A method for determining equivalent charge and predicting vibration of electronic detonator hole-by-hole millisecond blasting

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of blasting vibration prediction and control technology, and discloses a method for determining the equivalent charge and predicting vibration in electronic detonator-based micro-differential blasting, comprising the following steps: S1, site foundation parameter calibration: calibrating site characteristic parameters α and β; S2, equivalent blast source location determination: determining the R distance from each monitoring point to the equivalent blast source. e and H e S3, equivalent charge fitting calculation: Taking the S1 calibration values ​​of α and β as fixed values, the calculation is based on the measured vibration data from hole-by-hole blasting and R... e and H e Perform synchronous fitting and solve Q. eq and K e Establish a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting; S4. Physical verification of equivalent charge: Perform Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of hole-by-hole blasting to calculate the peak equivalent charge Q. peak If Q peak With Q eq If the relative error ε is less than the preset threshold ε0, then Q is determined to be... eq Reasonable. This invention patent solves the technical problems in the prior art where it is difficult to determine the maximum single-stage charge under micro-delay initiation conditions and where the applicability of the Sadovsky formula is limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting vibration prediction and control technology, specifically to a method for determining the equivalent charge and predicting vibration in micro-differential blasting using electronic detonators. Background Technology

[0002] In electronic detonator-initiated blasting systems, deep-hole sequential micro-delay blasting technology is widely used in bench blasting of steep slopes to effectively control the impact of blasting vibrations on slope stability and the surrounding environment. Accurately understanding the vibration attenuation characteristics of sequential micro-delay blasting is of significant engineering importance for predicting vibration hazards and ensuring construction safety.

[0003] Currently, the Sadovsky formula is the most commonly used empirical model for analyzing the vibration decay law of blasting, in which the maximum single-stage charge is the key parameter for predicting the peak particle velocity (PPV). However, under sequential micro-delay initiation conditions, due to the typically small inter-hole delay (a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds), the stress waves generated by successively detonated holes undergo complex spatiotemporal superposition, causing the vibration waveform to no longer be dominated by a single hole. In this case, the traditional concept of maximum single-stage charge is difficult to apply directly, severely limiting the applicability of the Sadovsky formula in predicting the peak vibration of sequential micro-delay blasting. Therefore, how to scientifically determine the equivalent single-stage charge under sequential micro-delay initiation conditions has become a core problem that urgently needs to be solved in analyzing the vibration law using empirical formulas. However, currently, there is still a lack of a clear and universally applicable method for calculating the equivalent charge for sequential micro-delay initiation modes using electronic detonators, which restricts the in-depth application of the Sadovsky formula in this technical scenario. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-delay blasting of electronic detonators, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art where it is difficult to determine the traditional maximum single-stage charge quantity under hole-by-hole micro-delay initiation conditions and the applicability of the Sadovsky formula is limited.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for determining the equivalent charge amount for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting with electronic detonators, comprising the following steps: S1. Site basic parameter calibration: A single-hole blasting test is carried out in the target blasting area, and blasting vibration data at each monitoring point is collected. The site characteristic parameters are calibrated based on the blasting vibration data. The site characteristic parameters include the attenuation index α and the elevation influence coefficient β. S2. Determination of the equivalent blast source location: Based on the spatial coordinates and charge amount of each borehole in the sequential blasting, determine the coordinates of the equivalent blast source, and calculate the horizontal distance R from each monitoring point to the equivalent blast source based on the coordinates of the equivalent blast source. e and elevation difference H e ; S3. Equivalent charge fitting calculation: Taking the site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 as fixed values, the calculation is based on the measured vibration data of hole-by-hole blasting and the R value determined in step S2. e and H e The equivalent single-stage charge Q of this blasting was simultaneously calculated by fitting the data. eq and site coefficient K e And establish a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting; S4. Physical Verification of Equivalent Charge: Perform Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in step S3 to obtain the instantaneous energy time history curve and identify the duration T of the main energy peak period; determine the number of effective boreholes n participating in energy superposition during this period based on the inter-hole delay Δt, and calculate the peak equivalent charge Q based on the number of effective boreholes and the charge per borehole. peak ; Calculate Q peak With Q eq If the relative error ε is less than the preset threshold ε0, then Q is determined to be... eq If reasonable; otherwise, return to step S1 to recalibrate or check data quality.

