Dynamic frozen polar codes for probability shaping

Abstract

Dynamic frozen polar codes for probability shaping are described. An apparatus is configured to map transmit bits to an EC polar code. The transmit bits include first data bits, second data bits, EC bits, and shaping bits. The first data bits correspond to frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the shaping bits correspond to information bit positions of the EC polar code, and the EC bits and the second data bits each correspond to remaining positions of the EC polar code. The apparatus is configured to shape the transmit bits to shaped transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an additive operation on the transmit bits including the EC bits and the second data bits. The apparatus is configured to transmit the shaped transmit bits to a receiver network device.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 18 / 611,018, filed on March 20, 2024, entitled “DYNAMIC FROZEN POLAR CODES FORPROBABILISTIC SHAPING”, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more specifically to wireless communication utilizing polar codes. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the Continuous Evolution of Mobile Broadband (CWB) program issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT),) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR are based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. These improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt them. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following is a simplified summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not a comprehensive overview of all conceived aspects. It neither identifies key or essential elements of all aspects nor describes the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0007] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus is configured to map a set of transmit bits to an error-checking polar code (EC polar code). The set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an error-checking (EC) bit set, and a set of shaped bits, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to a set of frozen bit positions in the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits corresponds to a set of information bit positions in the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the remaining positions in the EC polar code. The apparatus is configured to shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits. The apparatus is configured to transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device.

[0008] In this respect, the method includes mapping a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. The set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a set of shaped bits, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions in the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits corresponds to the set of information bit positions in the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions in the EC polar code. The method includes shaping the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits. The method includes transmitting the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device.

[0009] In another aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus is configured to receive from a transmitter network device a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an EC polar code. The apparatus is configured to deshape the shaped set of transmit bits into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of a first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set.

[0010] In this respect, the method includes receiving a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an EC polar code from a transmitter network device. The method includes deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of a first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmit bit set.

[0011] In another aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus is configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset including a set of data bits at a frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at an information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a shaped bit set at an information bit position set and zeros at a frozen bit position set by applying a pre-transformation matrix, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. The apparatus is configured to communicate the shaped transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

[0012] In this respect, the method includes processing a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping including: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at an information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a shaped bit set at an information bit position set and zeros at a frozen bit position set by applying the pre-transformation matrix, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. The method includes communicating the shaped transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

[0013] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects may include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth some exemplary features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0015] Figure 2A This is an illustration of an example of the first frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating examples of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2C This is an illustration of an example of a second frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2D This is a diagram illustrating examples of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating examples of base stations and user equipment (UEs) in an access network.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a polar code used for shaping.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the transmission and reception process for polar codes used in shaping.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a call flow diagram for wireless communication based on various aspects of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a call flow diagram for wireless communication based on various aspects of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating example error-checking (EC) polar codes for probabilistic shaping according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating example EC polar codes for probabilistic shaping according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a call flow diagram for wireless communication based on various aspects of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating examples of polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes / pre-transformed polarization codes for probabilistic shaping according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0031] Figure 15 These are illustrations of examples of hardware implementations of example devices and / or network entities.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware implementation of a sample network entity. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Wireless communication networks (such as 5G NR networks and other examples of wireless communication networks) can be designed to support communication between network nodes (e.g., base stations, gNBs, etc.) and UEs, which typically utilize polar codes for communication payloads, or between transmitter network devices and receiver network devices. Communication channels can converge to either a noisy or noisy channel based on applied polar transformations. Polar code design may include determining which bit positions are allocated for transmitting information bits and which bit positions are used for transmitting frozen bits. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) can be used for polar codes to improve the decoding performance of channel decoding. Dynamically frozen polar codes (also known as pre-transformed polar codes or parity-check (PC) polar codes) are another approach to improve the performance of polar codes for channel decoding.

[0034] However, using CRC polarization does not improve shaping performance and may actually make it worse than that of ordinary / standard polar codes. For example, in shaping, one might seek to use codewords that achieve optimal energy savings, but no "correct" codeword is being transmitted. Therefore, using CRC checksums to select polar codewords in list decoding does not provide a solution for improving shaping performance. Similarly, applying PC polar codes directly to the shaping problem does not improve shaping performance. As an example of the difference between shaping and channel decoding, it can be observed that in channel decoding, the frozen bits of polar codes can, in principle, be set to any value, as long as the receiver knows the values ​​or rules that generate these "dynamic" frozen bits. However, in the context of the shaping problem, frozen bits can have a correspondence with the original data bits to be transmitted so that the receiver can recover the data after deshaping. Therefore, any dynamic frozen / PC bits can be placed in a subset of the bit positions designed as "information bit positions" for polar codes, and not in other positions. Therefore, compared to ordinary polar codes, PC / dynamically frozen polar codes do not provide any additional gain for shaping.

[0035] Various aspects as a whole involve wireless communication utilizing polar codes. Some aspects more specifically involve dynamically frozen polar codes for probabilistic shaping. In one example, a transmitter network device (e.g., a UE or network node / entity) can map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. The set of transmit bits may include a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an error check (EC) bit set, and a shaping bit set. The first set of data bits may correspond to the set of frozen bit positions in the EC polar code. The shaping bit set may correspond to the set of information bit positions in the EC polar code. Both the EC bit set and the second data bit set may correspond to the remaining positions in the EC polar code. The transmitter network device can shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second data bit set. The transmitter network device can then transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device (e.g., a network node / entity or UE). In one example, a receiver network device (e.g., a UE or network node / entity) may receive a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an EC polar code from a transmitter network device (e.g., a network node / entity or UE). The receiver network device may deshape the shaped set of transmit bits into a set of transmit bits. Deshaping may be based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of a first data bit set, a shaped set of bits, and a second data bit set of the EC bit set and the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped set of bits for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set. In one example, a first network device (e.g., a transmitter network device or a receiver network device) may process the bit set based on a polar code. The polar code may be associated with a PAC code and / or a pre-transformed polar code. The bit set may be associated with a mapping to a polar code, which includes: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at the frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at the information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed integer bit set associated with an integer bit set at the information bit position set and zeros at the frozen bit position set by applying an upper triangular matrix. The upper triangular matrix may include diagonal elements equal to one, and the transformed integer bit set may be superimposed on the data bit superset. The first network device may communicate the transformed transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device (e.g., a network node / entity or UE) before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

[0036] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by using the overlap or addition / XOR mapping of the data payload bits to be transformed by the EC polar code with the set of data bits of the payload, the described techniques can be used as in other polar code solutions with 2 k The system uses k codewords (where k is the number of integer bits) to maximize the integer shape while improving / increasing the minimum distance between codewords relative to other polar code solutions.

[0037] The detailed descriptions following, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describe various configurations and do not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed descriptions include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0038] Various apparatuses and methods are presented with reference to several aspects of a telecommunications system. These apparatuses and methods are described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0039] As an example, an element, any part of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a "processing system" including one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system may execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0040] Therefore, in one or more example aspects, specific implementations, and / or use cases, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures accessible by a computer.

[0041] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described herein by way of example, additional or different aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and package arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specific to a use case or application, the described examples may exhibit broad applicability. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more of the technologies described herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily involve multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or decomposed components, end-user equipment, etc., of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0042] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements or network equipment (such as base stations (BS)) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, BSs (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), or cell, etc.) can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone BS or monolithic BS) or decomposed base stations.

[0043] Aggregated base stations can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. Decentralized base stations can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some respects, the CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, namely a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0044] Base station operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)). Decomposition can include distributing functionality across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functionality of at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station or decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit.

[0045] Figure 1Figure 100 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system and access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a decomposed base station architecture. The decomposed base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110, which may communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 via one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both. CUs 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via a corresponding fronthaul link. RUs 140 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0046] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO frame 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of these units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include wired interfaces configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via wired transmission media. Additionally, these units may include wireless interfaces that may include receivers, transmitters, or transceivers (such as RF transceivers) configured to receive signals via wireless transmission media or transmit signals to one or more other units, or both.

[0047] In some aspects, the CU 110 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 can be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0048] DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 140s. In some aspects, DU 130 may at least partially host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, etc.) according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 130 or with control functions hosted by CU 110.

[0049] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 140s. In some deployments, an RU140 controlled by a DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, at least in part based on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration allows the DU 130 and CU 110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0050] SMO framework 105 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RU 140s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 105.

[0051] The non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 125, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface such as an E2 interface connecting one or more CU 110s, one or more DU 130s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 125.

[0052] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and use AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0053] At least one of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as base station 102. Therefore, base station 102 may include one or more of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in base station 102). Base station 102 provides UE 104 with an access point to core network 120. Base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include an evolved home node B (eNB) (HeNB), which can provide service to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU 140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) transmission (also known as reverse link) from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) transmission (also known as forward link) transmission from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may use one or more carriers. For each direction, the total number of carriers used for transmission can be up to [number missing]. Yx MHz ( x For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation (of component carriers), base station 102 / UE 104 can use up to [number] carriers. YA spectrum with a bandwidth of MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.). Carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric for DL ​​and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as the secondary cell (SCell).

[0054] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. D2D communication link 158 can use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be performed through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as Bluetooth. ™ (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), and is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard for Wi-Fi.) ™ (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance), LTE, or NR.

[0055] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150, which communicates with the UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in an unlicensed spectrum such as 5 GHz. When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communication.

[0056] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0057] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified the operating bands used for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0058] In view of the above, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "below 6 GHz" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "millimeter wave" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR2-2 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0059] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit beamformed signals 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 102 in one or more receive directions. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 102 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 102 may be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0060] Base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, transceiver base station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. Base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, sidelink node, aggregated (monolithic) base station with baseband units (BBU) (including CU and DU) and RU, or may be implemented as a decomposed base station including one or more of CU, DU, and / or RU. A collection of base stations that may include decomposed base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as Next Generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0061] The core network 120 may include Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, Session Management Function (SMF) 162, User Plane Function (UPF) 163, Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. AMF 161 is the control node that processes signaling between UE 104 and the core network 120. AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. UDM 164 supports authentication and key agreement (AKA) credential generation, user identity processing, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are exemplified as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Location Center (MPC), etc. GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE location information. LMF 166 receives measurement and auxiliary information from NG-RAN and UE 104 via AMF 161 to calculate the location of UE 104. NG-RAN may use one or more positioning methods to determine the location of UE 104. Positioning UE 104 may involve signal measurement, location estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. Signal measurement may be performed by UE 104 and / or base station 102 serving UE 104. The measured signals may be based on one or more of the following: Satellite Positioning System (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) or other satellite positioning / location systems), LTE signals, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor), NR Enhanced Cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multiple round-trip time (multiple RTT), DL departure angle (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0062] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some UEs in UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking timers, air pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also be applied to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network together and / or individually.

