Switching room comprehensive environment monitoring terminal

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of switch room comprehensive environment monitoring terminal, belong to electric power intelligent operation and maintenance, substation environment monitoring and intelligent control technical field.The terminal integrates 15.6 inch touch liquid crystal display, double-path independent RS485 communication module, LoRa wireless communication module, human body infrared induction module, voice broadcast loudspeaker, snapshot camera, multi-device linkage control output module and local data storage module, can realize multi-region environmental parameter acquisition, double-mode networking communication, personnel entry active voice prompt, auxiliary equipment automatic linkage, personnel access snapshot traceability function, adapt to new station wired networking and old station wireless reconstruction scene, effectively improve switch room operation and maintenance safety and automation level, meet the operation and maintenance needs of substation few people, unattended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent power operation and maintenance technology, and discloses a comprehensive environmental monitoring terminal for switch rooms. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of smart grid construction, unmanned and minimally staffed substations have become the mainstream development model in the industry. Indoor switch rooms, as the core area where high-voltage equipment such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, and GIS switchgear are concentrated, directly determine the service life of high-voltage equipment and the reliability of power grid supply due to their operating environment. Environmental monitoring is a core aspect of power operation and maintenance. Existing switch room monitoring solutions mostly employ discrete, independent equipment. Temperature, humidity, gas, and water immersion monitoring devices operate independently, and display, control, and alarm functions are scattered across different terminals. Communication protocols between devices are incompatible, requiring maintenance personnel to repeatedly check multiple devices to grasp the overall status of the area. Furthermore, most existing terminals only support single RS485 wired communication. Older switch rooms have dense cabling and limited space, making rewiring difficult and posing high safety risks. A few wireless devices can only upload data and lack local control and linkage capabilities. The existing terminals only have a passive alarm function when parameters exceed the standard. They cannot actively alert environmental safety risks when personnel enter. The monitoring data has no linkage logic with auxiliary equipment such as fans and dehumidifiers, and it does not integrate personnel entry and exit records and traceability functions. The overall operation and maintenance efficiency is low and the safety hazards are prominent. It cannot meet the actual needs of integrated monitoring of smart substations.

[0003] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive monitoring terminal with high integration, strong scenario adaptability, and proactive security protection capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and propose a comprehensive environmental monitoring terminal for switchgear rooms. The terminal includes a main monitoring unit, a main control MCU module, and a power supply module. Both the power supply module and the main control MCU module are located inside the main monitoring unit and are electrically connected. The terminal also includes a 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display, a dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, a LoRa wireless communication module, a human infrared sensor module, a voice broadcast speaker, a snapshot camera, a multi-device linkage control output module, and a local data storage module. The 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display is located on the front of the main monitoring unit. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, and the multi-device... The linkage control output module and the local data storage module are both located inside the main body of the monitoring terminal. The human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, and the snapshot camera are all located on the front of the main body of the monitoring terminal. The 15.6-inch touch LCD screen, the dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, the human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, the snapshot camera, the multi-device linkage control output module, and the local data storage module are all electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module is used to connect to the front-end wired detection terminal, the LoRa wireless communication module is used to connect to the front-end wireless detection terminal, and the multi-device linkage control output module is used to connect to the environmental control device.

[0005] Preferably, the 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD is an industrial-grade wide-temperature touchscreen with an operating temperature range of -20℃ to 70℃. The display interface of the 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD includes a switch room environment data display area, a cable trench data display area, a cable well data display area, an equipment operation status display area, an alarm information pop-up area, a parameter configuration touch button area, and a historical record query button area. The switch room environment data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, SF6 gas concentration, and oxygen content data of the switch room. The cable trench data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data of the cable trench. The cable well data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data of the cable well. The equipment operation status display area is used to display the operation status data of lighting, fans, dehumidifiers, and air conditioners. The alarm information pop-up area is used to display abnormal alarm information. The parameter configuration touch button area is used to receive parameter configuration touch operations. The historical record query button area is used to receive historical record query touch operations.

