A product carbon footprint calculation method and system based on electric carbon and energy efficiency coupling

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of product carbon footprint accounting and carbon emission management, and discloses a product carbon footprint calculation method and system based on coupling of electric carbon and energy efficiency. The method determines the functional unit and life cycle boundary of the product to be accounted, obtains activity data of each life cycle stage and power consumption area, power consumption period, effective energy and equipment operation state data of the target power consumption link; matches dynamic electric carbon factors according to the power consumption area and power consumption period, and corrects the dynamic efficiency based on the equipment operation state to obtain the dynamic efficiency; determines the power indirect emission of each target power consumption link according to the dynamic electric carbon factor, dynamic efficiency and effective energy, and obtains the carbon emission of each life cycle stage and the full life cycle carbon footprint in combination with non-power emission and recovery deduction amount. The present application can reflect the space-time change of power carbon intensity and the working condition change of equipment efficiency, and improve the fineness, authenticity and traceability of product carbon footprint accounting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of product carbon footprint accounting and carbon emission management technology, and more specifically, relates to a product carbon footprint calculation method and system based on the coupling of electricity carbon and energy efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Product carbon footprint is a technical method that quantifies greenhouse gas emissions at each stage of a product's lifecycle, from raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use and maintenance to recycling, using the product's functional unit as the object. Current accounting methods typically multiply the regional annual average electricity carbon factor or fixed electricity emission factor by the electricity consumption at each stage, and then add emissions from the material, transportation, use, and recycling stages to obtain the product carbon footprint. This method is suitable for basic accounting, but it struggles to characterize the variations in electricity carbon intensity over time, region, power source structure, inter-regional power flow, clean energy consumption, and transmission and distribution losses in new power systems.

[0003] For photovoltaic modules, power batteries, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, electronic appliances, and other high-energy-consuming products, significant indirect emissions can occur during the production, usage, and electric transportation phases. Even if the same production process consumes the same amount of electricity, its carbon emissions will differ significantly depending on whether it operates during periods of abundant renewable energy output or periods with a higher proportion of fossil fuel power. Using an annual static carbon factor for electricity will smooth out these temporal differences, making it difficult to identify low-carbon production periods and low-carbon electricity sources.

[0004] Existing equipment carbon efficiency prediction schemes mainly focus on the operational status analysis of individual equipment. They have not yet formed a full life-cycle carbon footprint accounting data chain that takes product functional units as the accounting object and covers the stages of raw material acquisition, production and manufacturing, transportation, use, maintenance and recycling. They also do not correlate equipment efficiency status and dynamic electrocarbon factor with the electricity consumption time, effective energy and life-cycle activity data of specific product electricity consumption links.

[0005] Furthermore, existing transportation phase accounting typically uses a fixed emission factor per unit turnover, which makes it difficult to simultaneously reflect the differences in energy consumption, actual load rate, and transportation efficiency among different transportation vehicles. For electric vehicles, it is also difficult to reflect the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to charging area and charging time, as well as the impact of charging efficiency on transportation carbon emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in existing product carbon footprint accounting, such as the inability to reflect the spatiotemporal changes of electricity carbon emissions using fixed electrical carbon factors, the inability to reflect the actual operating status of equipment using fixed equipment efficiency, and the insufficient accuracy of electricity indirect emission accounting during the use, maintenance, and transportation phases, this invention provides a product carbon footprint calculation method and system based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency.

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for calculating the carbon footprint of a product based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, comprising: Determine the functional units and lifecycle boundaries of the product to be accounted for, and obtain lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundaries; Identify the target electricity consumption links within the life cycle boundary and obtain data on the electricity consumption area, electricity consumption period, effective energy, and equipment operating status for each target electricity consumption link; Based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, a corresponding dynamic electric carbon factor is matched for each target electricity consumption link; The corresponding equipment baseline efficiency is corrected based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link. Based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency of each target electricity consumption link, determine the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link, and based on the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link and the effective energy, determine the indirect emissions of electricity in each target electricity consumption link. Based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption segment and the corresponding life cycle activity data for each life cycle stage, the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage are determined, and the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for is determined based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage.

[0008] Preferably, the life cycle boundary includes the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the transportation stage, the use and maintenance stage, and the recycling stage; the life cycle activity data includes raw material consumption data in the raw material acquisition stage, direct emission activity data in the manufacturing stage, transportation activity data in the transportation stage, use and maintenance activity data in the use and maintenance stage, and recycling activity data in the recycling stage; the recycling activity data includes the quality of various recycled materials and the replacement ratio of various recycled materials to virgin materials.

[0009] Preferably, based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, a corresponding dynamic carbon dioxide factor is matched for each target electricity consumption link, including: Based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, obtain the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factor, the cross-regional input power and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, the purchased power and the corresponding purchased power benchmark factor, and the actual power consumption on the user side during the corresponding power consumption period. The regional power supply carbon emissions of the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period are obtained by adding the products of the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factors, the power input of each cross-regional area and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, and the power purchased and the corresponding external power reference factor. The ratio of regional power supply carbon emissions to actual electricity consumption on the user side is determined as the basic dynamic carbon factor of the corresponding power supply area during the corresponding power supply period. Based on whether each target electricity consumption link has corresponding traceable green electricity during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined according to the basic dynamic carbon factor, and the dynamic carbon factor is matched with the corresponding target electricity consumption link. Among them, the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions and the purchased power are statistically analyzed without overlap; the power supply before loss is the sum of the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions and the purchased power. The difference obtained by subtracting the transmission and distribution loss rate of the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period is multiplied by the power supply before loss to obtain the actual power consumption on the user side.

[0010] More preferably, considering whether each target electricity consumption link has corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined based on the basic dynamic carbon factor, including: When the target electricity consumption link does not have a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the basic dynamic carbon factor of the corresponding electricity consumption area during the corresponding electricity consumption period shall be determined as the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link. When an enterprise in the target electricity consumption segment has traceable green electricity during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the smaller of the ratio of the total amount of traceable green electricity obtained by the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and which can be used for the carbon footprint accounting of this product to the actual total electricity consumption of the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and 1 is determined as the enterprise's green electricity allocation ratio for the period. Multiply the difference between 1 and the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period by the basic dynamic carbon factor, and multiply the green carbon factor by the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period. Add the two products together to obtain the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link. Among them, the green electricity carbon factor is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the traceable green electricity volume; the same traceable green electricity volume is only counted once, and does not include the clean energy power supply volume that has already been counted when determining the basic dynamic electricity carbon factor, or the traceable green electricity volume that has already been used for carbon footprint accounting of other products.

[0011] Preferably, the equipment operating status data includes one or more of the following: load rate, operating temperature, equipment aging parameters, and control strategies. The control strategies include one or more of the following: equipment operating mode, start-stop method, auxiliary equipment linkage method, energy feedback method, and process operation logic. For the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters that are actually acquired and participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters are substituted into the corresponding preset correction functions to obtain the load rate correction coefficient, temperature correction coefficient, and equipment aging correction coefficient; for the operating status parameters that are not acquired or do not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, their corresponding correction coefficients are set to 1. When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy currently used in the target power consumption link is determined as the target control strategy, and the preset standard operation strategy is determined as the benchmark control strategy. Under the condition that the control strategy is obtained and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, based on the pre-established correspondence between the control strategy and the equipment efficiency, and under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature and equipment aging parameters are taken with the same values, the first equipment efficiency and the second equipment efficiency are obtained. The first equipment efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the equipment to the input power when the equipment is running according to the target control strategy; the second equipment efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the equipment to the input power when the equipment is running according to the baseline control strategy. Under the condition that a control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the ratio of the efficiency of the first device to the efficiency of the second device is determined as the control strategy correction coefficient; when no control strategy is acquired, or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is set to 1. When a control strategy is acquired and participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is used to characterize the efficiency change caused by the differences between the target control strategy and the baseline control strategy in terms of equipment operation mode, start-stop mode, auxiliary equipment linkage mode, energy feedback mode, or process operation logic, under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters are taken to be the same. The efficiency correction result is obtained by multiplying the equipment baseline efficiency, load rate correction coefficient, temperature correction coefficient, equipment aging correction coefficient, and control strategy correction coefficient. When the efficiency correction result is lower than the lower limit of equipment efficiency, the lower limit of equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency. When the efficiency correction result is higher than the upper limit of equipment efficiency, the upper limit of equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency. Otherwise, the efficiency correction result is determined as the dynamic efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link, the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for each target electricity consumption link is determined, and based on the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy and the effective energy for each target electricity consumption link, the indirect emissions of electricity for each target electricity consumption link are determined, including: The ratio of the dynamic carbon factor to the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined as the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for the corresponding target electricity consumption link. Multiply the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link by the effective energy of the corresponding target electricity consumption link to obtain the indirect emissions of electricity for the corresponding target electricity consumption link; When the target electricity consumption link spans multiple electricity consumption periods, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is determined based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each electricity consumption period. The carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is multiplied by the effective energy of the corresponding electricity consumption period, and the resulting products are added together to obtain the indirect electricity emissions of the target electricity consumption link.

[0013] Preferably, based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption segment and the corresponding life cycle activity data for each life cycle stage, the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage are determined, and the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for is determined based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage, including: For each life cycle stage, non-electric activity data are determined from the life cycle activity data corresponding to the corresponding life cycle stage. Each non-electric activity data is multiplied by the corresponding emission factor, and the products are added together to obtain the non-electric emissions for the corresponding life cycle stage. The indirect emissions of electricity from each target electricity consumption segment belonging to the corresponding life cycle stage are added together with the non-electricity emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the carbon emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage; among them, the indirect emissions of electricity belonging to the transportation stage are only counted as carbon emissions of the transportation stage, and the indirect emissions of electricity belonging to the use and maintenance stage are only counted as carbon emissions of the use and maintenance stage. The amount of recycling deduction is determined based on the quality of the recycled materials, the proportion of virgin materials they replace, and the emission factors of the corresponding virgin materials. The carbon emissions at each stage of the life cycle are added together and the amount of recycling credits is deducted to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for.