[0063] Refer again Figure 1In some respects, UE 104 may have a polar code shaping component 198 (“Component 198”) that can be configured to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. The set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a shaped bit set, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the shaped bit set corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. Component 198 can be configured to shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits. Component 198 can be configured to transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device. Component 198 can be configured to receive the shaped set of transmit bits associated with the EC polar code from a transmitter network device. Component 198 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set. Component 198 can be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a set of frozen bit positions in the polar code and zeros at a set of information bit positions in the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits at the set of information bit positions to which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied and zeros at the set of frozen bit positions, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. Component 198 can be configured to communicate the shaped transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

[0064] In some aspects, base station 102 may have a polar code shaping component 199 (“Component 199”) configured to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. The set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a shaped bit set, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the shaped bit set corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. Component 199 may be configured to shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second data bit set. Component 199 may be configured to transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device. Component 199 may be configured to receive the shaped set of transmit bits associated with the EC polar code from a transmitter network device. Component 199 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmit bit set. Component 199 can be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a set of frozen bit positions in the polar code and zeros at a set of information bit positions in the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits at the set of information bit positions to which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied and zeros at the set of frozen bit positions, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. Component 199 can be configured to communicate the shaped transmit bit set associated with the set of bits to a second network device before or after processing the set of bits based on the polar code.

[0065] Therefore, various aspects have provided solutions using 2, as in other polar code solutions. k The minimum distance between codewords is improved / increased relative to other polar code solutions by using a set of data bits of the payload to be transformed by the EC polar code, which is either overlapped or added / XORed with the EC bits.

[0066] Figure 2A Figure 200 illustrates an example of the first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B Figure 230 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2CFigure 250 is an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D Figure 280 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to either DL or UL) or Time Division Duplex (TDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to both DL and UL). Figure 2A , Figure 2C In the provided example, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible and can be used between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The slot format is configured for the UE via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0067] Figures 2A to 2D The frame structure is illustrated, and aspects of this disclosure are applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Symbols on the DL may be CP Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. Symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high-throughput scenarios) or Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and a parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). The symbol length / duration can be scaled by 1 / SCS.

[0068]

[0069] Table 1: Parameter Set, SCS, and CP

[0070] For a normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets µ 0 through 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For the extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Therefore, for a normal CP and parameter set µ, there are 14 symbols per slot and 2 slots per subframe. µ One time slot. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to ,in The parameter sets are 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz for parameter set µ=0 and 240 kHz for parameter set µ=4. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D Examples of a normal frequency division multiplexing (CP) with 14 symbols per time slot and a parameter set of µ=2 with 4 time slots per subframe are provided. The time slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within the frame set, there may be one or more distinct bandwidth portions (BWPs) of frequency division multiplexing (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2B Each BWP can have a specific set of parameters and CP (normal or extended).

[0071] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot consists of a resource block (RB) extending for 12 consecutive subcarriers (also known as a physical RB (PRB)). The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0072] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0073] Figure 2BExamples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE comprising six RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising 12 coherent REs in the OFDM symbol of the RB. A PDCCH within a BWP can be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in the PDCCH search space (e.g., the common search space, the UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring timing on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) may be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number and radio frame timing. Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the System Frame Number (SFN) and the number of Restricted Frames (RBs) in the system bandwidth. The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages.

[0074] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations. The UE can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the comb teeth. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0075] Figure 2DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUCCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCIs.

[0076] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 310 and UE 350 in the access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to controller / processor 375. Controller / processor 375 implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the delivery of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0077] Transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) decoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. TX processor 316 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and then combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-decoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from channel estimator 374 are used to determine the decoding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates can be derived from a reference signal transmitted by UE 350 and / or channel condition feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier for transmission.

[0078] At UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial stream destined for UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal consists of a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, along with the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most probable signal constellation point transmitted by base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on a channel estimate calculated by channel estimator 358. The soft decision is then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0079] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with at least one memory 360 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0080] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmission performed by base station 310, controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0081] The TX processor 368 can use the reference signal transmitted from the base station 310 or the channel estimate derived from feedback by the channel estimator 358 to select an appropriate decoding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via individual transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0082] UL transmission is processed at base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to RX processor 370.

[0083] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with at least one memory 376 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0084] At least one of the TX processor 368, RX processor 356, and controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform coupling. Figure 1 The components of 198 are all aspects.

[0085] At least one of the TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform coupling. Figure 1 The components of 199 are all aspects.

[0086] Communication between network nodes / entities (e.g., base stations, gNBs, etc.) and UEs, or between transmitter and receiver network devices, can typically utilize polar codes for channel polarization of the communication payload. The communication channel can converge to either a noisy or noisy channel based on the applied polarization transformation. Polar code design may involve determining which bit positions are allocated for transmitting information bits and which bit positions are used for transmitting frozen bits. For polar codes, CRC can be used to improve the decoding performance of channel decoding. Dynamically frozen polar codes (also known as pre-transformed polar codes / PC polar codes) are another approach to improving the performance of polar codes for channel decoding. However, using CRC polarization does not improve shaping performance and may even make it worse than with ordinary / standard polar codes in some cases. For example, for shaping, one might seek to use codewords that achieve optimal energy savings, but no "correct" codeword is being transmitted. Therefore, using CRC checksums to select polar codewords in list decoding does not provide a solution for improving shaping performance. Similarly, applying PC polar codes directly to the shaping problem does not improve shaping performance. As an example, in the channel decoding problem, the frozen bits of a polar code can, in principle, be set to any value, as long as the receiver knows the values ​​or rules that generate these "dynamic" frozen bits. However, in the context of the shaping problem, the frozen bits can have a correspondence with the original data bits to be transmitted, so that the receiver can recover the data after deshaping. Therefore, any dynamic frozen / PC bit can be placed in a subset of the bit positions designed as "information bit positions" for the polar code, and not in other positions. Thus, PC / dynamically frozen polar codes do not provide any additional gain for shaping compared to ordinary polar codes.

[0087] Figure 4 Figure 400 illustrates an example of a polar code used for shaping. Figure 400 shows a configuration 450 for polar code 402 and its associated encoder matrix (G), polar encoder matrix 410, and a configuration 460 for PAC code / pre-transformed polar code, polar code 403 and its associated encoder matrix (G) and multi-diagonal matrix (T), polar encoder matrix 410 and multi-diagonal matrix 414.

[0088] In configuration 450, data bits 404 and integer bits 406 are input to polar code 402 and transformed by polar encoder matrix 410, as follows: The diagram shows the output being an integer bit set of 408. Generally, the polar code used for shaping places the original information bits in the frozen positions of the polar code, and a polar decoder is used on the transmitter (Tx) side to decode the set of integer bits (e.g., integer bit set 406), resulting in a codeword of 412 (v = [b,s]) after polar encoding. G) has a desired (e.g., non-uniform) distribution. On the Tx side, polar code 402 uses a polar decoder to perform shaping. First, the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) is initialized according to the target distribution: LLR = Then, the decoder uses the original information bits as freeze bits and attempts to decode the corresponding integer bits (e.g., integer bit 406). The Tx side then uses codeword 412 (v=[b,s]). G) is re-encoded and the codeword 412 "v" is sent to the receiver (Rx) side.

[0089] For the Rx side, the operation involves receiving the correct codeword "v", such as codeword 412, as after channel decoding, which can be performed by any FEC code, and then performing the operation of applying polar encoder matrix 410 to codeword 412: (v G). This yields information bits including data bit 404 (“b”). In such cases, the integer bits 406 can be discarded because they are determined for integer purposes and may not be used otherwise.

[0090] In the context of dynamic freezing (e.g., EC, PC, CRC) and pre-transformed polar codes, the idea behind dynamic freezing or parity-check polar codes is to place linear combinations of information bits in a subset of the frozen bit positions, rather than placing all zeros at the frozen bit positions. For example, in 5G polar codes, three additional parity bits (e.g., obtained from a linear shift register of the information bits) can be added to the frozen bit positions to improve performance. In the example of 5G PC polar decoding, the result is... The EC / PC bits. The position of the EC / PC bits can be selected based on the minimum weight of the index (1) and the highest reliability among the frozen bit positions (2). Another example of a dynamic freeze design is to set all frozen bits after the first information bit as a linear combination of the previous information bits. The framework of a dynamic freeze polar code can also include PAC (polarity adjusted convolutional code) and pre-transformed polar codes, in which the upper triangular matrix is ​​multiplied by the information payload before undergoing the polarization transformation "G".

[0091] In configuration 460, information bit 416 can be represented as Polar code 403 can be converted into a polar code by a corresponding polar sequence (such as polar encoder matrix 410(G)). Information bits Mapped to ,in have The length of the unit digit corresponds to the polarization sequence, which indicates the positions of the information bits and the freeze bits. The encoded output 418 can be represented as... .therefore, ,in It is the polar encoder matrix 410. For PAC codes, matrix T (e.g., multidiagonal matrix 414) is a multidiagonal (and therefore upper triangular) matrix, as illustrated by example, where the diagonal elements T(t) jj ) is a (1). The multi-diagonal matrix 414 can be applied to rate-1 convolutional codes. For pre-transformed polar codes, any upper triangular matrix can be used in the encoding.

[0092] Figure 5 Figure 500 illustrates an example of the transmission and reception process for polar codes used in shaping. Figure 500 shows a configuration 550 for the Tx-side polar code stream used in shaping, and a configuration 560 for the Rx-side polar code stream used in shaping.

[0093] In configuration 550, for the Tx-side polarized code stream used for shaping, information bits 502 for the payload to be transmitted can be demultiplexed, a portion of which undergoes shaping 504 by the polarized code (as described above) to generate shaped bits 506. Shaped bits 506 can be passed through a high-rate systematic FEC and then undergo bit-to-constellation mapping (e.g., based on shaped systematic bits, unshaped systematic bits, and parity bits). Next, QAM operations are performed (e.g., mapping to amplitude / symbol), and the shaped output 508 with a non-uniformly distributed QAM constellation is sent to the receiver.

