A method and system for evaluating a respiratory training guidance interface

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of human-computer interaction and health information technology, and particularly provides a kind of respiratory training guide interface evaluation method and system.The method includes designing and presenting respiratory training visual guide interface;Obtain subjective experience data, objective respiratory behavior standard score and subjective experience standard score;Based on the preset weight, the objective respiratory behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused, and the comprehensive performance score of each respiratory training visual guide interface is obtained;Based on the comprehensive performance score, the comprehensive performance of at least two respiratory training visual guide interfaces is evaluated and compared, and the evaluation result is obtained, the method introduces direct airflow measurement, fine behavior index and subjective and objective index fusion scoring process, overcomes the subjective and one-sided limitations of traditional evaluation method, can quantify the influence of interface information design on user respiratory behavior quality and experience, provides a scientific and objective evaluation tool and empirical basis for the optimization design of respiratory training interactive interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of human-computer interaction and health information technology, and in particular to an evaluation method and system for a breathing training guidance interface. Background Technology

[0002] Breathing training, as a non-pharmacological intervention, plays an important role in stress management, mood regulation, and rehabilitation of certain respiratory diseases. With the development of mobile health and wearable devices, numerous applications have emerged that guide users through regular breathing exercises via visual, auditory, or tactile interfaces. The design quality of these guided interfaces directly impacts user adherence, experience, and ultimate results.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in evaluating breathing training guidance interfaces: First, evaluation methods largely rely on subjective user questionnaire feedback, lacking objective and detailed physiological behavioral data to support their effectiveness, making it difficult to quantify the actual impact of interface design on users' breathing patterns. Second, in terms of objective measurement, indirect sensors such as breathing belts are commonly used, whose signals are easily interfered with by body movement, making it impossible to accurately segment breathing phases and capture the dynamic quality (such as smoothness) of the breathing transition process. Finally, existing research focuses on comparing the overall effects of different interface forms, lacking systematic manipulation and mechanistic exploration of the core information dimensions of the interface (such as breathing stages, time progress, and cycle information), failing to clarify the optimal information design, and resulting in a lack of solid empirical guidance for interface design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an evaluation method and system for a breathing training guidance interface, which overcomes the subjective and one-sided limitations of traditional evaluation methods and can quantify the impact of interface information design on the quality and experience of breathing behavior.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an evaluation method for a breathing training guidance interface, the method comprising:

[0006] Step 1: Based on the differences in information diversity levels, design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in information diversity levels. Step 2: Perform breathing training according to the visual guidance interface, and simultaneously collect breathing airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data. Step 3: Based on respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal motion signals, calculate multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators, including respiratory smoothness. The respiratory smoothness index is quantified by calculating the mean absolute value of the slope of the flow rate change in the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the transition point between the inspiratory and expiratory phases. Step 4: Perform index direction unification and normalization processing on the multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators to obtain objective respiratory behavior standard scores; perform scale direction unification and normalization processing on the subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience standard scores. The multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators include respiratory duration indicators, respiratory depth indicators, and respiratory smoothness indicators. Step 5: Based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface; Step 6: Evaluate and compare the overall effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces based on the comprehensive effectiveness score to obtain the evaluation results.

[0007] Optionally, the information diversity level in step 1 is defined as the number of breathing instruction information types presented simultaneously in the guidance interface. The breathing instruction information types include breathing stage information indicating whether the current stage is in the inhalation or exhalation stage, time progress information indicating whether the current stage has been completed or has remaining duration, and complete breathing cycle information that includes the current stage and its adjacent stages. The at least two types of breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in their level of information diversity include: a low information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information through only the size change of a single graphic element; a medium information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information and time progress information through the size change of a single graphic element and its positional relationship with a static boundary; and a high information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information, time progress information, and complete breathing cycle information simultaneously through a visual chart containing at least two independent graphic areas.

