Switching unit, relay, power distribution system, and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a switching unit, a relay, a power distribution system and a vehicle. The switching unit comprises at least two static contacts and at least two moving contacts, and the at least two static contacts and the at least two moving contacts form at least three switches. At least one moving contact has two first moving parts which move independently of each other, and the two first moving parts form switches with different static contacts respectively. The switching unit has at least four states, and in any two states, the states of at least one switch are different. Compared with the prior art, under the premise that the switching unit realizes at least four states, the number of static contacts and moving contacts forming three switches is reduced, the number of components connected with the static contacts and the moving contacts is reduced, and the number of driving components driving the moving contacts is reduced, so that the volume of the switching unit is reduced, and the volume of a switching device (for example, a relay) applying the switching unit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of relay technology, specifically relating to a switching unit, a relay, a power distribution system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A relay is an electronic control device that has a control system (also known as an input circuit) and a controlled system (also known as an output circuit), and is commonly used in automatic control circuits. Essentially, a relay is an "automatic switch" that uses a smaller current to control a larger current, playing roles in automatic adjustment, safety protection, and circuit switching within a circuit.

[0003] In related technologies, relays are equipped with stationary contacts and moving contacts. The moving contact has a movable contact point that can make or separate from the stationary contact. By setting multiple stationary contacts and multiple moving contacts, and controlling the contact or separation between the moving contact and the stationary contact, the circuit connection method can be switched.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to achieve the switching of four or more switch states, at least three independent contact assemblies containing moving and stationary contacts are usually used. The number of contact assemblies and the number of parts connected to the contact assemblies are both large. Therefore, there are problems such as the large overall size of the switching device (such as the relay), low installation efficiency, and difficulty in controlling the cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to provide a switching unit, relay, power distribution system, and vehicle that can solve the problem of the large number of existing contact components and the large number of parts connected to the contact components.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a switching unit, including at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts, wherein the at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts form at least three switches; At least one of the moving contacts has two independently moving first moving parts, and the two first moving parts respectively form the switch with different stationary contacts; The switching unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one of the switches is in a different state.

[0007] In this embodiment, by providing at least one moving contact with two independently moving first moving parts, each of the two first moving parts forms two switches with different stationary contacts, the moving contact simultaneously forms two switches with different stationary contacts. Based on this, at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts can form at least three switches, that is, two stationary contacts and two moving contacts can form three switches. The switch unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one switch has a different state. Compared to the prior art, which requires three contact components (three stationary contacts and three moving contacts) to form at least three switches, this embodiment reduces the number of stationary and moving contacts required to form three switches, the number of components connected to the stationary and moving contacts, and the number of driving components for the moving contacts, thus reducing the size of the switch unit and the size of the switching device (e.g., a relay) using this switch unit. Simultaneously, the reduced number of components also improves installation efficiency and appropriately reduces component costs. Furthermore, by providing at least one moving contact with two independently moving first moving parts, each of which forms two switches with different stationary contacts, the moving contact simultaneously forms two switches with different stationary contacts. This allows the moving contact to share a common conductive portion, enabling the two switches to share a single lead terminal. This simplifies the external connection structure of the switch unit, reduces copper loss, decreases the conductor length of the moving contact forming the two switches, reduces the amount of conductor used, lowers the cost of the moving contact, and reduces the overall cost of the switch unit, thereby reducing the cost of switching devices (such as relays) using this switch unit. Additionally, the two first moving parts can be installed using only one moving contact, eliminating the need for separate installation and simplifying the process.

[0008] In some embodiments, at least four states include five states.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least two stationary contacts include a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact, and at least two movable contacts include a first movable contact and a second movable contact; The first moving contact has two first moving parts, one of which forms a first switch with the first stationary contact, and the other of which forms a second switch with the second stationary contact; The second moving contact has a second moving part, and the second stationary contact also forms a third switch with the second moving part.

[0010] In some embodiments, one first moving part approaches or moves away from the first stationary contact member along a first direction, another first moving part approaches or moves away from the second stationary contact member along the first direction, and the second moving part approaches or moves away from the second stationary contact member along the first direction; and / or, The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact are spaced apart along a first direction, and the first movable contact is located between the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact along the first direction. The first movable contact and the second movable contact are spaced apart along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, at most one of the first switch and the second switch is in a closed state; and / or, At most one of the third and second switches can be in a closed state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching unit includes a driving component, which includes a rotating element; The states of the first, second, and third switches change according to the rotation of the rotating component; and / or, The rotating parts are made of materials including copper or stainless steel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rotating member are selected from at least four states.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switching unit has a first state, wherein the first switch and the third switch are both closed and the second switch is open; and The second state is characterized by both the first and third switches being open and the second switch being closed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching unit further has a third state, wherein the first switch is closed and both the second and third switches are open; and The fourth state is characterized by both the first and second switches being open and the third switch being closed; and The fifth state is when the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all open.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second state, the fifth state, and the first state are arranged sequentially along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member.

[0017] In some embodiments, the third state, the first state, and the fourth state are arranged sequentially along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second state, the fifth state, the third state, the first state, and the fourth state are arranged sequentially along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member.

[0019] In some embodiments, along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating member, both the first switch and the second switch are offset from the third switch; and / or, Along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating component, the positions of the first switch and the second switch relative to the rotating component are the same.

[0020] In some embodiments, the drive assembly further includes a pusher, which is rotatably configured. Two first moving parts and a second moving part are respectively connected to different pushers. The pusher drives the corresponding first moving part based on the rotation of the rotator, or drives the corresponding second moving part based on the rotation of the rotator.

[0021] In some embodiments, the switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The pusher includes a first section, a second section, and a middle section. The middle section is rotatably configured. The first and second sections are respectively connected to the two ends of the middle section. The first section is connected to the corresponding moving part. The second section rotates based on the rotation of the rotatable component, thereby driving the corresponding moving part to move through the corresponding first section. B. The materials used to manufacture the pusher components include metal materials; C. The conductivity of the pushing component is less than that of the moving contact component.

[0022] In some embodiments, the switching unit further includes elastic elements, and each pusher is correspondingly connected to a different elastic element. The elastic element applies a force to the corresponding pusher to close the corresponding first switch, second switch, or third switch; and The first and second switches are switched to open by driving the corresponding first moving part through a rotating member and a corresponding pushing member, and the third switch is switched to open by driving the second moving part through a rotating member and a corresponding pushing member.

[0023] In some embodiments, the switching unit further includes elastic elements, and each pusher is correspondingly connected to a different elastic element. The elastic element applies a force to the corresponding pusher to open the corresponding first switch, second switch, or third switch; and The first and second switches are switched to closed by a rotating member and a corresponding pushing member driving the corresponding first moving part, and the third switch is switched to closed by a rotating member and a corresponding pushing member driving the second moving part.

[0024] In some embodiments, the connection position between the elastic member and the corresponding pusher is a first position, and the connection position between the pusher and the corresponding moving part is a second position, with the first and second positions located on opposite sides of the rotation center of the pusher; and / or, The connection position between the rotating component and the corresponding pushing component is the third position, and the connection position between the pushing component and the corresponding moving part is the second position. The second and third positions are located on both sides of the rotation center of the pushing component.

[0025] In some embodiments, at least one of the first moving contact and the second moving contact is designated as the target moving contact. The target moving contact includes a fixed part, a flexible part, and a corresponding moving part, with the flexible part connecting the fixed part and the corresponding moving part.

[0026] In some embodiments, the flexible part includes multiple conductive sheets, which are stacked at intervals along the thickness direction, and each conductive sheet is connected to a fixed part and a corresponding moving part.

[0027] In some embodiments, the flexible portion includes a bending section, which is bent so that portions located on both sides of the bending section can increase the contact pressure between the corresponding moving portion and the corresponding stationary contact based on the electromagnetic field induced by the current guided by each portion.

[0028] In some embodiments, the flexible portion further includes a first flexible segment, the two ends of which are respectively connected to a corresponding moving portion and a bending segment in a third direction; and / or, The flexible part also includes a second flexible segment, which connects the bending segment and the fixing part at its two ends along a third direction.

[0029] In some embodiments, the fixing part includes a fixing plate and a support plate, the support plate being connected to one end of the fixing plate near the stationary contact member, and the second flexible segment being connected to one end of the support plate away from the fixing plate.

[0030] In some embodiments, at least one of the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact is designated as a target stationary contact. The target stationary contact includes an extension portion and a contact portion. The contact portion is connected to one end of the extension portion near the fixed portion and is capable of contacting or separating from the corresponding moving portion.

[0031] In some embodiments, the switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The contact portion of the second stationary contact is provided with a first contact and a second contact. The first contact can contact or separate from the first moving part, and the second contact can contact or separate from the second moving part. B. The lead-out portion of the first stationary contact, the fixing portion of the first movable contact, and the lead-out portion of the second stationary contact are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the fixing portion of the first movable contact is located between the lead-out portion of the first stationary contact and the lead-out portion of the second stationary contact. C. The fixing parts of the first moving contact and the fixing parts of the second moving contact are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0032] In some embodiments, the switching unit further includes a housing, with each fixing portion and each lead-out portion exposed on the same side of the housing.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact are spaced apart along a first direction, wherein one first moving part moves closer to or further away from the first stationary contact along the first direction, and the other first moving part moves closer to or further away from the second stationary contact along the first direction; The first moving contact and the second moving contact are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the second moving part moves closer to or further away from the second stationary contact along the first direction. Each fixing part and each lead-out part is exposed on the same side of the housing along a third direction, with the first direction, the second direction and the third direction being perpendicular to each other.

[0034] In some embodiments, the switching unit further includes a housing, the housing having a first support portion, the first support portion abutting against the side of the contact portion opposite to the fixing portion along a first direction; and / or, The fixing part includes a fixing plate and a support plate. The fixing plate is exposed outside the housing, and the support plate is connected to the end of the fixing plate near the stationary contact. The housing is provided with a second support part, which abuts against the side of the support plate away from the stationary contact in the first direction.

[0035] In some embodiments, at least one of the first moving part and the second moving part is designated as the target moving part, and the target moving part includes at least two sub-moving parts, which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the target moving part. When the first stationary contact is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part, the contact gaps between at least two sub-moving parts and the first stationary contact are different; and / or, When the second stationary contact is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part, the contact gap between at least two sub-moving parts and the second stationary contact is different.

[0036] In some embodiments, the switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The stationary contact component is a one-piece structure; B. The moving contact is a one-piece structure; C. The materials used to manufacture static contacts include copper or copper alloys; D. The materials used to manufacture the moving contacts include copper or copper alloys.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a relay including the switching unit of the first aspect.