[0094] In configuration 560, for the Rx-side polarized bitstream used for shaping, the received signal 510 associated with the shaped output 508, along with symbol / bit priors, is received by the receiver. After demodulation and demultiplexing of the demodulated signal as described herein, the channel decoder performs channel decoding, and the channel decoding result is demultiplexed to identify / isolate the shaped bits 506 from the received signal 510. Deshaping 512 is performed on the shaped bits 506, and the resulting deshaped bits 514 are multiplexed with the unshaped bits 516 to recover the information bits 502.

[0095] This paper provides techniques and design details for performing probability amplitude shaping / deshaping using dynamically frozen / parity-checked polar codes. These aspects improve upon dynamically frozen / PC polar codes, offering performance advantages over standard polar codes in shaping. The paper also provides techniques and design details for performing probability amplitude shaping / deshaping using PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes.

[0096] Polar codes can be used to perform probabilistic shaping, and their performance is comparable to other shaping techniques (e.g., Constant Component Distribution Matching (CCDM)), with significantly lower complexity on the Rx side compared to CCDM. This paper presents aspects of dynamically frozen polar codes (or, more generally, EC polar codes) for probabilistic shaping. These aspects enable the use of 2... k The shaping is maximized using k codewords (where k is the number of shaping bits), while the minimum distance between codewords is improved / increased relative to other polar code solutions by overlapping or adding / XORing the data payload bits to be transformed by the EC polar code using the data bit set of the payload with the EC bits. The EC bits are based on the shaping bits for the target distribution of the shaped data. Shaping can be considered similar to quantization, where the more codewords available in the codebook, the better the quantization performance. On the other hand, PC polar codes have a better minimum distance than standard polar codes, and polar codes with better minimum distances are better for quantization.

[0097] By way of example, and not limitation, the aspects described herein may be referred to with reference to PC polar codes, but the aspects also apply to CRC polar codes or other types of error-checking polar codes, and therefore the aspects may be generally described with reference to error-checking (EC) polar codes to cover different types of error-checking polar codes (e.g., PC polar codes, CRC polar codes, etc.). The aspects of this document apply to any of CRC polarization, PC polarization, dynamically frozen polarization, pre-transformed polarization, and / or polarization-adjusted roll polarization (PAC), which may be collectively referred to as EC polarization. The aspects also include additional examples of EC polarization, such as PC-CRC polarization which includes both PC bits and CRC bits in the same code.

[0098] Figure 6This is a call flowchart 600 for wireless communication in various aspects. Call flowchart 600 illustrates, in various aspects, dynamic frozen polar codes (or generally EC polar codes) for probabilistic shaping of the UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., a gNB or other type of base station or DU, as exemplarily shown and described herein) for communicating with a receiver network device 604 (Rx) (e.g., a UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., a gNB or other type of base station or DU, as exemplarily shown and described herein)). The aspects described herein for the base station and for the network node / entity can generally be performed in an aggregate form and / or by one or more components in a decomposed form. Additionally or alternatively, the aspects can be performed autonomously by the UE as a supplement to and / or alternative to the operation of the base station.

[0099] In the illustrated aspect, transmitter network device 602 may be configured (at 606) to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. In this aspect, the set of transmit bits may include a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a set of shaped bits. The first set of data bits may correspond to the set of frozen bit positions in the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits may correspond to the set of information bit positions in the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits may correspond to the set of remaining positions in the EC polar code. The total set of data bits associated with the set of transmit bits may include the first set of data bits and the second set of data bits (in each aspect).

[0100] Additionally, EC polar codes can be associated with a set of available codewords, for example, based on EC polar code transformations or matrices. The set of available codewords may include 2... K There are K available codewords, where K is the number of integer bits in the set of integer bits. In all respects, as described in this paper, the minimum distance between codewords in the set of available codewords is greater than the minimum distance between non-EC polar codes / standard polar codes.

[0101] Transmitter network device 602 can be configured to shape a set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits based on a mapping, EC polar codes, and addition operations on the set of transmit bits, including an EC bit set and a second data bit set. The addition operation can include, for example, addition for non-binary EC polar codes, or can include, for example, an XOR operation for binary EC polar codes. In various aspects, to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to generate the shaped bit set based on at least one of a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) or a set of probabilities associated with a target distribution of the shaped set of transmit bits, and a decoder of the EC polar codes. In various aspects, to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to generate the EC bit set based on an EC relation associated with the shaped bit set.

[0102] In some aspects, the EC bit set can be a CRC bit set, and the EC relation can be a CRC relation based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the integer bit set. In some aspects, the EC bit set can be a PC bit set, and the EC relation can be a PC relation based on a set of linear combinations of integer bits in the integer bit set. In all aspects, the target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set can be associated with a QAM constellation configuration.

[0103] In various aspects, in order to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, the transmitter network device 602 may be configured to encode the first set of data bits, the shaped set of bits, the second set of data bits, and the EC bit set into a set of coded bits according to EC polar codes. In some aspects, the shaped set of transmit bits may include a set of coded bits from the EC polar codes representing the output of an encoder operation (e.g., an operation performed by an encoder of EC polar codes). The shaping performed by the transmitter network device 602 (at 608) may include shaping the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits in bit fields (e.g., binary fields) for the shaped set of transmit bits.

[0104] Transmitter network device 602 can be configured to transmit a shaped bit set 610 to a receiver network device 604 that can be configured to receive. In various aspects, transmitter network device 602 can utilize a target distribution associated with a QAM constellation configuration to transmit the shaped bit set 610. In various aspects, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to transmit a shaped bit set associated with an EC polar code based on the output of a channel encoder associated with transmitter network device 602.

[0105] Figure 7Call flowchart 700 illustrates various aspects of a call for wireless communication. Call flowchart 700 illustrates, in various aspects, the probabilistic shaping of dynamically frozen polar codes (or generally EC polar codes) for communication with transmitter network device 702 (Rx) (e.g., UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., gNB or other types of base stations or DU, as exemplarily shown and described herein)) and receiver network device 704 (Tx) (e.g., UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., gNB or other types of base stations or DU, as exemplarily shown and described herein)). The aspects described herein for the base station and for the network node / entity can generally be performed in an aggregate form and / or by one or more components in a decomposed form. Additionally or alternatively, the aspects can be performed autonomously by the UE as a supplement to and / or alternative to the operation of the base station.

[0106] In the illustrated aspects, receiver network device 704 may be configured to receive a set of shaped transmit bits 706 associated with EC polar codes from transmitter network device 702, which may be configured to perform transmission. In various aspects, the set of shaped transmit bits 706 may be transmitted by transmitter network device 702 and received by receiver network device 704 using a target distribution associated with a QAM constellation configuration. In various aspects, receiver network device 704 may be configured to receive the set of shaped transmit bits associated with EC polar codes based on the output of a channel decoder associated with receiver network device 704.

[0107] Receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708), receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (i) the inverse of the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the transmit bit set of the second data bit set using the EC bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set, receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (ii) the shaped bit set of the EC bit set used for the transmit bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set, receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (iii) the subtraction of the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmit bit set.

[0108] In various aspects, the process by which receiver network device 704 deshapes the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) into a transmit bit set based on (i) the inverse of the EC polar code may include receiver network device 704 being configured to identify the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set by applying the inverse of the EC polar code to the shaped transmit bit set. In various aspects, the process by which receiver network device 704 deshapes the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) into a transmit bit set based on (ii) the shaped bit set of the EC bit set used for the transmit bit set may include receiver network device 704 being configured to generate the EC bit set based on an EC relation associated with the shaped bit set. The EC bit set may be a CRC bit set, and the EC relation may be a CRC relation based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the shaped bit set. The EC bit set may be a PC bit set, and the EC relation may be a PC relation based on a set of linear combinations of shaped bits in the shaped bit set. In all respects, the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set can be associated with the addition operation on it / the overlap between them.

[0109] Deforming the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set can be performed in the bit field for the shaped transmit bits. In various respects, deforming the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) by the receiver network device 704 based on (iii) subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set may include the receiver network device 704 being configured to add the EC bit set to the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set in a bit field addition operation.

[0110] Figure 8 This is a diagram 800 illustrating example EC polar codes for probabilistic shaping in various aspects. Diagram 800 shows an EC polar code 802 including an encoder 814 and a decoder 816. In various aspects, the EC polar code 802 can be configured to utilize an EC polar encoder matrix 818 (… G It performs shaping / deshaping on the set of transmitted bits, as described in this paper, and in some respects may be referred to as a “shaper”.

[0111] The aspects of the EC polar codes used in this paper for probabilistic shaping enable the shaping of NK uniformly distributed data bits into a shaped bit 810 (e.g., codeword 812) of length N. For example, PC polar codes such as EC polar code 802 may include Information bit position 807, NK- The frozen position is 805 and The remaining bits are located at position 809. Various aspects provide inputs for placing bits into the polarization transformation for EC polar code 802 (e.g., via EC polar encoder matrix 818), as shown in Figure 800, for illustrative and explanatory purposes. In each aspect, K integer bits (e.g., integer bit set 806) s This can be placed at position 807 of the K information bits in the EC polar code 802, and 1 data bit (e.g., the first data bit set 804) a The bit combination 808 (including other data bits + PC bit) can be placed at the freeze bit position 805. Additionally, compared to the previous solution, this includes bit combination 808 (including other data bits + PC bit). d (For example, via targeting data bits (e.g., the second data bit set 820) a' ) and PC bits (e.g., EC bit set 822 ( p Overlapping / XOR operation (" () can be placed in the remaining The units digit is at position 809. Therefore, EC polar codes for probabilistic shaping can be implemented in various ways, such as EC polar code 802. Codeword 812 can thus be generated by polarization transformation G (e.g., EC polar encoder matrix 818, which can be N). N matrix is ​​applied to the mapping bits [a, a] ' To obtain (e.g., codeword 812 can be obtained using +p, s]), .

[0112] Therefore, the number of codewords 812 available for selection based on integer shape is reserved. This is a codeword, which is the same as the standard polar code, while the EC polar code 802... The minimum distance between codewords (e.g., codeword 812) is greater than the minimum distance of standard polar codes.

[0113] Figure 9 This is a diagram 900 illustrating example EC polar codes used for probabilistic shaping in various aspects. Diagram 900 shows an EC polar code 902 including an encoder 914 and a decoder 916. EC polar code 902 can be... Figure 8 One aspect of the EC polar code 802. In various respects, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to perform shaping / deshaping on the transmitted bit set using the EC polar encoder matrix 918, as described herein, and in some respects may be referred to as a “shaper”.