[0006] More preferably, the dual-channel independent RS485 communication module includes a first RS485 communication unit and a second RS485 communication unit. The first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit are electrically isolated from each other. Both the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit adopt the Modbus-RTU communication protocol. Each of the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit can connect to 32 front-end wired detection terminals. The bus transmission distance of both the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit is 1200m.

[0007] More preferably, the wireless transmission power of the LoRa wireless communication module is set to a range of -20dBm to 20dBm, the communication distance of the LoRa wireless communication module in an open environment is 2000m, the front-end wireless detection terminal connected to the LoRa wireless communication module is a battery-powered detection terminal, and the front-end wireless detection terminal is deployed in cable trenches and cable wells.

[0008] More preferably, the sensing distance of the human infrared sensing module is set to a range of 0.5m to 3m, the sensing angle of the human infrared sensing module covers the entire area of ​​the switch room entrance, the human infrared sensing module is equipped with a trigger signal output terminal, the voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a broadcast trigger terminal, the snapshot camera is equipped with a snapshot trigger terminal, the trigger signal output terminal of the human infrared sensing module is electrically connected to the broadcast trigger terminal of the voice broadcast speaker and the snapshot trigger terminal of the snapshot camera respectively, the voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a volume adjustment unit and a voice content customization unit, and the broadcast content of the voice broadcast speaker includes normal environmental status content and abnormal alarm status content.

[0009] More preferably, the multi-device linkage control output module includes a fan control interface, a dehumidifier control interface, an air conditioner control interface, and a drainage device control interface. The fan control interface connects to a ventilation fan and an explosion-proof ventilation fan. The dehumidifier control interface connects to a dehumidifier. The air conditioner control interface connects to an air conditioner. The drainage device control interface connects to a drainage device. The multi-device linkage control output module is configured with independent control loops and combined control loops. The independent control loops are used for independent control of a single device, and the combined control loops are used for combined control of multiple devices.

[0010] Preferably, the shooting direction of the capture camera is directly facing the entrance area of ​​the switch room, the local data storage module is a solid-state storage card, the storage period of the local data storage module is not less than one year, and the content stored by the local data storage module includes on-site images captured by the capture camera, personnel entry time records, real-time environmental status data and equipment alarm information. The local data storage module is configured with a time classification and archiving unit, which is used to classify and archive data by hour, day and month.

[0011] Further preferably, it also includes an Ethernet communication module and an audible and visual alarm module. The Ethernet communication module is located inside the main body of the monitoring terminal, and the audible and visual alarm module is located on the upper front of the main body of the monitoring terminal. Both the Ethernet communication module and the audible and visual alarm module are electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The Ethernet communication module has two channels. The Ethernet communication module is connected to the substation remote background monitoring platform through an Ethernet communication line. The audible and visual alarm module is equipped with an audible and visual alarm indicator, a general early warning drive unit, and an emergency alarm drive unit.

[0012] Preferably, the data collected by the main control MCU module through the dual independent RS485 communication module and the LoRa wireless communication module includes environmental parameters and equipment status parameters. The environmental parameters include temperature and humidity in the switch room, temperature and humidity in the cable trench, temperature and humidity in the cable well, water immersion status in the cable trench, water immersion status in the cable well, water depth in the cable trench, water depth in the cable well, SF6 gas concentration, and ambient oxygen content. The equipment status parameters include lighting operation status, ventilation fan start / stop status, dehumidification equipment operation status, and air conditioning operation status. The data refresh cycle of the main control MCU module is set to a range of 1 second to 60 seconds. The main control MCU module is configured with a threshold hierarchical storage unit, which is used to store early warning thresholds, alarm thresholds, and emergency linkage thresholds.

[0013] Preferably, the main body of the monitoring terminal adopts a wall-mounted structure, the outer shell of the main body of the monitoring terminal is made of flame-retardant metal material, and the back of the main body of the monitoring terminal is provided with standardized wiring ports, including RS485 wiring port, network wiring port, device control wiring port and power wiring port. All the standardized wiring ports are equipped with anti-misinsertion sleeves and waterproof and dustproof sealing rings. A power switch is provided at the lower front of the main body of the monitoring terminal, and the power switch is electrically connected to the power supply module. The human infrared sensing module is located at the lower left side of the front of the main body of the monitoring terminal, the snapshot camera is located at the lower center of the front of the main body of the monitoring terminal, and the voice broadcast speaker is located at the lower right side of the front of the main body of the monitoring terminal.

