Vacuum vapor phase welding process parameter recommendation method and system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of microelectronic interconnection, array antenna manufacturing and electronic assembly technology, and discloses a vacuum vapor welding process parameter recommendation method and system, which comprises the following steps: step S1: establishing a sample database based on antenna array surface body characteristics; step S2: constructing a plurality of sets of characteristic vector sets based on the sample database; step S3: establishing a coupling response relationship among antenna array surface thermal structure characteristics, vacuum vapor welding process parameters and welding quality indexes based on the plurality of sets of characteristic vector sets; step S4: acquiring thermal structure characteristic parameters of a to-be-welded antenna array surface, and constructing corresponding antenna array surface thermal structure characteristic vectors according to the thermal structure characteristic parameters; step S5: obtaining a vacuum vapor welding process parameter combination according to a preset welding quality constraint condition through the coupling response relationship; and step S6: welding the to-be-welded antenna array surface. The application can solve the problems that different antenna array surfaces are difficult to directly reuse the vacuum vapor welding process parameters due to the differences in thermal structure characteristics, the array surface welding is difficult, and the quality is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of electronic interconnection, array antenna manufacturing, and electronic assembly technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum phase welding is a welding process that uses phase change heat transfer of a gaseous medium to heat the workpiece. In this type of process, the gaseous medium undergoes vaporization and condensation under certain pressure and temperature conditions, and transfers heat to the workpiece to be welded through condensation heat release.

[0003] Antenna array products typically feature a large number of array elements, densely distributed solder joints, large structural dimensions, curved surface features, and high welding reliability requirements. The structural parameters and assembly characteristics of different antenna arrays are influenced by factors such as operating frequency band, array aperture, beam scanning performance, gain requirements, structural load-bearing requirements, heat dissipation requirements, installation constraints, and lightweight design. This results in differences in material systems, array volume, element distribution, effective welding area, equivalent surface density, and equivalent porosity. These differences further affect the workpiece heat capacity and vapor-liquid demand during vacuum phase welding, making it difficult to determine the vapor-liquid usage and related vacuum phase welding process parameters uniformly through fixed empirical values.

[0004] Existing methods struggle to establish effective parameter relationships for vapor-liquid content, vacuum level, and temperature curve parameters based on the specific thermal structural characteristics of antenna arrays. This results in the process migration and reuse between different array products still relying heavily on experimental verification. Therefore, a recommended method for vacuum vapor-phase welding process windows based on the characteristics of antenna arrays is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method and system for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters, so as to solve the problem that vacuum phase welding process parameters are difficult to reuse directly due to differences in thermal structural characteristics of different antenna arrays; The solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is: on the one hand: This invention discloses a method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Establish a sample database based on the body features of the antenna array; Step S2: Based on the sample database, construct the thermal structure feature vector of the antenna array, the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector, and the welding quality index vector to form multiple feature vector sets; Step S3: Establish the coupling response relationship between antenna array thermal structure characteristics, vacuum phase welding process parameters and welding quality indicators based on multiple sets of feature vectors; Step S4: Obtain the thermal structure feature parameters of the antenna array to be welded, and construct the corresponding antenna array thermal structure feature vector based on the thermal structure feature parameters; Step S5: Based on the coupling response relationship and the preset welding quality constraints, obtain the required combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters. Step S6: Based on the combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters and corresponding welding quality indicators, perform welding of the antenna array to be welded.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the sample database includes multiple sets of sample datasets, each set of sample datasets including thermal structural characteristic parameters of the same antenna array, corresponding vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality indicators.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the thermal structural characteristic parameters include basic structural parameters and thermal parameters; The basic structural parameters include one or more of the following: antenna array dimensions, material, thickness, volume, number of array elements, effective welding area, equivalent array element surface density, and equivalent porosity. The thermal parameters include the mass of the antenna array, the specific heat capacity of the material, and the equivalent heat capacity.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the effective welding area is used to characterize the area of ​​the welding region between the radio frequency microstrip board and the cavity in the antenna array; The equivalent array element surface density is determined based on the ratio of the number of array elements to the effective welding area; The equivalent porosity is determined based on the ratio of the sum of the projected areas of openings, slots, or element gaps within the effective welding area to the effective welding area. The equivalent heat capacity is determined based on the mass of the antenna array and the specific heat capacity of the material.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the vacuum phase welding process parameters include the amount of liquid phase used, the vacuum degree, the initial vacuuming temperature, the holding time, and the peak temperature. The welding quality indicators include void rate and short-circuit defect rate of weld joints.

