Soil and water loss prevention and treatment zoning-based dynamic supervision and verification method and system for earthwork of pumped storage power station

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of earthwork supervision, and specifically proposes a method and system for dynamic supervision and verification of earthwork of pumped storage power station based on water and soil loss prevention zoning, comprising: dividing the pumped storage power station construction area into several independent measurement units and coding, establishing an electronic account base map; measuring the excavation volume, filling volume, hole residue utilization volume, topsoil stripping and utilization volume, and waste residue volume; installing Beidou / global positioning system terminal and load sensing device for transport vehicles, and recording the loading point, unloading point, driving track and load change of each vehicle in real time; constructing a dynamic balance checking model to calculate the balance residual; triggering real-time early warning when the transport vehicle trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in the non-designated area or the load suddenly changes abnormally, and triggering balance warning when the balance residual exceeds the residual threshold. The present application can realize real-time monitoring of excavation, filling, utilization and waste, and can timely perform abnormal early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of earthwork supervision technology, specifically, it relates to a method and system for dynamic supervision and verification of earthwork in pumped storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage power stations, as key regulating power sources in new power systems, have seen rapid growth in construction scale in recent years. Their construction is generally characterized by massive excavation and filling volumes (often reaching millions or even tens of millions of cubic meters), simultaneous excavation of upper and lower reservoirs, dense clusters of caverns, and spoil heaps often located in ecologically sensitive areas such as valleys, resulting in extremely high risks of soil erosion. However, current soil and water conservation monitoring during the construction period mainly relies on ledgers reported by construction units, supervisor records, and periodic manual measurements, often using rough estimates of earthwork volumes and lacking precise, real-time measurement methods. This extensive approach leads to a severe disconnect between monitoring data and the actual soil erosion situation. On the one hand, drastic changes in excavation and filling volumes cannot be captured in a timely manner, the flow of earthwork is difficult to trace, and potential hazards such as illegal spoil disposal and temporary soil erosion cannot be detected promptly. On the other hand, resource utilization activities such as the processing and utilization of cavern spoil and the stripping and preservation of topsoil lack quantitative monitoring, and the dynamic balance between excavation, filling, utilization, and spoil disposal cannot be effectively verified. This results in inaccurate and incomplete soil and water conservation monitoring data, making it difficult to accurately reflect the degree and spatiotemporal distribution of soil erosion in the project-affected areas. It also hinders the precise identification of soil erosion risk points and critical periods, posing significant threats to the implementation of soil erosion prevention responsibilities, the acceptance of soil and water conservation facilities, and regional ecological security. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a dynamic monitoring and verification method for the entire process of earthwork in pumped storage power stations to improve the reliability of soil and water conservation monitoring data and its risk identification capabilities.