[0014] Technical Effects: This invention integrates a 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display, dual independent RS485 communication modules, a LoRa wireless communication module, a human infrared sensor module, a voice broadcast module, a snapshot camera, a multi-device linkage control module, and a local storage module into one unit. This solves the core problems of existing switchgear monitoring equipment, such as low integration, single communication mode, passive safety prompts, disconnect between monitoring and control, and lack of personnel traceability. It can be adapted to both wired networking of newly built substations and wireless transformation of old substations, realizing proactive safety prompts for personnel entry, automatic adjustment of environmental parameters, and full traceability of entry and exit records. This effectively improves the safety and automation level of switchgear operation and maintenance, and meets the operation and maintenance needs of substations with fewer or no personnel on duty. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front external structure installation of the integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a signal network topology diagram of the overall system of the integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partition layout of the terminal touch LCD screen interface of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-3Traditional switch room monitoring equipment is functionally fragmented, with multiple independent devices performing monitoring, display, control, and alarm functions separately. Communication protocols between devices are incompatible, requiring maintenance personnel to monitor multiple terminals to understand the overall room status. Furthermore, the communication method is limited, making it unsuitable for both wired and wireless networking scenarios. There are no proactive notifications for personnel entering the room, and automatic device linkage and personnel entry / exit recording are not possible. Therefore, this monitoring terminal includes a main monitoring terminal body, a main control MCU module, and a power supply module. The power supply module and the main control MCU module are both located inside the main monitoring terminal body and are electrically connected. It also includes a 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display, a dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, a LoRa wireless communication module, a human infrared sensor module, a voice broadcast speaker, a snapshot camera, a multi-device linkage control output module, and a local data storage module. The 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display is located on the front of the main monitoring terminal body. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, the multi-device linkage control output module, and the local data storage module are also included. All storage modules are located inside the main body of the monitoring terminal. The human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, and the snapshot camera are all located on the front of the main body of the monitoring terminal. The 15.6-inch touch screen LCD display, the dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, the human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, the snapshot camera, the multi-device linkage control output module, and the local data storage module are all electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module is used to connect to the front-end wired detection terminal, the LoRa wireless communication module is used to connect to the front-end wireless detection terminal, and the multi-device linkage control output module is used to connect to the environmental control device. The main control MCU module is the control core of the terminal, completing the entire process control of data acquisition, logic judgment, command output, and interface driving. The power supply module converts external AC power into stable low-voltage DC power, providing a continuous and stable power supply for all modules. The 15.6-inch touch screen LCD serves as the human-machine interface, simultaneously displaying monitoring data from multiple areas and receiving touch operation commands. Dual independent RS485 communication modules enable network communication for wired devices, while the LoRa wireless communication module enables wireless device networking without wiring. The human infrared sensor module detects personnel entering the entrance area in real time, triggering voice broadcasts and snapshot actions. The voice broadcast speaker plays the current environmental status and risk warnings, while the snapshot camera records the scene of personnel entering. The multi-device linkage control output module outputs switch control signals to adjust the operating status of environmental control equipment. The local data storage module saves all monitoring data, alarm information, and snapshot records in real time. This solution achieves integrated monitoring functions, adapts to the networking requirements of different scenarios, and effectively improves operation and maintenance efficiency and on-site safety.

