Balancing current generation method, apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power system automation, and discloses a balanced current generation method, device, equipment and storage medium, the method comprising: acquiring operation parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, performing scene identification based on the operation parameters, obtaining a power exchange scene, performing balanced current calculation based on the operation parameters and the power exchange scene, obtaining an initial balanced current, and correcting the initial balanced current according to the constraint parameters to obtain a balanced current; since the application identifies the power exchange scene in real time through the operation parameters of the battery pack, dynamically determines the initial balanced current according to different scenes and actual working conditions, and clips the initial balanced current through the constraint parameters of the battery pack to obtain the actual balanced current, the current is evenly distributed among the battery packs, and the safety of the DCDC parallel operation system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system automation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for generating equalization current. Background Technology

[0002] In parallel DC-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current Converter) systems, it is necessary to maintain voltage balance among battery packs. Related technologies pursue voltage consistency without considering current distribution requirements, or only control load balance at the analog level, failing to dynamically adjust control strategies under different scenarios. This causes some battery packs to be in a state of current imbalance for a long time, resulting in battery pack overload or underload, which endangers the safety of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for generating equal current, which aims to solve the technical problem in DC-DC parallel systems where it is necessary to maintain voltage balance among battery packs. Related technologies pursue voltage consistency without considering current distribution requirements, or only control load balance at the analog level, and cannot dynamically adjust control strategies under different scenarios. This results in some battery packs being in a state of current imbalance for a long time, leading to battery pack overload or underload, which endangers the safety of the system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a method for generating equalizing current, the method comprising: The operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack are obtained, and the power exchange scenario is obtained based on the operating parameters. Based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario, the initial equalization current is calculated. The initial equalization current is corrected according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

[0005] Optionally, the step of calculating the balancing current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario to obtain the initial balancing current includes: Based on the aforementioned operating parameters, voltage deviation is calculated to obtain the voltage equalization current; Based on the power exchange scenario, scenario current allocation is performed to obtain scenario-shared bias current; An initial equalization current is generated based on the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current.

[0006] Optionally, generating the initial equalization current based on the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current includes: If the direction of the scenario-shared bias current is opposite to the direction of the current in the power exchange scenario, then the scenario-shared bias current is set to a preset value. The voltage equalization current and the scenario-shared bias current are superimposed to obtain the initial equalization current.

[0007] Optionally, the step of correcting the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current includes: The upper limit threshold of the current is determined according to the constraint parameters, and the initial equalization current is compared with the upper limit threshold of the current. If the initial equalization current is greater than the upper current threshold, then the initial equalization current is limited to the upper current threshold to obtain an equalization current.

[0008] Optionally, after determining the upper current threshold based on the constraint parameters and comparing the initial equalization current with the upper current threshold, the method further includes: If the initial equalization current is less than or equal to the upper current threshold, then the initial equalization current is used as the equalization current.

[0009] Optionally, the step of obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scenario, includes: The operating status of each battery pack is detected and the safety boundary parameters of each battery pack are read to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack. The operating parameters include battery pack voltage, battery pack current and bus current. The sum of the currents of each battery pack is compared with the bus current to check the deviation, and the check result is obtained. The power exchange scenario is determined based on the check result.

[0010] Optionally, before obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene, the method further includes: Detect hard fault signals in each battery pack and obtain the detection results; If the detection result indicates the presence of a hard fault, the equalization current generation process is interrupted, and a zero-current command is issued to each battery pack. If the detection result indicates that there is no hard fault, then the following steps are performed: obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene.

[0011] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes an equalization current generating device, which includes: The scene recognition module is used to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and to perform scene recognition based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene; The equalization current calculation module is used to calculate the equalization current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario to obtain the initial equalization current. The equalization current correction module is used to correct the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

[0012] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes an equalization current generation device, which includes a memory, a processor, and an equalization current generation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The equalization current generation program is configured to implement the equalization current generation method as described above.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium storing a current equalization generation program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the current equalization generation method as described above.