[0114] The aspects of the EC polar codes used in this paper for probabilistic shaping enable the shaping of NK uniformly distributed data bits into a 910-bit (e.g., codeword 912) of length N. For example, PC polar codes such as EC polar code 902 may include Information bit position 907, NK- The frozen position is 905 and The remaining bits are located at position 909. Various aspects provide inputs for placing bits into the polarization transformation for EC polar code 902 (e.g., via EC polar encoder matrix 918), as shown in Figure 900, in an illustrative and descriptive manner. In each aspect, K integer bits (e.g., integer bit set 906) It can be placed at position 907 of the K information bits of the EC polar code 902, and 1 data bit (e.g., the first data bit set 904) The bit combination 908 (including other data bits + PC bit) can be placed at the freeze bit position 905. Additionally, compared to the previous solution, this includes bit combination 908 (including other data bits + PC bit). d (For example, via overlap / XOR operation (" This operation applies to other data bits (e.g., the second set of data bits 920). ) and PC bits (e.g., EC bit set 922 ( It can be placed in the remaining The units digit is at position 909. Therefore, EC polar codes for probabilistic integer shaping can be implemented in various ways, such as EC polar code 902.

[0115] In various respects, the shaper (e.g., as represented by EC polar code 902, configured to perform shaping / deshaping on the transmitted bit set using EC polar encoder matrix 918) can be targeted at and Each implementation is configured to identify / compute / generate / determine. and (For example, integer bit set 906) ) and EC bit set 922 ( A vector of length N is given. (For example, codeword 912) has a desired distribution. In various respects, it can be based on the integer bit set 906 ( The associated EC relation 917 is used to generate the EC bit set. In the EC bit set 922 ( ) can be various aspects of the CRC bit set, and EC relation 917 can be based on the CRC polynomial and the integer bit set 906 ( The CRC relationship of the set of polynomial division remainders associated with ). In the EC bit set 922 ( ) can be aspects of the PC bit set, and EC relation 917 can be based on the integer bit set 906 ( PC relation of linear combination set of integer bits in ).

[0116] In this context, the codeword 912 representation of a vector of length N can be rewritten as: The left-hand side of the rewritten representation / equation is EC polar code 902 (e.g., where all frozen bits are set to zero), and the left-hand side of the rewritten representation / equation includes integer bits. And a scrambling sequence that can be generated from the 924-bit data set after reshaping. In this respect, Indicates stacking G The submatrix is ​​obtained by taking a subset of the rows corresponding to the information bit position and PC bit position 907, and Indicates stacking G The middle corresponds to the freeze position 905 and the remaining A subset of the rows at position 909 (e.g., PC position) is obtained G The submatrix.

[0117] In all respects, the EC bit set is 922 ( During decoding of decoder 916, the integer bit set 906 ( )Calculation / generation. Based on the formula described above, decoder 916 can be configured to compute / generate integer bit set 906 ( Decoding (through processing representation) The right side is for receiving signals. (For example, a set of 924 digits after reshaping) plus some additive noise. The distribution of these additive noises is a target probability distribution used for shaping by the EC polar code 902. In terms of probability shaping, the LLR 926 can be based on the target probability distribution. For example, such an LLR926 can be set as follows: , where p represents the probability of being 0 in the target distribution. LLR 926 can be used as input to EC polar code 902 to be processed by decoder 916 into integer bit set 906 ( Decode the data from the integer bit set 906 ( ). The EC bit set 922 can be calculated using the EC encoding rules of encoder 914. In some respects, the decoder 916 can directly receive the target probability as its input, for example, instead of the LLR 926, to perform decoding.

[0118] Therefore, in the aspects described, it is possible to select for use by the transmitter network device (e.g., Figure 6 The transmitter network device 602 / Figure 7 The number of options for 702) shaping and subsequent codeword 912 remains unchanged. This is a codeword, which is the same as the standard polar code, while the EC polar code 902 is... The minimum distance between codewords (e.g., generated / usable codewords in codeword 912) is greater than the minimum distance of standard polar codes.

[0119] In the receiver network device (e.g., Figure 6 Receiver network device 604 Figure 7 In the context of receiving such a shaped transmission (704 in the document), according to various aspects of this document, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to operate as a deshaper for shaped transmission in a manner different from that of the standard polar code.

[0120] In all respects, after receiving the transmitted data, as described above, the receiver network device can be configured to use its channel decoder to obtain codeword 912 ( As described in this article. It can be used to recover part of the data using / by applying the inverse matrix 928 of the EC polar encoder matrix 918 of the EC polar code 902. The inverse matrix is ​​928. Accordingly, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to extract / obtain the set of integer bits 906 ( ) and the first data bit set 904 ( (From code word 912) Extract / obtain from integer bit set 906 ( EC polar code 902 can be configured to calculate / obtain EC bit set 922 based on EC relation 917 as described above. EC polar code 902 can also be configured to calculate / obtain a second data bit set 920. In all respects, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to perform addition 930 to compute / obtain the second data bit set 920. (from position 908) d )(For example ) and EC bit set 922 ( (Combined calculations / obtaining). In one example, addition can be performed by... = This can be represented as follows. In various respects, one or more of the operations described above can be performed in a bit field (e.g., a binary field) and can be performed with minimal complexity. For example, an EC polar code can be a binary EC polar code, and in such respects, p + p = p - p = 0; that is, addition and subtraction are both equivalent to XOR in a bit field / binary field. Additionally, aspects of this paper include applications for non-binary EC polar code scenarios. Such aspects can include definitions over the Galois field of integer modulo (e.g., GF(q)). Therefore, the XOR operation for binary field applications can be interpreted as addition over non-binary field operations. That is, in the case of non-binary EC polarization, the equation... = It can be modified to = This makes p - p = 0.

[0121] The aspects described above can also be applied to any PC / dynamic freeze polar code, regardless of the length of the PC / dynamic freeze bits and the PC / dynamic freeze constraints.

[0122] Figure 10 Call flowchart 1000 is provided for various aspects of wireless communication. Call flowchart 1000 illustrates dynamically frozen polar codes (or generally EC polar codes) for probabilistic shaping in the context of PAC / pre-transformed polar codes for a first network device. In each aspect, the first network device can be a transmitter network device 1002 (Tx) or a receiver network device 1054 (Rx) communicating with a second network device (e.g., by way of example, a UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., a gNB or other type of base station or DU, by way of example, those shown and described herein)), and the second network device can be a receiver network device 1004 (Rx) or a transmitter network device 1052 (e.g., by way of example, a UE or network node / entity, such as a base station (e.g., a gNB or other type of base station or DU, by way of example, those shown and described herein)). The aspects described herein for base stations and for network nodes / entities can generally be implemented in an aggregate form and / or by one or more components in a decomposed form. Alternatively or additionally, all aspects can be performed autonomously by the UE as a supplement to and / or alternative to the operation of the base station.

[0123] In the illustrated aspect, a first network device (e.g., transmitter network device 1002 or receiver network device 1054) may be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code (at 1006). The polar code may be associated with at least one of a PAC code or a pre-transformed polar code, and the set of bits may be associated with a mapping to the polar code. This mapping may include: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at the frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at the information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed integer bit set associated with an upper triangular matrix applied to the integer bit set at the information bit position set and the zeros at the frozen bit position set. In various aspects, the upper triangular matrix may comprise a set of diagonal elements equal to one, and the transformed integer bit set may be superimposed (e.g., overlapped) with the data bit superset.

[0124] In aspects where the first network device is a transmitter network device 1002 and the second network device is a receiver network device 1004, in order to process the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006), the first network device can be configured to shape the data bit set into a shaped transmit bit set based on a mapping and polar codes. The first network device can be configured to generate the shaped bit set for shaping based on a target distribution and a decoder associated with the EC polar code. In aspects, the shaped bit set can be generated based on an LLR / probability set associated with the target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set and a decoder of the polar code. The first network device can be configured to encode the data bit set and the transformed shaped bit set into an encoded bit set according to the polar code for shaping. The shaped transmit bit set may include an encoded bit set of the output of the encoder operation from the polar code.

[0125] The first network device can be configured to communicate a shaped bit set 1008 associated with the bit set to the second network device before or after processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006). In the case where the first network device is a transmitter network device 1002 and the second network device is a receiver network device 1004, the first network device can be configured to send the shaped bit set 1008 to the receiver (second) network device after processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006). In the case where the first network device is a receiver network device 1054 and the second network device is a transmitter network device 1052, the first network device can be configured to receive the shaped bit set 1008 from the transmitter (second) network device before processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006).

[0126] In aspects where the first network device is a receiver network device 1054 and the second network device is a transmitter network device 1052, in order to process the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006), the first network device may be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes. In aspects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes, the first network device may be configured to mark the transformed shaped bit subset as zero based on the first shaped bit at the first information bit position in the information bit position set of the transformed shaped bit subset in the transformed shaped bit set. In aspects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes, the first network device may be configured to mark the bit subset of the data bit superset based on the inverse of the polar codes and the transformed shaped bit subset being zero.

[0127] In various aspects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the first network device can also be configured to, for each shaped bit in the shaped bit set after the subset of shaped bits, mark the shaped bit as zero if it is at a frozen bit position in the frozen bit position set, and mark the corresponding bit in the data bit superset corresponding to the first overlap with the shaped bit based on the inverse of the polar code and the shaped bit with the corresponding element sum of the upper triangular matrix being zero. In various respects, in order to deshape the shaped bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the first network device can also be configured to, for each bit after the in-position subset of the data bit superset, mark the bit as zero if the bit is in the information bit position set, and mark the corresponding transformed bit in the transformed shaped bit set via the second overlap with the bit based on the inverse of the polar code and the corresponding element sum of the upper triangular matrix being zero.

[0128] Figure 11 Figure 1100 illustrates examples of PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes used for probabilistic shaping in various aspects. Figure 1100 shows the polar encoder matrix 1118 ( G The associated input bit configurations for PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes (e.g., polar code 1102, as an example) and encoders 1114, decoders 1116, and associated upper triangular matrices 1124 (e.g., upper triangular matrices) for probabilistic shaping are described below. The general case for PAC / pre-transformed polar codes for shaping is now described.