[0003] Existing technologies have proposed a visualized dynamic management method for earthwork in pumped storage power stations, developed a device for calculating earthwork volume, and established a method for calculating earthwork volume based on UAV 3D scanning real-scene modeling. However, these technologies have three main problems: First, earthwork measurement, flow tracking, and balance verification are fragmented and do not form a closed loop; second, they lack zone-level fine-grained management methods based on soil and water conservation zones; and third, they lack dynamic verification of the volume logic for complex paths such as muck processing and topsoil utilization, which can easily lead to discrepancies between accounts and actual volumes and illegal dumping of muck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, so as to realize real-time monitoring of excavation, filling, utilization and disposal, and timely early warning of anomalies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Soil and water conservation zoning coding and electronic ledger construction: Based on the soil and water conservation zoning and responsibility scope, the pumped storage power station construction area is divided into several independent metering units, each unit is assigned a unique code, and an electronic ledger base map is established. Step 2: Dynamic volume measurement based on multi-source data fusion: This involves measuring the excavation volume V. 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 , volume of slag utilization V 洞渣利用 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 Perform measurement; Step 3, Earthwork Transportation Flow Tracking: Install Beidou / Global Positioning System terminals and load sensing devices on transport vehicles, delineate electronic fences for each metering unit on the electronic map, record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time, and generate earthwork transportation flow sheets. Step 4: Construct a dynamic equilibrium verification model V 挖总 =V 填总 +V 洞渣利用 +V 表土利用 +V 弃总 +△V 损耗 , where ΔV 损耗 To balance the residuals, including losses due to spillage and dust during transportation and measurement errors, ΔV is calculated periodically. 损耗 And setting the residual threshold λ 阈值 ; Step 5, Anomaly Warning and Closed-Loop Handling: Real-time warnings are triggered when the transport vehicle deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences a sudden change in load. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, in step one, the independent metering unit includes the upper reservoir excavation area, the lower reservoir excavation area, the water diversion tunnel and underground powerhouse cavern group excavation area, the traffic road area, the construction production and living area, the material yard area, the topsoil storage area, the cave slag processing and utilization area, and the spoil disposal area.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, in step one, the electronic ledger base map is entered with design baseline data, including the design excavation and filling volume, the design waste volume, and the design tunnel slag utilization volume.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, in step two, the excavation volume V 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 The measurement method is as follows: 1) Before construction begins or at the start of each measurement cycle, a drone equipped with a lidar is used to scan the target area and generate a digital elevation model (DEM-A). The excavation volume corresponds to the excavation volume of the excavation area, the filling volume corresponds to the filling volume of the material yard area, the topsoil stripping and utilization volume corresponds to the reduction of the topsoil storage area, and the waste volume corresponds to the increase of the waste yard. 2) Scan the same area periodically according to the soil and water conservation monitoring cycle to generate the current digital elevation model (DEM-B); 3) Subtract the elevation values ​​of DEM-B and DEM-A grid by grid to obtain the elevation change of each grid cell. ; 4) Excavation volume V 挖总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 To sum the mesh volumes of all mesh cells with reduced elevations, the fill volume V 填总 and the amount of waste V 弃总 To accumulate the mesh volume of all mesh cells with increased elevation.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, in step two, the volume of slag used is V. 洞渣利 The specific measurement method is as follows: install a belt scale or laser volume scanner at the feed inlet of the slag processing system to measure the total amount of slag entering the slag processing system in real time.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, in step four, an adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold λ. 阈值 : λ 阈值 =α×measurement error rate +β×moisture content correction +γ×construction strength coefficient; In the formula, α, β, and γ represent the weighting coefficients of the measurement error rate, moisture content correction coefficient, and construction strength coefficient, respectively, which can be dynamically adjusted or manually calibrated according to different construction stages, seasonal changes, and terrain conditions. The measurement error rate was pre-assessed based on LiDAR point cloud density, DEM resolution, and terrain relief. The method for obtaining the moisture content correction is to obtain the soil moisture content in real time through soil moisture sensors deployed on site during the rainy season or winter snow melting period, multiply the DEM volume increment by k, and then participate in the balance calculation. The construction strength coefficient is obtained by automatically relaxing the threshold by 0.5 to 1 percentage point when the excavation and filling volume exceeds the set threshold for several consecutive days.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, step five also includes triggering a red alert when the transport vehicle's trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in a non-designated area, or experiences an abnormal change in load; and triggering an orange alert when the dynamic balance check shows a residual error exceeding the threshold.

[0012] This invention also provides a dynamic monitoring and verification system for earthwork of pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, used to execute the above-mentioned method, including: The zoning coding and ledger construction module divides the pumped storage power station construction area into several independent metering units based on the water and soil erosion prevention zoning and responsibility scope, assigns a unique code to each unit, and establishes an electronic ledger base map. The multi-source integrated volume measurement module measures the volume of excavation, filling, muck utilization, topsoil stripping and utilization, and waste disposal. The transport flow tracking module is used to record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time by using the Beidou / Global Positioning System terminal and load sensing device installed on the transport vehicle, combined with the electronic fence of each metering unit marked on the electronic map, and to generate an earthwork transport flow sheet that automatically matches the starting unit, ending unit and volume. The dynamic equilibrium verification module is used to establish the real-time equilibrium equation for earthwork and automatically calculate the first equilibrium residual ΔV at regular intervals. 损耗 An adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold λ. 阈值 ; The early warning and handling module is used to trigger real-time warnings when the transport vehicle's trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences abnormal changes in load. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered; The visualization report generation module is used to create a digital twin cockpit for earthwork, displaying the real-time volume of each unit, vehicle heat map, and balance curve in three dimensions, and automatically generating earthwork dynamic balance reports, spoil disposal site filling progress reports, and tunnel spoil resource utilization statistics tables.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory storing a computer program executable by the at least one processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor performs the above-described method.