[0006] The principle of this application is as follows: In this application, firstly, a pure basic model without superimposed interference is established in S1 through single-hole blasting tests, thereby calibrating the inherent attenuation parameters of the site and providing the basic physical constraints for the equivalent calculation of subsequent complex blasting. In hole-by-hole differential blasting, in order to use the point source formula for prediction, the dispersed blast source group needs to be transformed into an equivalent blast source. Therefore, in S2, the location of the equivalent blast source is determined based on the spatial coordinates and charge amount of each borehole in the hole-by-hole blasting, and then the horizontal distance R from each monitoring point to the equivalent blast source is calculated. e and elevation difference H e Find an energy center point such that the vibrational wave field excited by this point as a single explosion source most closely approximates the overall energy distribution of multiple dispersed explosion sources. The equivalent distance R determined from this is... e and elevation difference H e This is a macroscopic representation of the vibration propagation path; then in S3, the site parameters α and β, as well as R, have been obtained in S1 and S2. e and H e Given the geometric parameters, the sequential blasting of S3 is considered as a single-stage blast. In this case, the only unknown in the Sadovsky formula is the field coefficient K, which characterizes the amplitude intensity. e and equivalent single-stage drug dose Q eq The equivalent single-stage charge Q of this blasting was solved by synchronous fitting. eq and site coefficient K eFurthermore, a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting was established. Since the traditional equivalent charge is merely a mathematical fit and lacks physical intuition, in section S4, Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis was performed on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in section S3 to obtain an accurate instantaneous energy time history curve. By identifying the duration T of the instantaneous energy peak and combining it with the designed inter-hole delay Δt, the number of boreholes (n) whose energy superimposed at the peak moment can be physically deduced, and thus the peak equivalent charge Q can be calculated. peak Finally, by comparing the Q values ​​obtained from mathematical fitting... eq And the Q of physical statistics peak If the error between the two is small, it indicates that the equivalent charge obtained by mathematical fitting has a clear physical meaning; otherwise, it indicates that there may be problems such as abnormal monitoring data, significant changes in lithology and topography, or inconsistent actual detonation timing of the boreholes.

[0007] It should be noted that the equivalent blast source determined in step S2 is the static geometric center characterizing the overall spatial distribution of blast energy, not the instantaneous energy center. For blasting scenarios with relatively concentrated borehole distribution, the static equivalent blast source obtained using the charge-weighted average method can reasonably reflect the location of the borehole energy center. The impact of initiation timing differences on the superposition effect of blast vibration waveforms will be reflected in subsequent equivalent charge fitting and energy peak method verification.

[0008] The above model ensures Q eq It purely reflects the equivalence of drug dosage, while K e This quantifies the vibration superposition and energy conversion efficiency unique to hole-by-hole initiation. The applicability of this model is premised on the following: the lithology and topography conditions within the target area remain basically unchanged, and the medium area traversed by the vibration wave propagation path from the equivalent blast source to each monitoring point does not change significantly, that is, the spatial distribution of the blast source is relatively concentrated.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. Improved prediction accuracy of complex blasting vibrations: When applying the Sadovsky formula for blasting vibration velocity prediction, this invention addresses the challenge of determining the maximum single-stage charge in hole-by-hole differential blasting by calibrating site characteristic parameters through single-hole blasting tests and constructing an equivalent single-stage charge fitting model based on the equivalent blast source and fixed site parameters. This effectively improves the prediction accuracy of hole-by-hole blasting vibration velocity and provides more reliable data support for blasting safety assessment.