[0129] Generally, referring to PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes (e.g., polar code 1102), when applying polar transformations (e.g., polar encoder matrix 1118 of polar code 1102), G Before that, the upper triangular matrix T (e.g., upper triangular matrix 1124) can be multiplied by the frozen bits and the information bits, where Furthermore, in all respects, the diagonal elements 1126 of the upper triangular matrix 1124 (e.g., T) ) is one (“1”). In each respect, the information bit location set 1128 and the frozen bit location set 1130 are respectively composed of and express.

[0130] In all respects, the information bits to be transmitted in an integer codeword (e.g., codeword 1112) can be combined with the data bit set 1104 ( ) and integer set 1106 ( The integer bit set is associated with the data bit set 1104 ( ). a The overlap 1108 between the data bit set 1104 and the integer bit set 1106 can be used to implement a set of 2... K An integer with available codeword 1112 and a favorable minimum distance between them.

[0131] In this context, the data bit superset 1105 ( ) can be a vector of length N, where the data bit set is 1104 ( ) is mapped to / placed in the set of frozen bit positions 1130 of polar code 1102 ( ), and 0 (zero) is mapped to / placed in the information bit position set 1128 of polar code 1102 ( For integer bits, the set of integer bits is 1107 (). ) can be related to the set of integer bits 1106 ( The associated vector of length N, where the set of integer bits is 1106 ( ) is mapped to / placed in the information bit position set 1128 of polar code 1102 ( ), and 0 (zero) is mapped to / placed in the set of frozen bit positions 1130 of polar code 1102 ( Integer set 1107 ( It can also be associated with the application of upper triangular matrices (e.g., upper triangular matrix 1124) to generate a pre-transformed set of integer bits. ).

[0132] The set of bits after reshaping 1110 (e.g., codeword 1112) can be determined according to the relation To generate, this relation can be represented as a relation The upper triangular matrix is ​​1124 ( T ) is applied to integer bit set 1107 ( However, it does not apply to the data bit superset 1105 ( This data bit superset is the set of integer bits after pre-transformation ( () superposition.

[0133] On the Tx side, for example for a transmitter network device, such a device can be configured to initialize the LLR 1122 as... To execute the above-mentioned target Figure 9 Similar steps are described in the EC polar code aspect, where Representing vectors c (For example, the set of 1120 data bits after reshaping) There are n elements, of which: And the PAC / pretransformed polar code elements are represented as: In some respects, as mentioned above, probability (p) can be used instead of LLR 1122, and decoder 1116 can be used in c i When = 0, the probability of receiving (p) and in c i The probability of receiving when = 1 is (1-p).

[0134] On the Rx side, for example for a receiver network device, polar code 1102 can be configured to obtain codeword 1112 ( This codeword can be determined based on the relationship ( ) is generated from the channel decoder. Depending on various aspects, polar code 1102 can be configured to be generated from codeword 1112 ( )Recover data bit superset 1105 ( ), and in doing so, polar code 1102 can be configured as a superset of separated data bits 1105 ( ) and integer set 1107 ( This separation is related to the upper triangular matrix 1124 (e.g., The application of the pre-transformed integer bit set is related to and based on the summation. In all aspects, vectors ,vector sum vector The first of each of them j Each element can be represented as: , However, due to the construction described above, It can occupy both information bit position 1128 and freeze bit position 1130, and is therefore superset to data bit position 1105. ) superimposed (or more specifically, with data bit set 1104) (Superposition). However, various aspects of this paper enable the use of the upper triangular matrix 1124 ( ) is diagonal It is an upper triangular matrix. Therefore, each aspect provides a vector. The first in Units digit , depending on the transformed integer bit set 1107 ( (before) The unit digit, and not the other digits.

[0135] In all aspects, the transformed integer set is 1107 ( Each bit before the first integer bit in the vector can be zero (e.g., the first L bits), and therefore the vector... The first L bits in the corresponding set are also zero. Based on this relationship, the data bit superset is 1105 ( The first L bits of the code can be recovered to the first L bits of the inverse of the polar code 1102 with codeword 1112: ,in It's the opposite.

[0136] For the transformed integer set 1107 ( The first integer position in ) "Data bit superset ( The corresponding position 1105 in the code is 0 (zero), and therefore the polar code 1102 can be configured to be from get For all bits after the first integer bit, e.g., bits... If the corresponding position is a freeze bit, then =0, and the polar code 1102 can be configured to compute from integer bits up to j-1. Then obtain the data bits. If the corresponding position is an information bit position, then =0, and therefore Then, polar code 1102 can be configured to be used for... All previously determined recover The aspects described above can be executed sequentially, up to the data bit superset 1105 ( All data bits in ) are transmitted via data bit superset 1105 ( From the sum This is obtained by separation, specifically by utilizing the upper triangular matrix 1124 ( The upper triangle nature of ).

[0137] Figure 12This is a flowchart 1200 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a transmitter network device (e.g., transmitter network devices 602, 702, 1002, 1052; UE 104; device 1504; base station 102; network entities 1502, 1602). In some aspects, the method may include combining... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 The communication process described in the document covers various aspects and / or Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 The described aspects. This method is applicable to dynamically frozen polar codes used for probabilistic shaping. This method can be used with 2 as in other polar code solutions. k The minimum distance between codewords is improved / increased relative to other polar code solutions by using a set of data bits of the payload to be transformed by the EC polar code, which is either an overlap or XOR mapping of the EC bits with the EC bits.

[0138] At position 1202, the transmitter network device maps the transmit bit set to the EC polar code. The transmit bit set includes a first data bit set, a second data bit set, an EC bit set, and an integer bit set. The first data bit set corresponds to the frozen bit position set of the EC polar code, the integer bit set corresponds to the information bit position set of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second data bit set correspond to the remaining position set of the EC polar code. For example, the mapping can be achieved by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 An example is shown where the transmitter network device 602 maps such a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code.

[0139] Transmitter network device 602 can be configured (at 606) to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. In this respect, the set of transmit bits may include a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and an integer bit set. The first set of data bits may correspond to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the integer bit set may correspond to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits may correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. The total set of data bits associated with the set of transmit bits may include the first set of data bits and the second set of data bits (in each respect).

[0140] Additionally, EC polar codes can be associated with a set of available codewords, for example, based on EC polar code transformations or matrices. The set of available codewords may include 2... K There are K available codewords, where K is the number of integer bits in the set of integer bits. In all respects, as described in this paper, the minimum distance between codewords in the set of available codewords is greater than the minimum distance between non-EC polar codes / standard polar codes.

[0141] Figure 8 Figure 800 illustrates an EC polar code 802 including an encoder 814 and a decoder 816. In various respects, the EC polar code 802 can be configured to utilize an EC polar encoder matrix 818 (…). G The process of shaping / deshaping the transmitted bit set, as described herein, and which in some respects may be referred to as a “shaper,” is described. The aspects of the EC polar codes used in this paper for probabilistic shaping enable the shaping of NK uniformly distributed data bits into a shaped bit set of length N (e.g., codeword 812). For example, PC polar codes such as EC polar code 802 may include… Information bit position 807, NK- The frozen position is 805 and The remaining bits are located at position 809. Various aspects provide inputs for placing bits into the polarization transformation for EC polar code 802 (e.g., via EC polar encoder matrix 818), as shown in Figure 800, for illustrative and explanatory purposes. In each aspect, K integer bits (e.g., integer bit set 806) s This can be placed at position 807 of the K information bits in the EC polar code 802, and 1 data bit (e.g., the first data bit set 804) a The bit combination 808 (including other data bits + PC bit) can be placed at the freeze bit position 805. Additionally, compared to the previous solution, this includes bit combination 808 (including other data bits + PC bit). d (For example, via targeting data bits (e.g., the second data bit set 820) a' ) and PC bits (e.g., EC bit set 822 ( p Overlapping / XOR operation (" () can be placed in the remaining The units digit is at position 809. Therefore, EC polar codes for probabilistic integer shaping, such as EC polar code 802, can be implemented in various ways. Thus, the number of codewords 812 available for selection based on integer shaping is preserved. This is a codeword, which is the same as the standard polar code, while the EC polar code 802... The minimum distance between codewords (e.g., codeword 812) is greater than the minimum distance of standard polar codes.

[0142] Figure 9Figure 900 illustrates an EC polar code 902 including an encoder 914 and a decoder 916. The EC polar code 902 can be... Figure 8 One aspect of the EC polar code 802 is described herein. In various aspects, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to perform shaping / deshaping on the transmitted bit set using an EC polar encoder matrix 918, as described herein. The aspects of the EC polar code used herein for probabilistic shaping enable the shaping of NK uniformly distributed data bits into a shaped bit 910 (e.g., codeword 912) of length N. For example, a PC polar code such as EC polar code 902 may include… Information bit position 907, NK- The frozen position is 905 and The remaining bits are located at position 909. Various aspects provide inputs for placing bits into the polarization transformation for EC polar code 902 (e.g., via EC polar encoder matrix 918), as shown in Figure 900, in an illustrative and descriptive manner. In each aspect, K integer bits (e.g., integer bit set 906) It can be placed at position 907 of the K information bits of the EC polar code 902, and 1 data bit (e.g., the first data bit set 904) The bit combination 908 (including other data bits + PC bit) can be placed at the freeze bit position 905. Additionally, compared to the previous solution, this includes bit combination 908 (including other data bits + PC bit). d (For example, via overlap / XOR operation (" This operation applies to other data bits (e.g., the second set of data bits 920). ) and PC bits (e.g., EC bit set 922 ( It can be placed in the remaining The units digit is at position 909. Therefore, EC polar codes for probabilistic integer shaping can be implemented in various ways, such as EC polar code 902.

[0143] At position 1204, the transmitter network device shapes the set of transmitted bits into a shaped set of transmitted bits based on mapping, EC polar codes, and addition operations on the set of transmitted bits, which includes the EC bit set and the second data bit set. For example, the shaping can be performed by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 An example is shown where the transmitter network device 602 shapes such a set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits.

[0144] Transmitter network device 602 can be configured to shape a set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits based on a mapping, an EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits, including an EC bit set and a second data bit set. In various aspects, to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to generate the shaped bit set based on a target distribution and a decoder associated with the EC polar code. In various aspects, the shaped bit set can be generated based on a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) / probability set associated with the target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set and a decoder of the EC polar code. In various aspects, to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to generate an EC bit set based on an EC relation associated with the shaped bit set.

