A dual band electrochromic glass and a method of controlling the same

Abstract

The application provides a kind of dual-band electrochromic glass and its control method.According to the direction from outdoor to indoor, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer and a second color-changing module;The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first drive circuit, the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second drive circuit, and the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit work independently.The dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the application has two relatively independent electrochromic systems, which can independently and accurately control the visible light band and the near-infrared light band respectively, thereby realizing four typical working modes of "bright and cool, dim and cool, bright and warm, dim and warm", maximizing building energy efficiency and improving visual and thermal comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrochromic technology and relates to an electrochromic glass, specifically a dual-band electrochromic glass and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] The core principle of electrochromic glass is to utilize the ion insertion / extraction reaction of electrochromic materials under the action of an external electric field to achieve reversible changes in optical performance. When charge carriers such as lithium ions and electrons are injected simultaneously into the electrochromic layer (such as tungsten trioxide) and the ion storage layer (such as nickel oxide), the chemical valence state and optical constants of the material change, resulting in coloring or fading of the device.

[0003] Traditional electrochromic glass generally employs a single-layer electrochromic structure, typically a "five-layer" stacked structure: transparent conductive layer (such as indium tin oxide) / electrochromic layer / ion conductor layer (electrolyte) / ion storage layer / transparent conductive layer. For example, the single-layer electrochromic device disclosed in Chinese patent CN 106094385A achieves multi-region color changes through a single active layer, but it still does not break away from the single-band control framework. This type of single-layer electrochromic glass is the closest prior art to the present invention. Its working mechanism determines that its optical control is singular: when a voltage is applied, the transmittance of the visible light band (380-780nm) and the near-infrared band (780-2500nm, corresponding to the heat portion of solar radiation) will change synchronously, i.e., an integrated "bright-dark" adjustment mode.

[0004] While traditional electrochromic glass has shown certain advantages in building energy conservation, it suffers from several key drawbacks due to its coupled characteristics of visible and near-infrared light regulation. Firstly, this functional coupling leads to poor adaptability to demand. Existing technologies cannot separate the regulation of "light (visible light)" and "heat (near-infrared light)." For example, when high visible light transmittance is needed in winter to ensure indoor brightness, it cannot retain near-infrared heat input independently; conversely, when near-infrared heat needs to be blocked in summer, visible light transmittance is simultaneously reduced, resulting in insufficient indoor brightness. This coupling characteristic means that traditional electrochromic glass can only achieve binary "bright-dark" adjustment, failing to meet the differentiated needs of complex environments. Secondly, energy efficiency is not optimal. In cold seasons, traditional electrochromic glass needs to remain transparent to allow sunlight in, but this leads to significant heat loss through infrared radiation at night or on cloudy days. In hot seasons, when tinted for shading, excessively reduced visible light transmittance increases artificial lighting energy consumption, and improper control strategies may even result in higher total building energy consumption than ordinary windows. Although existing electrochromic glass can reduce HVAC system energy consumption, its energy-saving potential is not fully realized due to the binding relationship between light and heat regulation. Furthermore, comfort and precise control are insufficient. Traditional electrochromic glass cannot be adjusted according to season, sun position, weather, or personal preferences, resulting in a limited user experience. For example, in climates with mild winters and cool summers, traditional electrochromic glass struggles to balance the needs of lighting, glare control, and thermal regulation, leading to a conflict between indoor thermal comfort and visual comfort.

[0005] With increasingly stringent global green building standards and the development of smart building technologies, the market is placing higher demands on the precision control capabilities of electrochromic glass. The existing photothermal coupling control mode of single-layer electrochromic glass can no longer meet the core needs of maximizing building energy efficiency and enhancing user comfort.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an electrochromic technology that can independently and precisely control the visible light and near-infrared light bands to achieve four typical working modes: "bright and cool, dim and cool, bright and warm, and dim and warm." This would break through the functional limitations of existing technologies and provide a better solution for building energy conservation and intelligent control. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a dual-band electrochromic glass and its control method. The dual-band electrochromic glass has two relatively independent electrochromic systems, capable of independent and precise control over the visible light and near-infrared light bands respectively, thereby achieving four typical operating modes: "bright and cool," "dim and cool," "bright and warm," and "dim and warm," maximizing building energy efficiency and improving visual and thermal comfort.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, wherein, depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer, and a second color-changing module; The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

[0009] This invention innovatively designs the traditional single-layer electrochromic structure into a double-layer stacked structure, realizing the physical separation of the control channels. At the same time, it designs two sets of non-interfering drive circuits to achieve precise control of the two color-changing modules respectively.