[0014] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the above-described method.

[0015] The present invention provides a method and system for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Based on the zoning and responsibility areas for soil and water conservation, the construction area of ​​the pumped storage power station is divided into independent measurement units, including the upper reservoir excavation area, the lower reservoir excavation area, the cavern complex excavation area, the material yard area, the spoil disposal area, and the topsoil storage area. Each unit is assigned a unique code, and an electronic ledger map is established. Multi-source data, including DEM generated by UAV LiDAR scanning and real-time measurement of cavern spoil processing volume by belt scales / laser volume scanners, are integrated. Differentiated measurement strategies are adopted for different scenarios such as excavation, filling, topsoil stripping / utilization, and spoil disposal. A real-time balance equation is constructed, including total excavation volume, total filling volume, cavern spoil utilization volume, topsoil utilization volume, total spoil volume, and balance residuals. The residuals are automatically calculated periodically, enabling timely detection of discrepancies between the recorded data and actual data, providing quantitative assurance for the authenticity of soil and water conservation monitoring data.

[0016] 2. Equip transport vehicles with BeiDou / Global Positioning System terminals and load sensors. Combined with electronic fences marked on an electronic map, the system records the loading and unloading points, driving trajectory, and load changes of each vehicle in real time, automatically generating earthwork transport logs that match the starting and ending points and the volume. This mechanism can accurately trace the flow path of each batch of earthwork, effectively preventing illegal transshipment, indiscriminate dumping, and temporary soil loss, solving the pain point of unclear flow direction in traditional methods.

[0017] 3. An adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold, comprehensively considering the measurement error rate (assessed by LiDAR point cloud density, DEM resolution, and terrain undulation), moisture content correction (correcting the DEM volume increment based on the measured moisture content from soil moisture sensors), and construction intensity coefficient (automatically relaxing the threshold by 0.5–1 percentage points during continuous high-intensity construction). This threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the construction stage, seasonal changes, and terrain conditions, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by fixed thresholds during the rainy season, snowmelt period, or peak periods, thus improving the robustness of the early warning system.

[0018] 4. Establish a two-tiered response mechanism: a red alert (for deviations from transport routes, unloading in undesignated areas, sudden changes in load, etc.) and an orange alert (for dynamic balance residuals exceeding thresholds). Alert information will be pushed to the mobile terminals of on-site supervisors in real time and can only be deactivated after verification and feedback. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] Example 1: A method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Zoning and Electronic Ledger Construction for Soil and Water Erosion Prevention Based on the zoning and responsibility areas for soil and water conservation, the construction area of ​​the pumped storage power station is divided into several independent metering units, each assigned a unique code, and an electronic ledger map is established. The electronic ledger map records design baseline data, including design excavation and filling volumes, design spoil volume, and design tunnel spoil utilization volume.

[0022] The independent metering units include the excavation area of ​​the upper reservoir, the excavation area of ​​the lower reservoir, the excavation area of ​​the water diversion tunnel and underground powerhouse cavern complex, the traffic road area, the construction, production and living area, the material yard area, the topsoil storage area, the cave slag processing and utilization area, and the spoil disposal area.