[0145] In some aspects, the EC bit set can be a CRC bit set, and the EC relation can be a CRC relation based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the integer bit set. In some aspects, the EC bit set can be a PC bit set, and the EC relation can be a PC relation based on a set of linear combinations of integer bits in the integer bit set. In all aspects, the target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set can be associated with a QAM constellation configuration.

[0146] In various aspects, in order to shape the set of transmit bits (at 608) into a shaped set of transmit bits, the transmitter network device 602 may be configured to encode the first set of data bits, the shaped set of bits, the second set of data bits, and the EC bit set into a set of coded bits according to EC polar codes. In some aspects, the shaped set of transmit bits may include a set of coded bits from the EC polar codes representing the output of an encoder operation (e.g., an operation performed by an encoder of EC polar codes). The shaping performed by the transmitter network device 602 (at 608) may include shaping the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits in the bit fields of the shaped set of transmit bits.

[0147] refer to Figure 9 In various respects, the shaper (e.g., as represented by EC polar code 902, configured to perform shaping / deshaping on the transmitted bit set using EC polar encoder matrix 918) can target and Each implementation is configured to identify / compute / generate / determine. and (For example, integer bit set 906) ) and EC bit set 922 ( A vector of length N is given. (For example, codeword 912) has a desired distribution. In various respects, it can be based on the integer bit set 906 ( The associated EC relation 917 is used to generate the EC bit set. In the EC bit set 922 ( ) can be various aspects of the CRC bit set, and EC relation 917 can be based on the CRC polynomial and the integer bit set 906 ( The CRC relationship of the set of polynomial division remainders associated with ). In the EC bit set 922 ( ) can be aspects of the PC bit set, and EC relation 917 can be based on the integer bit set 906 ( PC relation of linear combination set of integer bits in ).

[0148] In this context, the codeword 912 representation of a vector of length N can be rewritten as: The left-hand side of the rewritten representation / equation is EC polar code 902 (e.g., where all frozen bits are set to zero), and the left-hand side of the rewritten representation / equation includes integer bits. And a scrambling sequence that can be generated from the 924-bit data set after reshaping. In this respect, Indicates stacking G The submatrix is ​​obtained by taking a subset of the rows corresponding to the information bit position and PC bit position 907, and Indicates stacking G The middle corresponds to the freeze position 905 and the remaining A subset of the rows at position 909 (e.g., PC position) is obtained G The submatrix.

[0149] In all respects, the EC bit set is 922 ( During decoding of decoder 916, the integer bit set 906 ( )Calculation / generation. Based on the formula described above, decoder 916 can be configured to compute / generate integer bit set 906 ( Decoding (through processing representation) The right side is for receiving signals. (For example, a set of 924 digits after reshaping) plus some additive noise. The distribution of these additive noises is the target probability distribution used for shaping by the EC polar code 902. In various aspects of probability shaping, the target probability distribution can be based on LLR 926. For example, such an LLR 926 can be set as follows: , where p represents the probability of being 0 in the target distribution. LLR 926 can be used as input to EC polar code 902 to be processed by decoder 916 into integer bit set 906 ( Decode the data from the integer bit set 906 ( ). The EC bit set 922 can be calculated using the EC encoding rules of encoder 914. ).

[0150] Therefore, in the aspects described, it is possible to select for use by the transmitter network device (e.g., Figure 6 The transmitter network device 602 / Figure 7 The number of options for 702) shaping and subsequent codeword 912 remains unchanged. This is a codeword, which is the same as the standard polar code, while the EC polar code 902 is... The minimum distance between codewords (e.g., generated / usable codewords in codeword 912) is greater than the minimum distance of standard polar codes.

[0151] At position 1206, the transmitter network device sends the shaped set of transmit bits to the receiver network device. For example, transmission can be achieved by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 An example is shown of a transmitter network device 602 sending such a shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device (e.g., receiver network device 604).

[0152] Transmitter network device 602 can be configured to transmit a shaped bit set 610 to a receiver network device 604 that can be configured to receive. In various aspects, transmitter network device 602 can utilize a target distribution associated with a QAM constellation configuration to transmit the shaped bit set 610. In various aspects, transmitter network device 602 can be configured to transmit a shaped bit set associated with an EC polar code based on the output of a channel encoder associated with transmitter network device 602.

[0153] Figure 13 This is a flowchart 1300 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a receiver network device (e.g., receiver network devices 604, 704, 1004, 1054; UE 104; device 1504; base station 102; network entities 1502, 1602). In some aspects, the method may include combining... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 The communication process described in the document covers various aspects and / or Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11The described aspects. This method is applicable to dynamically frozen polar codes used for probabilistic shaping. This method can be used with 2 as in other polar code solutions. k The minimum distance between codewords is improved / increased relative to other polar code solutions by using a set of data bits of the payload to be transformed by the EC polar code, which is either an overlap or XOR mapping of the EC bits with the EC bits.

[0154] At 1302, the receiver network device receives from the transmitter network device the shaped set of transmitted bits associated with the EC polar code. For example, reception can be achieved by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 An example is illustrated where receiver network device 704 receives such a shaped set of transmitted bits associated with an EC polar code from a transmitter network device (e.g., transmitter network device 702).

[0155] Receiver network device 704 can be configured to receive a set of shaped transmit bits 706 associated with EC polar codes from transmitter network device 702, which can be configured to transmit. In various aspects, the set of shaped transmit bits 706 can be transmitted by transmitter network device 702 and received by receiver network device 704 using a target distribution associated with a QAM constellation configuration. In various aspects, receiver network device 704 can be configured to receive the set of shaped transmit bits associated with EC polar codes based on the output of a channel decoder associated with receiver network device 704.

[0156] At 1304, the receiver network device deshapes the shaped transmit bit set back to the transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set. For example, deshaping can be achieved by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9An example is shown where receiver network device 704 deshapes this shaped set of transmit bits back into a set of transmit bits.

[0157] Receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708), receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (i) the inverse of the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the transmit bit set of the second data bit set using the EC bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set, receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (ii) the shaped bit set of the EC bit set used for the transmit bit set. To deshape the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set, receiver network device 704 can be configured to deshape (at 708) based on (iii) the subtraction of the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmit bit set.

[0158] In various aspects, the process by which receiver network device 704 deshapes the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) into a transmit bit set based on (i) the inverse of the EC polar code may include receiver network device 704 being configured to identify the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set by applying the inverse of the EC polar code to the shaped transmit bit set. In various aspects, the process by which receiver network device 704 deshapes the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) into a transmit bit set based on (ii) the shaped bit set of the EC bit set used for the transmit bit set may include receiver network device 704 being configured to generate the EC bit set based on an EC relation associated with the shaped bit set. The EC bit set may be a CRC bit set, and the EC relation may be a CRC relation based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the shaped bit set. The EC bit set may be a PC bit set, and the EC relation may be a PC relation based on a set of linear combinations of shaped bits in the shaped bit set. In all respects, the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set can be associated with the addition operation on it / the overlap between them.

[0159] Deforming the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) back into a transmit bit set can be performed in the bit field for the shaped transmit bits. In various respects, deforming the shaped transmit bit set (at 708) by the receiver network device 704 based on (iii) subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set may include the receiver network device 704 being configured to add the EC bit set to the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set in a bit field addition operation.

[0160] refer to Figure 9 And by the receiver network device (e.g., Figure 6 Receiver network device 604 / Figure 7 In the context of receiving such a shaped transmission (704 in the document), according to various aspects of this document, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to operate as a deshaper for shaped transmission in a manner different from that of the standard polar code.

[0161] In all respects, after receiving the transmitted data, as described above, the receiver network device can be configured to use its channel decoder to obtain codeword 912 ( As described in this article. It can be used to recover part of the data using / by applying the inverse matrix 928 of the EC polar encoder matrix 918 of the EC polar code 902. The inverse matrix is ​​928. Accordingly, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to extract / obtain the set of integer bits 906 ( ) and the first data bit set 904 ( (From code word 912) Extract / obtain from integer bit set 906 ( EC polar code 902 can be configured to calculate / obtain EC bit set 922 based on EC relation 917 as described above. EC polar code 902 can also be configured to compute / obtain a second data bit set 920. In all respects, the EC polar code 902 can be configured to perform addition 930 to compute / obtain the second data bit set 920. (from position 908) d )(For example ) and EC bit set 922 ( (Combined calculations / obtaining). In one example, addition can be performed by... = This can be represented as follows. In all respects, one or more of the operations described above can be performed in the bit field and can be performed with minimal complexity. The aspects described above are also applicable to any PC / dynamically frozen polar code, regardless of the length of the PC / dynamically frozen bits and the PC / dynamically frozen constraints.

[0162] Figure 14This is a flowchart 1400 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a first network device (e.g., transmitter network devices 602, 702, 1002, 1052; receiver network devices 604, 704, 1004, 1054; UE 104; device 1504; base station 102; network entities 1502, 1602). In some aspects, the method may include combining... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 The communication process described in the document covers various aspects and / or Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 The described aspects. This method is applicable to dynamically frozen polar codes used for probabilistic shaping. This method can be used with 2 as in other polar code solutions. k The minimum distance between codewords is improved / increased relative to other polar code solutions by using a set of data bits of the payload to be transformed by the EC polar code, which is either an overlap or XOR mapping of the EC bits with the EC bits.

[0163] At 1402, the first network device processes a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at the frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at the information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed integer bit set associated with an integer bit set for which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied at the information bit position set and zeros at the frozen bit position set, wherein the transformed integer bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. For example, processing can be performed by... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 10 , Figure 11 An example is illustrated where a first network device (e.g., transmitter network device 1002 and / or receiver network device 1054) processes such a set of bits based on polar codes.

[0164] A first network device (e.g., transmitter network device 1002 or receiver network device 1054) may be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code (at 1006). The polar code may be associated with at least one of a PAC code or a pre-transformed polar code, and the set of bits may be associated with a mapping to the polar code. This mapping may include: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at the frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at the information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed integer bit set associated with an upper triangular matrix applied to the integer bit set at the information bit position set and the zeros at the frozen bit position set. In various respects, the upper triangular matrix may comprise a set of diagonal elements equal to one, and the transformed integer bit set may be superimposed (e.g., overlapped) with the data bit superset.

