Hybrid energy routing device, control method thereof, and power supply system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hybrid energy routing device and a control method thereof and a power supply system, and relates to the field of power electronics and power quality management, and aims to realize system deep fusion, reduce system loss, improve charging efficiency and bidirectional energy flow, reduce power supply interruption time, and stably support sensitive load. The hybrid energy routing device comprises a solid-state transformer power unit, a backup battery unit and a control system. The solid-state transformer power unit comprises an input stage circuit, an isolation stage circuit and an output stage circuit connected in sequence. The backup battery unit is connected between the input stage circuit and the isolation stage circuit, or connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit. The control system controls the power grid to charge the backup battery unit with the target power scheduled by the solid-state transformer power unit, or controls the backup battery unit to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the fields of power electronics and power quality management, and in particular to a hybrid energy routing device and its control method, and a power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional solid-state transformer (SST) and battery backup unit (BBU) power supply systems, SST technology typically focuses on AC / AC or AC / DC conversion, without fully considering deep integration with energy storage units in the topology, resulting in limited continuous power supply capability in response to grid faults.

[0003] After the solid-state transformer output stage, the circuit breaker (BBU) needs to be connected via an external DC distribution cabinet. Since the solid-state transformer outputs either high-voltage DC or medium-voltage AC, traditional energy storage solutions require the energy storage unit to be connected to the DC distribution cabinet via an independent DC / DC converter or AC / DC converter for voltage matching and energy dispatch. This results in the SST and BBU being independent devices, leading to complex collaborative control, high system losses, low charging efficiency, and an inability to achieve bidirectional energy flow. Furthermore, the reliance on mechanical static switching results in long power outage times, making it difficult to support sensitive loads. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a hybrid energy routing device and its control method and power supply system, which can achieve deep system integration, reduce system losses, improve charging efficiency and bidirectional energy flow, reduce power outage time, and achieve stable support for sensitive loads.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this disclosure provide the following technical solutions: On one hand, a hybrid energy routing device is provided, comprising: a solid-state transformer power unit, including an input stage circuit, an isolation stage circuit, and an output stage circuit connected in sequence; a backup battery unit, the output of which is connected between the input stage circuit and the isolation stage circuit, or between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit; and a control system configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit at a target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit, and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0006] In the above embodiments, in the hybrid energy routing device, the backup battery unit is connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit; that is, the backup battery unit is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit, achieving deep integration between the backup battery unit and the solid-state transformer power unit. In grid-connected mode, the control system can control the grid to charge the backup battery unit with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit. Since the backup battery unit is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit, the charging path of the backup battery unit is shorter, reducing unnecessary conversion losses caused by intermediate circuits and improving the charging efficiency of the system.

[0007] Furthermore, compared to related technologies where the backup battery unit is connected to the solid-state transformer power unit via a mechanical static switch, in the hybrid energy routing device provided in the above embodiments of this application, the backup battery unit is connected internally to the solid-state transformer power unit, eliminating the need for a mechanical static switch between the two. Therefore, when switching from grid-connected to off-grid mode, the control system can control the backup battery unit to supply power to the external load via the solid-state transformer power unit, achieving zero-millisecond switching without disturbing the load's operation, thus achieving seamless switching and high reliability. The control system also controls the backup battery unit to charge or discharge via the solid-state transformer power unit, enabling bidirectional energy flow.

[0008] In some embodiments, the solid-state transformer power unit further includes a low-voltage DC bus connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit. The output terminal of the backup battery unit is directly connected in parallel with the low-voltage DC bus. The control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit through the low-voltage DC bus at a target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit, and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the low-voltage DC bus and the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the solid-state transformer power unit further includes a high-voltage DC bus connected between the input stage circuit and the isolation stage circuit. The hybrid energy routing device further includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter, the output of the backup battery unit being electrically connected to the high-voltage DC bus via the bidirectional DC / DC converter. The control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit at a target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit via the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter, and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to external loads via the high-voltage DC bus and the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit at a target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery state and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reaches a first target threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments, the control system is further configured to calculate a target power based on electricity price, load status, and battery status; and to control the solid-state transformer power unit to be scheduled at the target power to charge the backup battery unit through the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control system is further configured to control the power grid to stop charging the backup battery unit when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reaches a second target threshold, thereby putting the backup battery unit into a hot standby state.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit when an off-grid signal is detected.

[0014] In some embodiments, the control system is configured to, upon detecting a grid connection signal, control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load via the solid-state transformer power unit in response to a grid demand signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the backup battery unit to feed power back to the grid through the solid-state transformer power unit when a grid connection signal is detected and the grid data meets preset conditions.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device further includes a cabinet, in which the backup battery unit and the solid-state transformer power unit are housed in the same cabinet.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device further includes a maintenance bypass, which is disposed in the cabinet and connected in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0018] On the other hand, a control method for a hybrid energy routing device is provided. This control method controls the hybrid energy routing device described in any of the above claims, and includes: monitoring the power grid status. Upon detecting a switch in the power grid status from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the method controls the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device controls the power grid to charge the backup battery unit with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit through the control system, and controls the backup battery unit to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit. The solid-state transformer power unit, the backup battery unit and the control system are deeply integrated to realize the integrated power dispatch of the power grid, the load and the backup battery unit. It has a faster dynamic response speed and better energy management capabilities, and further enhances the power supply continuity and scenario adaptability of the hybrid energy routing device.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the grid state is detected to have switched from off-grid mode to grid-connected mode, the grid is controlled to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit, and the grid is controlled to charge the backup battery unit at the target power scheduled by the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0021] In some embodiments, when the grid state is detected to be in a grid mode where the battery state and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reach a first target threshold, the grid is controlled to charge the backup battery unit at the target power scheduled by the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the backup battery unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC bus of the solid-state transformer power unit via a bidirectional DC / DC converter, a target power is calculated based on electricity price, load status, and battery status. The solid-state transformer power unit is then controlled to be scheduled at the target power to charge the backup battery unit via the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter.