[0014] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: This application discloses the acquisition of operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, scenario identification based on the operating parameters to obtain power exchange scenarios, calculation of balancing current based on the operating parameters and power exchange scenarios to obtain an initial balancing current, and correction of the initial balancing current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the final balancing current. Because this application identifies power exchange scenarios in real time through battery pack operating parameters, dynamically determines the initial balancing current according to different scenarios and actual operating conditions, and trims the initial balancing current to obtain the actual balancing current through the constraint parameters of the battery pack, the current is evenly distributed among the battery packs, ensuring the safety of the DC-DC parallel system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system implementation of an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of dual-target superposition equalization current generation according to an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage frame polling process in an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scene recognition process of an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the batch scheduling timing during read and write operations in an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the equalization current generation device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the equalization current generation method in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0020] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] This application provides a method for generating equalized current, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application.

[0022] In the first embodiment, the equalization current generation method includes: Step S10: Obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and perform scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene.

[0023] It should be noted that the execution subject of this embodiment can be a current balancing device with data processing, network communication and program running functions, such as a battery management system main control unit, a DC-DC parallel system, an energy storage system energy management controller, or other electronic devices that can achieve the same or similar functions. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0024] It should be understood that the battery pack can be a sodium battery pack, a lithium battery pack, or other types of rechargeable battery pack.

[0025] Operating parameters include, but are not limited to, battery pack voltage, battery pack current, and bus current. Constraint parameters include, but are not limited to, the battery pack's charging current limit, discharging current limit, temperature current limit, upper limit of individual cell voltage protection, and lower limit of individual cell voltage protection. Power exchange scenarios can be operating condition types that characterize the current energy flow direction between the battery pack and external circuits.

[0026] In the specific implementation, the voltage and current signals of each battery pack are first collected in real time through sampling circuits and communication buses, and the local safety upper limit information of each battery pack is read. Then, the operating parameters and constraint parameters are obtained by summarizing them. Finally, based on the real-time operating status of the battery pack represented by the operating parameters, the current power exchange scenario is determined through a preset scenario recognition strategy. Power exchange scenarios include, but are not limited to, external charging scenarios, external discharging scenarios, internal circulation scenarios, and uncertain scenarios. Each battery pack is connected in parallel to the same DC bus through its own independent DC-DC converter, forming a DC-DC parallel system. The bus is located on the high-voltage side of each DC-DC converter, and the outputs of all converters are physically connected in parallel here.

[0027] Step S20: Calculate the equalization current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario to obtain the initial equalization current.

[0028] It should be understood that the initial equalization current can be the original equalization current requirement value calculated based on the differences in state between battery packs through a preset algorithm or mapping relationship, without safety constraint verification.

[0029] In the specific implementation, the operating parameters are input into a dual-objective superimposed equalization current calculation model to obtain the initial equalization current. The dual objectives are voltage equalization and scenario-based power sharing. The voltage equalization objective is to make the voltage of each battery pack more consistent, preventing overcharging or over-discharging of a single pack due to voltage differences. The scenario-based power sharing objective is to ensure that each battery pack evenly shares the power exchange demand on the bus side according to the current power exchange scenario. Different power exchange scenarios correspond to different equalization current calculation models. Each equalization current calculation model is used to represent the mapping relationship between the state deviation between battery packs and the required equalization current under the corresponding power exchange scenario. The calculated initial equalization current can respond to the degree of inconsistency between battery packs and is coordinated with the current current direction to avoid conflicts between equalization actions and main circuit power transmission.

[0030] Step S30: Correct the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

[0031] It should be understood that the equalization current can be at least one of the following parameters that can characterize the amount of energy redistribution between battery packs: target equalization current value, equalization current command, equalization power value, and normalized equalization coefficient.

[0032] In the specific implementation, the initial equalization current is compared and verified with the safety upper limit information of each battery pack. When the initial equalization current exceeds the allowable range limited by the safety upper limit information, the initial equalization current is limited or scaled according to the safety upper limit information to obtain the target equalization current that meets the safety constraints, ensuring that the equalization process is always within the safe working boundary.

