A grid suitability low-carbon investment index over-limit linkage closed-loop control system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power supply and distribution and electric energy storage control, and discloses a grid suitability low-carbon investment index overrun linkage closed-loop control system and method, which comprises a power distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module, a low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, a suitability index arbitration control module, an energy storage active feedforward double-shaft adjustment module and a power distribution network topology dynamic switching module; the suitability index arbitration control module calculates a damping coefficient adjustment amount when a constraint feature is overrun, controls the energy storage active feedforward double-shaft adjustment module to compensate for a switch tube dead zone time delay amount, and controls a switching node to switch the power grid topology when the damping coefficient adjustment amount is overrun; the present application converts the low-carbon investment boundary into a circuit damping response, can suppress node voltage overrun without line expansion, simultaneously offsets the dead zone time delay, suppresses the temperature rise of the battery cell, and ensures the safe operation of the power supply and distribution network architecture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power supply and distribution and energy storage control technology, and particularly relates to a closed-loop control system and method for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of green and low-carbon transformation of power distribution networks, existing power supply and distribution systems and energy storage systems usually determine the power grid construction budget and energy storage configuration capacity through offline planning models in the early stage of the project, and set static low-carbon investment constraints accordingly to guide the laying of power distribution network outgoing lines and the pre-setting of inverter control parameters, so as to maintain the power balance and stable operation of the system under nominal operating conditions.

[0003] With the integration of a large number of distributed renewable energy sources into the distribution network, power fluctuations on both the power supply and load sides are becoming more frequent and exhibit greater randomness. Given limited investment budgets and the inability to upgrade all feeders, actual power flow tends to approach the carrying capacity limits of lines and nodes. Existing power distribution control systems typically cannot adjust in real-time based on low-carbon investment indicators and on-site operating conditions, leading to discrepancies between pre-planned static parameters and actual operating conditions. Consequently, some feeders may experience overload and node voltage increases, and inverter switching devices may age faster due to continuous heat accumulation. To address these issues, one approach is to increase the capacity of energy storage arrays or improve line insulation levels, but this increases grid construction and maintenance costs. Another approach is to use generator or load shedding measures, but this can easily affect power supply continuity. Adjusting inverter parameters solely through software is insufficient to eliminate switching losses and cell temperature rise caused by dead-zone trigger delays in switching transistors. Therefore, neither relying on line expansion nor using open-loop adjustments to operating parameters can effectively balance low-carbon investment constraints with the dynamic operating needs of the distribution network.

[0004] Therefore, how to coordinate low-carbon investment constraints with the real-time operation of power supply and distribution systems, and achieve coordinated control of distribution network topology adjustment and inverter dead-zone compensation under the condition of limited investment budget, remains a problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the background art, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, comprising:

[0006] The multi-dimensional status acquisition module for the distribution network is located at the node and is used to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and changes in energy storage temperature for each feeder branch.

[0007] The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module and is used to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations.

[0008] The suitability index arbitration control module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module and the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, respectively. It is used to obtain the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch and calculate the damping coefficient adjustment when the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit. The damping coefficient adjustment is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current.

[0009] The energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and output the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector.

[0010] The distribution network topology dynamic switching module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to control the switching nodes to act within 15ms when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, so as to switch the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology.

[0011] Preferably, the suitability index arbitration control module acquires the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch collected by the distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module within a fixed time window, and calculates the variance of the transient current measurement values ​​of the branch within the fixed time window; the suitability index arbitration control module determines the reciprocal of the variance as the real-time weighting factor of the low-carbon evolution constraint, and uses the real-time weighting factor to weight the carbon emission reduction deviation in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, and converts the weighted carbon emission reduction deviation into the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network frame.

[0012] Preferably, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the damping coefficient adjustment amount. The relationship satisfies: ,in, This is the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. This is the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. The transient current measurement value of the branch; the suitability index arbitration control module is based on the damping coefficient adjustment amount. Multiply by the pulse width modulation dead zone reference delay to generate a dead time feedforward compensation operator, and then superimpose the dead time feedforward compensation operator onto the pulse width modulation control signal of the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module.

[0013] Preferably, the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis regulation module includes a right-angle-axis transformation submodule and a pulse width modulation drive submodule. The right-angle-axis transformation submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module and is used to obtain the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector, and decouple the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector into a right-axis current command and a quadrature-axis current command. The pulse width modulation drive submodule is connected to the right-angle-axis transformation submodule and is used to superimpose the dead-time feedforward compensation operator onto the modulation waveform of the right-axis current command and the quadrature-axis current command, modulate the drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube, and suppress the temperature rise of the battery cell.

[0014] Preferably, the distribution network topology dynamic switching module includes a topology logic control submodule and a switch execution drive submodule; the topology logic control submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module and is used to generate a topology reconfiguration control word when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75; the switch execution drive submodule is connected to the topology logic control submodule and is located at the flexible multi-tie switch node of the distribution network. It is used to respond to the topology reconfiguration control word and control the switch node to complete the opening and closing action within 15ms, cut off the radial topology connection path and close the tie switch to form a ring network mutual assistance topology, thereby changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network.

