A method and system for evaluating the performance of an electrical equipment sealing material

Abstract

The application provides a kind of power equipment sealing material performance evaluation method and system, the original design parameter of sealing material in the method in power equipment is obtained, operating condition record and overhaul reference information;In the preset state quantity set, select state quantity for sealing material;Based on state quantity, sealing material is detected using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology, and the detection result of sealing material is obtained;Based on original design parameter, operating condition record, overhaul reference information and detection result, using the evaluation algorithm considering the coupling coefficient of defect grade and environment, the score of sealing material is obtained;Based on score, the service performance evaluation result of sealing material is determined.The application can objectively, accurately and comprehensively evaluate the service performance of sealing material, and provide reliable basis for operation and maintenance of power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment testing technology, and specifically to a method and system for evaluating the performance of sealing materials for power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power transmission systems, converter stations serve as crucial hubs for converting AC to DC power. Their stable operation plays a vital role in ensuring reliable power supply. Converter station equipment operates under harsh conditions, including high voltage, high current, and complex electromagnetic environments. As key components preventing gas and liquid leaks and the intrusion of external impurities, the performance of these seals directly impacts the equipment's reliability, safety, and lifespan. Failure of these seals can lead to serious accidents such as decreased insulation performance, short circuits, and fires, potentially causing widespread power outages and significant economic losses. Therefore, ensuring the optimal performance of converter station equipment seals is a crucial prerequisite for guaranteeing stable power transmission.

[0003] As converter stations operate for longer periods, seals inevitably experience the combined effects of various factors such as temperature, pressure, chemical media, and mechanical vibration, leading to a gradual deterioration in their performance. Post-service performance evaluation of seals allows for timely monitoring of performance changes, providing a scientific basis for equipment maintenance, repair, and seal replacement. This effectively reduces equipment failure risks and improves the stability and reliability of power transmission, holding significant practical importance.

[0004] Currently, there is no unified and systematic method for evaluating the service performance of sealing materials for key equipment in converter stations (substations). Existing evaluation methods mostly rely on manual inspections and simple physical and chemical performance tests, which are highly subjective, lack quantitative standards, and are greatly influenced by the experience of the testing personnel, leading to untimely maintenance or over-maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of current evaluation methods that rely heavily on manual inspections and simple physicochemical performance tests, which are highly subjective, lack quantitative standards, and are greatly influenced by the experience of the testing personnel, leading to untimely maintenance or over-maintenance, this invention provides a method for evaluating the performance of sealing materials for power equipment, including: Obtain the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in power equipment; In a preset set of state variables, state variables are selected for the sealing material; based on the state variables, the sealing material is detected using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection results of the sealing material; Based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment is used to obtain a score for the sealing material. Based on the score, the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material is determined.

[0006] Optionally, the step of obtaining a score for the sealing material based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment, includes: The baseline score is determined based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters. The number of defects in the sealing material, the defect level of each defect, and the defect value are identified in the test results; the weight coefficient of each defect is determined according to the defect level of each defect; and the cumulative impact value of the defects is calculated based on the weight coefficient and the defect value of each defect. The environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site is extracted from the operating condition records; the environmental coupling coefficient characterizes the environmental severity of the service site. Based on the maintenance reference information, determine the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level of the sealing material within a preset cycle; based on the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level, determine the historical maintenance penalty value; The score of the sealing material is determined based on the benchmark score, the cumulative impact value of defects, the environmental coupling coefficient, and the historical maintenance penalty value.

[0007] Optionally, the scoring of the sealing material satisfies the following formula:

[0008] in, This indicates the rating of the sealing material. Let exp() represent the base score, and let exp() represent the natural exponential function. Represents the environmental coupling coefficient. This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. Indicates the number of defects. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty factor. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty value.

[0009] Optionally, if the state quantity includes the post-service compression ratio, then the step of detecting the sealing material based on the state quantity using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material includes: Obtain the groove depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location of the sealing material; The cross-sectional profile of the sealing material after service is scanned to obtain the cross-sectional geometric features; Based on the cross-sectional geometric features and the groove depth and width constraint parameters, the initial wire diameter of the sealing material is calculated using a reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm; Based on the initial wire diameter, calculate the post-service compressibility of the sealing material; The reverse geometry algorithm satisfies the following formula:

[0010] in, Where W is the initial wire diameter, H is the groove width, H is the groove depth, and ΔV is the design allowance. The theoretical area under unconstrained conditions is obtained by projecting the geometric features of the cross section.

[0011] Optionally, if the state parameters include leakage current condition evaluation and volume resistivity testing, then the step of using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to test the sealing material based on the state parameters and obtaining the test results of the sealing material includes: The environmental characteristic factors of the sealing material service site are extracted from the operating condition records. The environmental characteristic factors include leakage current density and insulating medium. In a multi-field coupling test environment, an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density is applied to the sealing material, and the sealing material is immersed in the insulating medium to obtain the volume resistivity change curve and swelling rate change curve of the sealing material in the multi-field coupling test environment.

[0012] Optionally, if the state quantity includes microscopic surface morphology, then the step of detecting the sealing material based on the state quantity using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material includes: The sealing material is scanned across its entire cross section using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy or ultrasonic phased array technology to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal inside the sealing material. Based on the time-domain characteristics of the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal, the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth inside the sealing material are identified. Based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth, a micro-damage feature vector is generated.

[0013] Optionally, determining the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material based on the score includes: Based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, the service status of the sealing material is determined, including severe status and general status. If the service condition of the sealing material is normal, then based on the scoring range in which the score falls, the expected service life and operation and maintenance recommendations of the sealing material are determined as the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material.

[0014] Optionally, determining the service status of the sealing material based on the defect level of each defect in the test results includes: Based on the defect level of each defect in the detection results, the number of first-level defects and the number of second-level defects are determined. If the number of primary defects is less than a first threshold and the number of secondary defects is less than a second threshold, then the sealing material is determined to be in a normal state. If the number of primary defects exceeds the first threshold or the number of secondary defects exceeds the second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a critical condition.

[0015] Optionally, when the power equipment includes a converter transformer, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: main body oil tank connecting flange, disassembly switch, bushing, pressure relief valve, cooler, CT junction box, dehumidifier, bellows, oil flow relay, or gas relay. When the power equipment includes a circuit breaker or GIS switchgear, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: flange mating surface, maintenance manhole, SF6 leakage sensor connection, or partial discharge sensor connection; When the power equipment includes a converter valve cooling device, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: the flange connection between the main water pipes of the valve tower, the union between the T-tube and the bracket in the assembly, the equalizing electrode, or the water nozzle of the branch water pipe; The sealing material includes at least one of the following: nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluorosilicone, acrylate, or fluororubber.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a performance evaluation system for sealing materials of power equipment, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in power equipment. The detection module is used to select state variables for the sealing material from a preset set of state variables; and to detect the sealing material based on the state variables using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material. The scoring module is used to obtain a score for the sealing material based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment. A performance evaluation module is used to determine the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material based on the score.

