A product carbon footprint accounting system and method based on periodic control

Abstract

The application discloses a product carbon footprint accounting system and method based on period control, and relates to the technical field of carbon footprint accounting.The system comprises a parameter version and dependency construction module, a parameter change influence quantification module, a multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module, and a differentiated accounting disposal module; the parameter version and dependency construction module builds a parameter library with a version identifier and an accounting dependency graph, realizes parameter and accounting result tracing; the parameter change influence quantification module identifies parameter changes and calculates a node comprehensive influence index; the multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module splits multi-parameter independent influence, divides a disturbance set and determines five types of working conditions; and the differentiated accounting disposal module distinguishes node types, sorts and recalculates certainty nodes, and outputs offset analysis reports for bidirectional balanced nodes.The application solves the problem of caliber distortion and misjudgment caused by multi-parameter reverse disturbance offset, reduces invalid recalculation, and improves the reliability of cross-period carbon footprint data control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon footprint accounting technology, specifically to a product carbon footprint accounting system and method based on cycle management. Background Technology

[0002] Product carbon footprint accounting is typically conducted on a fixed schedule, such as annually or quarterly, to quantify carbon emissions at each stage of the product's entire lifecycle. In practice, parameters such as carbon emission factors, allocation rules, and accounting boundaries may change with standard updates, policy adjustments, or technological improvements. Currently, most relevant systems set version identifiers for accounting parameters to retain information about parameter changes and ensure the traceability of accounting data.

[0003] However, after the accounting parameters are updated, the historical accounting results obtained using the old parameters are inconsistent with the current results under the new parameters, making direct cross-period comparison impossible. Existing methods can only manage parameter versions and identify the impact of single parameter changes, lacking means to trace the dependencies between accounting parameters and historical accounting results. Especially when multiple accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same period, different parameters can have opposite effects on the accounting results, easily creating the illusion that disturbances cancel each other out and that overall emissions show no significant fluctuation. Existing methods cannot identify such seemingly stable but internally distorted operating conditions, cannot distinguish the interactions between multiple parameters, and struggle to reasonably and accurately classify and handle historical accounting results. This easily leads to unnecessary recalculations and overlooks hidden accounting bias risks, significantly reducing the reliability of cross-period carbon footprint data comparison and management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a product carbon footprint accounting system and method based on cycle management, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Establish a version library for accounting parameters, assign a version identifier to the accounting parameters used in each accounting, and store the version identifier with the corresponding accounting result; construct an accounting dependency graph, with accounting parameter nodes and accounting result nodes as vertices, and the dependency relationship between the accounting result and the accounting parameter as edges;

[0008] S2. When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, obtain the historical fluctuation range of the changed parameter, identify all historical accounting result nodes that are directly or indirectly dependent on the changed parameter along the accounting dependency graph, calculate the actual contribution ratio of the changed parameter in the total emissions of each node, and calculate the comprehensive impact index of each node in combination with the historical fluctuation range.

[0009] S3. If multiple accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the independent impact value of each changed parameter for each node, and divide the changed parameters into a positive disturbance set and a negative disturbance set according to the sign of the independent impact value; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type and no subsequent processing is triggered; if only the positive disturbance set is not empty or only the negative disturbance set is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are not empty, calculate the ratio of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance, and determine the type as positive-dominant, negative-dominant, or bidirectional balanced based on the comparison result of the ratio with the preset ratio threshold.

[0010] S4. Nodes corresponding to unidirectional disturbance types, positive-dominant types, and negative-dominant types are identified as nodes with directional determinism, and are included in the recalculation queue after being sorted according to the comprehensive influence index of the corresponding nodes; nodes corresponding to bidirectional equilibrium types are identified as nodes with directional uncertainty, and are not included in the recalculation queue. The comparison information between the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set and the list of parameters participating in the cancellation are output to form a cancellation analysis report.

[0011] Furthermore, S1 includes the following:

[0012] A version library for accounting parameters is established, indexed by the accounting cycle, storing all accounting parameters used within each accounting cycle and their corresponding version identifiers. The accounting parameters include carbon emission factors, accounting rules, and system boundary definitions. When any accounting parameter is first entered, an initial version identifier is assigned, with the entry date serving as the version's effective start time. When any accounting parameter undergoes a numerical change or rule adjustment, a new record is added to the version library, assigning a new version identifier to the changed parameter, with the change occurrence date serving as the new version's effective start time, and updating the previous version identifier's version effective end time to the change occurrence date.

[0013] Obtain all accounting parameters and their corresponding version identifiers used in each accounting calculation, associate and store the version identifiers with the corresponding accounting results, and record all accounting parameters and their version identifiers referenced when generating the accounting results using the accounting result nodes as indexes, thus forming a mapping relationship between the accounting results and the accounting parameter versions.

[0014] Construct a computation dependency graph with computation parameter nodes and computation result nodes as vertices. The computation parameter nodes correspond to each computation parameter entry in the computation parameter version library, and the computation result nodes correspond to the computation result of each computation. When any computation result directly references any computation parameter during the computation process, a directed edge is established from the computation parameter node to the computation result node. The direction of the directed edge represents the dependency relationship between the computation result and the computation parameter. When a computation result indirectly references any computation parameter through an intermediate computation parameter, a directed path is established from the computation parameter node through the intermediate computation parameter node to the computation result node.