[0038] Thirdly, embodiments of this application propose a power distribution system, including a first power source, a second power source, two circuit connection terminals, and a relay in the second aspect. At least two stationary contacts include a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact, and at least two moving contacts include a first moving contact and a second moving contact. The first moving contact has two first moving parts; one first moving part forms a first switch with the first stationary contact, and the other first moving part forms a second switch with the second stationary contact. The second moving contact has a second moving part, and the second stationary contact further forms a third switch with the second moving part. The first switch is configured to connect the first power supply to two circuit terminals; The third switch is configured to connect the second power supply to the two circuit terminals; The second switch is configured to connect the first power supply and the second power supply in series and to the two circuit connection terminals.

[0039] In this embodiment, a first switch of the relay connects a first power source to two circuit connection terminals, allowing the first power source to be connected to the circuit independently. A third switch connects a second power source to two circuit connection terminals, allowing the second power source to be connected to the circuit independently. A second switch connects the first and second power sources in series and to the two circuit connection terminals, allowing the first and second power sources to be connected in series in the circuit. By controlling the states of the first, second, and third switches, the specific connection of the first and second power sources to the power distribution system can be controlled, thereby achieving power switching. Furthermore, since the power distribution system includes the relay of the above embodiment, it possesses the beneficial effects of a relay, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has the following two configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and the first and third switches being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first and third switches being open.

[0041] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has the following four configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and the first and third switches being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first and third switches being open. The third configuration state is characterized by the first switch being closed and the second and third switches being open. The fourth configuration state is characterized by the third switch being closed and the first and second switches being open.

[0042] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has the following five configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and the first and third switches being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first and third switches being open. The third configuration state is characterized by the first switch being closed and the second and third switches being open. The fourth configuration state is characterized by the third switch being closed and the first and second switches being open. The fifth configuration state is when the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all off.

[0043] Fourthly, embodiments of this application propose a vehicle including the power distribution system described in the third aspect.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the moving and stationary contacts in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional structure of the first movable contact element according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the first movable contact element according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first movable contact in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second stationary contact element according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching unit according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the switching unit according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching unit in another direction according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pusher component according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the pusher and the moving part according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cam according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cam according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the switching position of the switching unit in the first state from two different perspectives, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the switching position of the switching unit in the second state from two different perspectives, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the switch position of the switch unit in the third state from two different perspectives, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the switch position of the switch unit in the fourth state from two different perspectives, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the switch position of the switch unit in the fifth state from two different perspectives, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure label: 10. First stationary contact; 11. Lead-out portion; 12. Contact portion; 121. First contact point; 122. Second contact point; 20. Second stationary contact; 30. First moving contact; 31. Fixing portion; 311. Fixing plate; 312. Support plate; 32. First moving portion; 33. Flexible portion; 331. Conductive sheet; 33a. First flexible segment; 33b. Bending segment; 33c. Second flexible segment; 40. Second moving contact; 41. Second moving portion; 50. Housing; 51. First support portion; 52. Second support portion; 60. Drive assembly; 61. Rotating shaft; 62. First cam; 621. First 622. First concave area; 623. Second convex area; 624. Second concave area; 63. Second cam; 631. Third convex area; 632. Third concave area; 64. Pushing member; 64a. Rotation axis; 641. First segment; 6411. First pushing part; 6412. Second pushing part; 642. Second segment; 643. Middle segment; 644. Abutting protrusion; 70. Elastic member; K1. First switch; K2. Second switch; K3. Third switch; 81. First power supply; 82. Second power supply; 83. Circuit connection terminal; X. First direction; Y. Second direction; Z. Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the switching unit, relay, power distribution system, and vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application through specific implementations and application scenarios.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a switching unit including at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts, which together form at least three switches; at least one moving contact has two independently moving first moving parts 32, which respectively form switches with different stationary contacts; the switching unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one switch has a different state.

[0053] It should be noted that the state of a switching unit refers to the set of open and closed states of multiple switches. For example, taking three switches as an example, it could be one open and two closed, two open and one closed, or all three open, etc. The state of a switch, on the other hand, refers to the open or closed state of a single switch.

[0054] Understandably, the switching unit also includes a housing 50, and the moving contact has a portion exposed outside the housing 50 (e.g., a fixing portion 31). The exposed portion forms a lead-out terminal, facilitating connection between the moving contact and an external circuit. Similarly, the stationary contact also has a portion exposed outside the housing 50.

[0055] It is understood that both the moving and stationary contacts are made of conductors to achieve electrical conductivity. For example, the conductors can be materials with good electrical conductivity, such as pure copper or copper alloys. The housing 50 is generally made of insulating materials, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide, or nylon (PA), which have good insulation and strength. Of course, the materials used for the moving contacts, stationary contacts, and housing 50 can be flexibly chosen according to actual circumstances, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0056] In this embodiment, by providing at least one moving contact with two independently moving first moving parts 32, each of the two first moving parts 32 forms two switches with different stationary contacts, the moving contact simultaneously forms two switches with different stationary contacts. The two first moving parts 32 move independently, decoupling their movements and ensuring that their movements do not affect each other. Each first moving part 32 can independently close or open with its corresponding stationary contact, facilitating multiple states for the switch unit. Based on this, at least three switches can be formed by providing at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts; that is, two stationary contacts and two moving contacts can form three switches. The switch unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one switch has a different state. Compared to existing technologies that require three contact components (three stationary contacts and three moving contacts) to form at least three switches, this application reduces the number of stationary and moving contacts required to form three switches, while still allowing the switch unit to achieve at least four states. It also reduces the number of components connected to the stationary and moving contacts, as well as the number of driving components for the moving contacts. This reduces the size of the switch unit and consequently, the size of the switching device (e.g., a relay) using this switch unit. Furthermore, the reduced number of components improves installation efficiency and appropriately lowers component costs. Moreover, by providing at least one moving contact with two independently moving first moving parts 32, each of which forms two switches with different stationary contacts, this allows the moving contact to simultaneously form two switches with different stationary contacts. This provides the moving contact with a shared conductive portion, allowing the two switches to share a single lead terminal. This simplifies the external connection structure of the switch unit, reduces copper loss, decreases the conductor length of the moving contacts forming the two switches, reduces precious metal consumption, lowers the cost of the moving contacts, reduces the overall cost of the switch unit, and consequently, reduces the cost of the switching device (e.g., a relay) using this switch unit. In addition, the two first moving parts 32 can be installed by installing a single moving contact, eliminating the need for separate installation and simplifying the process.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the switching unit includes at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts, which together form at least three switches. For example, two stationary contacts and two moving contacts form three switches. The three switches are respectively... Figure 1 The first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 are in the middle.

[0058] The switching unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one switch has a different state, allowing the switching unit to switch between the four states to suit different power consumption scenarios. For example, the switching unit may have the following states: one switch closed and the rest open, two switches closed and the rest open, all switches fully closed, and all switches fully open. The at least four states of the switching unit can be flexibly set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at least one moving contact has two independently moving first moving parts 32, and the two first moving parts 32 form a switch with different stationary contacts. The two first moving parts 32 move independently of each other and do not affect each other, which provides favorable conditions for the switching unit to have more states.

[0060] In some embodiments, the movement directions of the two first moving parts 32 can be the same direction or intersecting different directions, which can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the two first moving parts 32 form two switches with different stationary contacts respectively. These two switches share a portion of the conductor of the moving contact, thereby reducing the conductor length of the moving contact that forms the two switches and thus reducing the consumption of precious metals.

[0062] For example, these two switches can share the external terminal in the moving contact used for external circuits. This reduces conductor length and simplifies the external circuitry, reducing the number of wiring steps. A single connection to this external terminal allows both switches to be connected to the external circuit, saving installation time and space.

[0063] In some embodiments, at least four states include five states, increasing the number of states of the switching unit, so that the switching unit can have more states and can be applied to switching devices and power consumption scenarios with more state requirements.

[0064] Of course, the five states of the switching unit can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, at least two stationary contacts include a first stationary contact 10 and a second stationary contact 20, and at least two moving contacts include a first moving contact 30 and a second moving contact 40; the first moving contact 30 has two first moving parts 32, one of which forms a first switch K1 with the first stationary contact 10, and the other of which forms a second switch K2 with the second stationary contact 20; the second moving contact 40 has a second moving part 41, and the second stationary contact 20 also forms a third switch K3 with the second moving part 41.

[0066] In this embodiment, one first moving part 32 of the first moving contact 30 forms a first switch K1 with the first stationary contact 10, and the other first moving part 32 of the first moving contact 30 forms a second switch K2 with the second stationary contact 20. The second stationary contact 20 also forms a third switch K3 with the second moving part 41, thus forming three switches through two stationary contacts and two moving contacts. The first switch K1 and the second switch K2 share a portion of the conductor of the first moving contact 30, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 share a portion of the conductor of the second stationary contact 20. This ensures that both the moving and stationary contacts share a portion of their conductors, further reducing conductor length, precious metal consumption, and cost. Furthermore, it makes external connection of the switch unit more convenient, especially suitable for multiple conductive circuits with common terminals.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, one of the first moving parts 32 moves closer to or further away from the first stationary contact 10 along the first direction X, the other first moving part 32 moves closer to or further away from the second stationary contact 20 along the first direction X, and the second moving part 41 moves closer to or further away from the second stationary contact 20 along the first direction X.

[0068] In this embodiment, by setting both first moving parts 32 to move closer to or further away from the corresponding stationary contact along the first direction X, the two first moving parts 32 move in the same direction. In this case, the component that drives the two first moving parts 32 (e.g., the pusher 64 mentioned later) can also be arranged along the first direction X, and the movement direction of the part of the two pushers 64 used to drive the corresponding first moving parts 32 tends to be consistent (e.g., it can be the first direction X or close to the first direction X), providing conditions for using one component to drive the two pushers 64 to move. Furthermore, by setting the second moving part 41 to move closer to or further away from the corresponding stationary contact along the first direction X, the movement direction of the component that drives the second moving part 41 (e.g., the pusher 64 mentioned later) tends to be consistent with the movement direction of the component that drives the first moving part 32 (e.g., it can be the first direction X or close to the first direction X), which facilitates the driving of the pushers 64 corresponding to the two first moving parts 32 and the pushers 64 corresponding to the second moving part 41 through a single driving mechanism (e.g., using a rotating component to drive three pushers 64). In addition, the two first moving parts 32 move along the first direction X, so that the two first moving parts 32 can be set as close as possible to one side of the first moving contact 30 (e.g., the fixed part 31) along the third direction Z. This makes it convenient for each stationary contact and each moving contact to be led out along the third direction Z. In this way, the movement direction of the first moving part 32 is not in the same direction as the lead-out direction of each stationary contact and each moving contact, making full use of the space in each direction and avoiding occupying too much space in one direction, which is conducive to miniaturization. At the same time, the total height of the first moving part 32 along the third direction Z can also be appropriately reduced, which is conducive to shortening the height of the first moving part 32, reducing the length of the conductor (e.g., copper) required for the entire first moving contact 30, reducing the consumption of precious metals, and reducing costs.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20 are spaced apart along the first direction X, the first moving contact 30 is located between the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20 along the first direction X, and the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0070] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the switching unit has a first direction X, a second direction Y, and a third direction Z that are perpendicular to each other. The first direction X can be the length direction of the switching unit (or housing 50), the second direction Y can be the width direction of the switching unit (or housing 50), and the third direction Z can be the height direction of the switching unit (or housing 50).