[0008] Optionally, in step 2, the respiratory airflow signal is acquired by a gas flow sensor, which is a thermal mass flow meter; at the same time, the chest and abdominal movement signal is acquired synchronously by a breathing belt sensor. Step 21: Mean and Standard Deviation of Respiratory Phase Durations: Calculate the mean duration of all inspiratory or expiratory phases and their deviation from the target duration; calculate the standard deviation of the durations. As a quantitative indicator of respiratory rhythm stability; mean respiratory phase duration. and standard deviation The calculation formula is: ; ; in, The total number of respiratory phases, The duration of the j-th inhalation or exhalation phase; Step 22: Mean Respiratory Depth: Numerically integrate the airflow-time curves for each inspiratory and expiratory phase to obtain the tidal volume, then calculate the average tidal volume for all phases; mean respiratory depth. Calculated by integration: ; in, The instantaneous flow rate during the j-th respiratory phase; Step 23: Breathing smoothness: For each transition point from the end of expiration to the beginning of inspiration, a fixed time window is selected before and after the transition point. The airflow waveform within the current window is subjected to least squares linear fitting, and the absolute value of the slope of the fitted line is calculated. The average value of the absolute values ​​of the slope of all transition points is the breathing smoothness index. The formula for calculating respiratory smoothness S is: ; Where N is the total number of conversion points. For the i-th transition point, The radius of the time window.

[0009] Optionally, the multidimensional respiratory behavior indicators in step 3 further include: the mean and standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration calculated based on the respiratory airflow signal; and the mean respiratory depth obtained by integrating the airflow-time curves of the inspiratory and expiratory phases.

[0010] Optionally, step 4 includes: The deviation between the respiratory phase duration and the target respiratory phase duration, the standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration, and the respiratory smoothness index are used as negative objective indicators, with smaller values ​​indicating better training results. The respiratory depth index is used as a positive objective indicator or a target proximity objective indicator. The negative objective indicators are back-normalized according to the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same subject under at least two respiratory training visual guidance interfaces. The positive objective indicators are forward-normalized. For the target proximity objective indicators, the deviation from the target value is calculated first and then back-normalized to obtain the standard score of the objective indicators. Usability, pleasure, and relaxation scores were used as positive subjective indicators, while focus difficulty scores were used as negative subjective indicators. Positive subjective indicators were normalized according to the lowest and highest scores on the scale, while negative subjective indicators were normalized after being scored in reverse, resulting in standard scores for the subjective indicators.

[0011] Optionally, step 5 includes: The objective indicator standard score and the subjective indicator standard score are weighted and summed to obtain the first... Objective respiratory efficacy score of a visually guided breathing training interface Subjective experience effectiveness score ; and in accordance with Calculate the first The overall effectiveness score of the visual guidance interface for breathing training ,in As an objective respiratory efficacy weight, For subjective experience effectiveness weighting, .