[0020] The existing monitoring terminal screens are too small, resulting in crowded data display. They cannot display multiple types of data from multiple areas in separate sections. Furthermore, ordinary consumer-grade screens cannot adapt to the operating environment of switch rooms with large temperature differences between winter and summer. Parameter configuration requires an external computer or physical buttons, which is complicated and inconvenient. Based on this, the 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD is an industrial-grade wide-temperature touchscreen with an operating temperature range of -20℃ to 70℃. The display interface of the 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD includes a switch room environment data display area, a cable trench data display area, a cable well data display area, an equipment operation status display area, an alarm information pop-up area, a parameter configuration touch button area, and a historical record query button area. The switch room environment data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, SF6 gas concentration, and oxygen content data of the switch room. The cable trench data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data of the cable trench. The cable well data display area is used to display the temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data of the cable well. The equipment operation status display area is used to display the operation status data of lighting, fans, dehumidifiers, and air conditioners. The alarm information pop-up area is used to display abnormal alarm information. The parameter configuration touch button area is used to receive parameter configuration touch operations. The historical record query button area is used to receive historical record query touch operations. The industrial-grade wide-temperature display screen uses a wide-temperature LCD panel and industrial-grade drive circuitry, enabling it to withstand extreme environments in switchgear rooms, such as low temperatures in winter and high temperatures in summer. It avoids issues like screen freezing, blackouts, or overheating crashes. The zoned display interface is divided into independent display areas based on different monitoring zones and data types. Data from switchgear rooms, cable trenches, and cable wells are displayed separately, and equipment operating status is presented in a separate area. When an anomaly occurs, an alarm pop-up automatically appears at the top, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively view the status of all locations. Alarm thresholds, communication parameters, and linkage logic can be configured directly on the terminal via touch buttons at the bottom of the screen. Historical monitoring data and snapshot records can also be directly queried without the need for an external computer or complex physical buttons. This solution enhances the convenience of human-machine interaction, and the screen's adaptability to complex temperature and humidity environments reduces the difficulty of on-site operation.

[0021] Existing single-channel RS485 communication has limited load capacity, short bus transmission distance, and the entire wired communication link is completely interrupted when a short circuit or open circuit occurs in a single channel, resulting in poor communication reliability. Furthermore, some proprietary protocol devices are incompatible with mainstream testing terminals on the market, making on-site network setup and debugging difficult. Therefore, the proposed dual-channel independent RS485 communication module includes a first RS485 communication unit and a second RS485 communication unit. The first and second RS485 communication units are electrically isolated from each other. Both the first and second RS485 communication units use the Modbus-RTU communication protocol. Each of the first and second RS485 communication units can support up to 32 front-end wired testing terminals, and the bus transmission distance for both is 1200m. The dual communication units employ opto-isolation, ensuring that short circuits, open circuits, or interference faults in one channel will not affect the other, thus improving the redundancy and reliability of the communication link. Both channels use the standard Modbus-RTU communication protocol common in the power industry, directly compatible with mainstream temperature, humidity, gas, and water immersion detection terminals on the market, eliminating the need for additional protocol conversion modules. The single-channel capacity of 32 units can meet the access requirements of all detection terminals in a single area, and the 1200m bus transmission distance can cover the wiring range of large switch rooms and long cable trenches without the need for additional repeaters. This solution improves the reliability and equipment compatibility of wired communication, meeting the networking requirements of large switch room scenarios.

[0022] Existing wireless communication modules have short communication distances, poor resistance to electromagnetic interference, and cannot cover areas with severe signal shielding such as cable trenches and cable wells. Furthermore, powering the front-end wireless terminal is difficult, requiring frequent battery replacements and resulting in high maintenance costs. Therefore, the LoRa wireless communication module has a wireless transmission power range of -20dBm to 20dBm. Its communication distance in open environments is 2000m. The front-end wireless detection terminal connected to the LoRa wireless communication module is a battery-powered detection terminal, deployed in cable trenches and cable wells. The LoRa wireless communication module employs spread spectrum communication technology, possessing strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities. It can withstand strong electromagnetic interference generated by high-voltage equipment in switch rooms, avoiding packet loss or communication interruptions. Its 2000m open-air communication range can cover the entire substation area, maintaining stable communication even in shielded environments such as cable trenches and cable wells. The transmission power can be flexibly adjusted according to the deployment distance of the field terminals, reducing the module's own power consumption while ensuring stable communication. The connected front-end wireless detection terminal adopts a low-power design and is powered by a built-in battery, eliminating the need for laying communication and power cables. It can be directly deployed in locations where wiring is impossible, such as cable trenches and cable wells, to complete data upload. This solution solves the problem of difficult wiring in old and enclosed areas, significantly reducing renovation construction costs and safety risks.