[0015] Preferably, the low-carbon suitability constraint features stored in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module are jointly constructed based on the power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model and the multi-entity, multi-stage economic cost matrix; the low-carbon suitability constraint features include the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current, the upper limit threshold of the node voltage safety limit, the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction, and the investment budget boundary; the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module maps the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction and the investment budget boundary to the electrical operation limit of the distribution network node.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-dimensional status acquisition module of the distribution network includes a line current acquisition submodule, a node voltage acquisition submodule, and an energy storage status monitoring submodule. The line current acquisition submodule is located at the outgoing node and is used to synchronously acquire the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch at high frequency. The node voltage acquisition submodule is located at the bus node and is used to measure the node voltage phasor and the node voltage change rate. The energy storage status monitoring submodule is connected to the battery management system of the energy storage system and is used to read the transient state of charge, battery internal resistance, and temperature change of the energy storage array in real time, and transmit the transient current measurement values, node voltage phasors, and temperature change of each feeder branch to the suitability index arbitration control module.

[0017] Preferably, after the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module continuously acquires the node voltage change rate collected by the node voltage acquisition submodule. When the node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the reactive power compensation vector and sends it to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module. By adjusting the quadrature axis current command, the reactive power is output to constrain the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude within the safe voltage range.

[0018] Preferably, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module communicates with the supply chain carbon emission reduction guidance data terminal to obtain carbon emission factors and attenuation characteristic data of supply chain equipment and materials selection; when the attenuation characteristic data deviates, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module dynamically tightens the nominal value of the limit thermal stability current, so that the suitability index arbitration control module triggers the damping coefficient adjustment calculation and feedforward compensation in advance, eliminating the disturbance caused by the supply chain data deviation to the operation of the distribution network; when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75 and the distribution network topology dynamic switching module fails, the suitability index arbitration control module starts the safety degradation control; the suitability index arbitration control module issues the limit power command to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module, modulates the bidirectional converter to increase the reactive power injection ratio, smooths the node overvoltage, and ensures the continuity of power support for the power supply and distribution network.

[0019] A closed-loop control method for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, used to operate a closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, includes the following steps:

[0020] Step S1: Use the power grid multi-dimensional status acquisition module to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and energy storage temperature changes of each feeder branch.

[0021] Step S2: Use the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations;

[0022] Step S3: When the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit, the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch is obtained by using the suitability index arbitration control module and the damping coefficient adjustment amount is calculated; the damping coefficient adjustment amount is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current.

[0023] Step S4: The active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module of energy storage is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and outputs the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector.

[0024] In step S5, when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, the power grid topology dynamic switching module is used to control the switching node to operate within 15ms, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual support topology.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a closed-loop control system for grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators that exceeds limits, which has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. In the closed-loop control of the over-limit linkage of low-carbon investment indicators for power grid suitability, by combining low-carbon investment constraints with the real-time operating status of the distribution network, the carbon emission reduction deviations in the early planning can be reflected in the power grid operation control in a timely manner, avoiding the disconnect between planning parameters and on-site operating conditions. The system can adjust the operating status of the distribution network according to the changes in feeder current and node voltage, improve the power grid's ability to withstand fluctuations in new energy power, and reduce local feeder overload without upgrading the line capacity.

[0027] 2. By feedforward compensation of the dead time delay of the switching transistors of the bidirectional converter for energy storage, the switching losses and power output deviation caused by the dead time delay can be reduced, making the active and reactive power regulation of the energy storage system more timely and continuous. This can reduce the heat accumulation of inverter devices, suppress the temperature rise of battery cells, reduce the risk of overheating damage to energy storage equipment under over-limit conditions, and ensure that the energy storage system continuously provides power support to the distribution network.

[0028] 3. When the original radial distribution network can no longer withstand the current power flow, the active power flow of each branch can be redistributed by adjusting the distribution network topology in a timely manner, which can reduce the operating pressure of local lines and nodes. After adopting the ring network mutual assistance method, the voltage rise of nodes caused by the centralized access of distributed new energy sources can be reduced, voltage over-limit can be reduced, and the self-adjustment and recovery capability of the distribution network under abnormal operating conditions can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the closed-loop control of damping coefficient adjustment and topology switching in this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the multi-source node data interaction and closed-loop control structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] A closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators includes:

[0033] The multi-dimensional status acquisition module for the distribution network is located at the node and is used to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and changes in energy storage temperature for each feeder branch.

[0034] The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module and is used to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations.

[0035] The suitability index arbitration control module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module and the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, respectively. It is used to obtain the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch and calculate the damping coefficient adjustment when the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit. The damping coefficient adjustment is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current.

[0036] The energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and output the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector.

[0037] The distribution network topology dynamic switching module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to control the switching nodes to act within 15ms when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, so as to switch the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology.

[0038] Preferably, the suitability index arbitration control module acquires the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch collected by the distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module within a fixed time window, and calculates the variance of the transient current measurement values ​​of the branch within the fixed time window; the suitability index arbitration control module determines the reciprocal of the variance as the real-time weighting factor of the low-carbon evolution constraint, and uses the real-time weighting factor to weight the carbon emission reduction deviation in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, and converts the weighted carbon emission reduction deviation into the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network frame.

[0039] Preferably, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the damping coefficient adjustment amount. The relationship satisfies: ,in, This is the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. This is the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. The transient current measurement value of the branch; the suitability index arbitration control module is based on the damping coefficient adjustment amount. Multiply by the pulse width modulation dead zone reference delay to generate a dead time feedforward compensation operator, and then superimpose the dead time feedforward compensation operator onto the pulse width modulation control signal of the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module.