[0010] More specifically, by controlling the voltage magnitude and direction of the first driving circuit, the present invention can independently control the coloring and fading of the near-infrared conditioning layer, thereby adjusting the transmittance of near-infrared light (heat); by controlling the voltage of the second driving circuit, the present invention can independently control the coloring and fading of the visible light conditioning layer, thereby adjusting the transmittance of visible light; thus achieving four typical working modes: "bright and cool, dim and cool, bright and warm, dim and warm", maximizing building energy efficiency and improving visual and thermal comfort.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the intermediate electrode layer includes lithium-doped nickel oxide or lithium-doped iridium oxide.

[0012] Preferably, the lithium doping amount in the lithium-doped nickel oxide or lithium-doped iridium oxide is 5~15 at.%, for example, it can be 5 at.%, 7 at.%, 9 at.%, 11 at.%, 13 at.% or 15 at.%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer is 100~400nm, for example, it can be 100nm, 200nm, 300nm or 400nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 170~230nm.

[0014] In this invention, the intermediate electrode layer has dual functions: when used as the counter electrode of the near-infrared modulation layer, it needs to have sufficient capacity; when used as the conductive electrode of the visible light modulation layer, it needs to have good conductivity. By controlling the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer, it can achieve both low sheet resistance and high charge storage capacity. More specifically, when the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer is around 200 nm, its charge storage capacity is >25 mC / cm². 2 Sheet resistance < 100Ω.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer, a near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer, and a first transparent conductive layer stacked together.

[0016] Preferably, in the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer is the negative electrode and the first transparent conductive layer is the positive electrode.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first ion conductor layer includes any one of tantalum pentoxide, lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, or tungsten trioxide.

[0018] Preferably, the thickness of the first ion conductor layer is 50~200nm, for example, it can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm or 200nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 80~120nm.

[0019] In this invention, the first ion conductor layer serves to conduct ions and block electrons, ensuring rapid passage of lithium ions while preventing short circuits between the two layers. If the thickness of the first ion conductor layer is too thin, it is easily broken down; if it is too thick, the resistance will be too high, thereby reducing the corresponding speed.

[0020] Preferably, the material of the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer includes any one of cesium tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, or antimony-doped tin oxide nanocrystals.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer is 200~800nm, for example, it can be 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm or 800nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 350~450nm.

[0022] In this invention, the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer possesses near-infrared modulation capability: the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer needs to have strong absorption / reflection of near-infrared light, but minimal impact on visible light; if the thickness of the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer is too thin, the modulation amplitude will be insufficient; if the thickness is too thick, the performance may be affected due to increased film stress or visible light absorption. More specifically, when the material of this layer is cesium tungsten oxide (CsO2), x When the thickness of WO3 is around 400nm, the near-infrared transmittance of this layer can be adjusted to a range of >50%.

[0023] Preferably, the material of the first transparent conductive layer includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide.

[0024] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer is 150~500nm, for example, it can be 150nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm or 500nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 220~280nm.

[0025] In this invention, the first transparent conductive layer is used to balance conductivity and light transmittance. If its thickness is too thin, the resistance will be too high and the response rate will be reduced; if its thickness is too thick, the visible light transmittance will be reduced. More specifically, when the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer is 250nm, the visible light transmittance can be maintained at >85% while the sheet resistance is <10Ω.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-modulated electrochromic layer, a second ion conductor layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer stacked together.

[0027] Preferably, in the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer is the positive electrode and the second transparent conductive layer is the negative electrode.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer includes tungsten trioxide or polyaniline.