[0017] Optional, rating module, specifically used for: The baseline score is determined based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters. The number of defects in the sealing material, the defect level of each defect, and the defect value are identified in the test results; the weight coefficient of each defect is determined according to the defect level of each defect; and the cumulative impact value of the defects is calculated based on the weight coefficient and the defect value of each defect. The environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site is extracted from the operating condition records; the environmental coupling coefficient characterizes the environmental severity of the service site. Based on the maintenance reference information, determine the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level of the sealing material within a preset cycle; based on the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level, determine the historical maintenance penalty value; The rating of the sealing material is determined based on the benchmark score, the cumulative impact value of defects, the environmental coupling coefficient, and the historical maintenance penalty value.

[0018] Optionally, the score of the sealing material satisfies the following formula:

[0019] in, This indicates the rating of the sealing material. Let exp() represent the base score, and let exp() represent the natural exponential function. Represents the environmental coupling coefficient. This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. Indicates the number of defects. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty factor. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty value.

[0020] Optionally, if the state quantity includes the post-service compression ratio, then the detection module is specifically used for: Obtain the groove depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location of the sealing material; The cross-sectional profile of the sealing material after service is scanned to obtain the cross-sectional geometric features; Based on the cross-sectional geometric features and the groove depth and width constraint parameters, the initial wire diameter of the sealing material is calculated using a reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm; Based on the initial wire diameter, calculate the post-service compressibility of the sealing material; The reverse geometry algorithm satisfies the following formula:

[0021] in, Where W is the initial wire diameter, H is the groove width, H is the groove depth, and ΔV is the design allowance. The theoretical area under unconstrained conditions is obtained by projecting the geometric features of the cross section.

[0022] Optionally, if the state parameters include leakage current condition evaluation and volume resistivity testing, then the detection module is specifically used for: The environmental characteristic factors of the sealing material service site are extracted from the operating condition records. The environmental characteristic factors include leakage current density and insulating medium. In a multi-field coupling test environment, an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density is applied to the sealing material, and the sealing material is immersed in the insulating medium to obtain the volume resistivity change curve and swelling rate change curve of the sealing material in the multi-field coupling test environment.

[0023] Optionally, if the state quantity includes microscopic surface morphology, then the detection module is specifically used for: The sealing material is scanned across its entire cross section using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy or ultrasonic phased array technology to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal inside the sealing material. Based on the time-domain characteristics of the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal, the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth inside the sealing material are identified. Based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth, a micro-damage feature vector is generated.

[0024] Optionally, the performance evaluation module is specifically used for: Based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, the service status of the sealing material is determined, including severe status and general status. If the service condition of the sealing material is normal, then based on the scoring range in which the score falls, the expected service life and operation and maintenance recommendations of the sealing material are determined as the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material.

[0025] Optionally, determining the service status of the sealing material based on the defect level of each defect in the test results includes: Based on the defect level of each defect in the detection results, the number of first-level defects and the number of second-level defects are determined. If the number of primary defects is less than a first threshold and the number of secondary defects is less than a second threshold, then the sealing material is determined to be in a normal state. If the number of primary defects exceeds the first threshold or the number of secondary defects exceeds the second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a critical condition.

[0026] Optionally, when the power equipment includes a converter transformer, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: main body oil tank connecting flange, disassembly switch, bushing, pressure relief valve, cooler, CT junction box, dehumidifier, bellows, oil flow relay, or gas relay. When the power equipment includes a circuit breaker or GIS switchgear, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: flange mating surface, maintenance manhole, SF6 leakage sensor connection, or partial discharge sensor connection; When the power equipment includes a converter valve cooling device, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: the flange connection between the main water pipes of the valve tower, the union between the T-tube and the bracket in the assembly, the equalizing electrode, or the water nozzle of the branch water pipe; The sealing material includes at least one of the following: nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluorosilicone, acrylate, or fluororubber.

[0027] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer device, characterized in that it includes: one or more processors; The processor is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the power equipment sealing material performance evaluation method described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed, implements the power equipment sealing material performance evaluation method described in any one of the above.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and system for evaluating the performance of sealing materials in power equipment. The method involves acquiring the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in the power equipment; selecting state variables for the sealing materials from a preset set of state variables; using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to detect the sealing materials based on the state variables, obtaining the detection results; and using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment to obtain a score for the sealing materials based on the original design parameters, operating condition records, maintenance reference information, and detection results; and determining the service performance evaluation result of the sealing materials based on the score. This invention considers the entire life cycle information of the sealing materials and combines physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology and an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment to quantitatively score the service status of the sealing materials. This allows for an objective, accurate, and comprehensive evaluation of the service performance of the sealing materials, providing a reliable basis for the operation and maintenance of power equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the performance evaluation method for sealing materials in power equipment according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the appearance inspection results of the seal of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the inspection results of the microstructure of the sealing surface of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the inspection results of the microstructure of the sealing surface of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power equipment sealing material performance evaluation system architecture of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1: This invention provides a method and procedure for evaluating the service performance of sealing materials for power equipment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Step 101: Obtain the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in the power equipment; Step 102: Select state variables for the sealing material from the preset set of state variables; based on the state variables, use physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to detect the sealing material and obtain the detection results of the sealing material; Step 103: Based on the original design parameters, operating condition records, maintenance reference information and test results, the rating of the sealing material is obtained using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment. Step 104: Based on the score, determine the service performance evaluation results of the sealing material.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention take into account the full life cycle information of sealing materials, and combine physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology and evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment to quantitatively score the service status of sealing materials. This allows for an objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of the service performance of sealing materials, providing a reliable basis for the operation and maintenance of power equipment.

[0034] As the primary evaluation object, sealing materials may be located in unsealed positions in different power equipment. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention proposes the sealing locations and corresponding sealing materials to be evaluated in key equipment of converter stations (substations). Referring to the evaluation objects in Table 1, when the power equipment includes a converter transformer, the sealing material is located in at least one of the following sealing locations: main tank connecting flange, disassembly switch, bushing, pressure relief valve, cooler, CT (Current Transformer) junction box, dehumidifier, bellows, oil flow relay, or gas relay; when the power equipment includes a circuit breaker or GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear) combined electrical appliance, the sealing material is located in at least one of the following sealing locations: flange mating surface, maintenance manhole, SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) leakage sensor connection, or partial discharge sensor connection; when the power equipment includes converter valve cooling equipment, the sealing material is located in at least one of the following sealing locations: flange connection between main water pipes of the valve tower, union between T-tube and bracket within the assembly, equalizing electrode, or branch water pipe nozzle. The sealing material includes at least one of the following: nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluorosilicone, acrylate, or fluororubber.

[0035] Table 1

[0036] In evaluating sealing materials in this embodiment of the invention, comprehensive information related to the entire lifecycle of the sealing material was collected to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the evaluation criteria. Specifically, the lifecycle-related information includes, but is not limited to: original design parameters, operating condition records, maintenance reference information, and test results.

[0037] Original design parameters include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: nameplate parameters, material type, structural form, type test report, ordering technical agreement, equipment manufacturing supervision report, factory test report, transportation and installation records, handover and acceptance report, etc.