[0040] Preferably, the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis regulation module includes a right-angle-axis transformation submodule and a pulse width modulation drive submodule. The right-angle-axis transformation submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module and is used to obtain the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector, and decouple the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector into a right-axis current command and a quadrature-axis current command. The pulse width modulation drive submodule is connected to the right-angle-axis transformation submodule and is used to superimpose the dead-time feedforward compensation operator onto the modulation waveform of the right-axis current command and the quadrature-axis current command, modulate the drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube, and suppress the temperature rise of the battery cell.

[0041] Preferably, the distribution network topology dynamic switching module includes a topology logic control submodule and a switch execution drive submodule; the topology logic control submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module and is used to generate a topology reconfiguration control word when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75; the switch execution drive submodule is connected to the topology logic control submodule and is located at the flexible multi-tie switch node of the distribution network. It is used to respond to the topology reconfiguration control word and control the switch node to complete the opening and closing action within 15ms, cut off the radial topology connection path and close the tie switch to form a ring network mutual assistance topology, thereby changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network.

[0042] Preferably, the low-carbon suitability constraint features stored in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module are jointly constructed based on the power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model and the multi-entity, multi-stage economic cost matrix; the low-carbon suitability constraint features include the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current, the upper limit threshold of the node voltage safety limit, the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction, and the investment budget boundary; the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module maps the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction and the investment budget boundary to the electrical operation limit of the distribution network node.

[0043] Preferably, the multi-dimensional status acquisition module of the distribution network includes a line current acquisition submodule, a node voltage acquisition submodule, and an energy storage status monitoring submodule. The line current acquisition submodule is located at the outgoing node and is used to synchronously acquire the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch at high frequency. The node voltage acquisition submodule is located at the bus node and is used to measure the node voltage phasor and the node voltage change rate. The energy storage status monitoring submodule is connected to the battery management system of the energy storage system and is used to read the transient state of charge, battery internal resistance, and temperature change of the energy storage array in real time, and transmit the transient current measurement values, node voltage phasors, and temperature change of each feeder branch to the suitability index arbitration control module.

[0044] Preferably, after the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module continuously acquires the node voltage change rate collected by the node voltage acquisition submodule. When the node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the reactive power compensation vector and sends it to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module. By adjusting the quadrature axis current command, the reactive power is output to constrain the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude within the safe voltage range.

[0045] Preferably, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module communicates with the supply chain carbon emission reduction guidance data terminal to obtain carbon emission factors and attenuation characteristic data of supply chain equipment and materials selection; when the attenuation characteristic data deviates, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module dynamically tightens the nominal value of the limit thermal stability current, so that the suitability index arbitration control module triggers the damping coefficient adjustment calculation and feedforward compensation in advance, eliminating the disturbance caused by the supply chain data deviation to the operation of the distribution network; when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75 and the distribution network topology dynamic switching module fails, the suitability index arbitration control module starts the safety degradation control; the suitability index arbitration control module issues the limit power command to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module, modulates the bidirectional converter to increase the reactive power injection ratio, smooths the node overvoltage, and ensures the continuity of power support for the power supply and distribution network.

[0046] A closed-loop control method for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, used to operate a closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S1: Use the power grid multi-dimensional status acquisition module to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and energy storage temperature changes of each feeder branch.

[0048] Step S2: Use the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations;

[0049] Step S3: When the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit, the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch is obtained by using the suitability index arbitration control module and the damping coefficient adjustment amount is calculated; the damping coefficient adjustment amount is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current.

[0050] Step S4: The active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module of energy storage is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and outputs the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector.

[0051] In step S5, when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, the power grid topology dynamic switching module is used to control the switching node to operate within 15ms, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual support topology.

[0052] Example 1: Under the condition of high proportion of new energy access in the regional distribution network, the low-carbon investment budget constraint limits the physical expansion of feeder lines. The power fluctuation of distributed power sources on typical days and in typical seasons causes the branch current of the outgoing node to frequently approach the nominal value of the limit thermal stability current, which leads to the rise of node voltage and the accumulation of heat in the inverter switching tube of the bidirectional converter of the energy storage array. The system uses the line current acquisition submodule in the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module to collect the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch at high frequency at the outgoing node. The node voltage acquisition submodule is located at the bus node and is used to measure the node voltage phasor and the node voltage change rate. The energy storage status monitoring submodule is connected to the battery management system of the energy storage system to read the transient state of charge, battery internal resistance and temperature change of the energy storage array in real time. The distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module transmits the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch, node voltage phasor and temperature change to the suitability index arbitration control module as the real-time physical quantity input for low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping and circuit control.

[0053] The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module. It stores the low-carbon suitability constraint features jointly constructed by the power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model and the multi-subject, multi-stage economic cost matrix. The low-carbon suitability constraint features include carbon emission reduction deviation, nominal value of limit thermal stability current, node voltage safety upper limit threshold, cumulative carbon emission limit of all stages of equipment production and construction, and investment budget boundary. The power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model is a discrete data matrix pre-stored in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module. Based on the input equipment material selection specifications and line construction volume, it matches the corresponding unit carbon emission factor and calculates the cumulative emission. The multi-entity, multi-stage economic cost matrix is ​​composed of a weighted vector of equipment purchase cost, engineering construction cost, and life-cycle operation and maintenance cost. The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module performs weighted processing on the cumulative emissions from construction and the economic cost matrix, outputs the deviation between the investment budget boundary and carbon emission reduction, and maps the cumulative carbon emission limit and investment budget boundary of the entire process of equipment production and construction to the electrical operation limit of the distribution network node. Specifically, it reads the corresponding nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the upper limit threshold of the node voltage safety from the equipment material selection specifications and line construction engineering quantity that simultaneously meet the cumulative carbon emission limit and investment budget boundary, as the electrical operation limit of the distribution network node.

