A traditional Chinese medicine medication mode construction method and system based on historical school literature

Abstract

The application discloses a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) medication mode construction method and system based on historical school literature, and relates to the technical field of TCM information processing. In view of the problem that an existing literature measurement method can only describe a static medication frequency distribution and cannot reveal a school medication dynamic inheritance relationship, a prescription literature set of a same target TCM school for a preset type of disease is obtained, the literature is divided into multiple time groups according to a time attribute of the literature, and a medication structure representing a combination relationship between drugs is extracted in each group, a transmission stability measurement of each medication structure in the school is determined through comparison of the medication structures across the time groups, a medication structure meeting a preset condition is determined as a stable medication structure, and a medication mode including evolution information of the stable medication structure on each time group is constructed. Overall, the transformation from historical school literature to a structured, quantifiable and reproducible medication mode is realized, and a quantitative analysis tool with a time dimension and an inheritance context is provided for TCM academic inheritance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine information processing technology, and in particular to a method and system for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Chinese medicine classics and prescriptions are the crystallization of the clinical experience of physicians throughout history, carrying rich ideas on syndrome differentiation and treatment and rules of medication.

[0003] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners primarily acquire knowledge of medication from classical texts in clinical practice through two methods. First, they prescribe and administer medication according to the patient's specific symptoms. This involves studying classic works and writings by various schools of thought to learn the principles of prescription and compatibility, mastering the rules for using prescriptions for specific syndromes. In clinical practice, the practitioner recalls relevant classic prescriptions or drug pairs based on the patient's specific syndrome, making modifications as needed. This method relies heavily on the practitioner's depth of understanding and breadth of memory of the classical texts. Second, they rely on apprenticeship and experience accumulation. While observing, recording, and imitating their teachers in clinical practice, TCM practitioners gradually learn the school's medication habits and compatibility preferences. In clinical practice, they also follow these habits and preferences. This method preserves the academic characteristics of the school, but it relies heavily on oral transmission and personal experience accumulation.

[0004] Existing methods for studying the patterns of TCM medication based on information technology still have the following shortcomings: First, existing methods often break down prescriptions into individual herbs for frequency analysis. However, the combination of herbs in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions has distinct structural characteristics. Herb pairs and herb groups are the basic units that constitute prescriptions, and there are fixed synergistic relationships between the herbs within them. These structured herb units are often more stable than individual herbs in the course of historical transmission.

[0005] Second, existing studies mostly select a particular physician's clinical prescriptions or formulas from a certain ancient book as the analysis object. The results reflect the individual physician's drug preferences and cannot fully present the overall picture of drug use in different schools of thought.

[0006] Third, the exploration of implicit inheritance patterns is insufficient. The experience of different schools of medicine contains a large amount of implicit knowledge that has not been explicitly recorded or expressed. There is a lack of exploration to extract information on the stability of inheritance and evolutionary patterns from the spatiotemporal distribution of literature.

[0007] In summary, existing methods are insufficient to comprehensively and objectively uncover the value of historical Chinese medicine literature and apply it to the construction of Chinese medicine medication patterns. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for constructing a TCM medication model based on historical school literature. This method can integrate and analyze prescription literature from multiple generations of schools and uncover their implicit inheritance patterns, thereby constructing a structured medication model that reflects the characteristics of historical inheritance.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a TCM medication pattern based on historical school literature, the method comprising the following steps: Obtain a collection of prescriptions from the same TCM school of thought that target the same type of disease; Based on the time attributes of the literature, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups, and the drug usage structure is extracted within each time group; wherein, the drug usage structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; By comparing the medication structures in different time groups, the measure of the inheritance stability of each medication structure within the target TCM school was determined. The drug structure that meets the preset conditions for the inheritance stability measurement is determined as the stable drug structure of this school of thought. Based on the stable medication structure, a medication pattern for the preset type of disease from the target TCM school is constructed.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, each document record in the collection of prescription literature shall include at least the following fields: prescription name, drug composition, description of applicable disease or syndrome, and source and date of publication.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the step of acquiring a collection of prescription literature targeting a preset type of disease and belonging to the same target school of traditional Chinese medicine further includes: The original literature was cleaned and standardized mapping of drug names was performed to unify drug alternative names and ancient names, forming a structured collection of prescription literature.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups based on the time attributes of the literature, including: According to a preset time rule, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups; The time rules include at least one of the following: dynastic grouping, generational grouping, or medical family lineage grouping.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the extraction of the drug-containing structure within each time group includes: Extract at least one of the following types of drug structures: The structure of a single Chinese herbal medicine; The structure of a drug pair consisting of two Chinese medicinal herbs; and, A drug group consisting of three or more Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the step of determining the inheritance stability measure of each medication structure within the target TCM school by comparing medication structures in different time groups includes: Based on a pre-defined stability characteristic value calculation model, the stability characteristic value of each drug structure is calculated; the stability characteristic value calculation model integrates information from at least two of the following dimensions: The frequency of occurrence of the drug administration structure in multiple time groups; The time span over which the drug-using structure appeared; and... The continuity of the drug delivery structure.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the preset stability feature value calculation model is as follows: ; Where S is the stability eigenvalue. The number of time groups in which the drug-using structure appears. This represents the total number of time groups. The time span from the first appearance to the last appearance of the drug-grade structure. The total time span covered by literature from different schools of thought. The proportion of the number of consecutive time groups of the drug-using structure to the total number of groups; The preset weighting coefficients, and .