[0029] Preferably, the thickness of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer is 300~600nm, for example, it can be 300nm, 400nm, 500nm or 600nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 400~500nm.

[0030] In this invention, the thickness of the visible light-adjustable electrochromic layer affects the coloring depth. If the thickness is too thin, the transmittance of the colored state will be too high; if the thickness is too thick, the transmittance of the faded state will be too low. More specifically, when the thickness of the visible light-adjustable electrochromic layer is about 450 nm, a visible light transmittance adjustment range of >70% can be achieved.

[0031] Preferably, the material of the second ion conductor layer comprises a lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound.

[0032] Preferably, the thickness of the second ion conductor layer is 50~200nm, for example, it can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm or 200nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable, preferably 80~120nm.

[0033] In this invention, the second ion conductor layer serves to conduct ions and block electrons, ensuring rapid ion passage while preventing short circuits between the two layers. If the thickness of the first ion conductor layer is too thin, it is easily broken down; if it is too thick, the resistance will be too high, thereby reducing the corresponding speed.

[0034] Preferably, the material of the ion storage layer includes lithium-doped nickel oxide.

[0035] Preferably, the lithium doping amount in the lithium-doped nickel oxide is 5~15 at.%, for example, it can be 5 at.%, 7 at.%, 9 at.%, 11 at.%, 13 at.% or 15 at.%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the thickness of the ion storage layer is 100~300nm, for example, it can be 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm or 300nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 120~180nm.

[0037] In this invention, the ion storage layer is used to balance the charge and store Li₂ that has been inserted into / removed from the visible light-tunable electrochromic layer. + Its capacity needs to match the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer; if its thickness is too thin, it will lead to insufficient capacity, thereby reducing its cycle life; if its thickness is too thick, it will lead to increased cost and may even introduce stress.

[0038] Preferably, the material of the second transparent conductive layer includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide.

[0039] Preferably, the thickness of the second transparent conductive layer is 150~500nm, for example, it can be 150nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm or 500nm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable; preferably 220~280nm.

[0040] In this invention, the second transparent conductive layer is used to balance conductivity and light transmittance. If its thickness is too thin, the resistance will be too high and the response rate will be reduced; if its thickness is too thick, the visible light transmittance will be reduced.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling dual-band electrochromic glass as described in the first aspect, the control method comprising: The optical mode can be changed by independently controlling the voltage of the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit. The optical modes include bright cool, dim cool, bright warm, and dim warm.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the bright and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2 to +2.0V, for example, it can be +1.2V, +1.4V, +1.6V, +1.8V or +2.0V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable; the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, for example, it can be -1.0V, -1.2V, -1.4V, -1.6V or -1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable.

[0043] In the bright and cool mode, the first driving circuit applies a coloring voltage and the second driving circuit applies a fading voltage, so that the near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer has a heat insulation function and the visible light regulated electrochromic layer has a light-collecting function, which is suitable for summer daytime.

[0044] Preferably, in the dim and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2 to +2.0V, for example, it can be +1.2V, +1.4V, +1.6V, +1.8V, or +2.0V, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable. The voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0 to +1.8V, for example, it can be +1.0V, +1.2V, +1.4V, +1.6V, or +1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0045] In the dim and cool mode, both the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit apply a coloring voltage, so that the near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer has a heat insulation function and the visible light regulated electrochromic layer has a sunshade and privacy function, which is suitable for summer noon or strong light conditions.

[0046] Preferably, in the bright and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, for example, it can be -1.0V, -1.2V, -1.4V, -1.6V or -1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable; the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, for example, it can be -1.0V, -1.2V, -1.4V, -1.6V or -1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable.

[0047] In the bright and warm mode, both the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit apply a fading voltage, so that the near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer has a heat-generating function and the visible light regulated electrochromic layer has a light-collecting function, which is suitable for daytime use in winter.

[0048] Preferably, in the dim and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, for example, it can be -1.0V, -1.2V, -1.4V, -1.6V or -1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable; the voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0 to +1.8V, for example, it can be +1.0V, +1.2V, +1.4V, +1.6V or +1.8V, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the value range are also applicable.