[0023] In some embodiments, when it is detected that the power grid is in grid-connected mode and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reach a second target threshold, the power grid is controlled to stop charging the backup battery unit, so that the backup battery unit is in a hot standby state.

[0024] In some embodiments, when the grid state is detected to be in grid-connected mode, in response to the grid demand signal, the backup battery unit is controlled to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the grid state is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the grid data meets preset conditions, the backup battery unit is controlled to feed power back to the grid through the solid-state transformer power unit.

[0026] In another aspect, a power supply system is provided, comprising: the hybrid energy routing device of any of the above embodiments, a power grid, and a load. The input terminal of the input stage circuit is electrically connected to the power grid, and the output terminal of the output stage circuit is electrically connected to the load.

[0027] In the above embodiments, the backup battery unit of the power supply system is connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit. That is, the backup battery unit is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit, realizing deep integration between the backup battery unit and the solid-state transformer power unit. In grid-connected mode, the control system can control the grid to charge the backup battery unit with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit. Since the backup battery unit is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit, the charging path of the backup battery unit is shorter, reducing unnecessary conversion losses caused by intermediate circuits and improving the charging efficiency of the system.

[0028] Furthermore, the backup battery unit is connected to the solid-state transformer power unit via a mechanical static switch. In the hybrid energy routing device provided in the above embodiments of this application, the backup battery unit is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit, and no mechanical static switch is required between them. Therefore, when switching from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the control system can control the backup battery unit to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit, achieving zero-millisecond switching without disturbing the load's operation, thus achieving seamless switching and high reliability. The control system controls the backup battery unit to charge or discharge through the solid-state transformer power unit, realizing bidirectional energy flow. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system topology of a hybrid energy routing device using low-voltage side coupling, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the energy flow in grid-connected mode of a power supply system for a hybrid energy routing device using low-voltage side coupling, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the energy flow in off-grid mode for a power supply system of a hybrid energy routing device using low-voltage side coupling, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system topology of a hybrid energy routing device using high-voltage side coupling, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the energy flow in grid-connected mode of the power supply system of the hybrid energy routing device with high-voltage side coupling provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the energy flow in off-grid mode for a power supply system of a hybrid energy routing device using high-voltage side coupling, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a control method for a hybrid energy routing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this disclosure are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0032] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0033] The use of “applies to” or “configured to” in this article implies an open and inclusive language that does not preclude applicability to or configuration to devices that perform additional tasks or steps.

[0034] In related technologies, solid-state transformer (SST) and battery backup unit (BBU) power supply systems include: solid-state transformers, mechanical static switches, independent backup battery units, power conversion systems (PCS), power grids, and loads.

[0035] The core function of a mechanical static switch is to enable rapid switching between power sources. When a main power supply failure causes a service interruption, it switches to an independent backup battery unit to ensure continuous power supply to the load. However, mechanical static switches rely on the physical action of electromagnetic relays or contactors to complete the switching, resulting in slow switching speeds and the risk of brief power outages. For sensitive loads such as data centers and communication equipment, this delay may lead to equipment restarts or data loss.

[0036] Energy storage converters are bidirectional AC-DC converters designed for energy storage, integrating battery collaboration, multi-mode operation, and grid support capabilities. However, solid-state transformers and independent backup battery units are independent devices, and their collaborative control is complex, resulting in inflexible power dispatch and an inability to achieve bidirectional energy flow.

[0037] To address the aforementioned problems, some embodiments of this application provide a power supply system, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The power supply system 1 includes: a hybrid energy routing device 2, a power grid 3, and a load 4. The power grid 3 serves as the input terminal of the hybrid energy routing device 2 and can be a medium-voltage AC power grid or a low-voltage AC power grid. The load 4 serves as the output terminal of the hybrid energy routing device 2 and can be a server or communication equipment, etc.

[0038] Some embodiments of this application provide a hybrid energy routing device, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 1 The hybrid energy routing device 2 includes: a solid-state transformer power unit 5, a backup battery unit 6, and a control system 7.

[0039] The solid-state transformer power unit 5 includes an input stage circuit 8, an isolation stage circuit 9, and an output stage circuit 10 connected in sequence. The input stage circuit 8 connects to the input port of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and is typically a multilevel or modular multilevel converter (MMC), capable of AC / DC conversion, power factor correction, and grid harmonic suppression. The isolation stage circuit 9 is a high-frequency isolated DC / DC converter (such as a dual active bridge (DAB)), achieving electrical isolation and voltage matching through a high-frequency transformer. The output stage circuit 10 connects to the output port of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and is typically an inverter, providing stable, high-quality AC / DC power to the load 4.

[0040] The backup battery unit 6 is connected between the isolation stage circuit 9 and the output stage circuit 10. The power grid 3 charges the backup battery unit 6 with the target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and the backup battery unit 6 supplies power to the load 4 with the target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. Exemplarily, the backup battery unit 6 includes a battery module 11 and a battery management system (BMS) 12.

[0041] For example, the battery module 11 is electrically connected to the battery management module 12, and the battery management module 12 obtains the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of the battery module 11 in real time.

[0042] The control system 7 is configured to control the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5. As the brain of the device, the control system 7 is responsible for receiving information such as the status of the power grid 3, the demand of the load 4, and the state of charge of the backup battery unit 6. This information is used to control the switching of each power stage of the solid-state transformer power unit 5, simultaneously controlling the charging and discharging modes of the backup battery unit 6, thus achieving coordinated intelligent management and bidirectional energy flow between the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6. Furthermore, it calculates and allocates the power flow between the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 in real time according to the operating mode.