[0023] The existing human body sensing modules in the terminals can only light up the screen when a person approaches, but cannot trigger on-site safety prompts or image capture. The voice broadcast content is fixed, the volume is not adjustable, and the broadcast content cannot be adjusted according to ambient noise and actual needs. The sensing range is fixed, which easily leads to problems such as failure to trigger when a person approaches or accidental triggering by unrelated personnel passing by. Therefore, the sensing distance of the proposed human body infrared sensing module is set to a range of 0.5m to 3m. The sensing angle of the human body infrared sensing module covers the entire area of ​​the switch room entrance. The human body infrared sensing module is equipped with a trigger signal output terminal, the voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a broadcast trigger terminal, and the capture camera is equipped with a capture trigger terminal. The trigger signal output terminal of the human body infrared sensing module is electrically connected to the broadcast trigger terminal of the voice broadcast speaker and the capture trigger terminal of the capture camera, respectively. The voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a volume adjustment unit and a voice content customization unit. The broadcast content of the voice broadcast speaker includes normal environmental status information and abnormal alarm status information. The sensing distance of the human infrared sensor module can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual width and installation location of the switch room entrance. The sensing angle covers the entire entrance passage area, ensuring that personnel are not missed due to excessive proximity, nor are unauthorized personnel passing by in the corridor mistakenly detected due to excessive distance. Upon detection of personnel, a trigger signal is simultaneously sent to the voice broadcast speaker and the image capture camera, activating both voice broadcasting and image capture concurrently. The volume of the voice broadcast can be adjusted according to the daily noise level of the switch room equipment, and the broadcast content can be customized according to on-site safety requirements. When environmental parameters are normal, the system broadcasts the temperature, humidity, gas levels, and equipment operating status of the entire area; when parameters are abnormal, it prioritizes broadcasting the location, type, and risk warning of the abnormality. This solution achieves proactive detection of personnel entry and targeted safety warnings, reducing personnel safety risks at the source.

[0024] Existing terminal control interfaces can only control the on / off state of single-type devices, and cannot simultaneously connect multiple types of environmental control equipment. Their control logic is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual on-site needs to control single devices independently or multiple devices in combination, resulting in poor adaptability. Therefore, the multi-device linkage control output module includes a fan control interface, a dehumidifier control interface, an air conditioner control interface, and a drainage device control interface. The fan control interface connects to ventilation fans and explosion-proof ventilation fans; the dehumidifier control interface connects to dehumidifiers; the air conditioner control interface connects to air conditioners; and the drainage device control interface connects to drainage equipment. The multi-device linkage control output module is configured with independent control loops and combined control loops. The independent control loops are used for independent control of a single device, and the combined control loops are used for combined control of multiple devices. Different types of control interfaces employ relay output design, allowing direct connection to commonly used indoor auxiliary equipment such as ventilation fans, explosion-proof fans, dehumidifiers, air conditioners, and drainage pumps. This covers the control needs of all environmental control equipment. Independent control loops enable individual start-stop control of single devices, meeting the needs of daily manual debugging and single-device maintenance. Combined control loops can simultaneously trigger the operation of multiple devices based on the type of environmental anomaly, achieving automatic handling of abnormal scenarios. This solution enables flexible access and control of various auxiliary devices, meeting the needs of coordinated handling of different abnormal scenarios.

[0025] Existing monitoring terminals have limited storage capacity, making it impossible to retain captured records and historical monitoring data for extended periods. Furthermore, the lack of data categorization rules makes it difficult to retrieve historical data for specific time periods later. Additionally, the unreasonable camera installation angles prevent clear capture of individuals entering from the front, resulting in poor traceability. Therefore, the captured camera is positioned directly facing the entrance area of ​​the switch room. The local data storage module is a solid-state storage card with a storage period of at least one year. The local data storage module stores images captured by the captured camera, personnel entry time records, real-time environmental status data, and equipment alarm information. The local data storage module is equipped with a time-based archiving unit for classifying and archiving data by hour, day, and month. The capture camera is installed in the center of the front of the terminal, with the lens horizontally facing the entrance passage of the switch room. It can clearly capture the facial features of personnel entering and the scene without any issues of angle shift or image obstruction. Local storage uses industrial-grade solid-state storage cards, which are highly resistant to electromagnetic interference and vibration, and can operate stably in the complex environment of the switch room. The storage capacity meets the storage requirements of at least one year's worth of full monitoring data, alarm records, and captured images. The time-classified archiving unit automatically classifies and stores data according to hourly, daily, and monthly time dimensions. Maintenance personnel can quickly filter and query historical data and entry / exit records for a specified time period through the touch screen. This solution achieves long-term reliable storage of monitoring data and captured records, meeting the management requirements of power safety auditing and accident tracing.