[0014] Preferably, the method further includes: When the same series energy transfer path corresponding to the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance stage includes multiple energy conversion links, and the product to be calculated outputs effective electrical energy or completes the preset use function during the subsequent discharge period or use period, the effective electrical energy, the benchmark conversion efficiency of each energy conversion link and the operating status data are obtained. The corresponding baseline conversion efficiency is corrected based on the operating status data of each energy conversion stage to obtain the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage. Based on the electricity metering records, changes in state of charge, and the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage, an energy correspondence is established between the effective electrical energy output during the subsequent discharge period or usage period and one or more grid input periods or charging periods. For each of the grid input periods or charging periods, the dynamic conversion efficiency of each of the energy conversion links corresponding to the effective electrical energy with which it is established an energy correspondence is multiplied to obtain the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency, and the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency of the target power consumption link for the corresponding effective electrical energy. Based on the effective electrical energy and corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods, the grid input power corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods is determined respectively; Based on the grid input power, actual input or charging area, and dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each grid input or charging period, the corresponding indirect power emissions are determined, and the obtained indirect power emissions are added together to obtain the indirect power emissions of the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance stage; wherein, the dynamic carbon factor is not matched according to the subsequent discharge period or use period.

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes: Obtain the transportation quality, transportation distance, and transportation vehicle for each transportation task; When the means of transport is fuel-powered, the product of the fuel consumption per unit distance traveled by the fuel carbon emission factor is divided by the product of the rated load capacity and the actual load rate of the fuel-powered means of transport to obtain the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the fuel-powered means of transport. When the transportation vehicle is an electric vehicle, the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover is determined based on the data collection side of the power consumption per unit travel distance. When the power consumption per unit travel distance is the power consumption on the vehicle side or the battery side, the charging efficiency is taken into account in the calculation. When the power consumption per unit travel distance is the power consumption input on the charging pile side or the power grid side, the charging efficiency is no longer used for repeated calculation. The carbon emissions of each transportation task are obtained by multiplying the transportation quality, transportation distance and carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the corresponding transportation vehicle for each transportation task, and then by adding up the carbon emissions of each transportation task to obtain the carbon emissions of the transportation phase. Among them, the actual loading rate is the ratio of the actual load capacity of a transport vehicle during a single transport trip to its rated load capacity; When the power consumption per unit distance of an electric vehicle is the power consumption per unit distance obtained under the actual loading condition of the corresponding transportation task, the unit turnover is converted according to the actual load corresponding to the power consumption per unit distance, and the charging efficiency is further considered based on the data collection side of the power consumption per unit distance.

[0016] More preferably, after determining the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be calculated, one or more of the following variables—production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode—are used as candidate scheme variables. Under the constraints of product output, process sequence, equipment capacity, delivery time, transportation timeliness, and transportation vehicle availability, the dynamic carbon factor, dynamic efficiency, and full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate scheme are determined respectively. Based on the full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate scheme, a target candidate scheme is determined, and adjustment suggestion information corresponding to the target candidate scheme is generated. The adjustment suggestion information is output through a display interface, analysis report, or management terminal. The adjustment suggestion information includes one or more of the following variables: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a product carbon footprint calculation system based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, for implementing the above-mentioned product carbon footprint calculation method. The system includes a life cycle boundary and data acquisition module, an electricity consumption data acquisition module, a dynamic electrical carbon factor determination module, a dynamic efficiency determination module, an electricity indirect emission determination module, and a carbon footprint determination module.

[0018] The lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module is used to determine the functional unit and lifecycle boundary of the product to be accounted for, and to acquire the lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundary.

[0019] The electricity consumption data acquisition module is used to determine the target electricity consumption links within the life cycle boundary and acquire data on the electricity consumption area, electricity consumption period, effective energy, and equipment operating status of each target electricity consumption link.

[0020] The dynamic carbon factor determination module is used to match the corresponding dynamic carbon factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link.

[0021] The dynamic efficiency determination module is used to correct the corresponding equipment baseline efficiency based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link, so as to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link.

[0022] The electricity indirect emission determination module is used to determine the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for each target electricity consumption link based on the dynamic electric carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link, and to determine the electricity indirect emissions for each target electricity consumption link based on the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy and the effective energy.

[0023] The carbon footprint determination module is used to determine the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each stage of its life cycle based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, and to determine the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each stage of its life cycle.

[0024] The life cycle boundary and data acquisition module transmits the life cycle boundary to the electricity consumption data acquisition module and transmits the life cycle activity data to the carbon footprint determination module.

[0025] The electricity consumption data acquisition module transmits the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic electricity carbon factor determination module, transmits the equipment operation status data of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic efficiency determination module, and transmits the effective energy of each target electricity consumption link to the electricity indirect emission determination module.

[0026] The dynamic carbon factor determination module and the dynamic efficiency determination module respectively transmit the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link to the electricity indirect emission determination module.

[0027] The indirect emissions determination module transmits the indirect emissions of electricity from each target electricity consumption stage to the carbon footprint determination module.

[0028] Preferably, the system further includes a scheme evaluation and suggestion output module, which is connected to the carbon footprint determination module. This module is used to evaluate candidate schemes and output adjustment suggestion information in the above-mentioned product carbon footprint calculation method. It determines target candidate schemes based on the full life-cycle carbon footprints of different candidate schemes, generates adjustment suggestion information corresponding to the target candidate schemes, and outputs it through a display interface, analysis report, or management terminal. The adjustment suggestion information includes one or more of the following: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention matches dynamic carbon factors based on the electricity consumption area and time period of the target electricity consumption link, and determines dynamic efficiency in combination with the actual operating status of the equipment. This enables the indirect emissions of electricity in the target electricity consumption link to simultaneously reflect the spatiotemporal changes in the carbon intensity of electricity and the operating conditions of equipment energy efficiency, thereby improving the accuracy and authenticity of product carbon footprint accounting.

[0030] 2. This invention determines the basic dynamic carbon factor based on local power supply, cross-regional power input, purchased power, and transmission and distribution losses. It can reflect the differences in power structure and power supply losses in different regions and time periods, and reduce the accounting deviation that may be caused by using the annual average carbon factor.

[0031] 3. This invention determines the smaller of the ratio of the total traceable green electricity available for carbon footprint accounting of a company in the same period to the actual total electricity consumption and 1 as the green electricity allocation ratio for the company's time period, and uses the green electricity carbon factor to correct the basic dynamic electricity carbon factor; by limiting the same traceable green electricity to be counted only once, and excluding the clean energy power supply already included in the regional power structure and the traceable green electricity already used for carbon footprint accounting of other products, it can prevent duplicate accounting of green electricity and improve the traceability of green electricity usage.

[0032] 4. This invention corrects the equipment baseline efficiency based on load rate, operating temperature, equipment aging parameters, and control strategy. Only when the control strategy is acquired and participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is determined based on the ratio of the equipment efficiency corresponding to the target control strategy and the baseline control strategy. When no control strategy is acquired or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is set to 1, and the efficiency correction result is limited by the upper and lower limits of equipment efficiency, which can more accurately reflect the effective energy output efficiency of the equipment under actual operating conditions.

[0033] 5. In the usage and maintenance phase, this invention distinguishes between the grid input or charging period and the subsequent discharge or usage period, matches the dynamic carbon factor according to the actual area and time of grid input or charging, and considers the dynamic conversion efficiency corresponding to multiple energy conversion links; at the same time, in the transportation phase, it determines the transportation carbon emissions based on the energy consumption, rated load, actual loading rate of the transportation vehicle, and the charging area and charging time of the electric-driven transportation vehicle, thereby improving the completeness and accuracy of carbon emission accounting in the usage and maintenance phase and the transportation phase.

[0034] 6. This invention summarizes the indirect electricity emissions from each target electricity consumption stage and the non-electricity emissions from each life cycle stage, and combines the recycling deduction amount generated by the replacement of virgin materials with recycled materials to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product. It can realize unified accounting, phased traceability and result summary of carbon emissions at each life cycle stage.

[0035] 7. This invention generates and outputs low-carbon adjustment suggestions by comparing the full life-cycle carbon footprint of candidate schemes for different production periods, transferable loads, equipment operation strategies, green electricity usage ratios, charging periods, and transportation methods, providing auxiliary decision-making basis for production, energy, and transportation management without directly controlling on-site equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic carbon dioxide factor and green electricity distribution ratio provided in accordance with the application examples of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a comparative schematic diagram of the dynamic electrocarbon factor before and after green electricity correction, provided in accordance with an application example of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0038] Example 1, Method This embodiment provides a method for calculating the carbon footprint of a product based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency. This method uses the functional unit and life cycle boundary of the product to be accounted for as the basis for calculation. It matches the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link with the dynamic electrical carbon factor, and adjusts the equipment baseline efficiency according to the actual operating status of the equipment corresponding to each target electricity consumption link. This determines the carbon emission intensity corresponding to each unit of effective energy in each target electricity consumption link, as well as the indirect emissions from electricity, and finally summarizes these to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for.

[0039] The method includes the following steps.

[0040] Step 1: Determine the functional unit and lifecycle boundary of the product to be accounted for, and obtain the lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundary.

[0041] Preferably, the life cycle boundary includes the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the transportation stage, the use and maintenance stage, and the recycling stage; The lifecycle activity data includes raw material consumption data in the raw material acquisition stage, direct emission activity data in the production and manufacturing stage, transportation activity data in the transportation stage, use and maintenance activity data in the use and maintenance stage, and recycling activity data in the recycling and processing stage. The data on the recycling activities include the quality of various recycled materials and the replacement ratio of various recycled materials with virgin materials.

