Multi-channel non-destructive rapid burning tooling

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-channel lossless fast burning tool, belong to the technical field of production and processing of micro optical module.The tool includes tool base, adjustable integral compression component, multiple high-precision spring needle burning module, multi-channel signal line group, intelligent switching external integration module (A) and host computer.Tool base is equipped with adjustable whole board positioning limiting groove, integral compression component is equipped with with whole board PCBA station one-to-one corresponding compression station and inlay spring needle module;Multi-channel signal line is connected to intelligent switching module, module is built-in high-speed multi-channel analog switch and single-chip microcomputer, and can automatically poll switching burning channel.The application does not need to tailor whole board PCBA, by integral flexible compression and multi-channel automatic switching, realizes the lossless fast batch burning of whole board multi-station, completely eliminates pin damage, greatly improves burning efficiency and alignment accuracy, and has strong versatility, adapts to the automated mass production demand of multiple specifications products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of micro optical module manufacturing and processing technology, specifically involving a non-destructive and rapid programming fixture suitable for whole PCBA boards, capable of adaptive switching of multiple quantities and multiple channels synchronously. It is mainly used in batch production processes such as program programming, firmware upgrades, and parameter writing of micro optical module PCBA circuit boards. Background Technology

[0002] Miniature optical modules are core components of optical communication equipment. Their internal PCBA circuit boards are highly integrated and structurally precise, with tiny, narrowly spaced programming pins, requiring extremely high precision in programming and connection, as well as operational stability. Currently, the industry commonly uses a manual, one-by-one programming method for miniature optical module PCBAs. This process has numerous defects, severely restricting production efficiency and product yield. Existing mainstream programming processes are mainly divided into two types, both with significant technical drawbacks: 1. Single-board splitting and manual programming process: During production, the multi-station PCBA connected as a whole board must first be manually cut and split into individual PCBAs. After obtaining individual PCBAs, the operator holds the individual board and manually aligns it with the pins of the programming fixture for programming. After programming a single board is completed, the next board is manually replaced. This method relies entirely on manual operation, which is cumbersome and has extremely low work efficiency, making it unsuitable for mass production needs. At the same time, because the pins of the PCBA are small and densely packed, manual alignment is prone to problems such as misalignment, incorrect pins, loose connections, and overvoltage pins, which directly lead to programming failure, abnormal program writing, and even pin bending, detachment, and circuit board damage, resulting in a high product defect rate. 2. Whole-board separate pressing and programming process: Some manufacturers use simple fixtures for programming on whole PCBA boards without cutting. However, these fixtures lack an overall matching and positioning structure, and are only equipped with a single set of independent pressing blocks and programming pins. During the programming process, each PCBA station on the whole board must be manually aligned, pressed, and programmed individually. After each station is completed, the pressing block is manually disassembled, replaced, and the process switches to the next station, requiring manual switching throughout the entire process. Although this method eliminates the need for pre-cutting of the PCBA, the repeated disassembly and reassembly of pressing blocks and manual alignment and switching are complex, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, with limited improvement in production efficiency. Furthermore, repeated alignment and pressing operations can easily cause wear, deformation, oxidation, and poor contact of PCBA pins. Long-term operation will significantly increase the product scrap rate. In addition, excessive manual intervention results in poor consistency and makes automated batch programming impossible.

[0003] In summary, existing programming fixtures and processes suffer from core technical defects such as poor adaptability, low versatility, high dependence on manual labor, cumbersome operation, easy damage to PCB pins, low programming error tolerance, and inability to automatically switch between batch programming. Currently, the industry lacks a dedicated fixture that can adapt to any number of complete PCBA boards, requires no cutting, automatically switches between multiple channels, is non-destructive throughout the process, and enables rapid batch programming, making it difficult to meet the production needs of large-scale, high-precision, and high-yield micro optical modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a multi-channel, non-destructive, rapid programming fixture, solving the technical problems of cumbersome manual operation, easy alignment errors, pin damage, inability to automatically switch programming across entire boards, and poor fixture versatility in the existing micro-optical module PCBA programming process. This invention is adaptable to PCBAs with varying numbers of workstations, eliminating the need for pre-cutting and disassembling of the board. It achieves simultaneous and precise alignment across multiple workstations and automatic switching programming across multiple channels, with no repeated manual intervention throughout the process. This significantly improves programming efficiency and alignment accuracy, completely eliminating problems such as incorrect pins, pin damage, and programming failures caused by manual operation, and is suitable for mass production of micro-optical modules.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention designs a multi-channel lossless rapid programming fixture, such as... Figure 1 As shown. Its core components include: a tooling base, an adjustable overall pressing assembly, multiple sets of high-precision spring pin programming modules, multiple signal line groups, an intelligent switching external integration module (A), data transmission harnesses, and a host computer. The overall structure is compatible with uncut PCBA boards and can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of PCBA workstations, enabling multi-channel automatic polling and continuous non-destructive programming.