[0015] Furthermore, S2 includes the following:

[0016] When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, the currently changed accounting parameter is obtained and the parameter type is determined. The parameter type includes numeric parameters and non-numeric parameters. Numeric parameters are accounting parameters that participate in the calculation of the accounting formula in numerical form, and non-numeric parameters are accounting parameters that affect the accounting process in the form of logical judgment or boundary definition.

[0017] When the changed parameter is a numerical accounting parameter, retrieve the record of each version change of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window and the corresponding parameter value, count the total number of version changes m of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window, calculate the historical fluctuation range Ap of the accounting parameter, and Ap = (1 / m)∑ j∈[1,m] |(xp j -xp j-1 ) / xp j-1 |, where xp j To calculate the value of parameter p after the j-th version change, xp j-1 The value of the accounting parameter p after the (j-1)th version change is determined. When the changed parameter is a non-numerical accounting parameter, all accounting result nodes affected by the accounting parameter are marked as recalculation nodes and directly enter the recalculation process.

[0018] Mark the calculation parameter nodes whose version identifiers have changed as changed nodes. Starting from the changed nodes, traverse layer by layer along the directed edges in the calculation dependency graph, match and obtain all calculation result nodes that are directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate calculation parameter nodes, and summarize them to form a set of calculation result nodes affected by parameter changes.

[0019] For each accounting result node n, extract all sub-items of carbon emissions related to accounting parameter p generated during the historical accounting process of accounting result node n, sum up the sub-items of carbon emissions to obtain the total contribution of accounting parameter p to accounting result node n, Epn; obtain the total carbon emissions En of accounting result node n, calculate the emission contribution ratio Rpn of accounting parameter p in accounting result node n, and Rpn=Epn / En;

[0020] Obtain the old parameter value EFpo before the parameter change and the new parameter value EFpn after the change. Calculate the relative change ΔEFp of the accounting parameter p under this change, and ΔEFp = |(EFpn - EFpo) / EFpo|. Combine the emission contribution ratio Rpn, the relative change ΔEFp of this parameter change, and the historical fluctuation range Ap to calculate the comprehensive impact index In of the accounting result node n, and In = Rpn × ΔEFp × (1 + Ap). If multiple numerical accounting parameters undergo version changes simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the comprehensive impact index corresponding to each changed parameter separately, and take the maximum value as the final comprehensive impact index of the accounting result node. When multiple numerical accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same accounting period, since the degree of influence of different parameters on the same accounting result node varies, to avoid underestimating the overall change impact and ensure conservative and reliable risk assessment, calculate the comprehensive impact index corresponding to each changed parameter separately, and take the maximum value as the final comprehensive impact index of that node, which is used to determine the threshold for whether recalculation is required in the future.

[0021] Furthermore, S3 includes the following:

[0022] Obtain all accounting parameters that have undergone version identifier changes within the current accounting cycle, and count the total number of changed parameters; if the total number of changed parameters is less than or equal to 1, then directional relationship analysis is not performed, and the corresponding accounting result node is marked as a unidirectional disturbance type; if the number of changed parameters is greater than or equal to 2, then it is determined to be a scenario of simultaneous changes of multiple parameters.

[0023] For scenarios involving simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, the corresponding accounting result nodes are obtained. For each accounting result node n, the independent impact value ΔEpn of each changed parameter is calculated. The independent impact value represents the emission change caused by a single parameter change to the accounting result. The calculation formula is: ΔEpn=En(pn,o)-En(o), where En(o) is the original accounting emission of accounting result node n when all accounting parameters use the old version, and En(pn,o) is the accounting emission of accounting result node n when only accounting parameter p is updated to the new version, while the other accounting parameters remain unchanged. En(pn,o) is obtained by re-performing the accounting through the accounting engine with only the target accounting parameter changed and the other accounting parameters remaining unchanged as input conditions. The activity data used in the accounting is consistent with the original accounting.

[0024] For each accounting result node n, the parameters are classified according to the sign of their independent influence values. All parameters with ΔEpn > 0 are assigned to the positive disturbance set Zn, and all parameters with ΔEpn < 0 are assigned to the negative disturbance set Fn. The total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn are calculated respectively. Pn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the positive disturbance set Zn, and Qn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the negative disturbance set Fn.

[0025] The impact type of the calculated node is determined based on whether the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type, and no subsequent processing is triggered. If the positive disturbance set Zn is not empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is empty, or if the positive disturbance set Zn is empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty, the ratio rn=Pn / Qn of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance is calculated. rn is compared with a preset ratio threshold interval [α,β], where the upper and lower limits of the preset ratio threshold interval are 0 < α < 1 < β, where α is the negative dominance judgment threshold and β is the positive dominance judgment threshold. The specific values ​​are configured by the user according to the calculation accuracy requirements. If rn > β, it is determined to be a positive dominance type; if rn < α, it is determined to be a negative dominance type; if α ≤ rn ≤ β, it is determined to be a two-way equilibrium type.