[0023] Step 2: Dynamic volume measurement based on multi-source data fusion For excavation volume V 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 , volume of slag utilization V 洞渣利用 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 Measurement is performed, and the excavation volume V is recorded. 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 The measurement method is as follows: 1) Before construction begins or at the start of each measurement cycle, a drone equipped with a lidar is used to scan the target area and generate a digital elevation model (DEM-A). The excavation volume corresponds to the excavation volume of the excavation area, the filling volume corresponds to the filling volume of the material yard area, the topsoil stripping and utilization volume corresponds to the reduction of the topsoil storage area, and the waste volume corresponds to the increase of the waste yard. 2) Scan the same area periodically according to the soil and water conservation monitoring cycle to generate the current digital elevation model (DEM-B); 3) Subtract the elevation values ​​of DEM-B and DEM-A grid by grid to obtain the elevation change of each grid cell. ; 4) Excavation volume V 挖总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用To sum the mesh volumes of all mesh cells with reduced elevations, the fill volume V 填总 and the amount of waste V 弃总 To accumulate the mesh volume of all mesh cells with increased elevation.

[0024] Specifically, let's take the measurement of excavation and filling volumes as examples: 1) Establishment of the baseline DEM Before construction begins (or at the start of each measurement cycle), a drone equipped with a lidar is used to scan the target area (such as the upper and lower reservoir basins and spoil disposal sites). After acquiring point cloud data, it undergoes denoising, ground point classification, and filtering to generate a high-precision digital elevation model (DEM-A), with a recommended grid resolution of 0.2~0.5 m.

[0025] 2) Current DEM collection The same area is scanned again according to the soil and water conservation monitoring cycle (monthly or quarterly) to generate DEM-B.

[0026] 3) Calculation of elevation difference Subtracting the grid-by-grid elevations of DEM-B from DEM-A yields the elevation change for each grid cell. The calculation formula is as follows: Δ h ( i , j ) = h B ( i , j ) - h A ( i , j ); 4) Volume Calculation The formula for calculating the excavation volume is as follows: ; The formula for calculating the fill volume is as follows: ; In the formula, Δ h ( i , j ) represents the raster elevation variation (m). A grid The area of ​​a single grid cell (m²) 2 ).

[0027] The formulas for calculating the excavation volume reduction in prevention and control zones such as material requisition areas, key engineering areas, and traffic road areas are as follows: the formulas for calculating the filling volume increase in construction production and living areas, spoil disposal areas, and topsoil storage areas are as follows:

[0028] The DEM was calibrated to absolute accuracy by establishing ground control points (GCPs) to ensure that the elevation error was ≤5 cm. For irregular boundary areas, a cropping algorithm was used to remove invalid points.

[0029] V volume of slag utilization 洞渣利用 The specific measurement method is as follows: install a belt scale or laser volume scanner at the feed inlet of the slag processing system to measure the amount of slag used in the slag processing system in real time.

[0030] Step 3: Tracking the flow of earthwork transportation: Install Beidou / Global Positioning System terminals and load sensing devices on the transport vehicles, delineate electronic fences for each metering unit on the electronic map, record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time, and generate earthwork transportation flow sheets.

[0031] Step 4: Construct a dynamic equilibrium verification model: V 挖总 =V 填总 +V 洞渣利用 +V 表土利用 +V 弃总 +△V 损耗 ; V 挖总 = Upper reservoir excavation volume + Lower reservoir excavation volume + Cavern group excavation volume (from step two); V 填总 = Dam fill volume + Site backfill volume (from step two); V 洞渣利用 = The amount of slag entering the slag processing system as measured by the belt scale (from step two). V 表土利用 =Reduction in topsoil stockpile (from step two); V 弃总 =Increase in spoil disposal area (from step two); ΔV 损耗 =Balance residuals include losses due to spillage and dust during transportation, as well as measurement errors.

[0032] Calculate ΔV periodically 损耗 And setting the residual threshold λ 阈值 .

[0033] The system automatically calculates ΔV every 24 hours. 损耗 The threshold is calculated using an adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model to determine the residual threshold λ. 阈值 : λ 阈值 =α×measurement error rate +β×moisture content correction coefficient +γ×construction strength coefficient; In the formula, α, β, and γ represent the weighting coefficients of the measurement error rate, moisture content correction coefficient, and construction strength coefficient, respectively, which can be dynamically adjusted or manually calibrated according to different construction stages, seasonal changes, and terrain conditions.

[0034] The measurement error rate is pre-assessed based on LiDAR point cloud density, DEM resolution, and terrain undulation; for example, the error rate is set at 8% for steep slope areas and 3% for gentle slope areas.

