An integrated engineering design integrated collaborative system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of architectural design, and more particularly to an integrated engineering design integrated collaborative system, which collects the multi-control point modeling deviation parameters of the target special-shaped building curtain wall, and accordingly divides the curtain wall into different types of partitions; combined with the overall modeling and structural load, generates a parameterized keel system and integrated skin unit suitable for each partition; through interface parameter matching, the two are fused to form an integrated curtain wall module; for the transition area of the special-shaped curved surface, the node is layered and disassembled to establish an integrated installation reference layer; the module is positioned and assembled on the reference layer to build a finished curtain wall system and complete the overall debugging and verification. This method realizes the whole-process integrated collaboration from data collection, modular generation to accurate installation, effectively solves the problems of disconnection between keel and skin, complex curved surface construction difficulty and other problems in traditional design, and significantly improves the installation accuracy, structural safety and construction efficiency of the special-shaped curtain wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of architectural design technology, and in particular to an integrated collaborative system for engineering design. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern architectural design, irregularly shaped buildings have become an important form of urban landmarks due to their unique aesthetic appeal and spatial expression. As the outer garment of irregularly shaped buildings, curtain walls present far greater design and construction challenges than conventional flat buildings. Traditional curtain wall projects for irregularly shaped buildings typically employ a model that separates the frame design from the facade design. This means that first, structural engineers design the frame system based on stress analysis, then architectural designers or curtain wall consultants independently design the facade panels and partitions, and finally, assembly takes place during the construction phase.

[0003] However, this fragmented design and implementation model reveals several significant flaws when faced with complex and varied irregular curved surfaces: First, due to the lack of integrated parameter coordination, the node positions of the keel system often fail to perfectly match the joints of the skin unit, resulting in numerous dimensional deviations and forced adaptations during on-site installation. This not only increases construction difficulty but also severely affects the overall visual effect and flatness of the building facade. Second, for transition areas of irregular curved surfaces with drastic curvature changes, traditional methods lack a refined node layering and disassembly mechanism, which can easily lead to stress concentration or connection failure, posing significant structural safety hazards. Third, existing technologies are slow to respond when dealing with deviations between the actual shape data collected on-site and the design model, making it difficult to achieve dynamic parameterized correction, resulting in high rework rates, serious material waste, and uncontrollable construction periods.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an integrated engineering design and collaborative system, which aims to solve the technical problems of low installation matching, structural hazards, and low construction efficiency caused by the disconnect between the keel and the skin design, the lack of refined treatment of curved transition areas, and the lack of dynamic parameter coordination mechanisms in existing irregular building curtain wall technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an integrated collaborative system for engineering design, the system comprising: The curtain wall division module is used to collect parameters from multiple control points of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point, and divide the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall partitions based on the architectural shape deviation parameters. The component generation module is used to generate parameterized keel systems and integrated skin units that are adapted to the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular building. The fusion module is used to match and fuse the parameterized keel system with the integrated skin unit through interface parameter matching to obtain an integrated curtain wall module for the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions; The region identification module is used to identify the irregular curved transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall, and to perform node layering and disassembly processing on the irregular curved transition area to obtain the integrated installation reference layer of the target irregular curtain wall. The assembly and verification module is used to position and assemble the integrated curtain wall module on the integrated installation reference layer to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building, and to perform overall debugging and verification of the finished curtain wall system.

[0007] Optionally, the step of collecting parameters from multiple control points on the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall to obtain architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point includes: Representative analysis units are selected within the curtain wall area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, wherein each analysis unit includes a planar curtain wall area and an irregular curved curtain wall area; According to the preset grid accuracy distribution principle, detection control points are arranged in the analysis unit, and the on-site solid modeling parameters of each control point are collected; The deviation between the collected on-site physical shape parameters and the design shape parameters is calculated to obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point.

[0008] Optionally, dividing the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall zones based on the building shape deviation parameters includes: The architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point are compared with the preset allowable deviation threshold range; Based on the comparison results and the structural stress requirements and dominant factors of the facade effect of the target irregular building, the curtain wall of the target irregular building is divided into different types of areas; Identify the spatial boundary parameter information of the different types of regions, and perform supplementary control point re-measurement on the different types of regions based on the spatial boundary parameter information to obtain different types of irregular curtain wall partitions.

[0009] Optionally, the parameterized keel system and integrated skin unit adapted to the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions are generated based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular building, including: The stress level of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions is determined based on the structural load parameters, and the structural load-bearing optimization direction of the keel is determined based on the stress level. According to the structural load-bearing optimization direction, a suitable standardized keel component is matched from the preset keel component library; Before assembly, the interface compatibility of the matched standardized keel components is verified. The standardized keel components that pass the interface compatibility verification are parametrically adjusted and modeled to obtain a parametric keel system for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. Based on the facade effect parameters and energy-saving requirements of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions of the target irregular building, the performance supplementation requirements of the skin unit are determined, and the basic skin profile is selected based on the shape curvature parameters of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. The parameter ratio of the basic skin profile is adjusted according to the performance supplement requirements, and the parameter-adjusted basic skin profile is subjected to parameterized mold opening preprocessing to obtain the initial skin unit. The initial skin unit is subjected to interface tolerance adjustment, and the adjusted skin unit is subjected to load and performance testing to obtain an integrated skin unit.

[0010] Optionally, the interface compatibility verification of the matched standardized keel components before assembly includes: The interface dimensional tolerances of the standardized keel components are analyzed using BIM modeling and parametric measurement, and the deviation range of each component in the standardized keel components is determined based on the interface dimensional tolerances. Finite element analysis was used to quantify the load-sharing effect of each splicing node in the standardized keel component on the overall structural load, and the splicing synergy effect between different components was verified based on the load-sharing effect and the deviation range. If the splicing and coordination effect does not meet the preset standard, adjust the parameter modification amount of each component, and return to the step of using BIM modeling to analyze the interface size tolerance of the standardized keel component until the splicing and coordination effect meets the preset standard. For standardized keel components whose splicing and coordination effects meet preset standards, collision detection is used to analyze the spatial positional relationship between the standardized keel components that meet preset standards and pipelines and main structure. Based on the spatial positional relationship, the interference with the main structure and internal and external pipelines during the splicing process is determined. The deformation and stress distribution of the overall keel system after the standardized keel components conforming to the preset standards are analyzed, and the installation and adaptation characteristics of the keel system are analyzed based on the interference and the deformation and stress distribution. Standardized keel components that meet the splicing and coordination requirements and have excellent installation and adaptation features are considered qualified keel components for compatibility verification.

[0011] Optionally, the step of matching and fusing the parameterized keel system with the integrated skin unit through interface parameters to obtain integrated curtain wall modules for the different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions includes: Analyze the interface positioning parameters between the parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit; The parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit are pre-assembled and matched according to the interface positioning parameters. Based on the optimization system of the preset parametric integrated design, the optimized installation conditions for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions are determined, and the tolerance parameters in the pre-assembly process are optimized and adjusted using the optimized installation conditions to obtain the integrated assembly result. Based on the integrated assembly results, integrated curtain wall modules are generated for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions.

[0012] Optionally, identifying the irregular curved surface transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall includes: Detect the curvature and rate of change of shape in the area of ​​each control point; When the rate of curvature change of the curved transition area in the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is greater than the rate of curvature change of the conventional curved area and the shape deviation of the curved transition area is greater than the shape deviation of the conventional curved area, it is marked as a potential irregular-shaped curved transition area. Three-dimensional scanning cross-sectional analysis was performed on the potential irregular curved surface transition region to obtain the surface gradient thickness data; The threshold for determining the transition region of the irregular curved surface is determined based on the curvature change rate, the shape deviation, and the surface gradient thickness data. Based on the aforementioned judgment threshold, each region of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is judged one by one to obtain the irregular curved surface transition region.

[0013] Optionally, the step of performing node-by-node decomposition processing on the irregular curved surface transition area to obtain an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall includes: Based on the gradual thickness of the irregular curved surface transition region, the disassembly depth is divided into different levels of node hierarchy; The irregular curved surface transition region is divided into different node regions according to different node levels; The different node regions are subjected to benchmark positioning decomposition processing to obtain benchmark positioning units corresponding to different node regions; By integrating and calibrating the reference positioning units corresponding to different node areas, an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall is obtained.

[0014] Optionally, the step of assembling the integrated curtain wall module on the integrated installation reference layer to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular-shaped building, and performing overall debugging and verification of the finished curtain wall system, includes: The integrated installation reference layer is subjected to reference calibration, and the module assembly accuracy requirements of the curtain wall area are calculated based on the unit area assembly volume of the calibrated integrated installation reference layer and the adaptation and positioning standard of the integrated curtain wall module. According to the installation sequence of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall and the module assembly accuracy requirements, the curtain wall area is divided into zones for positioning and assembly, and the overall splicing seams are adjusted after the zone assembly is completed. After the curtain wall area is assembled, it is sealed as a whole. The assembled and sealed curtain wall area is then tested and adjusted according to the preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building.

[0015] Optionally, the step of conducting overall testing and debugging of the assembled and sealed curtain wall area according to preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular-shaped building includes: The parameters obtained from the overall inspection are divided into three categories: structural safety parameters, facade effect parameters, and installation accuracy parameters. Each type of test parameter is compared with the preset graded acceptance threshold, and unqualified curtain wall sections that do not meet the acceptance threshold are marked. For the unqualified curtain wall zones, retrieve the original parameters of the corresponding integrated curtain wall modules, complete the local parameter correction in the parametric collaborative design model, regenerate the corrected integrated curtain wall modules, and replace and install them on site. After replacement and installation, single-point retesting is performed on the areas. When the test parameters of all areas meet the preset acceptance standards, the final qualified finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building is obtained. In the integrated engineering design collaborative system of this invention, multi-control point parameter collection and zoning based on actual shape deviations break through the drawback of the disconnect between theoretical models and actual site conditions in traditional design. This method can dynamically adjust the design strategy according to the measured data, ensuring that the generated keel system and skin unit perfectly adapt to the actual shape of the building, fundamentally reducing forced assembly and rework caused by dimensional deviations on site, and significantly improving the overall installation accuracy and flatness of the curtain wall. For the technical difficulty of the irregular curved surface transition area, a node layered disassembly process is adopted to establish an integrated installation benchmark layer, effectively resolving the stress concentration problem caused by complex curvature changes. This meticulous approach not only ensures the rational transfer of structural forces and eliminates safety hazards, but also guarantees a natural and smooth transition between curved surfaces, achieving a dual optimization of structural safety and the aesthetic appeal of the building facade. By matching and integrating the interface parameters of parametric keel and integrated skin, standardized integrated curtain wall modules are formed, realizing the transformation from discrete component design to modular prefabrication and assembly. This model greatly simplifies on-site construction procedures, improves assembly efficiency, shortens the construction cycle, and reduces material waste and labor costs, resulting in significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the integrated engineering design collaborative system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific steps involved in generating a parameterized keel system and integrated skin unit that adapt to different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions within the integrated engineering design collaborative system of this invention.