[0012] Optionally, step 6 includes: The evaluation results are ranked or compared based on the overall effectiveness scores of at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces. The evaluation results include objective breathing effectiveness scores, subjective experience effectiveness scores, overall effectiveness scores, and an assessment report of the interface ranking results.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an evaluation system for a breathing training guidance interface, the system being used to execute the evaluation method for a breathing training guidance interface in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, the system comprising: The interface presentation and control module is used to design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in the level of information diversity, based on the differences in the level of information diversity. The multimodal data acquisition module is used to conduct breathing training based on the visual guidance interface for breathing training, and simultaneously acquires respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data. The data processing and analysis module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to calculate multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators, including respiratory smoothness, based on the respiratory airflow signal and chest and abdominal movement signal. The respiratory smoothness index is quantified by calculating the mean absolute value of the slope of the flow rate change in the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the transition point between the inhalation and exhalation phases. The interaction and report output module performs index direction unification and normalization processing on multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators to obtain objective breathing behavior standard scores; it also performs scale direction unification and normalization processing on subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience standard scores. The multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators include breathing duration, breathing depth, and breathing smoothness indicators. Based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard scores and the subjective experience standard scores are weighted and fused to obtain a comprehensive effectiveness score for each breathing training visual guidance interface. Based on the comprehensive effectiveness score, the comprehensive effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces is evaluated and compared to obtain the evaluation result.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including: one or more processors; a memory; and one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are stored in the memory, and the one or more computer programs include instructions that, when executed by the device, cause the device to perform the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this invention includes the following steps: designing and presenting at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces that differ in information diversity levels; conducting breathing training based on the visually guided breathing interfaces, simultaneously collecting respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data; calculating multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators, including breathing smoothness, based on the respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals; performing index direction unification and normalization processing on the multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators to obtain objective breathing behavior standard scores; and performing scale direction unification and normalization processing on the subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience. Standard score; based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface; based on the comprehensive effectiveness score, the comprehensive effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces is evaluated and compared to obtain the evaluation result. This method overcomes the subjective and one-sided limitations of traditional evaluation methods by introducing direct airflow measurement, refined behavioral indicators, and a subjective and objective indicator fusion scoring process. It can quantify the impact of interface information design on the quality and experience of user breathing behavior, and provides a scientific and objective evaluation tool and empirical basis for the optimized design of breathing training interactive interfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the evaluation method for the breathing training guidance interface provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 The following are schematic diagrams of visual guidance interfaces with three different information diversity levels provided in the embodiments of the present invention: (a) low information diversity - spherical interface, (b) medium information diversity - spherical interface with boundary, and (c) high information diversity - circular interface. Figure 3This is a comparison diagram of the synchronous breathing signal waveforms collected by the gas flow sensor and the breathing belt sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of respiratory smoothness index based on gas flow sensor data, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A comparison chart of phase duration standard deviations under different guiding interfaces provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 6 A comparison of respiratory smoothness indices under different guidance interfaces provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this invention are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0021] This invention provides an evaluation method for a breathing training guidance interface, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the method includes: Step 1: Based on the differences in information diversity levels, design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in information diversity levels.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, the experimental interface design and variable manipulation are as follows: The information diversity level mentioned in step 1 is defined as the number of respiratory instruction information types presented simultaneously in the guidance interface. The respiratory instruction information types include respiratory stage information indicating whether the current stage is in the inhalation or exhalation stage, time progress information indicating whether the current stage has been completed or has remaining duration, and complete respiratory cycle information that includes the current stage and its adjacent stages. The at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in their level of information diversity, such as Figure 2As shown in (a) to (c), the interfaces include: a low information diversity interface, which encodes respiratory phase information through only the size change of a single graphic element (such as a sphere); a medium information diversity interface, which encodes respiratory phase information and time progress information through the size change of a single graphic element and its positional relationship with a static boundary (such as an outer ring); and a high information diversity interface, which encodes respiratory phase information, time progress information and complete respiratory cycle information simultaneously through a visual chart containing at least two independent graphic regions (such as a circular progress chart).

[0023] Step 2: Perform breathing training according to the visual guidance interface, and simultaneously collect breathing airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, multimodal data is acquired synchronously: in step 2, the respiratory airflow signal at the mouth and nose is acquired through a gas flow sensor. The gas flow sensor is a thermal mass flow meter with a sampling frequency greater than or equal to 100Hz to ensure accurate capture of the dynamic details of respiratory transitions; at the same time, chest and abdominal movement signals are acquired synchronously through a breathing belt sensor. Step 21: Mean and Standard Deviation of Respiratory Phase Duration: Calculate the mean duration of all inspiratory or expiratory phases and their deviation from the target duration (4.28 seconds); calculate the standard deviation of the duration. As a quantitative indicator of respiratory rhythm stability (the lower the value, the more stable); mean respiratory phase duration and standard deviation The calculation formula is: ; ; in, The total number of respiratory phases, The duration of the j-th inhalation or exhalation phase; Step 22: Mean Respiratory Depth: Numerically integrate the airflow-time curves for each inspiratory and expiratory phase to obtain the tidal volume, then calculate the average tidal volume for all phases; mean respiratory depth. Calculated by integration: ; in, The instantaneous flow rate during the j-th respiratory phase; Step 23: Breathing smoothness: such as Figure 3As shown, for each transition point from the end of expiration to the beginning of inspiration (or vice versa), a fixed time window (e.g., 150ms before to 150ms after the transition point) is selected before and after the transition point. The airflow waveform within the current window is subjected to least-squares linear fitting, and the absolute value of the slope of the fitted line is calculated. The average of the absolute values ​​of the slopes of all transition points is taken as the breathing smoothness index. The lower the value, the smoother and more natural the breathing transition. The formula for calculating respiratory smoothness S is: ; Where N is the total number of conversion points. For the i-th transition point, The time window radius is (e.g., 150ms). In actual calculations, the least squares linear fit is used to the straight line of the airflow data points in this interval, and the absolute value of the slope is taken.