[0049] In the dim and warm mode, the first driving circuit applies a fading voltage and the second driving circuit applies a coloring voltage, so that the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer has a heating function and the visible light modulated electrochromic layer has a privacy function, which is suitable for winter nights or conditions that require privacy protection.

[0050] The numerical range described in this invention includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​within the numerical ranges not listed above. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, this invention will not exhaustively list all the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention realizes the "decoupling" and independent control of visible light and near-infrared light, breaking the limitation of the single function of traditional electrochromic glass and providing unprecedented optical management flexibility; (2) The dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention can maximize the use of natural light and reduce energy consumption for summer cooling and winter heating through intelligent switching of four working modes, and the overall building energy efficiency is far higher than that of the existing technology. (3) By using the dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention, users can freely combine the light level and thermal comfort as needed, which meets the personalized needs of different seasons, weather, time of day and usage scenarios, and provides a better user experience. (4) The dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention integrates two systems into a standard laminated glass structure through a clever “intermediate electrode layer” design without significantly increasing the overall thickness and complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of dual-band electrochromic glass provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention; Wherein: 1 is the first transparent conductive layer, 2 is the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer, 3 is the first ion conductor layer, 4 is the intermediate electrode layer, 5 is the visible light modulated electrochromic layer, 6 is the second ion conductor layer, 7 is the ion storage layer, and 8 is the second transparent conductive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, the present invention provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, such as... Figure 1 As shown, depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer 4, and a second color-changing module. The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

[0055] The material of the intermediate electrode layer 4 includes lithium-doped nickel oxide or lithium-doped iridium oxide; the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is 100~400nm.

[0056] In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer 3, a near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer 2, and a first transparent conductive layer 1 stacked together; in the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the negative electrode, and the first transparent conductive layer 1 is the positive electrode. The material of the first ion conductor layer 3 includes any one of tantalum pentoxide, lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, or tungsten trioxide; the thickness of the first ion conductor layer 3 is 50~200nm; The material of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer 2 includes any one of cesium tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, or antimony-doped tin oxide nanocrystals; the thickness of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer 2 is 200~800nm; The material of the first transparent conductive layer 1 includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide; the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 1 is 150~500nm; In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-adjustable electrochromic layer 5, a second ion conductor layer 6, an ion storage layer 7, and a second transparent conductive layer 8 stacked together; in the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the positive electrode, and the second transparent conductive layer 8 is the negative electrode.

[0057] The visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is made of tungsten trioxide or polyaniline; the thickness of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is 300~600nm. The material of the second ion conductor layer 6 includes lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound; the thickness of the second ion conductor layer 6 is 50~200nm; The material of the ion storage layer 7 includes lithium-doped nickel oxide; the thickness of the ion storage layer 7 is 100~300 nm. The material of the second transparent conductive layer 8 includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide; the thickness of the second transparent conductive layer 8 is 150~500nm.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the method for preparing the dual-band electrochromic glass of the present invention includes: (1) Using magnetron sputtering, a first transparent conductive layer, a near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer, a first ion conductor layer, an intermediate electrode layer, a visible light modulated electrochromic layer, a second ion conductor layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer are sequentially deposited on the side of the glass substrate exposed to the outdoors to obtain an electrochromic glass preform. (2) The electrochromic glass blank obtained in step (1) is annealed, and then edge encapsulation and electrode lead-out are performed; The annealing process is performed at a temperature of 250~350℃ for 10~60 minutes.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, the control method for the dual-band electrochromic glass of the present invention includes: The optical mode can be changed by independently controlling the voltage of the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit. The optical modes include bright cool, dim cool, bright warm, and dim warm.

[0060] In the bright and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2~+2.0V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0~-1.8V; in the dim and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2~+2.0V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0~+1.8V; in the bright and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0~-1.8V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0~-1.8V; in the dim and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0~-1.8V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0~+1.8V.

[0061] Example 1 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, such as... Figure 1 As shown, depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer 4, and a second color-changing module. The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

[0062] The intermediate electrode layer 4 is made of lithium-doped nickel oxide and has a thickness of 200 nm.