[0033] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 2 Examples are provided for illustration only, but are not intended to limit this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall system implementation of an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 2 As shown, multiple 48V battery packs are connected to the same 58V DC bus in an energy storage system or electric vehicle system via DC-DC boost converters. Each battery pack is equipped with an independent DC-DC boost converter to boost the battery pack voltage to the same bus voltage. The outputs of all converters are connected in parallel to the same DC bus to supply power to external loads or receive charging from external charging sources.

[0034] This embodiment identifies power exchange scenarios in real time through battery pack operating parameters, dynamically determines the initial equalization current based on different scenarios and actual operating conditions, and corrects the initial equalization current through the constraint parameters of the battery pack to obtain the actual equalization current, so as to achieve a balanced current distribution among battery packs and ensure the safety of the DC-DC parallel system operation.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application, based on the above. Figure 1 The first embodiment shown presents a second embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application.

[0036] In the second embodiment, step S20 includes: Step S201: Calculate the voltage deviation based on the operating parameters to obtain the voltage equalization current.

[0037] It should be understood that the voltage equalization current can be a target current value or its corresponding control command calculated based on the voltage difference between battery packs through a preset mapping relationship.

[0038] In practical implementation, firstly, based on the voltage values ​​of each battery pack in the operating parameters, the voltage deviation between each battery pack voltage and the average voltage or reference voltage of the parallel system is calculated. Then, this voltage deviation is input into a preset voltage-current mapping function for calculation. The mapping function can be a proportional coefficient, a piecewise linear interpolation table, or a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm. The calculation result represents the voltage equalization current value representing the energy transfer rate required to eliminate the current voltage inconsistency. This value reflects the adjustment requirements for state differences between battery packs.

[0039] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. In one example, the voltage equalization current can be the negative of the product of the voltage difference and the gain coefficient. The voltage difference can be the difference between the current battery pack voltage and the average voltage of the parallel system, and the gain coefficient is a configurable parameter used to adjust the equalization speed. To avoid frequent adjustments caused by small voltage differences, a dead-zone threshold can be set; the voltage equalization current only takes effect when the absolute value of the voltage difference exceeds this threshold. Through this mechanism, the high-voltage battery pack generates an equalization current in the discharge direction, and the low-voltage battery pack generates an equalization current in the charging direction, thereby driving the voltages of each battery pack to tend towards uniformity.

[0040] Step S202: Based on the power exchange scenario, perform scenario current allocation to obtain scenario-shared bias current.

[0041] It should be understood that the scenario-shared bias current can be an additional current component that is superimposed on the voltage balancing current to adapt to the scenario requirements, determined according to the type of the current power exchange scenario and the power carrying capacity or thermal state of each battery pack in that scenario.

[0042] In the specific implementation, the power exchange scenario identifier of the current DC-DC parallel system is first identified, and the real-time status parameters of each battery pack under this scenario are obtained. Before calculating the scenario-allocated bias current, a dynamic filtering mechanism for battery pack eligibility can be introduced to count battery packs that simultaneously meet the following conditions: (a) Possesses power execution capabilities that match the current power exchange scenario direction; (b) The voltage deviation at the battery pack terminals is within the preset safety threshold, and it has been assessed that applying the shared bias current will not cause further deterioration of voltage consistency; (c) The communication link is normal and valid status feedback data is continuously received within the preset time window.

[0043] Battery packs that do not meet any of the above conditions are not counted in the valid quantity and are not included in subsequent calculations. Finally, based on the preset scenario bias strategy library or dynamic weight allocation algorithm, the basic power flow allocation ratio or safety compensation amount that each branch should bear in a specific scenario is determined and converted into the corresponding scenario-shared bias current value.

[0044] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. In one example, the scenario-allocated bias current can be dynamically calculated based on the current power exchange scenario and the total system current distribution status, and it only takes effect when the system is in an external charging or discharging scenario. The specific calculation steps are as follows: First, count the number of battery packs that currently have the capability to execute the scenario and whose voltage deviation meets the preset conditions, and record them as the number of effective battery packs; then calculate the quotient of the total system current and the number of effective battery packs plus 1 to obtain the target average current; then calculate the difference between the actual current of the specified reference battery pack and the target average current to obtain the current distribution deviation; finally, divide the current distribution deviation by the number of effective battery packs to obtain the scenario-allocated bias current of a single battery pack.