[0026] Existing terminals can only perform local monitoring and alarms, and cannot upload data to the substation's remote backend, failing to meet the needs of remote centralized control. Their alarm methods are limited to screen prompts or fixed audible alarms, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to quickly distinguish alarm levels and potentially delaying the handling of emergency anomalies. Therefore, the terminal also includes an Ethernet communication module and an audible and visual alarm module. The Ethernet communication module is located inside the main body of the monitoring terminal, while the audible and visual alarm module is located on the upper front of the main body. Both the Ethernet communication module and the audible and visual alarm module are electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The Ethernet communication module has two channels and connects to the substation's remote backend monitoring platform via Ethernet communication lines. The audible and visual alarm module is equipped with audible and visual alarm indicator lights, a general warning drive unit, and an emergency alarm drive unit. The dual Ethernet interfaces feature a redundant design, allowing the other to continue uploading data even in the event of a single network failure. All locally collected environmental data, equipment status, alarm information, and captured data are uploaded in real-time to the substation's remote monitoring platform. Maintenance personnel can remotely view the status of all switch rooms from the main control room and also remotely issue parameter configurations and equipment control commands. The audible and visual alarm modules are prominently located on the top of the terminal. General early warning units trigger a slow flashing indicator light and a low-frequency audible alert, while emergency alarm units trigger a fast flashing indicator light and a high-frequency audible alert. Maintenance personnel can quickly identify the level of anomaly upon entering the switch room. This solution combines local monitoring with remote centralized control, improving the response speed to anomaly alarms.

[0027] Existing terminal monitoring parameters are limited to a single parameter, only monitoring temperature, humidity, or SF6 gas in the switch room. They cannot cover the status of ancillary areas such as cable trenches and cable wells, nor can they collect the operating status of auxiliary equipment. The data refresh cycle is fixed, making it impossible to adjust the collection frequency according to on-site needs. Alarm thresholds are also fixed, preventing tiered alarms and differentiated handling. Therefore, the main control MCU module collects data including environmental parameters and equipment status parameters through the dual-channel independent RS485 communication module and the LoRa wireless communication module. Environmental parameters include temperature and humidity in the switch room, cable trench, and cable well; water immersion status in the cable trench and cable well; water depth in the cable trench and cable well; SF6 gas concentration; and ambient oxygen content. Equipment status parameters include lighting operation status, ventilation fan start / stop status, dehumidification equipment operation status, and air conditioning operation status. The main control MCU module's data refresh cycle is set from 1 second to 60 seconds. The main control MCU module is equipped with a threshold tiered storage unit for storing early warning thresholds, alarm thresholds, and emergency linkage thresholds. The comprehensive parameter acquisition covers the environmental conditions of the switch room itself, auxiliary cable trenches, and cable wells, as well as the operating status of equipment such as lighting, fans, dehumidifiers, and air conditioners. It comprehensively reflects the overall operation of the switch room. The data refresh cycle can be flexibly adjusted according to on-site maintenance needs. A longer refresh cycle can be set for daily operation to reduce power consumption, while a shorter refresh cycle can be set during special power supply periods to improve real-time monitoring. A hierarchical storage unit stores three levels of thresholds. When a parameter reaches a warning threshold, only a screen notification is displayed; when it reaches an alarm threshold, voice and audio-visual prompts are triggered; and when the emergency linkage threshold is reached, the corresponding equipment is automatically activated. This solution achieves full-area, full-parameter status monitoring, adapting to maintenance needs at different times.