[0010] 2. Achieving a leap from "empirical estimation" to "quantitative inversion": In traditional methods, the site coefficient is usually determined and fixed after single-hole testing. However, the site coefficient K is a comprehensive factor, influenced by multiple factors such as the propagation medium, charge structure, detonation conditions, and free surface conditions, making it extremely sensitive to changes in the blasting mode. In this invention, after calibrating the basic blasting vibration data in step S1, the site coefficient K is... e As a parameter to be determined and equivalent drug dose Q eq Synchronous fitting is a method that can dynamically adjust the site coefficient based on the measured feedback of each large-scale blasting, capture subtle changes in the nonlinear response of the rock mass under large-scale blasting, and make the calculation model adaptive.

[0011] 3. A closed-loop verification mechanism for data quality and model validity is provided: This invention constructs a closed-loop process of "model establishment (S1-S3)" → "physical verification (S4)" → "error feedback correction". By setting a relative error threshold ε0, the system can automatically determine the reliability of the calculation results. If the error is too large, it prompts for recalibration of the site or checking of data quality (such as whether the monitoring data is abnormal or whether the delay setting is reasonable). This self-diagnostic mechanism avoids blind blasting construction guided by erroneous parameters, effectively improving the safety and scientific nature of the project.

[0012] 4. Applicable to personalized design for precision blasting with electronic detonators: Electronic detonators can achieve precise delays at the millisecond level. The method of this invention can analyze the equivalent charge for a specific inter-hole delay Δt. By comparing the change law of the equivalent charge under different delays, the Δt corresponding to the minimum equivalent charge is determined as the optimal vibration reduction delay parameter. This guides engineers to optimize the delay time, achieve interference reduction, and achieve the purpose of precise control of blasting vibration.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the specific steps for calibrating the site foundation parameters in step S1 include: S101. Conduct a single-hole blasting test in the area to be blasted, and collect the peak vibration velocity V, horizontal distance from the blast center R, elevation difference H and single-hole charge Q0 at each monitoring point. S102. Substitute the measured data into the Sadovsky formula, which includes an elevation correction term. Site characteristic parameters, namely attenuation index α, elevation influence coefficient β, and single-hole blasting site coefficient K, were obtained through nonlinear regression fitting. s .

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the specific steps for determining the equivalent explosion source location in step S2 include: S201. Collect the spatial coordinates (x, y) of each borehole during sequential blasting. i ,y i ,z i) and the charge quantity is Q i The coordinates (x, y) of the equivalent explosive source are calculated using the charge weighted average method. e ,y e ,z e ): ; S202, For any monitoring point (x) m ,y m ,z m ), calculate its horizontal distance R to the equivalent explosion source. e and elevation difference H e : .

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the specific steps for calculating the equivalent drug dosage fitting in step S3 include: The site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 are considered as fixed values, and the measured data (V, R) of each monitoring point during the hole-by-hole blasting are used. e H e Substituting the values ​​into the Sachs formula for synchronous fitting, the equivalent single-stage charge Q for this hole-by-hole blasting was obtained. eq and the corresponding site coefficient K e And establish a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting. .

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, in step S3, the site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 are regarded as fixed values, and the measured data (V, R) of each monitoring point during the hole-by-hole blasting are used. e H e When substituting into the Sachs formula for synchronous fitting, synchronous fitting is performed using the nonlinear least squares method.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the specific steps for physical verification of equivalent drug dosage in step S4 include: S401. Perform Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in step S3 to obtain the instantaneous energy time history curve; S402. Identify the time period of the main energy peak, determine its duration T, and calculate the number of effective boreholes participating in energy superposition during this time period based on the inter-bore delay Δt. ; S403, Defining Peak Equivalent Dosage Where Q0 is the amount of drug per orifice; calculate its equivalent single-segment drug amount Q obtained in step S3. eq Relative error: ; If ε < ε0, then verify the validity of Qeq; otherwise, return to S1 to recalibrate or check the data quality.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the preset threshold ε 0 represents 20%.

[0019] A method for predicting blasting vibration, based on the aforementioned method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for sequential micro-differential blasting with electronic detonators, utilizes the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q obtained in step S3. eq and site coefficient K e Combined with the horizontal distance R between the equivalent explosion source and the monitoring point determined in step S2 e and elevation difference H e Through formula Predict the peak vibration velocity V at the target monitoring point pre .