[0045] Step S203: Generate an initial equalization current based on the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current.

[0046] In the specific implementation, the voltage equalization current and the scene-allocated bias current are algebraically superimposed or weighted and fused to obtain a composite current value that comprehensively reflects the dual objectives of voltage consistency regulation and scene power adaptation. This composite current value is the original demand value without safety boundary verification and hardware limiting processing, and this composite current value is used as the initial equalization current.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to prevent the voltage balancing target and the scene sharing target from opposing each other, resulting in abnormally large current and endangering system safety, step S203 includes: if the direction of the scene sharing bias current is opposite to the current direction of the power exchange scene, then the scene sharing bias current is set to a preset value; the voltage balancing current and the scene sharing bias current are superimposed to obtain an initial balancing current.

[0048] It should be understood that the current direction in a power exchange scenario can refer to the rated current flow direction for energy transfer between the battery pack and an external load or power source under external charging or discharging conditions.

[0049] In the specific implementation, the type identifier and corresponding current direction flag of the current power exchange scenario are first obtained. Then, it is determined whether the direction of the scenario-allocated bias current is consistent with the current direction of the current power exchange scenario. When the direction of the scenario-allocated bias current is opposite to the current direction of the current power exchange scenario, if the original calculated values ​​are still superimposed, the voltage equalization current component and the scenario-allocated current component will form a unidirectional cumulative effect on the same battery pack. This will cause the instantaneous current demand of the battery pack to far exceed the safety threshold, triggering overcurrent protection, causing a surge in device thermal stress, or even cell damage and other safety risks. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the reverse scenario-allocated bias current to a preset value. The preset value can be zero or a safety limit value with the same current direction as the power exchange scenario.

[0050] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit the scope of this application. In one example, under external discharge scenario, if the calculated scenario-allocated bias current is positive (i.e., the current allocated bias current is in the charging direction), the scenario-allocated bias current is forcibly reset to zero to ensure that the allocated bias current of all battery packs is either in the discharge direction or zero. Under external charging scenario, if the calculated scenario-allocated bias current is negative (i.e., the current allocated bias current is in the discharge direction), the scenario-allocated bias current is forcibly reset to zero to ensure that all allocated bias currents are either in the charging direction or zero. If the directions are consistent, the original calculated value of the scenario-allocated bias current remains unchanged.

[0051] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 4 Examples are provided for illustration only, but are not intended to limit this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dual-target superposition of equalization current generation in an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 4As shown, the system first inputs the voltage, current, and bus-side voltage of each battery pack, then calculates the average voltage of the parallel system and the voltage difference between each pack and the average voltage. If the voltage difference is within the dead zone, the equalization current is zero; otherwise, the equalization current is determined based on the direction of the voltage difference. Simultaneously, the system dynamically adjusts the current distribution strategy according to the current operating scenario. In external scenarios, the target average current is determined by the total current and the number of battery packs, and corrected based on actual distribution deviations. In internal loop scenarios, directional protection and simultaneous directional protection are further distinguished. Finally, the voltage equalization current and the scenario distribution current are superimposed, and after fault filtering, the final equalization current is output, achieving dynamic equalization control that balances system safety, efficiency, and reliability.

[0052] This embodiment calculates the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current separately, and then superimposes them to generate the initial equalization current. This not only achieves the convergence of voltages among battery packs, but also ensures the uniform distribution of load current under external scenarios, avoiding long-term overload or underload of some battery packs and extending the system's service life.

[0053] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Based on the above embodiments, a third embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application is proposed.

[0054] In the third embodiment, step S30 includes: Step S301: Determine the upper limit threshold of the current according to the constraint parameters, and compare the initial equalization current with the upper limit threshold of the current.

[0055] It should be understood that the upper limit threshold of the current can be a fixed limit value preset in the strategy library corresponding to different operating conditions.

[0056] In the specific implementation, the system collects the status data of each battery pack in real time and substitutes it into the preset threshold generation model or lookup table mapping relationship to determine the current upper limit threshold corresponding to the current moment. Then, the initial equalization current is compared with the threshold to determine whether the current equalization demand exceeds the safe carrying range.