[0071] In this embodiment, by setting the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20 at intervals along the first direction X, the movement of the two first moving parts 32 and the second moving part 41 can be adapted, making reasonable use of space and reducing the space required by the first moving parts 32 and the second moving parts 41, resulting in a more compact structure. Furthermore, the first moving contact 30 is located between the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20 along the first direction X, and the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, such that in the first direction X, the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40 are located in the middle of the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20. This facilitates placing the aforementioned driving mechanism between the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20, thereby achieving the driving of the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40, which helps save space. Furthermore, when both the first moving parts 32 and the second moving parts 41 move relative to the first stationary contact 10 along the first direction, the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40 are located in the middle of the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20. This also makes the drive mechanism for driving the first moving contact 30 and the second moving contact 40 more compact in the first direction X, and the size can be made smaller, which further facilitates miniaturization.

[0072] It should be noted that the movement of the first moving part 32 along the first direction X means that the first moving part 32 can move in a straight line or move approximately along the first direction X. For example, the first moving part 32 can swing. When the first moving part 32 swings, the swing axis can extend along the second direction Y. The central angle corresponding to the arc motion trajectory of the first moving part 32 can be set to be relatively small, so that the arc motion trajectory is close to a straight line and the arc motion trajectory extends approximately along the first direction X. Similarly, the movement of the second moving part 41 along the first direction X is understood in the same way.

[0073] The specific movement types of the first moving part 32 and the second moving part 41 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0074] In some embodiments, the switching unit includes a drive assembly 60, which includes a rotating member; wherein the states of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 change according to the rotation of the rotating member.

[0075] In this embodiment, the states of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 change according to the rotation of the rotating component, allowing the rotating component to drive the three switches to switch states. Only one driving component needs to be connected to the rotating component. This eliminates the need for a separate driving component for each switch, reducing the number of driving components, simplifying the driving structure, and lowering costs. Furthermore, by using the rotation of the rotating component to achieve state switching, the states of the switch units are mutually locked, preventing confusion even during vibrations and thus avoiding dangers such as short circuits caused by incorrect opening or closing of some switches.

[0076] Understandably, the driving component of the rotating part can be a motor, which is more convenient for achieving rotational drive. Moreover, the motor can be electrically connected to an external control system, making it easier to achieve automatic control.

[0077] Specifically, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the rotating component may include a rotating shaft 61 and a cam. The rotating shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the housing 50 and is connected to the driving component. The cam is fixed relative to the rotating shaft 61. The rotating shaft 61 can drive the cam to rotate, and the cam drives three switches to switch states.

[0078] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the rotating component (e.g., the shaft 61) is made of copper or stainless steel, which increases the structural strength of the rotating component and enables it to withstand greater torque. Of course, the rotating component may also be made of other materials, which can be flexibly set according to actual conditions, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0079] In some embodiments, the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rotating member are selected from at least four states.

[0080] In this embodiment, the rotating component can switch between different states by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, making the state switching path more flexible. Furthermore, in actual operation, the nearest switching path can be selected based on the current state, shortening the switching time, reducing the driving source's operating time, and lowering power consumption.

[0081] In certain application scenarios, such as the use of this switching unit in the power distribution system of new energy vehicles, the power distribution system is equipped with dual power sources (e.g., a power battery pack) and requires series-parallel switching. In such application scenarios, such as... Figure 18As shown, the first switch K1 allows the first power supply 81 to be connected to the circuit independently, the third switch K3 allows the second power supply 82 to be connected to the circuit independently, and the second switch K2 allows the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 to be connected in series and parallel to the circuit. In this way, by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3, the series-parallel switching of the two power supplies in the entire power distribution system can be controlled, or only the other power supply can be connected when one power supply fails.

[0082] In some embodiments, at most one of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 is in a closed state; and / or, at most one of the third switch K3 and the second switch K2 is in a closed state, so as to adapt to the application scenarios of the power distribution system of the new energy vehicles listed above.

[0083] In this embodiment, by setting at most one of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to a closed state, that is, by preventing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 from closing simultaneously, short circuits in the external circuit are avoided, such as preventing a short circuit in the second power supply 82, thus ensuring circuit safety. Similarly, by setting at most one of the third switch K3 and the second switch K2 to a closed state, that is, by preventing the third switch K3 and the second switch K2 from closing simultaneously, short circuits in the external circuit are avoided, such as preventing a short circuit in the first power supply 81, thus ensuring circuit safety. Through the above settings, short circuits in the power distribution system are avoided, ensuring the safe operation of the power distribution system.

[0084] Of course, the state types of the aforementioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and are not limited to the power distribution systems of new energy vehicles.

[0085] In some embodiments, taking the application of this switching unit in the aforementioned power distribution system of a new energy vehicle as an example, such as... Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the switch unit has a first state, in which the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are both closed and the second switch K2 is open; and a second state, in which the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are both open and the second switch K2 is closed.

[0086] In this embodiment, by setting the first state of the switching unit to have both the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 closed and the second switch K2 open, the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 can be connected to the circuit in parallel, suitable for scenarios requiring low-voltage charging / discharging. Simultaneously, by setting the second state of the switching unit to have both the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 open and the second switch K2 closed, the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 can be connected to the circuit in series, suitable for scenarios requiring high-voltage charging / discharging. Thus, by switching the switching unit between the first and second states, the two power supplies in the power distribution system can be switched between series and parallel operation, suitable for different scenarios.

[0087] Of course, the state types of the aforementioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and are not limited to the power distribution systems of new energy vehicles.

[0088] In some embodiments, taking the application of this switching unit in the aforementioned power distribution system of a new energy vehicle as an example, such as... Figure 15 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the switch unit also has a third state, in which the first switch K1 is closed and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are both open; a fourth state, in which the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are both open and the third switch K3 is closed; and a fifth state, in which the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are all open.

[0089] In this embodiment, by setting the third state of the switching unit to a state where the first switch K1 is closed and both the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open, the first power supply 81 is connected to the circuit alone, while the second power supply 82 is not connected. This is suitable for scenarios where the second power supply 82 fails or requires isolation. By setting the fourth state of the switching unit to a state where both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open and the third switch K3 is closed, the second power supply 82 is connected to the circuit alone, while the first power supply 81 is not connected. This is also suitable for scenarios where the first power supply 81 fails or requires isolation. By setting the fifth state of the switching unit to a state where all three switches are open, neither the first power supply 81 nor the second power supply 82 is connected to the circuit, thus achieving power outage of the power distribution system. This is suitable for scenarios such as long-term vehicle parking or maintenance. Moreover, by setting the switching unit to switch between the third, fourth, and fifth states, the power distribution system can select the appropriate state for matching according to the actual situation. For example, in the case of a failure of the first power supply 81, the switching unit can be switched to the fourth state, using the second power supply 82 alone for power supply.

[0090] Of course, the state types of the aforementioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and are not limited to the power distribution systems of new energy vehicles.

[0091] In some embodiments, taking the application of this switching unit in the aforementioned power distribution system of a new energy vehicle as an example, such as... Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 17 As shown, along one of the rotation directions of the rotating component, the second state (series state), the fifth state (completely disconnected), and the first state (parallel state) are arranged sequentially.

[0092] In this embodiment, by sequentially setting the second state (series state), the fifth state (fully disconnected), and the first state (parallel state) in the same rotation direction, the switching between series and parallel must pass through the fully disconnected state to cut off the current in the circuit. This ensures that there is no instantaneous crossing between series and parallel states during the switching process, avoids short circuits or large current surges during the switching process, and protects the circuit safety.

[0093] It is understood that one of the rotation directions of the rotating component can be clockwise or counterclockwise, and can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0094] Of course, the order of state types of the above-mentioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and is not limited to the power distribution system of new energy vehicles.

[0095] In some embodiments, taking the application of this switching unit in the aforementioned power distribution system of a new energy vehicle as an example, such as... Figure 13 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, along one of the rotation directions of the rotating component, the third state (first switch K1 closed alone), the first state (first switch K1 and third switch K3 closed simultaneously) and the fourth state (third switch K3 closed alone) are arranged sequentially.

[0096] It is understandable that in the power distribution system of the new energy vehicle mentioned above, the first state is the normal state of the power distribution system, that is, the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 are used in parallel.

[0097] In this embodiment, by sequentially setting the third state (first switch K1 closed alone), the first state (first switch K1 and third switch K3 closed simultaneously), and the fourth state (third switch K3 closed alone) in the same rotation direction, the switching unit can quickly switch from the first state to the fourth state when one of the power supplies fails (e.g., the first power supply 81 fails). This avoids the situation where the switching unit must first switch to the third state before switching to the fourth state, thereby preventing the faulty power supply from being connected to the circuit alone or quickly shortening the time the faulty power supply is connected to the circuit. Moreover, by closing the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 one by one, a chain start can be formed, making it easier to troubleshoot the fault point and improving the ability to avoid risks. For example, by first closing the first switch K1 and checking the state of the circuit, it can be determined whether the first power supply 81 corresponding to the first switch K1 is faulty; then by closing the third switch K3 and checking the state of the circuit, it can be determined whether the second power supply 82 corresponding to the third switch K3 is faulty. In this way, the fault location can be quickly determined based on the closing of the switches, which is beneficial for rapid fault diagnosis and risk avoidance.

[0098] Of course, the order of state types of the above-mentioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and is not limited to the power distribution system of new energy vehicles.

[0099] In some embodiments, taking the application of this switching unit in the aforementioned power distribution system of a new energy vehicle as an example, such as... Figures 13 to 17 As shown, along one of the rotation directions of the rotating component, the second state, the fifth state, the third state, the first state, and the fourth state are arranged sequentially.