[0017] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an integrated engineering design collaborative system is provided, the system comprising: The curtain wall division module 10 is used to collect parameters from multiple control points of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point, and divide the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall partitions based on the architectural shape deviation parameters. The target irregular-shaped building curtain wall can be a building envelope structure with irregular geometric shapes to be designed and constructed, serving as the object carrier for the entire system. The curtain wall partitioning module is a subsystem for performing multi-control point parameter acquisition and partitioning the curtain wall based on deviation parameters, enabling the conversion from an ideal model to a measurement-driven design. Multi-control point parameter acquisition involves setting up multiple spatial control points on the surface of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall and obtaining their actual three-dimensional coordinates, providing raw data reflecting the actual construction status on site. The building shape deviation parameter is the spatial deviation between the measured control point coordinates and the corresponding points in the theoretical design model, serving as the core basis for curtain wall partitioning and design correction. Irregular-shaped curtain wall partitioning involves dividing the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into local areas with similar geometric or structural characteristics based on the building shape deviation parameter, providing a partitioning basis for subsequent differentiated adaptation design of the keel and skin, improving component matching accuracy. In an exemplary embodiment, irregular-shaped curtain wall partitioning may include, but is not limited to, low-curvature gentle areas, high-curvature abrupt change areas, and composite transition areas.

[0020] Collecting multi-control-point parameters for the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall can be achieved by setting up measurement control points on the construction site, acquiring actual point cloud data using 3D laser scanning or a total station, and comparing the data with the theoretical model to calculate deviations. For example, collecting multi-control-point parameters for the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall can be accomplished by using a terrestrial 3D laser scanner to perform a full-site scan and extracting key control points, or by using a UAV equipped with photogrammetry equipment to acquire point cloud data and then fitting control points. This yields architectural shape deviation parameters reflecting the actual construction state, providing a basis for subsequent zoning and design corrections. Dividing the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall zones based on architectural shape deviation parameters can be achieved by dividing the curtain wall surface into several regions with internal consistency based on the numerical distribution, gradient changes, or clustering characteristics of the deviation parameters. In a specific embodiment, dividing the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall zones based on architectural shape deviation parameters can be achieved through hard partitioning based on a deviation threshold and soft partitioning using a fuzzy clustering algorithm. This allows for differentiated partitioning of design strategies and improves component adaptation accuracy.

[0021] The component generation module 20 is used to generate parametric keel systems and integrated skin units that are adapted to different types of irregular curtain wall partitions based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular building. The overall shape parameters can be mathematical or BIM model data describing the overall geometry of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, which can be used to provide basic geometric constraints for the initial generation of the keel and skin. Structural load parameters can be mechanical input conditions such as wind load, self-weight, and seismic action acting on the curtain wall system, which can be used to drive the parametric keel system to meet structural safety requirements. The parametric keel system can be a spatial support structure generated by adjustable parameters, capable of adaptively adjusting to changes in the geometric shape of the irregular-shaped curtain wall zones. It can be used to provide structural bearing capacity and serve as the installation benchmark for skin units, ensuring reasonable stress distribution and accurate installation positioning. In an exemplary embodiment, the parametric keel system can be generated based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters through a parametric modeling engine. The integrated skin unit can be a curtain wall cladding panel component deeply coupled with the parametric keel system in geometry and connection logic, which can be used to realize the aesthetic expression of the building facade and undertake the enclosure function, with its grid and keel node positions precisely aligned. Furthermore, the integrated skin unit can be generated based on the overall shape parameters and the keel topology relationship of the corresponding zones. The parameterized keel system can be integrated with the integrated skin unit through interface parameter matching to form an integrated curtain wall module.

[0022] Based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular-shaped building, parametric keel systems and integrated skin units are generated to adapt to different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall partitions. Within each partition, the geometry engine and structural analysis module are simultaneously invoked to generate keels that conform to both the curved surface shape and load requirements, and matching skin units are generated accordingly. For example, this operation can be achieved by first generating the keel and then reverse-engineering the skin partitions, with parallel parametric modeling of the keel and skin, and simultaneous optimization through a constraint solver. This ensures that the keel and skin achieve both geometric and mechanical adaptation within their respective partitions.

[0023] The fusion module 30 is used to match and fuse the parameterized keel system with the integrated skin unit through interface parameter matching to obtain an integrated curtain wall module for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions; The integrated curtain wall module can be a standardized prefabricated assembly unit formed by the fusion of a parametric keel system and an integrated skin unit through interface parameter matching. It can support factory prefabrication and rapid on-site assembly, reducing the number of discrete components and the workload of on-site adjustments. In a specific embodiment, the integrated curtain wall module may include, but is not limited to, a structure-skin integrated module, an integrated module with an insulation layer, and a module with electromechanical embedded components. Interface parameter matching and fusion is a technical process that ensures consistency between the parametric keel system and the integrated skin unit in terms of connection points, dimensional tolerances, and assembly logic, ensuring that they can be integrated without conflict to form a stable module. Matching and fusion of interface parameters between the parametric keel system and the integrated skin unit can involve verifying and automatically adjusting the consistency of parameters such as coordinates, tolerances, and assembly sequence of keel connection nodes and skin edge joints. Furthermore, this operation can be automatically matched through family parameter linkage in a BIM platform, and batch alignment of geometric and connection parameters can be achieved by writing dedicated scripts, thereby forming standardized integrated curtain wall modules that can be directly used for prefabrication production.

[0024] The region identification module 40 is used to identify the irregular curved transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall, and to perform node layering and disassembly processing on the irregular curved transition area to obtain the integrated installation reference layer of the target irregular curtain wall. The irregular curved surface transition area can be a local area in an irregular curtain wall where the curvature changes significantly or the geometric continuity is easily interrupted. It can be used as a key area requiring special treatment. Node layering and decomposition processing can be an operation that decomposes the complex connection nodes of the transition area into multiple ordered substructures according to function or hierarchy. This can be used to reduce single-point complexity and achieve reasonable stress distribution and controllable installation. The integrated installation reference layer can be a unified spatial positioning reference surface established by performing node layering and decomposition processing on the irregular curved surface transition area. It can be used to provide a continuous and stable installation reference for complex curvature areas, avoiding stress concentration and ensuring surface smoothness. In an exemplary embodiment, the integrated installation reference layer can be generated using a layered topology reconstruction algorithm based on the transition area boundary output by the area identification module. The integrated installation reference layer can serve as a spatial reference for the positioning and assembly of integrated curtain wall modules in the assembly verification module. Identifying the irregular curved surface transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall can be done by analyzing the curvature tensor or second derivative changes of the curtain wall surface to identify the boundaries of areas where curvature changes abruptly or decreases in continuity. For example, this operation can be achieved by identifying transition zones based on the Gaussian curvature map of NURBS surfaces and detecting transition regions through the rate of change of the normal vector of the mesh model, thereby accurately locating high-risk areas requiring special treatment. The node-level decomposition of the transition region of the irregular curved surface can be performed by functionally decomposing the connection structure of the transition region into a main load-bearing layer, an adjustment layer, and a finishing layer, and defining their geometry and connection logic for each. In a specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by generating a layered structure using topology optimization methods, manually defining the layered logic based on construction experience rules, and then parameterizing it, thereby mitigating stress concentration and improving installation controllability and surface smoothness.

[0025] The assembly verification module 50 is used to position and assemble the integrated curtain wall modules on the integrated installation reference layer to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building, and to perform overall debugging and verification of the finished curtain wall system.

[0026] The prefabricated curtain wall system can be the final curtain wall entity after installation and commissioning of the assembled verification modules, which can be used to demonstrate the overall output of the system. Overall commissioning and verification can be a process of comprehensively testing the geometric accuracy, structural stability, and visual continuity of the prefabricated curtain wall system, confirming that the system output meets design and construction requirements. Positioning and assembling integrated curtain wall modules on the integrated installation reference layer can be done by using the integrated installation reference layer as a spatial reference, and hoisting and fixing the prefabricated integrated curtain wall modules on-site according to their numbers and positioning marks. Furthermore, this operation can be guided by an AR-assisted positioning system, and mechanical alignment can be achieved through the cooperation of pre-embedded reference points and module positioning pins, thereby ensuring accurate module installation and reducing on-site adjustments. Overall commissioning and verification of the prefabricated curtain wall system can involve 3D scanning verification, structural stress simulation verification, and visual flatness assessment of the installed curtain wall system. For example, this operation can be achieved by comparing a digital twin model with measured point clouds for deviation analysis and organizing a multi-disciplinary joint acceptance meeting for comprehensive evaluation, thereby confirming that the final result meets design, safety, and aesthetic requirements.

[0027] Taking a large-scale cultural venue with an irregularly shaped curtain wall as an example, the integrated engineering design and collaborative system in this embodiment can be used for a newly built art center in a city that adopts a hyperboloid titanium alloy curtain wall. Before construction, the actual shape of the steel structure on site is obtained through three-dimensional laser scanning. The curtain wall division module divides the curtain wall into a gentle zone, a steep transition zone, and a top closing transition zone based on deviation parameters. The component generation module generates corresponding parametric steel keel and customized titanium plate units for the three types of areas. The fusion integration module pre-assembles the keel and titanium plate into standard modules in the factory. The area identification module identifies the junction of the roof and the facade as a high curvature transition area. The node layering and disassembly process decomposes it into a load-bearing frame layer, a fine-tuning shim layer, and a decorative covering layer to form an integrated installation reference layer. On-site, each module is hoisted on this reference layer. The assembly verification module completes the overall debugging and verification by comparing point cloud re-measurement with the BIM model, ultimately achieving millimeter-level installation accuracy and a seamless curved surface effect.

[0028] In one embodiment, multi-control point parameter acquisition is performed on the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall to obtain the building shape deviation parameters for each control point, including: Representative analysis units are selected within the curtain wall area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, where each analysis unit includes a planar curtain wall area and an irregular curved curtain wall area.

[0029] The curtain wall area can be the region enclosed by the overall outer contour boundary of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall in space, which can be used to define the spatial domain for selecting analysis units and arranging control points. In this embodiment, the curtain wall area serves as the geometric boundary for sampling operations, ensuring that subsequent point placement and analysis are confined within the actual curtain wall structure. The analysis unit can be a representative local geometric region selected within the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall area, simultaneously containing both planar curtain wall areas and irregular curved surface curtain wall areas. This serves as the basic spatial unit for collecting multi-control point parameters, ensuring that sampling covers curtain wall types with different curvature characteristics. Furthermore, the analysis unit is extracted after automatically identifying mixed feature areas based on curvature heatmaps, or by engineers manually delineating typical structural junction areas, thus ensuring that the selection process balances automation efficiency with engineering experience judgment. Selecting representative analysis units within the curtain wall area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall can be based on the distribution of curtain wall geometric complexity, choosing local areas that simultaneously cover planar and irregular curved surface features as analysis units. Furthermore, representative analysis units can be selected within the curtain wall area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall by automatically identifying mixed feature areas based on curvature heat maps and extracting them, and then having engineers manually delineate typical structural junction areas. This ensures that subsequent sampling is representative of the type and avoids biased evaluation caused by sampling only a single curvature area.

[0030] According to the preset grid accuracy distribution principle, detection control points are arranged in the analysis unit, and the on-site solid modeling parameters of each control point are collected.

[0031] The preset grid precision distribution principle can be a rule system that specifies the spatial distribution density and topological relationship of detection control points within the analysis unit. This system can be used to ensure automatic densification of sampling points in areas with drastic curvature changes and moderate sparseness in flat areas, achieving efficient and accurate sampling. Detection control points can be spatial sampling points deployed within the analysis unit according to the preset grid precision distribution principle to collect on-site entity shape parameters. They can provide a structured, high-density basis for measured data, supporting deviation calculation and subsequent zoning decisions. In a specific embodiment, detection control points can be generated as a regular or adaptively distributed point set on the surface of the analysis unit based on a grid partitioning algorithm. Arranging detection control points in the analysis unit according to the preset grid precision distribution principle can involve dynamically adjusting the control point density based on the degree of curvature change, generating a denser point array in high-curvature areas and a sparser array in low-curvature areas. Furthermore, arranging detection control points in the analysis unit according to the preset grid precision distribution principle can be achieved by using adaptive point placement guided by Delaunay triangulation and regular grid projection based on NURBS surface parameter domain mapping, thereby improving the spatial resolution of deviation calculation and optimizing sampling efficiency while ensuring data accuracy.