[0006] Overall structural layout: The bottom of the tooling is a fixed tooling base, such as... Figure 2 As shown. The surface of the fixture base is equipped with a full-board positioning and limiting groove. The size of the limiting groove can be adaptively and finely adjusted according to different specifications and the number of micro optical module PCBAs with different workstations. Uncut complete PCBAs can be placed directly without manual disassembly or cutting, achieving one-time positioning and fixation of the entire board. A corresponding integrated pressure block assembly is set on the top of the fixture base. The number of workstations, positioning spacing, and layout size of the integrated pressure block assembly correspond precisely to the PCBA workstations on the base. Pressure block workstations can be modularly added or removed according to the number of PCBA workstations to adapt to different product specifications.

[0007] like Figure 3As shown, the overall pressure block assembly integrates N independent high-precision spring pin programming modules. The number of pins and their arrangement in each spring pin module match the programming pins of a single PCBA, ensuring precise point-to-point connection. Each spring pin module is independently connected to a dedicated signal line, and the number of programming pins in a single PCBA module matches the number of corresponding signal lines. Figure 4 As shown, all signal lines are uniformly connected to the intelligent switching external integration module (A) below, which establishes a communication connection with the host computer through a dedicated data transmission line.

[0008] Detailed structure of core components: 1. Fixture Base and Positioning Structure: The fixture base is made of high-strength, insulating, and anti-static material to prevent electrostatic discharge from damaging components and causing short circuits during the programming process. The base surface features self-adjusting adjustable limit slots equipped with fine-tuning positioning bolts and scales. These slots allow for rapid adjustment of the limit spacing to accommodate different lengths and quantities of PCBA boards, achieving gapless and precise positioning of the entire PCBA and eliminating board misalignment and misalignment. The base employs a planar load-bearing design, fully conforming to the back of the entire PCBA board to ensure uniform stress on the board during programming and prevent deformation damage. 2. Integrated Adjustable Press Block Assembly: The entire press block features an integrated structure made of flexible, buffered, and anti-static material. It can be modularly assembled to suit the number of PCBA workstations, supporting any N-station specification. Each workstation corresponds to an independent flexible buffer pressing area, with a built-in micro-buffer spring. A flexible, uniform pressing method is used to achieve non-destructive pressing and positioning. Each workstation has an embedded high-precision telescopic spring pin module. The spring pins are made of gold-plated, wear-resistant material, offering excellent conductivity, high telescopic accuracy, and good rebound consistency. The telescopic stroke of the spring pins is precisely calibrated to adapt to the shallow-depth mating requirements of micro-PINs, ensuring stable contact and preventing excessive pressure that could damage the PINs. 3. Multiple Independent Signal Line Groups: For each spring pin module at each workstation, a dedicated shielded signal line is independently configured. Each signal line corresponds one-to-one with a single spring pin, achieving independent signal transmission at a single point and avoiding crosstalk between multiple signals. All signal lines are integrated and bundled, with an outer insulating shielding layer. One end is soldered to the tail of the corresponding spring pin, and the other end is neatly connected to the internal wiring terminal of the intelligent switching external integrated module (A). 4. Intelligent Switching External Integration Module (A): This is the core functional module for automatic switching and burning of this invention, replacing the traditional manual switching operation mode. Its specific internal structure is as follows: 1) Multi-channel signal acquisition terminal block: The module input end is equipped with an expandable multi-channel terminal block, which supports the access of N workstation signal lines, realizing the centralized acquisition and standardized access of all workstation programming signals. 2) High-speed multi-channel analog switch switching chip: Equipped with a multi-channel high-speed analog switch array, the number of channels matches the maximum number of compatible workstations, supports independent conduction of single channels and polling switching of multiple channels, with a switching delay of less than milliseconds, and has functions such as channel anti-crosstalk, overcurrent protection and electrostatic protection. 3) Embedded microcontroller control unit: Built-in microcontroller (MCU) with pre-programmed automatic polling control program, which can control multiple analog switches to automatically switch the conduction channels in sequence. It supports three modes: single-station independent programming, multi-station sequential polling programming, and designated station fixed-point programming. 4) Signal isolation and voltage regulation circuit: Each channel is independently equipped with an opto-isolation module and a voltage regulation filter circuit, which can filter circuit noise, stabilize transmission voltage, and eliminate crosstalk and short circuit risks between workstations. 5) Data transmission interface and communication module: The module is externally configured with multiple communication interfaces such as standard USB, serial port and network port, which can be flexibly connected to the host computer to realize bidirectional data transmission. 6) Status indication and fault alarm module: The module surface is equipped with indicator lights and buzzers for the corresponding workstations. Green light indicates that the burning is complete, red light indicates that the burning is abnormal, and the buzzer will sound when all are completed, which can accurately locate the abnormal workstation. 5. Host computer control system: The host computer is equipped with matching programming control software, which can identify the workstation signals transmitted by the module (A), display the programming progress and status of each workstation in real time, and support batch one-click start programming, automatic polling switching, data storage and other functions.