[0057] Step S302: If the initial equalization current is greater than the upper current threshold, then the initial equalization current is limited to the upper current threshold to obtain the equalization current.

[0058] In the specific implementation, when the initial equalization current is detected to exceed the upper current threshold, a clamping algorithm (e.g., hard clamping algorithm, soft saturation clamping algorithm, rate limiting clamping algorithm, dynamic adaptive clamping algorithm, etc.) is used to forcibly correct the equalization current to the upper current threshold, ensuring that the output command strictly converges within the safety boundary. Furthermore, after the equalization current is sent to the execution layer, the execution layer first checks the local fault flag: if a charging fault exists, the equalization current in the charging direction is rejected; if a discharging fault exists, the equalization current in the discharging direction is rejected, thereby achieving single-machine fault isolation and preventing abnormal units from affecting the normal operation of other equalization units. The execution layer has the final veto right for the equalization current; even in the event of communication delays or packet loss, the execution layer can still autonomously implement protection based on local boundaries, effectively preventing overcharging, over-discharging, or overcurrent risks.

[0059] Furthermore, in order to avoid unnecessary adjustments to the current within the safe range and improve the response efficiency of the equalization control, after step S301, the method further includes: if the initial equalization current is less than or equal to the upper limit threshold of the current, then the initial equalization current is used as the equalization current.

[0060] In practice, when the initial equalization current does not exceed the current upper limit threshold, it is directly passed through as the final equalization current output, skipping the limiting process.

[0061] This embodiment obtains constraint parameters, determines the upper limit threshold of the current, compares it with the initial equalization current, and determines the equalization current based on the comparison result. This ensures that the equalization current meets safety constraints and avoids overcharging, over-discharging, or overcurrent.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Based on the above embodiments, the fourth embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application is proposed.

[0063] In the fourth embodiment, step S10 includes: Step S101: Detect the operating status of each battery pack and read the safety boundary parameters of each battery pack to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack. The operating parameters include battery pack voltage, battery pack current and bus current.

[0064] It should be understood that the safety boundary parameters can be fixed safety limits pre-set in the strategy library for different operating condition ranges. The bus current can be the total current flowing through the DC bus to characterize the overall power exchange direction of the system.

[0065] In practice, the voltage, current, and total DC bus current of each battery pack are synchronously collected via a high-precision sampling circuit or communication bus, and the corresponding safety boundary parameters are read from local storage or data sent from a host computer. The raw sampled data is filtered, calibrated, and validated to remove abnormal jump values, and a standardized set of operating parameters and constraint parameters is generated.

[0066] In one example, to address the issue of long bus time and high parsing failure rate caused by multiple data dimensions and full single-frame queries when reading battery management unit data corresponding to each battery pack via the communication bus, a multi-stage frame-by-frame polling method can be used to obtain operating parameters and constraint parameters.

[0067] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 7 Examples are provided for illustration only, but are not intended to limit this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage frame-based polling process according to an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 7 As shown, slave devices are execution nodes distributed across various battery modules. They are responsible for collecting local battery status data and reporting it to the master, as well as receiving and executing balancing commands issued by the master. Each slave device contains one battery pack. Slave data is divided into multiple stages based on importance and update frequency, with each stage querying only a subset of data fields. The specific division is as follows: (a) Phase 0: This phase has the highest priority and queries the key data required for equalization control, including suggested current limiting, voltage, current, bus operation data, status flags, etc. This phase must be queried in every round. (b) Phase 1: Query cell temperature data, which must be done in every round; (c) Phase 2: Query capacity setting data, which must be queried in each round; (d) Phase 3: Query the firmware version number only when the version is unknown or has not been updated for a certain period of time (e.g., 10 minutes); skip the rest of the cycle. (e) Stage 4: Query the battery code serial number only when the local cache is empty, skip the rest of the cycle.

[0068] After each response is received, the stage number is incremented cyclically. After a single slave polling timeout, it can be retried a maximum of a preset number of times (e.g., 2 times). If this limit is exceeded, it will skip and move to the next slave address. After multiple consecutive failures, it will roll back to the polling start address to prevent a single faulty slave from blocking the entire polling link.