[0035] The measurement error rate is synthesized from three sub-error components, using an error propagation and weighted synthesis model: ; (1) Point cloud density error components ε point Point cloud density ρ (unit: points / square meter) directly affects the DEM interpolation accuracy. The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: kp is the instrument constant, obtained from the factory calibration of the LiDAR equipment, with a typical value range of 0.5~1.5; ρ is the point cloud density (points / m²). 2 ).

[0036] Typical value reference: When ρ>=100 points / m 2 At that time, ε point <=0.5%; When ρ = 10 points / m 2 At that time, ε point ≈3.0%.

[0037] (2) DEM grid resolution error component ε grid ; Where: r represents the side length of the DEM grid (m), and the recommended value range is 0.2~1.0m; H represents the average elevation of the monitoring area (m).

[0038] For example: when r = 0.2m and H = 100m, ε grid ≈0.1%; when r=1.0m, H=100m, ε grid ≈0.5%.

[0039] (3) Topographic relief error component ε terrain ; Where: R is the topographic relief (m), defined as the elevation difference between the highest and lowest points within the zone; H is the average elevation of the monitoring area (m); and S is the average slope (degrees) of the zone.

[0040] Physical basis: Based on the statistical relationship between the root mean square error (RMSE) of the measured elevation of ground control points (GCPs) and the elevation extracted from DEM and the topographic relief, RMSE≈0.05×R×tan(S_bar), the above formula is obtained by converting RMSE into volumetric error rate.

[0041] The method for obtaining the moisture content correction coefficient is to obtain the soil moisture content θ in real time through soil moisture sensors deployed on site during the rainy season or winter snow melting period, multiply the DEM volume increment by k, and then participate in the balance calculation.

[0042] The goal of moisture content correction is to convert the measured volume under the on-site volumetric moisture content conditions into the equivalent volume under the reference moisture content, thereby eliminating the impact of moisture content fluctuations on volume measurement.

[0043] (1) Formula for calculating the correction factor: C moisture =|A×(θ-θ0)|×100%; Wherein: θ is the real-time volumetric moisture content (%), which is collected by a soil moisture sensor every 2 hours, and the spatial average of at least 3 monitoring points in each zone is taken; θ0 is the reference volumetric moisture content (%), which is the average natural moisture content of soil samples in the construction area (preliminary on-site sampling and indoor test calibration); A is the volume expansion / contraction coefficient (dimensionless), which is determined by indoor geotechnical tests.

[0044] Method for determining the value of A: Indoor expansion tests were conducted on the main soil and rock types in the construction area. The rate of volume change of soil-rock mixture was measured under different moisture content gradients; The value of A = ΔV / (Δθ × V0) was fitted by linear regression. Typical value range: 0.1~0.3.

[0045] When θ > θ0 (rainy season), C moisture >0, the volume of soil and rock expands; When θ < θ0 (dry season), C moisture >0, soil and rock volume shrinkage; When θ = θ0, C moisture =0, the correction item is not activated.

[0046] (2) Volume correction formula When the corrected volume is used in equilibrium calculations: V 修正 =V DEM ×[1+A×(θ-θ0)] (3) Sensor deployment and implementation rules At least three soil moisture sensor monitoring points should be set up in each zone; Take the spatial average value as the representative θ of this partition; If |θ-θ0|<=2% (dead zone threshold), the moisture content correction is not activated; If |θ-θ0|>2%, the system automatically activates moisture content correction, V DEM Revised to V 修正 It then participates in the balancing calculation.

[0047] The construction strength coefficient is obtained by automatically relaxing the threshold by 0.5 to 1 percentage point when the excavation and filling volume exceeds the set threshold for several consecutive days.

[0048] Construction strength coefficient C intensity This reflects the impact of high-intensity excavation and filling operations on the balance residuals within a short period, compensating for transient micro-disturbances (such as short-distance transport, temporary storage, and frequent vehicle access) that the measurement system cannot fully capture during high-intensity construction. The calculation formula is: ; Among them: Q daily The total actual excavation and filling volume for the day (10,000 cubic meters / day) is provided by the LiDAR measurement results from step two; Q threshold The benchmark threshold for construction intensity (10,000 cubic meters / day); Q threshold The calculation formula is:

[0049] Where: V 设计总挖填量 This represents the total design excavation and fill volume (in ten thousand cubic meters) for this zone; T 设计工期 The design and construction period (in days) for this zone.