[0026] Furthermore, S4 includes the following:

[0027] Obtain the influence type of each accounting result node determined in S3, classify the nodes corresponding to the unidirectional disturbance type, positive dominance type and reverse dominance type into the direction-deterministic node set Td, and classify the nodes corresponding to the bidirectional equilibrium type into the direction-uncertain node set Tu.

[0028] For each calculation result node in the direction-determined node set Td, obtain the comprehensive influence index In corresponding to the calculation result node. Sort the nodes in the direction-determined node set Td according to the value of In from large to small to generate a recalculation task sequence. Output the recalculation task sequence to the calculation engine and execute the recalculation in sequence.

[0029] For each accounting result node in the set of nodes with directional uncertainty, it is not included in the recalculation queue; the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn of the accounting result node are obtained, the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the positive disturbance set Zn are extracted, and the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the negative disturbance set Fn are compared with those in the negative disturbance set Fn to generate an offset analysis report for the accounting result node; the offset analysis report at least includes a list of positive disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, a list of negative disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, and a comparison of the total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn.

[0030] A product carbon footprint accounting system based on cycle management includes: a parameter version and dependency construction module, a parameter change impact quantification module, a multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module, and a differentiated accounting and processing module;

[0031] The parameter version and dependency building module establishes a version library of accounting parameters, assigns version identifiers to the accounting parameters and stores them in association with the accounting results, and builds an accounting dependency graph.

[0032] When the parameter version changes, the parameter change impact quantification module obtains the historical fluctuation range of the parameter, traces the affected accounting result nodes, and calculates the comprehensive impact index.

[0033] The multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module identifies scenarios with simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, calculates independent impact values, divides positive and negative disturbance sets, and determines the disturbance type.

[0034] The differentiated accounting and processing module is used to distinguish node categories according to the type of disturbance, sort and recalculate deterministic nodes, and generate offset analysis reports for uncertain nodes.

[0035] Furthermore, the parameter version and dependency building module includes a version management unit and a dependency graph building unit;

[0036] The version management unit establishes a parameter version library, maintains version identifiers, and establishes a mapping relationship between the calculation results and parameter versions; the dependency graph construction unit constructs a calculation dependency graph with parameter nodes and result nodes as vertices and dependency relationships as edges.

[0037] Furthermore, the parameter change impact quantification module includes a parameter processing unit and an impact calculation unit;

[0038] The parameter processing unit distinguishes between numerical and non-numerical parameters and traces the affected accounting result nodes along the accounting dependency graph; the impact calculation unit calculates the historical fluctuation range of parameters, the proportion of emission contribution, and the comprehensive impact index.

[0039] Furthermore, the multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module includes a disturbance analysis unit and a type determination unit;

[0040] The disturbance analysis unit determines multi-parameter change scenarios, calculates independent impact values, and divides positive and negative disturbance sets; the type determination unit determines the disturbance type based on the comparison results between the disturbance set status and the total disturbance ratio and the preset proportion threshold range.

[0041] Furthermore, the differentiated accounting processing module includes a recalculation execution unit and a report generation unit;

[0042] The recalculation execution unit sorts the nodes with directional determinism according to the comprehensive impact index and performs recalculation; the report generation unit generates and outputs an offset analysis report for nodes with directional uncertainty.

[0043] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By establishing a version-identified accounting parameter library and accounting dependency graph, this invention achieves accurate traceability of parameter changes and historical accounting results, effectively solving the problem of inconsistent accounting standards across cycles. By differentiating between numerical and non-numerical accounting parameters and constructing a comprehensive impact index based on parameter contribution ratio, change magnitude, and historical fluctuation magnitude, it achieves accurate quantitative assessment of the impact of accounting result nodes. For scenarios with simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, this invention decomposes the independent disturbance effects of each parameter, divides positive and negative disturbance sets, and determines various disturbance conditions based on the ratio of total disturbances. This effectively eliminates the blind spot of superficial stability and internal distortion caused by the offsetting of multiple parameter negative disturbances, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods that rely solely on net total emissions. Simultaneously, this invention differentiates accounting nodes according to disturbance type, recalculates deterministic nodes, and retains offsetting analysis reports for bidirectional equilibrium nodes. This avoids unnecessary duplicate accounting, saves system computing power, improves the traceability basis for carbon footprint accounting, and significantly enhances the comparability and control reliability of cross-cycle carbon footprint data. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0048] A product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Establish a version library for accounting parameters, assign a version identifier to the accounting parameters used in each accounting, and store the version identifier with the corresponding accounting result; construct an accounting dependency graph, with accounting parameter nodes and accounting result nodes as vertices, and the dependency relationship between the accounting result and the accounting parameter as edges;

[0050] S2. When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, obtain the historical fluctuation range of the changed parameter, identify all historical accounting result nodes that are directly or indirectly dependent on the changed parameter along the accounting dependency graph, calculate the actual contribution ratio of the changed parameter in the total emissions of each node, and calculate the comprehensive impact index of each node in combination with the historical fluctuation range.

[0051] S3. If multiple accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the independent impact value of each changed parameter for each node, and divide the changed parameters into a positive disturbance set and a negative disturbance set according to the sign of the independent impact value; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type and no subsequent processing is triggered; if only the positive disturbance set is not empty or only the negative disturbance set is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are not empty, calculate the ratio of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance, and determine the type as positive-dominant, negative-dominant, or bidirectional balanced based on the comparison result of the ratio with the preset ratio threshold.