[0043] For example, see Figure 2 The control system 7 also includes a power control module 15, a battery control module 16, and a collaborative scheduling module 17. The battery control module 16 is electrically connected to the battery management module 12 and receives status information from the battery module 11 obtained by the battery management module 12. The power control module 15 obtains the status of the power grid 3 through the input stage circuit 8 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and also obtains the status of the load 4 through the output stage circuit 10 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5. Furthermore, the power control module 15 controls the switching devices of each power stage of the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The collaborative scheduling module 17 is electrically connected to the power control module 15 and the battery control module 16, and calculates and allocates the power flow between the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 in real time.

[0044] In the above embodiments, in the hybrid energy routing device 2, the backup battery unit 6 is connected between the isolation stage circuit 9 and the output stage circuit 10. That is, the backup battery unit 6 is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5, realizing deep integration between the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5. In grid-connected mode, the control system 7 can control the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. Since the backup battery unit 6 is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5, the charging path of the backup battery unit 6 is shorter, reducing unnecessary conversion losses caused by intermediate circuits and improving the charging efficiency of the system.

[0045] Furthermore, compared to related technologies where the backup battery unit 6 is connected to the solid-state transformer power unit 5 via a mechanical static switch, in the hybrid energy routing device 2 provided in the above embodiments of this application, the backup battery unit 6 is connected internally to the solid-state transformer power unit 5, eliminating the need for a mechanical static switch between the two. Therefore, when switching from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the control system 7 can control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5, achieving zero-millisecond switching without disturbing the operation of the load 4, thus achieving seamless switching and high reliability. The control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to charge or discharge through the solid-state transformer power unit 5, realizing bidirectional energy flow.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The solid-state transformer power unit 5 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 also includes a low-voltage DC bus 13, which is connected between the isolation stage circuit 9 and the output stage circuit 10. The backup battery unit 6 is directly connected in parallel with the low-voltage DC bus 13. The control system 7 is configured to control the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 through the low-voltage DC bus 13 at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the low-voltage DC bus 13 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the backup battery unit 6 is directly connected in parallel to the low-voltage DC bus 13 inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The backup battery unit 6 and the low-voltage DC bus 13 are connected in bidirectional energy flow and voltage regulation through the isolation stage circuit 9 built into the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the control system 7. This eliminates the power loss, fault points and costs caused by the additional DC / DC converter, and improves the energy conversion efficiency and operational reliability of the power supply system 1.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 2The control system 7 is configured to control the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a first target threshold.

[0049] In the above embodiments, in the grid-connected mode, the first target threshold can be a preset charge threshold of 80%. The control system 7 is configured to control the grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is less than or equal to 80% and the electricity price is at a low peak, thereby realizing the flow and intelligent dispatch of energy.

[0050] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The control system 7 is also configured to control the grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6 when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a second target threshold, so that the backup battery unit 6 is in a hot standby state.

[0051] In the above embodiments, in the grid-connected mode, the second target threshold can be a preset charge threshold of 95%. The control system 7 is configured to control the grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6 when it detects that the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is greater than or equal to 95%, or when the electricity price is at its peak, thereby saving electricity costs.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The control system 7 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when an off-grid signal is detected.

[0053] For example, in the event of a grid 3 failure or active disconnection, such as during peak electricity prices or maintenance, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to discharge. The power of the backup battery unit 6 supports the low-voltage DC bus 13, and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 seamlessly switches from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode to supply power to the load 4.

[0054] In the above embodiment, in the off-grid mode, the control system 7 immediately controls the backup battery unit 6 to discharge. The power of the backup battery unit 6 instantly supports the low-voltage DC bus 13 through the isolation stage circuit 9 inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 immediately switches seamlessly from the grid-connected mode to the off-grid mode, achieving seamless switching with almost no disturbance to the load 4 and achieving ultra-high reliability.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 2The control system 7 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5 in response to the demand signal of the power grid 3 when a grid connection signal is detected.

[0056] In the above embodiments, under grid-connected mode, the demand signal of grid 3 can be that grid 3 is in an overvoltage, undervoltage, or phase loss state, meaning that the power supply of grid 3 is insufficient to supply the load side. For example, during peak electricity consumption periods, or when distributed energy resources are installed on the load side, if grid 3 experiences overvoltage, undervoltage, or phase loss, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the load 4 through the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5, thereby compensating for the insufficient power supply from grid 3. As another example, when electricity prices are at their peak, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the load 4 through the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. By having grid 3 and backup battery unit 6 jointly supply power to the load 4, electricity costs can be saved.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The control system 7 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to feed power back to the grid 3 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when a grid connection signal is detected and the grid 3 data meets preset conditions.

[0058] For example, the preset conditions for grid 3 data can be peak electricity prices or grid peak shaving. When the demand signal of grid 3 indicates peak electricity prices, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to dispatch the target power through the solid-state transformer power unit 5 to feed power back to grid 3. The power allocation logic of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 is P_BBU discharge = P_feed_ref + P_SST loss, where P_BBU discharge is the power released by the backup battery unit 6, P_feed_ref is the power fed into the grid, and P_SST loss is the power lost by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. At the same time, it ensures that the SOC of the backup battery unit 6 is not lower than the safety threshold of 20% to avoid deep discharge.