[0032] The deviation between the collected on-site physical shape parameters and the design shape parameters is calculated to obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point.

[0033] The on-site physical modeling parameters can be the three-dimensional spatial coordinates or geometric attributes of the inspection control points obtained through measurement methods on the actual construction site. These parameters can reflect the current actual construction status of the building curtain wall and serve as a measured basis for comparison with the design model. The design modeling parameters can be the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates or geometric definitions of the corresponding inspection control point positions in the BIM or CAD model. These can be used as a reference benchmark under ideal conditions for deviation calculations with the on-site physical modeling parameters. The on-site physical modeling parameters for each control point can be collected using measuring equipment such as 3D scanning or a total station to obtain the actual spatial coordinates of each inspection control point. Furthermore, the on-site physical modeling parameters for each control point can be collected by using a terrestrial laser scanner to collect data across the entire site, extracting the control point coordinates, reconstructing the point cloud using photogrammetry, and then fitting the control points. This yields raw measured data reflecting the actual construction status.

[0034] The deviation calculation between the collected on-site physical shape parameters and the design shape parameters can be performed by vector difference calculation between the measured coordinates of each detection control point and its theoretical coordinates in the design model. Furthermore, the deviation calculation can be achieved by calculating the Euclidean distance as the deviation amplitude and decomposing it into normal and tangential components for separate evaluation. This quantifies the geometric deviation between theory and reality, generating numerical data that can be used for zoning decisions. Obtaining the architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point can be achieved by outputting the calculated numerical results, forming a deviation dataset corresponding one-to-one with each detection control point. Further, the architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point can be obtained by the system automatically matching measured points with model points and performing point-by-point calculations. This provides input for the curtain wall zoning module, supporting zoning based on actual measurements.

[0035] Taking the pre-construction survey of an irregularly shaped curtain wall in a super high-rise complex as an example, the integrated engineering design collaborative system in this embodiment can be a city landmark tower facade containing a large area of ​​hyperbolic glass curtain wall and a local vertical rib planar area. Before construction, three typical analysis units are selected within the curtain wall area, each unit spanning the intersection of the planar rib and the adjacent hyperbolic surface; according to the preset grid accuracy distribution principle, detection control points are set up at 0.5-meter intervals in the hyperbolic area and at 2-meter intervals in the planar area; the on-site scanning is completed by using a drone equipped with a lidar to extract the on-site entity shape parameters of each control point; the system automatically retrieves the design shape parameters of the corresponding points in the BIM model, calculates the three-dimensional deviation point by point, and generates a building shape deviation parameter dataset; this dataset is then input into the curtain wall division module to drive the subsequent differential generation of the keel and skin, ensuring that the prefabricated components accurately match the actual shape of the on-site steel structure.

[0036] In one embodiment, the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is divided into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall zones based on architectural shape deviation parameters, including: The architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point are compared with the preset allowable deviation threshold range; The allowable deviation threshold range can be a pre-defined numerical interval used to determine whether architectural shape deviations are acceptable. This range can serve as a quantitative basis for judging whether control point deviations require special handling, supporting the objectivity of zoning decisions. Comparing the architectural shape deviation parameter of each control point with the pre-defined allowable deviation threshold range allows for interval judgment of the measured deviation value of each control point, marking points that exceed or are in a critical state. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by using Boolean logic to determine whether limits are exceeded or by introducing a membership function for fuzzy interval evaluation, thereby enabling quantitative classification of the degree of deviation and providing initial criteria for zoning.

[0037] Based on the comparison results and the structural stress requirements and dominant factors of the facade effect of the target irregular-shaped building, the curtain wall of the target irregular-shaped building is divided into different types of areas; Among these, structural stress requirements can be the mechanical performance constraints that the curtain wall system must meet under wind loads, self-weight, and seismic action. These can be used as one of the constraint factors in zoning decisions to ensure sufficient structural safety of the keel system in each area. The dominant factors for facade effect can be key geometric or structural feature parameters affecting the visual continuity and aesthetic expression of the building facade. These can be used as another constraint factor in zoning decisions to ensure natural surface transitions, uniform joints, and consistent light and shadow. For example, dominant factors for facade effect can include, but are not limited to, curvature continuity indicators, grid alignment, and material joint visibility. Different types of areas can be preliminary divisions of curtain wall areas with different deviation characteristics and design priorities after comprehensive multi-factor judgment. These can be used as intermediate products to guide subsequent boundary identification and supplementary retesting. In a specific embodiment, the spatial boundary parameter information of different types of areas triggers supplementary control point retesting operations. Based on the comparison results and the structural stress requirements and dominant factors for facade effect of the target irregular-shaped building, the curtain wall of the target irregular-shaped building is divided into different types of areas. This can be achieved by comprehensively considering deviation comparison results, structural safety constraints, and aesthetic priorities, and assigning area types through multi-objective optimization or a rule engine. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by constructing a weighted scoring model to score regional attributes and then classifying them, or by using an expert rule base-driven decision tree for partitioning, thereby generating a preliminary partitioning scheme that takes into account both mechanical rationality and visual expressiveness.

[0038] Identify the spatial boundary parameter information of different types of areas, and conduct supplementary control point re-measurement for different types of areas based on the spatial boundary parameter information to obtain different types of irregular curtain wall partitions.

[0039] Spatial boundary parameter information can be geometric description data of the boundary between different types of regions, including boundary curves, inflection point coordinates, and neighborhood curvature variation characteristics. This information can be used to identify key transition zones requiring re-measurement, improving data accuracy in these areas. In this embodiment, spatial boundary parameter information can be obtained by extracting the boundary lines and differential geometric properties of adjacent regions through topological analysis of the preliminary zoning results. Supplementary control point re-measurement can be the process of densely deploying and re-measuring control points near the identified spatial boundaries. This can increase the density of measured data in transition areas and enhance the ability of subsequent designs to fit complex geometries. Identifying spatial boundary parameter information for different types of regions can be achieved by performing neighborhood analysis on the preliminary zoning results to extract the boundary geometric features between different types of regions. Furthermore, this operation can be implemented by extracting boundary lines based on edge label differences in a mesh model or by detecting boundaries using G1 discontinuities between NURBS surface patches. This allows for the location of key transition zones requiring high-precision modeling, avoiding design distortion due to boundary ambiguity. Supplementary control point re-measurement for different types of regions based on spatial boundary parameter information can be achieved by adding control points at a preset density within the identified boundary neighborhood and re-acquiring their three-dimensional coordinates. For example, this operation can be achieved by laser scanning after equidistantly placing points along the boundary curve or by adaptively densifying measurement points near the curvature abrupt change point, thereby improving the fidelity of the measured data in the transition region and providing high-precision input for subsequent refined design.

[0040] Taking the curtain wall project of a super high-rise irregular tower as an example, the integrated engineering design collaborative system in this embodiment can be as follows: the east facade of a super high-rise building is a double-twisted free-form surface. The initial scan obtains 200 control points. The curtain wall division module compares the deviation of each point with the ±8mm threshold and finds that 30 points at the top exceed the limit. Combined with the fact that the wind pressure in this area is high (high structural stress requirements) and it is located in the center of the main view (high weight of the dominant factor of the facade effect), it is divided into a high-sensitivity area. The remaining areas are divided into standard areas and low-sensitivity areas according to deviation and function. The system automatically identifies 12 spatial boundaries at the junction of the three types of areas and densifies 40 supplementary control points within 0.5 meters on both sides of each boundary for retesting. The final irregular curtain wall partition has a higher data density in the high-sensitivity area, supporting the subsequent generation of more accurate keel and skin units.

[0041] In one embodiment, a parametric keel system and integrated skin unit adapted to different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions are generated based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregularly shaped building, including: The stress level of different types of irregular curtain wall zones is determined based on the structural load parameters, and the structural load-bearing optimization direction of the keel is determined based on the stress level. The load-bearing level can be a mechanical performance hierarchy based on the required load-bearing capacity of the keel within the irregularly shaped curtain wall partition according to structural load parameters. This hierarchy can guide the strength and stiffness configuration of the keel structure design, enabling differentiated load-bearing design for each partition. The structural load-bearing optimization direction can be an optimization target for the keel cross-sectional form, material distribution, or topological layout determined for a specific load-bearing level. This can clarify the lightweighting or stiffness enhancement path of the keel components while meeting safety requirements. In an exemplary embodiment, the structural load-bearing optimization direction can be divided according to optimization targets, including bending-priority type, torsional enhancement type, and node stiffness enhancement type. Determining the load-bearing level of different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions based on structural load parameters can be achieved by mapping the wind pressure, self-weight, and seismic load values ​​borne by each partition to a preset mechanical classification standard. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved through load combination extreme value method for level determination or by extracting the principal stress amplitude of the partition based on finite element analysis results for classification. This allows for refined partitioning of the curtain wall structure design, avoiding over-design or insufficient load-bearing capacity. Determining the structural load-bearing optimization direction of the keel based on the stress level can be achieved by selecting an optimization strategy centered on bending resistance, torsion resistance, or nodal stiffness, according to the failure mode corresponding to the stress level. For example, this operation can be implemented by automatically recommending optimization directions through topology optimization algorithms or by manually specifying optimization priorities based on code provisions and engineering experience, allowing the keel design to focus on key mechanical requirements and improve material utilization efficiency.

[0042] Based on the structural load-bearing optimization direction, a suitable standardized keel component is matched from the preset keel component library; The pre-set keel component library can be a collection of digital models of keel components containing various standardized cross-sectional forms, connection methods, and material specifications. This library can support rapid component matching based on structural load-bearing optimization, improving design efficiency and industrialization levels. In one specific embodiment, the pre-set keel component library can be derived from historical project data or industry standards and stored in the collaborative system as parametric families or components. Standardized keel components can be basic keel units from the pre-set keel component library, possessing unified interfaces and manufacturing specifications. They can be used as basic materials for parametric adjustment modeling, balancing prefabrication feasibility and on-site adaptability. Furthermore, standardized keel components participate in parametric adjustment modeling after interface compatibility verification, ultimately forming a parametric keel system. Matching suitable standardized keel components from the pre-set keel component library according to the structural load-bearing optimization direction can involve filtering cross-sectional forms, materials, and connection types that meet the optimization requirements. For example, this operation can be achieved through automatic matching based on a rule engine or through manual filtering via an interactive interface followed by system recommendations, thereby shortening the selection cycle and ensuring the feasibility of industrial production of components.

[0043] Before assembly, the interface compatibility of the matched standardized keel components is verified. The standardized keel components that pass the interface compatibility verification are parametrically adjusted and modeled to obtain a parametric keel system for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. Interface compatibility verification can be a process of checking the consistency of connection nodes between standardized keel components in terms of geometry, tolerances, and assembly logic. It can be used to ensure that selected components can be assembled without conflict, avoiding rework on site due to interface incompatibility. Parametric adjustment modeling can be an operation that performs parameter-driven deformation of the length, angle, or local cross-section of standardized keel components while retaining their core structure. It can be used to adapt standardized components to the actual curved surface shape of irregular curtain wall partitions, achieving geometrically precise fit.