[0052] S4. Nodes corresponding to unidirectional disturbance types, positive-dominant types, and negative-dominant types are identified as nodes with directional determinism, and are included in the recalculation queue after being sorted according to the comprehensive influence index of the corresponding nodes; nodes corresponding to bidirectional equilibrium types are identified as nodes with directional uncertainty, and are not included in the recalculation queue. The comparison information between the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set and the list of parameters participating in the cancellation are output to form a cancellation analysis report.

[0053] S1 includes the following:

[0054] A version library for accounting parameters is established, indexed by the accounting cycle, storing all accounting parameters used within each accounting cycle and their corresponding version identifiers. The accounting parameters include carbon emission factors, accounting rules, and system boundary definitions. When any accounting parameter is first entered, an initial version identifier is assigned, with the entry date serving as the version's effective start time. When any accounting parameter undergoes a numerical change or rule adjustment, a new record is added to the version library, assigning a new version identifier to the changed parameter, with the change occurrence date serving as the new version's effective start time, and updating the previous version identifier's version effective end time to the change occurrence date.

[0055] Obtain all accounting parameters and their corresponding version identifiers used in each accounting calculation, associate and store the version identifiers with the corresponding accounting results, and record all accounting parameters and their version identifiers referenced when generating the accounting results using the accounting result nodes as indexes, thus forming a mapping relationship between the accounting results and the accounting parameter versions.

[0056] Construct a computation dependency graph with computation parameter nodes and computation result nodes as vertices. The computation parameter nodes correspond to each computation parameter entry in the computation parameter version library, and the computation result nodes correspond to the computation result of each computation. When any computation result directly references any computation parameter during the computation process, a directed edge is established from the computation parameter node to the computation result node. The direction of the directed edge represents the dependency relationship between the computation result and the computation parameter. When a computation result indirectly references any computation parameter through an intermediate computation parameter, a directed path is established from the computation parameter node through the intermediate computation parameter node to the computation result node.

[0057] In this embodiment, taking the carbon footprint accounting of a certain product as an example, it is assumed that the carbon footprint accounting of the product involves two accounting parameters: electricity emission factor and accounting rules. During the initial accounting, the electricity emission factor is set to an initial value, assigned version identifier V1.0, and effective from January 1, 2024; the accounting rules are assigned version identifier R1.0, also effective from January 1, 2024. After the accounting is completed, the accounting result is stored as accounting result node N1. Using N1 as an index, the accounting parameters referenced when generating the accounting result and their version identifiers are recorded. The electricity emission factor V1.0 and the accounting rule R1.0 form a mapping relationship between the accounting result and the accounting parameter versions.

[0058] On January 1, 2025, the electricity emission factor was updated, a new record was added to the accounting parameter version library, and a new version identifier V2.0 was assigned. The effective start time was January 1, 2025, and the effective end time of V1.0 was updated to January 1, 2025. At this time, the version identifier V2.0 has only completed the version library archiving and has not yet participated in carbon footprint accounting for any period. The corresponding accounting result node and dependency edge are not generated for the time being.

[0059] When constructing the accounting dependency graph, the electricity emission factor and accounting rules are used as accounting parameter nodes, and the accounting result of each accounting is used as the accounting result node. The accounting result N1 directly references the accounting parameters V1.0 and R1.0. Therefore, a directed edge is established from the accounting parameter node V1.0 to the accounting result node N1, and a directed edge is established from the accounting parameter node R1.0 to the accounting result node N1.

[0060] S2 includes the following:

[0061] When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, the currently changed accounting parameter is obtained and the parameter type is determined. The parameter type includes numeric parameters and non-numeric parameters. Numeric parameters are accounting parameters that participate in the calculation of the accounting formula in numerical form, and non-numeric parameters are accounting parameters that affect the accounting process in the form of logical judgment or boundary definition.

[0062] When the changed parameter is a numerical accounting parameter, retrieve the record of each version change of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window and the corresponding parameter value, count the total number of version changes m of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window, calculate the historical fluctuation range Ap of the accounting parameter, and Ap = (1 / m)∑ j∈[1,m] |(xp j -xp j-1 ) / xp j-1 |, where xp j To calculate the value of parameter p after the j-th version change, xp j-1 The value of the accounting parameter p after the (j-1)th version change is determined. When the changed parameter is a non-numerical accounting parameter, all accounting result nodes affected by the accounting parameter are marked as recalculation nodes and directly enter the recalculation process.

[0063] Mark the calculation parameter nodes whose version identifiers have changed as changed nodes. Starting from the changed nodes, traverse layer by layer along the directed edges in the calculation dependency graph, match and obtain all calculation result nodes that are directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate calculation parameter nodes, and summarize them to form a set of calculation result nodes affected by parameter changes.