[0038] Operating condition records include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: operating condition record information, historical defect and anomaly records, inspection status, uninterrupted power testing records, environmental information of the service site (which can be characterized by environmental coupling coefficient and environmental characteristic factors), and trench depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location.

[0039] Maintenance reference information includes maintenance information and / or other reference information. Maintenance information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: maintenance reports (including the number of maintenances and the severity level of maintenance), routine test reports, diagnostic test reports, historical defects, fault handling records, etc. Other reference information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: operation, maintenance and testing, defects and faults of similar equipment, implementation of relevant countermeasures, etc.

[0040] The test results include relevant test data of the sealing material samples, whether undisassembled or disassembled, such as, but not limited to, at least one of the following: sealing material samples and their collection records, appearance descriptions, dimensional measurement data, physicochemical performance test reports, aging degree assessment results, etc.

[0041] To ensure both comprehensiveness and relevance in the evaluation, this embodiment of the invention also proposes a preset set of state quantities. This set includes four core evaluation categories, each of which may contain mandatory and optional state quantities. It is understood that this embodiment does not limit whether the mandatory and optional state quantities are consistent or different for different sealing materials. In step 102 above, selecting state quantities for the sealing material can involve choosing mandatory state quantities or selecting optional state quantities based on the current performance requirements of the sealing material and their impact on safe operation. Furthermore, in another possible implementation, based on the degree of impact on material performance and safe operation, state quantities can be divided into general state quantities and important state quantities. The requirements for detection methods and the proportion (rigor) of detection results for important state quantities can be higher than those for general state quantities.

[0042] The four core assessment categories include seal information archiving, conventional mechanical properties, seal material characterization, and weather resistance. Seal information archiving includes at least one of the following parameters: seal material, design compressibility, seal dimensional tolerances, and material factory properties; all optional parameters are mandatory. Conventional mechanical properties include at least one of the following parameters: seal appearance, service compression set, Shore A hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, microscopic surface morphology, and post-service compressibility; all optional parameters are mandatory. Seal material characterization includes at least one of the following parameters: seal surface roughness (Ra), seal scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, and crosslinking density; seal surface roughness (Ra) is mandatory, while SEM observation and crosslinking density are optional. Weather resistance performance includes at least one of the following state quantities: evaluation of low temperature operating conditions at the service site and glass transition temperature Tg in cold climate, evaluation of component leakage current operating conditions and volume resistivity test, evaluation of ultraviolet operating conditions at the service site and high-altitude strong ultraviolet aging test, evaluation of damp heat operating conditions at the service site and temperature and humidity alternation test, etc. All of these state quantities are optional state quantities.

[0043] When testing the sealing material using the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology in step 102 above, the corresponding testing equipment and methods can be used according to the national standards, industry standards and relevant technical specifications corresponding to at least one selected state quantity. The test results include the degree of deterioration of the selected state quantity, whether it belongs to a defect, the defect level and the defect value (which can be represented by a deduction value).

[0044] In one implementation, if the state variables include the post-service compression ratio and the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology includes a reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm, then step 102 above, which involves detecting the sealing material based on the state variables using the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material, may include the following steps: Obtain the groove depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location of the sealing material; The cross-sectional profile of the sealing material after service is scanned to obtain the cross-sectional geometric features; Based on the cross-sectional geometric features and the constraint parameters of groove depth and width, the initial wire diameter of the sealing material is calculated using the inverse geometric reconstruction algorithm; Calculate the post-service compression ratio of the sealing material based on the initial wire diameter.

[0045] In one example, when obtaining the groove depth and width constraint parameters for the sealing material installation location, an industrial CT scan of the sealing installation cavity can be used. Twelve (for example only) evenly distributed measurement points are selected on a section perpendicular to the groove axis. The depth parameter H is taken as the minimum depth measurement value at each point (ensuring effective constraint at the shallowest point), and the width parameter W is taken as the arithmetic mean of the distances between the parallel segments on both sides of the groove bottom surface, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.01 mm. The obtained depth parameter H and width parameter W can be used as the groove depth and width constraint parameters for the installation location, respectively. Additionally, a design margin ΔV = 0.08W × H (0.8 is for example only; the actual value can be determined according to relevant standards) can be recorded to compensate for the groove chamfer space.

[0046] In one example, when scanning the cross-sectional profile after service, a confocal laser microscopy system can be used to acquire the profile along the circumference of the seal at 0.1 mm increments, covering the entire visible area within the trench. For instance, by setting the laser wavelength to 405 nm and the depth of field to 0.3 mm, each cross-section is scanned five times, and then the median is filtered to eliminate point cloud noise caused by surface oil contamination. The resulting two-dimensional profile point set containing coordinates is then output as the cross-sectional geometric feature.

[0047] In one example, the equations of the reverse geometry reconstruction algorithm satisfy the following formula:

[0048] in, Where W is the initial wire diameter, H is the groove width, H is the groove depth, and ΔV is the design allowance. The theoretical area under unconstrained conditions is obtained by projecting the cross-sectional geometric features. Specifically, the area of ​​the closed region can be calculated by projecting the cross-sectional geometric features (contour point cloud coordinates) along the normal of the trench sidewall to the free boundary. This gives the theoretical area of ​​the cross-section under unconstrained conditions after the sealing material has been in service.

[0049] For example, based on cross-sectional geometric features, trench depth and width constraints, the least squares method can be used to iteratively solve the inverse geometry reconstruction algorithm to obtain the initial wire diameter. Specifically, the initial wire diameter can be initialized based on the nominal wire diameter, and then the least squares method can be used iteratively to calculate the correction amount in the k-th iteration. : ,in This represents the theoretical area at the k-th iteration. This represents the initial wire diameter at the k-th iteration. If the iteration termination condition is met at the k-th iteration (no restriction is imposed here), then... The initial wire diameter obtained through iterative solution is denoted as... In this example, reverse reconstruction can eliminate installation deviation interference, ensuring that the post-service compression ratio calculated subsequently can truly reflect the permanent deformation caused by stress relaxation of the sealing material, and avoiding the limitation of relying on factory parameters to obtain the initial wire diameter in traditional technologies.

[0050] In one example, when calculating the post-service compressibility of a sealing material based on its initial wire diameter, the current effective wire diameter can be calculated based on the initial wire diameter. S1 is the cross-sectional area directly enclosed by the cross-sectional geometric features (profile point cloud coordinates). The post-service compressibility of the sealing material is then determined based on the ratio of the two. This process transforms the post-service compressibility from traditional empirical estimation to precise reconstruction based on physical boundaries, ensuring that the calculated post-service compressibility can characterize the true degradation state of the sealing material.

[0051] In another example, the reverse geometry reconstruction algorithm satisfies the following formula:

[0052] in, The initial wire diameter for the sealing assembly; This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing assembly after service. The compressibility of the sealing assembly after service can be calculated using the following formula:

[0053] in, The diameter of the seal ring in its free state; This refers to the cross-sectional diameter of the sealing ring in its free state after service. This represents the trench depth.

[0054] Optionally, point cloud data with groove contact angles exceeding a set angle can be excluded during the entire calculation process of this implementation to avoid contour distortion interference caused by sidewall friction.