[0100] In this embodiment, by arranging the second state, the fifth state, the third state, the first state, and the fourth state sequentially along the same rotation direction, the above two sorting types can be combined, thereby possessing the beneficial effects of the above two sorting types, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0101] Of course, the order of state types of the above-mentioned switching units can also be applied to other scenarios, and is not limited to the power distribution system of new energy vehicles.

[0102] In some embodiments, the cam includes a first cam 62 and a second cam 63, the first cam 62 drives a first switch K1 and a second switch K2, and the second cam 63 drives a third switch K3.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first cam 62 drives the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, and the second cam 63 drives the third switch K3, thus distributing the driving function of the same cam to both the first cam 62 and the second cam 63. Compared to having three switches driven by separate cams, this method, where two switches are driven by the same cam, reduces the number of cams and the space required for cam installation. Furthermore, compared to having three switches driven by the same cam simultaneously, the two-cam method allows for more switchable space on the outer periphery of each cam, facilitating more state transitions and more efficient space utilization. During the design process, the first cam 62 only needs to consider the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, and the second cam 63 only needs to consider the third switch K3, avoiding the need to consider all three switches simultaneously using a single cam, thus reducing design complexity.

[0104] Specifically, such as Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the first cam 62 and the second cam 63 are fixedly arranged relative to the rotating shaft 61.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first cam 62 and the second cam 63 have different shapes.

[0106] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the shapes of the first cam 62 and the second cam 63 to be different, they can be adapted to the switches they drive respectively. That is, the first cam 62 is adapted to the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, and the second cam 63 is adapted to the third switch K3, and the sorting of the aforementioned states is realized.

[0107] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 13 As shown, along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating component (i.e., the second direction Y), the position of the first switch K1 relative to the rotating component and the position of the second switch K2 relative to the rotating component are the same.

[0108] It should be noted that along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating component (i.e., the second direction Y), the position of the first switch K1 relative to the rotating component and the position of the second switch K2 relative to the rotating component are the same. However, in the circumferential direction of the rotating component, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are spaced apart from each other. During the rotation of the rotating component, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 will not interfere with each other or collide.

[0109] In one specific embodiment, the orthographic projections of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 along the first direction X at least partially overlap.

[0110] In this embodiment, by setting the positions of the first switch K1 relative to the rotating component (actually the first cam 62) and the second switch K2 relative to the rotating component (actually the first cam 62) to be consistent, and specifically, the orthographic projections of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 along the first direction X at least partially overlap, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be driven by a component (i.e., the first cam 62) at the same location on the rotating component. This allows the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be triggered simultaneously or in a preset sequence according to a preset trajectory, thereby preventing misoperation and reducing the risk of short circuits. Furthermore, driving the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 with the same component also reduces the number of parts, facilitating miniaturization. Additionally, the above arrangement can reduce the total width of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 along the second direction Y. Since the first cam 62 simultaneously drives the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, the adaptability of the total width of the first cam 62 is reduced, thereby reducing the width of the entire switch unit along the second direction Y, which is beneficial for miniaturization.

[0111] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 13 As shown, the drive assembly 60 also includes a pusher 64, which is rotatably configured. The two first moving parts 32 and the second moving part 41 are respectively connected to different pushers 64. The pusher 64 drives the first moving part 32 based on the rotation of the rotating part, or drives the second moving part 41 based on the rotation of the rotating part.

[0112] It is understandable that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 13 As shown, the two first moving parts 32 are each connected to two different pushers 64, and the second moving part 41 is connected to another pusher 64. The pushers 64 are rotatably connected to the housing 50. That is, the drive assembly 60 includes three pushers 64, which are respectively connected to the two first moving parts 32 and the second moving part 41, so that the three pushers 64 drive the three switches respectively.

[0113] In this embodiment, the pusher 64 is rotatably configured. The pusher 64 corresponding to the first moving part 32 is connected to the first cam 62 in the rotating part, and can rotate based on the rotation of the first cam 62. The pusher 64 corresponding to the second moving part 41 is connected to the second cam 63 in the rotating part, and can rotate based on the rotation of the second cam 63. Moreover, the two first moving parts 32 are driven by the same first cam 62, reducing the number of cams and components. In this way, the movement trajectory of the pusher 64 is a defined arc. Compared with other connection methods (such as sliding connection), the rotatable configuration results in less friction and wear between the pusher 64 and the housing 50, and the operation is smoother and more reliable. In addition, by changing the specific connection position between the pusher 64 and the corresponding cam, the driving arm can be changed. This allows for extending the driving arm while maintaining the contact pressure between the moving part and the stationary contact, thereby driving the pusher 64 with a smaller driving force and reducing driving power consumption.

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotation axis 64a of the pusher 64 extends along the second direction Y. The circular motion of a part of the pusher 64 (e.g., the first paragraph 641 below) can be regarded as approximately the motion along the first direction X, thereby realizing the circular drive of the moving part.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the pusher 64 includes a first segment 641, a second segment 642 and an intermediate segment 643. The intermediate segment 643 is rotatably configured. The first segment 641 and the second segment 642 are respectively connected to the two ends of the intermediate segment 643. The first segment 641 is connected to the corresponding moving part. The second segment 642 rotates based on the rotation of the rotator, and then drives the corresponding moving part to move through the corresponding first segment 641.

[0116] In this embodiment, by setting the middle section 643 of the pusher 64 to rotate, the entire pusher 64 forms a lever structure. The first section 641 of the pusher 64 is connected to the corresponding moving part, and the second section 642 of the pusher 64 cooperates with the corresponding cam, enabling it to rotate based on the rotation of the corresponding cam. This forms a transmission chain of cam-second section 642-middle section 643-first section 641-moving part, thereby introducing driving force to the moving part and causing it to rotate. Since the second section 642 is located on the opposite side of the rotation center compared to the first section 641, there is sufficient space to extend the driving arm by adjusting the force-bearing position of the second section 642 and the cam, thereby reducing the driving force and lowering the driving power consumption. Moreover, the first section 641, as the part connecting the moving part, and the second section 642, as the part connecting the cam, form functionally defined parts, facilitating the transmission of external driving force to the moving part.

[0117] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first segment 641, the second segment 642 and the middle segment 643 are connected to form a straight structure, which makes the structure of the entire pusher 64 simple and easy to manufacture.

[0118] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first segment 641 has a first pushing part 6411 and a second pushing part 6412. The first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412 are spaced apart along a first direction X. The upper limit of the moving part in the first direction X is located between the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412.

[0119] It is understandable that the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412 are spaced apart along the first direction X. For example, the first pushing part 6411 may be located between the second pushing part 6412 and the stationary contact.

[0120] In this embodiment, by arranging the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412 at intervals along the first direction X, the moving part can be confined between the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412 in the first direction X. During the rotation of the first segment 641 towards the stationary contact, the second pushing part 6412 can push the moving part towards the stationary contact until the moving part contacts the stationary contact, and the second pushing part 6412 also applies a force to the moving part, thereby ensuring the contact pressure between the moving part and the stationary contact. During the rotation of the first segment 641 away from the stationary contact, the first pushing part 6411 can push the moving part away from the stationary contact.

[0121] It should be noted that although the first pushing part 6411 is located between the moving part and the stationary contact, the moving part can still contact the stationary contact. Specifically, this can be achieved using the following structures: for example, the first pushing part 6411 has a clearance opening, allowing the contact of the moving part to extend out of the first pushing part 6411 through the clearance opening, thus enabling the contact of the moving part to contact the stationary contact; or the first pushing part 6411 has a clearance opening, allowing the contact of the stationary contact to extend into the first pushing part 6411 through the clearance opening, thus enabling the contact of the stationary contact to contact the moving part; or the first pushing part 6411 has a clearance opening, and both the moving part and the stationary contact are provided with contacts, allowing the contacts of the moving part and the stationary contact to contact each other through the clearance opening.

[0122] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, forming an installation space between them, and the moving part is disposed in this installation space.

[0123] In some embodiments, the moving part is inserted between the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412. The moving part is not fixedly connected to either the first pushing part 6411 or the second pushing part 6412, facilitating connection between the moving part and the first segment 641. During installation, the moving part is simply inserted between the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412.

[0124] In other embodiments, the moving part is located between the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412, and can be fixedly connected to at least one of the first pushing part 6411 and the second pushing part 6412.

[0125] Of course, the specific connection relationship between the motion section and the first propulsion section 6411 and the second propulsion section 6412 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second segment 642 is provided with an abutment protrusion 644. During the rotation of the corresponding cam, the abutment protrusion 644 engages with the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding cam to change the position of the second segment 642, thereby driving the corresponding moving part to move. The rotational motion of the cam is precisely converted into the oscillation of the pusher 64 through the abutment protrusion 644. By designing the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the cam, different on / off sequences and state combinations (such as opening before closing, closing before opening, etc.) can be easily realized to meet the control requirements of different circuits. Moreover, each rotational position of the cam corresponds to a specific gear and circuit state, facilitating isolation between states. In addition, the contact area between the abutment protrusion 644 and the cam is small, reducing wear on both.

[0127] Understandably, when the shape of the cam is fixed, the position of the cam and the abutment protrusion 644 is also fixed when the cam rotates to a certain position, so that the movement position of the moving part corresponding to the pusher 64 is also fixed, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the moving part.

[0128] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the abutment protrusion 644 forms an arc surface on the side facing the cam, avoiding sharp corners and reducing wear on the cam. Furthermore, along the circumference of the cam, the abutment protrusion 644 and the cam are in point or line contact, reducing the contact area and friction. Moreover, during the rotation of the cam, the transition of force between the abutment protrusion 644 and the cam is smoother, and the force transmission is less prone to abrupt changes. When the abutment protrusion 644 is abutted by the cam, it can change the direction of the force, and the force received is more conducive to the rotation of the pushing component 64.

[0129] Understandably, since the cam drives the second segment 642 to move by abutting, there is friction between the cam and the abutting protrusion 644. Therefore, the cam can be made of a material with high wear resistance, such as PA, and the cam can be processed by injection molding.

[0130] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the first cam 62 has a first convex region 621, a first concave region 622, a second convex region 623, and a second concave region 624, and the outer peripheral surface of the second cam 63 has a third convex region 631 and a third concave region 632. For ease of description, the abutting protrusion 644 on the pusher 64 that drives the first switch K1 is referred to as the first protrusion, the abutting protrusion 644 on the pusher 64 that drives the second switch K2 is referred to as the second protrusion, and the abutting protrusion 644 on the pusher 64 that drives the third switch K3 is referred to as the third protrusion.