[0064] For each accounting result node n, extract all sub-items of carbon emissions related to accounting parameter p generated during the historical accounting process of accounting result node n, sum up the sub-items of carbon emissions to obtain the total contribution of accounting parameter p to accounting result node n, Epn; obtain the total carbon emissions En of accounting result node n, calculate the emission contribution ratio Rpn of accounting parameter p in accounting result node n, and Rpn=Epn / En;

[0065] Obtain the old parameter value EFpo before the parameter change and the new parameter value EFpn after the change. Calculate the relative change ΔEFp of the accounting parameter p under this change, and ΔEFp = |(EFpn - EFpo) / EFpo|. Combine the emission contribution ratio Rpn, the relative change ΔEFp of this parameter change, and the historical fluctuation range Ap to calculate the comprehensive impact index In of the accounting result node n, and In = Rpn × ΔEFp × (1 + Ap). If multiple numerical accounting parameters undergo version changes simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the comprehensive impact index corresponding to each changed parameter separately, and take the maximum value as the final comprehensive impact index of the accounting result node. When multiple numerical accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same accounting period, since the degree of influence of different parameters on the same accounting result node varies, to avoid underestimating the overall change impact and ensure conservative and reliable risk assessment, calculate the comprehensive impact index corresponding to each changed parameter separately, and take the maximum value as the final comprehensive impact index of that node, which is used to determine the threshold for whether recalculation is required in the future.

[0066] In this embodiment, it is assumed that on January 1, 2025, the electricity emission factor is updated from 0.61 to 0.63; the system retrieves the records of all changes to the electricity emission factor within a preset historical time window, specifically as follows:

[0067] June 2022: 0.61 → 0.62; December 2023: 0.62 → 0.61; December 2024: 0.61 → 0.63;

[0068] The historical fluctuation amplitude Ap = 0.0218 was calculated. The system identified the accounting result node N1 along the dependency graph and obtained its total emission En = 1000 tons, the emission contribution of the electricity emission factor Epn = 600 tons, and the emission contribution ratio Rpn = 0.6.

[0069] The relative change in this modification is ΔEFp = |(0.63-0.61) / 0.61| = 0.0328;

[0070] The comprehensive impact index In = 0.6 × 0.0328 × (1 + 0.0218) = 0.0201.

[0071] S3 includes the following:

[0072] Obtain all accounting parameters that have undergone version identifier changes within the current accounting cycle, and count the total number of changed parameters; if the total number of changed parameters is less than or equal to 1, then directional relationship analysis is not performed, and the corresponding accounting result node is marked as a unidirectional disturbance type; if the number of changed parameters is greater than or equal to 2, then it is determined to be a scenario of simultaneous changes of multiple parameters.

[0073] For scenarios involving simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, the corresponding accounting result nodes are obtained. For each accounting result node n, the independent impact value ΔEpn of each changed parameter is calculated. The independent impact value represents the emission change caused by a single parameter change to the accounting result. The calculation formula is: ΔEpn=En(pn,o)-En(o), where En(o) is the original accounting emission of accounting result node n when all accounting parameters use the old version, and En(pn,o) is the accounting emission of accounting result node n when only accounting parameter p is updated to the new version, while the other accounting parameters remain unchanged. En(pn,o) is obtained by re-performing the accounting through the accounting engine with only the target accounting parameter changed and the other accounting parameters remaining unchanged as input conditions. The activity data used in the accounting is consistent with the original accounting.

[0074] For each accounting result node n, the parameters are classified according to the sign of their independent influence values. All parameters with ΔEpn > 0 are assigned to the positive disturbance set Zn, and all parameters with ΔEpn < 0 are assigned to the negative disturbance set Fn. The total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn are calculated respectively. Pn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the positive disturbance set Zn, and Qn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the negative disturbance set Fn.

[0075] The impact type of the calculated node is determined based on whether the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type, and no subsequent processing is triggered. If the positive disturbance set Zn is not empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is empty, or if the positive disturbance set Zn is empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty, the ratio rn=Pn / Qn of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance is calculated. rn is compared with a preset ratio threshold interval [α,β], where the upper and lower limits of the preset ratio threshold interval are 0 < α < 1 < β, where α is the negative dominance judgment threshold and β is the positive dominance judgment threshold. The specific values ​​are configured by the user according to the calculation accuracy requirements. If rn > β, it is determined to be a positive dominance type; if rn < α, it is determined to be a negative dominance type; if α ≤ rn ≤ β, it is determined to be a two-way equilibrium type.

[0076] In this embodiment, the carbon footprint calculation result node N1 for a certain product in 2024 depends on two calculation parameters: electricity emission factor and thermal emission factor. During the calculation period, both the electricity emission factor and thermal emission factor were updated simultaneously, and the new versions of both parameters took effect on June 30, 2024, thus meeting the criteria for simultaneous changes of multiple parameters.

[0077] For node N1 of the accounting result, the system uses the independent impact verification method of control variables to perform parameter-by-parameter analysis. Specifically, all other accounting parameters are fixed as old version parameters, and only the electricity emission factor is replaced with the new version parameter. The carbon emission result of node N1 is recalculated, and the original accounting emission under all old version parameters is compared to obtain the independent impact value corresponding to the parameter change. The independent impact value is positive. All parameters are restored to the old version state, and only the thermal emission factor is replaced with the new version parameter. The node emission is calculated, and the original accounting result is compared to obtain the independent impact value corresponding to the parameter change. The independent impact value is negative.