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the step of constructing a medication pattern for the preset type of disease based on the stable medication structure further includes: Identify the adjuvant drug structure associated with the stable drug structure; The auxiliary drug structure refers to a drug structure that does not meet the preset conditions for inheritance stability measurement, but appears more frequently than a preset accompanying frequency threshold in prescription literature containing the stable drug structure. The medication mode further includes the auxiliary medication structure and its synergistic relationship with the stable medication structure.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the medication pattern includes evolutionary information of the stable medication structure over the plurality of time groups, and the evolutionary information includes at least one of the following: The record of changes in the number and amount of medicinal ingredients in the stable medication structure at different time groups; In the stable medication structure, the substitution record of drugs constituting drug pairs or drug groups; and, The trend of drug dosage adjustment is recorded in the stable medication structure.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature, comprising: The literature acquisition module is used to acquire a collection of prescription literature for the same target TCM school, targeting the same type of disease. The time division and structure extraction module is used to divide the collection of prescription literature into multiple time groups based on the time attributes of the literature, and extract the drug structure within each time group; wherein, the drug structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; The stability measurement module is used to determine the inheritance stability of each medication structure within the target TCM school by comparing medication structures in different time groups. The pattern construction module is used to determine the medication structure that meets the preset conditions of the inheritance stability measurement as the stable medication structure of the school, and to construct the medication pattern of the target TCM school for the preset type of disease based on the stable medication structure; wherein, the medication pattern includes the evolution information of the stable medication structure over the multiple time groups.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention compares medication structures across different time groups to determine the stability measure of each medication structure's transmission within the target TCM school. This transforms the qualitative, empirical judgments of transmission in traditional literature research into calculable quantitative indicators of stability, overcoming the inherent limitation of existing bibliometric methods that can only describe static medication frequency distributions and cannot reveal dynamic transmission relationships. Furthermore, this invention uses medication structures whose transmission stability measures meet preset conditions as stable medication structures, constructing medication patterns that include the evolutionary information of these stable medication structures across multiple time groups. The final output pattern not only reflects the stable medication patterns that have been refined through long-term clinical practice within this school but also visually presents the transmission trajectory and dynamic changes of the medication structure at different historical stages through evolutionary information. Overall, this invention achieves a technological transformation from unstructured historical school literature to structured, quantifiable, and reproducible TCM medication patterns, providing a quantitative analysis tool with a clear temporal dimension and transmission lineage for TCM academic inheritance research and teaching. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing a TCM medication model based on historical school literature according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of a method for constructing a TCM medication pattern based on historical school literature according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure labels: 10, Document Acquisition Module; 20, Time Division and Structure Extraction Module; 30, Stability Measurement Module; 40, Pattern Construction Module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better illustrate the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 The image shows a method for constructing a traditional Chinese medicine medication pattern based on historical school literature, according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps: S100. Obtain a collection of prescription literature for diseases of the preset type that belong to the same TCM school of thought; S200. Based on the time attributes of the literature, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups, and the drug usage structure is extracted in each time group; wherein, the drug usage structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; S300. By comparing the medication structures in different time groups, determine the measure of the inheritance stability of each medication structure within the target TCM school. S400. The drug structure that meets the preset conditions for the inheritance stability measurement is determined as the stable drug structure of this school of thought. S500. Based on the stable medication structure, construct the medication mode of the target TCM school for the preset type of disease.

[0024] It is worth noting that the term "drug structure" refers to the combination relationship between different drugs, including single-herb structure, drug-pair structure, and drug-group structure. A drug-pair structure refers to a fixed combination of two Chinese herbs. A drug-group structure refers to a functional drug combination consisting of three or more Chinese herbs.

[0025] In step S100, specifically, at least one prescription document corresponding to a historical school of thought is selected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine ophthalmology literature database. Each document record in the prescription document set includes at least the prescription name, drug composition, description of applicable disease or syndrome, and fields for document source and publication date. The original documents are cleaned, and standardized mapping processing of drug names is performed, uniformly mapping drug aliases and ancient names to modern standard drug names. Data containing duplicate or missing fields is removed, and unstructured text is transformed into structured medication records, forming a structured prescription document set.

[0026] Therefore, this step, by limiting the literature to specific schools of thought and diseases, achieves precise screening of the data sources for analysis. Traditional Chinese medicine schools of thought have clear lineages and academic boundaries. Different schools differ in their diagnostic approaches and medication practices. Limiting the analysis to the same school ensures that the extracted medication patterns are school-specific and consistent, avoiding data noise introduced by differences in medication use between different schools.