[0131] like Figure 13 As shown, in the first state, the first protrusion is located in the second concave area 624, causing the first switch K1 to close; the second protrusion abuts against the first protrusion area 621, causing the second switch K2 to open; the third protrusion is located in the third concave area 632, causing the third switch K3 to close.

[0132] like Figure 14 As shown, in the second state, the first protrusion abuts against the first convex region 621, causing the first switch K1 to open; the second protrusion is located in the first concave region 622, causing the second switch K2 to close; the third protrusion abuts against the third convex region 631, causing the third switch K3 to open.

[0133] like Figure 15 As shown, in the third state, the first protrusion is located in the second concave area 624, causing the first switch K1 to close; the second protrusion abuts against the first convex area 621, causing the second switch K2 to open; the third protrusion abuts against the third convex area 631, causing the third switch K3 to open.

[0134] like Figure 16 As shown, in the fourth state, the first protrusion abuts against the second protrusion area 623, causing the first switch K1 to open; the second protrusion abuts against the first protrusion area 621, causing the second switch K2 to open; the third protrusion is located in the third concave area 632, causing the third switch K3 to close.

[0135] like Figure 17 As shown, in the fifth state, the first protrusion abuts against the first protrusion area 621, causing the first switch K1 to open; the second protrusion abuts against the first protrusion area 621, causing the second switch K2 to open; and the third protrusion abuts against the third protrusion area 631, causing the third switch K3 to open.

[0136] In summary, by setting the positional relationships between the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the first convex area 621, the first concave area 622, the second convex area 623, and the second concave area 624 on the first cam 62, the correspondence between the outer peripheral surface shape of the first cam 62 and the opening and closing states of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 is clarified. Simultaneously, by setting the positional relationships between the third protrusion and the third convex area 631 and the third concave area 632 on the second cam 63, the correspondence between the outer peripheral surface shape of the second cam 63 and the third opening and closing state is clarified.

[0137] Furthermore, when a protrusion abuts against the convex area of ​​the cam, the switch corresponding to that protrusion is in the open state. When a protrusion is located within the concave area of ​​the cam, the switch corresponding to that protrusion is in the closed state. In this way, the opening and closing of the switch are controlled by the convex and concave areas on the cam respectively. As long as the cam does not rotate again, the state of the switch remains unchanged, thereby giving the switching unit a self-locking or position-holding function and improving reliability.

[0138] Specifically, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the convex area can form an outwardly convex arc-shaped surface, such as a circular arc surface, which can abut against the protrusion. The concave area can form an inwardly concave arc-shaped surface, and the concavity forms a space to accommodate the protrusion. As the cam rotates, the position of the protrusion changes, thereby causing the pusher 64 to rotate, which in turn drives the corresponding moving part to move.

[0139] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the connection between the convex and concave areas is rounded, which makes the convex and concave areas connect smoothly and reduces the possibility of abrupt changes in the position of the convex area.

[0140] It is understood that the central angles corresponding to the first convex area 621, the first concave area 622, the second convex area 623, and the second concave area 624 on the first cam 62 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit this. Similarly, the central angles corresponding to the third convex area 631 and the third concave area 632 on the second cam 63 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0141] It is understood that the switching angle between two adjacent states can be reasonably set according to the number of states that the switching unit can switch between. For example, if the number of states is large, the switching angle can be appropriately reduced. If the number of states is small, the switching angle can be appropriately increased. Generally, the switching angle can be selected between 30° and 40°, and can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0142] In some embodiments, such as Figures 13 to 17 As shown, the switching angle between two adjacent states can be 30°.

[0143] In some embodiments, the material used to make the pusher 64 includes metal materials. The pusher 64 can be made of metal materials, such as stainless steel or iron, which can ensure that the pusher 64 has sufficient structural strength to withstand the force of the cam without deformation, and can provide stable and reliable support and driving force for the moving part.

[0144] In some embodiments, the conductivity of the pusher 64 is less than that of the moving contact, which allows the pusher 64 to be made of a metal material with low conductivity. For example, the pusher 64 can be made of a material with high strength but low conductivity, such as stainless steel or iron. This ensures structural strength while avoiding becoming an additional conductive path (or even if it makes contact, it does not affect the performance of the main circuit). Moreover, such materials are usually cheaper, thus reducing costs.

[0145] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the switching unit also includes an elastic element 70. Each pusher 64 is connected to a different elastic element 70. The elastic element 70 applies a force to the corresponding pusher 64 to close the corresponding first switch K1, second switch K2 or third switch K3. The first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are switched to open by the rotation element and the corresponding pusher 64 driving the corresponding first moving part 32. The third switch K3 is switched to open by the rotation element and the corresponding pusher 64 driving the second moving part 41.

[0146] In this embodiment, by setting each elastic element 70 to act on the corresponding pusher 64 and apply a force to the corresponding pusher 64, the corresponding switch can be closed. That is, without external force, the force applied by the elastic element 70 can cause the moving part to move towards the corresponding stationary contact and eventually contact the stationary contact, achieving closure. Furthermore, the elastic element 70 can ensure the contact pressure between the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact, guaranteeing the reliability of the closure. Subsequently, each switch is opened by driving the corresponding pusher 64 through the rotating element. In this structure, the switch can be in a closed state under the action of the elastic element 70 until the rotating element rotates, thus forming a normally closed switch. In most states, the switch remains closed, and the rotating element does not need to rotate, reducing the driving power consumption of the driving element that drives the rotating element.

[0147] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, one end of the elastic member 70 can be connected to the second segment 642 of the pusher 64, and the other end of the elastic member 70 can be connected to the housing 50.

[0148] It is understood that the connection between the elastic element 70 and the pushing element 64 can be by abutment, adhesion, or other methods, and can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. This application embodiment does not limit this. Similarly, the connection between the elastic element 70 and the housing 50 can also be by abutment, adhesion, or other methods.

[0149] In some embodiments, the elastic element 70 may be a spring, an elastic rod, or other components, and can be flexibly configured according to actual conditions. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0150] It is understood that the specific installation position and force application method of the elastic element 70 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0151] In some embodiments, the connection position between the elastic member 70 and the corresponding pusher 64 is a first position, and the connection position between the pusher 64 and the corresponding moving part is a second position. The first position and the second position are located on both sides of the rotation center of the pusher 64, respectively.

[0152] In this embodiment, by setting the first position and the second position to be located on both sides of the rotation center of the pusher 64, the pusher 64 is in accordance with the three-segment structure. The first position is located on the other side of the rotation center compared to the second position, and there is enough space to extend the driving arm by adjusting the distance between the first position and the rotation center, thereby reducing the driving force and reducing the elasticity requirement of the elastic member 70.

[0153] In some embodiments, the connection position between the rotating member and the corresponding pushing member 64 is the third position, and the connection position between the pushing member 64 and the corresponding moving part is the second position. The second position and the third position are located on both sides of the rotation center of the pushing member 64, respectively.

[0154] In this embodiment, by setting the third position and the second position to be located on both sides of the rotation center of the pusher 64, the three-segment structure of the pusher 64 is conformed. The third position is located on the other side of the rotation center compared to the second position, and has enough space to extend the driving arm by adjusting the distance between the third position and the rotation center, thereby reducing the driving force and reducing the driving power consumption.

[0155] Specifically, in the example given in this embodiment, the elastic element 70 and the target cam are both connected to the second segment 642 of the pusher 64. Thus, the corresponding moving part can be directly driven by the pusher 64 without the intermediate elastic element acting between the pusher 64 and the corresponding moving part. Therefore, in the contact direction between the moving part and the stationary contact 20, the moving part and the pusher 64 are not in a tight fit. Therefore, as the moving part moves closer to or away from the stationary contact 20, the moving part can smoothly float relative to the pusher 64 along the extension direction of the moving part, thereby adapting to the position change of the moving part, reducing the jamming of the moving part, improving the smoothness of the movement of the moving part, and ensuring reliable contact performance. In addition, there is enough space on the side where the second position is located for the corresponding moving contact to be used to construct a specific shape to improve the short-circuit resistance structure. For example, as will be described below, by setting the flexible part 33, two current-conducting sections with opposite current directions are formed by means of the bending section 33b, and electromagnetic force is used to improve the short-circuit resistance.

[0156] It is understandable that the elastic element 70 and the rotating element are both connected to the second section 642 of the pushing element 64 and are located on both sides of the second section 642, making reasonable use of the space on both sides of the second section 642 and improving space utilization.

[0157] In some embodiments, the switching unit further includes an elastic element 70, and each pusher 64 is connected to a different elastic element 70. The elastic element 70 applies a force to the corresponding pusher 64 to open the corresponding first switch K1, second switch K2 or third switch K3; and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are switched to closed by the rotation element and the corresponding pusher 64 driving the corresponding first moving part 32, and the third switch K3 is switched to closed by the rotation element and the corresponding pusher 64 driving the second moving part 41.

[0158] In this embodiment, by setting each elastic element 70 to act on the corresponding pusher 64 and apply a force to the corresponding pusher 64, the corresponding switch can be opened. That is, in the absence of external force, the force applied by the elastic element 70 can cause the moving part to move away from the corresponding stationary contact and eventually separate from the stationary contact, thus opening the switch. Furthermore, each switch is closed by driving the corresponding rotating element and the corresponding pusher 64. In this structure, the switch can be in an open state under the action of the elastic element 70 until the rotating element rotates to close the switch. The switch forms a normally open switch. In most states, the switch remains open, and the rotating element does not need to rotate, reducing the driving power consumption of the driving element that drives the rotating element.

[0159] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, at least one of the first movable contact 30 and the second movable contact 40 is designated as the target movable contact. The target movable contact includes a fixed part 31, a flexible part 33 and a corresponding moving part. The flexible part 33 connects the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part.