[0078] Based on the positive and negative attributes of the independent influence of each parameter, the system classifies the corresponding parameters into positive disturbance sets and negative disturbance sets respectively, and counts the total amount of positive disturbance and negative disturbance respectively, and calculates the ratio of the two types of disturbances. Combined with the preset ratio threshold range, the system determines the operating condition. If the node disturbance ratio is higher than the upper limit of the threshold, the overall disturbance trend is dominated by the change of positive parameters, and then it is determined to be a positive-dominant node.

[0079] S4 includes the following:

[0080] Obtain the influence type of each accounting result node determined in S3, classify the nodes corresponding to the unidirectional disturbance type, positive dominance type and reverse dominance type into the direction-deterministic node set Td, and classify the nodes corresponding to the bidirectional equilibrium type into the direction-uncertain node set Tu.

[0081] For each calculation result node in the direction-determined node set Td, obtain the comprehensive influence index In corresponding to the calculation result node. Sort the nodes in the direction-determined node set Td according to the value of In from large to small to generate a recalculation task sequence. Output the recalculation task sequence to the calculation engine and execute the recalculation in sequence.

[0082] For each accounting result node in the set of nodes with directional uncertainty, it is not included in the recalculation queue; the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn of the accounting result node are obtained, the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the positive disturbance set Zn are extracted, and the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the negative disturbance set Fn are compared with those in the negative disturbance set Fn to generate an offset analysis report for the accounting result node; the offset analysis report at least includes a list of positive disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, a list of negative disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, and a comparison of the total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn.

[0083] In this embodiment, it is assumed that node N1 is determined to be a positive dominant node in S3, belonging to the set of directional deterministic nodes. The system obtains the comprehensive influence index In1=0.045 of N1 and includes it in the recalculation queue. If there are no other directional deterministic nodes in the current period, the system generates a recalculation task sequence, which includes node N1 and its corresponding comprehensive influence index 0.045, and outputs it to the calculation engine for recalculation. If there is another directional deterministic node N2 in the current period, with a comprehensive influence index In2=0.120, the system sorts the nodes by In from largest to smallest, and N2 is recalculated before N1.

[0084] A product carbon footprint accounting system based on cycle management includes: a parameter version and dependency construction module, a parameter change impact quantification module, a multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module, and a differentiated accounting and processing module;

[0085] The parameter version and dependency building module establishes a version library of accounting parameters, assigns version identifiers to the accounting parameters and stores them in association with the accounting results, and builds an accounting dependency graph.

[0086] When the parameter version changes, the parameter change impact quantification module obtains the historical fluctuation range of the parameter, traces the affected accounting result nodes, and calculates the comprehensive impact index.

[0087] The multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module identifies scenarios with simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, calculates independent impact values, divides positive and negative disturbance sets, and determines the disturbance type.

[0088] The differentiated accounting and processing module is used to distinguish node categories according to the type of disturbance, sort and recalculate deterministic nodes, and generate offset analysis reports for uncertain nodes.

[0089] The parameter version and dependency building module includes a version management unit and a dependency graph building unit;

[0090] The version management unit establishes a parameter version library, maintains version identifiers, and establishes a mapping relationship between the calculation results and parameter versions; the dependency graph construction unit constructs a calculation dependency graph with parameter nodes and result nodes as vertices and dependency relationships as edges.

[0091] The parameter change impact quantification module includes a parameter processing unit and an impact calculation unit;

[0092] The parameter processing unit distinguishes between numerical and non-numerical parameters and traces the affected accounting result nodes along the accounting dependency graph; the impact calculation unit calculates the historical fluctuation range of parameters, the proportion of emission contribution, and the comprehensive impact index.

[0093] The multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module includes a disturbance analysis unit and a type determination unit;

[0094] The disturbance analysis unit determines multi-parameter change scenarios, calculates independent impact values, and divides positive and negative disturbance sets; the type determination unit determines the disturbance type based on the comparison results between the disturbance set status and the total disturbance ratio and the preset proportion threshold range.

[0095] The differentiated accounting processing module includes a recalculation execution unit and a report generation unit;

[0096] The recalculation execution unit sorts the nodes with directional determinism according to the comprehensive impact index and performs recalculation; the report generation unit generates and outputs an offset analysis report for nodes with directional uncertainty.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Establish a version library for accounting parameters, assign a version identifier to the accounting parameters used in each accounting, and store the version identifier with the corresponding accounting result; construct an accounting dependency graph, with accounting parameter nodes and accounting result nodes as vertices, and the dependency relationship between the accounting result and the accounting parameter as edges; S2. When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, obtain the historical fluctuation range of the changed parameter, identify all historical accounting result nodes that are directly or indirectly dependent on the changed parameter along the accounting dependency graph, calculate the actual contribution ratio of the changed parameter in the total emissions of each node, and calculate the comprehensive impact index of each node in combination with the historical fluctuation range. S3. If multiple accounting parameters change simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the independent impact value of each changed parameter for each node, and divide the changed parameters into a positive disturbance set and a negative disturbance set according to the sign of the independent impact value; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type and no subsequent processing is triggered; if only the positive disturbance set is not empty or only the negative disturbance set is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type; if both the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set are not empty, calculate the ratio of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance, and determine the type as positive-dominant, negative-dominant, or bidirectional balanced based on the comparison result of the ratio with the preset ratio threshold. S4. Nodes corresponding to unidirectional disturbance types, positive-dominant types, and negative-dominant types are identified as nodes with directional determinism, and are included in the recalculation queue after being sorted according to the comprehensive influence index of the corresponding nodes; nodes corresponding to bidirectional equilibrium types are identified as nodes with directional uncertainty, and are not included in the recalculation queue. The comparison information between the positive disturbance set and the negative disturbance set and the list of parameters participating in the cancellation are output to form a cancellation analysis report.