[0165] In aspects where the first network device is a transmitter network device 1002 and the second network device is a receiver network device 1004, in order to process the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006), the first network device can be configured to shape the data bit set into a shaped transmit bit set based on a mapping and polar codes. The first network device can be configured to generate the shaped bit set for shaping based on a target distribution and a decoder associated with the EC polar code. In aspects, the shaped bit set can be generated based on an LLR / probability set associated with the target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set and a decoder of the polar code. The first network device can be configured to encode the data bit set and the transformed shaped bit set into an encoded bit set according to the polar code for shaping. The shaped transmit bit set may include an encoded bit set of the output of the encoder operation from the polar code.

[0166] In aspects where the first network device is a receiver network device 1054 and the second network device is a transmitter network device 1052, in order to process the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006), the first network device may be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes. In aspects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes, the first network device may be configured to mark the transformed shaped bit subset as zero based on the first shaped bit at the first information bit position in the information bit position set of the transformed shaped bit subset in the transformed shaped bit set. In aspects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar codes, the first network device may be configured to mark the bit subset of the data bit superset based on the inverse of the polar codes and the transformed shaped bit subset being zero.

[0167] refer to Figure 11 Figure 1100 shows the polarization encoder matrix 1118 ( GThe associated input bit configurations for PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes (e.g., polar code 1102, as an example) and encoders 1114, decoders 1116, and associated multi-diagonal matrices 1124 (e.g., upper triangular matrices) for probabilistic shaping are described below. The general case for PAC / pre-transformed polar codes for shaping is now described.

[0168] Generally, referring to PAC codes / pre-transformed polar codes (e.g., polar code 1102), when applying polar transformations (e.g., polar encoder matrix 1118 of polar code 1102), G Before that, the upper triangular matrix T (e.g., a multidiagonal matrix 1124) can be multiplied by the frozen bits and the information bits, where Furthermore, in all respects, the diagonal elements 1126 of the upper triangular matrix 1124 (e.g., T) ) is one (“1”). In each respect, the information bit location set 1128 and the frozen bit location set 1130 are respectively composed of and express.

[0169] In all respects, the information bits to be transmitted in an integer codeword (e.g., codeword 1112) can be combined with the data bit set 1104 ( ) and integer set 1106 ( The integer bit set is associated with the data bit set 1104 ( ). a The overlap 1108 between the data bit set 1104 and the integer bit set 1106 can be used to implement a set of 2... K An integer with available codeword 1112 and a favorable minimum distance between them.

[0170] In this context, the data bit superset 1105 ( ) can be a vector of length N, where the data bit set is 1104 ( ) is mapped to / placed in the set of frozen bit positions 1130 of polar code 1102 ( ), and 0 (zero) is mapped to / placed in the information bit position set 1128 of polar code 1102 ( For integer bits, the set of integer bits is 1107 (). ) can be related to the set of integer bits 1106 ( The associated vector of length N, where the set of integer bits is 1106 ( ) is mapped to / placed in the information bit position set 1128 of polar code 1102 ( ), and 0 (zero) is mapped to / placed in the set of frozen bit positions 1130 of polar code 1102 ( Integer set 1107 ( It can also be associated with the application of upper triangular matrices (e.g., upper triangular matrix 1124) to generate a pre-transformed set of integer bits. ).

[0171] The integer set 1110 (e.g., codeword 1112) can be determined according to the relation To generate, this relation can be represented as a relation The upper triangular matrix is ​​1124 ( T ) is applied to integer bit set 1107 ( However, it does not apply to the data bit superset 1105 ( This data bit superset is the set of integer bits after the pre-transformation ( () superposition.

[0172] On the Tx side, for example for a transmitter network device, such a device can be configured to initialize the LLR 1122 as... To execute the above-mentioned target Figure 9 Similar steps are described in the EC polar code aspect, where Representing vectors c (For example, the set of 1120 data bits after reshaping) There are n elements, of which: Furthermore, the PAC / pretransformed polar code elements are represented as follows: In some respects, as mentioned above, probability (p) can be used instead of LLR 1122, and decoder 1116 can be used in c i When = 0, the probability of receiving (p) and in c i The probability of receiving when = 1 is (1-p).

[0173] Return to reference Figure 10 In all respects, in order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the first network device can also be configured to, for each shaped bit in the shaped bit set after the subset of shaped bits, mark the shaped bit as zero if it is at a frozen bit position in the frozen bit position set, and mark the corresponding bit in the data bit superset corresponding to the first overlap with the shaped bit based on the inverse of the polar code and the shaped bit with the corresponding element sum of the upper triangular matrix being zero. In various respects, in order to deshape the shaped bit set 1008 into a data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the first network device can also be configured to, for each bit after the in-position subset of the data bit superset, mark the bit as zero if the bit is in the information bit position set, and mark the corresponding transformed bit in the transformed shaped bit set via the second overlap with the bit based on the inverse of the polar code and the corresponding element sum of the upper triangular matrix being zero.

[0174] Refer again Figure 11 As shown in Figure 1100, on the Rx side, for example for a receiver network device, polar code 1102 can be configured to obtain codeword 1112 ( This codeword can be determined based on the relationship ( ) is generated from the channel decoder. Depending on various aspects, polar code 1102 can be configured to be generated from codeword 1112 ( )Recover data bit superset 1105 ( ), and in doing so, polar code 1102 can be configured as a superset of separated data bits 1105 ( ) and integer set 1107 ( This separation is related to the upper triangular matrix 1124 (e.g., The application of the pre-transformed integer bit set is related to and based on the summation. In all aspects, vectors ,vector sum vector The first of each of them j Each element can be represented as: , However, due to the construction described above, It can occupy both information bit position 1128 and freeze bit position 1130, and is therefore superset to data bit position 1105. ) superimposed (or more specifically, with data bit set 1104) (Superposition). However, various aspects of this paper enable the use of the upper triangular matrix 1124 ( ) is diagonal It is an upper triangular matrix. Therefore, each aspect provides a vector. The first in Units digit , depending on the transformed integer bit set 1107 ( (before) The unit digit, and not the other digits.

[0175] In all aspects, the transformed integer set is 1107 ( Each bit before the first integer bit in the vector can be zero (e.g., the first L bits), and therefore the vector... The first L bits in the corresponding set are also zero. Based on this relationship, the data bit superset is 1105 ( The first L bits of the code can be recovered to the first L bits of the inverse of the polar code 1102 with codeword 1112: ,in It's the opposite.

[0176] For the transformed integer set 1107 ( The first integer position in ) "Data bit superset ( The corresponding position 1105 in the code is 0 (zero), and therefore the polar code 1102 can be configured to be from get For all bits after the first integer bit, e.g., bits... If the corresponding position is a freeze bit, then =0, and the polar code 1102 can be configured to compute from integer bits up to j-1. Then obtain the data bits. If the corresponding position is an information bit position, then =0, and therefore Then, polar code 1102 can be configured to be used for... All previously determined recover The aspects described above can be executed sequentially, up to the data bit superset 1105 ( All data bits in ) are transmitted via data bit superset 1105 ( From the sum This is obtained by separation, specifically by utilizing the upper triangular matrix 1124 ( The upper triangle nature of ).

[0177] At 1404, the first network device communicates a shaped bit set associated with the bit set to the second network device before or after processing the bit set based on polar codes. For example, communication may be... Figure 15 One or more of the components 198, transceiver 1522, and / or antenna 1580 may perform this function, and / or may be performed by... Figure 16 One or more of the components 199, transceiver 1646 and / or antenna 1680 are performed. Figure 10 , Figure 11 An example is illustrated where a first network device (e.g., transmitter network device 1002 and / or receiver network device 1054) and a second network device (e.g., receiver network device 1004 and / or transmitter network device 1052) communicate such a shaped set.

[0178] The first network device can be configured to communicate a shaped bit set 1008 associated with the bit set to the second network device before or after processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006). In the case where the first network device is a transmitter network device 1002 and the second network device is a receiver network device 1004, the first network device can be configured to send the shaped bit set 1008 to the receiver (second) network device after processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006). In the case where the first network device is a receiver network device 1054 and the second network device is a transmitter network device 1052, the first network device can be configured to receive the shaped bit set 1008 from the transmitter (second) network device before processing the bit set based on polar codes (at 1006).

[0179] Figure 15Figure 1500 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation of device 1504. Device 1504 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or implement UE functionality. In some aspects, device 1504 may include at least one cellular baseband processor 1524 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1522 (e.g., cellular RF transceivers). Cellular baseband processor 1524 may include at least one on-chip memory 1524'. In some aspects, device 1504 may also include one or more Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards 1520 and at least one application processor 1506 coupled to a Secure Digital Card (SD) card 1508 and a screen 1510. Application processor 1506 may include on-chip memory 1506'. In some aspects, device 1504 may also include a Bluetooth module 1512, a WLAN module 1514, an SPS module 1516 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 1518 (e.g., a barometric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1526, a power supply 1530, and / or a camera 1532. Bluetooth module 1512, WLAN module 1514, and SPS module 1516 may include an on-chip transceiver (TRX) (or in some cases, only a receiver (RX)). Bluetooth module 1512, WLAN module 1514, and SPS module 1516 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antenna 1580. Cellular baseband processor 1524 communicates with UE 104 and / or RU associated with network entity 1502 via transceiver 1522 through one or more antennas 1580. Cellular baseband processor 1524 and application processor 1506 may each include computer-readable media / memory 1524', 1506' respectively. Additional memory module 1526 may also be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory 1524', 1506', 1526 may be non-transitory. Cellular baseband processor 1524 and application processor 1506 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. When executed by cellular baseband processor 1524 / application processor 1506, the software causes cellular baseband processor 1524 / application processor 1506 to perform the various functions described above. Cellular baseband processor 1524 and application processor 1506 are configured to perform the various functions described above based at least in part on information stored in memory.That is, the cellular baseband processor 1524 and application processor 1506 can be configured to perform a first subset of the various functions described above without information stored in memory, and can be configured to perform a second subset of the various functions described above based on information stored in memory. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1524 / application processor 1506 during software execution. The cellular baseband processor 1524 / application processor 1506 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include at least one of a memory 360 and / or a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1504 can be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and includes only the cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506, while in another configuration, the device 1504 can be the entire UE (e.g., see below). Figure 3 The UE 350 includes an additional module of the device 1504.