[0027] In step S200, specifically, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups according to preset time rules. These time rules include at least one of dynastic grouping, generational grouping, or family lineage grouping. Each time group corresponds to a historical period or family lineage.

[0028] The literature is grouped according to historical dynasties. Taking traditional Chinese medicine ophthalmology literature as an example, the Sui and Tang dynasties were the foundational period for traditional Chinese medicine ophthalmology, with the departments of ear, eye, mouth, and dentistry becoming independent, and ophthalmological monographs such as *Longshu Yanlun* (Treatise on the Eyes of the Dragon Tree) being written. The Song and Yuan dynasties were a period of independent development, with the establishment of an ophthalmology department within the Imperial Medical Bureau of the Song dynasty, and the formation of basic ophthalmological theories such as the five wheels, eight contours, and internal and external cataracts, and the completion of works such as *Michuan Yanke Longmu Lun* (Secret Treatise on Ophthalmology by the Dragon Tree) and *Yinhai Jingwei* (The Essence of the Silver Sea). Ophthalmological theories were further refined during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Dividing the literature into chronological groups such as Sui-Tang, Song-Yuan, and Ming-Qing dynasties reflects the development stages and academic characteristics of ophthalmological drug theories in different historical periods.

[0029] The lineage is divided into generations based on the first, second, and subsequent generations of inheritors of the school. Taking the Wei family school as an example, Wei family ophthalmology originated with Wei Shanglin, a late Qing Dynasty imperial physician, who was skilled in acupuncture and cataract removal and was the first generation inheritor. The second generation included his sons Wei Wenda, Wei Wenxuan, and Wei Wengui, all of whom followed in their father's footsteps and became experts in ophthalmology, with Mr. Wei Wengui being the most renowned. The third generation is represented by Wei Wengui's daughter, Wei Yuying. The fourth generation is represented by Professor Wei Qiping, who served as a mentor for the fifth, sixth, and seventh batches of nationally renowned veteran TCM doctors. The fifth generation is represented by Professor Sun Yanhong and others. Wei family ophthalmology has been passed down for five generations, spanning over a hundred years. Dividing the Wei family school's literature into five time groups according to generations, corresponding to the first to fifth generations of inheritors, can reflect the evolution and inheritance characteristics of the school's medication use across different generations of physicians.

[0030] Medical lineage is grouped according to the lineage of teachers and students. Taking the Yao family school as an example, Yao family ophthalmology was founded by Mr. Yao Heqing and is one of the three major schools of ophthalmology in Shanghai-style traditional Chinese medicine. The second-generation successor was his son, Yao Fangwei. The third-generation successor was Yao Yiwei. Dividing the Yao family school's literature into corresponding time groups according to the lineage of teachers and students allows us to trace the continuity and changes in the use of medicine within the specific lineage of teachers and students.

[0031] It is worth noting that dynastic grouping is suitable for research scenarios involving schools of thought with a large time span and multiple historical dynasties. Generational grouping and medical lineage grouping are suitable for research scenarios where the lineage is clear and the generations of successors can be clearly distinguished. In practical applications, one or more grouping methods can be selected and used in combination depending on the specific circumstances of the school's literature.

[0032] Therefore, this step, by introducing a time-stratification mechanism, allows medication information from different periods, originally mixed within the same data space, to be distinguished according to a historical dimension. The underlying mechanism lies in the fact that the formation of schools of thought in Traditional Chinese Medicine is itself a diachronic process. The academic ideas of these schools are not static but are constantly adjusted, supplemented, and refined through the clinical practice of successive generations of practitioners. By stratifying the literature according to the time dimension, with each time group corresponding to a specific stage or successor in the development of a school, a temporal coordinate is provided for subsequently tracking the dynamic evolution of medication structures.

[0033] Within each time group, drug use structures are extracted. Drug use structures represent different drugs and the combination relationships between different drugs. Drug use structures include the following types: single-herb structures consisting of a single Chinese herb, drug pair structures consisting of two Chinese herbs, and drug group structures consisting of three or more Chinese herbs.

[0034] In this method, the single-herb structure refers to the information on the use of each herb in the prescription literature of the target school, obtained by statistically analyzing the frequency of each herb's appearance. When extracting the single-herb structure from the prescription literature collection, this method iterates through the list of herbs in each prescription, statistically recording each herb's appearance. Subsequently, for each single herb in the candidate set, its frequency of appearance in prescriptions within each time group is calculated. Taking the treatment of glaucoma by the Weiss school as an example, each herb involved in all prescriptions related to glaucoma from the first to the fifth generation of Weiss is counted, such as Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Gardenia jasminoides, Lycium barbarum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Acorus tatarinowii, and Codonopsis pilosula. By analyzing the frequency of each single herb in the prescription literature collection, the core single herb most relied upon by the school can be identified. The frequency of the single-herb structure can also reflect the degree of reliance on this single herb structure by the school in different historical periods and its changing trends.