[0042] More preferably, the functional unit is used to define the accounting object of the product to be accounted for and the expression benchmark of the carbon footprint results. The life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage are collected or converted according to the functional unit. The functional unit can be determined according to the product type, usage function and accounting purpose of the product to be accounted for. For example, it can be a single product, a preset batch of products, a unit mass product, the effective energy provided by the product within a preset service life, or the number of products corresponding to the completion of a preset usage function.

[0043] More preferably, the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage can be obtained separately in the corresponding life cycle stage, and collected according to the functional unit when calculating the product carbon footprint, without requiring the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage to be obtained at the same time.

[0044] Specifically, let the set of lifecycle stages of the product to be accounted for be . ,but:

[0045] Among them, mat represents the raw material acquisition stage, prod represents the production and manufacturing stage, trans represents the transportation stage, use represents the use and maintenance stage, and recycle represents the recycling and processing stage.

[0046] Specifically, raw material consumption data can include the consumption of various raw materials, auxiliary materials, and packaging materials; Data on direct emissions activities can include data on direct greenhouse gas emissions from fuel combustion, process reactions, or refrigerant leaks during manufacturing processes. Transportation activity data may include transportation quality, transportation distance, type of transportation vehicle, actual load capacity, energy consumption data, charging area and charging time period; Data on usage and maintenance activities can include the number of times the product is used, the duration of use, the effective energy, the amount of maintenance materials consumed, and the frequency of maintenance. Data on recycling activities can include data on activities related to dismantling, crushing, sorting, and regeneration processes, as well as data on the quality of various recycled materials and their replacement ratio with virgin materials.

[0047] Step 2: Determine the target power consumption links within the life cycle boundary, and obtain the power consumption area, power consumption period, effective energy and equipment operation status data of each target power consumption link.

[0048] Preferably, the target electricity consumption link is a process, equipment, or energy conversion link within the life cycle boundary that requires the determination of indirect electricity emissions by combining dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency.

[0049] More preferably, the target power consumption link includes one or more of the following: production processes during the manufacturing stage, charging, discharging, driving, or other energy conversion processes during the use and maintenance stage. For electrically driven transportation vehicles, the charging process can also be considered as the target power consumption link corresponding to the transportation task.

[0050] More preferably, the power consumption area is used to determine the regional power structure corresponding to the target power consumption link, and the power consumption period is used to determine the time-varying carbon factor corresponding to the target power consumption link. The power consumption period can be divided according to hours, minutes, production batches, or other preset time intervals.

[0051] More preferably, the effective energy is the effective energy provided by the target power consumption link to the corresponding process, load, or product usage function.

[0052] For the target power consumption links in the production and manufacturing stage, the effective energy can be the effective process energy output by the equipment to complete the corresponding production process; For the target power consumption links during the use and maintenance phase, the effective energy can be the effective electrical energy required for the product to complete its preset use functions or to be delivered to external loads.

[0053] Specifically, the electricity consumption period can be determined based on the start and end times recorded by the production management system, equipment control system, electricity meter sampling records, or energy management system. The electricity consumption area can be determined based on the installation location of the equipment corresponding to the target electricity consumption link, the power metering node, or the electricity purchase and settlement area. The effective energy can be determined based on the effective output power and operating time of the equipment, or it can be determined based on product output, effective process energy consumption per unit product, or records from energy metering devices.

[0054] Specifically, the equipment operating status data can be obtained from the equipment control system, energy management system, sensors, equipment operation records, efficiency curves provided by the equipment manufacturer, or test calibration data. The equipment operating status data is correlated with the corresponding target electricity consumption links and periods, so that the subsequently determined dynamic efficiency and the corresponding dynamic electrocarbon factor have a consistent time range.

[0055] Step 3: Match a corresponding dynamic carbon factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link.

[0056] Preferably, matching a corresponding dynamic carbon dioxide factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link includes: Based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, obtain the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factor, the cross-regional input power and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, the purchased power and the corresponding purchased power benchmark factor, and the actual power consumption on the user side during the corresponding electricity consumption period. The regional power supply carbon emissions of the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period are obtained by adding the product of the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factor, the product of the cross-regional input power and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, and the product of the purchased power and the corresponding purchased power reference factor. The ratio of the carbon emissions from power supply in the region to the actual electricity consumption on the user side is determined as the basic dynamic carbon factor of the corresponding power-consuming region during the corresponding power-consuming period. Based on whether each target electricity consumption link has a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined according to the basic dynamic carbon factor, and the dynamic carbon factor is matched with the corresponding target electricity consumption link.

[0057] More preferably, the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions, and the purchased power are statistically analyzed using non-overlapping methods. The purchased power does not include the power already included in the power input from various regions or the power supply of local power sources. The power supply before loss is the sum of the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions, and the purchased power. The difference between this sum and the transmission and distribution loss rate of the corresponding power consumption area during the corresponding power consumption period is multiplied by the power supply before loss to obtain the actual power consumption on the user side.

[0058] Specifically, let the electricity consumption area be... Electricity usage period is Then the electricity consumption area r during the electricity consumption period The power supply before internal losses is:

[0059] in, Indicates the area of ​​electricity use During electricity usage hours Power supply before internal losses; Indicates the first Local power supply during power consumption periods Internal power supply; Indicates the region During electricity usage hours Inward-facing electrical areas Inputting cross-regional power consumption; Indicates the area of ​​electricity use During electricity usage hours Electricity purchased from outside the country.

[0060] Specifically, the electricity consumption area During electricity usage hours The actual electricity consumption on the user side within the system is:

[0061] in, This indicates the actual electricity consumption on the user's side; Indicates the area of ​​electricity use During electricity usage hours The power transmission and distribution loss rate within the region.

[0062] Specifically, the electricity consumption area During electricity usage hours The carbon emissions from the local power supply are:

[0063] in, Indicates the area of ​​electricity use During electricity usage hours Carbon emissions from power supply within the area; Indicates the first The power emission factor corresponding to local power sources; Indicates the region The corresponding cross-regional power input during the power consumption period The input dynamic carbon factor within; This represents the benchmark factor for purchased electricity.

[0064] Specifically, the electricity consumption area During electricity usage hours The basic dynamic electrocarbon factor within is:

[0065] After expanding the carbon emissions from power supply in the region, the basic dynamic carbon factor is:

[0066] Based on the above calculations, the basic dynamic carbon factor can vary with changes in the local power supply structure, inter-regional power input, purchased power, and transmission and distribution losses within the power consumption area.

[0067] Further preferably, the step of determining the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each of the target electricity consumption links based on whether each target electricity consumption link has a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, according to the basic dynamic carbon factor, includes: When the target electricity consumption link does not have a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the basic dynamic electric carbon factor of the corresponding electricity consumption area during the corresponding electricity consumption period is determined as the dynamic electric carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link. When the enterprise to which the target electricity consumption link belongs has traceable green electricity during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the smaller of the ratio of the total amount of traceable green electricity obtained by the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and which can be used for the carbon footprint accounting of this product to the actual total electricity consumption of the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and 1 is determined as the enterprise's green electricity allocation ratio for the period. Multiply the difference obtained by subtracting the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period from the base dynamic carbon factor, and multiply the green carbon factor by the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period. Add the two products together to obtain the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link.

[0068] More preferably, the green electricity carbon factor is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the traceable green electricity volume; the same traceable green electricity volume is only counted once, and does not include the clean energy power supply volume already counted when determining the basic dynamic electricity carbon factor, nor the traceable green electricity volume already used for carbon footprint accounting of other products.

[0069] Specifically, let the target electricity consumption link be... Then the target electricity consumption link During electricity usage hours The applicable green electricity allocation ratio for enterprises during the specified time period is as follows:

[0070] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During electricity usage hours The applicable green electricity allocation ratio for each time period, determined at the enterprise level; Indicates the target power consumption link During the electricity usage period of the affiliated enterprise The total amount of traceable green electricity obtained within the scope and usable for the carbon footprint accounting of this product; Indicates the target power consumption link During the electricity usage period of the affiliated enterprise The actual total electricity consumption within the area.

[0071] The green electricity allocation ratio satisfies:

[0072] Specifically, when the target electricity consumption link During the electricity usage period of the affiliated enterprise When there is no corresponding traceable green electricity quantity:

[0073] When the target power consumption link During the electricity usage period of the affiliated enterprise When the corresponding traceable green electricity quantity is present:

[0074] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During electricity usage hours The corresponding dynamic electrocarbon factor; This indicates the green electricity carbon factor corresponding to the traceable amount of green electricity.

[0075] Specifically, the traceable green electricity volume can be determined based on bilateral green electricity trading contracts, cancelled green certificates, or other traceable electricity contracts, and the green electricity allocation ratio for each enterprise's time period can be determined according to the enterprise's actual electricity consumption period. The enterprise's time period green electricity allocation ratio is uniformly applied to each target electricity consumption link of the enterprise within the corresponding electricity consumption period. The total traceable green electricity volume allocated according to the ratio shall not exceed the total traceable green electricity volume that can be used for the carbon footprint accounting of this product, and the same traceable green electricity volume shall not be repeatedly allocated between different product carbon footprint accounting objects.

[0076] More preferably, when the metering data of the target electricity consumption links and the enterprise's internal green electricity allocation records are available, the green electricity allocation ratio can be determined separately for each specific target electricity consumption link. In this case, the traceable green electricity amount allocated to the corresponding target electricity consumption link and not used by other accounting objects is used as the numerator, and the actual electricity consumption of the target electricity consumption link during the corresponding electricity consumption period is used as the denominator. The smaller value of the resulting ratio and 1 is determined as the green electricity allocation ratio of the target electricity consumption link, and the enterprise-level green electricity allocation ratio is no longer applied to the target electricity consumption link at the same time.

[0077] Step 4: Correct the corresponding equipment baseline efficiency based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link.