[0055] Currently, the detection of sealing material degradation under complex electrochemical environments still faces the following challenges: Traditional volume resistivity testing is only performed under a single electric field or chemical medium, which cannot reflect the electrochemical corrosion and swelling coupling failure mechanism caused by the synergistic effect of leakage current and insulating medium. To address this issue, one approach is to, if the state variables include leakage current condition evaluation and volume resistivity testing, and the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology includes coupling response detection through simulating a real environment of strong electric field and chemical medium, then step 102 above, based on the state variables and utilizing physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to detect the sealing material, can include the following steps when obtaining the detection results: Environmental characteristic factors of the sealing material service site are extracted from the operating condition records. These environmental characteristic factors include leakage current density and insulation medium. In a multi-field coupling test environment, an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density is applied to the sealing material, and the sealing material is immersed in an insulating medium. The volume resistivity and swelling rate curves of the sealing material under this environment are obtained. This implementation maps the dynamic leakage current density under operating conditions to an equivalent test electric field strength and simultaneously tracks the volume expansion effect induced by the penetration of the insulating medium, ensuring that the test results are directly correlated with the synergistic degradation mechanism of electrochemical corrosion and swelling.

[0056] In one example, when extracting leakage current density, valid leakage current data can be filtered from the operating condition records (excluding transient interference data such as lightning strikes). Based on the valid leakage current data, the root mean square value of the leakage current at the sealing material contact surface is calculated. Combined with the effective conductive area of ​​the sealing cross-section, the leakage current density is calculated. When extracting the insulating medium, the type of insulating medium can be determined based on the site maintenance logs, and information such as medium temperature and moisture content can also be obtained simultaneously.

[0057] In one example, in the multi-field coupling test environment described above, when applying an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density to the sealing material and immersing the sealing material in an insulating medium to obtain the volume resistivity change curve and swelling rate change curve of the sealing material under the multi-field coupling test environment, a dual-electrode test chamber can be used. An insulating medium from the same batch as that used at the service site can be injected, a DC electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density can be applied, and the volume resistivity can be collected at set intervals (e.g., every 30 minutes) during the test. Simultaneously, the thickness change of the sealing material (sample) can be monitored using a laser displacement sensor, and the swelling rate can be calculated. The volume resistivity change rate curve can be obtained according to... The formula is fitted, where This is the curve showing the change rate of volume resistivity. The initial volume resistivity, The conductivity degradation coefficient, Let t represent the leakage current density and t represent time. The swelling ratio change curve can be obtained by fitting the Fickian diffusion model. In this example, by dynamically mapping the electric field and intensity through the leakage current density, the relationship between the volume resistivity change curve and actual service data can be accurately reflected, thereby more accurately characterizing the degradation mechanism and possessing swelling conductivity coupling detection capability. The obtained swelling ratio change curve can accurately identify the medium penetration depth, making it easier to detect early failures.

[0058] In another implementation, if the state variables include resistivity testing and the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology includes high-precision insulation resistance testing, then step 102 above, based on the state variables and utilizing physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to test the sealing material, may include the following steps: To accurately capture the changing characteristics of the surface resistivity of the sealing material and avoid data deviations caused by a single measurement point or insufficient instrument accuracy, this test uses a high-precision insulation resistance tester to measure the surface resistance at three effective points on the same sealing material, ensuring data coverage and representativeness. The surface resistivity obtained during the test satisfies the following formula:

[0059] Where R is the surface resistance; d is the resistance measurement spacing, and d is 10 mm in the measurement process control; The equivalent width is calculated from the contact area between the probe and the seal, for example... It is approximately 0.177 mm.

[0060] For low-resistivity sealing materials (less than 2 GΩ), such as the high YYC_1 (where the sealing material is located) of the gas oil flow relay pole 2, the low resistivity ensures the functionality of the sealing material and guarantees its reliability if it is used in applications requiring a certain level of conductivity. However, if the application requires high insulation, the low resistivity may introduce leakage risks, affecting the reliability of the sealing material. Furthermore, different parts of the sealing material experience varying degrees of wear and corrosion, altering their surface electrical properties and leading to differences in resistance.

[0061] Traditional visual inspections cannot detect hidden aging problems (such as internal blistering and microcracks) within sealing materials. Therefore, this invention proposes a method to detect internal hidden problems in advance without damaging the sealing material. In one implementation, if the state quantity includes microscopic surface morphology and the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology includes non-destructive feature extraction technology for microscopic damage, then step 102 above, which uses the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to detect the sealing material based on the state quantity, can include the following steps: Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy or ultrasonic phased array technology is used to perform a full-section scan of the sealing material to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal inside the sealing material. Based on the time-domain characteristics of terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal, the distribution density of micropores and the propagation depth of microcracks inside the sealing material can be identified. Microscopic damage feature vectors are generated based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth.

[0062] In one example, when using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to perform a full-section scan of a sealing material, the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system can emit pulsed terahertz waves with a frequency range of 0.1 THz to 3 THz (this range is only for example). After penetrating the sealing material, the transmitted or reflected signals are received by a detector to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum. When using ultrasonic phased array technology to perform a full-section scan of a sealing material, the ultrasonic phased array system can emit focused ultrasonic beams through multi-element probes to scan the sealing material point by point in the 0.5 MHz to 10 MHz frequency band, acquiring ultrasonic echo signals at each location.

[0063] In one example, the time-domain characteristics of the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal include signal attenuation amplitude, propagation time delay, and waveform distortion. Using a preset inversion algorithm, the spatial distribution density of micropores inside the sealing material and the propagation depth of microcracks along the material thickness direction can be identified. For example, the micropore distribution density can be determined by the number of regions with signal scattering intensity exceeding the threshold per unit volume, and the microcrack propagation depth can be calculated based on the time offset of the interface reflection peak in the echo signal.

[0064] In one example, when generating a micro-damage feature vector based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth, the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth can be used as components to construct a 2-dimensional micro-damage feature vector to characterize the physical degradation state of the sealing material.

[0065] This embodiment is based on the physical mechanism of internal microstructure deterioration caused by thermal coupling or chemical erosion of sealing materials during service. It uses non-contact or high-resolution ultrasonic methods to achieve quantitative characterization of micro-defects, which can effectively improve the accuracy of sealing performance degradation assessment and early warning capability, and avoid safety accidents caused by sudden sealing failure.

[0066] In another implementation, if the state quantity includes microscopic surface morphology and the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology includes the detection method of high-precision surface analysis equipment using white light interferometer, then step 102 above, based on the state quantity and using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to detect the sealing material and obtain the detection results of the sealing material, may include the following steps: accurately characterizing the microscopic morphological characteristics of the key sealing surface of the sealing component, evaluating the microscopic surface roughness detection of the contact area of ​​the sealing component after service using high-precision surface analysis equipment using white light interferometer, and selecting representative detection points during the detection process, referring to relevant surface roughness measurement standards and specifications, and acquiring surface roughness parameters and three-dimensional microscopic morphology images. Through analysis of the detection data, the influence of the microstructural state of the sealing component surface on the sealing performance is evaluated.

