A generator semi-physical real-time simulation system

Abstract

The application discloses a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system, comprising: a simulation model device, a driving board and a to-be-debugged excitation regulator; the simulation model device is connected with the to-be-debugged excitation regulator through the driving board; the simulation model device comprises: a storage module, a receiving module, a running module and a feedback module; the storage module stores at least one simulation model; the at least one simulation model is used for simulating a real generator system; the receiving module is used for receiving interactive information of the driving board and the to-be-debugged excitation regulator; the running module is used for running each simulation model, so that each simulation model carries out simulation test according to the interactive information, and generates real-time analog quantity data; the feedback module is used for feeding back the real-time analog quantity data to the to-be-debugged excitation regulator through the driving board; and the to-be-debugged excitation regulator is used for generating an excitation signal according to the real-time analog quantity data. The application can verify the function and performance of the to-be-debugged excitation regulator without real machine joint debugging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excitation control technology, and in particular to a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system. Background Technology

[0002] The generator excitation system is a crucial component of the generator, playing a vital role in its operation. By adjusting the generator's excitation current, the excitation system can control key parameters such as the generator's terminal voltage, reactive power, and power factor. In a power system, voltage stability is fundamental to ensuring the normal operation of power equipment. When the system load changes, the generator's terminal voltage will also fluctuate. If the excitation system cannot effectively and promptly adjust the excitation current to maintain stable terminal voltage, it may lead to the malfunction of power equipment or even system failure. The excitation system can automatically adjust the excitation current according to the operating status of each generator and the system's needs, achieving a reasonable distribution of reactive power and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the power system.

[0003] However, a significant amount of time is required for preparation before each generator and excitation system commissioning. This includes checking that grounding wires, signs, scaffolding, and other safety facilities have been removed, that permanent fences and warning signs have been restored, and that the generator, the excitation regulator to be tested, the oil pipe flanges, and the motor insulation of various auxiliary equipment are in good condition. This ensures the entire system can function properly and prevents accidents during the experiment. Furthermore, each generator start-up incurs high costs, and some faults cannot be simulated during actual machine commissioning, making it impossible to fully verify the excitation system's protection measures. If the excitation system control malfunctions, it could potentially cause the generator to overspeed and damage the hardware.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a semi-physical real-time simulation system for generators to verify the function and performance of the excitation system without the need for a real generator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, realize the verification of the function and performance of the excitation regulator under test without the need for actual machine commissioning, improve the commissioning efficiency and safety of the excitation regulator, and fully verify the performance of the excitation regulator.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system is provided, characterized in that it includes: a simulation model device, a drive board, and an excitation regulator to be debugged; The simulation model device is connected to the excitation regulator to be debugged via the drive board; The simulation model device includes: a storage module, a receiving module, a running module, and a feedback module; The storage module stores at least one simulation model; the at least one simulation model is used to simulate a real generator system. The receiving module is used to receive the interaction information between the driver board and the excitation regulator to be debugged; the interaction information includes at least the excitation signal; The running module is used to run each of the simulation models so that each simulation model can perform simulation experiments based on the interaction information and generate real-time analog data. The feedback module is used to feed the real-time analog data back to the excitation regulator to be debugged through the drive board. The excitation regulator to be debugged is used to generate an excitation signal based on the real-time analog data and send it to the receiving module through the driver board.

[0007] Optionally, the interactive information may also include control commands; The driver board is also used to send the received control commands to the receiving module.

[0008] Optionally, the generator semi-physical real-time simulation system further includes: a host computer; The host computer is connected to the excitation regulator to be debugged; The host computer is used to acquire and display the real-time analog data through the excitation regulator to be debugged.

[0009] Optionally, the host computer is further configured to: determine whether the excitation regulator to be debugged is qualified based on the real-time analog data.

[0010] Optionally, at least one of the simulation models includes at least a simulated generator model; The simulated generator model is used to simulate the function of a real generator; the simulated generator model generates real-time analog data on the generator side during operation.

[0011] Optionally, the real-time analog data on the generator side includes at least one of the following analog data: generator terminal three-phase voltage analog data, stator three-phase current analog data, and excitation current analog data.