[0069] Step S102: Perform a deviation check between the sum of the currents of each battery pack and the bus current to obtain the check result, and determine the power exchange scenario based on the check result.

[0070] In practice, the system algebraically sums the currents of all battery packs collected at the same time, and then subtracts the sum from the measured value of the bus current to obtain the deviation. If the absolute value of the deviation is within a preset deviation range, the current sampling is determined to be consistent, and then the power exchange scenario is divided according to the polarity and amplitude of the bus current.

[0071] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit this application. In one example, the power exchange scenario includes an internal loop scenario, an external charging scenario, an external discharging scenario, and an uncertain scenario. The specific judgment criteria are as follows: When the total current amplitude on the bus side is less than the preset threshold (e.g., 2.0 Amperes), the system is determined to be in an internal circulation scenario, that is, there is no significant external power exchange inside the system. At this time, only the voltage balancing between battery packs is performed, and no scenario-allocated bias current is applied. When the direction of the total current on the bus side is the charging direction and is consistent with the system's reference charging direction, the system is determined to be in an external charging scenario, that is, an external charging source is charging the system. When the direction of the total current on the bus side is the discharge direction and is consistent with the system's reference discharge direction, the system is determined to be in an external discharge scenario, that is, the system is supplying power to an external load. When the current direction determination results on the bus side and the battery pack contradict each other, or when the current directions detected by each equalization unit are inconsistent, the scenario is determined to be uncertain. To avoid scenario switching jitter, the previous stable scenario is maintained for a certain number of cycles (e.g., 3 control cycles) under uncertain scenarios, and after the period expires, it is downgraded to the internal circulation scenario.

[0072] In the scene recognition strategy, the bus current can be used as the primary criterion, and the battery pack current as a redundancy check quantity. When the bus current determination system is in an external charging or external discharging scenario, the battery pack current cross-verification is initiated; if the two determination results are inconsistent, the current scene state is downgraded to an uncertain scene, and the corresponding safety protection or default control strategy is triggered.

[0073] Before scene recognition, the process includes batch scheduling operations during read and write operations. First, the collected bus-side current, slave current, and total current are validated and pre-processed with filtering to remove abnormal sampled values ​​and update the sliding window mean, ensuring the reliability of subsequent criteria. Then, based on the processed current data, scene recognition logic is executed to determine the current operating condition and accordingly determine the balancing strategy parameters. Next, data reading and command issuance are strictly time-divided on the communication bus. During the read window, slave status data is periodically polled, and the window duration is adaptively calculated based on the number of slaves with valid data, with upper and lower limits imposed. After the read window ends, the write window begins. The master first locks the balancing strategy and target address list, then issues balancing commands to each slave in a fixed rhythm, ensuring that all slaves in a batch receive the same strategy. After the write window ends, the read window is restarted, and the cycle repeats. Bus idle time is checked before each bus operation to prevent bus collisions. The master is the core decision-making center of the battery management system, responsible for global current acquisition, operating condition scene recognition, formulating balancing strategies, and issuing control commands to slaves via the bus. Slave current is the output current of the branch containing the controlled battery packs other than the master battery pack in a multi-battery pack parallel system.

[0074] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 8 Examples are provided for illustration only, but are not intended to limit this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scene recognition process of an embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the master current refers to the output current of the branch where the battery pack designated as the master control unit is located in a multi-battery pack parallel system. In the flowchart, the total current on the bus side and the master current are collected first, with the amplitude of the total current on the bus side being greater than 2 amps as the first criterion. If this is met, the direction of the master and slave currents is further checked. If the master and slave currents are inconsistent, it is directly determined to be an uncertain scenario. If the master and slave currents are consistent and the total current on the bus side is positive, it is initially determined to be an external charging scenario. If the master and slave currents are consistent and the total current on the bus side is negative, it is initially determined to be an external discharging scenario, and the consistency check between the battery pack current and the total current on the bus side is initiated. When the two directions contradict each other, the scenario is downgraded to an uncertain scenario, and a cycle counter is used to determine whether to maintain or downgrade to an internal loop. If there is no contradiction, it is confirmed to be an external charging and discharging scenario. For weak current cases where the amplitude of the total current on the bus side is less than or equal to 2 amps, the internal loop judgment branch is directly entered, and the final scenario is finally output after comprehensive judgment.