[0067] In one implementation, if the state quantity includes appearance inspection and the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology includes visual inspection combined with magnifying glass-assisted inspection, then step 102 above, based on the state quantity, utilizes the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to inspect the sealing material and obtain the inspection results, may include the following steps: To ensure inspection accuracy, the inspection environment is strictly set to natural lighting conditions, and the ambient brightness is not less than 500 LUX (lux) to avoid missed defects due to insufficient lighting; the inspection focuses on the surface integrity of the seal, observing whether there are typical appearance defects such as cracks, breaks, missing adhesive, and dents. For suspected defect areas found during the inspection, a 2x magnifying glass is used for detailed auxiliary observation and confirmation, recording the defect location, shape, size, and distribution characteristics to provide detailed appearance quality data support for subsequent performance evaluation. The process of inspecting the appearance of the seals in this implementation method can refer to the requirements of the national recommended standard GB / T3452.2-2007 "O-rings for hydraulic and pneumatic applications - Part 2: Inspection specifications for appearance quality" to achieve standardized macroscopic visual inspection of the seals.

[0068] In one implementation, if the state variables include the number of dimensional parameters and deformation analysis, and the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology includes high-precision measuring instrument detection, then step 102 above, based on the state variables and using the physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to detect the sealing material and obtain the detection results, may include the following steps: using a high-precision measuring instrument to measure the key dimensions of the sealing material, and judging the performance status of the seal after service based on the measured data. Specifically, the measured key dimensions may include two types of key measured dimensions that have a core impact on the sealing performance after the sealing material has been in service: the inner diameter and the wire diameter, providing data support for subsequent compression ratio calculation and seal reliability assessment.

[0069] Furthermore, this implementation method can be combined with the aforementioned reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm. Since the initial dimensions of the sealing material are lacking, to assess the change in seal compression ratio, the national standards GB / T 3452.1-2005 and GB / T 7759.1-2015 can be referenced, using the initial and post-service diameters of the sealing material as the calculation basis. The initial diameter of the sealing material is calculated using the aforementioned cross-sectional scanning combined with the reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm. First, high-precision optical scanning or microscopic imaging technology is used to obtain a complete cross-sectional image of the unused sealing material, ensuring that the cross-section is free from deformation and damage. Based on the scanned image, the initial cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing material is extracted, assuming that the cross-section of the unused sealing material is a standard circle (meeting the morphological requirements for qualified products in GB / T3452.1-2005). Finally, based on the circular cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing material, the initial diameter is calculated using the reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm, and then the post-service compression ratio of the sealing material is calculated.

[0070] In one implementation, if the state quantity includes Shore hardness (A) analysis, and the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology includes a multi-point sampling detection method, then step 102 above, based on the state quantity, utilizes the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to test the sealing material and obtain the test results of the sealing material, may include the following steps: To ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the test data, the Shore hardness (A) test in this implementation adopts a multi-point sampling method: For each test sample, three (for example only) non-overlapping test points are randomly selected within its effective working area (avoiding sample edges, defects, and wrinkled areas). The test is completed using a standard Shore hardness tester (Type A) according to the specification "Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Vulcanized Rubber or Thermoplastic Rubber Part 1: Shore Hardness Tester Method (Shore Hardness)" (GB / T531.1-2008). Finally, the arithmetic mean of the three test points is taken as the Shore hardness (A) result of the sample.

[0071] In one implementation, if the state variables include tensile strength and elongation at break analysis, and the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology includes the tensile testing method using an electronic universal testing machine, then step 102 above, based on the state variables and utilizing the physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to test the sealing material and obtain the test results, may include the following steps: the tensile strength test is performed using an electronic universal testing machine, and the load-displacement curve is recorded in real time during the test. The tensile strength is calculated by the ratio of the maximum load at the time of specimen fracture to the initial effective cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen, thus obtaining the evaluation test process and the test results of tensile strength and elongation at break.

[0072] In one implementation, if the state quantity includes the glass transition temperature (Tg), then in step 102 above, when testing the sealing material based on the state quantity using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to obtain the test results, the following steps may be included: evaluating the glass transition temperature of the sealing material after service to obtain the corresponding test results. Furthermore, evaluation tests on different sealing materials show significant differences in the glass transition temperature characteristics of different series and types of seals, reflecting differences in the ability of different seals to adapt to low-temperature environments.

[0073] The aforementioned physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology is used to detect sealing components under different state conditions, directly obtaining the degree of degradation of the sealing components under different state conditions. Based on the different ranges of degradation degree, the defect level and deduction value can be determined for different states. For example, defect levels are divided into Level I defects (serious defects), Level II defects (important defects), and Level III defects (general defects), with different deduction values ​​corresponding to different defect levels, and the initial score for each level is 100 points. For example: Seal material: No points will be deducted if the material meets the working conditions; otherwise, 100 points will be deducted (considered a Class I defect). Design compression rate: No points are deducted if the compression rate is between 12-26%; 50 points are deducted if the compression rate is between 6-12% or 26-32% (considered as a Level II defect); and 100 points are deducted for other ranges (Level I defect). Sealing surface roughness (Ra): Under oil medium, Ra < 4μm no points deducted, [4μm, 8μm) deducts 50 points, Ra ≥ 8μm deducts 100 points (Class II defect); Under gas medium, Ra < 3μm no points deducted, [3μm, 6μm) deducts 50 points, Ra ≥ 6μm deducts 100 points (Class II defect). Considering that Class I defects (serious defects) and Class II defects (important defects) have a significant impact on the service condition of the sealing assembly, in one example, the state quantities of Class I defects (serious defects) and Class II defects (important defects) can be used as defect state quantities. By counting the number of all defect state quantities, the number of defects can be obtained.

[0074] In addition, in some implementation methods, the following principles can be followed during the evaluation process: multiple state variables evaluating the same defect will not result in repeated deductions, only the maximum value will be counted; if a state variable cannot be obtained, no points will be deducted by default; when a change in a state variable is caused by a defect in the main equipment or a deterioration in the operating conditions, it will be evaluated in a timely manner, otherwise no points will be deducted by default.

[0075] In one implementation, step 103 may include the following steps: The baseline score is determined based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters; The number of defects in the sealing material, the defect level of each defect, and the defect value are identified from the test results; the weight coefficient of each defect is determined according to the defect level; and the cumulative impact value of the defects is calculated based on the weight coefficient and defect value of each defect. Extract the environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site from the operating condition records; the environmental coupling coefficient characterizes the environmental severity of the service site. Based on maintenance reference information, determine the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level of the sealing material within a preset cycle; based on the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level, determine the historical maintenance penalty value; The rating of the sealing material is determined based on the baseline score, cumulative defect impact value, environmental coupling coefficient, and historical maintenance penalty value.

[0076] In one example, when determining the baseline score based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters, the baseline score can be obtained by looking up a table based on the material type (such as fluororubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, or metal C-ring) and structural form (such as O-ring, lip seal, or metal gasket) in the original design parameters. For example, the baseline score ranges from 80 to 100 points, corresponding to the inherent durability level of the material.