[0010] In some possible implementations, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: The thermal structural characteristic parameters, vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality indicators in each sample dataset are preprocessed to form structured sample data. A thermal structure feature vector X is constructed based on structured sample data of thermal structure feature parameters; a vacuum phase welding process parameter vector P is constructed based on structured sample data of vacuum phase welding process parameters; and a welding quality index vector Y is constructed based on structured sample data of welding quality indexes. Construct a feature vector set for the same antenna array.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the feature vector set is represented as: Di = {Xi, Pi, Yi}; in, Xi represents the thermal structure feature vector of the i-th antenna array; Pi represents the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector corresponding to the i-th sample antenna array; Yi represents the welding quality index vector obtained from the post-weld inspection of the i-th sample antenna array. Di represents the feature vector set of the i-th sample antenna array.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the coupling response relationship in step S3 is as follows: Y=F(X,P); Where X represents the characteristic vector of the thermal structure of the antenna array; P represents the vector of vacuum phase welding process parameters; Y represents the welding quality index vector; F represents a multivariable nonlinear mapping function.

[0013] In some possible implementations, step S7 is also included, which involves storing the actual welding quality index, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters after welding in step S6 in the sample database, and correcting the coupling response relationship based on the actual welding quality index, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters.

[0014] on the one hand: The present invention also discloses a vacuum phase welding process parameter recommendation system, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the recommendation method described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and system for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters to solve or improve the problem that vacuum phase welding process parameters for reliable welding of different antenna arrays are difficult to reuse directly and require repeated process debugging due to differences in thermal structural characteristics. This invention establishes a coupling response relationship between the thermal structural characteristic parameters of the antenna array, vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality. Under the condition of satisfying welding quality constraints, it outputs the combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters and iterates the welding quality index, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters of the antenna array after welding. This provides a data foundation for subsequent process recommendations, parameter corrections, and model updates, reducing the workload of process engineers who rely on experience to repeatedly experiment to determine parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. In the implementation of this application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple positioning posts refer to two or more positioning posts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail.

[0019] on the one hand: like Figure 1 As shown: This invention discloses a method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Establish a sample database based on the body features of the antenna array; Specifically, the sample database includes multiple sets of sample datasets. Each set of sample datasets includes the thermal structural characteristic parameters of the same antenna array, the corresponding vacuum phase welding process parameters, and the welding quality indicators. The multiple sets of sample datasets are the thermal structural characteristic parameters, the corresponding vacuum phase welding process parameters, and the welding quality indicators corresponding to multiple sets of antenna arrays. The thermal structural characteristic parameters include basic structural parameters and thermal parameters; The basic structural parameters include one or more of the following: antenna array dimensions, material, thickness, volume, number of array elements, effective welding area, equivalent array element surface density, and equivalent porosity. The thermal parameters include the mass of the antenna array, the specific heat capacity of the material, and the equivalent heat capacity. The effective welding area is used to characterize the area of ​​the welding region between the radio frequency microstrip board and the cavity in the antenna array. The equivalent array element surface density is determined based on the ratio of the number of array elements to the effective welding area; The equivalent porosity is determined based on the ratio of the sum of the projected areas of openings, slots, or element gaps within the effective welding area to the effective welding area. The equivalent heat capacity is determined based on the mass of the antenna array and the specific heat capacity of the material. The vacuum phase welding process parameters include the amount of liquid phase, vacuum degree, initial vacuuming temperature, holding time, and peak temperature; the initial vacuuming temperature, holding time, and peak temperature form a temperature curve, and the peak temperature that cannot be directly set by the equipment can be recorded as a process response parameter. The welding quality indicators include void rate and short-circuit defect rate at weld joints; Specifically, the void ratio can be determined based on the ratio of the void area to the effective solder area in the X-ray inspection image; the solder joint short-circuit defect rate can be determined based on the ratio of the number of solder joints with bridging or electrical short-circuit defects to the total number of solder joints of the antenna array elements.