[0044] Before assembly, the standardized keel components undergo interface compatibility verification, which can involve checking the matching of adjacent components in terms of connection hole positions, flange dimensions, and rotational degrees of freedom. Furthermore, this operation can be automatically verified using a BIM collision detection module or achieved by writing a dedicated script to perform logical consistency checks on connection parameters, thereby identifying assembly conflicts in advance and reducing on-site modifications. Standardized keel components that pass interface compatibility verification are then parametrically adjusted and modeled to obtain parametric keel systems for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall zones. This can be achieved by driving the geometric parameters of the components to change with the zone surface while keeping the core structure of the components unchanged. In an exemplary embodiment, this operation can be achieved by using spline curve fitting to drive the component axis deformation or by adjusting the orientation of local sections through mesh projection, thus unifying standardization and customization, and balancing prefabrication efficiency with irregular shape adaptation.

[0045] Based on the facade effect parameters and energy-saving requirements of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions of the target irregular building, the performance supplementation requirements of the skin unit are determined, and the basic skin profile is selected based on the shape curvature parameters of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. Among these, facade effect parameters can describe the design requirements of the building skin at the visual level, such as reflectivity, texture, and joint rhythm, and can be used as the design input basis for the aesthetic performance of the skin unit. Energy-saving requirements can be the limiting conditions for the thermal performance of the curtain wall according to the building energy-saving code, such as heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient, and can be used to drive the skin unit to meet energy efficiency targets at the material and structural levels. Performance supplement requirements are the additional functional requirements for the basic skin profile after integrating facade effect parameters and energy-saving requirements, and can be used to guide the adjustment direction of the parameter ratio of the basic skin profile. Furthermore, performance supplement requirements can be divided according to functional dimensions, including thermal enhancement type, optical control type, acoustic optimization type, etc. Shape curvature parameters can be geometric characteristic quantities describing the degree and trend of curvature of the surface of irregular curtain wall partitions, and can be used to determine the flexibility of the basic skin profile and the selection of forming process. The basic skin profile can be a standard skin raw material or semi-finished profile suitable for a specific curvature range, and can be used as the physical and geometric basis for the initial skin unit generation. In one specific embodiment, the basic skin profile can be classified according to material and process, including cold-bent aluminum plate profile, hot-bent glass substrate, composite fiber prepreg, etc.

[0046] Determining the supplementary performance requirements of the skin unit based on the facade effect parameters and energy-saving requirements of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions in the target irregular-shaped building can translate aesthetic and energy efficiency goals into specific requirements for material transmittance, thermal resistance, or surface treatment. For example, this operation can be achieved by solving for the optimal performance combination using a multi-objective optimization model or by manually setting supplementary requirements based on specification limits and design intent, thus enabling the skin design to simultaneously meet both visual and functional objectives. Selecting the basic skin profile based on the curvature parameters of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions can be achieved by selecting suitable materials that can be cold-bent or require hot bending from a profile library based on the radius of curvature and its gradient. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved through automatic filtering based on a minimum bending radius database or manual selection combined with a supplier's process capability list, ensuring the skin unit has practical workability.

[0047] The parameter ratio of the basic skin profile is adjusted according to the performance supplement requirements, and the parameter-adjusted basic skin profile is subjected to parameterized mold opening preprocessing to obtain the initial skin unit. The parameter ratio can be a set of adjustable parameters representing the material composition, thickness distribution, or functional layer proportions of the skin profile. This can be used to implement engineering projects that supplement performance requirements through adjustments. Parametric mold-making preprocessing, based on the adjusted parameter ratio, involves pre-processing the basic skin profile for mold path planning and forming parameter setting. This can be used to generate an initial skin unit digital model suitable for factory prefabrication. The initial skin unit can be a prototype skin component formed after parametric mold-making preprocessing, but before final interface and performance verification. It can be used as input for subsequent tolerance adjustment and testing. Furthermore, the initial skin unit is transformed into an integrated skin unit after interface tolerance adjustment and load and performance testing.

[0048] Adjusting the parameter ratios of the base skin profile to meet performance enhancement requirements can involve modifying the layer thickness ratio, filler density, or coating composition to satisfy thermal or optical specifications. In an exemplary embodiment, this operation can be achieved by back-calculating the optimal ratio using material simulation software or by adjusting tables based on experimental data, thus enabling performance customization without altering the basic structure. The adjusted base skin profile undergoes parametric mold-making preprocessing to obtain initial skin units, which can generate 3D models and process parameter files for CNC machining or mold manufacturing. For example, this operation can output STEP format for CNC equipment to read or generate mold flow channel and cooling system layout diagrams, thus establishing a seamless data link from design to manufacturing.

[0049] The initial skin unit is subjected to interface tolerance adjustment, and the adjusted skin unit is subjected to load and performance testing to obtain the integrated skin unit.

[0050] The interface tolerance adjustment process involves fine-tuning the dimensions, gaps, or installation tolerances at the connection points between the initial skin unit and the keel. This ensures stress-free assembly of the skin unit with the parametric keel system. Load and performance testing comprehensively verifies the structural load-bearing capacity and energy-saving, optical, and other functional performance of the adjusted skin unit. This confirms that it meets both engineering safety and functional standards, resulting in a qualified integrated skin unit. Interface tolerance adjustment of the initial skin unit involves fine-tuning the dimensions of its connection edge with the keel or reserving installation gaps. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by reverse-correcting the skin edge based on the measured point cloud of the keel or automatically offsetting the joint line according to a preset tolerance zone, thereby compensating for accumulated manufacturing and installation errors and ensuring stress-free assembly. Load and performance testing of the adjusted skin unit yields the integrated skin unit. This can be verified through numerical simulation or physical experiments to demonstrate its structural and functional performance under conditions such as wind pressure and temperature cycling. In one specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by using finite element software for virtual loading testing or by sending the product to a third-party laboratory for actual testing and certification, so that the output of the final skin product meets the engineering acceptance standards.

[0051] Taking the curtain wall project of a super high-rise irregular tower as an example, the integrated engineering design and collaborative system in this embodiment can be used for a 300-meter-high tower using a hyperboloid unitized curtain wall. The system first divides the windward high-load zone and the leeward low-load zone based on wind tunnel test data. The high-load zone is given an optimized direction for wind vibration resistance. Box steel beams with stiffening ribs are matched from the preset keel component library. After interface compatibility verification, their length and torsion angle are parametrically adjusted to form a keel system adapted to the curved surface. On the skin side, the windward area requires low-emissivity coating due to energy-saving requirements and has a large curvature. Therefore, cold-bendable aluminum composite panels are selected as the base profile, and the thickness of the thermal insulation core layer is increased to meet the K-value requirements. After generating the initial unit through parametric mold opening, the hanging groove is adjusted to a tolerance of ±1.5mm. Through wind pressure deformation detection and thermal testing, an integrated skin unit is finally formed. This process enables both the keel and the skin to be customized in sections, and the on-site assembly is successful in one go without rework.

[0052] In one embodiment, the matched standardized keel components undergo interface compatibility verification before assembly, including: The interface dimensional tolerances of standardized keel components are analyzed using BIM modeling and parametric measurement, and the deviation range of each component in the standardized keel components is determined based on the interface dimensional tolerances. BIM modeling, based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, involves creating a 3D digital model of standardized keel components. This model provides high-fidelity geometric and attribute data for interface dimensional tolerance analysis and spatial relationship verification. Parametric measurement, using programmable scripts or algorithms, automatically extracts key dimensions and tolerance ranges of component interfaces from the BIM model. This enables batch and precise quantification of interface tolerances, replacing manual estimation based on drawings. Furthermore, parametric measurement can be used in conjunction with BIM modeling to output interface dimensional tolerance data. Interface dimensional tolerances can be the geometric dimensional deviation limits of standardized keel component connection parts within the allowable range of manufacturing and assembly. These tolerances can serve as the basis for determining whether components can be joined without stress. The deviation range, derived from the interface dimensional tolerances, represents the potential spatial positional variation range of each component during actual manufacturing and installation. This range can be used to assess the geometric fit margin during splicing. In an exemplary embodiment, the deviation range can be calculated from the interface dimensional tolerances based on statistical tolerance analysis or the worst-case combination method.

[0053] Utilizing BIM modeling and parametric measurement to analyze the interface dimensional tolerances of standardized keel components involves creating a component model within a BIM environment and automatically extracting key dimensions and their permissible deviations from the connection points using scripts. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by using Dynamo scripts to traverse family parameters to extract tolerance information and by developing a dedicated measurement plugin using the Revit API, thereby enabling the digitization and automated quantification of interface tolerances and improving analysis efficiency and accuracy. Determining the deviation range of each component in the standardized keel structure based on the interface dimensional tolerances can be achieved by converting the tolerances into the maximum possible offset interval of the component in the X / Y / Z directions, forming a spatial envelope. In a specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by generating random deviation samples using Monte Carlo simulation and constructing a limit deviation model based on the most unfavorable tolerance combination, thus providing geometric uncertainty input for subsequent verification of splicing and coordination effects.

[0054] Finite element analysis was used to quantify the load-sharing effect of each splicing node in the standardized keel component on the overall structural load, and the splicing synergy effect between different components was verified based on the load-sharing effect and deviation range. Finite element analysis (FEM) is a numerical simulation method that discretizes keel splice nodes into element meshes and solves their mechanical response under load. It can be used to quantify the actual load-sharing ratio and force transmission path of each splice node on the overall structure. Splice nodes are key structural components that achieve mechanical connection and geometric positioning between standardized keel members, and can be used to determine the integrity and stress continuity of the keel system. The structural load-sharing effect can be defined as the proportion of internal forces borne by each splice node and its deformation coordination capacity when the overall keel system is subjected to external loads, reflecting the structural effectiveness of the nodes under real-world working conditions.

[0055] The finite element method (FEM) can be used to quantify the load-sharing effect of each splicing node in a standardized keel component on the overall structural load. This can be achieved by applying design loads to the spliced ​​keel system and extracting the reaction forces and internal force proportions of each node. Furthermore, this operation can be rapidly evaluated using linear static analysis and by introducing nonlinear contact to simulate the actual splicing state, thereby revealing the functional contribution of nodes under actual stress conditions and avoiding superficial connections without mechanical synergy. The splicing synergy effect between different components can be verified based on the load-sharing effect and deviation range. This can involve coupling mechanical load-sharing capacity with geometric deviation tolerance, determining whether nodes can still effectively transmit force under the most unfavorable deviation conditions. In a specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by constructing a multi-condition combination matrix for cross-validation and setting a synergy performance scoring function for quantitative judgment, thereby establishing a geometric-mechanical joint verification mechanism to ensure that the splicing is both feasible and reliable.

[0056] If the splicing and coordination effect does not meet the preset standard, adjust the parameter modification amount of each component, and return to the step of using BIM modeling to analyze the interface size tolerance of the standardized keel components until the splicing and coordination effect meets the preset standard. The parameter modification amount can be a correction applied to the local geometric parameters of a component to improve the splicing coordination effect. It can be used to drive the component to achieve fine-tuning and adaptation while maintaining standardization. In an exemplary embodiment, the parameter modification amount can be generated by reverse calculation of the deviation between the splicing coordination effect and the preset standard. The preset standard can be a pre-set minimum acceptable threshold or performance target for the splicing coordination effect, which can be used as a judgment benchmark for verification and iterative correction. If the splicing coordination effect does not meet the preset standard, the parameter modification amount of each component is adjusted. This can be done by modifying the local length, angle, or curvature of the connection surface of the component for weak nodes or out-of-tolerance interfaces. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by automatically recommending modification directions based on sensitivity analysis or by having engineers manually specify key modification parts, thereby driving the design to iteratively evolve towards coordination optimization. Returning to the step of using BIM modeling to analyze the interface size tolerances of the standardized keel components until the splicing coordination effect meets the preset standard, the modified component can be remodeled and enter a new round of tolerance-mechanical joint verification cycle. In one specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by setting a maximum number of iterations to prevent infinite loops and introducing a convergence criterion to automatically terminate the optimization, thereby achieving closed-loop optimization and ensuring that the final solution meets the dual constraints.