[0075] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 9 Examples are provided for illustration only, but are not intended to limit this application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the batch scheduling timing during read / write operations in one embodiment of the equalization current generation method of this application. Figure 9As shown, taking a half-duplex RS-485 bus as an example, the time-sharing scheduling logic of a master and multiple slave devices is illustrated. The core consists of periodically alternating read and write windows. The read window allows the master to sequentially poll the status data of slave devices 1 to N, with the duration adaptively adjusted and constrained by upper and lower limits. The write window first locks the balanced strategy determined by scene recognition, and then sends instructions to each slave device in a fixed-beat order. Strict timing isolation avoids bus conflicts, and the write window strategy locking depends on the scene recognition result, ensuring that all slave devices within the same batch receive consistent instructions.

[0076] Furthermore, in order to achieve rapid and safe cutoff under fault conditions, effectively prevent fault expansion, and improve system safety, before step S10, the following steps are included: detecting hard fault signals of each battery pack and obtaining detection results; if the detection result indicates the presence of a hard fault, interrupting the equalization current generation process and issuing a zero-current command to each battery pack; if the detection result indicates the absence of a hard fault, then obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, performing scenario identification based on the operating parameters, and obtaining the power exchange scenario.

[0077] It should be understood that hard fault signals can be serious fault indications that are unrecoverable or require manual intervention and are directly generated by hardware protection circuits.

[0078] In its implementation, the system prioritizes polling the hard fault input ports or dedicated fault registers of each battery pack before entering the main equalization control loop. If any battery pack returns a valid hard fault level, a global fault flag is immediately triggered, forcibly terminating the current equalization current calculation task. In the next communication cycle, a zero-current command is issued to all battery packs, causing all equalization units to enter a safe shutdown state. When all hard fault signals are invalid, the generation process continues.

[0079] This embodiment determines the power exchange scenario by detecting the external operating status of each battery pack and reading the internal safety boundary parameters of the battery pack, and verifying the consistency between the battery pack current and the bus current. It uses dual-end current comparison to verify the reliability of the data, avoids misjudgment of the scenario caused by a single abnormal current signal, and improves the accuracy of scenario identification and the robustness of system control.

[0080] This application also provides an equalization current generating device, please refer to... Figure 10 The equalization current generating device includes: The scene recognition module 10 is used to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and to perform scene recognition based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene; The equalization current calculation module 20 is used to calculate the equalization current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario to obtain the initial equalization current. The equalization current correction module 30 is used to correct the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

[0081] The equalization current generation device provided in this application, employing the equalization current generation method in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem in DC-DC parallel systems where maintaining voltage balance among battery packs is necessary. Related technologies prioritize voltage consistency without considering current distribution requirements, or only control load balance at the analog level, failing to dynamically adjust control strategies for different scenarios. This results in some battery packs being in a state of current imbalance for extended periods, leading to battery pack overload or underload, and jeopardizing system safety. Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the equalization current generation device provided in this application are the same as those of the equalization current generation method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the equalization current generation device are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0082] This application provides a current equalization device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the current equalization method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0083] The following is for reference. Figure 11 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a current equalization device suitable for implementing embodiments of this application. The current equalization device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 11 The equalization current generation device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0084] like Figure 11As shown, the equalizing current generating device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in ROM (Read Only Memory) 1002 or a program loaded from storage device 1003 into RAM (Random Access Memory) 1004. RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the equalizing current generating device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via bus 1005. Input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touch screens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. The communication device 1009 allows the equalizing current generating device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the figure shows equalizing current generating devices with various systems, it should be understood that implementation or possession of all the systems shown is not required. More or fewer systems may be implemented alternatively.

[0085] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0086] The equalization current generation device provided in this application, employing the equalization current generation method in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem in DCDC parallel systems where maintaining voltage balance among battery packs is necessary. Related technologies prioritize voltage consistency without considering current distribution requirements, or only control load balance at the analog level, failing to dynamically adjust control strategies under different scenarios. This results in some battery packs being in a state of current imbalance for extended periods, leading to battery pack overload or underload, and jeopardizing system safety. Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the equalization current generation device provided in this application are the same as those of the equalization current generation method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this equalization current generation device are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0088] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0089] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the equalization current generation method in the above embodiments.