[0025] Subjective experience data includes user ratings on usability of the guided interface, difficulty of focusing, pleasure, and relaxation, collected through standardized questionnaires.

[0026] Step 3: Based on respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal motion signals, calculate multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators, including respiratory smoothness. The respiratory smoothness index is quantified by calculating the mean absolute value of the slope of the flow rate change in the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the phase transition point between inhalation and exhalation.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the calculation of refined behavioral indicators includes: accurately detecting the start and end points of the inspiratory and expiratory phases; the multi-dimensional respiratory behavioral indicators in step 3 further include: the mean and standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration calculated based on the respiratory airflow signal, used to assess the consistency and stability of the breathing rhythm and the guided rhythm; and the mean respiratory depth obtained by integrating the airflow-time curves of the inspiratory and expiratory phases, used to assess the respiratory amplitude. A lower mean absolute slope indicates a smoother and more natural breathing transition process.

[0028] Step 4: Perform index direction unification and normalization processing on the multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators to obtain objective respiratory behavior standard scores; perform scale direction unification and normalization processing on the subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience standard scores. The multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators include respiratory duration indicators, respiratory depth indicators, and respiratory smoothness indicators.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, step 4 includes: The deviation between the respiratory phase duration and the target respiratory phase duration, the standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration, and the respiratory smoothness index are used as negative objective indicators, with smaller values ​​indicating better training results. The respiratory depth index is used as a positive objective indicator or a target proximity objective indicator. The negative objective indicators are back-normalized according to the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same subject under at least two respiratory training visual guidance interfaces. The positive objective indicators are forward-normalized. For the target proximity objective indicators, the deviation from the target value is calculated first and then back-normalized to obtain the standard score of the objective indicators. Usability, pleasure, and relaxation scores were used as positive subjective indicators, while focus difficulty scores were used as negative subjective indicators. Positive subjective indicators were normalized according to the lowest and highest scores on the scale, while negative subjective indicators were normalized after being scored in reverse, resulting in standard scores for the subjective indicators.

[0030] Step 5: Based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, step 5 includes: The objective indicator standard score and the subjective indicator standard score are weighted and summed to obtain the first... Objective respiratory efficacy score of a visually guided breathing training interface Subjective experience effectiveness score ; and in accordance with Calculate the first The overall effectiveness score of the visual guidance interface for breathing training ,in As an objective respiratory efficacy weight, For subjective experience effectiveness weighting, .

[0032] Step 6: Evaluate and compare the overall effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces based on the comprehensive effectiveness score to obtain the evaluation results.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, step 6 includes: The evaluation results are ranked or compared based on the overall effectiveness scores of at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces. The evaluation results include objective breathing effectiveness scores, subjective experience effectiveness scores, overall effectiveness scores, and an assessment report of the interface ranking results.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, objective respiratory behavior indicators are directionally unified and normalized. For each subject... And visual guidance interfaces for each type of breathing training The respiratory phase duration deviation, respiratory phase duration standard deviation, respiratory depth index, and respiratory smoothness index were obtained. Respiratory phase duration deviation, respiratory phase duration standard deviation, and respiratory smoothness index are negative objective indicators; that is, the smaller the value, the closer the respiratory rhythm is to the target rhythm, the higher the stability, or the smoother the transition. For negative objective indicators... ,according to Calculate the standard score of the objective indicator, where and These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same indicator for the same subject under at least two different interfaces. To prevent constants with a denominator of zero.

[0035] For positive objective indicators where a larger value indicates a better effect, according to... Calculate the standard scores for objective indicators. For respiratory depth indicators with target values, first calculate the absolute deviation between the standard score and the target respiratory depth, and then normalize it according to the negative objective indicators. After normalization, the standard scores for each objective indicator range from 0 to 1, with larger values ​​indicating better objective respiratory performance on the corresponding interface.