[0009] like Figure 5 As shown, the overall workflow is as follows: 1. Preliminary positioning and adaptation: Based on the number of workstations for the complete PCBA to be programmed, fine-tune the adaptation dimensions of the fixture base limiting groove and the overall pressing block assembly, and place the uncut complete PCBA directly into the positioning groove of the fixture base for fixation. 2. Non-destructive pressing and alignment: The entire pressing block assembly is pressed down at a uniform speed, and non-destructive pressing is achieved through a flexible buffer structure. Each set of spring pins makes precise point-to-point contact with the corresponding PCBA station's programming pins. 3. Device connection and startup: Connect module (A) to the host computer, start the programming control software, import the program to be programmed, and set the polling programming parameters. 4. Automatic multi-channel polling programming: The host computer issues a programming command, and the microcontroller inside module (A) controls multiple analog switches to sequentially turn on each station channel, prioritizing the programming of the first station. After the programming of a single station is completed, the system automatically cuts off the current channel and switches to the next station channel, and so on, until all stations on the board are programmed. 5. Complete unloading: After all programming is completed, module (A) issues a completion prompt, the host computer records the programming data, lifts the entire pressure block, and directly removes the complete PCBA board, which can then proceed to the next process.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: it achieves non-destructive programming of the entire board, eliminating pin damage; it automatically switches between multiple channels, increasing production efficiency by 3-8 times; it has strong versatility and is compatible with multiple product specifications; it has accurate alignment and a high programming success rate; it has stable signals and strong anti-interference capabilities; and it has a high degree of automation, significantly reducing labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-channel lossless rapid programming fixture of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the intermediate tooling base and the entire PCBA board.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall arrangement of the pressure block assembly and the spring needle module of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the internal hardware structure of the externally integrated module A of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the multi-channel automatic switching programming process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This embodiment provides a 16-station multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture, adapted for 16-station full-board micro optical module PCBA programming operations. The specific implementation structure and process are as follows: 1. Tooling assembly: The tooling base is made of anti-static insulating material. The base has an adjustable positioning groove to fit the dimensions of the 16-station PCBA. The base is matched with a 16-station integrated pressure block. The spacing and arrangement of the 16 stations of the pressure block correspond to the 16 stations of the PCBA. Each station has a set of gold-plated spring pin modules that match the pins of the micro optical modules. 2. Circuit Integration and Layout: 16 sets of spring pin modules are independently connected to the corresponding number of shielded signal lines. All signal lines are uniformly connected to the 16-channel signal acquisition terminal block of the intelligent switching external integrated module (A). Module (A) internally carries a 16-channel high-speed analog switch chip and an STM8 series microcontroller control unit. Each channel is independently configured with opto-isolation and voltage regulation filtering circuits. Externally, it is equipped with a USB communication interface, status indicator lights, and a buzzer. 3. Equipment Debugging and Adaptation: Place the 16-station uncut PCBA board into the positioning slot of the fixture base, and fine-tune the positioning bolts to achieve precise positioning; control the overall pressure block to press down at a uniform speed, and achieve flexible pressing through the buffer structure. The spring pins make precise conductive contact with the PCBA programming pins without squeezing damage. Connect module (A) to the host computer via USB cable, start the programming control software, and complete the equipment communication debugging and channel calibration. 4. Batch Automatic Programming: The host computer imports the firmware program to be programmed and initiates batch programming with a single click. The microcontroller control system of module (A) sequentially polls and activates the analog switch channels, automatically switching between stations 1 to 16 for programming. After programming at a single station is completed, it automatically jumps to the next station, requiring no manual operation throughout the process. When programming at all 16 stations is complete, the buzzer of module (A) sounds an alarm, and the host computer displays that programming is complete. After lifting the pressure block, the complete PCBA board can be directly removed, completing the batch programming operation. 5. Adaptation and Expansion: When it is necessary to replace it with other specifications of PCBA such as 8-station PCBA, only the size of the base positioning slot needs to be slightly adjusted, and the number of pressure block station modules and module (A) access channels can be increased accordingly, so as to quickly adapt without replacing the entire set of tooling.