[0012] Optionally, at least one of the simulation model devices includes a simulated power grid model; The simulated power grid model is used to simulate the operating characteristics of the power grid; the simulated power grid model generates real-time simulated data on the power grid side during operation.

[0013] Optionally, the real-time analog data on the power grid side includes at least one of the following: analog data of the three-phase voltage of the power grid, analog data of the power grid frequency, and analog data of the phase angle.

[0014] Optionally, at least one of the simulation model devices includes a simulation synchronization device model; The simulated synchronizing device model is used to simulate the function of a real synchronizing device; the simulated synchronizing device model generates real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side during operation, and closes / opens the grid connection switch at appropriate times; the real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side includes adjustment commands for adjusting generator operating parameters; The feedback module is also used to feed the adjustment command back to the excitation regulator to be adjusted through the drive board; The excitation regulator to be debugged is also used to generate a corresponding excitation signal according to the adjustment command.

[0015] Optionally, at least one of the simulation models further includes a simulation speed governor model; The simulated speed controller model is used to simulate the function of a real speed controller.

[0016] The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided by this invention includes a simulation model device, a drive board, and an excitation regulator to be tested. The simulation model device is connected to the excitation regulator to be tested via the drive board. The simulation model device includes a storage module, a receiving module, a running module, and a feedback module. The storage module stores at least one simulation model. The receiving module is used to receive interactive information between the drive board and the excitation regulator to be tested. The interactive information includes at least an excitation signal. The running module is used to run each simulation model so that each simulation model performs simulation tests according to the interactive information and generates real-time analog data. The feedback module is used to feed back the real-time analog data to the excitation regulator to be tested via the drive board. The excitation regulator to be tested generates an excitation signal based on the real-time analog data and sends it to the receiving module via the drive board. In this way, by making the simulation model device completely simulate the real generator, the excitation regulator to be debugged interacts with the simulation model device through the drive board, realizing that the simulation model device completely replaces the real generator system and performs joint debugging with the excitation regulator to be debugged. This can save manpower and material resources, reduce safety risks, save debugging costs, and simulate faults that the real generator cannot simulate. It can fully verify the function and performance of the excitation system to be debugged, improve the debugging efficiency and debugging safety of the excitation regulator, and fully verify the performance of the excitation regulator.

[0017] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the simulation model device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 1As shown, the generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided in this embodiment includes: a simulation model device, a drive board, and an excitation regulator to be tested; the simulation model device is connected to the excitation regulator to be tested through the drive board; the simulation model device includes a storage module, a receiving module, a running module, and a feedback module; the storage module stores at least one simulation model; the receiving module is used to receive the interaction information between the drive board and the excitation regulator to be tested; the interaction information includes at least an excitation signal; the running module is used to run each simulation model so that each simulation model performs simulation tests according to the interaction information and generates real-time analog data; the feedback module is used to feed back the real-time analog data to the excitation regulator to be tested through the drive board; the excitation regulator to be tested is used to generate an excitation signal according to the real-time analog data and send it to the receiving module through the drive board.

[0023] The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided in this embodiment is a system that combines real hardware with a computer simulation model. The simulation model device, acting as a means to realize the dynamic behavior of the simulated generator system and exchange data with the drive board, uses a high-speed FPGA as the controller and embeds high-precision AI circuits, high-precision A0 circuits, DI circuits, and DO circuits to implement control logic. The drive board, serving as the intermediate interface hardware connecting the simulation model device and the excitation regulator to be tested, has functions such as signal conditioning, level conversion, A / D, D / A, and isolation, used to achieve bidirectional conversion and transmission between digital simulation signals and the analog / digital signals required by the real excitation regulator. The excitation regulator to be tested is a real excitation regulator that has not yet been fully tested. It generates an excitation signal based on the received real-time analog data to control the simulated generator system, thereby testing its functionality and performance. The excitation signal is the control quantity output by the excitation regulator to be tested, which may include, but is not limited to, excitation voltage and / or excitation current. The excitation signal is used to control the virtual generator excitation winding in the simulation model device.