[0020] Step S2: Based on the sample database, construct the thermal structure feature vector of the antenna array, the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector, and the welding quality index vector to form multiple feature vector sets; Specifically, the following steps are included: The thermal structural characteristic parameters, vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality indicators in each sample dataset are preprocessed to form structured sample data. A thermal structure feature vector X is constructed based on structured sample data of thermal structure feature parameters; a vacuum phase welding process parameter vector P is constructed based on structured sample data of vacuum phase welding process parameters; and a welding quality index vector Y is constructed based on structured sample data of welding quality indexes. Construct a feature vector set for the same antenna array: The feature vector set is represented as follows: Di = {Xi, Pi, Yi}; in, Xi represents the thermal structure feature vector of the i-th antenna array; Pi represents the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector corresponding to the i-th sample antenna array; Yi represents the welding quality index vector obtained from the post-weld inspection of the i-th sample antenna array. Di represents the feature vector set of the i-th sample antenna array.

[0021] Step S3: Establish the coupled response relationship between antenna array thermal structure characteristics, vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality indicators based on multiple sets of feature vectors. The coupled response relationship is used to characterize the influence of vacuum phase welding process parameters on void ratio and solder joint short-circuit defect rate under different antenna array thermal structure characteristics. Specifically, the coupled response relationship can be established through orthogonal experiments, response surface experiments, regression analysis, machine learning-assisted models, and / or mechanism correction methods. The coupling response relationship in step S3 is as follows: Y=F(X,P); Where X represents the characteristic vector of the thermal structure of the antenna array; P represents the vector of vacuum phase welding process parameters; Y represents the welding quality index vector; F represents a multivariable nonlinear mapping function; Step S4: Obtain the thermal structure feature parameters of the antenna array to be welded, and construct the corresponding antenna array thermal structure feature vector based on the thermal structure feature parameters; Step S5: Based on the coupling response relationship and the preset welding quality constraints, obtain the required combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters. For example, for an antenna array to be welded, its thermal structural characteristic parameters are obtained, and the corresponding thermal structural characteristic vector Xnew is constructed; the thermal structural characteristic vector Xnew is input into the coupling response relation to obtain the vacuum phase welding process parameter combination Pnew and the corresponding welding quality index, which yields: Pnew=F1(Xnew), Ynew = F2(Xnew, Pnew); Wherein, Pnew represents the combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters for the antenna array to be welded; Ynew represents the welding quality index corresponding to this combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters.

[0022] Step S6: Based on the combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters and corresponding welding quality indicators, perform welding of the antenna array to be welded; Step S7: The actual welding quality indicators, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters after welding in step S6 are associated and stored in the sample database. The coupling response relationship is then corrected based on the actual welding quality indicators, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters. Through the above-mentioned associated storage method, a sample data basis is formed for establishing coupling response relationships and iteratively correcting them, thereby providing a basis for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameter combinations and predicting welding quality indicators. It should be noted that the sample database in this invention can be derived from historical process data, empirical process data, orthogonal experimental data, and response surface experimental data; among them, for the data obtained through orthogonal experiments, each set of data corresponds to a set of frontal thermal structure characteristic parameters, a set of vacuum phase welding process parameters, and a set of welding quality inspection results. on the one hand: The present invention also discloses a vacuum phase welding process parameter recommendation system, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the recommendation method described above.