[0036] Subjective experience data was standardized and normalized. Subjective experience data includes usability, concentration difficulty, pleasure, and relaxation scores obtained from a standardized questionnaire. Usability, pleasure, and relaxation are positive subjective indicators, and the lowest score on the scale was used. and highest score Perform linear normalization; focus on difficulty as a negative subjective indicator, according to... Reverse scoring and normalization are performed. After normalization, the standard scores for each subjective indicator range from 0 to 1, with higher values ​​indicating a better subjective experience on the corresponding interface.

[0037] Calculate the objective respiratory efficacy score, the subjective experience efficacy score, and the overall efficacy score. For the first... A visually guided interface for breathing training, following Calculate the objective respiratory efficacy score according to Calculate the subjective experience efficacy score; where For the number of subjects, For the first The weight of each objective indicator For the first The weights of each subjective indicator are assigned, and the sum of the weights of each group is 1.

[0038] The overall performance score is based on Calculation, where As an objective respiratory efficacy weight, For subjective experience effectiveness weighting, Without resetting the weights for specific application scenarios, Take 0.6, We set it to 0.4 so that the evaluation results can simultaneously reflect the quality of objective breathing behavior and the user's subjective experience, and improve the supporting role of objective breathing behavior data in the comprehensive evaluation.

[0039] Based on the combined effectiveness score of at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces By ranking or comparing differences, the interface with the highest overall effectiveness score is identified as the superior visual guidance interface for breathing training. When the objective breathing effectiveness score and the subjective experience effectiveness score point to different interfaces, the evaluation report simultaneously outputs the objective breathing effectiveness ranking, subjective experience effectiveness ranking, and overall effectiveness ranking to illustrate the different impacts of interface design on the quality of breathing behavior and the experience.

[0040] Therefore, this invention does not simply observe questionnaire results and breathing behavior results separately, but converts objective and subjective indicators to a unified scale in the same evaluation process, and then integrates them through preset weights to form a comparable comprehensive effectiveness score, thereby enabling a clear and repeatable evaluation of the comprehensive effectiveness of different breathing training visual guidance interfaces.

[0041] This invention provides an evaluation system for a breathing training guidance interface. The system is used to perform the above-mentioned evaluation method for a breathing training guidance interface. The system includes: an interface presentation and control module, a multimodal data acquisition module, a data processing and analysis module, and an interaction and report output module. The interface presentation and control module is used to design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in information diversity levels. The multimodal data acquisition module is used to perform breathing training based on the breathing training visual guidance interfaces, simultaneously acquiring respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data. The data processing and analysis module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to calculate multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators, including breathing smoothness, based on the respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals. The breathing smoothness indicator is calculated by measuring the flow rate change of the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the inspiratory and expiratory phase transition point. The average absolute value of the slope is used for quantification; the interaction and report output module performs index direction unification and normalization processing on multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators to obtain objective breathing behavior standard scores; the subjective experience data is subjected to scale direction unification and normalization processing to obtain subjective experience standard scores, where multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators include breathing duration indicators, breathing depth indicators, and breathing smoothness indicators; the objective breathing behavior standard scores and the subjective experience standard scores are weighted and fused based on preset weights to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface; the comprehensive effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces is evaluated and compared based on the comprehensive effectiveness score to obtain the evaluation result.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the multimodal data acquisition module includes: a high-precision airflow sensing unit, an optional auxiliary sensing unit, a questionnaire input unit, and a data processing and analysis module; A high-precision airflow sensor unit is used to directly acquire respiratory airflow signals; an optional auxiliary sensor unit is used to acquire chest and abdominal motion signals; and a questionnaire input unit is used to collect subjective experience data. In this embodiment of the invention, the data processing and analysis module includes: a processing and analysis unit; The processing and analysis unit is used to receive and preprocess respiratory airflow signals, perform noise reduction and phase segmentation; calculate respiratory smoothness index, respiratory phase duration index and respiratory depth index based on the processed signals; perform reverse scoring, normalization and statistical analysis on subjective experience data; and calculate objective respiratory efficiency score, subjective experience efficiency score and comprehensive efficiency score according to preset weights.