[0024] Interactive information refers to the data sent from the drive board and the excitation regulator under test to the simulation model device. This can include excitation signals from the excitation regulator, such as excitation voltage or excitation current, as well as control commands sent by the user through the drive board, such as start-up, operation, loading, unloading, grid connection, or disconnection. Real-time analog data refers to data representing real physical quantities calculated in real time by each simulation model. For example, when the simulation model includes a simulated generator model, real-time analog data can include generator terminal voltage, active power, and reactive power.

[0025] Specifically, the storage module of the simulation model device stores at least one simulation model for simulating a real generator system. When each simulation model performs simulation experiments based on interactive information and generates real-time analog data, the feedback module feeds back the real-time analog data to the excitation regulator under test through the drive board. The excitation regulator under test generates an excitation signal based on its internal algorithm according to the received real-time analog data and sends it to the receiving module through the drive board. The receiving module transmits the excitation signal to the running module. The running module uses the received excitation signal as the input of the simulation model and continues to run the simulation model.

[0026] In this embodiment, the generator semi-physical real-time simulation system provided by the present invention includes a simulation model device, a drive board, and an excitation regulator to be tested. The simulation model device is connected to the excitation regulator to be tested via the drive board. The simulation model device includes a storage module, a receiving module, a running module, and a feedback module. The storage module stores at least one simulation model. The receiving module receives interaction information between the drive board and the excitation regulator to be tested. The interaction information includes at least an excitation signal. The running module runs each simulation model to perform simulation experiments based on the interaction information and generate real-time analog data. The feedback module feeds the real-time analog data back to the excitation regulator to be tested via the drive board. The excitation regulator to be tested generates an excitation signal based on the real-time analog data and sends it to the receiving module via the drive board. Thus, by enabling the simulation model device to completely simulate a real generator, and the excitation regulator to be tested interacts with the simulation model device via the drive board, the simulation model device completely replaces the real generator system in joint debugging with the excitation regulator to be tested. This saves manpower and resources, reduces safety risks, saves debugging costs, and can simulate faults that cannot be simulated by a real generator, fully verifying the function and performance of the excitation system to be tested.

[0027] Optionally, the interactive information also includes control commands; the driver board is also used to send the received control commands to the receiving module.

[0028] The control commands can be commands sent directly from the user to the driver board. In an exemplary embodiment, the driver board is equipped with command buttons or a touch panel, through which the user sends control commands to the driver board. In this embodiment, the control commands may include at least one of the following: start command, run command, load command, unload command, grid connection command, or disconnect command.

[0029] For example, when the drive board receives a start command, it sends the received start command to the receiving module. The receiving module then passes the start command to the running module. Upon receiving the start command, the running module calls the relevant simulation model stored in the storage module, such as a simulated generator model. The simulated generator model switches from its initial static state to the start-up simulation state. Specifically, the running module sets the initial static state of the simulated generator model to zero speed, zero terminal voltage, zero excitation current, and an open circuit breaker. Subsequently, the running module gradually increases the speed of the simulated generator model according to the physical start-up laws of a real generator. This speed increase process follows the rotor inertia equation of a real generator, simulating the dynamic process of a prime mover (such as a water turbine or steam turbine) gradually accelerating from rest to its rated speed. The feedback module continuously sends these real-time analog data back to the excitation regulator under test via the drive board. After receiving this data, the excitation regulator senses that the generator is starting and accelerating, and determines whether the excitation conditions have been met based on its internal control logic.

[0030] Specifically, the driver board sends the received control commands to the receiving module, the receiving module passes the control commands to the running module, and the running module uses the received control commands as input to the simulation model, so that each simulation model changes its operating condition according to the control commands.

[0031] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the generator semi-physical real-time simulation system also includes a host computer; the host computer is connected to the excitation regulator to be debugged; the host computer is used to acquire and display the real-time analog data of the simulation model through the excitation regulator to be debugged.

[0032] The host computer is a functional unit used to enable information exchange between the user and the simulation system.

[0033] In one optional embodiment, the host computer establishes a physical connection directly with the excitation regulator to be debugged via a USB interface, thereby acquiring real-time analog data through the excitation regulator to be debugged.