[0035] A drug pair structure refers to a fixed combination of two Chinese medicinal herbs, representing a fundamental form of Chinese medicine compatibility. The drug pair structure described in this application is a combination of Chinese medicinal herbs recognized by modern TCM pharmacology research as having synergistic effects and moderating toxicity. When extracting drug pair structures from a collection of prescription literature, this method, based on the list of drug components in a prescription, combines any two herbs from the same prescription in pairs to generate candidate drug pair combinations. These candidate combinations are then evaluated against a pre-defined drug pair knowledge base or TCM pharmacology literature, and those conforming to the definition of a drug pair are marked as drug pair structures. Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of drug pair structures in the prescription literature data of the target TCM school is statistically analyzed, as well as their frequency of occurrence within each time group. Taking the treatment of night blindness by the Wei family school as an example, Wei Wengui, the second-generation successor of the Wei family, created the Mingmu Xiaoyao San (containing Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia suffruticosa, and stir-fried Gardenia jasminoides) based on the ancient formula Danzhi Xiaoyao San. The third-generation Wei Yuying modified the Xiaoyao San formula, and the fourth-generation Wei Qiping optimized the Qingmang No. 1 formula, all of which include the combination of Bupleurum and Angelica sinensis. This drug pair appears in the prescription literature of the first to fifth generations of the Wei family. This reflects that Bupleurum and Angelica sinensis are a stable drug pair structure spanning five generations of the Wei family. This drug pair embodies the core treatment principle of the Wei family school: soothing the liver and relieving depression, nourishing blood and improving vision. Therefore, it can be seen that extracting the structure of the drug pair can capture the most basic compatibility unit and its inherited characteristics in the use of medicine within a school of thought.

[0036] In this context, a drug group structure refers to a functional drug combination consisting of three or more traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). A drug group structure is a fixed combination of three or more TCMs, representing an extension of TCM compatibility. The drug group structure described in this application is a further extension of drug pairs, possessing synergistic effects and mitigating toxicity. When extracting drug group structures from a collection of prescription literature, this method combines any three or more drugs from the same prescription based on the drug composition list, generating candidate drug group combinations. These candidate combinations are then evaluated against a pre-defined drug group knowledge base or TCM pharmacology literature, and those conforming to the drug group definition are marked as drug group structures. Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of drug group structures in the prescription literature data of the target TCM school, as well as their frequency of occurrence within each time group, is statistically analyzed. Taking the treatment of night blindness in the Wei school as an example, the three-herb combination of Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, and Paeonia lactiflora is preserved in Wei Wengui's Mingmu Xiaoyao San, Wei Yuying's Xiaoyao San formula, and Wei Qiping's No. 1 formula for night blindness. Extraction results indicate that this is a stable herb combination structure that has been passed down through multiple generations of the Wei school. Bupleurum soothes the liver and relieves stagnation, Angelica sinensis nourishes blood and softens the liver, and Paeonia lactiflora assists Angelica sinensis in nourishing blood and astringing yin. These three herbs work synergistically to form the basic formula root of the Wei school's treatment for night blindness. Therefore, the extraction of the herb combination structure can reflect the core compatibility framework of the school's formulas and its stability in inheritance.

[0037] It is worth noting that the three drug usage structures in this step characterize the compatibility features of drug combinations from different granularities. The single-herb usage structure reflects the basic drug preference at the drug level, the drug pair structure reflects the basic compatibility unit of two drugs working synergistically, and the drug group structure reflects the core compatibility framework of the prescription. These three levels complement each other and together constitute a complete structured expression of the drug usage experience of different schools of thought.

[0038] Step S300: By comparing the drug use structures in different time groups, determine the measure of the inheritance stability of each drug use structure within the target TCM school.

[0039] Specifically, based on a pre-defined stability characteristic value calculation model, the stability characteristic value of each drug use structure is calculated. The stability characteristic value calculation model integrates information from three dimensions: the frequency of occurrence of the drug use structure across multiple time groups, the time span of the drug use structure's occurrence, and the continuity of the drug use structure's occurrence. The stability characteristic value calculation model is as follows: , Where S is the stability eigenvalue. The number of time groups in which the drug structure appears. This represents the total number of time groups. The time span from the first appearance of the drug's structure to its last appearance. The total time span covered by literature from different schools of thought. This refers to the proportion of time groups in which the drug structure appears consecutively to the total number of groups. The preset weighting coefficients, and However, if a certain drug structure appears repeatedly in multiple time components and has a high S value, it is considered to have high stability.

[0040] Using the Wei school of thought as the generational grouping, and taking the Bupleurum-Angelica herb pair structure for treating night blindness as an example, regarding the frequency dimension, this herb structure appears in five time groups: the first generation (Wei Shanglin), the second generation (Wei Wengui), the third generation (Wei Yuying), the fourth generation (Wei Qiping), and the fifth generation (Sun Yanhong). Therefore, the total number of time groups is... If the value is 5, then the number of time groups in which this drug structure appears is 5. The result is 5, meaning the Bupleurum-Angelica herb pair appeared in all five groups. This indicates that the herb pair appeared in all generations, achieving 100% frequency coverage. In contrast, if a herb pair only appeared in the fourth and fifth generations, then... =5, =2, =0.4, indicating that it only appeared in the later stages of the genre and had a low frequency coverage.