[0063] In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer 3, a near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer 2, and a first transparent conductive layer 1 stacked together; in the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the negative electrode, and the first transparent conductive layer 1 is the positive electrode. The first ion conductor layer 3 is made of tantalum pentoxide and has a thickness of 100 nm. The near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer 2 is made of cesium tungsten oxide and has a thickness of 400 nm. The first transparent conductive layer 1 is made of indium tin oxide and has a thickness of 250 nm; In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5, a second ion conductor layer 6, an ion storage layer 7, and a second transparent conductive layer 8 stacked together; in the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the positive electrode, and the second transparent conductive layer 8 is the negative electrode. The visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is made of tungsten trioxide and has a thickness of 450 nm. The material of the second ion conductor layer 6 is a lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, and its thickness is 100 nm; The ion storage layer 7 is made of lithium-doped nickel oxide and has a thickness of 150 nm. The second transparent conductive layer 8 is made of indium tin oxide and has a thickness of 250 nm.

[0064] Example 2 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, such as... Figure 1 As shown, depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer 4, and a second color-changing module. The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

[0065] The intermediate electrode layer 4 is made of lithium-doped iridium oxide, and the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is 250 nm.

[0066] In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer 3, a near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer 2, and a first transparent conductive layer 1 stacked together; in the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the negative electrode, and the first transparent conductive layer 1 is the positive electrode. The first ion conductor layer 3 is made of lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound and has a thickness of 150 nm; The near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer 2 is made of molybdenum oxide and has a thickness of 600 nm. The first transparent conductive layer 1 is made of fluorine-doped tin oxide and has a thickness of 300 nm; In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5, a second ion conductor layer 6, an ion storage layer 7, and a second transparent conductive layer 8 stacked together; in the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the positive electrode, and the second transparent conductive layer 8 is the negative electrode. The visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is made of polyaniline and has a thickness of 600 nm. The material of the second ion conductor layer 6 is a lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, and its thickness is 150 nm; The ion storage layer 7 is made of lithium-doped nickel oxide and has a thickness of 200 nm. The second transparent conductive layer 8 is made of fluorine-doped tin oxide and has a thickness of 400 nm.

[0067] Example 3 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, such as Figure 1 As shown, depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer 4, and a second color-changing module. The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

[0068] The intermediate electrode layer 4 is made of lithium-doped nickel oxide and has a thickness of 100 nm.

[0069] In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer 3, a near-infrared regulated electrochromic layer 2, and a first transparent conductive layer 1 stacked together; in the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the negative electrode, and the first transparent conductive layer 1 is the positive electrode. The first ion conductor layer 3 is made of tungsten trioxide and has a thickness of 50 nm. The near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer 2 is made of antimony-doped tin oxide nanocrystals with a thickness of 200 nm. The first transparent conductive layer 1 is made of fluorine-doped tin oxide and has a thickness of 150 nm; In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer 4, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-adjustable electrochromic layer 5, a second ion conductor layer 6, an ion storage layer 7, and a second transparent conductive layer 8 stacked together; in the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer 4 is the positive electrode, and the second transparent conductive layer 8 is the negative electrode.

[0070] The visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is made of tungsten trioxide and has a thickness of 300 nm. The material of the second ion conductor layer 6 is a lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, and its thickness is 50 nm; The ion storage layer 7 is made of lithium-doped nickel oxide and has a thickness of 100 nm. The material of the second transparent conductive layer 8 is indium tin oxide, with a thickness of 150 nm.

[0071] Example 4 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is adjusted to 50 nm.

[0072] Example 5 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is adjusted to 450 nm.

[0073] Example 6 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer 2 is adjusted to 100 nm.

[0074] Example 7 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer 2 is adjusted to 850 nm.

[0075] Example 8 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the ion storage layer 7 is adjusted to 80 nm.

[0076] Example 9 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the ion storage layer 7 is adjusted to 350 nm.

[0077] Example 10 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is adjusted to 250 nm.