[0034] The host computer is also used to display and store real-time analog data. In an optional embodiment, the host computer includes a data display and storage module for visualizing and persistently recording the acquired real-time analog data. Specifically, the host computer acquires real-time analog data received from the excitation regulator under test via a data communication interface, such as USB, and displays it in real time in a dynamic form, such as numbers, visual curves, or trend charts, in its graphical user interface, facilitating intuitive monitoring of real-time analog data. Simultaneously, the host computer integrates a data management unit that, based on preset sampling frequencies or event triggering conditions, organizes the acquired real-time analog data according to timestamps, channel identifiers, and values, storing it in local or network storage media in the form of text documents, database records, or binary files, thereby forming historical data records and providing a basis for subsequent data analysis, fault diagnosis, or report generation.

[0035] Optionally, the host computer can also be used to determine whether the excitation regulator to be debugged is qualified based on real-time analog data.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the host computer also integrates a qualification judgment unit, which is used to automatically determine whether the excitation regulator to be debugged meets the preset qualification standard based on the acquired real-time analog data. Specifically, based on the real-time display and storage of analog data, the host computer further calls an internal or external comparison and analysis module to compare the acquired key characteristic parameters such as three-phase voltage analog data, three-phase current analog data, and excitation current analog data with the standard thresholds or reference curves pre-stored in the host computer database. For example, when the excitation regulator under test, under a given step signal excitation, has an excitation voltage rise time, peak time, and settling time all within the design allowable range, and the steady-state error is less than the set limit, with no abnormal oscillations or spikes, the host computer determines that the regulator has passed the test and generates a "qualified" flag. Conversely, if any key parameter exceeds the tolerance range, or if the analog time-domain response curve shows abrupt changes, excessive overshoot, or convergence lag, the host computer determines it to be "unqualified" and prompts the operator to take further calibration or repair measures through audible and visual alarms, log recording, or fault codes. By introducing the above-mentioned online discrimination mechanism based on real-time analog data, the host computer not only automates and objectifies the excitation regulator debugging process.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the simulation model device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, refer to... Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model includes at least one simulated generator model, which is used to simulate the function of a real generator and generates real-time analog data on the generator side during operation.

[0038] Among them, the simulated generator model is a semi-physical simulation model pre-constructed based on the electromagnetic transient characteristics, rotor motion equations, and electromagnetic inertia of the excitation winding of the real generator. It is used to accurately simulate the dynamic response behavior of the real generator under various operating conditions in the hybrid simulation domain, including key electrical and mechanical quantities such as output voltage, stator current, rotor speed, power angle, and excitation voltage.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model also includes an exciter model, which is used to convert the excitation signal received by the simulation model device into a signal form that can be accepted by the simulation generator model.

[0040] When the simulated generator model is running, it performs iterative calculations in discrete time steps. Within each simulation cycle, based on the current excitation signal (such as the excitation voltage / current provided by the excitation regulator to be tested) and load conditions, it dynamically calculates the corresponding real-time analog data on the generator side. In an optional embodiment, the real-time analog data on the generator side includes at least one of the continuously changing electrical parameters such as the instantaneous or effective value of the three-phase voltage at the generator terminals, the stator three-phase current, the active power of the excitation current, the reactive power, the rotor speed or frequency, the power angle, and the feedback voltage of the excitation winding, and is output externally in the form of analog electrical signals to form the corresponding analog data. Through the above design, the simulated generator model can provide a highly realistic and controllable virtual generator environment for the debugging, testing, and qualification determination of the excitation regulator to be tested without connecting a real generator, which reduces testing costs and safety risks, and improves test coverage and repeatability.

[0041] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model device includes a simulated power grid model, which is used to simulate the operating characteristics of the power grid and generates real-time analog data of the power grid side during operation.

