A device system for deceleration braking and kinetic energy recovery of high-speed moving objects

Abstract

The application discloses a device system for deceleration braking and kinetic energy recovery of a high-speed moving object, which comprises four subsystems of a magnetic suspension track system, an electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system, a terminal hydraulic braking system and an intelligent control system which work cooperatively. The magnetic suspension track system adopts a non-contact suspension technology to bear and guide the high-speed moving object, and the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system is arranged along the magnetic suspension track deceleration area in sections; the terminal hydraulic braking system is arranged at the track terminal; and the intelligent control system serves as a coordinated control core to realize multi-parameter closed-loop control. Through the coordinated cooperation among the magnetic suspension track system, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system, the terminal hydraulic braking system and the intelligent control system, the complete working process of the high-speed moving object from stable operation, main deceleration, kinetic energy recovery to terminal stopping is realized, mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss are effectively reduced, and the stability, safety and energy utilization efficiency of the deceleration braking process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deceleration and braking of high-speed moving objects, and particularly relates to a device system for deceleration, braking and kinetic energy recovery of high-speed moving objects. Background Technology

[0002] In the deceleration and braking process of high-speed moving objects, traditional mechanical braking methods suffer from problems such as high mechanical wear, significant kinetic energy loss, and low braking efficiency. Furthermore, the heat generated during braking requires an effective cooling system. While existing technologies have proposed magnetoresistive braking schemes, they have not achieved closed-loop energy recovery, and other systems such as hydraulic-electromagnetic composite braking systems still suffer from response delays. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new braking devices with real-time dynamic adjustment, efficient energy recovery, and multi-system coordinated control, capable of achieving rapid deceleration and braking of high-speed moving objects while minimizing mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the Invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy from high-speed moving objects. This system, through the combination of a magnetic levitation guide rail and an electromagnetic damping kinetic energy recovery system, can achieve rapid deceleration and braking of high-speed objects while minimizing mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention provides a device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy from high-speed moving objects, comprising the following four cooperating subsystems:

[0005] The magnetic levitation track system uses non-contact levitation technology to support high-speed moving objects;

[0006] An electromagnetic damping deceleration and kinetic energy recovery system, consisting of an array of electromagnetic damping units arranged in segments along the magnetic levitation track system;

[0007] End-of-track hydraulic braking system, a safety redundancy braking device installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track system;

[0008] The intelligent control system coordinates the multi-parameter closed-loop control of the magnetic levitation track system, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system, and the end hydraulic braking system in real time.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetic levitation track system includes an I-shaped cross-section track body, a dynamic adjustment module for the suspension gap, and a track segment splicing structure;

[0010] The surface layer of the I-shaped cross-section track body is a silicon nitride ceramic matrix composite material layer, and the base layer is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet array;

[0011] The suspension gap dynamic adjustment module uses a zero-power control algorithm to maintain a suspension gap of 0.5-2cm;

[0012] Temperature expansion compensation joints are provided between the segments of the track segment splicing structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system includes an initial velocity sensor, an electromagnet array, an energy storage device, a liquid cooling circuit, and a displacement sensor. The initial velocity sensor is used to monitor the initial velocity of a high-speed object entering the deceleration system to determine the initial damping force of the system. The electromagnet array is used to generate a controllable magnetic field to dynamically adjust the magnitude of the damping force. The energy storage device is used to transmit the current generated by the deceleration of the high-speed object to the energy storage battery. The liquid cooling circuit is used for heat dissipation of the entire system. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement of the object in the guide rail and feed it back to the control system to achieve closed-loop regulation.

[0014] Furthermore, the electromagnet array adopts a Halbach magnet arrangement, with a single set of electromagnets covering a track length of 2-4m; the energy storage device includes a supercapacitor module and a lithium battery pack connected in parallel, and the two achieve dynamic energy distribution through a bidirectional DC / DC converter; the cooling medium of the liquid cooling circuit is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol containing nano-alumina particles.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for adjusting the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet array includes: calculating the initial damping force setting value based on the input signal of the initial velocity sensor; dynamically adjusting the coil current according to the position information fed back by the displacement sensor and a preset exponential decay curve; and automatically switching to the energy consumption braking mode when the SOC of the energy storage device is detected to be greater than 95%.

[0016] Furthermore, the end hydraulic braking system includes a main hydraulic cylinder, a backup hydraulic cylinder, a piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor, and an emergency braking module;

[0017] The emergency braking module automatically triggers full-power braking when it detects a moving object with a speed >5m / s entering the hydraulic section. It is equipped with dual redundant hydraulic cylinders and ceramic friction plates for end-stage deceleration and braking of the object at the end of the electromagnetic damping deceleration phase, while also serving as a safety redundancy system.