[0041] Regarding the time span dimension, the structure of the Bupleurum-Angelica herb pair was recorded in the prescriptions of the first-generation successor, Wei Shanglin, and continued in the clinical practice of the fifth-generation successor. The time span from the first appearance to the last appearance of this herb pair is [not specified]. This equals the entire time span from the first to the fifth generation covered by the literature of the school of thought. , =1.0 indicates that the drug pair covers the entire development process of the school of thought. In contrast, suppose a drug pair only appears in the literature of the fourth and fifth generations of inheritors, first appearing in the fourth generation and last appearing in the fifth generation, its time span only covering the later stage of the school of thought, for example... This indicates that the drug has a relatively short duration of action.

[0042] Regarding the continuity dimension, the Bupleurum-Angelica drug pair structure appeared continuously and without interruption in all five time groups from the first to the fifth generation. Therefore, the number of consecutive time groups is 5, which accounts for the proportion of the total number of groups. This indicates that the drug pair has a completely continuous lineage. In contrast, if a drug pair appears in the first and second generations, disappears in the third generation, and reappears in the fourth and fifth generations, then the longest consecutive occurrence of this drug pair in any given group is 2. This indicates that the inheritance of this drug pair is interrupted and has low continuity.

[0043] This embodiment specifically, schematically, The preset weighting coefficients can be α=0.4, β=0.3, and γ=0.3. α (0.4) is the weighting coefficient for the frequency dimension, used to measure how many different time groups a drug structure has appeared in. Frequency has the highest weight, reflecting that for a drug structure to be recognized as a core experience of stable transmission within a school of thought, it must first be repeatedly used across multiple generations, forming a basis of consensus within the school. β (0.3) is the weighting coefficient for the time span dimension, used to measure the length of time a drug structure spans from its first appearance to its last. Time span has the next highest weight, reflecting the vertical persistence of the drug structure. γ (0.3) is the weighting coefficient for the continuity dimension, used to measure whether a drug structure appears continuously in adjacent time groups without interruption. Continuity has the next highest weight, reflecting the horizontal density of the drug structure. Time span and continuity characterize the quality of transmission from the perspectives of vertical persistence and horizontal density, respectively, and are given equal weight. This means that structures with long time spans but frequent interruptions, and structures with moderate time spans but passed down through generations, each have their own emphasis on inheritance value, and neither should be neglected.

[0044] It can be seen that through the comparison and quantitative calculation of medication structures across time groups, this step converts the implicit experience continuation phenomenon in the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) schools into quantifiable evaluation indicators. By simultaneously evaluating the occurrence frequency of the medication structure in multiple time groups, the length of time it spans and the continuity of its occurrence, the inheritance characteristics are comprehensively characterized from three dimensions. Among them, frequency reflects the breadth of adoption by physicians of past dynasties, time span reflects the durability of its existence, and continuity reflects its stability in each stage of the school's development. Based on the comprehensive quantitative evaluation results of the three dimensions, objective data-based judgment basis can be obtained for determining which medication structures are stably inherited prescriptions in the school for a long time and which are only temporary medications in specific periods.

[0045] Step S400: determine the medication structures whose inheritance stability measurement meets the preset conditions as the stable medication structures of the school.

[0046] Specifically, the medication structures with stability characteristic value S greater than the preset threshold are determined as the stable medication structures of the school. The preset threshold can be adjusted according to specific application scenarios. Description is given by taking the medication structure for treating glaucoma in the Wei school as an example. It is assumed that in the Wei school, the calculated stability characteristic value of Bupleurum, which is a single herb structure, is S=1.0. Since this value is greater than the preset threshold of 0.8, Bupleurum is therefore determined as a stable medication structure for treating glaucoma in the Wei school. On the contrary, taking Ligustri Lucidi Fructus as an example, this single herb does not appear in the empirical Xiaoyao San prescription of Wei Wengui, the second generation of the Wei school, and the prescription of Wei Yuying, the third generation of the Wei school. It was not added for the first time until the fourth generation Wei Qiping optimized the Qingmang No. 1 prescription, and it only covers two time groups of the fourth generation and the fifth generation. Its stability characteristic value S=0.36, which is lower than the preset threshold of 0.8, so it is not determined as a stable single herb. Through threshold screening, core herbs that remain stable during the long-term inheritance of the school can be objectively identified from all single herbs, converting the implicit experience inheritance judgment into a data screening process with clear numerical basis.