[0078] Example 11 This embodiment provides a dual-band electrochromic glass, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that: In this embodiment, the thickness of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer 5 is adjusted to 650 nm.

[0079] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides an electrochromic glass, which differs from Example 1 only in that: This comparative example omits the first color-changing module.

[0080] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides an electrochromic glass, which differs from Example 1 only in that: This comparative example omits the second color-changing module.

[0081] Application example: By independently controlling the voltages of the first and second driving circuits of the electrochromic glass provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples, the optical mode can be changed. A coloring voltage of +1.5V is applied to the first driving circuit, and a fading voltage of -1.5V is applied to the second driving circuit to achieve a bright and cool mode. A shading voltage of +1.5V is applied to the first driving circuit and a shading voltage of +1.5V is applied to the second driving circuit to achieve a dim and cool mode. A fading voltage of -1.5V is applied to the first driving circuit and a fading voltage of -1.5V is applied to the second driving circuit to achieve a bright and warm mode. A fading voltage of -1.5V is applied to the first driving circuit, and a coloring voltage of +1.5V is applied to the second driving circuit to achieve a dim and warm mode.

[0082] According to the application example: (1) Based on a comprehensive analysis of Examples 1-3, the dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention can achieve “decoupling” and independent control of visible light and near-infrared light, and realize intelligent switching of four working modes; (2) Comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 4-11 shows that any change in the thickness of any film layer in the dual-band electrochromic glass will affect the independent modulation of visible light and near-outer red light; If the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is too thin, it will result in insufficient charge storage capacity, reduced ion storage capacity, and limited counter electrode function of the near-infrared modulation layer, leading to a reduction in near-infrared modulation amplitude. At the same time, the sheet resistance will increase, affecting the response speed of the visible light modulation layer. If it is too thick, it will result in a decrease in visible light transmittance, a decrease in the overall transparency of the device, and may affect the mechanical stability of the device due to increased film stress. If the thickness of the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer 2 is too thin, the near-infrared light modulation amplitude will be insufficient, and it will be unable to effectively block heat. If it is too thick, the film stress will increase, the transmittance in the visible light band will decrease, and the response speed will slow down. If the thickness of the ion storage layer 7 is too thin, it will lead to Li + Insufficient storage capacity leads to charge balance failure and a significant decrease in cycle life. Excessive thickness, on the other hand, will increase the overall thickness of the device, increase cost and stress, and decrease visible light transmittance. If the thickness of the visible light modulated electrochromic layer 5 is too thin, the coloring depth will be insufficient and the visible light modulation amplitude will be too low. If it is too thick, the transmittance of the faded state will decrease, the response speed will be slowed down, and the overall transparency of the device will be limited. (3) A comprehensive analysis of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 shows that omitting either the first color-changing module or the second color-changing module will not enable the intelligent switching of the four working modes.

[0083] Performance testing: The electrochromic glasses provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Ionic conductivity: The Nyquist plot of the dual-band electrochromic glass was measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the ionic conductivity was calculated. Response speed test: Apply a jump voltage to the dual-band electrochromic glass and measure the change in transmittance at a wavelength of 600nm. The time it takes for the transmittance change to reach 90% is the response time. Cyclic life test: The dual-band electrochromic glass was subjected to a constant voltage cyclic test. The test process was as follows: a complete cycle was defined as 30s of coloring under +1.5V voltage and 30s of fading under -1.5V voltage. The number of cycles was recorded when the optical modulation amplitude decayed to 80% of the initial value.