[0020] A method for optimizing blasting parameters, based on the aforementioned method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for sequential micro-delay blasting with electronic detonators, performs steps S1 to S4 respectively for multiple sequential blasting schemes with different inter-hole delays Δt, calculating the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q for each scheme. eq Comparative analysis of Q eq The variation law of Q with Δt eq The Δt corresponding to the minimum value is determined as the optimal vibration reduction delay parameter.

[0021] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting with electronic detonators, or the method for predicting blasting vibration, or the method for optimizing blasting parameters.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, this solution also has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention addresses the engineering challenge of determining the maximum single-stage charge due to stress wave superposition under the conditions of sequential micro-delay blasting with electronic detonators. It proposes a complete method for determining the equivalent charge. Through steps such as single-hole blasting calibration of site parameters, establishment of equivalent blast source, nonlinear fitting solution, and HHT energy verification, it effectively solves the applicability problem of the Sadovsky formula in sequential micro-delay blasting.

[0023] 2. The method of the present invention shows good applicability to micro-delay blasting of different scales (7 holes to 152 holes), the goodness of fit R² between the predicted curve and the measured data is greater than 0.85, and the average prediction error is less than 20%, which meets the engineering accuracy requirements.

[0024] 3. This invention further applies the equivalent dosage method to the optimization of inter-hole delay parameters. By comparing the variation patterns of the equivalent dosage under different delays, the optimal vibration reduction delay parameters are determined. Examples show that under the geological conditions of this project, a 20ms inter-hole delay results in the minimum equivalent dosage and the best vibration reduction effect.

[0025] 4. The method of this invention has high prediction accuracy, convenient calculation and clear physical mechanism, and can provide reliable theoretical basis and engineering support for vibration control and parameter optimization of micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting using electronic detonators, according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The PPV fitting results for single-hole blasting in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 The results are the PPV fitting results for hole-by-hole blasting with a delay of 15ms between different holes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The results are the PPV fitting results for hole-by-hole blasting with a delay of 20ms between different holes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is the instantaneous energy distribution curve of the vibration at monitoring point 1 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1

[0031] Example 1 Figure 1 As shown, a method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting using electronic detonators includes the following steps: S1. Site basic parameter calibration: A single-hole blasting test is carried out in the target blasting area to collect blasting vibration data at each monitoring point, and the site characteristic parameters are calibrated based on the blasting vibration data. The site characteristic parameters include the attenuation index α and the elevation influence coefficient β.

[0032] The specific steps are as follows: S101. A single-hole blasting test is conducted in the area to be blasted, and the peak vibration velocity V, the horizontal distance R from the blast center, the elevation difference H, and the charge Q0 per hole (Q0 is the average charge of a single blast hole in sequential blasting) are collected at each monitoring point. In this embodiment, a single-hole blasting test is conducted in the target blasting area, with a charge Q0 of 20 kg per hole, and electronic detonators are used for initiation. Seven monitoring points are arranged at different horizontal distances and elevations around the blasting area. A TC-4850N blasting vibration recorder is used to collect the triaxial vibration waveforms at each monitoring point, and the composite peak particle vibration velocity V is calculated using the formula: , where V X V represents the peak radial vibration velocity, in cm / s. Y V represents the peak vibration velocity in the horizontal tangential direction, in cm / s. ZThe peak vibration velocity in the vertical direction is denoted as cm / s. The horizontal distance R from the explosion center and the elevation difference H were also recorded. The recorded data are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Table 1. Single-hole blasting vibration data at each monitoring point

[0034] S102. Substitute the measured (V,R,H,Q0) data into the Sadovsky formula containing the elevation correction term. The site characteristic parameters are obtained by regression fitting using the least squares method (of course, in other embodiments besides this one, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, etc. can also be used for fitting), namely the attenuation index α, the elevation influence coefficient β, and the single-hole blasting site coefficient K. s The specific calculation results are as follows: attenuation index α = 2.020, elevation influence coefficient β = 0.034, and single-hole blasting site coefficient K. s ==299.885. The fitting result is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the goodness-of-fit R of this formula is... 2 The value is 0.971, and the average relative error is 7.44%, indicating that the calibration parameters are reliable.