2. The product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 includes the following: A version library for accounting parameters is established. The version library is indexed by the accounting cycle and stores all accounting parameters used in each accounting cycle and their corresponding version identifiers. The accounting parameters include carbon emission factors, accounting rules and system boundary definitions. When any accounting parameter is entered for the first time, an initial version identifier is assigned and the entry date is used as the effective start time of the version. When any accounting parameter undergoes a numerical change or rule adjustment, a new record is added to the accounting parameter version library, a new version identifier is assigned to the changed accounting parameter, the date of the change is used as the start time of the new version's effectiveness, and the version effectiveness end time of the previous version identifier is updated to the date of the change. Obtain all accounting parameters and their corresponding version identifiers used in each accounting calculation, associate and store the version identifiers with the corresponding accounting results, and record all accounting parameters and their version identifiers referenced when generating the accounting results using the accounting result nodes as indexes, thus forming a mapping relationship between the accounting results and the accounting parameter versions. Construct a computation dependency graph with computation parameter nodes and computation result nodes as vertices. The computation parameter nodes correspond to each computation parameter entry in the computation parameter version library, and the computation result nodes correspond to the computation result of each computation. When any computation result directly references any computation parameter during the computation process, a directed edge is established from the computation parameter node to the computation result node. The direction of the directed edge represents the dependency relationship between the computation result and the computation parameter. When a computation result indirectly references any computation parameter through an intermediate computation parameter, a directed path is established from the computation parameter node through the intermediate computation parameter node to the computation result node.

3. The product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management according to claim 2, characterized in that: S2 includes the following: When the version identifier of any accounting parameter in the accounting parameter version library changes, the currently changed accounting parameter is obtained and the parameter type is determined. The parameter type includes numeric parameters and non-numeric parameters. Numeric parameters are accounting parameters that participate in the calculation of the accounting formula in numerical form, and non-numeric parameters are accounting parameters that affect the accounting process in the form of logical judgment or boundary definition. When the changed parameter is a numerical accounting parameter, retrieve the record of each version change of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window and the corresponding parameter value, count the total number of version changes m of the accounting parameter within the preset historical time window, calculate the historical fluctuation range Ap of the accounting parameter, and Ap = (1 / m)∑ j∈[1,m] |(xp j -xp j-1 ) / xp j-1 |, where xp j To calculate the value of parameter p after the j-th version change, xp j-1 The value of the accounting parameter p after the (j-1)th version change is determined. When the changed parameter is a non-numerical accounting parameter, all accounting result nodes affected by the accounting parameter are marked as recalculation nodes and directly enter the recalculation process. Mark the calculation parameter nodes whose version identifiers have changed as changed nodes. Starting from the changed nodes, traverse layer by layer along the directed edges in the calculation dependency graph, match and obtain all calculation result nodes that are directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate calculation parameter nodes, and summarize them to form a set of calculation result nodes affected by parameter changes. For each accounting result node n, extract all sub-items of carbon emissions related to accounting parameter p generated during the historical accounting process of accounting result node n, sum up the sub-items of carbon emissions to obtain the total contribution of accounting parameter p to accounting result node n, Epn; obtain the total carbon emissions En of accounting result node n, calculate the emission contribution ratio Rpn of accounting parameter p in accounting result node n, and Rpn=Epn / En; Obtain the old parameter value EFpo before the parameter change and the new parameter value EFpn after the change. Calculate the relative change ΔEFp of the accounting parameter p under this change, and ΔEFp=|(EFpn-EFpo) / EFpo|. Combine the emission contribution ratio Rpn, the relative change ΔEFp of this parameter change, and the historical fluctuation range Ap to calculate the comprehensive impact index In of the accounting result node n, and In=Rpn×ΔEFp×(1+Ap). If multiple numerical accounting parameters undergo version changes simultaneously within the same accounting period, calculate the comprehensive impact index corresponding to each changed parameter separately, and take the maximum value as the final comprehensive impact index of the accounting result node.