[0018] Furthermore, the intelligent control system includes: an FPGA+ARM dual-core processor, a multi-parameter coupled control model, and a three-level security monitoring protocol.

[0019] Furthermore, the energy recovery efficiency optimization method of the device system for decelerating and braking high-speed moving objects and recovering kinetic energy includes: prioritizing the supply of energy to the supercapacitor module in the initial stage of braking; activating the constant voltage charging mode of the lithium battery pack in the middle and later stages of braking; and automatically activating the dynamic energy redistribution algorithm when the voltage fluctuation of the energy storage device is detected to be >15%.

[0020] Furthermore, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system also includes an initial speed sensor, an electromagnet array, an energy storage device, a liquid cooling circuit, and a displacement sensor.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: By combining a magnetic levitation rail with an electromagnetic damping kinetic energy recovery system, this invention can achieve rapid deceleration and braking of high-speed objects while minimizing mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss. The magnetic levitation rail system maintains a non-mechanical contact surface between the high-speed moving object and the rail, reducing mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss. The electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system includes an initial velocity sensor, an electromagnet, an energy storage device, a liquid cooling circuit, and a position sensor. The initial velocity sensor monitors the initial velocity of the high-speed object entering the deceleration system to determine the initial damping force. The electromagnet generates a controllable magnetic field to dynamically adjust the damping force. The energy storage device transmits the current generated by the deceleration of the high-speed object's conductive body to the energy storage battery. The liquid cooling circuit dissipates heat from the entire system. The position sensor monitors the displacement of the object in the rail and feeds it back to the control system for closed-loop regulation. The end-of-line hydraulic braking system is used for the final deceleration and braking of the object when the electromagnetic damping deceleration phase ends, and can be considered a safety redundancy system. The intelligent control system is used to regulate the entire system, and realize functions such as collecting and analyzing data from various sensors, adjusting electromagnet current and controlling damping force in real time, and regulating liquid cooling flow rate and temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic levitation track and the electromagnetic damping unit.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic damping unit.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a diagram of a magnetic levitation track system.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of the magnetic levitation track system.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic levitation track system.

[0028] Figure 7 The diagram is based on the Halbach array for electromagnets.

[0029] Figure 8 Electromagnets based on Halbach array Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 9 It is an end-of-line hydraulic braking system.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a side view of the end-of-line hydraulic braking system.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the end-of-line hydraulic braking system.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a bottom view of the end-of-line hydraulic braking system.

[0034] In the figure, the components are: initial velocity sensor 101, electromagnet array 102, energy storage device 103, liquid cooling circuit 104, displacement sensor 105, I-shaped cross-section track body 201, silicon nitride ceramic matrix composite layer 202, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet array 203, temperature expansion compensation joint 204, supercapacitor module 301, lithium battery pack 302, bidirectional DC / DC converter 303, main hydraulic cylinder 401, backup hydraulic cylinder 402, piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor 403, emergency braking module 404, and ceramic friction plate 405. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This invention provides a device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy from a high-speed moving object, comprising the following components:

[0037] Magnetic levitation track system. Utilizing high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, it achieves non-contact levitation between the moving object and the track, maintaining a mechanical contact surface between the high-speed moving object and the track, thus reducing mechanical wear and kinetic energy loss.

[0038] An electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system includes an initial velocity sensor, an electromagnet, an energy storage device 103, a liquid cooling circuit 104, and a position sensor. The initial velocity sensor 101 monitors the initial velocity of a high-speed object entering the deceleration system to determine the initial damping force. The electromagnet generates a controllable magnetic field to dynamically adjust the damping force. The energy storage device 103 transfers the current generated by the deceleration of the high-speed conductive object to the energy storage battery. The liquid cooling circuit 104 dissipates heat from the entire system. The position sensor monitors the displacement of the object in the guide rail and feeds it back to the control system for closed-loop regulation. Specifically, regulation is implemented through a three-stage electromagnetic damping unit array: a primary induction coil captures the moving conductor, a secondary electromagnet applies an adjustable damping force, and a three-stage permanent magnet array optimizes the magnetic field distribution; the energy storage module uses a hybrid energy storage system of lithium titanate batteries and supercapacitors; thermal management employs a dual-cycle liquid cooling system to achieve low-temperature constant-temperature operation of the electromagnetic components.