[0047] It can be seen that through the threshold screening mechanism, this step identifies stable compatibility structures that have stood the test of time from all medication structures. There is a large amount of tacit knowledge in TCM medication experience. For example, whether a certain herb pair or herb group is truly inherited for a long time within the school and remains stably used among multiple generations of physicians is difficult to confirm through simple manual reading or experience judgment. By setting a quantitative threshold, this step determines medication structures with S value higher than the threshold as stable medication structures, thereby explicitly expressing the implicit inheritance knowledge. These stable medication structures represent the core compatibility experience that has been precipitated in the long-term clinical practice of the school and has cross-generation consistency, and they are the concentrated embodiment of the academic characteristics of the school and the core content of inheritance.

[0048] Step S500: construct a medication mode for preset types of diseases of the target TCM school based on the stable medication structures.

[0049] Specifically, auxiliary drug structures associated with stable drug use structures are identified. An auxiliary drug use structure refers to a drug use structure that, while not meeting the preset conditions for inheritance stability measurement, appears more frequently than a preset associated frequency threshold in prescription literature containing stable drug use structures. Drug use patterns further include auxiliary drug use structures and their synergistic relationships with stable drug use structures.

[0050] Taking the Wei school as an example, the Bupleurum-Angelica sinensis pair appeared stably in all five time groups from the first to the fifth generation of the Wei school, with a stability eigenvalue S=1.0, which is greater than the preset threshold of 0.8, and was therefore identified as a stable drug structure. Based on this, auxiliary drug structures associated with this stable drug structure were identified. Data mining studies showed that among the high-frequency drugs used by Professor Wei Qiping to treat optic nerve atrophy, drugs frequently co-occurring with the Bupleurum-Angelica sinensis pair included Paeonia lactiflora, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, and Codonopsis pilosula. Among these, the Angelica sinensis-Paeonia lactiflora pair appeared frequently in prescriptions containing Bupleurum-Angelica sinensis, but its own inheritance stability was slightly lower (Paeonia lactiflora was not always used in every prescription in the early generations, and only gradually stabilized in the third generation, Wei Yuying, and the fourth generation, Wei Qiping). The stability eigenvalue S of the Angelica sinensis-Paeonia lactiflora pair was 0.65, lower than the preset threshold of 0.8, but its frequency of co-occurrence was greater than the preset threshold for co-occurrence (e.g., greater than 50% of the total number of prescriptions containing the stable drug structure), therefore, this pair was identified as an auxiliary drug structure. The auxiliary drug structure and the stable drug structure of Bupleurum-Angelica form a synergistic relationship of soothing the liver and nourishing the blood: Bupleurum soothes the liver and relieves depression to regulate the Qi mechanism, Angelica nourishes the blood and softens the liver to nourish the eyes, and Paeonia lactiflora assists Angelica in nourishing the blood and astringing Yin. The three together constitute the core compatibility system of the Wei school of "soothing the liver and nourishing the blood" for the treatment of night blindness.

[0051] The medication pattern simultaneously includes evolutionary information of the stable medication structure across multiple time groups. This evolutionary information manifests in three forms. First, records of changes in the number of ingredients, i.e., changes in the composition of the stable medication structure, with additions or subtractions, across different time groups. Taking the evolution of the Wei school's Qingmang No. 1 formula as an example, when the second-generation Wei Wengui created Mingmu Xiaoyao San, it primarily consisted of Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia suffruticosa, and stir-fried Gardenia jasminoides. By the fourth generation, Wei Qiping optimized it into Qingmang No. 1 formula, adding Codonopsis pilosula, Citrus aurantium, and Ligustrum lucidum, reflecting the addition and adjustment of ingredients. Second, records of drug substitution, i.e., changes in which one ingredient in a drug pair or group is replaced by another. For example, in Wei's formula, Paeonia suffruticosa and Gardenia jasminoides (which tend to clear liver heat) were later replaced by Ligustrum lucidum, Lycium barbarum, and Chrysanthemum morifolium (which tend to nourish the liver and kidneys), reflecting the shift in the Wei school's academic focus in treating Qingmang from clearing liver heat to nourishing the kidneys. Third, the dosage adjustment trend record, that is, the increase or decrease of drug dosage in different time groups in the stable medication structure. For example, the dosage of Bupleurum in Wei Yuying's Xiaoyao San formula was 6g, but it was adjusted to 10g in Wei Qiping's Qingmang No. 1 formula, which reflects the adaptive adjustment of drug dosage.

[0052] It is understood that the medication pattern is output in the form of structured data, and the output content includes at least the stable medication structure identifier, the list of drugs contained in the medication structure and their occurrence markers in each time group, the stability characteristic value S, the list of auxiliary medication structures, and the list of evolutionary events. Optionally, the medication pattern can also be output in the form of visual charts, such as a line graph with the time group as the horizontal axis and the stability characteristic value as the vertical axis to show the trend of the stability of each medication structure changing over time, or a Sankey diagram to show the evolutionary flow of the medication structure between different time groups.