[0042] The simulated power grid model is a semi-physical simulation model pre-constructed based on the physical characteristics of the actual power system, such as network topology, transmission line parameters, power source characteristics, and load distribution. Its core function is to simulate the electrical behavior of the real power grid under various operating conditions from dimensions such as voltage stability, frequency dynamic characteristics, and short-circuit capacity. Specifically, the simulated power grid model integrates a set of differential-algebraic equations describing the transient and steady-state behavior of the power grid, including node voltage equations, line impedance characteristics, static and dynamic load models, output regulation characteristics of equivalent power sources, and the power grid inertia response mechanism. This enables it to accurately reproduce the electrical output characteristics of the real power grid under different scenarios such as no-load, loaded, grid-connected, disturbances (such as load switching or short-circuit faults), and islanded operation.

[0043] When the simulated power grid model runs, it performs iterative calculations in discrete time steps. Within each simulation cycle, it dynamically calculates the corresponding real-time analog data of the power grid side based on the current system state and boundary conditions (such as power exchange from the simulated generator model or external injection). In an optional embodiment, the real-time analog data of the power grid side includes at least one of the following continuously changing electrical parameters: instantaneous or effective values ​​of the three-phase voltage of the power grid, power grid frequency, current of each feeder, active power, reactive power, short-circuit capacity at the point of common coupling, voltage sag depth, harmonic distortion rate, and phase angle. These parameters are output as analog electrical signals to form the corresponding analog data. Furthermore, the simulated power grid model can be configured to operate in various preset modes, including a high-capacity rigid power grid mode, a weak power grid mode, and a dynamic power grid mode with renewable energy fluctuations, to simulate the power grid support environment under different intensities and characteristics. Through the above design, the simulated power grid model can provide a realistic and repeatable power grid simulation environment for the excitation regulator to be debugged without connecting to the real power grid or high-voltage test power supply, thereby effectively reducing the risk of on-site debugging and shortening the test cycle.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model device includes a simulation load model; the simulation load model is used to simulate the load operating characteristics; the simulation load model generates real-time analog data on the load side during operation.

[0045] The simulated load model is a virtual load device model pre-constructed based on the physical characteristics, electrical parameters, and dynamic response behavior of real power loads. Its core function is to simulate the operating characteristics of various actual loads under grid-connected or islanded generator operation from dimensions such as power absorption characteristics, impedance characteristics, and nonlinear load characteristics. Specifically, the simulated load model integrates mathematical equations and parameter configuration modules describing various load types, including but not limited to: constant impedance load models (resistive, inductive, capacitive, and their combinations), constant current load models, constant power load models, and static load models with voltage and frequency dependence. In addition, dynamic load models simulating motor starting processes, nonlinear load models containing harmonic sources, and time-varying load models simulating impulsive loads can be configured to meet the diverse needs of load characteristics under different test scenarios.

[0046] Once the simulated load model is triggered and started by the running module or simulation scheduling unit, it performs iterative calculations in discrete time steps. Within each simulation cycle, based on boundary conditions such as the voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase of the current connection point, it dynamically calculates the corresponding real-time analog load data. The real-time analog load data includes at least the following continuously changing electrical and mechanical parameters: the active and reactive power absorbed by the load, the instantaneous and effective values ​​of the load current, the voltage drop at the load end, the power factor, the harmonic current content, the load torque (for dynamic load models), and the power curve of the load over time.

[0047] Furthermore, the simulated load model is interconnected with the simulated power grid model and the simulated generator model through electrical nodes, and can be configured to operate in multiple connection modes: In grid-connected test mode, the simulated load model is connected in parallel to the common connection point of the simulated power grid model to simulate the operation scenario of the generator supplying power to the load after grid connection; in islanded test mode, the simulated load model is directly connected to the generator terminal of the simulated generator model to simulate the generator's ability to operate independently with load after disconnection from the main power grid. By configuring the parameter type, capacity, and switching sequence of the simulated load model, the simulation system can simulate various complex operating conditions, from light load and rated load to overload, from balanced load to unbalanced load, and from linear load to nonlinear rectified load. This provides a comprehensive testing and verification environment for the excitation regulator and speed controller under test to evaluate their steady-state regulation accuracy, dynamic response characteristics, and disturbance rejection capability under different load conditions, thereby effectively assessing their control performance and reliability under real load changes.

[0048] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model device includes a simulation synchronizing device model; the simulation synchronizing device model is used to simulate the function of a real synchronizing device; the simulation synchronizing device model generates real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side during operation, and closes / opens the grid connection switch at appropriate times; the real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side includes adjustment commands for adjusting generator operating parameters.