[0078] Preferably, the equipment operating status data includes one or more of the following: load rate, operating temperature, equipment aging parameters, and control strategy. The control strategy includes one or more of the following: equipment operating mode, start-stop method, auxiliary equipment linkage method, energy feedback method, and process operation logic. For the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters that are actually acquired and participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the load rate is substituted into a preset load rate correction function to obtain the load rate correction coefficient, the operating temperature is substituted into a preset temperature correction function to obtain the temperature correction coefficient, and the equipment aging parameters are substituted into a preset equipment aging correction function to obtain the equipment aging correction coefficient; for operating status parameters that are not acquired or do not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, their corresponding correction coefficients are set to 1. When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy currently used in the target power consumption link is determined as the target control strategy, and the preset standard operation strategy is determined as the benchmark control strategy. Under the condition that the control strategy is obtained and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, based on the pre-established correspondence between the control strategy and the equipment efficiency, and under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature and equipment aging parameters are taken with the same values, the first equipment efficiency and the second equipment efficiency are obtained. The first device efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the device to the input power when the device is running according to the target control strategy; the second device efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the device to the input power when the device is running according to the baseline control strategy. When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the ratio of the efficiency of the first device to the efficiency of the second device is determined as the control strategy correction coefficient; when the control strategy is not acquired, or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is set to 1. The efficiency correction result is obtained by multiplying the equipment baseline efficiency, the load rate correction coefficient, the temperature correction coefficient, the equipment aging correction coefficient, and the control strategy correction coefficient. The efficiency correction result is then limited according to the lower limit and upper limit of equipment efficiency to obtain the dynamic efficiency.

[0079] More preferably, the load rate correction function is determined based on the efficiency curve provided by the equipment manufacturer or test calibration data under different load rates; The temperature correction function is determined by fitting the measured efficiency or historical operating data of the equipment at different operating temperatures; The equipment aging correction function is determined based on the equipment's cumulative operating time, maintenance records, and historical unit output energy consumption.

[0080] More preferably, when the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is determined based on equipment operation tests, efficiency parameters for different operating modes provided by the equipment manufacturer, historical operating data in the enterprise energy management system, or a pre-established correspondence between the control strategy and equipment efficiency. When measured data is lacking, the control strategy correction coefficient for numerical simulation can be set based on equipment technical parameters and conventional operating experience, and marked as the simulation setpoint.

[0081] More preferably, when the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is used to characterize the efficiency change caused by the differences between the target control strategy and the benchmark control strategy in terms of equipment operation mode, start-stop mode, auxiliary equipment linkage mode, energy feedback mode, or process operation logic under the same or similar load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters.

[0082] Specifically, the load rate correction coefficient can be expressed as:

[0083] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During the corresponding power consumption period Load rate within.

[0084] The temperature correction factor can be expressed as:

[0085] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During the corresponding power consumption period Operating temperature inside.

[0086] The equipment aging correction factor can be expressed as:

[0087] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During the corresponding power consumption period Equipment aging parameters within the system.

[0088] Specifically, when the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, a lifecycle phase is defined. The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period The target control strategy variables adopted are The corresponding baseline control strategy variables are .

[0089] Under the condition that the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, and the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters all take the same values, the equipment adopts the target control strategy variable. The efficiency of the first device at runtime is:

[0090] The equipment adopts a baseline control strategy variable. The efficiency of the second device during runtime is:

[0091] Wherein, the first equipment efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the equipment to the input power when the equipment is running according to the target control strategy; the second equipment efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the equipment to the input power when the equipment is running according to the baseline control strategy.

[0092] When the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is:

[0093] when When this occurs, it indicates that the target control strategy improves equipment efficiency compared to the baseline control strategy; when When this occurs, it indicates that the target control strategy reduces equipment efficiency compared to the baseline control strategy; when This indicates that the device is using a baseline control strategy, has not acquired a control strategy, or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction.

[0094] Specifically, the efficiency correction results for the target electricity consumption segment during the electricity consumption period and the dynamic efficiency after limiting are as follows:

[0095]

[0096] In the first formula, the left side represents the efficiency correction result of the target power consumption link during the corresponding power consumption period.

[0097] in, Indicates the target power consumption link During electricity usage hours Internal dynamic efficiency; Indicates the target power consumption link The lower limit of equipment efficiency for the corresponding equipment. This indicates the upper limit of the equipment efficiency of the corresponding device.

[0098] Specifically, the equipment baseline efficiency and each correction function can be determined based on the manufacturer's efficiency curve, equipment test data, or historical operating data. When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the first equipment efficiency and the second equipment efficiency can be determined based on equipment test data, manufacturer's efficiency parameters, or historical operating data. The lower limit of the equipment efficiency is greater than 0 and not higher than the upper limit of the equipment efficiency, and the upper limit of the equipment efficiency is not greater than 1. According to the above limiting formula, when the efficiency correction result is lower than the lower limit of the equipment efficiency, the lower limit of the equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency; when the efficiency correction result is higher than the upper limit of the equipment efficiency, the upper limit of the equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency; otherwise, the efficiency correction result is determined as the dynamic efficiency.

[0099] When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the values ​​of load rate, operating temperature and equipment aging parameters are kept the same during the process of determining the control strategy correction coefficient. The control strategy correction coefficient is used to characterize the efficiency change caused by the difference between the target control strategy and the benchmark control strategy in terms of equipment operation mode, start-stop mode, auxiliary equipment linkage mode, energy feedback mode or process operation logic.

[0100] Indicates the target power consumption link The equipment baseline efficiency of the corresponding device.

[0101] Specifically, for the electrode drying process, the control strategy may include oven temperature setpoint, conveyor speed, circulating fan frequency, fresh air ratio, and zone heating start / stop mode; For the cell formation process, the control strategy may include charge / discharge rate, constant current and constant voltage switching conditions, resting time, and temperature control method; For the final assembly and testing process, the control strategy may include the test batch organization method, standby start / stop method, and test power setting.

[0102] Step 5: Based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency of each target electricity consumption link, determine the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link, and based on the carbon emission intensity and effective energy corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link, determine the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link.

[0103] Preferably, the step of determining the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for each target electricity consumption link based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link, and determining the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link based on the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy and the effective energy, includes: The ratio of the dynamic carbon factor to the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined as the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for the corresponding target electricity consumption link. Multiply the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link by the effective energy of the corresponding target electricity consumption link to obtain the indirect electricity emissions of the corresponding target electricity consumption link; When the target electricity consumption link spans multiple electricity consumption periods, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is determined according to the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each electricity consumption period. The carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is multiplied by the effective energy of the corresponding electricity consumption period, and the resulting products are added together to obtain the indirect electricity emissions of the target electricity consumption link.

[0104] Specifically, life cycle stages are defined. The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period The corresponding dynamic electrocarbon factor is The corresponding dynamic efficiency is Then, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of the target electricity consumption link is:

[0105] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period Carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy.

[0106] Specifically, life cycle stages The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period Indirect electricity emissions within the region are:

[0107] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period Effective energy within.

[0108] Expanding the carbon emission intensity:

[0109] Specifically, during the life cycle stage The first in When a target electricity consumption link spans multiple electricity consumption periods, its indirect electricity emissions are as follows:

[0110] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The first in The set of electricity consumption periods spanned by each target electricity consumption link.

[0111] Specifically, when the acquired data is the effective output power of the target power consumption link during each power consumption period, the effective energy is:

[0112] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period Effective output power within, This indicates the time interval between adjacent electricity consumption periods.

[0113] At this time, the indirect power emission of the target power consumption link is:

[0114] The effective output power and input power satisfy the following:

[0115] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The first in Each target electricity consumption segment during electricity consumption period Input power within.

[0116] The sum of indirect electricity emissions corresponding to the target electricity consumption links in each life cycle stage is:

[0117] in, Indicates lifecycle stage The set of target electricity consumption links in the process.

[0118] More preferably, the input data includes a data type identifier. When an enterprise provides the effective output energy or effective output power of the target electricity consumption link, the effective output energy is converted into the meter-side input electricity based on dynamic efficiency; when an enterprise directly provides the meter-side input electricity or input power of the target electricity consumption link, the indirect electricity emissions are directly determined based on the input electricity and its corresponding dynamic carbon factor, without repeatedly converting the input electricity using dynamic efficiency.

[0119] Specifically, when using input electricity for calculation:

[0120] in, Indicates lifecycle stage Target electricity consumption links During electricity usage hours The electricity is input to the meter inside the meter.

[0121] When using continuous input power for calculation:

[0122] in, Indicates lifecycle stage Target electricity consumption links During electricity usage hours Input power within.

[0123] Step 6: Based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, determine the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage, and determine the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage.

[0124] Preferably, the step of determining the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, and determining the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage, includes: For each life cycle stage, non-electric activity data are determined from the life cycle activity data corresponding to the corresponding life cycle stage. Each non-electric activity data is multiplied by the corresponding emission factor, and the resulting products are added together to obtain the non-electric emissions for the corresponding life cycle stage. The carbon emissions for the corresponding life cycle stage are obtained by adding the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption segment belonging to the corresponding life cycle stage to the non-electricity emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage. The amount of recycling deduction is determined based on the quality of the recycled materials, the proportion of virgin materials they replace, and the emission factors of the corresponding virgin materials. The carbon emissions at each stage of the life cycle are added together and the recycling deduction is subtracted to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for.

[0125] Specifically, life cycle stages Non-electricity emissions are:

[0126] in, Indicates lifecycle stage Non-electricity emissions; Indicates lifecycle stage The corresponding set of non-power activity data items; Indicates lifecycle stage The corresponding number Non-electricity activity data; Indicates the first Emission factors corresponding to non-electricity activity data.

[0127] Specifically, life cycle stages Carbon emissions are:

[0128] When the life cycle stage When there is no target electricity consumption link, the corresponding indirect electricity emissions are taken as zero.

[0129] Specifically, the amount of recycling deduction is:

[0130] in, Represents a set of types of recyclable materials; Indicates the first The quality of recycled materials; Indicates the first The ratio of recycled materials to corresponding virgin materials; This indicates the emission factor of the corresponding primary material.