[0059] In the above embodiment, based on the preset data conditions of the power grid 3, when the backup battery unit 6 is controlled to feed power back to the power grid 3 in reverse, the voltage of the backup battery unit 6 is completely consistent with the rated voltage of the low-voltage DC bus 13. No additional DC / DC converter is needed; the backup battery unit 6 is directly connected in parallel to the low-voltage DC bus 13, achieving bidirectional power flow. The low-voltage DC bus 13 carries the forward power supply from the power grid 3 to the load 4, and also carries the reverse power flow from the backup battery unit 6 to the power grid 3. Dynamic decoupling of the two power paths is achieved through the isolation stage circuit 9 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The backup battery unit 6 directly clamps the voltage of the low-voltage DC bus 13, and the voltage fluctuation of the low-voltage DC bus 13 during reverse feeding is controlled within ±5%, without causing any disturbance to the downstream sensitive load 4. Only two stages of power conversion are involved in the reverse feeding process, improving the overall efficiency by 3%-5% compared to traditional solutions. This achieves stable voltage of the sensitive load 4 under reverse feeding conditions, solving the voltage flicker problem on the load 4 side during power feeding in traditional solutions. Equipment costs are reduced by 15%-20%, and the footprint is reduced by more than 40%. It can be applied to small and medium-sized data centers / edge computing nodes, 5G / 6G communication base stations, and bank branches / small office spaces.

[0060] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes a cabinet, in which the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 are housed.

[0061] For example, the backup battery unit 6 is directly connected in parallel to the low-voltage DC bus 13 inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 share the cooling system and cabinet, and there is no need to configure an additional DC power distribution cabinet for the backup battery unit 6 after the output stage circuit 10 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 are housed in the same cabinet. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 share the same cabinet, eliminating the need for a separate DC power distribution cabinet for the backup battery unit 6. This significantly reduces the size and weight of the hybrid energy routing device 2, achieving high integration and miniaturization.

[0063] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes a maintenance bypass, which is disposed in a cabinet and connected in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0064] For example, when the equipment receives a maintenance instruction, the load allows for short-term bypass power supply, and the bypass switch is in normal condition, the equipment switches to maintenance bypass mode, closes the static bypass switch, and takes the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 out of operation, ensuring power supply to the load 4 while supporting live maintenance of the equipment.

[0065] In the above embodiment, by connecting a maintenance bypass in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit 5, when the solid-state transformer power unit 5 inside the equipment needs to be repaired, the solid-state transformer power unit 5 can be short-circuited through the maintenance bypass. The maintenance bypass connects the power grid 3 and the load 4, which can ensure that the load 4 is not powered when the equipment is repairing the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0066] Some embodiments of this application also provide another hybrid energy routing device, see [link to related document]. Figure 4 The solid-state transformer power unit 5 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 also includes a high-voltage DC bus 14, which is connected between the input stage circuit 8 and the isolation stage circuit 9. The hybrid energy routing device 2 also includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter 15. Figure 1 The difference in hybrid energy routing device 2 is that the output of backup battery unit 6 is electrically connected to high-voltage DC bus 14 via bidirectional DC / DC converter 15. Control system 7 is configured to control the power grid 3 to charge backup battery unit 6 through high-voltage DC bus 14 and bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 at the target power dispatched by solid-state transformer power unit 5, and to control backup battery unit 6 to supply power to external load 4 through high-voltage DC bus 14 and solid-state transformer power unit 5. Since high voltage is transmitted on high-voltage DC bus 14, and both the input and output of backup battery unit 6 are low voltage, bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 is required to perform high-voltage to low-voltage conversion to adapt to the voltage of high-voltage DC bus 14 and backup battery unit 6.

[0067] In the above embodiment, the backup battery unit 6 is connected to the high-voltage DC bus 14 via a bidirectional DC / DC converter 15. Figure 1 Compared to the hybrid energy routing device 2, the energy interaction between the backup battery unit 6 and the power grid 3 does not require passing through the output stage circuit 10 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the low-voltage DC bus 13, reducing one stage of power conversion, further reducing losses and improving response speed. In the event of a failure of the low-voltage DC bus 13, only the downstream load 4 is affected, and the backup battery unit 6 on the high-voltage DC bus 14 side can still independently support the power supply to the power grid 3 or the critical load 4. Therefore, the scope of the failure is smaller, and the system stability is higher. The high-voltage DC bus 14 can carry higher voltage levels and larger power capacities, making it easier to realize modular expansion of the energy storage system and adapt to future load growth needs, thus having stronger expansion capabilities. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 has a voltage matching function, thus enabling flexible selection of the voltage of the backup battery unit 6. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 has the function of controlling the charge and discharge curve of the backup battery unit 6, thus enabling optimized charging and discharging of the backup battery unit 6.

[0068] In some embodiments, see Figure 5The control system 7 is configured to control the grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a first target threshold.

[0069] In the above embodiments, in grid-connected mode, the first target threshold can be a preset charge threshold of 80%. The control system 7 is configured to, when detecting that the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is less than or equal to 80% and the electricity price is at a low peak, control the grid 3 to use the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 to charge the backup battery unit 6 by converting the high voltage to a low voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15, thus realizing energy flow and intelligent dispatch, and... Figure 1 Compared to the hybrid energy routing device 2, the energy exchange between the power grid 3 and the backup battery unit 6 does not need to pass through the isolation stage circuit 9 and the low-voltage DC bus 13 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5, resulting in a shorter energy path.

[0070] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The control system 7 is configured to calculate the target power based on the state of the power grid 3, the state of the load 4 and the state of the backup battery unit 6, and to control the solid-state transformer power unit 5 to be dispatched at the target power to charge the backup battery unit 6 through the high-voltage DC bus 14 and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15.

[0071] In the above embodiments, the status signals of the power grid 3 include voltage and frequency, harmonic content, fault signals and electricity price signals, the status signals of the load 4 include active and reactive power, voltage and current, and the type of the load 4, and the status signals of the backup battery unit 6 include health status, charging and discharging current, single cell voltage and temperature of the backup battery unit 6, wherein the health status represents the ratio of the current actual usable capacity of the battery to the factory rated capacity.

[0072] In grid-connected mode, the control system 7 controls the grid 3 to use the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 according to the state of the grid 3, the load 4 and the backup battery unit 6. The high voltage is converted to low voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 and then charged to the backup battery unit 6 with the optimal power, thus realizing high-efficiency energy utilization.