[0017] The tooling in this embodiment can achieve non-destructive, non-cutting, fully automatic multi-channel batch programming of the entire PCBA board. It has high programming accuracy, good stability, and no pin damage. The production efficiency is more than 8 times higher than that of traditional manual single-board programming, which fully meets the high-precision and high-efficiency production requirements of mass production of micro optical modules.

Claims

1. A multi-channel lossless rapid programming fixture, characterized in that, include: The fixture base has a positioning and limiting groove on its upper surface for placing and positioning the uncut PCBA board; an adjustable integral pressing assembly is correspondingly set above the fixture base, with multiple pressing stations corresponding one-to-one with multiple PCBA stations on the PCBA board, and each pressing station is equipped with a high-precision spring pin programming module, the probe arrangement of each spring pin programming module matching one-to-one with the programming pins of the corresponding individual PCBA; a multi-channel signal line group is connected one-to-one with the spring pin programming module; and an intelligent switching external integrated module (A) includes a multi-channel signal acquisition terminal block, a high-speed multi-channel analog switch switching chip, and an embedded single-chip microcontroller control unit. The multi-channel signal acquisition terminal block is connected to all the signal line groups for centralized access to each programming signal; each channel of the high-speed multi-channel analog switch switching chip corresponds to each of the pressing stations. The embedded microcontroller control unit is used to control the high-speed multi-channel analog switch switching chip to automatically switch and conduct the signal channels corresponding to different pressing stations in a preset order; the intelligent switching external integration module (A) is also provided with a data transmission interface for data transmission with the host computer.

2. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base has an adaptive adjustable positioning groove for the entire board, and is equipped with fine-tuning positioning bolts and scales to adapt to the entire PCBA of different specifications and sizes and different number of workstations.

3. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable integral pressing assembly has a modular combination structure, and the number of its pressing stations can be increased or decreased according to the number of stations of the entire PCBA to adapt to any N-station specification.

4. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The adjustable integral pressing assembly is made of flexible buffer anti-static material. Each pressing station is equipped with an independent flexible buffer pressing area, and the pressing area has a built-in micro buffer spring to achieve non-destructive flexible pressing.

5. The multi-channel lossless rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-precision spring pin programming module uses gold-plated wear-resistant spring pins and has a precisely calibrated extension stroke to adapt to the shallow depth of the micro programming pins.

6. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each signal line in the multi-channel signal line group is an independently shielded signal line and is connected one-to-one to a single spring pin to achieve independent signal transmission at a single point; all signal lines are wrapped with an insulating shielding layer and are housed in an integrated ribbon cable arrangement.

7. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inside the intelligent switching external integration module (A), each signal channel is also independently configured with an opto-isolation module and a voltage stabilizing filter circuit to isolate interference and stabilize signal transmission.

8. The multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming fixture according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The intelligent switching external integration module (A) also includes a status indication and fault alarm module. The module is equipped with status indicator lights corresponding to each workstation channel and a buzzer to indicate that the burning is complete. The data transmission interface includes at least one of a USB interface, a serial port, and a network port.

9. The multi-channel lossless rapid programming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the tooling base and the main body of the adjustable integral pressing assembly are made of high-strength insulating and anti-static material.

10. A multi-channel non-destructive rapid programming method based on the tooling described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the number and size of the PCBA to be programmed, adjust the positioning and limiting groove of the fixture base and the number of matching stations of the overall pressing assembly, and place the uncut PCBA in the positioning and limiting groove to complete the positioning. Step 2: Control the overall pressing assembly to press down at a uniform speed. Through the flexible buffer structure of each pressing station, the high-precision spring pin programming module and the corresponding PCBA programming pin can achieve damage-free and precise alignment and contact. Step 3: Connect the intelligent switching external integration module (A) to the host computer through its data transmission interface, start the burning control software and import the program to be burned; Step 4: The host computer sends an automatic programming command. The embedded microcontroller control unit in the intelligent switching external integration module (A) controls the high-speed multi-channel analog switch switching chip to sequentially turn on each station channel in a preset order, program the PCBA corresponding to the currently turned-on station, and automatically cut off and switch to the next station channel after the current station programming is completed. This process is repeated until all stations on the board are programmed. Step 5: After all workstations have completed the programming, the intelligent switching external integration module (A) issues a completion prompt, raises the overall pressing assembly, and removes the programmed PCBA board.

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