[0131] Specifically, the carbon footprint of the product to be calculated over its entire lifecycle is as follows:

[0132] After breaking down each life cycle stage:

[0133] in, This indicates carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage; Indicates carbon emissions during the production and manufacturing phase; Indicates carbon emissions during the transportation phase; Indicates carbon emissions during the use and maintenance phase; This indicates carbon emissions during the recycling and processing stage.

[0134] Specifically, when carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage are further broken down into direct emissions from production and processing and indirect emissions from electricity generation during the manufacturing stage, the full life-cycle carbon footprint can also be equivalently expressed as follows:

[0135] in, This indicates direct emissions during production and processing. This represents the sum of indirect electricity emissions corresponding to each target electricity consumption stage in the production and manufacturing process; This indicates carbon emissions during the transportation phase and includes indirect emissions from electricity generated during that phase. This indicates carbon emissions during the use and maintenance phase, including indirect electricity emissions corresponding to the use and maintenance phase. The aforementioned indirect electricity emissions are counted only once in their respective life cycle phases.

[0136] Preferably, the method further includes: When the same series energy transfer path corresponding to the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance phase includes multiple energy conversion links, and the product to be calculated outputs effective electrical energy or completes the preset use function during the subsequent discharge period or use period, the effective electrical energy, the benchmark conversion efficiency of each energy conversion link and the operating status data are obtained. The corresponding baseline conversion efficiency is corrected based on the operating status data of each energy conversion stage to obtain the dynamic conversion efficiency corresponding to each energy conversion stage. Based on the electricity metering records, changes in state of charge, and the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage, an energy correspondence is established between the effective electrical energy output during the subsequent discharge period or usage period and one or more grid input periods or charging periods. For each of the grid input periods or charging periods, the dynamic conversion efficiency of each of the energy conversion links corresponding to the effective electrical energy with which it is established an energy correspondence is multiplied to obtain the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency, and the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency of the target power consumption link for the corresponding effective electrical energy. Based on the effective electrical energy and corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods, the grid input power corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods is determined respectively; Based on the grid input power, actual input or charging area, and dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each grid input or charging period, the corresponding indirect power emissions are determined, and the obtained indirect power emissions are added together to obtain the indirect power emissions of the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance stage; wherein, the dynamic carbon factor is not matched according to the subsequent discharge period or use period.

[0137] More preferably, for power batteries, energy storage systems, or products that require charging and discharging operation, when the functional unit is the effective electrical energy delivered by the product to an external load within a preset service life, the energy transfer path may include grid input, charging conversion, energy storage, and discharging output, with charging conversion efficiency and discharging conversion efficiency considered accordingly. When a product is installed in an electric vehicle or other electrical equipment, and the functional unit is further limited to the output energy of the drive end, driving range, or other terminal use functions, motor efficiency, drive system efficiency, or other conversion efficiencies can also be further considered.

[0138] For power batteries, energy storage systems, electric vehicles, or other products that span multiple charging and discharging periods, the grid input period or charging period is the time when electricity actually enters the product or its energy storage unit to be accounted for, and the discharging period or usage period is the time when the product to be accounted for outputs effective electrical energy to external loads or completes preset usage functions. The dynamic carbon factor is matched according to the region and time period where grid input or charging actually occurs, and the dynamic carbon factor of the discharging period or end-use period is not directly adopted. Based on the electricity metering records, changes in state of charge, and the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion link, an energy correspondence is established between the effective electrical energy output in subsequent discharging periods or usage periods and one or more grid input periods or charging periods.

[0139] To distinguish between energy input and output, t in the following formula represents the grid input period or charging period; the effective electrical energy corresponding to t in the formula represents the effective electrical energy that is allocated to the grid input period or charging period according to the above energy correspondence and output in the subsequent discharge period or usage period.

[0140] Specifically, let the set of energy conversion stages in the same series energy transfer path corresponding to the target power consumption stage be . This applies to either the grid input period or the charging period. The dynamic conversion efficiencies of each energy conversion stage corresponding to the effective electrical energy allocated to the grid input period or charging period according to the energy correspondence are multiplied to obtain the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency:

[0141] in, Indicates the target power consumption link For periods of grid input or charging Establish the comprehensive dynamic efficiency corresponding to the effective electrical energy in terms of energy correspondence. This indicates the time period allocated to the grid input or charging period according to the stated energy correspondence. The effective electrical energy corresponding to the first The dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage.

[0142] Specifically, for the period of grid input or charging period The grid input power is determined based on the effective electrical energy and corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency for that time period:

[0143] Based on the effective electrical energy and corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency corresponding to the relevant grid input period or charging period, the grid input power can also be equivalently expressed as:

[0144] in, This indicates the amount of electricity input to the grid during the grid input period or charging period t of the target electricity consumption segment; It represents the effective electrical energy that is allocated to the grid input period or charging period t according to the energy correspondence, and output during the subsequent discharge period or usage period.

[0145] Specifically, the target electricity consumption links For each grid input period or charging period, the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective electrical energy corresponding to the corresponding effective electrical energy is:

[0146] Specifically, the indirect electricity emissions during the product's use and maintenance phase are determined by multiplying the grid input electricity during each grid input period or charging period by the corresponding actual input or charging area and the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the corresponding grid input period or charging period, and then summing the results:

[0147] After expanding the grid input power corresponding to each grid input period or charging period:

[0148] Based on the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit of effective electrical energy, the indirect emissions from electricity can also be equivalently expressed as:

[0149] Through the above calculations, for each grid input period or charging period, the grid input power is determined based on the corresponding effective electrical energy and the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency, and the dynamic carbon factor is matched according to the actual area and time period of grid input or charging. Thus, the carbon emissions during the product use and maintenance phase can be associated with the effective electrical energy output during the subsequent discharge or use period through the energy correspondence, instead of matching the dynamic carbon factor according to the subsequent discharge or use period.

[0150] Preferably, the method further includes: Obtain the transportation quality, transportation distance, and transportation vehicle for each transportation task; When the means of transport is a fuel-powered means of transport, the product of the fuel consumption per unit distance traveled by the fuel carbon emission factor is divided by the product of the rated load and the actual load rate of the means of transport to obtain the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the means of transport. When the means of transport is an electrically driven means of transport, the data collection side for the power consumption per unit distance is determined; when the power consumption per unit distance is the power consumption on the vehicle side or the battery side, charging efficiency is considered in the calculation of carbon emission intensity per unit turnover; when the power consumption per unit distance is the power consumption input on the charging pile side or the power grid side, it is calculated directly based on the power consumption per unit distance and the dynamic carbon factor, without using charging efficiency for repeated calculation. The carbon emission of each transportation task is obtained by multiplying the transportation quality, transportation distance and carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the corresponding transportation vehicle for each transportation task, and the carbon emission of each transportation task is obtained by adding the carbon emission of each transportation task. The actual loading rate is the ratio of the actual load capacity of the transport vehicle during a single transport to its rated load capacity. When the unit travel distance power consumption of the electric-driven transportation vehicle is the unit travel distance power consumption obtained under the actual loading state of the corresponding transportation task, the unit turnover is converted according to the actual load weight corresponding to the unit travel distance power consumption; when the unit travel distance power consumption is the power consumption on the vehicle side or the battery side, the charging efficiency is also considered; when the unit travel distance power consumption is the power consumption input on the charging pile side or the power grid side, the charging efficiency is no longer considered.

[0151] More preferably, the means of transport includes one or more of the following: gasoline trucks, diesel trucks, railway vehicles, waterway vehicles, air transport vehicles, and electric vehicles. Different means of transport can be used for different transport tasks.

[0152] Specifically, setting up transportation vehicles The rated load is The actual load capacity for a single transport is Then the means of transport The actual load rate is:

[0153] Specifically, when Means of transport In actual loading rate Fuel consumption per 100 kilometers for fuel-powered vehicles The carbon emission intensity per unit turnover is:

[0154] in, Indicates fuel transport vehicles Carbon emission intensity per unit turnover; Indicates fuel transport vehicles In actual loading rate Fuel consumption per 100 kilometers; This indicates the fuel carbon emission factor corresponding to the respective fuel. Means of transport Rated load capacity.

[0155] More specifically, fuel transport vehicles In actual loading rate The fuel consumption per unit distance traveled is as follows:

[0156] When the fuel consumption per unit distance traveled by a fuel-powered transport vehicle is directly obtained, the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the fuel-powered transport vehicle can also be equivalently expressed as:

[0157] Specifically, for electric freight cars, railway electric traction vehicles, or other electrically driven transportation vehicles, let their charging period be... Then electric-powered transportation vehicles During charging period The corresponding carbon emission intensity per unit turnover is:

[0158] in, Indicates electric-powered transportation vehicles In actual loading rate Energy consumption per unit distance traveled; This indicates the charging area of ​​the electric-driven vehicle during the charging period. The corresponding dynamic electrocarbon factor; This indicates that the electric-powered vehicle is during the charging period. The corresponding charging efficiency.

[0159] The above calculation formula, which includes charging efficiency, applies to situations where the energy consumption per unit travel distance is either vehicle-side or battery-side. When the energy consumption per unit travel distance is input energy consumption from the charging pile side or the power grid side, the energy consumption per unit travel distance already includes the energy loss during the charging process, and therefore is not divided by the charging efficiency in the corresponding calculation formula.

[0160] Therefore, when the same electric-powered vehicle is charged in different regions or at different times, the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover can be determined based on the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the charging region and charging time. For example, when charging during periods of high renewable energy consumption, the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover is usually lower than when charging during periods of high fossil fuel power generation.

[0161] Specifically, when the energy consumption per unit distance traveled by an electrically powered transportation vehicle has been obtained under the actual loading condition of the corresponding transportation task, its carbon emission intensity per unit turnover is:

[0162] in, This represents the power consumption per unit distance traveled under the actual loading conditions of the corresponding transportation task; This indicates the actual load capacity corresponding to the energy consumption per unit travel distance.