[0039] End-of-line hydraulic braking system. Equipped with dual redundant hydraulic cylinders and ceramic friction plates 405, it is used for end-of-line deceleration and braking of the object when the electromagnetic damping deceleration phase ends, and also serves as a safety redundancy system.

[0040] Intelligent control system. Based on an FPGA+ARM dual-core architecture, it adopts a multi-parameter coupled control model and a three-level safety monitoring protocol to achieve dynamic distribution of damping force and rapid system response. This system is used to control the entire system, realizing functions such as data collection and analysis from various sensors, real-time control of electromagnet current and damping force, and regulation of liquid cooling flow rate and temperature.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the system device of this invention includes a magnetic levitation track supporting high-speed object motion, an electromagnetic damping deceleration and kinetic energy recovery system, an end-effector hydraulic braking system, and an intelligent control system. The magnetic levitation track structure is an I-shaped cross-section track body 201, with a silicon nitride ceramic matrix composite material layer 202 on the surface and a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet array 203 on the base. A dynamic adjustment module for the suspension gap uses a zero-power control algorithm to maintain a suspension gap of 0.5-2cm. The track has a segmented splicing structure with temperature expansion compensation seams 204 between the segments. An electromagnet array 102 is arranged at the bottom of the track and the connection point with the high-speed object motion base, using a Halbach magnet arrangement. It is controlled by a three-stage electromagnetic damping unit array. The primary induction coil captures the moving conductor, the secondary electromagnet applies an adjustable damping force, and the three-stage permanent magnet array optimizes the magnetic field distribution. The energy storage module uses a hybrid energy storage of lithium titanate batteries and supercapacitors. Thermal management uses a dual-cycle liquid cooling system to achieve low-temperature constant-temperature operation of the electromagnetic components. When the object decelerates to its final position, the hydraulic braking system engages. The piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor 403 monitors the braking clamping force in real time. When the moving object's speed exceeds 5 m / s and enters the hydraulic section, full-power braking is automatically triggered. Throughout the braking and deceleration process, the initial damping force setpoint is calculated based on the input signal from the initial speed sensor 101. Then, according to the position information fed back by the displacement sensor 105, the coil current is dynamically adjusted according to a preset exponential decay curve. Based on an FPGA+ARM dual-core architecture, a multi-parameter coupled control model and a three-level safety monitoring protocol are employed to achieve dynamic damping force distribution and rapid system response.

[0042] The system device of the present invention achieves deceleration and braking as follows: (1) In the start-up stage, when a high-speed moving object enters the braking section, the laser velocimeter captures the initial velocity, the control system calculates the initial damping force, the suspension gap is adjusted to 1.2cm (error ±0.3mm), and the liquid cooling system is pre-started to the basic flow rate; (2) In the main braking stage, the damping force is updated once for each displacement segment, and eddy current braking is achieved through the reverse current control of the Halbach array. The supercapacitor preferentially absorbs the braking energy of the first 200m, and the subsequent energy is transferred to the lithium battery; (3) In the end braking stage, when the displacement sensor 105 detects that there is still 50m left, the hydraulic system is pre-pressurized to 10MPa and ready. If the speed does not drop below 5m / s, the three-stage hydraulic booster braking is triggered.

[0043] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system comprises an electromagnetic damping unit array arranged in segments along the magnetic levitation track system; further, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system includes an initial velocity sensor 101, an electromagnet array 102, an energy storage device 103, a liquid cooling circuit 104, and a displacement sensor 105.

[0044] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the electromagnet array 102 adopts a Halbach magnet arrangement, with a single set of electromagnets covering a track length of 2-4m; the energy storage device 103 includes a supercapacitor module 301 and a lithium battery pack 302 connected in parallel, and the two achieve dynamic energy distribution through a bidirectional DC / DC converter 303; the cooling medium of the liquid cooling circuit is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol containing nano-alumina particles.

[0045] Furthermore, the magnetic field strength adjustment method of the electromagnet array 102 includes: calculating the initial damping force setting value based on the input signal of the initial velocity sensor 101; dynamically adjusting the coil current according to the position information fed back by the displacement sensor 105 and a preset exponential decay curve; and automatically switching to the energy consumption braking mode when the SOC of the energy storage device is detected to be greater than 95%.