[0043] This invention constructs a quantifiable, interpretable, and repeatable evaluation framework by controlling the level of diversity of interface information as a key design variable, combined with high-precision direct airflow measurement, innovative behavioral indicators (such as breathing smoothness), and a weighted fusion scoring process of subjective and objective indicators. This framework aims to scientifically evaluate the comprehensive effectiveness of different guidance interfaces and reveal their impact mechanisms.

[0044] The technical solution provided by this invention includes the following steps: designing and presenting at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces that differ in information diversity levels; conducting breathing training based on the visually guided breathing interfaces, simultaneously collecting respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data; calculating multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators, including breathing smoothness, based on the respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals; performing index direction unification and normalization processing on the multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators to obtain objective breathing behavior standard scores; and performing scale direction unification and normalization processing on the subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience. Standard score; based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface; based on the comprehensive effectiveness score, the comprehensive effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces is evaluated and compared to obtain the evaluation result. This method overcomes the subjective and one-sided limitations of traditional evaluation methods by introducing direct airflow measurement, refined behavioral indicators, and a subjective and objective indicator fusion scoring process. It can quantify the impact of interface information design on the quality and experience of user breathing behavior, and provides a scientific and objective evaluation tool and empirical basis for the optimized design of breathing training interactive interfaces.

[0045] The various steps in the embodiments of the present invention can be performed by an electronic device. This electronic device includes, but is not limited to, tablet computers, portable PCs, and desktop computers.

[0046] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, it controls the electronic device containing the computer-readable storage medium to execute the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface described above.

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 21 includes a processor 211, a memory 212, and a computer program 213 stored in the memory 212 and executable on the processor 211. When the computer program 213 is executed by the processor 211, it implements the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface in the embodiment. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Electronic device 21 includes, but is not limited to, processor 211 and memory 212. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 7 This is merely an example of electronic device 21 and does not constitute a limitation on electronic device 21. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, electronic device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0049] The processor 211 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0050] The memory 212 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 21, such as a hard disk or RAM of the electronic device 21. The memory 212 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 21, such as a plug-in hard disk, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or FlashCard equipped on the electronic device 21. Furthermore, the memory 212 can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device 21. The memory 212 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by network devices. The memory 212 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for a breathing training guidance interface, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: Based on the differences in information diversity levels, design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in information diversity levels. Step 2: Perform breathing training according to the visual guidance interface, and simultaneously collect breathing airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data; Step 3: Based on respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal motion signals, calculate multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators, including respiratory smoothness. The respiratory smoothness index is quantified by calculating the mean absolute value of the slope of the flow rate change in the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the transition point between the inspiratory and expiratory phases. Step 4: Perform index direction unification and normalization processing on the multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators to obtain objective respiratory behavior standard scores; perform scale direction unification and normalization processing on the subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience standard scores, where the multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators include respiratory duration indicators, respiratory depth indicators, and respiratory smoothness indicators. Step 5: Based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard score and the subjective experience standard score are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive effectiveness score of each breathing training visual guidance interface; Step 6: Evaluate and compare the overall effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces based on the comprehensive effectiveness score to obtain the evaluation results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information diversity level in step 1 is defined as the number of respiratory instruction information types presented simultaneously in the guidance interface. The respiratory instruction information types include respiratory stage information indicating whether the current stage is in the inhalation or exhalation stage, time progress information indicating whether the current stage has been completed or has remaining time, and complete respiratory cycle information that includes the current stage and its adjacent stages. The at least two types of breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in their level of information diversity include: a low information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information through only the size change of a single graphic element; a medium information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information and time progress information through the size change of a single graphic element and its positional relationship with a static boundary; and a high information diversity interface, which encodes breathing phase information, time progress information, and complete breathing cycle information simultaneously through a visual chart containing at least two independent graphic areas.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 2, the respiratory airflow signal is acquired by a gas flow sensor, which is a thermal mass flow meter; at the same time, the chest and abdominal movement signal is acquired synchronously by a breathing belt sensor. Step 21: Mean and Standard Deviation of Respiratory Phase Durations: Calculate the mean duration of all inspiratory or expiratory phases and their deviation from the target duration; calculate the standard deviation of the durations. As a quantitative indicator of respiratory rhythm stability; mean respiratory phase duration. and standard deviation The calculation formula is: ； ； in, The total number of respiratory phases, The duration of the j-th inhalation or exhalation phase; Step 22: Mean Respiratory Depth: Numerically integrate the airflow-time curves for each inspiratory and expiratory phase to obtain the tidal volume, then calculate the average tidal volume for all phases; mean respiratory depth. Calculated by integration: ； in, The instantaneous flow rate during the j-th respiratory phase; Step 23: Breathing smoothness: For each transition point from the end of expiration to the beginning of inspiration, a fixed time window is selected before and after the transition point. The airflow waveform within the current window is subjected to least squares linear fitting, and the absolute value of the slope of the fitted line is calculated. The average value of the absolute values ​​of the slope of all transition points is the breathing smoothness index. The formula for calculating respiratory smoothness S is: ； Where N is the total number of conversion points. For the i-th transition point, The radius of the time window.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multidimensional respiratory behavior indicators in step 3 also include: the mean and standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration calculated based on the respiratory airflow signal; and the mean respiratory depth obtained by integrating the airflow-time curves of the inspiratory and expiratory phases.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 4 includes: The deviation between the respiratory phase duration and the target respiratory phase duration, the standard deviation of the respiratory phase duration, and the respiratory smoothness index are used as negative objective indicators, with smaller values ​​indicating better training results. The respiratory depth index is used as a positive objective indicator or a target proximity objective indicator. The negative objective indicators are back-normalized according to the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same subject under at least two respiratory training visual guidance interfaces. The positive objective indicators are forward-normalized. For the target proximity objective indicators, the deviation from the target value is calculated first and then back-normalized to obtain the standard score of the objective indicators. Usability, pleasure, and relaxation scores were used as positive subjective indicators, while focus difficulty scores were used as negative subjective indicators. Positive subjective indicators were normalized according to the lowest and highest scores on the scale, while negative subjective indicators were normalized after being scored in reverse, resulting in standard scores for the subjective indicators.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 5 includes: The objective indicator standard score and the subjective indicator standard score are weighted and summed to obtain the first... Objective respiratory efficacy score of a visually guided breathing training interface Subjective experience effectiveness score ; and in accordance with Calculate the first The overall effectiveness score of the visual guidance interface for breathing training ,in As an objective respiratory efficacy weight, For subjective experience effectiveness weighting, .