[0090] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), or flash memory, optical fiber, CD-ROM (CD-Read Only Memory), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0091] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the equalization current generating device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the equalization current generating device.

[0092] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the equalization current generating device, cause the equalization current generating device to perform the aforementioned equalization current generating method.

[0093] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including LAN (Local Area Network) or WAN (Wide Area Network)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0094] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0095] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0096] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described equalization current generation method. This solves the technical problem in parallel DC-DC systems where maintaining voltage balance among battery packs is necessary. Related technologies prioritize voltage consistency without considering current distribution requirements, or only control load balancing at the analog level, failing to dynamically adjust control strategies for different scenarios. This results in some battery packs being in a state of current imbalance for extended periods, leading to battery pack overload or underload, and jeopardizing system safety. Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the equalization current generation method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0097] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the content of this application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the protection scope of this application.

[0098] It should be noted that the data collection, tag management, rule setting, and push decision-making processes involved in this application are designed to work with other technical features to solve technical problems. They do not involve or support any illegal activities. Any data processing that may violate laws and regulations (such as unauthorized collection of privacy data, generation of discriminatory tags, setting unfair rules, or pushing illegal information) is not within the scope of protection of this application's technical solution. Of course, the user data in this application will be encrypted, anonymized, or de-identified before storage to ensure user data security.

Claims

1. A method for generating equalized current, characterized in that, The equalization current generation method includes: The operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack are obtained, and the power exchange scenario is obtained based on the operating parameters. Based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario, the initial equalization current is calculated. The initial equalization current is corrected according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

2. The equalization current generation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the initial equalization current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario includes: Based on the aforementioned operating parameters, voltage deviation is calculated to obtain the voltage equalization current; Based on the power exchange scenario, scenario current allocation is performed to obtain scenario-shared bias current; An initial equalization current is generated based on the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current.

3. The equalization current generation method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating the initial equalization current based on the voltage equalization current and the scenario-allocated bias current includes: If the direction of the scenario-shared bias current is opposite to the direction of the current in the power exchange scenario, then the scenario-shared bias current is set to a preset value. The voltage equalization current and the scenario-shared bias current are superimposed to obtain the initial equalization current.

4. The equalization current generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The step of correcting the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current includes: The upper limit threshold of the current is determined according to the constraint parameters, and the initial equalization current is compared with the upper limit threshold of the current. If the initial equalization current is greater than the upper current threshold, then the initial equalization current is limited to the upper current threshold to obtain an equalization current.

5. The equalization current generation method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After determining the upper limit threshold of the current based on the constraint parameters and comparing the initial equalization current with the upper limit threshold of the current, the process further includes: If the initial equalization current is less than or equal to the upper current threshold, then the initial equalization current is used as the equalization current.

6. The method for generating equalized current as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scenario includes: The operating status of each battery pack is detected and the safety boundary parameters of each battery pack are read to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack. The operating parameters include battery pack voltage, battery pack current and bus current. The sum of the currents of each battery pack is compared with the bus current to check the deviation, and the check result is obtained. The power exchange scenario is determined based on the check result.

7. The method for generating equalized current as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Before obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene, the method further includes: Detect hard fault signals in each battery pack and obtain the detection results; If the detection result indicates the presence of a hard fault, the equalization current generation process is interrupted, and a zero-current command is issued to each battery pack. If the detection result indicates that there is no hard fault, then the following steps are performed: obtaining the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and performing scene identification based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene.

8. A balanced current generating device, characterized in that, The device includes: The scene recognition module is used to obtain the operating parameters and constraint parameters of each battery pack, and to perform scene recognition based on the operating parameters to obtain the power exchange scene; The equalization current calculation module is used to calculate the equalization current based on the operating parameters and the power exchange scenario to obtain the initial equalization current. The equalization current correction module is used to correct the initial equalization current according to the constraint parameters to obtain the equalization current.

9. A current equalization generating device, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the equalization current generation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the equalization current generation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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