[0057] For standardized keel components whose splicing and coordination effects meet the preset standards, collision detection analysis is used to analyze the spatial positional relationship between the standardized keel components that meet the preset standards and pipelines and main structure. Based on the spatial positional relationship, the interference with the main structure and internal and external pipelines during the splicing process is determined. Collision detection can be a technical process that automatically identifies whether there is spatial overlap or intrusion between keel components and surrounding building elements in a digital model, and can be used to expose potential physical interference during the construction phase. Furthermore, collision detection can be applied to standardized keel components that meet preset standards and output interference information. Pipelines can be electromechanical, water supply and drainage, or HVAC piping systems arranged inside the building or curtain wall cavity, and can be used as one of the objects inspected in collision detection, affecting the keel installation path. The structural body can be the building's load-bearing structural system, such as a concrete frame or steel structure skeleton, and can be used as the foundation for keel installation; its surface morphology determines the keel positioning reference. Spatial positional relationships can be the relative coordinates and distance relationships between standardized keel components and the structural body and pipelines in three-dimensional space, and can be used to determine whether there are installation conflicts or insufficient provisions. Interference situations can be situations where keel components overlap with the structural body or pipelines in space or where the safe clearance is insufficient, and can be used as a basis for adjusting the keel layout or coordinating professional designs. Collision detection analysis can be used to analyze the spatial relationships between standardized keel components and pipelines / main structures that meet preset standards. This can be achieved by running automatic collision checks within the integrated BIM model to identify spatial conflicts between the keel and existing elements. Furthermore, this operation can be implemented using Navisworks for hard collision detection and ClashDetective to set soft collision safety distances, thus enabling the early detection and avoidance of hidden engineering conflicts during the construction phase. Determining interference with the main structure and internal / external pipelines during the splicing process based on spatial relationships can be achieved by analyzing collision reports and classifying and recording the type, location, and severity of interference, providing a clear basis for adjusting the installation sequence or professional coordination.

[0058] The deformation and stress distribution of the overall keel system after the standardized keel components that meet the preset standards are spliced ​​are analyzed, and the installation and adaptation characteristics of the keel system are analyzed based on the interference and the deformation and stress distribution. The overall keel system can be a complete support structure formed by splicing all standardized keel components. It can be used as the object of deformation and stress analysis to reflect system-level performance. Deformation can be the displacement amplitude of the overall keel system under load or temperature, which can be used to assess the geometric stability after installation and its impact on the skin unit. Stress distribution can be the internal force density and concentration in various parts of the overall keel system, which can be used to identify potential structural weak areas or fatigue risk points. Installation compatibility characteristics can be an evaluation index of the feasibility of on-site installation of the keel system based on comprehensive interference, deformation, and stress distribution, which can be used to determine whether the components have excellent construction compatibility. Analyzing the deformation and stress distribution of the overall keel system after splicing standardized keel components that meet preset standards can be achieved by performing structural simulation on the complete keel system, outputting displacement cloud maps and stress contour lines. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by considering the combined effects of temperature and wind loads and introducing construction stage simulation analysis of installation process deformation, thereby evaluating system-level structural performance and ensuring controllable deformation under irregular curved surfaces. The installation compatibility characteristics of the keel system are analyzed based on interference, deformation, and stress distribution. This analysis can comprehensively assess spatial accessibility, deformation controllability, and stress rationality to determine the installation feasibility level. In one specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by using a multi-criteria decision-making method with weighted scoring and a rule engine to automatically classify the compatibility level, thereby outputting a comprehensive judgment on whether the system possesses excellent installation compatibility.

[0059] Standardized keel components that meet the splicing coordination requirements and have excellent installation compatibility characteristics are considered qualified keel components for compatibility verification.

[0060] Standardized keel components that meet the splicing coordination effect and have excellent installation adaptability characteristics are designated as qualified keel components for compatibility verification. This means that components that simultaneously meet the dual requirements of mechanical coordination and spatial adaptability are marked as verified as qualified, thereby ensuring that the components entering the prefabrication and installation stages have high reliability and construction friendliness.

[0061] Taking the large-span irregular roof curtain wall project of an airport terminal as an example, the integrated engineering design and collaborative system in this embodiment can be that the project adopts a fish-scale double-curved curtain wall, and the keel system is composed of standardized box-type steel beams. The system first extracted the tolerance of ±1.0mm for the flange hole positions at each beam end through BIM modeling and parametric measurement, thereby determining that the maximum deflection angle of the component during splicing was 0.5 degrees. Finite element analysis showed that a certain node only bore 12% of the internal force under wind load, which was lower than the preset standard of 20%, indicating insufficient coordination effect. The system automatically increased the stiffening plate thickness of the node and fine-tuned the beam end inclination angle by 0.3 degrees as a parameter modification amount. After remodeling, the coordination effect improved to 23%. Subsequently, collision detection was carried out, and it was found that the distance between two keels and the roof siphon rainwater pipes was only 30mm, which was less than the 80mm safety distance required for construction, indicating interference. After adjusting the keel routing to avoid the pipeline, the overall deformation was analyzed again and found to be L / 450, with a stress concentration factor of <1.8, and the installation compatibility characteristics were rated as excellent. Finally, this batch of components was confirmed to have passed the compatibility verification and entered the factory prefabrication stage.

[0062] In one embodiment, the parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit are fused together by interface parameter matching to obtain integrated curtain wall modules for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions, including: The interface positioning parameters between the parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit were analyzed.

[0063] The interface positioning parameters can be geometric and logical constraint parameters describing the spatial connection position, direction, and assembly relationship between the parametric keel system and the integrated skin unit. These parameters can serve as a benchmark for matching and merging the two, ensuring precise alignment of connection points and consistency in assembly logic. In an exemplary embodiment, the interface positioning parameters can be automatically extracted from family parameters in the BIM model and obtained by comparing interface data. Furthermore, the interface positioning parameters can include, but are not limited to, spatial coordinate parameters, normal vector parameters, and connector hole position parameters. Analyzing the interface positioning parameters of the parametric keel system and the integrated skin unit can involve extracting parameters such as coordinates, direction, hole positions, and assembly sequence in the connection area and performing consistency verification. For example, this operation can be achieved by writing a script to parse the topological relationship of the geometric model to identify matching points, thereby ensuring that the keel and skin have a geometrically and logically compatible basis.

[0064] The parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit are pre-assembled and matched according to the interface positioning parameters.

[0065] Pre-assembly matching can be a process of simulating the assembly of a parametric keel system and integrated skin units in a virtual or physical environment based on interface positioning parameters. This can be used to verify the geometric compatibility and installation feasibility between components in advance, and to identify potential interference or misalignment issues. In one specific embodiment, pre-assembly matching can be performed virtually based on a BIM model or digital twin environment, or physically in a factory trial assembly area. Pre-assembly matching the parametric keel system and integrated skin units according to interface positioning parameters can be performed in a digital environment or a factory trial assembly area, simulating or physically assembling the two types of components based on the interface positioning parameters. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by performing collision detection and virtual assembly in a BIM platform, or by using positioning fixtures for physical trial assembly in a prefabrication workshop, thereby exposing potential assembly conflicts and providing input for subsequent tolerance optimization.

[0066] Based on the optimization system of the preset parametric integrated design, the optimized installation conditions for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions are determined, and the tolerance parameters in the pre-assembly process are optimized and adjusted using the optimized installation conditions to obtain the integrated assembly result.

[0067] The pre-defined parametric integrated design optimization system can be a set of parametric rules and optimization algorithms embedded in the system to guide the integrated assembly of irregular curtain wall modules. It can be used to dynamically output adapted installation control strategies based on the characteristics of the curtain wall zones, achieving proactive tolerance adjustment. In an exemplary embodiment, the pre-defined parametric integrated design optimization system can employ subsystems such as geometric continuity optimization, structural force transmission optimization, and construction operability optimization. Optimized installation conditions can be a set of installation control parameters generated by the pre-defined parametric integrated design optimization system for specific irregular curtain wall zones. These can be used to guide the adjustment direction and allowable range of tolerance parameters during pre-assembly, improving fit accuracy. In this embodiment, optimized installation conditions can be calculated using a rule engine or optimization algorithm based on zone type, curvature characteristics, load conditions, and construction constraints. Tolerance parameters can be control indicators describing the permissible dimensional, angular, or positional deviations between the keel and the skin during pre-assembly. They can be used as key variables for assembly accuracy control and dynamically adjusted under optimized installation conditions to achieve high-precision matching. The integrated assembly result can be a keel-skin combination state that meets the accuracy and assembly requirements after the tolerance parameters are optimized and adjusted. It can be used as the final basis for generating standardized integrated curtain wall modules.

[0068] Based on the pre-defined parametric integrated design optimization system, optimized installation conditions are determined for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall zones. This can be achieved by calling the rule base or algorithm module in the optimization system, combining the geometric and structural features of the current zone, and outputting an adaptive installation control strategy. For example, this operation can be achieved by matching pre-defined template generation conditions based on a rule engine and solving for the optimal combination of installation parameters through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, thereby enabling zone-specific and dynamic adaptation of installation conditions. Optimizing and adjusting tolerance parameters during pre-assembly using optimized installation conditions can be achieved by using the optimized installation conditions as constraints to reverse-correct or redistribute tolerance deviations detected during pre-assembly. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by automatically adjusting the position of connection nodes in the parametric model to compensate for accumulated errors, and by replacing fine-tuning shims or eccentric connectors during physical trial assembly to achieve tolerance absorption, thereby shifting tolerance control from passive acceptance to active regulation and improving the component fit accuracy.

[0069] Based on the integrated assembly results, integrated curtain wall modules are generated for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall zones.

[0070] Based on the integrated assembly results, integrated curtain wall modules are generated for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall zones. This can be achieved by solidifying the optimized and adjusted high-precision assembly state into standard module data or physical units. Furthermore, this operation can be realized by exporting BIM module family files with assembly information for factory processing and generating CNC machining code to drive automated production lines to manufacture physical modules, thereby forming standardized prefabricated products that can be directly used for on-site installation.

[0071] For example, in the scenario of a super high-rise hyperboloid glass curtain wall project, the integrated engineering design collaborative system of this embodiment can be as follows: The east facade of a super high-rise building adopts a large-scale hyperboloid glass curtain wall. In the integration stage, the system first analyzes the interface positioning parameters of the steel keel secondary beam endpoints and the glass sub-frame, including three-dimensional coordinates, normals, and bolt hole positions. Then, virtual pre-assembly is performed in the BIM environment, and it is found that a 0.8mm gap exists between the glass edge and the keel due to a sudden change in curvature in a local area. The system calls the preset parametric integrated design optimization system, identifies that the area belongs to the high curvature transition zone, and automatically generates optimized installation conditions that include allowable fine-tuning angles and elastic shim thickness. Based on this, the tolerance parameters are adjusted, and the original fixed connection is changed to a connection node with ball joint adjustment. Finally, a standard module is generated based on the optimized integrated assembly results. The factory prefabricates the keel-glass integrated unit with pre-adjusted angles, and it is hoisted into place on site in one go without the need for on-site adjustments.