[0085] Table 1 According to Table 1, the following points can be observed: A comprehensive analysis of Examples 1-3 shows that the dual-band electrochromic glass provided by the present invention can achieve intelligent switching of four working modes while having excellent ionic conductivity, response speed and cycle life. A comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 4-11 shows that any change in the thickness of any film layer in the dual-band electrochromic glass will affect its performance. If the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer 4 is too thin, it will result in insufficient charge storage capacity, increased sheet resistance, slower response speed, and decreased cycle life. If it is too thick, it will result in decreased visible light transmittance and slightly reduced ionic conductivity. If the thickness of the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer 2 is too thin, the near-infrared modulation amplitude will be insufficient, the response speed will be fast but the heat insulation effect will be poor; if it is too thick, the visible light transmittance will decrease and the response speed will be slow. If the thickness of the ion storage layer 7 is too thin, it will cause Li + Insufficient capacity leads to a significant decrease in cycle life, while excessive thickness results in a slight decrease in ionic conductivity and a reduction in the overall transmittance of the device. If the thickness of the visible light modulated electrochromic layer 5 is too thin, the visible light modulation amplitude will be too low; if it is too thick, the transmittance of the faded state will decrease and the response speed will be slowed down. A comprehensive analysis of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 shows that omitting any color-changing module makes it impossible to switch between the four working modes, and the ionic conductivity decreases significantly.

[0086] In summary, the dual-band electrochromic glass provided by this invention has two relatively independent electrochromic systems that can independently and precisely control the visible light band and the near-infrared light band respectively, thereby achieving four typical working modes: "bright and cool, dim and cool, bright and warm, and dim and warm," maximizing building energy efficiency and improving visual and thermal comfort.

[0087] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-band electrochromic glass, characterized in that, Depending on the direction from outdoors to indoors, the dual-band electrochromic glass includes a first color-changing module, an intermediate electrode layer, and a second color-changing module; The first color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a first driving circuit, and the second color-changing module and the intermediate electrode layer are connected in series to form a second driving circuit. The first driving circuit and the second driving circuit operate independently.

2. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the intermediate electrode layer includes lithium-doped nickel oxide or lithium-doped iridium oxide; Preferably, the thickness of the intermediate electrode layer is 100~400nm, more preferably 170~230nm.

3. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the direction away from the intermediate electrode layer, the first color-changing module includes a first ion conductor layer, a near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer, and a first transparent conductive layer stacked together.

4. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the first driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer is the negative electrode, and the first transparent conductive layer is the positive electrode.

5. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the first ion conductor layer includes any one of tantalum pentoxide, lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound, or tungsten trioxide; Preferably, the thickness of the first ion conductor layer is 50~200nm, more preferably 80~120nm; Preferably, the material of the near-infrared modulated electrochromic layer includes any one of cesium tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, or antimony-doped tin oxide nanocrystals; Preferably, the thickness of the near-infrared tunable electrochromic layer is 200~800nm, more preferably 350~450nm; Preferably, the material of the first transparent conductive layer includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide; Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer is 150~500nm, more preferably 220~280nm.

6. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that, In a direction away from the intermediate electrode layer, the second color-changing module includes a visible light-modulated electrochromic layer, a second ion conductor layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer stacked together.

7. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the second driving circuit, the intermediate electrode layer is the positive electrode, and the second transparent conductive layer is the negative electrode.

8. The dual-band electrochromic glass according to claim 7, characterized in that, The material of the visible light-modulated electrochromic layer includes tungsten trioxide or polyaniline; Preferably, the thickness of the visible light-tunable electrochromic layer is 300~600nm, more preferably 400~500nm; Preferably, the material of the second ion conductor layer includes a lithium phosphorus oxynitride compound; Preferably, the thickness of the second ion conductor layer is 50~200nm, more preferably 80~120nm; Preferably, the material of the ion storage layer includes lithium-doped nickel oxide; Preferably, the thickness of the ion storage layer is 100~300nm, more preferably 120~180nm; Preferably, the material of the second transparent conductive layer includes indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide; Preferably, the thickness of the second transparent conductive layer is 150~500nm, more preferably 220~280nm.

9. A method for controlling dual-band electrochromic glass as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The control method includes: The optical mode can be changed by independently controlling the voltage of the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit. The optical modes include bright cool, dim cool, bright warm, and dim warm.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the bright and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2~+2.0V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0~-1.8V. Preferably, in the dim and cool mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is +1.2~+2.0V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0~+1.8V; Preferably, in the bright and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V; Preferably, in the dim and warm mode, the voltage of the first driving circuit is -1.0 to -1.8V, and the voltage of the second driving circuit is +1.0 to +1.8V.

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