[0054] The suitability index arbitration control module acquires the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch collected by the multi-dimensional state acquisition module of the distribution network within a fixed time window, calculates the variance of the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch within the fixed time window, and determines the reciprocal of the variance as the real-time weighting factor of the low-carbon evolution constraint. The low-carbon evolution constraint takes the carbon emission reduction deviation as the weighted object. The real-time weighting factor is used to update the carbon emission reduction deviation with the degree of branch current fluctuation. The suitability index arbitration control module uses the real-time weighting factor to weight the carbon emission reduction deviation in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, and converts the weighted carbon emission reduction deviation into the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network frame.

[0055] The suitability index arbitration control module compares the transient current measurements of each feeder branch and the amplitude of the collected node voltage phasors with the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current and the node voltage safety upper limit threshold, respectively. Simultaneously, it compares the cumulative emissions calculated by the power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model and the output of the multi-entity, multi-stage economic cost matrix with the cumulative carbon emission limit and the investment budget boundary, respectively. If any comparison result exceeds the corresponding boundary, the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristic is deemed to have exceeded the limit, and the damping coefficient adjustment is calculated. ,in, This is the adjustment amount for the damping coefficient; This is the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. This is the measured value of the transient current of the branch. This is the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current.

[0056] The suitability index arbitration control module will adjust the damping coefficient. Multiplying the dead-time reference delay of the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal by the dead-time reference delay, a dead-time feedforward compensation operator is generated. This operator is then superimposed onto the PWM control signal of the active feedforward dual-axis regulation module. The orthogonal axis transformation submodule in the active feedforward dual-axis regulation module obtains the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector, and decouples them into direct-axis current commands and quadrature-axis current commands. The PWM drive submodule superimposes the dead-time feedforward compensation operator onto the modulation waveforms of the direct-axis current commands and quadrature-axis current commands. By modulating the drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter inverter switch, the dead-time trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs is compensated, and the temperature rise of the battery cell is suppressed.

[0057] When the damping coefficient adjustment amount When the value is greater than 0.75, the topology logic control submodule in the distribution network topology dynamic switching module generates a topology reconfiguration control word. The switch execution drive submodule is located at the flexible multi-tie switch node of the distribution network. In response to the topology reconfiguration control word, it controls the switch node to complete the opening and closing action within 15ms, cuts off the radial topology connection path and closes the tie switch, and switches the grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology, changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network. After the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module continuously acquires the node voltage change rate collected by the node voltage acquisition submodule. When the node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the reactive power compensation vector and sends it to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis regulation module. By adjusting the quadrature axis current command, the reactive power output is constrained to the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude within the safe voltage range.

[0058] The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module communicates with the supply chain carbon reduction guidance data terminal to obtain carbon emission factors and attenuation characteristic data for equipment and material selection in the supply chain. When the attenuation characteristic data deviates, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module dynamically tightens the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. The updated nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current is then substituted into the calculation of the damping coefficient adjustment, enabling the suitability index arbitration control module to perform the calculation and feedforward compensation of the damping coefficient adjustment in advance. When the value is greater than 0.75 and the distribution network topology dynamic switching module fails, the suitability index arbitration control module initiates safety degradation control. The suitability index arbitration control module determines the current allowable charging and discharging power of the energy storage array based on the transient state of charge, battery internal resistance, and temperature change read by the energy storage status monitoring submodule. This allowable charging and discharging power is used as the boundary of the limit power command. The active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector are constrained within the available power range of the bidirectional converter. The bidirectional converter is also modulated to increase the reactive power injection ratio, smooth out node overvoltage, and maintain the power support of the power supply and distribution network.

[0059] The above processing maps the carbon emission reduction deviation and investment budget boundary to the electrical operating limits of the distribution network nodes and the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network frame. The damping coefficient adjustment is used to generate the dead time feedforward compensation operator, and when it is greater than 0.75, it triggers the distribution network topology dynamic switching module. Without physically coarsening and expanding the feeder lines, this linkage process smooths out the node voltage over-limit, compensates for the dead time trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube and suppresses the temperature rise of the battery cells, and maintains the steady-state operation of the power supply and distribution network frame and the energy storage system.

[0060] Example 2: This example uses a hybrid test platform combining hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a 10kV distribution network and a physical microgrid. The test platform is equipped with multiple outgoing nodes composed of high-proportion distributed photovoltaic and wind power simulators. The signal source superimposes 20dB Gaussian white noise and 50Hz power frequency harmonics into the input signal. The sampling period balances data acquisition timeliness with processor computational load. When the transient current measurement value of the branch... When the main frequency of the spectrum is concentrated below 100Hz, the fixed time window is set to 20ms to cover one power frequency cycle and avoid signal aliasing. The nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current of the test circuit is then determined. Set to 600 amperes, the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. Set to 200 amperes, the rated bus voltage is 10kV.