[0072] In one embodiment, identifying the irregular curved surface transition area in the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall includes: The curvature and rate of change of shape of each control point area are detected.

[0073] In this context, the control point region can be a local curtain wall surface neighborhood defined around each control point, serving as the basic analytical unit for calculating curvature and rate of change. Shape curvature can be a differential geometric quantity describing the degree of bending of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall surface at the control point, used to quantify the bending characteristics of local geometry. Furthermore, shape curvature can be calculated as Gaussian curvature or average curvature after fitting a local surface to a measured point cloud. Shape rate of change can be the spatial gradient of shape curvature, reflecting the non-uniformity of the surface bending characteristics, and can be used to identify areas of abrupt curvature changes or drastic fluctuations. In an exemplary embodiment, the shape rate of change can be obtained by performing difference or derivative operations on the shape curvature of adjacent control point regions. Detecting the shape curvature and rate of change of each control point region can be done by fitting a local surface within the neighborhood of each control point based on point cloud data acquired from multiple control point parameters, and calculating its curvature and its spatial gradient. For example, this operation can be achieved by fitting the local surface using the moving least squares method, taking the derivative, and directly estimating the curvature change using the grid Laplacian operator. This allows us to obtain basic parameters that reflect the local geometric complexity, providing input for subsequent region classification.

[0074] When the rate of curvature change of the curved transition area in the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is greater than the rate of curvature change of the conventional curved area, and the shape deviation of the curved transition area is greater than the shape deviation of the conventional curved area, it is marked as a potential irregular-shaped curved transition area.

[0075] The conventional curved surface region can be a curtain wall region with gentle curvature changes, small shape deviations, and uniform thickness distribution, which can be used as a comparison benchmark to identify abnormal areas. The rate of curvature change can be a further derivative of the rate of shape change, specifically referring to the magnitude of curvature change per unit length, and can be used as an important indicator for judging geometric discontinuities. Furthermore, the rate of curvature change, together with shape deviations, can constitute the initial screening criteria for potential irregular curved surface transition regions. Potential irregular curved surface transition regions can be candidate regions that have been preliminarily screened as potentially belonging to irregular curved surface transition regions, which can be used to narrow down the scope of subsequent 3D scanning cross-sectional analysis and improve computational efficiency. In a specific embodiment, a potential irregular curved surface transition region can be marked when both the rate of curvature change and shape deviation of a certain region are significantly higher than those of the conventional curved surface region. When the rate of curvature change of the curved transition area in a target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is greater than that of the conventional curved area, and the shape deviation of the curved transition area is greater than that of the conventional curved area, it is marked as a potential irregular-shaped curved transition area. This can be achieved by comparing the rate of curvature change and shape deviation of each control point area with the statistical mean or upper limit of the conventional area, and marking it if both conditions are met simultaneously. Furthermore, this operation can be implemented by setting a fixed multiple threshold (e.g., 1.5 times the standard deviation) and using a sliding window to dynamically calculate local conventional benchmarks before comparison, thus enabling preliminary screening of high-risk areas and avoiding high-cost analysis of the entire area.

[0076] A three-dimensional scanning profile analysis was performed on the transition region of the potential irregular curved surface to obtain the surface gradient thickness data.

[0077] Three-dimensional scanning profile analysis can be a technical process of cutting profiles along specific directions in the transition region of a potential irregular curved surface and performing geometric feature analysis. This can be used to extract thickness gradient information reflecting the actual physical state of the surface, assisting in judging the complexity of the structural transition. The surface gradient thickness data can be a numerical sequence obtained through three-dimensional scanning profile analysis, characterizing the continuous thickness change of the irregular curved surface in space. This can be used to reflect the actual state of material accumulation, structural superposition, or structural transition, providing a physical dimension supplement for the judgment threshold. For example, the surface gradient thickness data can be calculated from the distance between corresponding points between adjacent profiles, and after smoothing, a thickness gradient distribution is formed. To obtain surface gradient thickness data by performing three-dimensional scanning profile analysis on the transition region of a potential irregular curved surface, multiple parallel profiles can be generated along the principal curvature direction or normal direction within the marked potential region, and the distance between corresponding points between adjacent profiles can be calculated to obtain the thickness change sequence. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by cutting along the dual principal curvature directions separately and then fusing the thickness data, reconstructing the local solid model using a voxelization method, and then extracting the thickness field. This introduces physical structural dimension information, enhancing the reliability of transition region identification.

[0078] The threshold for determining the transition region of irregular curved surfaces is determined based on the curvature change rate, shape deviation, and surface gradient thickness data.

[0079] The judgment threshold can be a multi-parameter comprehensive criterion critical value used to distinguish the transition region of irregular curved surfaces from the region of regular curved surfaces. It can be used as a decision-making basis for automatically identifying the transition region of irregular curved surfaces, improving the objectivity and accuracy of identification. In one embodiment, the judgment threshold can be dynamically generated based on the curvature change rate, shape deviation, and surface gradient thickness data through statistical analysis or machine learning methods. Determining the judgment threshold of the transition region of irregular curved surfaces based on the curvature change rate, shape deviation, and surface gradient thickness data can be achieved by normalizing the three types of parameters and then weighting and fusing them, and automatically determining the classification boundary through clustering or anomaly detection algorithms. For example, this operation can be achieved by using the isolated forest algorithm to identify the set of anomalies in the multidimensional parameter space and back-derive the threshold, and then using K-means clustering to divide the region into two categories and taking the median value between the clusters as the threshold. This allows the establishment of a multidimensional, dynamic, and data-driven judgment standard to replace subjective experience judgment.

[0080] Based on the judgment threshold, each area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is judged one by one to obtain the irregular curved surface transition area.

[0081] Based on a threshold, each region of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is individually assessed to obtain the irregular curved surface transition region. This can be achieved by comparing the multi-dimensional parameter vectors of all regions with the threshold, and those that meet the criteria are ultimately confirmed as irregular curved surface transition regions. Furthermore, this operation can be implemented by merging adjacent positive points using a region growing algorithm after point-by-point assessment, and then marking the entire partition after overall evaluation by curtain wall grid units. This allows for the output of a precise spatial range, providing input for node layer-by-layer decomposition processing.

[0082] Taking the construction of a super high-rise irregular tower curtain wall as an example, the integrated engineering design collaborative system in this embodiment can be used to collect control points for the entire site before construction of a super high-rise building facade with a double-twisted spiral curved surface. The system first calculates the curvature and curvature change rate of each control point area and finds that the curvature change rate of the top converging section and the middle transition zone is more than twice that of the conventional facade area, and the measured shape deviation is 15 mm, which is much higher than the 5 mm of the conventional area. Therefore, it is marked as a potential irregular curved surface transition area. Subsequently, three-dimensional scanning cross-sectional analysis is performed on these two areas. The thickness is found to gradually change from 80 mm to 140 mm along the spiral axis. The system integrates three parameters and determines the judgment threshold through clustering. Finally, it confirms that the top 3-meter and middle 5-meter rings are the formal irregular curved surface transition areas. The result is directly input into the area identification module, triggering the node layer disassembly and processing process, providing accurate boundaries for the subsequent integrated installation benchmark layer construction.

[0083] In one embodiment, the transition area of ​​the irregular curved surface is subjected to node-by-node decomposition processing to obtain an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall, including: Based on the gradual thickness of the irregular curved surface transition region, the decomposition depth is divided into different levels of node hierarchy; The surface gradient thickness can be a geometric thickness parameter that continuously varies with spatial position, measured along the surface normal or a specific direction in the transition region of an irregular curved surface. It can serve as a key basis for dividing node levels, reflecting the differences in structural depth requirements due to curvature variations. In this embodiment, the surface gradient thickness can be obtained through normal offset analysis or cross-sectional sampling calculation of the NURBS or mesh model of the irregular curved surface transition region. The disassembly depth can be the constructible spatial range extending from the outer surface of the skin inwards to the main load-bearing structure during node layer disassembly. It can be used to define the physical spatial boundaries of node level division, ensuring the practical feasibility of each layer. The node level is a hierarchical unit with clear geometric and functional characteristics formed by discretizing the disassembly depth based on the surface gradient thickness. It can be used to provide vertical structural logic for subsequent node region division, achieving spatial decoupling of complex surfaces. Furthermore, the node level can be the basis for dividing node regions, with each node level corresponding to one or more node regions. Based on the gradual thickness of the irregular curved surface transition region, the disassembly depth is divided into different levels of nodes. This can be achieved by analyzing the spatial distribution pattern of the gradual thickness of the surface and dividing the disassembly depth into several discrete levels according to the thickness gradient or functional requirements. In an exemplary embodiment, this operation can be achieved through equal thickness interval division or non-uniform hierarchical division based on the structural stress sensitivity, thereby transforming the continuously changing geometric shape into a layered logical system that is structurally modelable and feasible for construction.

[0084] The transition region of the irregular curved surface is divided into different node regions according to different node levels; In this context, a node region can be a local spatial subdomain further divided within a specific node level based on geometric continuity or mechanical boundary conditions. It can provide a clear operational unit for benchmark positioning and disassembly processing, enabling the local structural design to possess both independence and coordination. Dividing the transition region of the irregular curved surface into different node regions according to different node levels can be achieved by dividing a local region with internal consistency within each node level based on surface topological features (such as Gaussian curvature extrema and boundary intersections). Furthermore, this operation can be implemented by mapping the UV mesh based on the surface parameter domain to three-dimensional space and using clustering algorithms to segment local normal or curvature features, thereby providing clear spatial and mechanical boundary conditions for refined structural design.

[0085] Different node regions are subjected to benchmark positioning decomposition processing to obtain benchmark positioning units corresponding to different node regions; The reference positioning unit can be a structural reference entity with an independent three-dimensional positioning reference, generated after performing reference positioning disassembly processing on a single node area. It can be used as a spatial reference for the installation of all components in that node area, ensuring local accuracy and global consistency. In this embodiment, the reference positioning unit can be generated by extracting key control points within the node area, defining a local coordinate system, and binding assembly constraints. Performing reference positioning disassembly processing on different node areas can involve defining local installation references within each node area, including control points, reference surfaces, and assembly constraints, and generating corresponding reference positioning units. For example, this operation can be achieved by automatically instantiating reference positioning units using BIM family templates and fitting a local best-fit plane based on point cloud data as the reference, thereby ensuring that each local area has an independent and traceable installation reference and avoiding cumulative errors when splicing multiple areas.

[0086] By integrating and calibrating the reference positioning units corresponding to different node areas, an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall is obtained.

[0087] Integrated calibration processing can be a process of spatial alignment, error compensation, and logical fusion of multiple reference positioning units in a unified global coordinate system. This can be used to eliminate accumulated deviations between units, forming a continuous and seamless integrated installation reference layer. Integrating and calibrating reference positioning units corresponding to different node regions can involve importing all reference positioning units into a unified coordinate system and performing global alignment and error allocation through least-squares optimization or constraint solvers. In a specific embodiment, this operation can be achieved by registering multi-unit point cloud references using the ICP algorithm and forcing geometric continuity between units through shared boundary control points, thereby forming a highly consistent and conflict-free integrated installation reference layer to support the precise assembly of subsequent modules.