[0023] This invention establishes a coupling response relationship by correlating thermal structural characteristic parameters of the antenna array, such as the effective welding area, number of array elements, thickness, equivalent void ratio, mass, and equivalent heat capacity, with vacuum phase welding process parameters, such as vapor phase liquid usage, vacuum degree, initial vacuuming temperature, heating time, holding time, and peak temperature, as well as welding quality indicators. Based on this coupling response relationship, a range of vacuum phase welding process parameters that meet welding quality constraints can be output for new antenna arrays, reducing the workload of process personnel who rely on repeated experiments to determine parameters based on experience. At the same time, the detection results such as the void ratio and short-circuit defect rate of the actual welded joints can be correlated and stored with the corresponding thermal structural characteristics of the antenna array, the actual vapor phase liquid usage, vacuum degree, and temperature curve parameters, providing a data basis for the correction of subsequent recommendations for vacuum phase welding process parameters of antenna arrays.

[0024] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for recommending process parameters for vacuum phase welding, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step S1: Establish a sample database based on the body features of the antenna array; Step S2: Based on the sample database, construct the thermal structure feature vector of the antenna array, the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector, and the welding quality index vector to form multiple feature vector sets; Step S3: Establish the coupling response relationship between antenna array thermal structure characteristics, vacuum phase welding process parameters and welding quality indicators based on multiple sets of feature vectors; Step S4: Obtain the thermal structure feature parameters of the antenna array to be welded, and construct the corresponding antenna array thermal structure feature vector based on the thermal structure feature parameters; Step S5: Based on the coupling response relationship and the preset welding quality constraints, obtain the required combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters. Step S6: Based on the combination of vacuum phase welding process parameters and corresponding welding quality indicators, perform welding of the antenna array to be assembled.

2. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample database includes multiple sets of sample datasets. Each set of sample datasets includes the thermal structural characteristic parameters of the same antenna array, the corresponding vacuum phase welding process parameters, and the welding quality indicators.

3. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal structural characteristic parameters include basic structural parameters and thermal parameters; The basic structural parameters include one or more of the following: antenna array dimensions, material, thickness, volume, number of array elements, effective welding area, equivalent array element surface density, and equivalent porosity. The thermal parameters include the mass of the antenna array, the specific heat capacity of the material, and the equivalent heat capacity.

4. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that, The effective welding area is used to characterize the area of ​​the welding region between the radio frequency microstrip board and the cavity in the antenna array. The equivalent array element surface density is determined based on the ratio of the number of array elements to the effective welding area; The equivalent porosity is determined based on the ratio of the sum of the projected areas of openings, slots, or element gaps within the effective welding area to the effective welding area. The equivalent heat capacity is determined based on the mass of the antenna array and the specific heat capacity of the material.

5. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum phase welding process parameters include the amount of liquid phase, vacuum degree, initial vacuuming temperature, holding time, and peak temperature. The welding quality indicators include void rate and short-circuit defect rate of weld joints.

6. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: The thermal structural characteristic parameters, vacuum phase welding process parameters, and welding quality indicators in each sample dataset are preprocessed to form structured sample data. A thermal structure feature vector X is constructed based on structured sample data of thermal structure feature parameters; a vacuum phase welding process parameter vector P is constructed based on structured sample data of vacuum phase welding process parameters; and a welding quality index vector Y is constructed based on structured sample data of welding quality indexes. Construct a feature vector set for the same antenna array.

7. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feature vector set is represented as follows: Di = {Xi, Pi, Yi}; in, Xi represents the thermal structure feature vector of the i-th antenna array; Pi represents the vacuum phase welding process parameter vector corresponding to the i-th sample antenna array; Yi represents the welding quality index vector obtained from the post-weld inspection of the i-th sample antenna array. Di represents the feature vector set of the i-th sample antenna array.

8. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coupling response relationship in step S3 is as follows: Y=F(X,P); Where X represents the characteristic vector of the thermal structure of the antenna array; P represents the vector of vacuum phase welding process parameters; Y represents the welding quality index vector; F represents a multivariable nonlinear mapping function.

9. The method for recommending vacuum phase welding process parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes step S7, which involves storing the actual welding quality index, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters after welding in step S6 in the sample database, and correcting the coupling response relationship based on the actual welding quality index, thermal structural characteristic parameters, and vacuum phase welding process parameters.

10. A vacuum phase welding process parameter recommendation system, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the recommended method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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