[0073] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The control system 7 is also configured to control the grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a second target threshold, so that the backup battery unit 6 is in a hot standby state.

[0074] In the above embodiments, in the grid-connected mode, the second target threshold can be a preset charge threshold of 95%. The control system 7 is configured to control the grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 when it detects that the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is greater than or equal to 95% or the electricity price is at its peak, thereby saving electricity costs.

[0075] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The control system 7 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when an off-grid signal is detected.

[0076] For example, in the event of a grid 3 failure or active disconnection, such as during peak electricity prices or maintenance, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to discharge. The electrical energy of the backup battery unit 6 is converted from low voltage to high voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 to support the high voltage DC bus 14. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 seamlessly switches from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode to supply power to the load 4.

[0077] In the above embodiment, in the off-grid mode, the control system 7 immediately controls the backup battery unit 6 to discharge. The power of the backup battery unit 6 is converted from low voltage to high voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 to support the high voltage DC bus 14. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 immediately switches seamlessly from the grid-connected mode to the off-grid mode, achieving seamless switching with almost no disturbance to the load 4 and achieving ultra-high reliability.

[0078] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The control system 7 of the hybrid energy routing device 2 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 in response to the demand signal of the power grid 3 when a grid connection signal is detected.

[0079] In the above embodiments, in grid-connected mode, the demand signal of grid 3 can be that grid 3 is in an overvoltage, undervoltage, or phase loss state, meaning that the power supply of grid 3 is insufficient to supply load 4. For example, during peak electricity consumption periods, or when distributed energy resources are installed on load 4, if grid 3 experiences overvoltage, undervoltage, or phase loss, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to convert low voltage to high voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 to supply power to the solid-state transformer power unit 5, thereby compensating for the insufficient power supply from grid 3. As another example, when electricity prices are high, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to convert low voltage to high voltage through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 to supply power to the solid-state transformer power unit 5. By having grid 3 and backup battery unit 6 jointly supply power to load 4, electricity costs can be saved.

[0080] In some embodiments, the control system 7 is configured to control the backup battery unit 6 to feed power to the grid 3 in reverse through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 when a grid connection signal is detected and the grid data meets preset conditions.

[0081] For example, the preset conditions for grid 3 data can be peak electricity price or grid 3 peak shaving. When the demand-side response signal of grid 3 shows peak electricity price or grid peak shaving, the backup battery unit 6 is controlled to discharge through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15. The released power is fed into the grid through the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The power allocation logic is P_BBU discharge = P_feed_ref + P_SST loss, where P_BBU discharge is the power released by the backup battery unit 6, P_feed_ref is the power fed into the grid, and P_SST loss is the power loss of the solid-state transformer power unit 5. At the same time, it is ensured that the SOC of the backup battery unit 6 is not lower than the safety threshold of 20% to avoid deep discharge.

[0082] In the above embodiment, based on the preset data conditions of the power grid 3, the backup battery unit 6 is controlled to feed power back to the power grid 3. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 serves as the matching interface between the backup battery unit 6 and the high-voltage DC bus 14, achieving voltage conversion and precise power control. The high-voltage DC bus 14 carries the energy exchange between the power grid 3 and the backup battery unit 6, and is physically isolated from the power supply circuit of the low-voltage DC bus 13, achieving complete power flow isolation. Multiple backup battery units 6 can be connected in parallel to the same high-voltage DC bus 14 through independent bidirectional DC / DC converters 15, allowing the feed power to linearly expand to tens of megawatts after the capacity of the backup battery unit 6. Only the power conversion of the input stage circuit 8 is required throughout the reverse feed process, and the overall efficiency can reach 96%-98%. A single device supports high-power feed of 1MW and above, adapting to large-scale energy storage needs. In the event of a fault on the low-voltage DC bus 13 side, the backup battery unit 6 on the high-voltage DC bus 14 side can still independently feed power to the power grid 3, improving system availability by more than 30%. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 achieves a power regulation accuracy of ±1%, precisely matching the frequency regulation and peak shaving requirements of the power grid. It is suitable for large-scale cloud data centers / supercomputing centers, industrial park microgrids / virtual power plant nodes, and new energy charging stations / battery swapping stations.

[0083] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes a cabinet, in which the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 are housed.

[0084] For example, the backup battery unit 6 is connected in parallel to the high-voltage DC bus 14 inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5 via a bidirectional DC / DC converter 15, sharing the cooling system and cabinet of the solid-state transformer power unit 5, without the need to configure an additional DC distribution cabinet after the output stage circuit 10 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5 are housed in the same cabinet. The solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 share the same cabinet, eliminating the need for a separate DC power distribution cabinet for the backup battery unit 6. This significantly reduces the size and weight of the hybrid energy routing device 2, achieving high integration and miniaturization.

[0086] In some embodiments, the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes a maintenance bypass, which is disposed in a cabinet and connected in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0087] For example, when the equipment receives a maintenance instruction, the load allows for short-term bypass power supply, and the bypass switch is in normal condition, the equipment switches to maintenance bypass mode, closes the static bypass switch, and takes the solid-state transformer power unit 5 and the backup battery unit 6 out of operation, ensuring power supply to the load 4 while supporting live maintenance of the equipment.

[0088] In the above embodiment, by connecting a maintenance bypass in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit 5, when the solid-state transformer power unit 5 inside the equipment needs to be repaired, the solid-state transformer power unit 5 can be short-circuited through the maintenance bypass. The maintenance bypass connects the power grid 3 and the load 4, which can ensure that the load 4 is not powered when the equipment is repairing the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0089] Embodiments of this application also provide a control method for a hybrid energy routing device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The control method includes the following steps S1~S2: Step S1: Monitor the status of power grid 3.

[0090] For example, the control system 7 monitors the status of the power grid 3. The monitoring parameters on the power grid side include: the amplitude, frequency, phase difference, total harmonic distortion rate, active power P_grid, reactive power Q_grid of the medium-voltage / low-voltage power grid, and the fault flags for phase loss, instantaneous voltage drop, and overvoltage / undervoltage.