[0049] The simulated synchronizing device model is a pre-built semi-physical simulation model based on the core functions of the real synchronizing device, such as voltage difference detection, frequency difference detection, phase angle detection, and closing logic control. Its core function is to simulate the automatic or manual synchronizing tasks performed by the real synchronizing device during generator grid connection operations. Specifically, during operation, the simulated synchronizing device model collects real-time analog data from the generator side of the simulated generator model and real-time analog data from the grid side of the simulated grid model, and continuously compares and judges them based on preset synchronization parameter thresholds (such as allowable voltage difference, allowable frequency difference, allowable phase angle difference, and advance closing time). When the simulated synchronizing device model determines that the voltage difference, frequency difference, and phase angle difference between the generator side and the grid side all meet the closing conditions, it outputs a closing command at an appropriate time to simulate the closing operation, closing the preset grid connection switch (also known as the circuit breaker model) in the simulation system; conversely, when disconnection is required, the simulated synchronizing device model generates a disconnection command to simulate a tripping operation, disconnecting the grid connection switch. The real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side includes not only status quantities such as voltage difference signal, frequency difference signal, phase angle difference signal, and closing permission flag between the generator side and the grid side, but more importantly, it also includes adjustment commands for adjusting generator operating parameters. Specifically, the adjustment commands can be expressed as speed-up / speed-down pulse commands, voltage-up / voltage-down pulse commands, or continuous adjustment signals to increase or decrease active / reactive power. These are used to adjust the speed and voltage of the generator before grid connection to reduce the difference between the two sides to be connected so that they meet the synchronization conditions.

[0050] In this embodiment, the feedback module is also used to feed the adjustment command back to the excitation regulator to be debugged through the drive board; the excitation regulator to be debugged is also used to generate a corresponding excitation signal according to the adjustment command.

[0051] Specifically, the input of the feedback module is connected to the output of the simulated synchronizing device model, used to receive the adjustment commands generated by the simulated synchronizing device model in real time during the synchronization discrimination process. The output of the feedback module is connected to the drive board corresponding to the excitation regulator under test. When the feedback module receives the adjustment command, it performs necessary protocol conversion, level matching, or signal conditioning on the command, and feeds it back to the excitation regulator under test through the drive board. Correspondingly, after receiving the adjustment command from the drive board, the excitation regulator under test immediately parses the adjustment target contained in the command (e.g., increasing the excitation current to increase the generator terminal voltage, or decreasing the excitation current to decrease the generator terminal voltage), and dynamically generates an excitation signal corresponding to the adjustment command according to the internally preset PID control strategy or fuzzy regulation rules. The excitation signal is sent to the receiving module through the drive board. The receiving module transmits the excitation signal to the operating module. The operating module uses the excitation signal as the input of the simulated generator model, thereby driving the simulated generator model to adjust its generator terminal voltage and reactive power output, gradually reducing the voltage difference, frequency difference, and phase angle difference between the generator and the grid until the synchronization closing conditions are met. Through the complete closed loop described above—"simulation of regulation command generation by the synchronizing device model—feedback module forwarding—drive board adaptation—excitation regulator under test responding and outputting excitation signal—simulated generator model executing regulation"—the simulation system realizes the full-process simulation of automatic quasi-synchronous regulation and grid connection operation in a virtual environment. It does not require connection to real synchronizing devices and high-voltage primary equipment, and can comprehensively verify the response speed, regulation accuracy, and grid connection logic correctness of the excitation regulator under test when working in conjunction with the synchronizing device. Thus, it provides a highly realistic and safe and controllable simulation test environment for the factory testing, functional verification, and qualification determination of the excitation regulator.

[0052] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one simulation model also includes a simulation speed governor model; the simulation speed governor model is used to simulate the function of a real speed governor.

[0053] Among them, the simulated speed governor model is a semi-physical simulation model pre-constructed based on the core functional characteristics of the real speed governor, such as speed detection, frequency deviation amplification, actuator response and prime mover torque output. Its core function is to simulate the automatic adjustment of the prime mover speed or active power output of the simulated generator model before, after and during load disturbances of the simulated generator model.