[0050] The system calculates Q for the previous 24 hours at 00:00 every day. daily ; If Q daily <=Q threshold C intensity =0 (Intensity compensation is not triggered); If Q daily Q threshold Calculate C according to the formula intensity .

[0051] The weighting coefficients α, β, and γ are determined according to the rule that α + β + γ = 1. The magnitude of the weighting coefficient should be positively correlated with the degree of uncertainty of the sub-item—that is, the greater the contribution of the factor to the total error and the more difficult the measurement, the higher the corresponding weight value. The weighting values ​​under typical working conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0052]

[0053] Preferably, in another embodiment, the weighting coefficients are calibrated and verified using data from the preliminary experimental phase (the first 30 days after construction begins): Step 1: During the experimental phase, high-precision ground control point measurements (quasi-true values) and the method of this invention are used simultaneously for parallel monitoring; Step 2: Calculate the contribution ratio of each of the three factors' component errors to the total error, and use this as the initial weights; Step 3: Objectively correct the initial weights using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) or the entropy weight method; Step 4: After expert review and confirmation, the weight parameters are fixed and re-evaluated and calibrated once every natural quarter.

[0054] When |θ-θ0|>5% and persists for more than 72 hours (extreme rainy season or drought), the system automatically increases β by 0.1 while decreasing α and γ by the same amount. When Q daily Exceeding 2×Q for 7 consecutive days threshold (Under high-intensity continuous construction), the system automatically increases γ by 0.1, while simultaneously reducing α and β by the same amount.

[0055] Table 2 shows an example of calculating the dynamic threshold for a certain partition under different operating conditions.

[0056]

[0057] This mechanism ensures that the threshold is dynamically and adaptively adjusted according to the working conditions, avoiding frequent false alarms caused by fixed thresholds during the rainy season or high-intensity construction period, while maintaining sufficient sensitivity under normal working conditions.

[0058] Step 5, Anomaly Warning and Closed-Loop Handling: Real-time warnings are triggered when the transport vehicle deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences a sudden change in load. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered.

[0059] Real-time warning: When the transport vehicle deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences an abnormal change in load, the system immediately triggers a red warning and pushes it to the mobile terminal of the on-site supervisor.

[0060] Balance warning: When the dynamic balance check shows a residual exceeding the threshold, the system issues an orange warning, indicating that there may be unrecorded excavation, filling or waste disposal activities.

[0061] All warnings must be verified on-site, handled, and feedback received before being closed, forming a traceable management loop.

[0062] Step Six: Visualization Platform and Report Generation A digital twin cockpit for earthwork at pumped storage power stations was established, displaying real-time volume of each unit, vehicle heat map, and balance curve in three dimensions. It automatically generates "Daily / Weekly / Monthly Dynamic Balance Report of Earthwork", "Progress Report of Waste Disposal Site", and "Statistical Table of Resource Utilization of Cave Waste" as attachments to the soil and water conservation monitoring report.

[0063] Example 2: Taking a pumped storage power station (1.2 million kW installed capacity) under construction in Southwest China as an example, we selected 30 consecutive days of data during the peak construction period to simulate the comparison between this method and the traditional manual ledger method.

[0064] (1) Basic parameters of the project Design excavation volume for the upper reservoir basin: 3.2 million m³ 3 ; Design excavation volume for the lower reservoir basin: 2.8 million m³ 3 ; Excavation of the cavern complex (water diversion tunnel + powerhouse): 850,000 m³ 3 ; The designed processing capacity of the slag processing system is 2000 m³. 3 / sky; Total topsoil stripping volume: 280,000 m³ 3 ; (2) Summary of 30-day simulation data (unit: 10,000 m³) 3 (See Table 3).