[0077] In one example, when determining the weighting coefficients for each defect based on its defect level, the weighting coefficients can be set according to the state variables corresponding to each defect and the different defect levels. For instance, assuming the test results include n defects, the weighting coefficients determined for each defect based on its corresponding state variables (importance) and defect level would include: seal material 10%, design compression ratio 10%, seal dimensional deviation 6%, material factory performance 3%, seal appearance 10%, service compression set 10%, Shore A hardness 6%, tensile strength 3%, elongation at break 6%, post-service compression ratio 6%, seal surface roughness (Ra) 6%, seal scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation 3%, crosslinking density 3%, and each state variable related to weathering performance 6%. In this example, there are no restrictions on the specific algorithm used to determine the weighting coefficients for each defect.

[0078] Based on this, the cumulative impact value of defects can satisfy the formula. ,in This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. This indicates the number of defects, and the cumulative impact of these defects can reflect the total amount of current microscopic damage.

[0079] In one example, when extracting the environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site from the operating condition record, the temperature fluctuation amplitude, the medium corrosion index, and the root mean square of vibration acceleration can be extracted from the operating condition record according to the formula. Calculate the environmental coupling coefficient ,in C can be the maximum temperature fluctuation range during the service life of the sealing material, and C can be the corrosivity index of the medium. The root mean square of the vibration acceleration. Environmental coupling coefficient. It can characterize the accelerating effect of environmental severity on material degradation, adapt to different working conditions, and improve generalization ability.

[0080] In one example, historical maintenance penalty value The following formula can be satisfied: Where m represents the number of repairs. The severity level of the j-th repair (e.g., including Level 1 cleaning and tightening, Level 2 partial repair and Level 3 complete replacement). The weight corresponding to the j-th repair (the number of repairs is proportional to the repair weight, and the sum of the weights corresponding to m repairs is 1) can reflect the cumulative negative impact of repair frequency and depth.

[0081] In one example, the rating of the sealing material satisfies the following formula:

[0082] in, This indicates the rating of the sealing material. Let exp() represent the base score, and let exp() represent the natural exponential function. Represents the environmental coupling coefficient. This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. Indicates the number of defects. This represents the historical maintenance penalty factor, which can be adjusted according to the material type. For example, sealing materials with higher reliability correspond to a smaller historical maintenance penalty factor to suppress excessive penalties. This can effectively distinguish the difference in impact between preventative maintenance and post-failure repair. This represents the historical maintenance penalty value. This example considers the multi-factor coupling of seal failure, such as the original design parameters as the baseline, defect accumulation dominating the immediate degradation rate, environmental stress providing an external accelerating factor, and historical maintenance behavior reflecting the depletion of remaining life due to human intervention. Furthermore, an exponential decay term is introduced to characterize the nonlinear cumulative effect of defects, and a linear penalty term reflects irreversible damage from maintenance. These two factors work together to improve the score's sensitivity to early degradation, thereby increasing the accuracy of predictive maintenance and reducing the probability of unplanned downtime.

[0083] In one implementation, step 104 may include the following steps: Based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, the service status of the sealing material is determined, including severe status and general status. If the service condition of the sealing material is normal, the expected service life and operation and maintenance recommendations for the sealing material are determined based on the score range in which the score falls, and these are used as the service performance evaluation results of the sealing material.

[0084] In this implementation, if the service condition of the sealing material is normal, it indicates that the sealing material still has a considerable service life, which can be further judged in conjunction with the score obtained in step 103.

[0085] In one example, if the service condition of the sealing material is critical, it indicates that the sealing performance of the sealing material has been severely compromised. To ensure the safe operation of the power equipment, a power outage for maintenance and replacement of the corresponding product should be arranged as soon as possible. To further improve the immediacy of the response, in this embodiment of the invention, the detection and judgment can be performed simultaneously during the detection process in step 102. If a critical condition is detected, no further testing of other state quantities is required.

[0086] For example, the above-mentioned determination of the service status of the sealing material based on the defect level of each defect in the test results includes: determining the number of Level 1 defects and the number of Level 2 defects based on the defect level of each defect in the test results; if the number of Level 1 defects is less than a first threshold and the number of Level 2 defects is less than a second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a normal state; if the number of Level 1 defects exceeds the first threshold or the number of Level 2 defects exceeds the second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a severe state. For example, a severe state refers to a Level 1 defect count ≥ 1 or a Level 2 defect count ≥ 3, and a normal state refers to a Level 1 defect count < 1 and a Level 2 defect count < 3.

[0087] In one example, the service performance assessment results may include the expected service life and a corresponding code value to indicate operation and maintenance recommendations, providing clear guidance for operation and maintenance. For example, as shown in Table 2 below, if the score is above 90, a green code is assigned, and the seal can continue to serve for more than 5 years under the same operating conditions; if the score is in the range of 75-90, a blue code is assigned, and the seal can continue to serve for more than 3 years under the same operating conditions; if the score is in the range of 60-75, a yellow code is assigned, and replacement is recommended; if the score is below 60, a red code is assigned, and immediate replacement is required.

[0088] Table 2

[0089] In addition, the evaluation method of this invention may also include periodic evaluation and non-periodic evaluation: periodic evaluation shall be conducted at least once a year to formulate the condition-based maintenance plan for the following year; non-periodic evaluation includes maintenance evaluation, defect evaluation, adverse operating condition evaluation, and hidden danger evaluation. Maintenance evaluation and defect evaluation should be completed within one week, critical defects should be dealt with immediately, and hidden danger evaluation should be completed within one month, as shown in Table 3.

[0090] Table 3

[0091] The present invention will be described below with a specific embodiment. First, the performance status of the sealing components of the converter transformer and valve cooling equipment of the State Grid ±800kV Guanggu substation after service is taken as the core research object. A total of 9 sealing material samples are involved, including 5 nitrile rubber O-rings, 2 EPDM rubber O-rings, and 2 EPDM rubber gaskets. These are applied to key equipment parts such as gas oil flow relays, equalizing electrodes, and valve tower water cooling. The original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of each sealing material sample are obtained.

[0092] Secondly, in order to systematically determine the reliability of this batch of seals during their service life and guide subsequent operation and maintenance decisions, the performance analysis and evaluation of these seals was conducted with reference to relevant national, industry and enterprise standards and specifications. The tests included appearance inspection, dimensional parameter measurement and deformation analysis, Shore hardness (A), tensile strength after service, elongation at break after service, glass transition temperature (Tg), microscopic surface morphology and resistivity. The specific testing process is described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0093] In this embodiment, the results of the seal appearance inspection are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Table 4, the number of dimensional parameters and the results of deformation analysis are examined.

[0094] Table 4

[0095] The results of the Shore hardness (A) analysis are shown in Table 5.

[0096] Table 5

[0097] The results of the tensile strength and elongation at break analysis are shown in Table 6.

[0098] Table 6

[0099] The results of the glass transition temperature (Tg) test are shown in Table 7.

[0100] Table 7

[0101] The inspection results of the microstructure of the seal surface are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0102] The results of the resistivity test are shown in Table 8.