[0028] Existing terminal installation methods are complex, the casing does not meet the requirements for fire protection and electromagnetic interference resistance of power equipment, the rear wiring ports lack protective structures, making them prone to mis-insertion during on-site wiring, and dust and water ingress during operation can lead to port failures. The front component layout is also unreasonable, easily resulting in blind spots, image obstruction, and sound propagation obstruction. Therefore, the proposed monitoring terminal adopts a wall-mounted structure. The casing of the monitoring terminal is made of flame-retardant metal. The back of the monitoring terminal has standardized wiring ports, including RS485, network, device control, and power ports. All standardized wiring ports are equipped with anti-mis-insertion sleeves and waterproof and dustproof sealing rings. A power switch is located at the lower front of the monitoring terminal, electrically connected to the power supply module. The human infrared sensor module is located on the lower left side of the front of the monitoring terminal, the capture camera is located in the lower center of the front of the monitoring terminal, and the voice broadcast speaker is located on the lower right side of the front of the monitoring terminal. The wall-mounted structure is directly fixed to the wall at the entrance of the switch room using expansion bolts, making installation convenient and not occupying indoor equipment operating space. The flame-retardant metal shell is made of cold-rolled steel plate with powder coating, providing fire resistance and electromagnetic interference protection, and meeting the electromagnetic compatibility and fire protection standards for power equipment. The rear wiring ports use different shaped anti-misinsertion sleeves; different types of ports have different interface shapes to physically prevent wiring errors. The waterproof and dustproof sealing rings on the outside of the ports prevent dust and moisture from entering the port, avoiding oxidation and short circuits. The layout of the components at the bottom of the front conforms to the viewing angle and movement path of personnel entering. The human infrared module on the left can completely cover the entrance passage area, the central camera captures the front of personnel without obstruction, and the speaker on the right faces the entrance, ensuring unobstructed sound transmission. This solution improves the terminal's adaptability to the field environment and ease of installation, ensuring the stable and reliable functioning of each component.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive environmental monitoring terminal for a switch room, comprising a monitoring terminal body, a main control MCU module, and a power supply module, wherein the power supply module and the main control MCU module are both disposed inside the monitoring terminal body, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the main control MCU module, characterized in that, It also includes a 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display, a dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, a LoRa wireless communication module, a human infrared sensor module, a voice broadcast speaker, a snapshot camera, a multi-device linkage control output module, and a local data storage module. The 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display is located on the front of the monitoring terminal body. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, the multi-device linkage control output module, and the local data storage module are all located inside the monitoring terminal body. The human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, and the snapshot camera are all located on the front of the monitoring terminal body. The 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD display, the dual-channel independent RS485 communication module, the LoRa wireless communication module, the human infrared sensor module, the voice broadcast speaker, the snapshot camera, the multi-device linkage control output module, and the local data storage module are all electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module is used to connect to the front-end wired detection terminal, the LoRa wireless communication module is used to connect to the front-end wireless detection terminal, and the multi-device linkage control output module is used to connect to the environmental control device.

2. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 15.6-inch touchscreen LCD is an industrial-grade wide-temperature touchscreen with an operating temperature range of -20℃ to 70℃. The display interface includes a switch room environment data display area, a cable trench data display area, a cable well data display area, an equipment operation status display area, an alarm information pop-up area, a parameter configuration touch button area, and a historical record query button area. The switch room environment data display area displays temperature and humidity, SF6 gas concentration, and oxygen content data within the switch room. The cable trench data display area displays temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data for the cable trench. The cable well data display area displays temperature and humidity, water immersion status, and water depth data for the cable well. The equipment operation status display area displays the operating status data for lighting, fans, dehumidifiers, and air conditioners. The alarm information pop-up area displays abnormal alarm information. The parameter configuration touch button area receives parameter configuration touch operations, and the historical record query button area receives historical record query touch operations.

3. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-channel independent RS485 communication module includes a first RS485 communication unit and a second RS485 communication unit. The first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit are electrically isolated from each other. Both the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit adopt the Modbus-RTU communication protocol. Each of the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit can connect to 32 front-end wired detection terminals. The bus transmission distance of both the first RS485 communication unit and the second RS485 communication unit is 1200m.

4. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LoRa wireless communication module has a wireless transmission power setting range of -20dBm to 20dBm. The communication distance of the LoRa wireless communication module in an open environment is 2000m. The front-end wireless detection terminal connected to the LoRa wireless communication module is a battery-powered detection terminal, which is deployed in cable trenches and cable wells.

5. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing distance of the human infrared sensor module is set to a range of 0.5m to 3m. The sensing angle of the human infrared sensor module covers the entire area of ​​the switch room entrance. The human infrared sensor module is equipped with a trigger signal output terminal. The voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a broadcast trigger terminal. The snapshot camera is equipped with a snapshot trigger terminal. The trigger signal output terminal of the human infrared sensor module is electrically connected to the broadcast trigger terminal of the voice broadcast speaker and the snapshot trigger terminal of the snapshot camera, respectively. The voice broadcast speaker is equipped with a volume adjustment unit and a voice content customization unit. The broadcast content of the voice broadcast speaker includes normal environmental status content and abnormal alarm status content.

6. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-device linkage control output module includes a fan control interface, a dehumidifier control interface, an air conditioner control interface, and a drainage device control interface. The fan control interface connects to a ventilation fan and an explosion-proof ventilation fan. The dehumidifier control interface connects to a dehumidifier. The air conditioner control interface connects to an air conditioner. The drainage device control interface connects to a drainage device. The multi-device linkage control output module is configured with independent control loops and combined control loops. The independent control loops are used for independent control of a single device, and the combined control loops are used for combined control of multiple devices.

7. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The camera is positioned directly facing the entrance area of ​​the switch room. The local data storage module is a solid-state storage card with a storage period of at least one year. The local data storage module stores images captured by the camera, personnel entry time records, real-time environmental status data, and equipment alarm information. The local data storage module is equipped with a time-based archiving unit, which is used to archive and store data by hour, day, and month.

8. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an Ethernet communication module and an audible and visual alarm module. The Ethernet communication module is located inside the main body of the monitoring terminal, and the audible and visual alarm module is located on the upper front of the main body of the monitoring terminal. Both the Ethernet communication module and the audible and visual alarm module are electrically connected to the main control MCU module. The Ethernet communication module has two channels. The Ethernet communication module is connected to the substation remote background monitoring platform through an Ethernet communication line. The audible and visual alarm module is equipped with an audible and visual alarm indicator, a general early warning drive unit, and an emergency alarm drive unit.

9. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for switchgear room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control MCU module collects data including environmental parameters and equipment status parameters through the dual independent RS485 communication module and the LoRa wireless communication module. The environmental parameters include temperature and humidity in the switch room, temperature and humidity in the cable trench, temperature and humidity in the cable well, water immersion status in the cable trench, water immersion status in the cable well, water depth in the cable trench, water depth in the cable well, SF6 gas concentration, and ambient oxygen content. The equipment status parameters include lighting operation status, ventilation fan start / stop status, dehumidification equipment operation status, and air conditioning operation status. The data refresh cycle of the main control MCU module is set to a range of 1 second to 60 seconds. The main control MCU module is equipped with a threshold hierarchical storage unit, which is used to store early warning thresholds, alarm thresholds, and emergency linkage thresholds.

10. The integrated environmental monitoring terminal for the switch room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal adopts a wall-mounted structure. The outer shell of the monitoring terminal is made of flame-retardant metal. The back of the monitoring terminal has standardized wiring ports, including an RS485 wiring port, a network wiring port, a device control wiring port, and a power wiring port. All of the standardized wiring ports are equipped with anti-misinsertion sleeves and waterproof and dustproof sealing rings. A power switch is located at the lower front of the monitoring terminal, which is electrically connected to the power supply module. The human infrared sensor module is located at the lower left side of the front of the monitoring terminal. The snapshot camera is located at the lower center of the front of the monitoring terminal. The voice broadcast speaker is located at the lower right side of the front of the monitoring terminal.

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