[0088] Taking the construction of the top transition area of ​​a hyperboloid curtain wall on a super high-rise building as an example, the integrated engineering design collaborative system in this embodiment can be used to construct an irregular curved transition area with drastic curvature changes at the junction of the facade and the dome of a super high-rise tower's top curtain wall. The system first calculates the thickness of the curved transition in this area, finding that it gradually changes from 30mm at the top to 120mm at the sides. Based on this, the disassembly depth is divided into three node levels: a finishing fine-tuning layer, a connection and adaptation layer, and a main keel embedding layer. Within each layer, node areas such as corner convergence areas and edge transition areas are defined based on the intersection of curvature extreme lines and boundaries. A reference positioning unit with a local coordinate system and positioning pin holes is generated for each area. Finally, through integrated calibration, all units are aligned in the global BIM coordinate system to form a continuous integrated installation reference layer. Prefabricated modules are then installed on-site based on this, achieving millimeter-level seams and stress-free concentrated connections.

[0089] In one embodiment, integrated curtain wall modules are positioned and assembled on an integrated installation reference layer to obtain a finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building. The finished curtain wall system is then subjected to overall debugging and verification, including: The integrated installation reference layer is calibrated, and the module assembly accuracy requirements of the curtain wall area are calculated based on the unit area assembly volume of the calibrated integrated installation reference layer and the adaptation and positioning standards of the integrated curtain wall modules.

[0090] The benchmark calibration process involves correcting the geometric or spatial position of the integrated installation benchmark layer to align it with the actual building form or design intent. This ensures the high precision and reliability of the benchmark layer upon which subsequent module assembly relies. Furthermore, benchmark calibration can be performed by comparing measured data with theoretical models and using coordinate system fitting or local deformation compensation algorithms for correction. In an exemplary embodiment, benchmark calibration can employ least squares for global coordinate system fitting and implement piecewise deformation compensation for locally high-curvature areas. The unit area assembly volume refers to the physical space range corresponding to a single independently constructible area within the integrated installation benchmark layer and the number or volume of modules it accommodates. This serves as a fundamental parameter for calculating module assembly accuracy requirements, reflecting local construction complexity and assembly density. The adaptation positioning standard refers to the spatial positioning tolerances, connection alignment rules, and assembly logic constraints that integrated curtain wall modules must meet during installation. This provides a unified technical interface specification for module assembly, ensuring seamless inter-module connection. The modular assembly accuracy requirement can be dynamically derived from the unit area assembly volume and the adaptation positioning standard, representing an allowable installation deviation threshold for a specific curtain wall area. This can be used to achieve differentiated accuracy control, avoiding resource waste or insufficient quality caused by a one-size-fits-all acceptance approach. Furthermore, the modular assembly accuracy requirement can be mapped from volume characteristics and positioning standards to accuracy indicators using a parametric rule engine. In an exemplary embodiment, the modular assembly accuracy requirement can be achieved by predicting the optimal accuracy threshold based on a machine learning model and generating accuracy levels through conditional judgment using an expert rule base.

[0091] Benchmark calibration of the integrated installation benchmark layer can be achieved by collecting actual spatial data of the integrated installation benchmark layer, comparing it with the design benchmark, and then performing coordinate system or local geometric corrections. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by using the least squares method for global coordinate system fitting and implementing piecewise deformation compensation for local high-curvature areas, thereby improving the consistency between the benchmark layer and the actual building form and laying the foundation for high-precision assembly. Based on the unit area assembly volume of the calibrated integrated installation benchmark layer and the adaptation positioning standard of the integrated curtain wall modules, the module assembly accuracy requirements of the curtain wall area are calculated. This can be achieved by inputting the unit area assembly volume (such as module density and curvature complexity) and the adaptation positioning standard into a rule engine, which outputs the allowable installation tolerance range for that area. Further, this operation can be achieved by predicting the optimal accuracy threshold based on a machine learning model and using an expert rule base for conditional judgment to generate accuracy levels, thereby shifting accuracy control from experience-based judgment to data-driven, enabling dynamic generation of accuracy requirements and regionally differentiated configuration.

[0092] According to the installation sequence of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall and the required assembly accuracy of the modules, the curtain wall area is divided into zones for positioning and assembly, and the overall splicing seams are adjusted after the zone assembly is completed.

[0093] The installation sequence can be the logical or physical assembly order that the modules of each area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall should follow during construction. It can be used to control the error propagation path and prevent cumulative deviations caused by disordered assembly. Zonal positioning assembly can be a process of dividing the curtain wall area into several construction units according to the installation sequence and module assembly accuracy requirements, and then sequentially completing the module positioning and installation. This can be used to achieve orderly, controllable, and low-error on-site assembly. Furthermore, zonal positioning assembly can be driven by both module assembly accuracy requirements and the installation sequence. In a specific embodiment, zonal positioning assembly can use BIM4D simulation to guide the zonal construction sequence and AR-assisted systems to guide the installation of high-precision areas in real time. Zonal positioning assembly of the curtain wall area according to the installation sequence and module assembly accuracy requirements of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall can be achieved by combining the installation sequence with a planned construction flow line, and selecting corresponding assembly processes and measurement control methods according to the accuracy requirements of each area, completing the module installation zone by zone. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by using BIM4D simulation to guide the zonal construction sequence and AR-assisted systems to guide the installation of high-precision areas in real time, thereby controlling the error propagation path and improving overall assembly consistency.

[0094] Overall joint adjustment can be performed after the sectional assembly is completed, by uniformly fine-tuning the joints between adjacent modules to eliminate defects such as misalignment and uneven gaps. This can be used to ensure the visual continuity and structural airtightness of the facade. Overall joint adjustment after sectional assembly involves uniformly measuring and fine-tuning the joints of adjacent assembled modules to ensure that the gap width and flatness meet design requirements. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by using a laser level to assist in gap leveling and by using connectors with fine-tuning mechanisms for three-dimensional adjustment, thereby eliminating local misalignment and ensuring visual continuity and structural integrity.

[0095] After the curtain wall area is assembled, it is sealed as a whole. The assembled and sealed curtain wall area is then tested and adjusted according to the preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building.

[0096] Overall sealing is a process of waterproofing, airtightening, and weather-resistant sealing of the joints, nodes, and penetrations of the assembled curtain wall. It can improve the environmental adaptability and long-term service performance of the curtain wall system. Overall sealing of the assembled curtain wall area can involve applying sealant, sealing strips, or gaskets to joints, corners, and perforations to form a continuous sealing barrier. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved using a robotic automated sealant application system for uniform application, combined with manual sealing of complex nodes using specialized tools, thereby enhancing the curtain wall's waterproofing, airtightness, and durability.

[0097] Pre-set acceptance criteria can be a set of quantitative or qualitative technical indicators established before construction to judge whether the quality of curtain wall assembly and sealing meets the standards. These criteria provide objective evaluation basis for overall testing and commissioning, forming a quality closed loop. Overall testing and commissioning is a process of comprehensively inspecting the performance and condition of the sealed curtain wall area according to the pre-set acceptance criteria and making necessary corrections. This confirms that the finished curtain wall system meets design, specification, and usage requirements. Overall testing and commissioning of the assembled and sealed curtain wall area according to the pre-set acceptance criteria can utilize methods such as 3D scanning, infrared thermal imaging, and airtightness testing to evaluate curtain wall performance against the pre-set acceptance criteria and correct any non-compliance. Furthermore, this operation can be achieved by automatically comparing measured and standard data through a digital twin platform and organizing multi-disciplinary joint on-site acceptance meetings, thereby forming a closed-loop quality control to ensure that the finished curtain wall system fully meets the standards.

[0098] Taking the construction of a super high-rise irregular tower curtain wall as an example, the integrated engineering design and collaborative system in this embodiment can be a super high-rise building with a spiral-rising hyperbolic curtain wall at the top. After the integrated installation benchmark layer is established, the benchmark is first calibrated using a total station. The system automatically calculates the module assembly accuracy requirements of ±3mm for the bottom area and ±1.5mm for the top transition area based on the unit area assembly volume of each floor ring (e.g., 12 modules per ring) and the module's matching positioning standard (±2mm alignment tolerance). The construction team completes the low-precision area assembly first, and then gradually advances to the high-precision transition area according to the bottom-up installation sequence. After each ring is completed, the overall splicing joint is adjusted, and adjustable pressure plates are used to eliminate the height difference between modules. After all the assembly is completed, weather-resistant silicone sealant is used to seal all joints. Finally, based on the preset acceptance standards including geometric deviation ≤2mm, air tightness reaching Class A, and no visible misalignment, the system is tested and debugged by using a drone equipped with infrared and visual sensors to confirm that the finished curtain wall system meets the high-quality delivery requirements.

[0099] In one embodiment, the assembled and sealed curtain wall area is subjected to overall testing and debugging according to preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular-shaped building, including: The parameters obtained from the overall inspection are divided into three categories: structural safety parameters, facade effect parameters, and installation accuracy parameters. Among these, the parameters obtained from the overall inspection can be a set of quantitative data reflecting the performance and status of the assembled and sealed curtain wall area, which can be used as the original basis for judging whether the curtain wall quality meets the standards. Structural safety parameters can be inspection indicators characterizing the structural stability and connection reliability of the curtain wall system under load, which can be used to assess whether the curtain wall meets structural safety requirements. Facade effect parameters can be inspection indicators describing the visual continuity, flatness, and color consistency of the curtain wall surface, which can be used to judge whether the architectural aesthetic expression meets the standards. In an exemplary embodiment, facade effect parameters may include joint straightness, panel reflectivity consistency, and surface smoothness. Installation accuracy parameters can be geometric inspection indicators reflecting the degree of deviation between the actual installation position and the design position of the modules, which can be used to verify whether the construction assembly accuracy meets the control requirements.

[0100] Each type of test parameter is compared with the preset graded acceptance threshold, and unqualified curtain wall sections that do not meet the acceptance threshold are marked. The graded acceptance threshold can be a multi-level pass / fail threshold set for different categories of test parameters, which can be used to support differentiated and refined quality acceptance decisions. Unqualified curtain wall sections can be local curtain wall areas marked as failing to meet the corresponding graded acceptance threshold after parameter comparison. These can be used as target units requiring correction or replacement, achieving precise problem location. Comparing each type of test parameter with the preset graded acceptance threshold allows for item-by-item comparison of each parameter against its corresponding graded acceptance threshold to determine if it exceeds the allowable range. For example, this comparison can be automatically performed by embedding a rule engine in the BIM platform and exporting data to dedicated quality inspection software for threshold verification, thereby achieving objective and quantitative pass / fail judgment. Marking unqualified curtain wall sections that do not meet the acceptance threshold can be done by marking the physical areas corresponding to the parameters marked as exceeding the limit in the comparison results as unqualified sections in the digital model. Furthermore, this marking can be achieved by highlighting unqualified areas in the 3D model and generating a list of unqualified sections with coordinates, thereby accurately locating quality problem areas and avoiding rework across the entire area.

[0101] For the unqualified curtain wall zones, retrieve the original parameters of the corresponding integrated curtain wall modules, complete the local parameter correction in the parametric collaborative design model, regenerate the corrected integrated curtain wall modules, and replace and install them on site. The original parameters of the integrated curtain wall modules can be the complete parameter set of the integrated curtain wall modules used in the initial design stage within the unqualified curtain wall partitions, which can be used to provide a benchmark data source for local parameter correction. Furthermore, the original parameters of the integrated curtain wall modules can be retrieved and input into the parametric collaborative design model for correction. The parametric collaborative design model can be a digital design environment that supports the linkage adjustment of keel, skin, and interface parameters, and can be used to achieve rapid local design iteration based on measured feedback. Local parameter correction can be a limited-range adjustment operation of the module parameters corresponding to the unqualified partitions in the parametric collaborative design model, which can be used to ensure that the corrected modules can adapt to the actual site conditions without affecting the overall system coordination. The corrected integrated curtain wall modules can be standardized curtain wall modules regenerated after local parameter correction and matched with the measured site conditions, which can be used to replace the original unqualified modules to ensure that the final product quality meets the standards. Furthermore, the corrected integrated curtain wall modules can maintain compatibility with the original system interface parameters and can be directly used for on-site replacement and installation.