[0046] like Figures 9-12 As shown, the system includes a main hydraulic cylinder 401, a backup hydraulic cylinder 402, and a piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor 403. The end-effector hydraulic braking system is a safety redundant braking device installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track system. According to claim 1, a device system for decelerating and braking high-speed moving objects and recovering kinetic energy is characterized in that the end-effector hydraulic braking system includes a main hydraulic cylinder 401, a backup hydraulic cylinder 402, a piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor 403, and an emergency braking module 404.

[0047] The emergency braking module automatically triggers full-power braking when it detects a moving object with a speed >5m / s entering the hydraulic section. The end-of-line hydraulic braking system is equipped with dual redundant hydraulic cylinders and ceramic friction plates 405, used for end-of-line deceleration and braking of the object when the electromagnetic damping deceleration section ends, and also serves as a safety redundancy system.

[0048] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and equivalent substitutions without departing from the principle of the present invention. All such improvements and equivalent substitutions to the claims of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy from a high-speed moving object, characterized in that, It includes the following four collaborative subsystems: The magnetic levitation track system uses non-contact levitation technology to support high-speed moving objects; An electromagnetic damping deceleration and kinetic energy recovery system, consisting of an array of electromagnetic damping units arranged in segments along the magnetic levitation track system; End-of-track hydraulic braking system, a safety redundancy braking device installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track system; The intelligent control system coordinates the multi-parameter closed-loop control of the magnetic levitation track system, the electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system, and the end hydraulic braking system in real time.

2. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic levitation track system includes an I-shaped cross-section track body (201), a dynamic adjustment module for suspension gap, and a track segment splicing structure; The surface layer of the I-shaped cross-section track body (201) is a silicon nitride ceramic matrix composite material layer (202), and the base layer is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet array (203). The suspension gap dynamic adjustment module uses a zero-power control algorithm to maintain a suspension gap of 0.5-2cm; The segmented splicing structure of the track is provided with temperature expansion compensation joints (204) between the segments.

3. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system includes an initial velocity sensor (101), an electromagnet array (102), an energy storage device (103), a liquid cooling circuit (104), and a displacement sensor (105). The initial velocity sensor (101) is used to monitor the initial velocity of a high-speed object entering the deceleration system to determine the initial damping force of the system. The electromagnet array (102) is used to generate a controllable magnetic field to dynamically adjust the magnitude of the damping force. The energy storage device (103) is used to transmit the current generated by the deceleration of the high-speed object to the energy storage battery. The liquid cooling circuit (104) is used for heat dissipation of the entire system. The displacement sensor (105) is used to monitor the displacement of the object in the guide rail and feed it back to the control system to achieve closed-loop regulation.

4. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electromagnet array (102) adopts the Halbach magnet arrangement, and the track length covered by a single electromagnet is 2-4m; the energy storage device (103) includes a supercapacitor module (301) and a lithium battery pack (302) connected in parallel, and the two achieve dynamic energy distribution through a bidirectional DC / DC converter (303); the cooling medium of the liquid cooling circuit (104) is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol containing nano-alumina particles.

5. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet array (102) includes: calculating the initial damping force setting value based on the input signal of the initial velocity sensor (101); dynamically adjusting the coil current according to the position information fed back by the displacement sensor (105) and the preset exponential decay curve; and automatically switching to the energy consumption braking mode when the SOC of the energy storage device (103) is detected to be greater than 95%.

6. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end hydraulic braking system includes a main hydraulic cylinder (401), a backup hydraulic cylinder (402), a piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensor (403), and an emergency braking module; the emergency braking module (404) automatically triggers full-power braking when it detects that a moving object with a speed >5m / s enters the hydraulic section; it is equipped with dual redundant hydraulic cylinders and ceramic friction plates (405) for end deceleration and braking of the object when the electromagnetic damping deceleration section ends, and also serves as a safety redundancy system.

7. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes: an FPGA+ARM dual-core processor, a multi-parameter coupled control model, and a three-level security monitoring protocol.

8. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy recovery efficiency optimization method of the device system for deceleration braking and kinetic energy recovery of high-speed moving objects includes: prioritizing the supply of energy to the supercapacitor module (301) in the initial stage of braking; starting the constant voltage charging mode of the lithium battery pack (302) in the middle and late stages of braking; and automatically activating the dynamic energy redistribution algorithm when the voltage fluctuation of the energy storage device is detected to be >15%.

9. The device system for decelerating, braking, and recovering kinetic energy of a high-speed moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic damping deceleration kinetic energy recovery system also includes an initial velocity sensor (101), an electromagnet array (102), an energy storage device (103), a liquid cooling circuit (104), and a displacement sensor (105).

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