4. The product carbon footprint accounting method based on cycle management according to claim 3, characterized in that: S3 includes the following: Retrieve all accounting parameters that have undergone version identifier changes within the current accounting period, and count the total number of changed parameters; If the total number of changed parameters is less than or equal to 1, the directional relationship analysis will not be performed, and the corresponding calculation result node will be marked as a unidirectional disturbance type. If the number of parameters changed is greater than or equal to 2, it is determined to be a scenario of multiple parameters changing simultaneously; For scenarios involving simultaneous changes in multiple parameters, the corresponding accounting result nodes are obtained. For each accounting result node n, the independent impact value ΔEpn of each changed parameter is calculated. The independent impact value represents the change in emissions caused by a single parameter change to the accounting result. The calculation formula is: ΔEpn=En(pn,o)-En(o), where En(o) is the original accounting emission of accounting result node n when all accounting parameters use the old version, and En(pn,o) is the accounting emission of accounting result node n when only accounting parameter p is updated to the new version, while the other accounting parameters remain unchanged. For each accounting result node n, the parameters are classified according to the sign of their independent influence values. All parameters with ΔEpn > 0 are assigned to the positive disturbance set Zn, and all parameters with ΔEpn < 0 are assigned to the negative disturbance set Fn. The total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn are calculated respectively. Pn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the positive disturbance set Zn, and Qn is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the independent influence values ​​of all parameters in the negative disturbance set Fn. The impact type of the calculated node is determined based on whether the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are empty, it is determined to be an unaffected type, and no subsequent processing is triggered. If the positive disturbance set Zn is not empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is empty, or if the positive disturbance set Zn is empty and the negative disturbance set Fn is not empty, it is determined to be a one-way disturbance type. If both the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn are not empty, the ratio rn = Pn / Qn of the total positive disturbance to the total negative disturbance is calculated. rn is compared with a preset ratio threshold interval [α, β], where the upper and lower limits of the preset ratio threshold interval are 0 < α < 1 < β, where α is the negative dominance judgment threshold and β is the positive dominance judgment threshold. If rn > β, it is determined to be a positive dominance type; if rn < α, it is determined to be a negative dominance type; if α ≤ rn ≤ β, it is determined to be a two-way equilibrium type.

5. The product carbon footprint accounting method based on periodic management according to claim 4, characterized in that: S4 includes the following: Obtain the influence type of each accounting result node determined in S3, classify the nodes corresponding to the unidirectional disturbance type, positive dominance type and reverse dominance type into the direction-deterministic node set Td, and classify the nodes corresponding to the bidirectional equilibrium type into the direction-uncertain node set Tu. For each calculation result node in the direction-determined node set Td, obtain the comprehensive influence index In corresponding to the calculation result node. Sort the nodes in the direction-determined node set Td according to the value of In from large to small to generate a recalculation task sequence. Output the recalculation task sequence to the calculation engine and execute the recalculation in sequence. For each accounting result node in the set of nodes with directional uncertainty, it is not included in the recalculation queue; the positive disturbance set Zn and the negative disturbance set Fn of the accounting result node are obtained, the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the positive disturbance set Zn are extracted, and the parameter identifiers and independent impact values ​​of each changed parameter in the negative disturbance set Fn are compared with those in the negative disturbance set Fn to generate an offset analysis report for the accounting result node; the offset analysis report includes at least a list of positive disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, a list of negative disturbance parameters and their corresponding independent impact values, and a comparison of the total positive disturbance Pn and the total negative disturbance Qn.

6. A product carbon footprint accounting system based on periodic management, applied to the product carbon footprint accounting method based on periodic management as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The system includes: a parameter version and dependency construction module, a parameter change impact quantification module, a multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module, and a differential accounting and processing module; The parameter version and dependency building module establish a calculation parameter version library, assigns a calculation parameter version identifier, and stores it in association with the calculation result to build a calculation dependency graph; When the parameter version changes, the parameter change impact quantification module obtains the historical fluctuation range of the parameter, traces the affected accounting result nodes, and calculates the comprehensive impact index. The multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module identifies scenarios where multiple parameters change simultaneously, calculates independent impact values, divides positive and negative disturbance sets, and determines the disturbance type. The differentiated accounting and processing module is used to distinguish node categories according to the type of disturbance, sort and recalculate deterministic nodes, and generate offset analysis reports for uncertain nodes.

7. A product carbon footprint accounting system based on periodic management according to claim 6, characterized in that: The parameter version and dependency building module includes a version management unit and a dependency graph building unit; The version management unit establishes a parameter version library, maintains version identifiers, and establishes a mapping relationship between calculation results and parameter versions; The dependency graph construction unit constructs a computational dependency graph with parameter nodes and result nodes as vertices and dependency relationships as edges.

8. A product carbon footprint accounting system based on periodic management according to claim 6, characterized in that: The parameter change impact quantification module includes a parameter processing unit and an impact calculation unit; The parameter processing unit distinguishes between numerical and non-numerical parameters and traces the affected calculation result nodes along the calculation dependency graph; The impact calculation unit calculates the historical fluctuation range of parameters, the proportion of emission contribution, and the comprehensive impact index.

9. A product carbon footprint accounting system based on periodic management according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-parameter disturbance identification and classification module includes a disturbance analysis unit and a type determination unit; The disturbance analysis unit determines multi-parameter change scenarios, calculates independent impact values, and divides positive and negative disturbance sets. The type determination unit determines the disturbance type based on the comparison result between the disturbance set state and the total disturbance ratio and the preset ratio threshold range.

10. A product carbon footprint accounting system based on periodic management according to claim 6, characterized in that: The differentiated accounting processing module includes a recalculation execution unit and a report generation unit; The recalculation execution unit sorts the direction-deterministic nodes according to the comprehensive influence index and performs recalculation. The report generation unit generates and outputs a cancellation analysis report for nodes with directional uncertainty.

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