[0091] Step S2: When the grid 3 state switches from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0092] For example, the logic for determining the working mode of power grid 3 includes: setting the voltage amplitude deviation threshold range to ±10% and the frequency deviation threshold range to ±0.5Hz; triggering a pre-alarm when both the voltage amplitude deviation and frequency deviation exceed the threshold range; and, based on this, determining a power grid fault if the pre-alarm is triggered for three consecutive power frequency cycles (i.e., 60ms), initiating a mode switch from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, while simultaneously calculating the impedance of power grid 3 in real time and predicting the disturbance trend of power grid 3.

[0093] The uninterrupted switching control logic for the operating mode of power grid 3 is as follows: Fault detection phase (<20ms): The control system 7 samples the instantaneous value of the grid 3 voltage and quickly detects the voltage drop of grid 3 based on the phase-locked loop (PLL) of DQ transformation. The detection time is less than one power frequency cycle, i.e. 20ms, which is much faster than the 10ms~50ms detection delay of traditional static switches.

[0094] Seamless mode switching phase (<1ms): Backup battery unit 6 is directly coupled to the intermediate DC bus of solid-state transformer power unit 5. After fault detection, control system 7 only needs to adjust the control mode of solid-state transformer power unit 5, switching from grid-connected current source to off-grid voltage source. At the same time, it triggers backup battery unit 6 to supply power to external load 4 through solid-state transformer power unit 5. Due to the capacitance of the DC bus and the voltage support of the battery, the DC bus voltage fluctuates by less than 5% during the switching process, and the voltage on the load 4 side does not drop, truly achieving "zero millisecond" switching without any disturbance to sensitive loads such as servers.

[0095] In addition, the control system 7 also monitors the status of the backup battery unit 6. The monitoring logic for the backup battery unit 6 monitors parameters including: battery pack SOC, SOH, extreme values ​​of individual cell voltages, maximum charging and discharging currents, battery cluster temperature, insulation resistance, and fault flags reported by the BMS, such as overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent, and overtemperature. The core constraint is that battery discharge is prohibited when the SOC is below 10%, and charging is stopped when it is above 95%. The charging and discharging power is limited by the battery's maximum allowable current to avoid battery damage. Therefore, it can be understood that when the grid 3 state switches from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the SOC of the backup battery unit 6 should be above 10% to enable the backup battery unit 6 to discharge.

[0096] In the above embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 controls the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 through the control system 7, and controls the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The solid-state transformer power unit 5, the backup battery unit 6 and the control system 7 are deeply integrated to realize the integrated power dispatch of the power grid 3, the load 4 and the backup battery unit 6. It has a faster dynamic response speed and better energy management capabilities, and further enhances the power supply continuity and scenario adaptability of the hybrid energy routing device 2.

[0097] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when the state of the power grid 3 is detected to switch from off-grid mode to grid-connected mode, controlling the power grid 3 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and controlling the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0098] For example, the logic for determining the working mode of power grid 3 also includes: if the voltage amplitude deviation and frequency deviation are both within the threshold range and remain stable for 10 power frequency cycles, then power grid 3 is determined to have returned to normal, and the mode switching is initiated, switching from off-grid mode to grid-connected mode.

[0099] The uninterrupted switching control logic for the operating mode of power grid 3 is as follows: Fault detection phase (<20ms): The control system 7 samples the instantaneous value of the grid 3 voltage and quickly detects the voltage drop of grid 3 based on the phase-locked loop (PLL) of DQ transformation. The detection time is less than one power frequency cycle, i.e. 20ms, which is much faster than the 10ms~50ms detection delay of traditional static switches.

[0100] Seamless mode switching phase (<1ms): Backup battery unit 6 is directly coupled to the intermediate DC bus of solid-state transformer power unit 5. After fault detection, control system 7 only needs to adjust the control mode of solid-state transformer power unit 5, switching from grid-connected current source to off-grid voltage source. At the same time, it triggers backup battery unit 6 to supply power to external load 4 through solid-state transformer power unit 5. Due to the capacitance of the DC bus and the voltage support of the battery, the DC bus voltage fluctuates by less than 5% during the switching process, and the voltage on the load 4 side does not drop, truly achieving "zero millisecond" switching without any disturbance to sensitive loads such as servers.

[0101] In addition, the control system 7 also monitors the status of the backup battery unit 6. The monitoring logic for the backup battery unit 6 monitors parameters including: battery pack SOC, SOH, extreme values ​​of individual cell voltages, maximum charging and discharging currents, battery cluster temperature, insulation resistance, and fault flags reported by the BMS, such as overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent, and overtemperature. The core constraint is that battery discharge is prohibited when the SOC is below 10%, and charging is stopped when it is above 95%. The charging and discharging power is limited by the battery's maximum allowable current to avoid battery damage. Therefore, it can be understood that when the grid 3 state switches from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the SOC of the backup battery unit 6 should be above 10% to enable the backup battery unit 6 to discharge.

[0102] In the above embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 controls the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5 through the control system 7, and controls the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The solid-state transformer power unit 5, the backup battery unit 6 and the control system 7 are deeply integrated to realize the integrated power dispatch of the power grid 3, the load 4 and the backup battery unit 6. It has a faster dynamic response speed and better energy management capabilities, and further enhances the power supply continuity and scenario adaptability of the hybrid energy routing device 2.

[0103] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when the grid 3 is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a first target threshold, controlling the grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0104] For example, in the grid-connected mode, the first target threshold can be 80%. When the control system 7 detects that the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is less than or equal to 80% and the electricity price is at a low peak, the control grid 3 controls the grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5, thereby realizing the flow and intelligent dispatch of energy.