[0061] The experiment included three control groups: the prototype group, control group 1, control group 2, and an out-of-range control group. Control group 1 used only static power control without dead-time feedforward compensation or topology switching. Control group 2 performed dead-time feedforward compensation but locked the distribution network as a radial topology. The out-of-range control group set the topology switching threshold to 0.90 and the compensation amount of the dead-time feedforward compensation operator to 5.5 μs. This compensation amount exceeded the dead-time trigger delay range of 3.0 μs to 4.5 μs for the inverter switch of the bidirectional converter. The injected power of the distributed generation was gradually increased over a 100-second test period to increase the transient current measurement value of the branch at the outgoing node. The current increases from 220 amperes to 580 amperes in a stepwise manner.

[0062] When the transient current measurement value of the branch When the current is 220 amps, 260 amps, and 290 amps respectively, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the damping coefficient adjustment based on the relationship between the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current, the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current, and the measured value of the branch transient current. The values ​​are 0.95, 0.85, and 0.78 respectively, all greater than 0.75. Based on this, the topology logic control submodule generates the topology reconfiguration control word. The switch execution drive submodule completes the switching node opening and closing actions in 13.8ms, 14.1ms, and 14.3ms respectively. The time for each action is less than 15ms, and the power grid is switched from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology.

[0063] Under the above three operating conditions, the upper limit of the bus voltage of control group 1 is 10.35kV, 10.48kV and 10.62kV respectively, and the upper limit of the bus voltage of control group 2 is 10.34kV, 10.46kV and 10.59kV respectively. After the topology switching is completed, the upper limit of the bus voltage of the sample group of the present invention is 10.32kV, 10.38kV and 10.41kV respectively. At the same time, the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module superimposes the dead time feedforward compensation operator onto the modulation waveform of the direct axis current command and the quadrature axis current command. Under the same input conditions, the cell temperature rise of control group 1 is 3.8℃, 5.2℃ and 7.1℃ respectively, and the cell temperature rise of the sample group of the present invention is 3.6℃, ​​3.8℃ and 4.1℃ respectively.

[0064] When the transient current measurement value of the branch The damping coefficient adjustment is calculated as the current increases sequentially to 310 amps, 350 amps, 400 amps, 450 amps, 500 amps, 550 amps, and 580 amps. The values ​​are 0.73, 0.63, 0.50, 0.38, 0.25, 0.13, and 0.05, respectively, all below 0.75. Under these conditions, the dynamic switching module for the distribution network topology does not trigger any switching action. The sample group of this invention continues to perform dead-zone feedforward compensation through the active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module for energy storage. Its upper limit of bus voltage is 10.71kV, 10.84kV, 10.96kV, 11.08kV, 11.16kV, 11.22kV, and 11.28kV, respectively, according to the aforementioned current order. The cell temperature rise is 4.3℃, 4.4℃, 4.5℃, 4.6℃, 4.7℃, 4.8℃, and 4.9℃, respectively.

[0065] Under the same seven input conditions, the upper limits of the bus voltage in control group 1 were 10.75kV, 10.88kV, 11.02kV, 11.15kV, 11.24kV, 11.31kV, and 11.38kV, respectively, and the cell temperature rises were 8.6℃, 10.4℃, 12.3℃, 14.5℃, 16.2℃, 17.8℃, and 18.6℃, respectively. Control group 2 maintained a radial topology, and its upper limits of the bus voltage were 10.72kV, 10.85kV, 10.98kV, 11.11kV, 11.20kV, 11.26kV, and 11.32kV, respectively. This shows that with the adjustment of the damping coefficient... When the topology switching conditions are not met, the dead-time feedforward compensation operator continues to act on the pulse width modulation control signal of the bidirectional converter, so that the cell temperature rise of the sample group of the present invention remains slow as the transient current of the branch increases.

[0066] For the out-of-range control group, the compensation amount of 5.5 μs caused the pulse width modulation drive duty cycle to be overcompensated, accompanied by high-order harmonics and current distortion, and the cell temperature rose to 9.8℃. This result is compared with the cell temperature rise change when the sample group of this invention performs feedforward compensation in the dead zone trigger delay range of 3.0 μs to 4.5 μs, indicating that the dead time feedforward compensation operator should compensate for the dead zone trigger delay in this range.

[0067] In this embodiment, the damping coefficient adjustment amount Simultaneously serving as the control input for dead-time feedforward compensation and distribution network topology switching, when it is greater than 0.75, the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes physical topology reconstruction, and the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module synchronously executes dead-time feedforward compensation; when it is less than 0.75, topology switching stops, and dead-time feedforward compensation continues to act on the bidirectional converter, thereby forming a linkage control between low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics, energy storage power regulation, and distribution network topology switching.

[0068] Example 3: The line current acquisition submodule is located at the outgoing node, and uses a current transformer to synchronously acquire the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch at a high sampling frequency of 10kHz. The sampled signal is filtered by a first-order low-pass anti-aliasing filter to remove high-frequency harmonics and then written into a ring buffer register. The suitability index arbitration control module continuously extracts 200 sampling points from the ring buffer register and calculates the transient current measurement value of the branch according to a fixed time window of 20ms corresponding to the power frequency of 50Hz. The discrete variance is used to determine the reciprocal of the discrete variance as a real-time weighting factor for low-carbon evolution constraints, and this real-time weighting factor is used to weight the carbon emission reduction deviation in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module.