[0035] S2. Determination of the equivalent blast source location: Based on the spatial coordinates and charge amount of each borehole in the sequential blasting, determine the coordinates of the equivalent blast source, and calculate the horizontal distance R from each monitoring point to the equivalent blast source based on the coordinates of the equivalent blast source. e and elevation difference H e The specific steps are as follows: S201. Collect the spatial coordinates (x, y) of each borehole during sequential blasting. i ,y i ,z i ) and the charge quantity is Q i The coordinates (x, y) of the equivalent explosive source are calculated using the charge weighted average method. e ,y e ,z e Specifically, a hole-by-hole blasting test was conducted at the same site. This implementation case included two groups of hole-by-hole blasting with different inter-hole delays: the first group had 7 blast holes with an inter-hole delay of 15 ms; the second group had 152 blast holes with an inter-hole delay of 20 ms. The charge per hole was 20 kg. The spatial coordinates (x, y, y) of each blast hole were obtained using an RTK measuring instrument. i ,y i ,z i ), and the coordinates (x, y) of the equivalent explosive source calculated using the weighted average method of charge quantity Q. e ,y e ,z e ): .

[0036] S202. For the 7 monitoring points that have been set up, their coordinates (x, y, y) are known. m ,y m ,z m ), calculate its horizontal distance R to the equivalent explosion source. e and elevation difference H e :

[0037] The calculation results and the measured data of hole-by-hole blasting are listed in Table 2.

[0038] Table 2. Hole-by-hole blasting vibration data at each monitoring point

[0039] S3. Equivalent charge fitting calculation: Taking the site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 as fixed values, the calculation is based on the measured vibration data of hole-by-hole blasting and the R value determined in step S2. e and H e The equivalent single-stage charge Q of this blasting was simultaneously calculated by fitting the data. eq and site coefficient K e Furthermore, a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting was established. Specifically, the site characteristic parameters α=2.020 and β=0.034, calibrated in step S1, were considered as fixed values. The measured data (V, R) of each monitoring point obtained in step S2 for hole-by-hole blasting were used as the fixed values. e H e Substituting the formula into the Sachs formula, a nonlinear least squares method is used for fitting, and the equivalent single-stage drug quantity Q is solved simultaneously. eq and the corresponding site coefficient K e Taking the first group (15ms delay) as an example, Q is obtained through fitting. eq =34.89kg, K e =363.01, establish the vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting: The fitting results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the goodness-of-fit R of this formula is... 2 =0.910, with a mean relative error of 15.29%, demonstrating a good fit. Similarly, the second group (20ms delay) was fitted, and the fitting results are as follows. Figure 4 As shown, Q eq =356.34kg, K e =138.59, R 2 =0.959, with an average relative error of 19.82%, both of which meet the engineering accuracy requirements (usually <20%).

[0040] S4. Physical Verification of Equivalent Charge: Perform Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in step S3 to obtain the instantaneous energy time history curve and identify the duration T of the main energy peak period; determine the number of effective boreholes n participating in energy superposition during this period based on the inter-hole delay Δt, and calculate the peak equivalent charge Q based on the number of effective boreholes and the charge per borehole. peak ; Calculate Q peak With Q eq If the relative error ε is less than the preset threshold ε0, then Q is determined to be... eq If reasonable; otherwise, return to step S1 to recalibrate or check data quality.