[0163] Since the energy consumption per unit travel distance already includes the impact of the actual load weight of the corresponding transportation task on energy consumption, when using the above formula, the unit turnover is directly calculated based on the actual load weight, and the energy consumption per unit travel distance is no longer repeatedly corrected using the actual loading rate.

[0164] Specifically, for transportation tasks Its transportation carbon emissions are:

[0165] in, Indicates transportation task Corresponding transport quality; Indicates transportation task The corresponding transportation distance; Indicates transportation task Carbon emission intensity per unit turnover corresponding to the transportation tools used.

[0166] Carbon emissions during the transportation phase are:

[0167] in, This represents a set of transportation tasks.

[0168] Specifically, when each transportation task selects a transportation tool from multiple candidate transportation tools, the carbon emissions during the transportation phase can also be expressed as:

[0169] in, Represents the set of candidate transportation vehicles; Indicates transportation task Choose a mode of transportation A variable whose value can be 0 or 1; Indicates transportation task Use transportation Transportation distance at that time; Means of transport Carbon emission intensity per unit turnover under the corresponding transportation or charging period and loading rate.

[0170] In some implementations, after determining the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for, different production periods, transferable loads, equipment operation strategies, green electricity usage ratios, charging periods, and transportation combinations can be used as candidate solutions. Under the condition of meeting the requirements of product output, process sequence, equipment capacity, delivery time, transportation timeliness, and transportation availability, the dynamic carbon factor, dynamic efficiency, and full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate solution are re-determined according to steps 1 to 6, and the target candidate solution is determined based on the full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate solution.

[0171] Specifically, the evaluation objective for candidate solutions can be expressed as follows:

[0172] in, This represents indirect emissions from electricity, determined based on dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency.

[0173] Specifically, the candidate solutions satisfy:

[0174] in, Indicates the product completion time corresponding to the candidate solution; Indicates the product delivery period; and These represent the lower limit and upper limit of equipment efficiency, respectively.

[0175] More preferably, the candidate solutions can also satisfy constraints such as process sequence constraints, equipment rated power constraints, total output constraints, energy conservation constraints for transferable loads, upper limit of green electricity usage ratio, transportation availability constraints, and delivery time constraints. The candidate solution evaluation is only used to compare multiple feasible solutions based on existing accounting boundaries and activity data. It does not change the product carbon footprint calculation method corresponding to steps 1 to 6, nor does it directly issue automatic control commands to on-site production equipment, charging equipment, or transportation vehicles.

[0176] Adjustment suggestions are generated based on the target candidate solutions. These suggestions may include one or more of the following: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode. The suggestions are output through a display interface, analysis report, or management terminal to assist production management system, energy management system, or transportation management personnel in making decisions.

[0177] Example 2, System This embodiment provides a product carbon footprint calculation system based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, used to implement the product carbon footprint calculation method described in Embodiment 1.

[0178] The system includes a life cycle boundary and data acquisition module, an electricity consumption data acquisition module, a dynamic electricity carbon factor determination module, a dynamic efficiency determination module, an electricity indirect emission determination module, and a carbon footprint determination module.

[0179] The lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module is used to determine the functional unit and lifecycle boundary of the product to be accounted for, and to acquire lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundary.

[0180] Specifically, the lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module can acquire raw material consumption data in the raw material acquisition stage, direct emission activity data in the production and manufacturing stage, transportation activity data in the transportation stage, use and maintenance activity data in the use and maintenance stage, and recycling and treatment activity data in the recycling and treatment stage.

[0181] The lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module is also used to acquire data on the quality of various recycled materials and the replacement ratio of various recycled materials with virgin materials.

[0182] The electricity consumption data acquisition module is used to determine the target electricity consumption links within the life cycle boundary and acquire data on the electricity consumption area, electricity consumption period, effective energy, and equipment operating status of each target electricity consumption link.

[0183] The dynamic carbon factor determination module is used to match the corresponding dynamic carbon factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link.

[0184] Specifically, the dynamic carbon factor determination module can obtain the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions, the purchased power, the actual power consumption on the user side, and the corresponding emission factors in the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period according to non-overlapping statistical calibers, and determine the basic dynamic carbon factor. When the enterprise to which the target power consumption link belongs has corresponding traceable green electricity, the smaller value of the ratio of the enterprise's total traceable green electricity available for this product carbon footprint accounting to the actual total power consumption and 1 is determined as the enterprise's green electricity allocation ratio for the time period, and the basic dynamic carbon factor is corrected according to the enterprise's green electricity allocation ratio for the time period and the green electricity carbon factor. The same traceable green electricity is only counted once and does not overlap with the clean energy power supply or other product carbon footprint accounting already included in the basic dynamic carbon factor.

[0185] The dynamic efficiency determination module is used to correct the corresponding equipment baseline efficiency based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link, so as to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link.

[0186] Specifically, the dynamic efficiency determination module determines the corresponding correction coefficients based on the actual acquired and corrected load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters. For load rate, operating temperature, or equipment aging parameters that are not acquired or do not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, their corresponding correction coefficients are set to 1. Only when a control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction is the target control strategy and the baseline control strategy determined. Under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters take the same values, the first equipment efficiency and the second equipment efficiency are acquired, and the ratio of the first equipment efficiency to the second equipment efficiency is determined as the control strategy correction coefficient. When no control strategy is acquired or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is set to 1. When the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is used to characterize the efficiency change caused by the difference between the target control strategy and the baseline control strategy. The equipment baseline efficiency is multiplied by each correction coefficient to obtain the efficiency correction result, and the efficiency correction result is limited according to the lower limit and upper limit of equipment efficiency to obtain the dynamic efficiency.

[0187] The electricity indirect emission determination module is used to determine the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy for each target electricity consumption link based on the dynamic electric carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link, and to determine the electricity indirect emission of each target electricity consumption link based on the carbon emission intensity and effective energy.

[0188] The carbon footprint determination module is used to determine the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each stage of its life cycle based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, and to determine the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each stage of its life cycle.

[0189] The lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module transmits the lifecycle boundary to the electricity consumption link data acquisition module, so that the electricity consumption link data acquisition module can determine the target electricity consumption link within the lifecycle boundary.

[0190] The life cycle boundary and data acquisition module also transmits life cycle activity data to the carbon footprint determination module, so that the carbon footprint determination module can determine the non-electricity emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage based on the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage.

[0191] The electricity consumption data acquisition module transmits the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic electricity carbon factor determination module, transmits the equipment operation status data of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic efficiency determination module, and transmits the effective energy of each target electricity consumption link to the electricity indirect emission determination module.

[0192] The dynamic electrocarbon factor determination module transmits the dynamic electrocarbon factor corresponding to each target electricity consumption stage to the electricity indirect emission determination module. The dynamic efficiency determination module transmits the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption stage to the electricity indirect emission determination module.

[0193] The indirect electricity emissions determination module determines the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption stage based on the corresponding dynamic carbon factor, dynamic efficiency, and effective energy. For target electricity consumption stages that involve energy input and output across time periods during the use and maintenance phase, an energy correspondence is established between the effective electrical energy output during subsequent discharge or usage periods and one or more grid input or charging periods, based on electricity metering records, changes in state of charge, and the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage. For each grid input or charging period, the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage corresponding to the effective electrical energy with which the energy correspondence is established is multiplied to obtain the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency, and the corresponding grid input electricity is determined based on the corresponding effective electrical energy and the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency. The dynamic carbon factor is matched according to the actual input or charging area and the corresponding grid input or charging period, but not according to the subsequent discharge or usage period. The indirect electricity emissions determination module transmits the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption stage to the carbon footprint determination module.

[0194] The carbon footprint determination module aggregates the indirect electricity emissions from each target electricity consumption segment belonging to the same life cycle stage with the non-electricity emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the carbon emissions for each life cycle stage; and determines the recycling deduction amount based on the recycling and treatment activity data, and deducts the recycling deduction amount from the sum of the carbon emissions for each life cycle stage to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for.

[0195] More preferably, the system further includes a scheme evaluation and suggestion output module, which is connected to the carbon footprint determination module. This module is used to implement the candidate scheme evaluation and adjustment suggestion information output in the product carbon footprint calculation method described in Embodiment 1, receive the full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to different candidate schemes, determine the target candidate scheme based on the full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate scheme, and generate adjustment suggestion information corresponding to the target candidate scheme.

[0196] The scheme evaluation and suggestion output module outputs the adjustment suggestion information through a display interface, analysis report, or management terminal. The adjustment suggestion information includes one or more of the following: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode. The system is used for carbon footprint accounting and low-carbon auxiliary decision-making, and does not directly issue automatic control commands to field equipment.

[0197] Application Examples To further illustrate the product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency provided by this invention, numerical simulation is performed using a batch of power battery module products as an example.

[0198] This application example first determines the functional unit and life cycle boundary of the product to be accounted for. Then, it matches the dynamic electrical carbon factor according to the electricity consumption period corresponding to each production process, and then corrects the equipment baseline efficiency corresponding to each production process according to the equipment operating status. Subsequently, it calculates the indirect electricity emissions during the manufacturing stage, the carbon emissions during the transportation stage, and the carbon emissions during other life cycle stages to obtain the product's full life cycle carbon footprint. By setting different comparison schemes, it analyzes the impact of dynamic electrical carbon factor, dynamic efficiency, and production and transportation schemes on the accounting results.

[0199] I. Simulation Object and Boundary Settings Using a certain batch of power battery module products as the simulation object, the product batch is set to 100 pieces, the calculation period is 24 hours, and the time step is 1 hour.

[0200] The product lifecycle boundary includes the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the transportation stage, the use and maintenance stage, and the recycling and disposal stage.