[0069] In the process of converting carbon emission reduction deviation into the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module first maps the carbon emission reduction deviation to the upper limit of the thermal stability power margin of the outgoing branches. Then, it uses the reciprocal of the current dispersion variance as a weight to reflect the smoothness of the current and standardizes the upper limit of the thermal stability power margin to obtain a dimensionless electrical steady-state damping coefficient. This establishes a correspondence between the carbon emission reduction deviation and the ability of the power supply and distribution network to resist transient power fluctuations. When the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit, the suitability index arbitration control module determines the appropriate threshold based on the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. Standard steady-state operating current nominal value and branch transient current measurement value Calculate the damping coefficient adjustment amount The calculation result is then written to the arithmetic register.

[0070] The orthogonal axis transformation submodule in the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis regulation module receives the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector output by the suitability index arbitration control module, decouples them and converts them into direct-axis current commands and quadrature-axis current commands, and the suitability index arbitration control module obtains the damping coefficient adjustment amount. Then, using the value 1 as the baseline parameter, Multiplying the active power of the energy storage system by its rated active power yields the active power reduction target. When the bus node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the difference between the real-time voltage phasor and the rated voltage phasor is calculated to obtain the voltage deviation. The voltage deviation is then multiplied by the preset reactive power adjustment gain coefficient to determine the amplitude and phase of the reactive power compensation vector. The suitability index arbitration control module transmits the active power reduction target and the reactive power compensation vector in parallel to the direct-axis and quadrature-axis transformation submodule to form the corresponding direct-axis current command and quadrature-axis current command.

[0071] The pulse width modulation (PWM) driver submodule sets the PWM dead-time reference delay to 4.5 μs, adjusted by the damping coefficient. The dead-time feedforward compensation operator is generated by multiplying the pulse width modulation dead-time reference delay with the pulse width modulation (PWM) time. This operator is superimposed on the sinusoidal modulation waveforms of the direct-axis current command and the quadrature-axis current command. The PWM drive submodule modulates the drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter inverter switch by updating the PWM register, thereby providing feedforward compensation for the dead-time trigger delay in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs and suppressing the battery cell temperature rise. The damping coefficient adjustment amount... When the dead time feedforward compensation operator changes, it changes proportionally to keep the compensation amount corresponding to the current damping coefficient adjustment. When the dead time trigger delay is less than 3.0μs, there is a risk of shoot-through short circuit and damage to the devices in the upper and lower arms of the bidirectional converter. When the dead time trigger delay is greater than 4.5μs, the output waveform distortion increases and the heat accumulation in the battery cell is aggravated. Therefore, 3.0μs to 4.5μs is taken as the compensation range for the dead time trigger delay.

[0072] The distribution network topology dynamic switching module directly adjusts the damping coefficient. Compared to 0.75, when the damping coefficient adjustment amount When the value is greater than 0.75, the topology logic control submodule generates a topology reconfiguration control word, with the value 1 and the damping coefficient adjustment amount. The difference is used as the line current overload stress coefficient to reverse-check the correspondence between the branch transient current change and the line thermal stability margin change, and does not replace the damping coefficient adjustment. Compared to a trigger value of 0.75, in the anti-maloperation verification mode, when initially in the ring network switching evaluation phase, the topology logic control submodule uses the line current overload stress coefficient to verify the direction of margin change and adjusts the damping coefficient accordingly. Output the topology reconfiguration control word when the condition greater than 0.75 is met.

[0073] The switch execution drive submodule is located at the flexible multi-tie switch node of the distribution network. After receiving the topology reconfiguration control word, it sends a disconnect signal within 5ms according to the mechanical action logic of disconnecting before closing and the electrical interlocking relationship, cutting off the radial topology connection path. After detecting the zero-crossing arc extinguishing signal, it sends a closing signal within 10ms to open the tie switch, so that the switch node completes the opening and closing action within 15ms, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology, and changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network.

[0074] When the damping coefficient adjustment amount If the value is greater than 0.75 and the switch execution drive submodule does not receive a contact closure feedback signal within 15ms, the suitability index arbitration control module determines that the distribution network topology dynamic switching module has experienced a switching fault, initiates safety degradation control, issues a limit power command to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module, modulates the bidirectional converter to increase the reactive power injection ratio, smooths out node overvoltage, and maintains the power support of the power supply and distribution network frame.

[0075] Example 4: This example combines Figures 1 to 2 This paper describes a closed-loop control system and method for over-limit linkage of low-carbon investment indicators for power grid suitability, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in step S1, the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch, node voltage phasors, and energy storage temperature changes are collected using the power grid multi-dimensional state acquisition module. Step S1 is executed sequentially to step S2. In step S2, the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics containing carbon emission reduction deviations are stored using the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module. Step S2 is executed sequentially to step S3. In step S3, when the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit, the suitability index arbitration control module obtains the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch and calculates the damping coefficient adjustment. The damping coefficient adjustment is the difference between the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current and the measured value of the branch transient current, excluding... Based on the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current, step S3 is executed sequentially to step S4. In step S4, the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and outputs the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector. Step S4 is executed sequentially to step S5. In step S5, when the damping coefficient adjustment amount is greater than 0.75, the distribution network topology dynamic switching module is used to control the switching node to act within 15ms, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology.