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 6 includes: The evaluation results are ranked or compared based on the overall effectiveness scores of at least two visually guided breathing training interfaces. The evaluation results include objective breathing effectiveness scores, subjective experience effectiveness scores, overall effectiveness scores, and an assessment report of the interface ranking results.

8. An evaluation system for a breathing training guidance interface, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface according to claim 1, and the system includes: The interface presentation and control module is used to design and present at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces that differ in the level of information diversity, based on the differences in the level of information diversity. The multimodal data acquisition module is used to conduct breathing training based on the visual guidance interface for breathing training, and simultaneously acquires respiratory airflow signals and chest and abdominal movement signals to obtain subjective experience data. The data processing and analysis module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to calculate multi-dimensional respiratory behavior indicators, including respiratory smoothness, based on the respiratory airflow signal and chest and abdominal movement signal. The respiratory smoothness index is quantified by calculating the mean absolute value of the slope of the flow rate change in the respiratory airflow waveform in the interval near the transition point between the inhalation and exhalation phases. The interaction and report output module performs index direction unification and normalization processing on multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators to obtain objective breathing behavior standard scores; it also performs scale direction unification and normalization processing on subjective experience data to obtain subjective experience standard scores. The multi-dimensional breathing behavior indicators include breathing duration, breathing depth, and breathing smoothness indicators. Based on preset weights, the objective breathing behavior standard scores and the subjective experience standard scores are weighted and fused to obtain a comprehensive effectiveness score for each breathing training visual guidance interface. Based on the comprehensive effectiveness score, the comprehensive effectiveness of at least two breathing training visual guidance interfaces is evaluated and compared to obtain the evaluation result.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory; And one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are stored in the memory, the one or more computer programs including instructions that, when executed by the device, cause the device to perform the evaluation method of the breathing training guidance interface according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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