[0065]

[0066] (3) Critical incident detection capability Violation Warning Case: On day 12, the system detected three transport vehicles deviating from the designated route and attempting to dump excavated material (approximately 180 m³) into a downstream ditch in the reservoir area. The electronic fence triggered a red alert, and on-site personnel arrived within 15 minutes to stop the dumping. The manual record-keeping method only discovered the illegal dumping on day 20 during an on-site inspection, a delay of 8 days.

[0067] Balance Anomaly Warning: On day 25, the dynamic balance residual reached 6.8% (dynamic threshold set at 5.5%), triggering an orange alert from the system. Upon investigation, it was discovered that a temporary soil stockpile was not included in the measurement system. After supplementary measurement, the residual decreased to 1.2%, preventing a major oversight during acceptance.

[0068] (4) Conclusion on accuracy and efficiency This method controls the measurement error of major earthwork items to within ±3%, which is better than the ±10~15% of manual ledgers.

[0069] The time to detect transportation violations has been reduced from days to minutes, with a warning accuracy rate of 92% (11 warnings in 30 days, with one false alarm caused by abnormal load sensing due to extreme rain). The system automatically generates a balance report every 24 hours, requiring only 20% of the manpower of traditional methods.

[0070] Example 3: This embodiment provides a dynamic monitoring and verification system for earthwork of pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, used to execute the method described in Embodiment 1, including: The zoning coding and ledger construction module divides the pumped storage power station construction area into several independent metering units based on the water and soil erosion prevention zoning and responsibility scope, assigns a unique code to each unit, and establishes an electronic ledger base map. The multi-source integrated volume measurement module measures the volume of excavation, filling, muck utilization, topsoil stripping and utilization, and waste disposal. The transport flow tracking module is used to record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time by using the Beidou / Global Positioning System terminal and load sensing device installed on the transport vehicle, combined with the electronic fence of each metering unit marked on the electronic map, and to generate an earthwork transport flow sheet that automatically matches the starting unit, ending unit and volume. The dynamic equilibrium verification module is used to establish the real-time equilibrium equation for earthwork and automatically calculate the first equilibrium residual ΔV at regular intervals. 损耗 An adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold λ. 阈值 ; The early warning and handling module is used to trigger real-time warnings when the transport vehicle's trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences abnormal changes in load. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered; The visualization report generation module is used to create a digital twin cockpit for earthwork, displaying the real-time volume of each unit, vehicle heat map, and balance curve in three dimensions, and automatically generating earthwork dynamic balance reports, spoil disposal site filling progress reports, and tunnel spoil resource utilization statistics tables.

[0071] Example 4: This embodiment provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory storing a computer program executable by the at least one processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0072] Example 5: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Soil and water conservation zoning coding and electronic ledger construction: Based on the soil and water conservation zoning and responsibility scope, the pumped storage power station construction area is divided into several independent metering units, each unit is assigned a unique code, and an electronic ledger base map is established. Step 2: Dynamic volume measurement based on multi-source data fusion: This involves measuring the excavation volume V. 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 , volume of slag utilization V 洞渣利用 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 Perform measurement; Step 3, Earthwork Transportation Flow Tracking: Install Beidou / Global Positioning System terminals and load sensing devices on transport vehicles, delineate electronic fences for each metering unit on the electronic map, record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time, and generate earthwork transportation flow sheets. Step 4: Construct a dynamic equilibrium verification model V 挖总 =V 填总 +V 洞渣利用 +V 表土利用 +V 弃总 +△V 损耗 , where ΔV 损耗 To balance the residuals, including losses due to spillage and dust during transportation and measurement errors, ΔV is calculated periodically. 损耗 And setting the residual threshold λ 阈值 ; Step 5, Anomaly Warning: Real-time warnings are triggered when the transport vehicle deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences abnormal load changes. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered.

2. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the independent metering unit includes the upper reservoir excavation area, the lower reservoir excavation area, the water diversion tunnel and underground powerhouse cavern group excavation area, the traffic road area, the construction production and living area, the material yard area, the topsoil storage area, the cave slag processing and utilization area, and the waste disposal area.

3. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the electronic ledger base map is entered with design baseline data, including the design excavation and filling volume, the design waste volume, and the design tunnel slag utilization volume.

4. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the excavation volume V 挖总 Filling volume V 填总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 and the amount of waste V 弃总 The measurement method is as follows: 1) Before construction begins or at the start of each measurement cycle, a drone equipped with a lidar is used to scan the target area and generate a digital elevation model (DEM-A). The excavation volume corresponds to the excavation volume of the excavation area, the filling volume corresponds to the filling volume of the material yard area, the topsoil stripping and utilization volume corresponds to the reduction of the topsoil storage area, and the waste volume corresponds to the increase of the waste yard. 2) Scan the same area periodically according to the soil and water conservation monitoring cycle to generate the current digital elevation model (DEM-B); 3) Subtract the elevation values ​​of DEM-B and DEM-A grid by grid to obtain the elevation change of each grid cell. ; 4) Excavation volume V 挖总 Topsoil stripping and utilization V 表土利用 To sum the mesh volumes of all mesh cells with reduced elevations, the fill volume V 填总 and the amount of waste V 弃总 To accumulate the mesh volume of all mesh cells with increased elevation.

5. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the volume of slag used is V. 洞渣利 The specific measurement method is as follows: install a belt scale or laser volume scanner at the feed inlet of the slag processing system to measure the total amount of slag entering the slag processing system in real time.

6. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, an adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold λ. 阈值 : λ 阈值 =α×measurement error rate +β×moisture content correction +γ×construction strength coefficient; In the formula, α, β, and γ represent the weighting coefficients of the measurement error rate, moisture content correction coefficient, and construction strength coefficient, respectively, which can be dynamically adjusted or manually calibrated according to different construction stages, seasonal changes, and terrain conditions. The measurement error rate was pre-assessed based on LiDAR point cloud density, DEM resolution, and terrain relief. The method for obtaining the moisture content correction is to obtain the soil moisture content in real time through soil moisture sensors deployed on site during the rainy season or winter snow melting period, multiply the DEM volume increment by k, and then participate in the balance calculation. The construction strength coefficient is obtained by automatically relaxing the threshold by 0.5 to 1 percentage point when the excavation and filling volume exceeds the set threshold for several consecutive days.

7. The method for dynamic monitoring and verification of earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes step five, which triggers a red alert when the transport vehicle's trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in a non-designated area, or experiences an abnormal change in load; and triggers an orange alert when the dynamic balance check shows a residual error exceeding the threshold.

8. A dynamic monitoring and verification system for earthwork in pumped-storage power stations based on soil and water conservation zoning, characterized in that, For performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: The zoning coding and ledger construction module divides the pumped storage power station construction area into several independent metering units based on the water and soil erosion prevention zoning and responsibility scope, assigns a unique code to each unit, and establishes an electronic ledger base map. The multi-source integrated volume measurement module measures the volume of excavation, filling, muck utilization, topsoil stripping and utilization, and waste disposal. The transport flow tracking module is used to record the loading point, unloading point, driving trajectory and load changes of each vehicle in real time by using the Beidou / Global Positioning System terminal and load sensing device installed on the transport vehicle, combined with the electronic fence of each metering unit marked on the electronic map, and to generate an earthwork transport flow sheet that automatically matches the starting unit, ending unit and volume. The dynamic equilibrium verification module is used to establish the real-time equilibrium equation for earthwork and automatically calculate the first equilibrium residual ΔV at regular intervals. 损耗 An adaptive multi-factor dynamic threshold model is used to calculate the residual threshold λ. 阈值 ; The early warning and handling module is used to trigger real-time warnings when the transport vehicle's trajectory deviates from the preset path, unloads in an undesignated area, or experiences abnormal changes in load. When ΔV 损耗 Exceeding the residual threshold λ 阈值 At that time, a balance warning is triggered; The visualization report generation module is used to create a digital twin cockpit for earthwork, displaying the real-time volume of each unit, vehicle heat map, and balance curve in three dimensions, and automatically generating earthwork dynamic balance reports, spoil disposal site filling progress reports, and tunnel spoil resource utilization statistics tables.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; The memory is communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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