[0053] In this embodiment, based on identified stable medication structures, a complete medication pattern is constructed, including core compatibility, auxiliary compatibility, and evolutionary information, forming a systematic expression of the medication experience of different schools of thought. Auxiliary medication structures are compatibility units that frequently appear alongside the core structure but have slightly lower inherent stability. Their synergistic relationship with the core medication structure reflects the school's habit of modifying and adjusting medications for specific diseases. The evolutionary information included in the medication pattern indicates the dynamic changes in the stable medication structure across different time groups, such as the addition or subtraction of medicinal ingredients, drug substitution, and dosage adjustments. This design is based on the developmental law of change within change and inheritance within change in the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine schools: medication structures are not static during inheritance but are adaptively adjusted according to the times, changes in the disease spectrum, and academic development while maintaining the core compatibility framework. The final output medication pattern not only presents the core rules of medication use within a school of thought but also reveals its historical evolution trajectory, providing a structured knowledge system with a time dimension and inheritance context for traditional Chinese medicine academic research, teaching, and clinical reference.

[0054] The method of this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0055] This embodiment uses the Wei family school of traditional Chinese medicine as the target school and night blindness as the preset disease type to provide a detailed description of the method of the present invention. The Wei family school of ophthalmology, also known as the Yanjing Wei family school of ophthalmology, has been passed down for five generations and has a history of more than one hundred years. Night blindness is one of the internal eye diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, in which the eye appears normal but vision gradually declines or even goes blind, which is equivalent to optic nerve atrophy in Western medicine.

[0056] The specific steps of this implementation example are as follows.

[0057] (1) Literature Acquisition. A database of traditional Chinese medicine ophthalmology literature was searched to obtain prescriptions for treating night blindness from physicians of the Wei school throughout history. The attribution of these prescriptions was manually verified. Each record included at least the prescription name, drug composition, description of the applicable disease or syndrome, source of the document, and date of publication. Alternative names and ancient names of the drugs were mapped to modern standard drug names to form a structured collection of prescription literature.

[0058] (2) Dividing into time groups. The lineage of the Wei family school is clear and the generations of successors can be clearly distinguished. Therefore, according to the generational grouping rule, the collection of prescription literature is divided into five time groups, corresponding to the first to fifth generations of Wei family successors. This implementation example adopts the generational grouping method, which has good applicability to the research scenario of the school with a complete lineage and clear generational boundaries.

[0059] (3) Extraction of drug structures. In each time group, the structures of single Chinese medicine, drug pairs consisting of two Chinese medicines, and drug groups consisting of three or more Chinese medicines were extracted.

[0060] (4) Stability measurement calculation. Setting α=0.4, β=0.3, and γ=0.3, first calculate the N of each drug structure. appear / N tota L span / L total and C continuous The S-values ​​of each drug structure were calculated using the stability eigenvalue calculation formula. Taking the Bupleurum-Angelica pair as an example, its N... appear / N total =1.0, L span / L total =1.0, C continuous =1.0, then the stability characteristic value S of the Bupleurum-Angelica herb pair is 1.0.

[0061] (5) Determination of stable drug use structure. Drug use structures with S>0.8 are determined as stable drug use structures. The Bupleurum-Angelica herb pair with S=1.0 is also determined as a stable drug use structure. Auxiliary drug use structures that frequently appear with stable drug use structures are determined. The Angelica-White Peony herb pair appears frequently in formulas containing Bupleurum-Angelica, with S=0.65. The frequency of occurrence is greater than the preset threshold (e.g., 50% of the total number of formulas containing stable drug use structures), and is therefore determined as an auxiliary drug use structure.

[0062] (6) Construction and output of medication model. The Weiss school of Qingyan medication model is constructed with Bupleurum-Angelica as the core stable medication structure and Angelica-White Peony as the auxiliary medication structure. The two work together to form a core compatibility system for soothing the liver and nourishing blood.

[0063] The model also labels evolutionary information: the second generation, Wei Wengui, created the Mingmu Xiaoyao San (Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Moutan bark, stir-fried Gardenia jasminoides, etc.); the third generation, Wei Yuying, modified it into the Xiaoyao San formula; and the fourth generation, Wei Qiping, optimized it into the Qingmang No. 1 formula (Bupleurum, Codonopsis pilosula, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Lycium barbarum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Citrus aurantium, Acorus tatarinowii, Ligustrum lucidum, prepared Glycyrrhiza uralensis). The core herb pair of Bupleurum-Angelica sinensis-Paeonia lactiflora is always retained; Moutan bark and Gardenia jasminoides are replaced with Ligustrum lucidum, Lycium barbarum, and Chrysanthemum morifolium, reflecting the shift in academic focus from clearing the liver to tonifying the kidneys; Bupleurum is increased from 6g to 10g, reflecting dosage adaptation. The medication model is output in the form of structured data, including stable medication structure identifiers, drug lists, occurrence markers for each time group, S-values, auxiliary medication structure lists, and evolutionary event lists.