[0201] The production and manufacturing stage selects three typical high-power-consuming processes: electrode drying, cell formation, and final assembly and testing; the transportation stage sets four modes of transportation: diesel trucks, railways, electric trucks, and waterways.

[0202] II. Main Parameter Settings The product lifecycle carbon emissions in this application example include carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage, direct carbon emissions during the production and manufacturing stage, indirect carbon emissions from electricity generation during the production and manufacturing stage, carbon emissions during the transportation stage, carbon emissions during the use and maintenance stage, carbon emissions during the recycling and disposal stage, and carbon emissions from recycling deductions.

[0203] The dynamic efficiency of electrode drying, cell formation and final assembly testing processes is adjusted based on the equipment reference efficiency, load rate, operating temperature, equipment aging parameters and control strategies of the respective equipment.

[0204] Dynamic carbon factor and green electricity distribution ratio, for example Figure 2 As shown, transportation carbon emissions are calculated based on the transportation quality, transportation distance, and transportation vehicle type corresponding to each transportation task. Among them, the transportation carbon emissions of electric trucks are related to the dynamic electric carbon factor of their charging area during the charging period, and whether to convert them through charging efficiency is determined based on the data collection side of electricity consumption per unit distance traveled.

[0205] The transportation parameters for this application example are shown in Table 1: Table 1. Transportation parameters for different transportation tasks

[0206] The basic parameters of the production process are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Basic parameters of production process

[0207] Other relevant parameter settings are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Product Carbon Footprint Calculation and Related Production Process Parameters

[0208] III. Construction of Dynamic Carbon Factor and Dynamic Efficiency This application example assumes that photovoltaic output is higher during midday, and the dynamic carbon factor decreases accordingly; fossil fuel power output increases during morning and evening peak load periods, and the dynamic carbon factor increases accordingly.

[0209] Following the above method for determining the basic dynamic carbon factor, an hourly dynamic carbon factor sequence was constructed. A 20% green electricity allocation ratio was introduced between 10:00 and 15:00, and a 10% green electricity allocation ratio was introduced between 16:00 and 18:00, resulting in a green electricity-corrected dynamic carbon factor sequence. The dynamic carbon factors before and after green electricity correction are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0210] The dynamic efficiency for electrode drying, cell formation, and final assembly testing processes is determined using the aforementioned dynamic efficiency determination method. Specifically, the load rate correction function takes a higher value when the equipment is close to its economic operating load rate; the temperature correction coefficient decreases when the equipment operating temperature deviates from the preset high-efficiency operating temperature range; equipment aging parameters reflect the efficiency reduction caused by cumulative equipment operation; and the control strategy correction coefficient reflects the efficiency change caused by the control strategy relative to the baseline control strategy. Therefore, the dynamic efficiency of each production process varies with the actual operating status and power consumption period of the corresponding process.

[0211] IV. Setting up four comparison schemes To analyze the impact of dynamic carbon factor, dynamic efficiency, and production and transportation schemes on the product carbon footprint accounting results, the following four comparison schemes were set up, as shown in Table 4: Table 4. Carbon footprint accounting scheme settings for four products

[0212] V. Numerical Simulation Process and Results Numerical simulations of the above four schemes were performed using a simulation program.

[0213] For Option 4, 12% of the transferable process load during the high carbon factor period of 18:00-21:00 will be shifted to the low carbon factor period of 11:00-15:00; each transportation task will be undertaken by diesel trucks, railways, electric trucks charging during the low carbon factor period, and waterway transportation, respectively.

[0214] Option 1 to Option 3 use the same product batch size and lifecycle boundary as Option 4 to avoid incomparability of accounting results due to differences in product batch size or lifecycle boundary.

[0215] The numerical simulation results are shown in Table 5: Table 5 Numerical simulation results of four product carbon footprint accounting schemes

[0216] The results in the table show that the total carbon footprint of Scheme 4 is 8605.48 kgCO2, which is 886.36 kgCO2 less than Scheme 1, a reduction rate of 9.34%; 612.11 kgCO2 less than Scheme 2, a reduction rate of 6.64%; and 832.42 kgCO2 less than Scheme 3, a reduction rate of 8.82%.

[0217] Option 2 has relatively low indirect emissions from electricity because it does not consider energy losses in processes caused by dynamic efficiency, which carries the risk of underestimating actual carbon emissions. Option 3, by incorporating dynamic efficiency, can more accurately reflect the actual operating status of production equipment in terms of indirect emissions from electricity.

[0218] Based on the calculation using dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency, Option 4 reduces carbon emissions during the transportation phase from 1290.00 kgCO2 to 476.58 kgCO2 by adjusting the load of some transferable processes to periods with low carbon factor and by using a combination of diesel trucks, railways, electric trucks and waterways. Ultimately, it achieves the lowest life-cycle carbon footprint among the four options.

[0219] VI. Simulation Implementation Instructions This application example uses a simulation program to sequentially complete the construction of hourly dynamic carbon factors, correction of green electricity allocation ratio, construction of power curves for three types of production processes, load shifting during low-carbon production periods, dynamic efficiency calculation, calculation of indirect electricity emissions for four schemes, calculation of carbon emissions during the transportation phase, summary of the carbon footprint throughout the entire life cycle, comparison of Scheme 4 with other schemes, and generation and output of low-carbon adjustment suggestions.

[0220] Without departing from the core concept of this invention, the type of product to be calculated, the granularity of the life cycle boundary, the time resolution of the dynamic electrocarbon factor, the efficiency correction function, the type of transportation vehicle, the content of candidate solutions and corresponding constraints can all be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0221] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the carbon footprint of a product based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, characterized in that, include: Determine the functional units and lifecycle boundaries of the product to be accounted for, and obtain lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundaries; Determine the target power consumption links within the life cycle boundary, and obtain the power consumption area, power consumption period, effective energy and equipment operation status data for each target power consumption link; Based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, a corresponding dynamic electric carbon factor is matched for each target electricity consumption link; The corresponding equipment baseline efficiency is corrected based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link. Based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy of each target electricity consumption link is determined, and based on the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy of each target electricity consumption link and the effective energy, the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link are determined. Based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage are determined, and the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for is determined based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage.

2. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The life cycle boundary includes the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the transportation stage, the use and maintenance stage, and the recycling stage; The lifecycle activity data includes raw material consumption data in the raw material acquisition stage, direct emission activity data in the production and manufacturing stage, transportation activity data in the transportation stage, use and maintenance activity data in the use and maintenance stage, and recycling activity data in the recycling and processing stage. The data on the recycling activities include the quality of various recycled materials and the replacement ratio of various recycled materials with virgin materials.

3. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of matching a corresponding dynamic carbon dioxide factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link includes: Based on the electricity consumption area and time period of each target electricity consumption link, obtain the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factor, the cross-regional input power and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, the purchased power and the corresponding purchased power benchmark factor, and the actual power consumption on the user side during the corresponding electricity consumption period. The regional power supply carbon emissions of the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period are obtained by adding the product of the power supply of various local power sources and the corresponding power emission factor, the product of the cross-regional input power and the corresponding input dynamic carbon factor, and the product of the purchased power and the corresponding purchased power reference factor. The ratio of the carbon emissions from power supply in the region to the actual electricity consumption on the user side is determined as the basic dynamic carbon factor of the corresponding power-consuming region during the corresponding power-consuming period. Based on whether each target electricity consumption link has a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined according to the basic dynamic carbon factor, and the dynamic carbon factor is matched with the corresponding target electricity consumption link. The power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions, and the purchased power are all statistically analyzed without overlap. The power supply before loss is the sum of the power supply of various local power sources, the power input from various regions, and the purchased power. The difference between the power supply before loss and the power transmission and distribution loss rate of the corresponding power application area during the corresponding power application period is multiplied by the power supply before loss to obtain the actual power consumption on the user side.

4. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each of the target electricity consumption links based on whether each link has a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, according to the basic dynamic carbon factor, includes: When the target electricity consumption link does not have a corresponding traceable green electricity volume during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the basic dynamic electric carbon factor of the corresponding electricity consumption area during the corresponding electricity consumption period is determined as the dynamic electric carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link. When the enterprise to which the target electricity consumption link belongs has traceable green electricity during the corresponding electricity consumption period, the smaller of the ratio of the total amount of traceable green electricity obtained by the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and which can be used for the carbon footprint accounting of this product to the actual total electricity consumption of the enterprise during the corresponding electricity consumption period and 1 is determined as the enterprise's green electricity allocation ratio for the period. Multiply the difference obtained by subtracting the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period from the base dynamic carbon factor, and multiply the green carbon factor by the green electricity allocation ratio of the enterprise's time period. Add the two products together to obtain the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the target electricity consumption link. The green electricity carbon factor is the carbon emission factor corresponding to the traceable green electricity volume; the same traceable green electricity volume is only counted once, and does not include the clean energy power supply volume already counted when determining the basic dynamic electricity carbon factor, or the traceable green electricity volume already used for carbon footprint accounting of other products.

5. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment operating status data includes one or more of the following: load rate, operating temperature, equipment aging parameters, and control strategies. The control strategies include one or more of the following: equipment operating mode, start-stop method, auxiliary equipment linkage method, energy feedback method, and process operation logic. For the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters that are actually acquired and participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the load rate is substituted into a preset load rate correction function to obtain the load rate correction coefficient, the operating temperature is substituted into a preset temperature correction function to obtain the temperature correction coefficient, and the equipment aging parameters are substituted into a preset equipment aging correction function to obtain the equipment aging correction coefficient; for operating status parameters that are not acquired or do not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, their corresponding correction coefficients are set to 1. When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy currently used in the target power consumption link is determined as the target control strategy, and the preset standard operation strategy is determined as the benchmark control strategy. Under the condition that the control strategy is obtained and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, based on the pre-established correspondence between the control strategy and the equipment efficiency, and under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature and equipment aging parameters are taken with the same values, the first equipment efficiency and the second equipment efficiency are obtained. The first device efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the device to the input power when the device is running according to the target control strategy; the second device efficiency is the ratio of the effective energy output by the device to the input power when the device is running according to the baseline control strategy. Under the condition that the control strategy is obtained and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the ratio of the efficiency of the first device to the efficiency of the second device is determined as the control strategy correction coefficient. When the control strategy is not obtained, or the control strategy does not participate in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is set to 1; When the control strategy is acquired and the control strategy participates in dynamic efficiency correction, the control strategy correction coefficient is used to characterize the efficiency change caused by the differences between the target control strategy and the baseline control strategy in terms of equipment operation mode, start-stop mode, auxiliary equipment linkage mode, energy feedback mode, or process operation logic, under the condition that the load rate, operating temperature, and equipment aging parameters are all taken as the same value; the efficiency correction result is obtained by multiplying the equipment baseline efficiency, the load rate correction coefficient, the temperature correction coefficient, the equipment aging correction coefficient, and the control strategy correction coefficient; When the efficiency correction result is lower than the lower limit of the equipment efficiency, the lower limit of the equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency; when the efficiency correction result is higher than the upper limit of the equipment efficiency, the upper limit of the equipment efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency; otherwise, the efficiency correction result is determined as the dynamic efficiency.

6. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for each target electricity consumption link based on the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency of each target electricity consumption link, and determining the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link based on the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy and the effective energy, includes: The ratio of the dynamic carbon factor to the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target electricity consumption link is determined as the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for the corresponding target electricity consumption link. Multiply the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the unit effective energy of each target electricity consumption link by the effective energy of the corresponding target electricity consumption link to obtain the indirect electricity emissions of the corresponding target electricity consumption link; When the target electricity consumption link spans multiple electricity consumption periods, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is determined according to the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each electricity consumption period. The carbon emission intensity corresponding to a unit of effective energy in each electricity consumption period is multiplied by the effective energy of the corresponding electricity consumption period, and the resulting products are added together to obtain the indirect electricity emissions of the target electricity consumption link.

7. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process involves determining the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption segment and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, and determining the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage, including: For each life cycle stage, non-electric activity data are determined from the life cycle activity data corresponding to the corresponding life cycle stage. Each non-electric activity data is multiplied by the corresponding emission factor, and the resulting products are added together to obtain the non-electric emissions for the corresponding life cycle stage. The indirect emissions of electricity from each target electricity consumption segment belonging to the corresponding life cycle stage are added together with the non-electricity emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the carbon emissions of the corresponding life cycle stage; among them, the indirect emissions of electricity belonging to the transportation stage are only counted as carbon emissions of the transportation stage, and the indirect emissions of electricity belonging to the use and maintenance stage are only counted as carbon emissions of the use and maintenance stage. The amount of recycling deduction is determined based on the quality of the recycled materials, the proportion of virgin materials they replace, and the emission factors of the corresponding virgin materials. The carbon emissions at each stage of the life cycle are added together and the recycling deduction is subtracted to obtain the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for.

8. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further includes: When the same series energy transfer path corresponding to the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance phase includes multiple energy conversion links, and the product to be calculated outputs effective electrical energy or completes the preset use function during the subsequent discharge period or use period, the effective electrical energy, the benchmark conversion efficiency of each energy conversion link and the operating status data are obtained. The corresponding baseline conversion efficiency is corrected based on the operating status data of each energy conversion stage to obtain the dynamic conversion efficiency corresponding to each energy conversion stage. Based on the electricity metering records, changes in state of charge, and the dynamic conversion efficiency of each energy conversion stage, an energy correspondence is established between the effective electrical energy output during the subsequent discharge period or usage period and one or more grid input periods or charging periods. For each of the grid input periods or charging periods, the dynamic conversion efficiency of each of the energy conversion links corresponding to the effective electrical energy with which it is established an energy correspondence is multiplied to obtain the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency, and the corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency is determined as the dynamic efficiency of the target power consumption link for the corresponding effective electrical energy. Based on the effective electrical energy and corresponding comprehensive dynamic efficiency corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods, the grid input power corresponding to each of the aforementioned grid input periods or charging periods is determined respectively. Based on the grid input power, actual input or charging area, and dynamic carbon factor corresponding to each grid input or charging period, the corresponding indirect power emissions are determined, and the obtained indirect power emissions are added together to obtain the indirect power emissions of the target power consumption link in the use and maintenance stage; wherein, the dynamic carbon factor is not matched according to the subsequent discharge period or use period.

9. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further includes: Obtain the transportation quality, transportation distance, and transportation vehicle for each transportation task; When the means of transport is a fuel-powered means of transport, the product of the fuel consumption per unit distance traveled by the fuel carbon emission factor is divided by the product of the rated load and the actual load rate of the means of transport to obtain the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the means of transport. When the transportation vehicle is an electric vehicle, the data collection side for the power consumption per unit travel distance of the electric vehicle is determined; when the power consumption per unit travel distance is the power consumption on the vehicle side or the battery side, the product of the power consumption per unit travel distance and the dynamic carbon factor corresponding to the charging area during the charging period is divided by the product of the charging efficiency, rated load, and actual loading rate of the electric vehicle to obtain the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the electric vehicle; when the power consumption per unit travel distance is the input power consumption on the charging pile side or the grid side, the product of the power consumption per unit travel distance and the dynamic carbon factor is divided by the product of the rated load and the actual loading rate to obtain the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the electric vehicle. The carbon emission of each transportation task is obtained by multiplying the transportation quality, transportation distance and carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the corresponding transportation vehicle for each transportation task, and the carbon emission of each transportation task is obtained by adding the carbon emission of each transportation task. The actual loading rate is the ratio of the actual load capacity of the transport vehicle during a single transport to its rated load capacity. When the unit travel distance power consumption of the electric vehicle is the unit travel distance power consumption obtained under the actual loading state of the corresponding transportation task, the product of the unit travel distance power consumption and the dynamic electrocarbon factor is divided to obtain the actual load weight corresponding to the unit travel distance power consumption, thus obtaining the carbon emission intensity per unit turnover of the electric vehicle; wherein, when the unit travel distance power consumption is the vehicle-side or battery-side power consumption, it is also divided by the charging efficiency; when the unit travel distance power consumption is the charging pile-side or grid-side input power consumption, the charging efficiency is no longer used for repeated conversion.

10. The product carbon footprint calculation method based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: After determining the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for, one or more of the following factors are used as candidate scheme variables: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period and transportation mode. Under the conditions of satisfying the constraints of product output, process sequence, equipment capacity, delivery time, transportation timeliness and transportation availability, the dynamic carbon factor, dynamic efficiency and full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to each candidate scheme are determined respectively. Based on the full life cycle carbon footprint of each candidate scheme, a target candidate scheme is determined, and adjustment suggestion information corresponding to the target candidate scheme is generated. The adjustment suggestion information is then output through a display interface, analysis report, or management terminal. The adjustment suggestion information includes one or more of the following: production period, transferable load, equipment operation strategy, green electricity usage ratio, charging period, and transportation mode.

11. A product carbon footprint calculation system based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency, used to implement the product carbon footprint calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The module includes a life cycle boundary and data acquisition module, an electricity consumption data acquisition module, a dynamic electricity carbon factor determination module, a dynamic efficiency determination module, an electricity indirect emission determination module, and a carbon footprint determination module. The lifecycle boundary and data acquisition module is used to determine the functional unit and lifecycle boundary of the product to be accounted for, and to acquire lifecycle activity data corresponding to each lifecycle stage within the lifecycle boundary; The electricity consumption data acquisition module is used to determine the target electricity consumption links within the life cycle boundary, and to acquire the electricity consumption area, electricity consumption period, effective energy and equipment operating status data of each target electricity consumption link; The dynamic carbon factor determination module is used to match a corresponding dynamic carbon factor for each target electricity consumption link based on the electricity consumption area and electricity consumption time period of each target electricity consumption link. The dynamic efficiency determination module is used to correct the corresponding equipment baseline efficiency based on the equipment operating status data of each target power consumption link, so as to obtain the dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link. The indirect power emission determination module is used to determine the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy for each target power consumption link based on the dynamic electric carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each target power consumption link, and to determine the indirect power emission of each target power consumption link based on the carbon emission intensity per unit of effective energy and the effective energy. The carbon footprint determination module is used to determine the carbon emissions of the product to be accounted for at each life cycle stage based on the indirect electricity emissions of each target electricity consumption link and the life cycle activity data corresponding to each life cycle stage, and to determine the full life cycle carbon footprint of the product to be accounted for based on the carbon emissions at each life cycle stage. The life cycle boundary and data acquisition module transmits the life cycle boundary to the electricity consumption data acquisition module and transmits the life cycle activity data to the carbon footprint determination module. The electricity consumption data acquisition module transmits the electricity consumption area and electricity consumption period of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic electric carbon factor determination module, transmits the equipment operation status data of each target electricity consumption link to the dynamic efficiency determination module, and transmits the effective energy of each target electricity consumption link to the electricity indirect emission determination module. The dynamic carbon factor determination module and the dynamic efficiency determination module respectively transmit the dynamic carbon factor and dynamic efficiency corresponding to each of the target electricity consumption links to the electricity indirect emission determination module. The indirect electricity emissions determination module transmits the indirect electricity emissions of each of the target electricity consumption links to the carbon footprint determination module.

12. A product carbon footprint calculation system based on the coupling of electrical carbon and energy efficiency according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes a scheme evaluation and suggestion output module, which is connected to the carbon footprint determination module; the scheme evaluation and suggestion output module is used to implement the product carbon footprint calculation method of claim 10, determine the target candidate scheme according to the full life cycle carbon footprint corresponding to different candidate schemes, generate adjustment suggestion information corresponding to the target candidate scheme, and output the adjustment suggestion information through a display interface, analysis report or management terminal; The proposed adjustments include one or more of the following: production periods, transferable loads, equipment operation strategies, green electricity usage ratio, charging periods, and transportation methods.

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