[0076] like Figure 2As shown, the supply chain data terminal is connected to the attenuation characteristic data acquisition terminal, which transmits the attenuation characteristic data to the damping coefficient adjustment calculation terminal. The outgoing node is connected to the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch, which transmits the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch to the damping coefficient adjustment calculation terminal. The damping coefficient adjustment calculation terminal outputs control signals to the compensation dead zone trigger delay and the switching ring network mutual assistance topology, respectively. The compensation dead zone trigger delay is connected to the energy storage system, and the switching ring network mutual assistance topology is connected to the flexible multi-connection node.

[0077] Example 5: Before the power supply and distribution network is put into operation, the line current acquisition submodule and the node voltage acquisition submodule are calibrated for hardware zero-point offset. When the distribution network is under no-load conditions, the two acquisition submodules continuously acquire current and voltage signals for 100 power frequency cycles at a sampling frequency of 10kHz. The average value of each sampling channel is calculated to generate the sensor zero-point offset vector, which is written into the calibration register of the suitability index arbitration control module. In the subsequent high-frequency synchronous acquisition process, the suitability index arbitration control module deducts the corresponding sensor zero-point offset vector from each sample value.

[0078] The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module connects to the supply chain carbon emission reduction guidance data terminal, reads the cumulative carbon emission limits of the entire process of equipment production and construction, as well as the initial degradation characteristic data of the equipment, and calibrates the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. The initial static reference is written into memory as the damping coefficient adjustment amount. The baseline input for the calculation.

[0079] When the supply chain degradation characteristic data obtained by the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module deviates by more than 5% from the initial setting, the system initiates dynamic boundary correction, using the material thermal aging degradation coefficient to correct the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. The corrected nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current is obtained. : ,in, This is the corrected nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. It is a dimensionless coefficient of thermal aging degradation of the material.

[0080] The suitability index arbitration control module will adjust the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. Replace the original reference value and combine it with the branch transient current measurement value. Recalculate the damping coefficient adjustment amount The dead zone feedforward compensation is performed based on the recalculated damping coefficient adjustment. Thus, when the supply chain attenuation characteristic data deviates, the calculation of the damping coefficient adjustment and feedforward compensation can be started without waiting for the branch transient current measurement value to reach the state corresponding to the original nominal value of the limit thermal stability current.

[0081] When the recalculated damping coefficient adjustment amount When the value is greater than 0.75, the topology logic control submodule generates a topology reconfiguration control word, and the switch execution drive submodule responds to the topology reconfiguration control word. Within 15ms, it controls the switch node to complete the switching action, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology, changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network, suppressing node overvoltage, and maintaining the operation of the power supply and distribution network.

[0082] Example 6: The node voltage acquisition submodule is located at the bus node. During the static commissioning phase before the distribution network is put into operation, the test terminal inputs a sinusoidal voltage excitation containing high-order harmonics in the frequency domain and a 5% amplitude step-up. The node voltage acquisition submodule acquires the corresponding voltage response waveform. The suitability index arbitration control module performs first-order difference on the node voltage phasor to obtain the node voltage change rate. It also statistically analyzes the variance envelope of the voltage change rate under the disturbance-free steady-state condition within 50 consecutive power frequency cycles. 1.2 times the upper limit of the variance envelope is determined as the preset change rate threshold and written into the solid-state storage register as the reactive power compensation trigger benchmark after the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching.

[0083] After the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module continuously acquires the node voltage change rate. When the node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the transient overvoltage deviation is multiplied by the voltage regulation gain to calculate the reactive power compensation vector, which is then sent to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis regulation module. The orthogonal axis conversion submodule decouples the reactive power compensation vector into an orthogonal axis current command. The pulse width modulation drive submodule adjusts the orthogonal axis drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter accordingly and outputs the reactive power absorption waveform to constrain the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude within the safe voltage range.

[0084] To suppress secondary oscillations in the bus voltage after topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module adopts a hysteresis control rule that includes a 2ms delay judgment and amplitude hysteresis. When the node voltage acquisition submodule detects that the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude has returned to the safe voltage range of ±5% of the rated voltage and has been maintained for 100ms, the suitability index arbitration control module resets the trigger state of the preset rate of change threshold. During the adjustment process, the pulse width modulation drive submodule in the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module keeps the dead time feedforward compensation operator in continuous operation, so that the dead time trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube is maintained within the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs, reducing the temperature rise of the battery cell caused by the heat accumulation of the switch tube, and cooperating with the distribution network topology dynamic switching module to complete the bus voltage regulation.

[0085] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit of this application and the scope of protection of this invention, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators, characterized in that, Include: The multi-dimensional status acquisition module for the distribution network is located at the node and is used to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and changes in energy storage temperature for each feeder branch. The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional state acquisition module and is used to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations. The suitability index arbitration control module is connected to the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module and the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module respectively. It is used to obtain the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch and calculate the damping coefficient adjustment when the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit. The damping coefficient adjustment is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. The energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and output the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector. The distribution network topology dynamic switching module is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module. It is used to control the switching nodes to act within 15ms when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, so as to switch the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual assistance topology.

2. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suitability index arbitration control module acquires the transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch collected by the distribution network multi-dimensional status acquisition module within a fixed time window, and calculates the variance of the transient current measurement values ​​of the branch within the fixed time window; The suitability index arbitration control module determines the reciprocal of the variance as the real-time weighting factor for low-carbon evolution constraints, and uses the real-time weighting factor to weight the carbon emission reduction deviation in the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module, converting the weighted carbon emission reduction deviation into the electrical steady-state damping coefficient of the power supply and distribution network.

3. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suitability index arbitration control module calculates the damping coefficient adjustment amount. The relationship satisfies: ,in, This is the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current. This is the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. The transient current measurement value of the branch; the suitability index arbitration control module is based on the damping coefficient adjustment amount. Multiply by the pulse width modulation dead zone reference delay to generate a dead time feedforward compensation operator, and then superimpose the dead time feedforward compensation operator onto the pulse width modulation control signal of the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module.

4. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module includes an orthogonal axis transformation submodule and a pulse width modulation drive submodule; The orthogonal axis transformation submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module to obtain the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector, and decouples the active power reduction target and reactive power compensation vector into direct axis current command and quadrature axis current command. The pulse width modulation drive submodule is connected to the orthogonal axis conversion submodule. It is used to superimpose the dead time feedforward compensation operator onto the modulation waveforms of the orthogonal axis current command and the direct axis current command, modulate the drive duty cycle of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube, and suppress the temperature rise of the battery cell.

5. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution network topology dynamic switching module includes a topology logic control submodule and a switch execution drive submodule. The topology logic control submodule is connected to the suitability index arbitration control module and is used to generate a topology reconfiguration control word when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.

75. The switch execution drive submodule is connected to the topology logic control submodule and is located at the flexible multi-tie switch node of the distribution network. It is used to respond to the topology reconfiguration control word and control the switch node to complete the opening and closing action within 15ms, cut off the radial topology connection path and close the tie switch to form a ring network mutual assistance topology, thereby changing the active power flow distribution path of the distribution network.

6. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module stores low-carbon suitability constraint features based on the power grid engineering carbon emission accounting model and the multi-entity, multi-stage economic cost matrix. The low-carbon suitability constraint features include the nominal value of the limiting thermal stability current, the upper limit threshold of the node voltage safety limit, the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction, and the investment budget boundary. The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module maps the cumulative limit of carbon emissions in all stages of equipment production and construction and the investment budget boundary to the electrical operation limit of the distribution network node.

7. A closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional status acquisition module for the power distribution network includes a line current acquisition submodule, a node voltage acquisition submodule, and an energy storage status monitoring submodule. The line current acquisition submodule is located at the outgoing node and is used to acquire transient current measurement values ​​of each feeder branch at high frequency and synchronously. The node voltage acquisition submodule is located at the bus node and is used to measure the node voltage phasor and the node voltage change rate. The energy storage status monitoring submodule is connected to the battery management system of the energy storage system. It is used to read the transient state of charge, battery internal resistance and temperature change of the energy storage array in real time, and transmit the transient current measurement value, node voltage phasor and temperature change of each feeder branch to the suitability index arbitration control module.

8. The grid suitability low-carbon investment index over-limit linkage closed-loop control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the distribution network topology dynamic switching module completes the topology switching, the suitability index arbitration control module continuously acquires the node voltage change rate collected by the node voltage acquisition submodule. When the node voltage change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the suitability index arbitration control module calculates the reactive power compensation vector and sends it to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module. By adjusting the quadrature axis current command, the reactive power output is constrained to the bus voltage fluctuation amplitude within the safe voltage range.

9. The closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability and low-carbon investment indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module communicates with the supply chain carbon emission reduction guidance data terminal to obtain carbon emission factors and attenuation characteristic data of supply chain equipment and materials selection. When the attenuation characteristic data deviates, the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module dynamically tightens the nominal value of the limit thermal stability current, causing the suitability index arbitration control module to trigger the damping coefficient adjustment calculation and feedforward compensation in advance, eliminating the disturbance caused by the supply chain data deviation to the operation of the distribution network. When the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75 and the distribution network topology dynamic switching module fails, the suitability index arbitration control module starts the safety degradation control. The suitability index arbitration control module issues the limit power command to the energy storage active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module, modulates the bidirectional converter to increase the reactive power injection ratio, smooths the node overvoltage, and ensures the continuity of power support for the power supply and distribution network.

10. A closed-loop control method for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability low-carbon investment indicators, used to operate the closed-loop control system for exceeding the limits of power grid suitability low-carbon investment indicators as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step S1: Use the power grid multi-dimensional status acquisition module to collect transient current measurements, node voltage phasors, and energy storage temperature changes of each feeder branch. Step S2: Use the low-carbon investment dynamic boundary mapping module to store low-carbon suitability constraint features containing carbon emission reduction deviations; Step S3: When the low-carbon suitability constraint characteristics exceed the limit, the transient current measurement value of each feeder branch is obtained by using the suitability index arbitration control module and the damping coefficient adjustment is calculated. The damping coefficient adjustment is the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the measured value of the transient current of the branch, divided by the difference between the nominal value of the ultimate thermal stability current and the nominal value of the standard steady-state operating current. Step S4: The active feedforward dual-axis adjustment module of energy storage is used to compensate for the dead zone trigger delay of the bidirectional converter inverter switch tube in the range of 3.0μs to 4.5μs according to the damping coefficient adjustment amount, and outputs the active power reduction target amount and reactive power compensation vector. In step S5, when the damping coefficient adjustment is greater than 0.75, the power grid topology dynamic switching module is used to control the switching node to operate within 15ms, switching the power grid from a radial topology to a ring network mutual support topology.

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