[0103] Table 8

[0104] Based on the above inspection results, the evaluation results of this batch of sealing material samples are shown in Table 9.

[0105] Table 9

[0106] Based on this seal performance evaluation, statistical analysis was conducted on the scoring data of a total of 9 disassembled seals. The results are as follows: 1. Among the 9 seal samples, 5 seals scored less than 60 points, accounting for approximately 55.6%, which is a relatively high proportion. This indicates that the current equipment as a whole has a risk of seal failure and is prone to malfunctions such as seal failure and media leakage. 2. It is recommended that the corresponding equipment be inspected during the annual inspection, and that the seals in the corresponding operating areas be replaced or repaired.

[0107] In addition to the overall performance evaluation results described above, embodiments of the present invention can also provide targeted evaluation results for different sealing components: For the nitrile rubber O-rings of the gas oil flow relay pole 2 high five parts, the sealing parts have a high proportion of serious appearance defects (Class A defects) and insufficient tensile strength (reduced resistance to deformation), which seriously affect the reliability of the sealing parts. Based on the consideration of sealing integrity and structural safety, it is recommended that parts under the same working conditions be replaced as soon as possible during the annual inspection.

[0108] Regarding the two EPDM rubber O-rings for the equalizing electrode YYA-A 4-1: Based on the compression deformation results, the deformation of the O-rings is within the allowable range, and they are suitable for continued service. Therefore, the seals can continue to serve for more than 5 years under current operating conditions. For the valve tower water-cooled anode and cathode gaskets: Although the mechanical properties of the seals are good, from the perspective of sealing integrity and structural safety, their appearance has serious Class A defects. The inner side of the anode gasket is severely deformed, with radial blistering at the compression working surface, large permanent deformation, and obvious whitening and corrosion on the surface; the inner side of the cathode gasket is also severely deformed. These appearance defects directly affect the fit between the gasket and the sealing surface, significantly increasing the risk of media leakage. Long-term use may also lead to more serious structural damage due to stress concentration at the defect locations. Therefore, it is recommended that parts under the same operating conditions be replaced as soon as possible.

[0109] In summary, based on this batch of sealing material samples, the following comprehensive improvement and inspection recommendations can be made: ① The tensile strength of the O-ring seals in the gas oil flow relays is generally low; it is recommended to conduct incoming tensile strength testing. The aging differences among the five products are significant; it is recommended to refine the operating conditions. ② The gaskets in the valve tower water-cooling section exhibit leakage current affecting operating conditions; the measured surface resistivity is low, indicating severe electrolytic corrosion of the material. For sealing materials in the valve tower water-cooling system, there are currently no product technical standards; further research is needed to determine key technical indicators such as material resistivity. Products under similar operating conditions are recommended to be disassembled and inspected during the next annual inspection. ③ The equalizing electrode O-rings are in good service condition; products in the same operating conditions do not require replacement within 5 years.

[0110] The method provided in this invention integrates the entire lifecycle information of sealing components, enabling comprehensive evaluation across all dimensions and ensuring thorough assessment. It clearly defines the defect levels and deduction standards for each state quantity during the evaluation process, eliminating subjective bias and improving objectivity and accuracy. Furthermore, the evaluation results clearly indicate the material's service status, expected service life, and coding level, providing scientific support for the operation, maintenance, and repair decisions of power equipment sealing materials. This effectively prevents equipment failures caused by seal failure, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system and demonstrating high practicality. In addition, it can dynamically track material changes using a combination of periodic and non-periodic evaluation methods, accurately reflecting the true service status and helping to accurately control the timing of maintenance and replacement.

[0111] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a performance evaluation system for sealing materials of power equipment, as shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 5 As shown, it includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in power equipment. The detection module is used to select state variables for the sealing material from a preset set of state variables; based on the state variables, the sealing material is detected using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to obtain the detection results of the sealing material; The scoring module is used to obtain a score for the sealing material based on the original design parameters, operating condition records, maintenance reference information and test results, using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment. The performance evaluation module is used to determine the service performance evaluation results of the sealing material based on the score.

[0112] In one specific implementation, the scoring module is specifically used for: The baseline score is determined based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters; The number of defects in the sealing material, the defect level of each defect, and the defect value are identified from the test results; the weight coefficient of each defect is determined according to the defect level; and the cumulative impact value of the defects is calculated based on the weight coefficient and defect value of each defect. Extract the environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site from the operating condition records; the environmental coupling coefficient characterizes the environmental severity of the service site. Based on maintenance reference information, determine the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level of the sealing material within a preset cycle; based on the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level, determine the historical maintenance penalty value; The rating of the sealing material is determined based on the baseline score, cumulative defect impact value, environmental coupling coefficient, and historical maintenance penalty value.

[0113] In one specific implementation, the scoring of the sealing material satisfies the following formula:

[0114] in, This indicates the rating of the sealing material. Let exp() represent the base score, and let exp() represent the natural exponential function. Represents the environmental coupling coefficient. This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. Indicates the number of defects. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty factor. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty value.

[0115] In one specific implementation, if the state variable includes the post-service compression ratio, then the detection module is specifically used for: Obtain the groove depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location of the sealing material; The cross-sectional profile of the sealing material after service is scanned to obtain the cross-sectional geometric features; Based on the cross-sectional geometric features and the constraint parameters of groove depth and width, the initial wire diameter of the sealing material is calculated using the inverse geometric reconstruction algorithm; Calculate the post-service compressibility of the sealing material based on the initial wire diameter; The reverse geometry algorithm satisfies the following formula:

[0116] in, Where W is the initial wire diameter, H is the groove width, H is the groove depth, and ΔV is the design allowance. The theoretical area under unconstrained conditions is obtained by projecting the geometric features of the cross section.

[0117] In one specific implementation, if the state variables include leakage current condition evaluation and volume resistivity testing, then the detection module is specifically used for: Environmental characteristic factors of the sealing material service site are extracted from the operating condition records. These environmental characteristic factors include leakage current density and insulation medium. In a multi-field coupling test environment, an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density is applied to the sealing material, and the sealing material is immersed in an insulating medium to obtain the volume resistivity change curve and swelling rate change curve of the sealing material under the multi-field coupling test environment.

[0118] In one specific implementation, if the state variables include microscopic surface morphology, then the detection module is specifically used for: Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy or ultrasonic phased array technology is used to perform a full-section scan of the sealing material to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal inside the sealing material. Based on the time-domain characteristics of terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal, the distribution density of micropores and the propagation depth of microcracks inside the sealing material can be identified. Microscopic damage feature vectors are generated based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth.

[0119] In one specific implementation, the performance evaluation module is specifically used for: Based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, the service status of the sealing material is determined, including severe status and general status. If the service condition of the sealing material is normal, the expected service life and operation and maintenance recommendations for the sealing material are determined based on the score range in which the score falls, and these are used as the service performance evaluation results of the sealing material.

[0120] In one specific implementation, the service status of the sealing material is determined based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, including: Based on the defect level of each defect in the detection results, determine the number of Level 1 defects and the number of Level 2 defects; If the number of primary defects is less than the first threshold and the number of secondary defects is less than the second threshold, then the sealing material is determined to be in a normal state. If the number of Level 1 defects exceeds the first threshold or the number of Level 2 defects exceeds the second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a critical condition.