[0160] In this embodiment, a flexible connection between the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part is achieved by providing a flexible part 33 to connect the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part. This flexible connection facilitates the movement of the moving part relative to the fixed part 31, easily achieving large contact gaps and meeting the requirements of high-current environments. The flexible part 33 can be flexible in some directions and rigid in others. For example, the flexible part 33 is flexible in the contact direction (approximately the first direction X) between the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact, facilitating the movement of the moving part; the flexible part 33 can have a certain degree of rigidity in the height and width directions of the housing 50 to maintain good support capabilities. The flexible part 33 can also have a certain degree of rigidity in the width direction of the housing 50 to reduce the possibility of deformation in the width direction. Since the flexible part 33 is integrally connected between the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part, there is no need to set up a separate connection structure, such as a rotational connection structure, between the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part. This achieves a large contact gap while simplifying the structure and process steps. At the same time, it ensures the connection strength, effective conductive cross-sectional area, and good conductivity between the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part. On this basis, the moving contact is assisted by the pusher 64. The moving contact does not need to be set at a position far from the rotation center in order to achieve a large contact gap. Therefore, the length of the moving part itself does not need to be very long, which can save conductive material and reduce costs. In addition, the rotation center of the pusher 64 can be set as needed, so that the driven end of the pusher 64 can be set on the side far from the rotation center from the corresponding moving part. As a result, the installation space and the movable space of the drive assembly 60 are larger, which is more conducive to achieving a large gap. Furthermore, the pusher can be more easily constructed into a force-saving lever to save the required driving force.

[0161] Specifically, the flexible part 33 can be various types of flexible conductive structures, such as flexible connecting bars, and can be flexibly configured according to actual conditions. This application embodiment does not limit this. In this application, the moving contact is a flexible conductive element, and its entirety can be formed by stacking multiple layers of conductive sheets, such as a soft copper busbar structure.

[0162] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the flexible part 33 includes multiple conductive sheets 331, which are stacked at intervals along the thickness direction. Each conductive sheet 331 is connected to the fixed part 31 and the corresponding moving part.

[0163] In this embodiment, by arranging multiple conductive sheets 331 at intervals along the thickness direction, a flexible structure of multiple conductive sheets 331 is formed. While ensuring good conductivity, it has low bending stiffness, allowing the moving parts to move flexibly. Moreover, the gap between adjacent conductive sheets 331 is also conducive to heat dissipation, which can effectively reduce temperature rise.

[0164] Understandably, the conductive sheet 331 is a thin sheet structure (for example, the thickness of the conductive sheet 331 can be 0.05mm to 0.2mm), which can achieve good bending and springback. It generates less stress during repeated bending, has better fatigue resistance, and thus extends the service life of the flexible part 33.

[0165] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the flexible part 33 includes a bending section 33b, which is bent so that the portions on both sides of the bending section 33b can increase the contact pressure between the corresponding moving part and the corresponding stationary contact based on the electromagnetic field induced by the current guided by each part.

[0166] In this embodiment, the bending segment 33b is bent so that the portions on both sides of the bending segment 33b can increase the contact pressure between the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact based on the electromagnetic field induced by the current guided by each part, thus ensuring contact reliability.

[0167] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, when the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact are closed, current flows through the bending section 33b. The current flowing into the bending section 33b and the current flowing out of the bending section 33b form an acute angle with a small angle (or can be understood as being nearly parallel), so that the current flowing into the bending section 33b and the current flowing out of the bending section 33b are roughly opposite in the third direction Z.

[0168] like Figure 7 As shown, taking the example of current flowing from the fixed part 31 into the bent section 33b ( Figure 7 Within the dashed box (as shown in the image), according to the right-hand rule, the magnetic field generated by the current in the left portion of the bent section 33b near the corresponding stationary contact is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and outwards. The current flows out of the bent section 33b and into the moving part. According to the left-hand rule, the moving part experiences an electromagnetic force towards the corresponding stationary contact in the aforementioned magnetic field. This electromagnetic force increases the contact pressure between the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact, thereby resisting the electrodynamic repulsion of abnormally large currents (such as short circuits), reducing the possibility of the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact springing apart, and improving short-circuit withstand capability.

[0169] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the flexible part 33 further includes a first flexible segment 33a, the two ends of the first flexible segment 33a along the third direction Z are respectively connected to the corresponding moving part and the bending segment 33b; and / or, the flexible part 33 further includes a second flexible segment 33c, the two ends of the second flexible segment 33c along the third direction Z are respectively connected to the bending segment 33b and the fixing part 31.

[0170] In this embodiment, a first flexible segment 33a connects the moving part and the bent segment 33b, and a second flexible segment 33c connects the bent segment 33b and the fixed part 31. For example, the first flexible segment 33a and the second flexible segment 33c each include multiple conductive sheets 331 arranged at intervals along the first direction X. This allows the first flexible segment 33a and the second flexible segment 33c to undergo a certain deformation along the first direction X, ensuring that the moving part has sufficient movement along the first direction X, which is beneficial for achieving a large contact gap and meeting the requirements of high current use. At the same time, the multiple conductive sheets 331 in the second flexible segment 33c are arranged at intervals along the first direction X and extend along the third direction Z, so that the second flexible segment 33c still retains high rigidity along the third direction Z, which can well support the bent segment 33b. This makes the positional change range of the bent segment 33b in the third direction Z controllable or basically unchanged, thereby improving the positional stability of the moving part and the contact reliability between the moving part and the corresponding stationary contact.

[0171] It is understandable that the first flexible segment 33a, the bending segment 33b, and the second flexible segment 33c are all the aforementioned multilayer conductive sheet 331 structure.

[0172] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fixing part 31 includes a fixing plate 311 and a support plate 312. The support plate 312 is connected to the end of the fixing plate 311 near the stationary contact member, and the second flexible segment 33c is connected to the end of the support plate 312 away from the fixing plate 311.

[0173] In this embodiment, the fixing part 31 includes a fixing plate 311 and a support plate 312. The support plate 312 can extend along the third direction Z, so that the entire fixing part 31 has a certain height along the third direction Z, which facilitates the connection of the second flexible segment 33c to a suitable position, making the flexible segment 33 more compatible with the positional relationship between the fixing part 31 and the moving part. Moreover, the support plate 312 can also provide certain support for the second flexible segment 33c.

[0174] It is understandable that the fixed plate 311 can serve as a lead-out terminal to an external circuit, and the support plate 312 is provided corresponding to the stationary contact, the moving part, etc. When the two stationary contacts are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, the two support plates 312 are also provided on both sides of the fixed plate 311 along the first direction X.

[0175] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, at least one of the first stationary contact 10 and the second stationary contact 20 is designated as a target stationary contact. The target stationary contact includes an extension portion 11 and a contact portion 12. The contact portion 12 is connected to the end of the extension portion 11 near the fixed portion 31, and the contact portion 12 can contact or separate from the corresponding moving portion.

[0176] In this embodiment, the target static contact includes a lead-out portion 11 and a contact portion 12. The lead-out portion 11 enables the target static contact to connect with an external circuit, and the contact portion 12 enables contact with a corresponding moving part, making the entire target static contact simple in structure and easy to manufacture.

[0177] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lead-out portion 11 and the contact portion 12 can form an obtuse angle. Both the lead-out portion 11 and the contact portion 12 are plate-shaped structures. The lead-out portion 11 is parallel to the shell wall of the housing 50, forming a larger area for external connection. This facilitates the matching of the contact portion 12 with the angle of the oscillating moving part in the closed state, making the contact surfaces of the contact portion 12 and the moving part parallel (when the contact surface is flat), or making the arc centers of the contact surfaces of the contact portion 12 and the moving part approximately coincide (when the contact surface is curved). This helps to reduce contact resistance, thereby reducing temperature rise and increasing the service life of the contact portion 12 and the moving part. The lead-out portion 11 is exposed outside the housing 50, realizing the connection between the target static contact and the external circuit. The contact portion 12 is located inside the housing 50 and can contact the moving part.

[0178] In some embodiments, the target static contact can be a one-piece structure. Specifically, the lead-out portion 11 and the contact portion 12 can be integrally formed without subsequent connection, reducing process steps while ensuring the connection strength, effective conductive cross-sectional area and good conductivity of the lead-out portion 11 and the contact portion 12.

[0179] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the contact portion 12 of the second stationary contact 20 is provided with a first contact 121 and a second contact 122. The first contact 121 can contact or separate from the first moving part 32, and the second contact 122 can contact or separate from the second moving part 41.

[0180] In this embodiment, by providing a first contact 12 and a second contact 122 on the contact portion 12 of the second stationary contact 20, the first contact 121 contacts or separates from the first moving part 32, and the second contact 122 contacts or separates from the second moving part 41, thereby enabling the second stationary contact 20 to form two switches, namely the second switch K2 and the third switch K3. Furthermore, the contact portion 12 is connected to the lead-out portion 11, allowing the first contact 121 and the second contact 122 to share the lead-out portion 11, reducing the conductor length of the second stationary contact 20, reducing precious metal consumption, and lowering costs.

[0181] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the contact portion 12 of the second stationary contact 20 has a larger dimension along the second direction Y, and the first contact 121 and the second contact 122 are spaced apart along the second direction Y.

[0182] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lead-out portion 11 of the first stationary contact 10, the fixing portion 31 of the first moving contact 30, and the lead-out portion 11 of the second stationary contact 20 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, and the fixing portion 31 of the first moving contact 30 is provided between the lead-out portions 11 of the first stationary contact 10 and the lead-out portions 11 of the second stationary contact 20, forming a structure in which the first stationary contact 10, the first moving contact 30, and the second stationary contact 20 are arranged along the first direction X, making full use of the space in the first direction X and optimizing the spatial layout of the components.

[0183] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fixing part 31 of the first movable contact 30 and the fixing part 31 of the second movable contact 40 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, so that the first movable contact 30 and the second movable contact 40 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, making full use of the space in the second direction Y, and adapting to the arrangement structure of the first stationary contact 10, the first movable contact 30 and the second stationary contact 20, further optimizing the spatial layout of the components.

[0184] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the switch unit also includes a housing 50, with each fixing part 31 and each lead-out part 11 exposed on the same side of the housing 50.

[0185] In this embodiment, by exposing each fixing part 31 and each lead-out part 11 on the same side of the housing 50, all lead-out terminals that need to be connected to external circuits (i.e., each lead-out part 11 and each fixing plate 311) are led out from the same side, which facilitates the wiring operation between the lead-out terminals and external circuits, and is especially suitable for scenarios with limited installation space or where overall plugging and unplugging is required. Moreover, the lead-out terminals do not need to be bent multiple times inside the housing 50 to lead to different sides, resulting in shorter conductor lengths, reducing the amount of conductor (such as copper) used, and directly reducing material costs.

[0186] Specifically, the fixing part 31 includes a fixing plate 311 and a support plate 312. The fixing plate 311 is exposed outside the housing 50, and the support plate 312 is connected to the fixing plate 311 and extends into the housing 50. The lead-out part 11 is exposed outside the housing 50, and the contact part 12 is connected to the lead-out part 11 and extends into the housing 50.