[0102] For non-compliant curtain wall zones, the original parameters of the corresponding integrated curtain wall modules are retrieved. This can be done by searching the design database for the original design parameters of the corresponding modules based on the spatial identifier of the non-compliant zone. Furthermore, this retrieval can be achieved by automatically associating the parameter library with the zone ID or by manually selecting the corresponding module and exporting the parameters, thus providing an accurate design starting point for subsequent corrections. Local parameter correction is completed in the parametric collaborative design model, which can be done by adjusting only the local geometric or connection parameters related to the non-compliance issue while maintaining overall system constraints. For example, this correction can be achieved by automatically recommending correction amounts based on the deviation direction, or by the designer manually dragging and adjusting the parameters and the system automatically updating the associated components, thus achieving design adaptation with minimal intervention and maintaining system consistency. The corrected integrated curtain wall modules are then regenerated and installed on-site. This can be done by outputting the processing drawings and positioning information of the corrected modules, prefabricating them in the factory, and transporting them to the site to replace the original modules. Furthermore, this process can be achieved by returning the original modules to the factory for modification and reuse, or by directly producing entirely new corrected modules for replacement, thus transforming design corrections into physical implementation and resolving actual deviation issues.

[0103] The area after replacement and installation is retested at single points. When the test parameters of all areas meet the preset acceptance standards, the final qualified finished curtain wall system for the target irregular building is obtained.

[0104] Single-point retesting can be a targeted, high-precision inspection of a specific area after replacement and installation. It can be used to verify the effectiveness of corrective measures and avoid rework. In one specific embodiment, single-point retesting can use a handheld laser rangefinder to verify key points and obtain local point clouds through close-range photogrammetry. The final qualified finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building can be a complete curtain wall entity after all area inspection parameters have been confirmed to meet standards, and can be used as the final deliverable of the project.

[0105] The area after replacement and installation is re-tested at a single point. This can focus on key control points in the replacement area, collecting post-installation status data and comparing it with acceptance standards. Furthermore, this retest can be performed using a total station to measure the coordinates of the four corners of the module, or by acquiring local high-density point clouds through structured light scanning. This verifies the effectiveness of the correction and prevents secondary deviations. When the test parameters of all areas meet the preset acceptance standards, the final qualified finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building is obtained. This process of testing, correction, replacement, and retesting can be repeated cyclically until no unqualified areas remain. For example, this determination can be achieved by the system automatically summarizing the test results of each round and determining whether the loop is closed, or by the project team holding a final acceptance meeting to confirm the delivery status. This ensures that the finished curtain wall system fully meets structural, aesthetic, and precision requirements.

[0106] Taking a large-scale transportation hub's irregularly shaped skylight curtain wall project as an example, the integrated engineering design collaborative system in this embodiment can be used for a high-speed railway station roof that adopts a free-form ETFE membrane structure and aluminum panel hybrid curtain wall. The system has acquired data from more than 2,000 measuring points. The system automatically classifies the parameters into structural safety categories (such as node displacement), facade effect categories (such as aluminum panel reflectivity continuity), and installation accuracy categories (such as three-dimensional coordinate deviation). After comparing with the graded acceptance threshold, it was found that the installation accuracy of three zones on the east side exceeded the limit due to steel structure settlement, and they were marked as unqualified curtain wall zones. The system automatically retrieves the original parameters of the integrated curtain wall modules corresponding to these three zones and performs a +8mm compensation correction on the Z-axis coordinate of the keel connection point in the parametric collaborative design model. The corrected modules are quickly remanufactured in the factory and precisely replaced and installed on site using a suspended platform. Subsequently, single-point retesting is performed on the replacement area to confirm that the deviation has converged to within ±1.2mm. After three rounds of iteration, all areas meet the standards, forming the final qualified finished curtain wall system.

[0107] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated collaborative system for engineering design, characterized in that, The system includes: The curtain wall division module is used to collect parameters from multiple control points of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point, and divide the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall partitions based on the architectural shape deviation parameters. The component generation module is used to generate parameterized keel systems and integrated skin units that are adapted to the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular building. The fusion module is used to match and fuse the parameterized keel system with the integrated skin unit through interface parameter matching to obtain an integrated curtain wall module for the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions; The region identification module is used to identify the irregular curved transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall, and to perform node layering and disassembly processing on the irregular curved transition area to obtain the integrated installation reference layer of the target irregular curtain wall. The assembly and verification module is used to position and assemble the integrated curtain wall module on the integrated installation reference layer to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building, and to perform overall debugging and verification of the finished curtain wall system.

2. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves collecting parameters from multiple control points on the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall to obtain architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point, including: Representative analysis units are selected within the curtain wall area of ​​the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall, wherein each analysis unit includes a planar curtain wall area and an irregular curved curtain wall area; According to the preset grid accuracy distribution principle, detection control points are arranged in the analysis unit, and the on-site solid modeling parameters of each control point are collected; The deviation between the collected on-site physical shape parameters and the design shape parameters is calculated to obtain the architectural shape deviation parameters for each control point.

3. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dividing the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall into different types of irregular-shaped curtain wall zones based on the architectural shape deviation parameters includes: The architectural shape deviation parameters of each control point are compared with the preset allowable deviation threshold range; Based on the comparison results and the structural stress requirements and dominant factors of the facade effect of the target irregular building, the curtain wall of the target irregular building is divided into different types of areas; Identify the spatial boundary parameter information of the different types of regions, and perform supplementary control point re-measurement on the different types of regions based on the spatial boundary parameter information to obtain different types of irregular curtain wall partitions.

4. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parameterized keel system and integrated skin unit, adapted to the different types of irregular curtain wall partitions, are generated based on the overall shape parameters and structural load parameters of the target irregular building, including: The stress level of different types of irregular curtain wall sections is determined based on the structural load parameters, and the structural load-bearing optimization direction of the keel is determined based on the stress level. According to the structural load-bearing optimization direction, a suitable standardized keel component is matched from the preset keel component library; Before assembly, the interface compatibility of the matched standardized keel components is verified. The standardized keel components that pass the interface compatibility verification are parametrically adjusted and modeled to obtain a parametric keel system for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. Based on the facade effect parameters and energy-saving requirements of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions of the target irregular building, the performance supplementation requirements of the skin unit are determined, and the basic skin profile is selected based on the shape curvature parameters of different types of irregular curtain wall partitions. The parameter ratio of the basic skin profile is adjusted according to the performance supplement requirements, and the parameter-adjusted basic skin profile is subjected to parameterized mold opening preprocessing to obtain the initial skin unit. The initial skin unit is subjected to interface tolerance adjustment, and the adjusted skin unit is subjected to load and performance testing to obtain an integrated skin unit.

5. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The interface compatibility verification of the matched standardized keel components before assembly includes: The interface dimensional tolerances of the standardized keel components are analyzed using BIM modeling and parametric measurement, and the deviation range of each component in the standardized keel components is determined based on the interface dimensional tolerances. Finite element analysis was used to quantify the load-sharing effect of each splicing node in the standardized keel component on the overall structural load, and the splicing synergy effect between different components was verified based on the load-sharing effect and the deviation range. If the splicing and coordination effect does not meet the preset standard, adjust the parameter modification amount of each component, and return to the step of using BIM modeling to analyze the interface size tolerance of the standardized keel component until the splicing and coordination effect meets the preset standard. For standardized keel components whose splicing and coordination effects meet preset standards, collision detection is used to analyze the spatial positional relationship between the standardized keel components that meet preset standards and pipelines and main structure, and the interference with the main structure and internal and external pipelines during the splicing process is determined based on the spatial positional relationship. The deformation and stress distribution of the overall keel system after the standardized keel components conforming to the preset standards are analyzed, and the installation and adaptation characteristics of the keel system are analyzed based on the interference and the deformation and stress distribution. Standardized keel components that meet the splicing and coordination requirements and have excellent installation and adaptation features are considered qualified keel components for compatibility verification.

6. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of matching and fusing the parameterized keel system with the integrated skin unit through interface parameters to obtain integrated curtain wall modules for the different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions includes: Analyze the interface positioning parameters between the parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit; The parameterized keel system and the integrated skin unit are pre-assembled and matched according to the interface positioning parameters. Based on the optimization system of the preset parametric integrated design, the optimized installation conditions for different types of irregular curtain wall partitions are determined, and the tolerance parameters in the pre-assembly process are optimized and adjusted using the optimized installation conditions to obtain the integrated assembly result. Based on the integrated assembly results, integrated curtain wall modules are generated for different types of irregularly shaped curtain wall partitions.

7. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of the irregular curved surface transition area in the target irregular building curtain wall includes: Detect the curvature and rate of change of shape in the area of ​​each control point; When the rate of curvature change of the curved transition area in the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is greater than the rate of curvature change of the conventional curved area and the shape deviation of the curved transition area is greater than the shape deviation of the conventional curved area, it is marked as a potential irregular-shaped curved transition area. Three-dimensional scanning cross-sectional analysis was performed on the potential irregular curved surface transition region to obtain the surface gradient thickness data; The threshold for determining the transition region of the irregular curved surface is determined based on the curvature change rate, the shape deviation, and the surface gradient thickness data. Based on the aforementioned judgment threshold, each region of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall is judged one by one to obtain the irregular curved surface transition region.

8. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing node-by-node layering and disassembly of the irregular curved surface transition area to obtain an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall includes: Based on the gradual thickness of the irregular curved surface transition region, the disassembly depth is divided into different levels of node hierarchy; The irregular curved surface transition region is divided into different node regions according to different node levels; The different node regions are subjected to benchmark positioning decomposition processing to obtain benchmark positioning units corresponding to different node regions; By integrating and calibrating the reference positioning units corresponding to different node areas, an integrated installation reference layer for the target irregular curtain wall is obtained.

9. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves assembling the integrated curtain wall modules on the integrated installation reference layer to obtain the finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building, and then conducting overall debugging and verification of the finished curtain wall system, including: The integrated installation reference layer is subjected to reference calibration, and the module assembly accuracy requirements of the curtain wall area are calculated based on the unit area assembly volume of the calibrated integrated installation reference layer and the adaptation and positioning standard of the integrated curtain wall module. According to the installation sequence of the target irregular-shaped building curtain wall and the module assembly accuracy requirements, the curtain wall area is divided into zones for positioning and assembly, and the overall splicing seams are adjusted after the zone assembly is completed. After the curtain wall area is assembled, it is sealed as a whole. The assembled and sealed curtain wall area is then tested and adjusted according to the preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system of the target irregular building.

10. The integrated engineering design collaborative system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The process of conducting overall testing and debugging of the assembled and sealed curtain wall area according to preset acceptance standards to obtain the finished curtain wall system for the target irregular-shaped building includes: The parameters obtained from the overall inspection are divided into three categories: structural safety parameters, facade effect parameters, and installation accuracy parameters. Each type of test parameter is compared with the preset graded acceptance threshold, and unqualified curtain wall sections that do not meet the acceptance threshold are marked. For the unqualified curtain wall zones, retrieve the original parameters of the corresponding integrated curtain wall modules, complete the local parameter correction in the parametric collaborative design model, regenerate the corrected integrated curtain wall modules, and replace and install them on site. The area after replacement and installation is retested at single points. When the test parameters of all areas meet the preset acceptance standards, the final qualified finished curtain wall system for the target irregular building is obtained.

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