[0121] In one specific implementation, when the power equipment includes a converter transformer, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: the main tank connection flange, the disassembly switch, the bushing, the pressure relief valve, the cooler, the CT junction box, the dehumidifier, the bellows, the oil flow relay, or the gas relay. When electrical equipment includes circuit breakers or GIS switchgear, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: flange mating face, access manhole, SF6 leakage sensor connection, or partial discharge sensor connection; When the power equipment includes the converter valve cooling equipment, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: the flange connection between the main water pipes of the valve tower, the union between the T-tube and the bracket in the component, the equalizing electrode, or the water nozzle of the branch water pipe; The sealing material includes at least one of the following: nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluorosilicone, acrylate, or fluororubber.

[0122] Example 3: like Figure 6As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be a computer device, a microcontroller device, a smart mobile device, etc. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, etc. The memory, processor, and transceiver component are connected via a bus; the memory can be used to store executable programs, and an exemplary executable program may include instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory can also be used to store data, which can be accessed and / or modified when instructions are executed.

[0123] The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, and it is suitable for implementing one or more instructions. Specifically, it is suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to realize the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to realize the steps of the power equipment sealing material performance evaluation method in the above embodiments.

[0124] Example 4: Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device readable storage medium (Memory). This readable storage medium is a memory device within an electronic device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the storage medium here can include both built-in storage media within the electronic device and extended storage media supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides storage space, which stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more executable programs (including program code). It should be noted that the storage medium here can be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Loading and executing one or more instructions stored in the storage medium by the processor can implement the steps of the power equipment sealing material performance evaluation method described in the above embodiments.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0126] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0127] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0128] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0129] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit its scope of protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, they can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the claims pending approval.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the performance of sealing materials for power equipment, characterized in that, include: Obtain the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in power equipment; Select state variables for the sealing material from a preset set of state variables; Based on the state quantity, the sealing material is detected using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection results of the sealing material; Based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment is used to obtain a score for the sealing material. Based on the score, the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material is determined.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, an evaluation algorithm considering the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment is used to obtain a score for the sealing material, including: The baseline score is determined based on the material type and structural form in the original design parameters. The number of defects in the sealing material, the defect level of each defect, and the defect value are identified in the test results; the weight coefficient of each defect is determined according to the defect level of each defect; and the cumulative impact value of the defects is calculated based on the weight coefficient and the defect value of each defect. The environmental coupling coefficient of the sealing material service site is extracted from the operating condition records; the environmental coupling coefficient characterizes the environmental severity of the service site. Based on the maintenance reference information, determine the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level of the sealing material within a preset cycle; based on the number of maintenance times and maintenance severity level, determine the historical maintenance penalty value; The rating of the sealing material is determined based on the benchmark score, the cumulative impact value of defects, the environmental coupling coefficient, and the historical maintenance penalty value.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The scoring of the sealing material satisfies the following formula: in, This indicates the rating of the sealing material. Let exp() represent the base score, and let exp() represent the natural exponential function. Represents the environmental coupling coefficient. This represents the weight coefficient of the i-th defect. This represents the defect quantity value of the i-th defect. Indicates the number of defects. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty factor. This indicates the historical maintenance penalty value.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, If the state quantity includes the post-service compression ratio, then the detection of the sealing material based on the state quantity using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material includes: Obtain the groove depth and width constraint parameters at the installation location of the sealing material; The cross-sectional profile of the sealing material after service is scanned to obtain the cross-sectional geometric features; Based on the cross-sectional geometric features and the groove depth and width constraint parameters, the initial wire diameter of the sealing material is calculated using a reverse geometric reconstruction algorithm; Based on the initial wire diameter, calculate the post-service compressibility of the sealing material; The reverse geometry algorithm satisfies the following formula: in, Where W is the initial wire diameter, H is the groove width, H is the groove depth, and ΔV is the design allowance. The theoretical area under unconstrained conditions is obtained by projecting the geometric features of the cross section.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, If the state variables include leakage current condition evaluation and volume resistivity testing, then the step of using physical degradation mechanism characteristic detection technology to detect the sealing material based on the state variables, and obtaining the detection results of the sealing material, includes: The environmental characteristic factors of the sealing material service site are extracted from the operating condition records. The environmental characteristic factors include leakage current density and insulating medium. In a multi-field coupling test environment, an electric field strength corresponding to the leakage current density is applied to the sealing material, and the sealing material is immersed in the insulating medium to obtain the volume resistivity change curve and swelling rate change curve of the sealing material in the multi-field coupling test environment.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, If the state quantity includes microscopic surface morphology, then the detection of the sealing material based on the state quantity using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection result of the sealing material includes: The sealing material is scanned across its entire cross section using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy or ultrasonic phased array technology to obtain the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal inside the sealing material. Based on the time-domain characteristics of the terahertz wave absorption spectrum or ultrasonic echo signal, the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth inside the sealing material are identified. Based on the micropore distribution density and microcrack propagation depth, a micro-damage feature vector is generated.

7. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material based on the score includes: Based on the defect level of each defect in the test results, the service status of the sealing material is determined, including severe status and general status. If the service condition of the sealing material is normal, then based on the scoring range in which the score falls, the expected service life and operation and maintenance recommendations of the sealing material are determined as the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the service status of the sealing material based on the defect level of each defect in the test results includes: Based on the defect level of each defect in the detection results, the number of first-level defects and the number of second-level defects are determined. If the number of primary defects is less than a first threshold and the number of secondary defects is less than a second threshold, then the sealing material is determined to be in a normal state. If the number of primary defects exceeds the first threshold or the number of secondary defects exceeds the second threshold, the sealing material is determined to be in a critical condition.

9. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the power equipment includes a converter transformer, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: main body oil tank connecting flange, disassembly switch, bushing, pressure relief valve, cooler, CT junction box, dehumidifier, bellows, oil flow relay, or gas relay. When the power equipment includes a circuit breaker or GIS switchgear, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing locations: flange mating surface, maintenance manhole, SF6 leakage sensor connection, or partial discharge sensor connection; When the power equipment includes a converter valve cooling device, the sealing material is located at at least one of the following sealing positions: the flange connection between the main water pipes of the valve tower, the union between the T-tube and the bracket in the assembly, the equalizing electrode, or the water nozzle of the branch water pipe; The sealing material includes at least one of the following: nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluorosilicone, acrylate, or fluororubber.

10. A performance evaluation system for sealing materials of power equipment, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the original design parameters, operating condition records, and maintenance reference information of the sealing materials in power equipment. The detection module is used to select state quantities for the sealing material from a preset set of state quantities; Based on the state quantity, the sealing material is detected using physical degradation mechanism feature detection technology to obtain the detection results of the sealing material; The scoring module is used to obtain a score for the sealing material based on the original design parameters, the operating condition records, the maintenance reference information, and the test results, using an evaluation algorithm that considers the coupling coefficient between defect level and environment. A performance evaluation module is used to determine the service performance evaluation result of the sealing material based on the score.

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