[0187] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, each fixing part 31 and each lead-out part 11 are exposed on the same side of the housing 50 along the third direction Z, which is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0188] In this embodiment, by exposing each fixing part 31 and each lead-out part 11 on the same side of the housing 50, all lead-out terminals that need to be connected to external circuits (i.e., each lead-out part 11 and each fixing plate 311) are led out from the same side, facilitating wiring operations between the lead-out terminals and external circuits, especially suitable for scenarios with limited installation space or requiring overall plugging and unplugging. Furthermore, since neither the moving contact nor the stationary contact moves along the third direction Z, both the moving contact and the stationary contact can be arranged along the third direction Z on the same side close to the housing 50. This eliminates the need for multiple bends inside the housing 50 to lead to different sides, resulting in shorter conductor lengths and reduced conductor (e.g., copper) usage, directly lowering material costs. Moreover, by exposing each fixing part 31 and each lead-out part 11 along the third direction Z on the same side of the housing 50, and matching other components of the housing 50 (e.g., cams, pushers 64, etc.), the layout is more rational. Furthermore, the direction of the exposed housing 50 of each fixed part 31 and each lead-out part 11 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving part, so it will not affect the movement of the moving part.

[0189] Specifically, the fixing part 31 includes a fixing plate 311 and a support plate 312. The fixing plate 311 is exposed outside the housing 50 in the third direction Z, and the support plate 312 is connected to the fixing plate 311 and extends into the housing 50 in the third direction Z. The lead-out part 11 is exposed outside the housing 50 in the third direction Z, and the contact part 12 is connected to the lead-out part 11 and extends into the housing 50.

[0190] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the housing 50 is provided with a first support portion 51, which abuts against the side of the contact portion 12 away from the fixing portion 31 along the first direction X.

[0191] In this embodiment, by setting a first support portion 51 to abut against the side of the contact portion 12 away from the fixed portion 31, the first support portion 51 is located on the side of the contact portion 12 away from the moving portion, which can provide support for the contact portion 12 and avoid the contact portion 12 from deforming or displacing after the moving portion repeatedly contacts the contact portion 12, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the contact position between the moving portion and the contact portion 12.

[0192] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixing part 31 includes a fixing plate 311 and a support plate 312. The fixing plate 311 is exposed outside the housing 50, and the support plate 312 is connected to the end of the fixing plate 311 near the stationary contact. The housing 50 is provided with a second support part 52, which abuts against the side of the support plate 312 away from the stationary contact along the first direction X.

[0193] In this embodiment, by providing a second support portion 52 abutting against the side of the support plate 312 away from the stationary contact, the second support portion 52 provides support for the support plate 312 of the moving contact, reducing the possibility of the support plate 312 tilting and deforming. Simultaneously, it ensures the accurate positioning of the bent section 33b, thereby providing conditions for the accurate positioning of the moving part.

[0194] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, at least one of the first moving part 32 and the second moving part 41 is designated as the target moving part. The target moving part includes at least two sub-moving parts 321, which are arranged at intervals along the width direction (i.e., the second direction Y) of the target moving part. When the first stationary contact 10 is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part (i.e., the first moving part 32), the contact gaps between the at least two sub-moving parts 321 and the first stationary contact 10 are different. And / or, when the second stationary contact 20 is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part (i.e., the second moving part 41), the contact gaps between the at least two sub-moving parts 321 and the second stationary contact 20 are different.

[0195] In this embodiment, the first moving part 32 includes at least two sub-moving parts 321 spaced apart along the second direction Y. The contact gaps between the at least two sub-moving parts 321 and the first stationary contact 10 are different. As the target moving part approaches the first stationary contact 10, one sub-moving part 321 contacts the first stationary contact 10 first, followed by the remaining sub-moving parts 321. As the target moving part moves away from the first stationary contact 10, the sub-moving parts 321 separate from the first stationary contact 10 in the reverse order of contact. That is, the sub-moving part 321 that contacts first separates last. In this way, at the moment of contact or disconnection, the sub-moving part 321 that contacts first generates an arc, thereby reducing the possibility of other sub-moving parts 321 generating arcs and extending the service life of the other sub-moving parts 321. Furthermore, the surface of the sub-moving part 321 that contacts first, facing the first stationary contact 10, can be coated with a highly ablation-resistant material layer (e.g., tungsten-copper alloy), which further extends the service life of the sub-moving part 321 to a certain extent. Furthermore, multiple sub-motion units 321 can contact the first stationary contact 10. Even if one sub-motion unit 321 is damaged or jammed, the other sub-motion units 321 can still contact the first stationary contact 10, forming a redundant design to ensure the reliability of the contact between the motion unit and the first stationary contact 10. Additionally, if a machining error occurs in one sub-motion unit 321, the multiple sub-motion units 321 can eliminate the impact of the machining error, ensuring that the sub-motion unit 321 can make contact with the first stationary contact 10. Similarly, the second motion unit 41 and the second stationary contact 20 also adopt this arrangement, which will not be described further here.

[0196] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the first moving part 32 may include two sub-moving parts 321, which are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. When the first stationary contact 10 is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part (i.e., the first moving part 32), the contact gaps of the two sub-moving parts 321 to the first stationary contact 10 along the first direction X are different.

[0197] In some embodiments, the stationary contact is a one-piece structure, so that the lead-out portion 11 and the contact portion 12 form an integral component, which can be installed as a whole without the need for subsequent connection (such as welding or riveting), thus eliminating the connection process and improving the overall strength.

[0198] In some embodiments, the moving contact is a one-piece structure, so that the fixed part 31, the flexible part 33 and the moving part form an integral component, which can be installed as a whole without the need for subsequent connection (such as welding or riveting) between the three, saving the connection process and improving the overall strength.

[0199] It should be noted that the one-piece structure of the moving contact refers to the connection of the fixed part 31, the flexible part 33, and the moving part to form an integral component. For example, the entire moving contact can be made of multiple layers of conductive sheets 331, which are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction. The two ends of the multiple layers of conductive sheets 331 are welded and then flattened, so that the two ends of the multiple layers of conductive sheets 331 form the fixed part 31 and the moving part, respectively, and the unwelded part in the middle forms the flexible part 33. Of course, the moving contact can also be manufactured using other methods to ultimately form an integral component.

[0200] In some embodiments, the material used to make the stationary contact includes copper or copper alloys. Copper and copper alloys have excellent electrical conductivity, which helps to reduce resistance in the circuit. At the same time, copper and copper alloys have good mechanical strength, which enables them to make good contact with the moving part without deformation.

[0201] In some embodiments, the moving contact is made of copper or copper alloy. Copper and copper alloy have excellent electrical conductivity, which helps to reduce resistance in the circuit. At the same time, copper alloy has good mechanical strength and elasticity, which can meet the fatigue life requirements of repeated movements of the moving part.

[0202] In some embodiments, this application also proposes a relay including the switching unit of any of the above embodiments.

[0203] In the embodiments of this application, since the relay includes the switching unit of any of the above embodiments, it has the beneficial effects of the switching unit, which will not be elaborated here.

[0204] In some embodiments, such as Figure 18As shown in the embodiments of this application, a power distribution system is also proposed, including a first power supply 81, a second power supply 82, two circuit connection terminals 83, and a relay as described in the above embodiments. At least two stationary contacts include a first stationary contact 10 and a second stationary contact 20, and at least two moving contacts include a first moving contact 30 and a second moving contact 40. The first moving contact 30 has two first moving parts 32, one of which forms a first switch K1 with the first stationary contact 10, and the other forming a second switch K2 with the second stationary contact 20. The second moving contact 40 has a second moving part 41, and the second stationary contact 20 also forms a third switch K3 with the second moving part 41. The first switch K1 is configured to connect the first power supply 81 to the two circuit connection terminals 83; the third switch K3 is configured to connect the second power supply 82 to the two circuit connection terminals 83; and the second switch K2 is configured to connect the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 in series and to the two circuit connection terminals 83.

[0205] In this embodiment, by setting a first switch K1 of the relay, the first power supply 81 can be connected to two circuit connection terminals 83, allowing the first power supply 81 to be connected to the circuit independently; the third switch K3 can be connected to the second power supply 82 to the two circuit connection terminals 83, allowing the second power supply 82 to be connected to the circuit independently; the second switch K2 can connect the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 in series and connect them to the two circuit connection terminals 83, allowing the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 to be connected to the circuit in series. By controlling the states of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3, the specific form in which the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 are connected to the power distribution system can be controlled, thereby realizing power switching. Furthermore, since the power distribution system includes the relay of the above embodiment, it has the beneficial effects of the relay, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0206] Specifically, such as Figure 18 As shown, the two circuit connection terminals 83 are the positive and negative terminals of the circuit, respectively. The first stationary contact 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply 82, the second stationary contact 20 is connected to the negative terminal of the second power supply 82, and the first moving contact 30 is connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply 81. One of the first moving parts 32 of the first moving contact 30 and the second stationary contact 20 form a second switch K2, and the other first moving part 32 of the first moving contact 30 and the first stationary contact 10 form a first switch K1. The second moving contact 40 is connected to the negative terminal of the first power supply 81, and the second moving contact 40 and the second stationary contact 20 form a third switch K3. Simultaneously, the first stationary contact 10 is also connected to the positive terminal of the two circuit connection terminals 83, and the second moving contact 40 is also connected to the negative terminal of the two circuit connection terminals 83.

[0207] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has at least the following two configuration states: a first configuration state in which the second switch K2 is open and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are closed; and a second configuration state in which the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are open.

[0208] In this embodiment, by setting the first configuration state to have the second switch K2 open and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 closed, corresponding to the first state of the switching unit, the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 are connected in parallel in the circuit. By setting the second configuration state to have the second switch K2 closed and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 open, corresponding to the second state of the switching unit, the first power supply 81 and the second power supply 82 are connected in series in the circuit. Moreover, by switching the power distribution system between the first and second configuration states, the series-parallel switching of the two power supplies can be realized, which is suitable for different scenarios.

[0209] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has the following four configuration states: a first configuration state in which the second switch K2 is open and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are closed; a second configuration state in which the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are open; a third configuration state in which the first switch K1 is closed and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open; and a fourth configuration state in which the third switch K3 is closed and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open.

[0210] In this embodiment, the power distribution system has a first configuration state and a second configuration state, thus possessing the beneficial effects of both configuration states. Furthermore, the power distribution system also has a third configuration state where the first switch K1 is closed and the second and third switches K2 and K3 are open. Corresponding to the third state of the switching unit, the first power supply 81 can be connected to the circuit independently. By setting a fourth configuration state where the third switch K3 is closed and the first and second switches K1 and K2 are open, corresponding to the fourth state of the switching unit, the second power supply 82 can be connected to the circuit independently. In the event of a power supply failure, the faulty power supply can be isolated, allowing the use of another power supply, thus ensuring the continuity and safety of the power distribution system's operation.