[0105] The power scheduling logic of solid-state transformer power unit 5 is as follows: P_SST input is the power of the input stage circuit of solid-state transformer power unit 5, P_BBU is the power of the backup battery unit 6, P_SST output is the power of the output stage circuit of solid-state transformer power unit 5, and P loss is the loss in the current transmission process. The core of power allocation is the power balance equation based on the intermediate DC bus: P_SST input + P_BBU = P_SST output + P loss.

[0106] In grid-connected mode, with backup battery unit 6 coupled to low-voltage DC bus 13, the voltage of low-voltage DC bus 13 at the isolation stage output circuit 9 of solid-state transformer power unit 5 directly matches the terminal voltage of backup battery unit 6, resulting in natural power distribution. When battery SOC < 80% and electricity prices are low: the input stage circuit 8 of solid-state transformer power unit 5 obtains power from grid 3, P_grid = P_load + P_charge + P_loss, where P_charge is the battery charging power, and the charging current is automatically adjusted by the voltage loop of the output stage circuit 10 of solid-state transformer power unit 5. When battery SOC ≥ 95%, or during peak electricity price periods: charging of backup battery unit 6 stops, the input power of solid-state transformer power unit 5 is P_grid = P_load + P_loss, and backup battery unit 6 is in hot standby mode, only providing bus voltage ripple suppression.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the control system 7 obtains the status of the backup battery unit 6 and / or the electricity price of the power grid 3, and controls the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power scheduled by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. This achieves the highest efficiency in powering the load 4 from the power grid 3, and optimizes the battery charging and discharging power based on the electricity price / power grid demand, thereby achieving cost savings and efficient energy utilization.

[0108] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when the backup battery unit 6 is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC bus 14 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15, calculating the target power based on the electricity price, load status and battery status; controlling the solid-state transformer power unit 5 to be scheduled at the target power to charge the backup battery unit 6 through the high-voltage DC bus 14 and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15.

[0109] For example, in grid-connected mode, with the backup battery unit 6 coupled to the high-voltage DC bus 14, the control system 7 achieves precise power distribution through an independent bidirectional DC / DC converter 15, resulting in higher control accuracy. Based on the grid 3 electricity price curve, battery SOC, and load power prediction, the control system 7 calculates the optimal charging power P_charge_ref. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 operates in current source mode, tracking the P_charge_ref command to achieve constant current / constant voltage charging curve control. The power absorbed by the input stage circuit 8 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 from the grid 3 is automatically matched to the sum of the charging power of the load 4 and the backup battery unit 6, maintaining the high-voltage DC bus voltage stable at its rated value, such as 750V or 1500V.

[0110] In the above embodiment, the control system 7 acquires electricity price, load status, and battery status, and controls the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 through the high-voltage DC bus 14 and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 15. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 15 achieves precise power distribution and higher control accuracy. This maximizes the efficiency of power grid 3 supplying power to the load 4, and optimizes battery charging and discharging power based on electricity price and grid demand, achieving cost savings and efficient energy utilization.

[0111] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit 6 reaches a second target threshold, controlling the power grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6, so that the backup battery unit 6 is in a hot standby state.

[0112] In the above embodiments, in the grid-connected mode, the second target threshold can be 95%. The control system 7 is configured to control the grid 3 to stop charging the backup battery unit 6 when it detects that the preset charge threshold of the backup battery unit 6 is greater than or equal to 95% or the electricity price is at its peak, thereby avoiding overcharging of the backup battery unit 6 and saving electricity costs.

[0113] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when the grid 3 is detected to be in grid-connected mode, in response to the grid demand signal, controlling the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0114] In the above embodiments, during peak electricity consumption periods or when distributed energy is installed on the load side 4, if the power grid 3 experiences overvoltage, undervoltage, or phase loss, meaning that the power supply of the power grid 3 is insufficient to supply the load side, the control system 7 responds to the power grid demand signal and controls the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the load 4 to compensate for the insufficient power supply of the power grid 3.

[0115] Alternatively, when electricity prices are at their peak, the backup battery unit 6 can be controlled to supply power to the load 4. By having the power grid 3 and the backup battery unit 6 jointly supply power to the load 4, electricity costs can be saved.

[0116] In some embodiments, the control method of the hybrid energy routing device 2 further includes: when the grid 3 is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the grid 3 data meets preset conditions, controlling the backup battery unit 6 to feed power to the grid 3 in reverse through the solid-state transformer power unit 5.

[0117] For example, the preset conditions for grid 3 data can be peak electricity price or peak shaving of grid 3. When the demand signal of grid 3 shows peak electricity price, the control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to dispatch the target power through the solid-state transformer power unit 5 to feed back power to grid 3. The power allocation logic of the solid-state transformer power unit 5 is P_BBU discharge = P_feed_ref + P_SST loss, where P_BBU discharge is the power released by the backup battery unit 6, P_feed_ref is the power fed into the grid, and P_SST loss is the power lost by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. At the same time, it ensures that the SOC of the backup battery unit 6 is not lower than the safety threshold of 20% to avoid deep discharge.

[0118] In the above embodiment, the control system 7, based on the preset data conditions of the power grid 3, controls the backup battery unit 6 to feed power back to the power grid 3 in reverse. The voltage of the backup battery unit 6 is completely consistent with the rated voltage of the low-voltage DC bus 13, eliminating the need for an additional DC / DC converter. The backup battery unit 6 is directly connected in parallel to the low-voltage DC bus 13, achieving bidirectional power flow. The low-voltage DC bus 13 carries the forward power supply from the power grid 3 to the load 4, and also carries the reverse power flow from the backup battery unit 6 to the power grid 3. Dynamic decoupling of the two power paths is achieved through the isolation stage circuit 9 of the solid-state transformer power unit 5. The backup battery unit 6 directly clamps the voltage of the low-voltage DC bus 13, and the voltage fluctuation of the low-voltage DC bus 13 during reverse feeding is controlled within ±5%, preventing any disturbance to the downstream sensitive load 4. Only two stages of power conversion are involved in the reverse feeding process, improving overall efficiency by 3%-5% compared to traditional solutions. This achieves stable voltage of the sensitive load 4 under reverse feeding conditions, solving the voltage flicker problem on the load 4 side during traditional power feeding solutions. Equipment costs are reduced by 15%-20%, and the footprint is reduced by more than 40%. It can be applied to small and medium-sized data centers / edge computing nodes, 5G / 6G communication base stations, and bank branches / small office spaces.