[0041] Specifically, taking monitoring point 1 as an example, its instantaneous energy time history curve is obtained (e.g. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, taking a 15ms delay per-hole blasting as an example, the time period of the main energy peak is identified, and the duration T1 is determined to be 37.81ms. The number of effective boreholes participating in energy superposition during this time period is calculated as: n=T / Δt=37.81 / 15=2.52. The charge per hole is 20kg, then the peak equivalent charge Q is... peak =n×Q0=2.52×20=50.41kg. Similarly, the peak equivalent drug doses at the other 6 monitoring points were calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0042] Table 3 Effective number of boreholes and peak equivalent charge at each measuring point

[0043] Calculate the average peak equivalent drug dose at the 7 monitoring points and the Q obtained from the fitting in step S3. eq The relative error between them: The error was less than the preset threshold (20%), and the verification was successful. For the second group of 20ms delayed blasts, the average peak equivalent charge was 382.71kg, and the equivalent single-stage charge was Q. eq =356.34kg, relative error 7.40%, which is less than 20%, so the verification is passed. If the verification error exceeds the preset threshold, step S1 should be returned to check the accuracy of the single-well test data or the parameters should be recalibrated. Example 2

[0044] A method for predicting blasting vibration, based on the aforementioned method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for sequential micro-differential blasting with electronic detonators, utilizes the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q obtained in step S3. eq and site coefficient K e Combined with the horizontal distance R between the equivalent explosion source and the monitoring point determined in step S2 e and elevation difference H e Through the formula: Predict the peak vibration velocity V at the target monitoring pointpre For example, for hole-by-hole blasting with an inter-hole delay of 15ms, the comparison between the predicted and measured values ​​of the vibration velocity at the monitoring points is shown in Table 4. The average error is within 20%, which meets the engineering requirements.

[0045] Table 4. Relative error between predicted PPV and measured PPV under hole-by-hole blasting Example 3

[0046] A method for optimizing blasting parameters, based on the aforementioned method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for sequential micro-delay blasting with electronic detonators, performs steps S1 to S4 for each of the multiple sequential blasting schemes with different inter-hole delays Δt, calculating the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q for each scheme. eq Comparative analysis of Q eq The variation law of Q with Δt eq The Δt corresponding to the minimum value is determined as the optimal vibration reduction delay parameter.

[0047] To determine the optimal vibration reduction delay, four sets of hole-by-hole blasting tests with different inter-hole delays were designed: 10ms, 15ms, 20ms, and 35ms. Each set consisted of 10 boreholes, with a single-hole charge of 12kg and a total charge of 120kg. The equivalent single-stage charge Q for each set was calculated according to steps S1 to S4 above. eq And define the fitted equivalent drug dose Q. eq With total charge Q total The ratio is the equivalent charge coefficient η, which directly reflects the strength of the superposition effect of blasting vibration. The results are shown in Table 5: Table 5 Equivalent drug quantity coefficients for different inter-orifice delays

[0048] The comparison shows that when the delay is 20ms, the equivalent single-segment charge is the smallest, and the equivalent charge coefficient η is the lowest, indicating that the superposition effect of vibration waves from each borehole is the weakest and the vibration reduction effect is the best under this delay. Therefore, the optimal inter-bore delay under the geological conditions of this project is determined to be 20ms. Example

[0049] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, through which the steps of the present invention can be implemented. The program can be stored on any computer-readable medium (such as a hard disk, USB flash drive, optical disk, cloud server, etc.), and when a processor executes the program, all the above steps are implemented. For example, this program can be pre-installed in a blasting monitoring system to automatically collect data, calculate equivalent explosive charges, and output prediction results.

[0050] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting using electronic detonators, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Site basic parameter calibration: A single-hole blasting test is carried out in the target blasting area, and blasting vibration data at each monitoring point is collected. The site characteristic parameters are calibrated based on the blasting vibration data. The site characteristic parameters include the attenuation index α and the elevation influence coefficient β. S2. Determination of the equivalent blast source location: Based on the spatial coordinates and charge amount of each borehole in the sequential blasting, determine the coordinates of the equivalent blast source, and calculate the horizontal distance R from each monitoring point to the equivalent blast source based on the coordinates of the equivalent blast source. e and elevation difference H e ; S3. Equivalent charge fitting calculation: Taking the site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 as fixed values, the calculation is based on the measured vibration data of hole-by-hole blasting and the R value determined in step S2. e and H e The equivalent single-stage charge Q of this blasting was simultaneously calculated by fitting the data. eq and site coefficient K e And establish a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting; S4. Physical Verification of Equivalent Charge: Perform Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in step S3 to obtain the instantaneous energy time history curve and identify the duration T of the main energy peak period; determine the number of effective boreholes n participating in energy superposition during this period based on the inter-hole delay Δt, and calculate the peak equivalent charge Q based on the number of effective boreholes and the charge per borehole. peak ; Calculate Q peak With Q eq If the relative error ε is less than the preset threshold ε0, then Q is determined to be... eq Reasonable; Otherwise, return to step S1 to recalibrate or check the data quality.

2. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for calibrating the site foundation parameters in step S1 include: S101. Conduct a single-hole blasting test in the area to be blasted, and collect the peak vibration velocity V, horizontal distance from the blast center R, elevation difference H and single-hole charge Q0 at each monitoring point. S102. Substitute the measured data into the Sadovsky formula, which includes an elevation correction term. Site characteristic parameters, namely attenuation index α, elevation influence coefficient β, and single-hole blasting site coefficient K, were obtained through nonlinear regression fitting. s .

3. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for determining the equivalent explosion source location in step S2 include: S201. Collect the spatial coordinates (x, y) of each borehole during sequential blasting. i ,y i ,z i ) and the charge quantity is Q i The coordinates (x, y) of the equivalent explosive source are calculated using the charge weighted average method. e ,y e ,z e ): ; S202, For any monitoring point (x) m ,y m ,z m ), calculate its horizontal distance R to the equivalent explosion source. e and elevation difference H e : .

4. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for calculating the equivalent drug dosage fitting in step S3 include: The site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 are considered as fixed values, and the measured data (V, R) of each monitoring point during the hole-by-hole blasting are used. e H e Substituting the values ​​into the Sachs formula for synchronous fitting, the equivalent single-stage charge Q for this hole-by-hole blasting was obtained. eq and the corresponding site coefficient K e And establish a vibration attenuation formula for hole-by-hole blasting. .

5. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the site characteristic parameters α and β calibrated in step S1 are considered as fixed values, and the measured data (V, R) of each monitoring point during the hole-by-hole blasting are used. e H e When substituting into the Sachs formula for synchronous fitting, synchronous fitting is performed using the nonlinear least squares method.

6. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for physical verification of equivalent drug dosage in step S4 include: S401. Perform Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) time-frequency analysis on the measured vibration waveform of the hole-by-hole blasting described in step S3 to obtain the instantaneous energy time history curve; S402. Identify the time period of the main energy peak, determine its duration T, and calculate the number of effective boreholes participating in energy superposition during this time period based on the inter-bore delay Δt. ; S403, Defining Peak Equivalent Dosage Where Q0 is the average charge amount per borehole in the sequential blasting; calculate its equivalent single-stage charge amount Q obtained in step S3. eq Relative error: ; If ε < ε0, then verify Q. eq Check the rationality of the data; otherwise, return to S1 to recalibrate or check the data quality.

7. The method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting of electronic detonators according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset threshold ε 0 represents 20%.

8. A method for predicting blasting vibration, characterized in that, Based on the method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-differential blasting with electronic detonators as described in any one of claims 1-7, the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q obtained in step S3 is used. eq and site coefficient K e Combined with the horizontal distance R between the equivalent explosion source and the monitoring point determined in step S2 e and elevation difference H e Through formula Predict the peak vibration velocity V at the target monitoring point pre .

9. A method for optimizing blasting parameters, characterized in that, Based on the method for determining the equivalent charge quantity for hole-by-hole micro-delay blasting with electronic detonators as described in any one of claims 1-7, for multiple hole-by-hole blasting schemes with different inter-hole delays Δt, steps S1 to S4 are executed respectively to calculate the equivalent single-stage charge quantity Q under each scheme. eq Comparative analysis of Q eq The variation law of Q with Δt eq The Δt corresponding to the minimum value is determined as the optimal vibration reduction delay parameter.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the equivalent charge determination method for hole-by-hole micro-delay blasting of electronic detonators as described in any one of claims 1-7, or the blasting vibration prediction method as described in claim 8, or the blasting parameter optimization method as described in claim 9.

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