[0054] Specifically, during operation, the simulated speed governor model acquires real-time analog data from the generator side of the simulated generator model. This data includes at least the generator rotor speed or frequency signal, and a grid frequency reference signal from the simulated grid model. The measured speed is compared with the rated speed (e.g., 3000 r / min or 1500 r / min corresponding to 50 Hz) to obtain the speed deviation. The simulated speed governor model integrates a proportional-integral-derivative control loop or a more advanced speed control algorithm, an electro-hydraulic servo mechanism model, and an actuator saturation and dead-zone characteristic model. When the detected frequency deviation exceeds the preset unequal rate dead-zone range, the simulated speed governor model dynamically calculates the corresponding prime mover mechanical power setpoint or opening control signal according to the magnitude and direction of the deviation and a preset adjustment law. It then simulates the action sequence of the speed governor actuator and outputs the prime mover mechanical power setpoint or opening control signal to the mechanical power input terminal of the simulated generator model. This adjusts the rotor speed and active power output of the simulated generator model, restoring its frequency to near the rated value or tracking grid frequency changes. Through the above design, the simulated speed governor model, the simulated generator model, the simulated excitation regulator model, and the simulated synchronizing device model work together to form a complete "mechanical-electrical-regulatory" integrated simulation environment. This provides accurate, controllable, and repeatable virtual speed governor support for the functional testing and qualification judgment of the excitation regulator to be tested and the entire generator set control system under operating conditions such as frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, secondary frequency regulation, and load distribution.

[0055] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A generator semi-physical real-time simulation system, characterized in that, include: Simulation model device, driver board, and excitation regulator to be debugged; The simulation model device is connected to the excitation regulator to be debugged via the drive board; The simulation model device includes: a storage module, a receiving module, a running module, and a feedback module; The storage module stores at least one simulation model; the at least one simulation model is used to simulate a real generator system. The receiving module is used to receive the interaction information between the driver board and the excitation regulator to be debugged; the interaction information includes at least the excitation signal; The running module is used to run each of the simulation models so that each simulation model can perform simulation experiments based on the interaction information and generate real-time analog data. The feedback module is used to feed the real-time analog data back to the excitation regulator to be debugged through the drive board. The excitation regulator to be debugged is used to generate an excitation signal based on the real-time analog data and send it to the receiving module through the driver board.

2. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interactive information also includes control commands; The driver board is also used to send the received control commands to the receiving module.

3. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Host computer; The host computer is connected to the excitation regulator to be debugged; The host computer is used to acquire and display the real-time analog data through the excitation regulator to be debugged.

4. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The host computer is also used to: determine whether the excitation regulator to be debugged is qualified based on the real-time analog data.

5. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one of the simulation models includes a simulated generator model; The simulated generator model is used to simulate the function of a real generator; the simulated generator model generates real-time analog data on the generator side during operation.

6. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The real-time analog data on the generator side includes at least one of the following analog data: generator terminal three-phase voltage analog data, stator three-phase current analog data, and excitation current analog data.

7. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one of the simulation model devices includes a simulated power grid model; The simulated power grid model is used to simulate the operating characteristics of the power grid; the simulated power grid model generates real-time simulated data on the power grid side during operation.

8. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The real-time analog data on the power grid side includes at least one of the following: three-phase voltage analog data, power grid frequency analog data, and phase angle analog data.

9. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one of the simulation model devices includes a simulation synchronization device model; The simulated synchronizing device model is used to simulate the function of a real synchronizing device; the simulated synchronizing device model generates real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side during operation, and closes / opens the grid connection switch at appropriate times; the real-time analog data on the synchronizing device side includes adjustment commands for adjusting generator operating parameters; The feedback module is also used to feed the adjustment command back to the excitation regulator to be adjusted through the drive board; The excitation regulator to be debugged is also used to generate a corresponding excitation signal according to the adjustment command.

10. The generator semi-physical real-time simulation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least one of the simulation models further includes a simulation speed governor model; The simulated speed controller model is used to simulate the function of a real speed controller.

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