[0211] In some embodiments, the power distribution system has at least the following five configuration states: a first configuration state in which the second switch K2 is open and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are closed; a second configuration state in which the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are open; a third configuration state in which the first switch K1 is closed and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open; a fourth configuration state in which the third switch K3 is closed and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open; and a fifth configuration state in which the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 are all open.

[0212] In this embodiment, the power distribution system has a first configuration state, a second configuration state, a third configuration state, and a fourth configuration state, thus possessing the beneficial effects of these four configuration states. Furthermore, the power distribution system also has a fifth configuration state where the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 are all open. This fifth state of the corresponding switch unit enables power outage of the power distribution system, suitable for scenarios involving long-term vehicle parking or maintenance.

[0213] In some embodiments, this application also proposes a vehicle including the power distribution system described above.

[0214] In this embodiment, since the vehicle includes the power distribution system described above, it has the beneficial effects of the power distribution system described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0215] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0216] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switching unit, characterized in that, It includes at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts, wherein the at least two stationary contacts and at least two moving contacts form at least three switches; At least one of the moving contacts has two independently moving first moving parts, and the two first moving parts respectively form the switch with different stationary contacts; The switching unit has at least four states, and in any two states, at least one of the switches is in a different state.

2. The switching unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least four states include five states.

3. The switching unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least two of the stationary contacts include a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact, and at least two of the movable contacts include a first movable contact and a second movable contact; The first moving contact has two first moving parts, one of which forms a first switch with the first stationary contact, and the other of which forms a second switch with the second stationary contact; The second moving contact has a second moving part, and the second stationary contact also forms a third switch with the second moving part.

4. The switching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, One of the first moving parts moves closer to or away from the first stationary contact member along a first direction, and the other first moving part moves closer to or away from the second stationary contact member along the first direction; and the second moving part moves closer to or away from the second stationary contact member along the first direction; and / or, The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact are spaced apart along a first direction, the first movable contact is located between the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact along the first direction, and the first movable contact and the second movable contact are spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The switching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, At most one of the first switch and the second switch is in the closed state; and / or, At most one of the third switch and the second switch is in a closed state.

6. The switching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching unit includes a driving component, and the driving component includes a rotating element; The states of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch change according to the rotation of the rotating component; and / or, The rotating component is made of at least a portion of copper or stainless steel.

7. The switching unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rotating component is selected from at least four states.

8. The switching unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching unit has a first state, wherein the first state is that both the first switch and the third switch are closed and the second switch is open; as well as The second state is characterized by both the first switch and the third switch being open and the second switch being closed.

9. The switching unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The switching unit also has a third state, wherein the first switch is closed and both the second switch and the third switch are open; as well as The fourth state is characterized by both the first switch and the second switch being open and the third switch being closed. as well as The fifth state is when the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all off.

10. The switching unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member, the second state, the fifth state, and the first state are arranged sequentially.

11. The switching unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third state, the first state, and the fourth state are arranged sequentially along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member.

12. The switching unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along one of the rotation directions of the rotating member, the second state, the fifth state, the third state, the first state, and the fourth state are arranged sequentially.

13. The switching unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating component, the first switch and the second switch are both offset from the third switch; and / or, Along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotating member, the position of the first switch relative to the rotating member and the position of the second switch relative to the rotating member are the same.

14. The switching unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving assembly further includes a pusher, which is rotatably configured. The two first moving parts and the second moving parts are respectively connected to different pushers. The pusher drives the corresponding first moving part based on the rotation of the rotator, or drives the corresponding second moving part based on the rotation of the rotator.

15. The switching unit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The pushing member includes a first section, a second section and an intermediate section. The intermediate section is rotatably disposed. The first section and the second section are respectively connected to the two ends of the intermediate section. The first section is connected to the corresponding moving part. The second section rotates based on the rotation of the rotating member, thereby driving the corresponding moving part to move through the corresponding first section. B. The material used to manufacture the pusher includes metal materials; C. The conductivity of the pushing element is less than the conductivity of the moving contact element.

16. The switching unit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The switching unit further includes an elastic element, and each pusher is connected to a different elastic element. The elastic element applies a force to the corresponding pusher to close the corresponding first switch, second switch or third switch. as well as The first switch and the second switch are switched to open by driving the corresponding first moving part through the rotating member and the corresponding pushing member, and the third switch is switched to open by driving the second moving part through the rotating member and the corresponding pushing member.

17. The switching unit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The switching unit further includes an elastic element, and each of the pushers is connected to a different elastic element. The elastic element applies a force to the corresponding pusher to disconnect the corresponding first switch, second switch or third switch. as well as The first switch and the second switch are switched to closed by the rotating member and the corresponding pushing member driving the corresponding first moving part, and the third switch is switched to closed by the rotating member and the corresponding pushing member driving the second moving part.

18. The switching unit according to claim 16, characterized in that, The connection position between the elastic element and the corresponding pushing element is the first position, and the connection position between the pushing element and the corresponding moving part is the second position. The first position and the second position are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the pushing element; and / or, The connection position between the rotating component and the corresponding pushing component is the third position, and the connection position between the pushing component and the corresponding moving part is the second position. The second position and the third position are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the pushing component.

19. The switching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the first movable contact and the second movable contact is designated as a target movable contact. The target movable contact includes a fixed part, a flexible part, and a corresponding moving part. The flexible part connects the fixed part and the corresponding moving part.

20. The switching unit according to claim 19, characterized in that, The flexible part includes multiple conductive sheets, which are stacked at intervals along the thickness direction. Each conductive sheet is connected to the fixed part and the corresponding moving part.

21. The switching unit according to claim 19, characterized in that, The flexible portion includes a bending section, which is bent so that portions located on both sides of the bending section can increase the contact pressure between the corresponding moving portion and the corresponding stationary contact based on the electromagnetic field induced by the current guided by each portion.

22. The switching unit according to claim 21, characterized in that, The flexible portion further includes a first flexible segment, the first flexible segment being connected at both ends along a third direction to the corresponding moving portion and the bending segment; and / or, The flexible part further includes a second flexible segment, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the bending segment and the fixing part in a third direction.

23. The switching unit according to claim 22, characterized in that, The fixing part includes a fixing plate and a support plate. The support plate is connected to one end of the fixing plate near the stationary contact member, and the second flexible segment is connected to one end of the support plate away from the fixing plate.

24. The switching unit according to claim 19, characterized in that, At least one of the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact is designated as a target stationary contact. The target stationary contact includes a lead-out portion and a contact portion. The contact portion is connected to one end of the lead-out portion near the fixed portion. The contact portion is capable of contacting or separating from the corresponding moving portion.

25. The switching unit according to claim 24, characterized in that, The switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The contact portion of the second stationary contact member is provided with a first contact point and a second contact point. The first contact point can contact or separate from the first moving part, and the second contact point can contact or separate from the second moving part. B. The lead-out portion of the first stationary contact, the fixing portion of the first movable contact, and the lead-out portion of the second stationary contact are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the fixing portion of the first movable contact is disposed between the lead-out portion of the first stationary contact and the lead-out portion of the second stationary contact. C. The fixing portions of the first movable contact and the fixing portions of the second movable contact are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

26. The switching unit according to claim 24, characterized in that, The switching unit also includes a housing, with each of the fixing parts and each of the lead-out parts exposed on the same side of the housing.

27. The switching unit according to claim 26, characterized in that, The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact are spaced apart along a first direction, wherein one of the first moving parts moves closer to or away from the first stationary contact along the first direction, and the other first moving part moves closer to or away from the second stationary contact along the first direction. The first moving contact and the second moving contact are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the second moving part moves closer to or further away from the second stationary contact along the first direction. Each of the fixing parts and each of the lead-out parts are exposed on the same side of the housing along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

28. The switching unit according to claim 24, characterized in that, The switching unit further includes a housing, the housing having a first support portion, the first support portion abutting against the side of the contact portion opposite to the fixing portion along a first direction; and / or The fixing part includes a fixing plate and a support plate. The fixing plate is exposed outside the housing, and the support plate is connected to the end of the fixing plate near the stationary contact. The housing is provided with a second support part, which abuts against the side of the support plate away from the stationary contact in a first direction.

29. The switching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the first moving part and the second moving part is designated as the target moving part, and the target moving part includes at least two sub-moving parts, which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the target moving part. When the first stationary contact is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part, at least two of the sub-moving parts have different contact gaps with the first stationary contact. And / or, When the second stationary contact is disconnected from the corresponding target moving part, the contact gap between at least two of the sub-moving parts and the second stationary contact is different.

30. The switching unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching unit satisfies at least one of the following conditions: A. The static contact element is a one-piece structure; B. The moving contact is a one-piece structure; C. The material used to manufacture the static contact includes copper or copper alloy; D. The material used to manufacture the moving contact includes copper or copper alloy.

31. A relay, characterized in that, Includes the switching unit as described in any one of claims 1-30.

32. A power distribution system, characterized in that, The device includes a first power source, a second power source, two circuit connection terminals, and a relay as described in claim 31, wherein at least two of the stationary contacts include a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact, and at least two of the movable contacts include a first movable contact and a second movable contact; the first movable contact has two first moving parts, one of which forms a first switch with the first stationary contact, and the other of which forms a second switch with the second stationary contact; the second movable contact has a second moving part, and the second stationary contact further forms a third switch with the second moving part; The first switch is configured to connect the first power source to the two circuit connection terminals; The third switch is configured to connect the second power supply to the two circuit connection terminals; The second switch is configured to connect the first power supply and the second power supply in series and to the two circuit connection terminals.

33. The power distribution system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The power distribution system has at least the following two configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and both the first switch and the third switch being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first switch and the third switch being open.

34. The power distribution system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The power distribution system has at least the following four configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and both the first switch and the third switch being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first switch and the third switch being open. The third configuration state is characterized by the first switch being closed and the second and third switches being open. The fourth configuration state is characterized by the third switch being closed and the first and second switches being open.

35. The power distribution system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The power distribution system has at least the following five configuration states: The first configuration state is characterized by the second switch being open and both the first switch and the third switch being closed. The second configuration state is characterized by the second switch being closed and the first switch and the third switch being open. The third configuration state is characterized by the first switch being closed and the second and third switches being open. The fourth configuration state is characterized by the third switch being closed and the first and second switches being open. The fifth configuration state is when the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all off.

36. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the power distribution system as described in any one of claims 32-35.

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