[0119] Embodiments of this application also provide a power supply system, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The power supply system 1 includes: a hybrid energy routing device 2 according to any of the above embodiments, a power grid 3, and a load 4. The input terminal of the input stage circuit 8 is electrically connected to the power grid 3, and the output terminal of the output stage circuit 10 is electrically connected to the load 4.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the backup battery unit 6 of the power supply system is connected between the isolation stage circuit 9 and the output stage circuit 10. That is, the backup battery unit 6 is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5, realizing deep integration between the backup battery unit 6 and the solid-state transformer power unit 5. In grid-connected mode, the control system 7 can control the power grid 3 to charge the backup battery unit 6 with the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit 5. Since the backup battery unit 6 is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5, the charging path of the backup battery unit 6 is shorter, reducing unnecessary conversion losses caused by intermediate circuits and improving the charging efficiency of the system.

[0121] Furthermore, compared to related technologies where the backup battery unit is connected to the solid-state transformer power unit via a mechanical static switch, in the hybrid energy routing device 2 provided in the above embodiments of this application, the backup battery unit 6 is connected inside the solid-state transformer power unit 5, and no mechanical static switch is required between them. Therefore, when switching from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the control system 7 can control the backup battery unit 6 to supply power to the external load 4 through the solid-state transformer power unit 5, achieving zero-millisecond switching without disturbing the operation of the load 4, thus achieving seamless switching and high reliability. The control system 7 controls the backup battery unit 6 to charge or discharge through the solid-state transformer power unit 5, realizing bidirectional energy flow.

[0122] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid energy routing device, characterized in that, include: A solid-state transformer power unit includes an input stage circuit, an isolation stage circuit, and an output stage circuit connected in sequence. A backup battery unit, wherein the backup battery unit is connected between the input stage circuit and the isolation stage circuit, or, connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit; The control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit at a target power regulated by the solid-state transformer power unit; and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

2. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state transformer power unit also includes a low-voltage DC bus, which is connected between the isolation stage circuit and the output stage circuit. The backup battery unit is directly connected in parallel with the low-voltage DC bus; The control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit through the low-voltage DC bus at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit; and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to external loads through the low-voltage DC bus and the solid-state transformer power unit.

3. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state transformer power unit also includes a high-voltage DC bus, which is connected between the input stage circuit and the isolation stage circuit; The hybrid energy routing device also includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the backup battery unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC bus through the bidirectional DC / DC converter; The control system is configured to control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit through the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit; and to control the backup battery unit to supply power to external loads through the high-voltage DC bus and the solid-state transformer power unit.

4. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to, upon detecting a grid connection signal and when the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reach a first target threshold, control the power grid to charge the backup battery unit at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit.

5. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control system is also configured to calculate a target power based on electricity price, load status, and battery status; and to control the solid-state transformer power unit to be scheduled at the target power to charge the backup battery unit through the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter.

6. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is also configured to control the power grid to stop charging the backup battery unit when a grid connection signal is detected and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reaches a second target threshold, so that the backup battery unit is in a hot standby state.

7. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit when an off-grid signal is detected.

8. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to, upon detecting a grid connection signal, respond to a grid demand signal and control the backup battery unit to supply power to an external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

9. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to control the backup battery unit to feed power back to the grid through the solid-state transformer power unit when a grid connection signal is detected and the grid data meets preset conditions.

10. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid energy routing device also includes a cabinet, in which the backup battery unit and the solid-state transformer power unit are housed.

11. The hybrid energy routing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The hybrid energy routing device also includes a maintenance bypass, which is located in the cabinet and connected in parallel with the solid-state transformer power unit.

12. A control method for a hybrid energy routing device, characterized in that, For controlling the hybrid energy routing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The control method includes: Monitor the power grid status; When the grid state is detected to have switched from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, the backup battery unit is controlled to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

13. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, When the grid state is detected to have switched from off-grid mode to grid-connected mode, the grid is controlled to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit, and the grid is controlled to charge the backup battery unit with the target power scheduled by the solid-state transformer power unit.

14. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, If the grid is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reach a first target threshold, the grid is controlled to charge the backup battery unit at the target power dispatched by the solid-state transformer power unit.

15. The control method according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the backup battery unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC bus of the solid-state transformer power unit via a bidirectional DC / DC converter, the target power is calculated based on the electricity price, load status, and battery status. The solid-state transformer power unit is controlled to be scheduled at the target power to charge the backup battery unit through the high-voltage DC bus and the bidirectional DC / DC converter.

16. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, If the grid is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the battery status and / or electricity price of the backup battery unit reach the second target threshold, the grid is controlled to stop charging the backup battery unit, so that the backup battery unit is in hot standby mode.

17. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, When the grid status is detected to be in grid-connected mode, in response to the grid demand signal, the backup battery unit is controlled to supply power to the external load through the solid-state transformer power unit.

18. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, When the grid is detected to be in grid-connected mode and the grid data meets the preset conditions, the backup battery unit is controlled to feed power back to the grid through the solid-state transformer power unit.

19. A power supply system, characterized in that, include: The hybrid energy routing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; The power grid, wherein the input terminal of the input stage circuit is electrically connected to the power grid; The output stage circuit is electrically connected to the load.

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