[0064] Through the above implementation examples, it is verified that this method can systematically extract stable drug structures for treating blindness from the Weiss school of thought, fully record the evolutionary path from Mingmu Xiaoyao San to Qingmang No. 1 Formula, and realize the structured and reproducible expression of the experience of traditional Chinese medicine schools.

[0065] like Figure 2 The image shows a system for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature, according to an embodiment of this application. The system includes a literature acquisition module, a time segmentation and structure extraction module, a stability measurement module, and a pattern construction module.

[0066] The literature acquisition module is used to acquire a collection of prescription literature for a preset type of disease that belongs to the same TCM school of thought; The time segmentation and structure extraction module is used to divide the collection of prescription literature into multiple time groups based on the time attributes of the literature, and extract the drug use structure within each time group; whereby the drug use structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; The stability measurement module is used to determine the inheritance stability of each drug use structure within the target TCM school by comparing drug use structures in different time groups. The pattern construction module is used to identify the drug structure that meets the preset conditions for inheritance stability measurement as the stable drug structure of the school, and to construct the drug pattern of the target TCM school for the preset type of disease based on the stable drug structure; wherein, the drug pattern contains the evolution information of the stable drug structure over multiple time groups.

[0067] The specific steps performed by each module are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0069] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Obtain a collection of prescriptions from the same TCM school of thought that target the same type of disease; Based on the time attributes of the literature, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups, and the drug usage structure is extracted within each time group; wherein, the drug usage structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; By comparing the medication structures in different time groups, the measure of the inheritance stability of each medication structure within the target TCM school was determined. The drug structure that meets the preset conditions for the inheritance stability measurement is determined as the stable drug structure of this school of thought. Based on the stable medication structure, a medication pattern for the preset type of disease from the target TCM school is constructed.

2. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each record in the collection of prescription literature includes at least the following fields: prescription name, drug composition, description of applicable disease or syndrome, and source and date of publication.

3. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition of a collection of prescription literature targeting a preset type of disease and belonging to the same target school of traditional Chinese medicine further includes: The original literature was cleaned and standardized mapping of drug names was performed to unify drug alternative names and ancient names, forming a structured collection of prescription literature.

4. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-based attribute of the documents divides the collection of prescription documents into multiple time groups, including: According to a preset time rule, the collection of prescription literature is divided into multiple time groups; The time rules include at least one of the following: dynastic grouping, generational grouping, or medical family lineage grouping.

5. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction of the drug-containing structure within each time group includes: Extract at least one of the following types of drug structures: The structure of a single Chinese herbal medicine; The structure of a drug pair consisting of two Chinese medicinal herbs; and, A drug group consisting of three or more Chinese medicinal herbs.

6. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining the inheritance stability measure of each medication structure within the target TCM school by comparing medication structures in different time groups includes: Based on a pre-defined stability characteristic value calculation model, the stability characteristic value of each drug structure is calculated; the stability characteristic value calculation model integrates information from at least two of the following dimensions: The frequency of occurrence of the drug administration structure in multiple time groups; The time span over which the drug-using structure appeared; and... The continuity of the drug delivery structure.

7. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset stability feature value calculation model is as follows: ; Where S is the stability eigenvalue. The number of time groups in which the drug-using structure appears. This represents the total number of time groups. The time span from the first appearance to the last appearance of the drug-grade structure. The total time span covered by literature from different schools of thought. The proportion of the number of consecutive time groups of the drug-using structure to the total number of groups; The preset weighting coefficients, and .

8. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of constructing a medication pattern for the preset type of disease based on the stable medication structure further includes: Identify the adjuvant drug structure associated with the stable drug structure; The auxiliary drug structure refers to a drug structure that does not meet the preset conditions for inheritance stability measurement, but appears more frequently than a preset accompanying frequency threshold in prescription literature containing the stable drug structure. The medication mode further includes the auxiliary medication structure and its synergistic relationship with the stable medication structure.

9. The method for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medication pattern includes evolutionary information of the stable medication structure over the multiple time groups, and the evolutionary information includes at least one of the following: The record of changes in the number and amount of medicinal ingredients in the stable medication structure at different time groups; In the stable medication structure, the substitution record of drugs constituting drug pairs or drug groups; and, The trend of drug dosage adjustment is recorded in the stable medication structure.

10. A system for constructing TCM medication patterns based on historical school literature, characterized in that, include: The literature acquisition module is used to acquire a collection of prescription literature for the same target TCM school, targeting the same type of disease. The time division and structure extraction module is used to divide the collection of prescription literature into multiple time groups based on the time attributes of the literature, and extract the drug structure within each time group; wherein, the drug structure represents the combination relationship between different drugs; The stability measurement module is used to determine the inheritance stability of each medication structure within the target TCM school by comparing medication structures in different time groups. The pattern construction module is used to determine the medication structure that meets the preset conditions of the inheritance stability measurement as the stable medication structure of the school, and to construct the medication pattern of the target TCM school for the preset type of disease based on the stable medication structure; wherein, the medication pattern includes the evolution information of the stable medication structure over the multiple time groups.

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