[0180] As discussed above, component 198 can be configured to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code, wherein the set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a set of shaped bits, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. Component 198 can be configured to shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits. Component 198 can be configured to transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device. Component 198 can be configured to receive the shaped set of transmit bits associated with the EC polar code from a transmitter network device. Component 198 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set. Component 198 can be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at an information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits at an information bit position set and zeros at a frozen bit position set by applying the pre-transformation matrix, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. Component 198 can be configured to communicate the shaped transmit bit set associated with the set of bits to a second network device before or after processing the set of bits based on the polar code. Component 198 can also be configured to perform a combination Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 Any aspect described in the flowcharts of any of the above and / or any aspect targeted by the transmitter network device (e.g., UE, network node / entity). Figures 4 to 11Any aspect of the process / algorithm executed by any of the processors. Component 198 may be within cellular baseband processor 1524, application processor 1506, or both cellular baseband processor 1524 and application processor 1506. Component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown, device 1504 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1504 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include components for mapping the set of transmitted bits to EC polar codes. The transmit bit set includes a first data bit set, a second data bit set, an EC bit set, and a shaped bit set, wherein the first data bit set corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the shaped bit set corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second data bit set correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. In one configuration, the device 1504 (and specifically the cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include components for shaping the transmit bit set into a shaped transmit bit set based on mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the transmit bit set including the EC bit set and the second data bit set. In one configuration, the device 1504 (and specifically the cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include components for transmitting the shaped transmit bit set to a receiver network device. In one configuration, device 1504 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include means for receiving from a receiver network device a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an EC polar code. In another configuration, device 1504 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include means for deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into a set of transmit bits based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of a first set of data bits, the shaped set of transmit bits, and a second set of transmit bits for the EC set; (ii) the shaped set of transmit bits for the EC set of transmit bits; and (iii) the subtraction of the EC set from the combination of the EC set and the second set of transmit bits for the second set of transmit bits.In one configuration, device 1504 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include means for processing a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping including: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a set of frozen bit positions in the polar code and zeros at a set of information bit positions in the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a shaped bit set at the set of information bit positions and zeros at the set of frozen bit positions to which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. In one configuration, device 1504 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1524 and / or application processor 1506) may include means for transmitting a shaped transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code. These components may be components 198 of device 1504 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, device 1504 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, these components may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0181] Figure 16Figure 1600 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation of network entity 1602. Network entity 1602 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or implement BS functionality. Network entity 1602 may include at least one of CU 1610, DU 1630, or RU 1640. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by component 199, network entity 1602 may include: CU 1610; both CU 1610 and DU 1630; each of CU 1610, DU 1630, and RU 1640; DU 1630; both DU 1630 and RU 1640; or RU 1640. CU 1610 may include at least one CU processor 1612. CU processor 1612 may include on-chip memory 1612'. In some aspects, CU 1610 may also include an additional memory module 1614 and a communication interface 1618. CU 1610 communicates with DU 1630 via a midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). DU 1630 may include at least one DU processor 1632. DU processor 1632 may include on-chip memory 1632'. In some aspects, DU 1630 may also include an additional memory module 1634 and a communication interface 1638. DU 1630 communicates with RU 1640 via a fronthaul link. RU 1640 may include at least one RU processor 1642. RU processor 1642 may include on-chip memory 1642'. In some aspects, RU 1640 may also include an additional memory module 1644, one or more transceivers 1646, an antenna 1680, and a communication interface 1648. RU 1640 communicates with UE 104. On-chip memories 1612', 1632', 1642' and additional memory modules 1614, 1634, 1644 can each be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory can be non-transitory. Each of processors 1612, 1632, 1642 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. When executed by the corresponding processor, the software causes that processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0182] As discussed above, component 199 can be configured to map a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code, wherein the set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and a set of shaped bits, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. Component 199 can be configured to shape the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits. Component 199 can be configured to transmit the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device. Component 199 can be configured to receive the shaped set of transmit bits associated with the EC polar code from a transmitter network device. Component 199 can be configured to deshape the shaped transmit bit set into a transmit bit set based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped bit set for the EC bit set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) the EC bit set subtracted from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmit bit set. Component 199 can be configured to process a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a frozen bit position set of the polar code and zeros at an information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits at an information bit position set and zeros at a frozen bit position set by applying the pre-transformation matrix, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. Component 199 can be configured to communicate the shaped transmit bit set associated with the set of bits to a second network device before or after processing the set of bits based on the polar code. Component 199 can also be configured to perform a combination Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 Any aspect described in the flowcharts of any of the above and / or by the receiver network device (e.g., UE, network node / entity) for any aspect of the process described in the flowcharts of any of the above and / or by the receiver network device (e.g., UE, network node / entity). Figures 4 to 11Any aspect of the process / algorithm executed by any of the components. Component 199 may be located within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1610, DU 1630, and RU 1640. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. Network entity 1602 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for mapping a set of transmit bits to an EC polar code. The set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an EC bit set, and an integer bit set, wherein the first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the integer bit set corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to the set of remaining positions of the EC polar code. Network entity 1602 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for shaping a set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on a mapping, EC polar code, and an addition operation on the transmit bit set, which includes an EC bit set and a second data bit set. Network entity 1602 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for transmitting the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device. Network entity 1602 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for receiving a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an EC polar code from a transmitter network device. Network entity 1602 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits back into a set of transmit bits based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of the first set of data bits, the shaped set of bits, and the EC set of bits with respect to the second set of data bits in the set of transmit bits; (ii) the shaped set of bits for the EC set of the set of transmit bits; and (iii) the subtraction of the EC set of bits from the combination of the EC set of bits with respect to the second set of data bits in the set of transmit bits. Network entity 1602 may include a variety of components configured for various functions.In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for processing a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping including: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a set of frozen bit positions in the polar code and zeros at a set of information bit positions in the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits at the set of information bit positions to which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied and zeros at the set of frozen bit positions, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset. Network entity 1602 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1602 may include components for communicating a shaped transmit bit set associated with the bit set to a second network device before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code. These components may be components 199 of network entity 1602 configured to perform the functions described by these components. As described above, network entity 1602 may include TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375. Therefore, in one configuration, these components may be TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and / or controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0183] Communication between network nodes / entities (e.g., base stations, gNBs, etc.) and UEs, or between transmitter and receiver network devices, can typically utilize polar codes for channel polarization of the communication payload. The communication channel can converge to either a noisy or noisy channel based on the applied polarization transformation. Polar code design may involve determining which bit positions are allocated for transmitting information bits and which bit positions are used for transmitting frozen bits. For polar codes, CRC can be used to improve the decoding performance of channel decoding. Dynamically frozen polar codes (also known as pre-transformed polar codes / PC polar codes) are another approach to improving the performance of polar codes for channel decoding. However, using CRC polarization does not improve shaping performance and may actually make it worse than with ordinary / standard polar codes. For example, for shaping, one might seek to use codewords that achieve optimal energy savings, but no "correct" codeword is being transmitted. Therefore, using CRC checksums to select polar codewords in list decoding does not provide a solution for improving shaping performance. Similarly, directly applying PC polar codes to the shaping problem does not improve shaping performance. As an example, in the channel decoding problem, the frozen bits of a polar code can, in principle, be set to any value, as long as the receiver knows the values ​​or rules that generate these "dynamic" frozen bits. However, in the context of the shaping problem, the frozen bits can have a correspondence with the original data bits to be transmitted, so that the receiver can recover the data after deshaping. Therefore, any dynamic frozen / PC bit can be placed in a subset of the bit positions designed as "information bit positions" for the polar code, and not in other positions. Thus, PC / dynamically frozen polar codes do not provide any additional gain for shaping compared to ordinary polar codes.

[0184] This paper presents aspects of dynamically frozen polar codes (or, more generally, EC polar codes) for probabilistic shaping. These aspects maximize shaping with 2k codewords (where k is the number of shaping bits), as in other polar code solutions, while improving / increasing the minimum distance between codewords relative to other polar code solutions by using the overlap or XOR mapping of the data bit set of the payload with the EC bits to be transformed by the EC polar code, where the EC bits are based on the shaping bits for the target distribution of the shaped data.

[0185] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowcharts is merely an example of an exemplary approach. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowcharts can be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes can be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of various boxes in a sample order, but are not limited to the given specific order or hierarchy.

[0186] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Unless specifically stated otherwise, references to elements in the singular form do not mean “one and only one” but rather “one or more”. Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “simultaneously” do not imply a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as “when,” do not imply an immediate action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but simply suggest that if a condition is met, then the action will occur, without requiring a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” means one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, which may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a collection of elements, where the number of elements is one or more. Therefore, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to execute a set of functions, the at least one processor is configured to execute the set of functions individually or in any combination. Therefore, each of the at least one processor can be configured to execute a specific subset of the set of functions, wherein the subset is the complete set, a suitable subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. A processor may be referred to as a processor circuit. A memory / memory module may be referred to as a memory circuit. If a first device receives data from or sends data to a second device, data can be received / sent directly between the first and second devices, or indirectly between the first and second devices through a set of devices. A device configured to "output" or "provide" data (such as transmission, signaling, or messaging) may, for example, transmit data using a transceiver, or may transmit the data to the device that sent the data.A device configured to "acquire" data (such as, transmit, signal, or message) may receive the data, for example, using a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described herein that are known to those skilled in the art or will later be known are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," etc., cannot replace the word "component." Therefore, no claim element will be construed as a functional component unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "component for..."

[0187] As used in this article, the phrase “based on” should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as “based on at least A”, unless otherwise stated otherwise.

[0188] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0189] Aspect 1. A method for wireless communication at a transmitter network device, the method comprising: mapping a set of transmit bits to an error-checking polar code (EC polar code), wherein the set of transmit bits includes a first set of data bits, a second set of data bits, an error-checking (EC) bit set, and a set of shaped bits, wherein: the first set of data bits corresponds to a set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code, the set of shaped bits corresponds to a set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and both the EC bit set and the second set of data bits correspond to a set of remaining positions of the EC polar code; shaping the set of transmit bits into a shaped set of transmit bits based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and an addition operation on the set of transmit bits including the EC bit set and the second set of data bits; and transmitting the shaped set of transmit bits to a receiver network device.

[0190] Aspect 2. The method according to Aspect 1, wherein shaping the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits comprises: generating the shaped set of bits based on at least one of a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) or a set of probabilities associated with a target distribution of the shaped set of transmitted bits and a decoder of the EC polar code.

[0191] Aspect 3. The method according to aspect 2, wherein shaping the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits includes: generating the EC bit set based on the EC relationship associated with the shaped bit set.

[0192] Aspect 4. The method according to aspect 3, wherein the EC bit set is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bit set and the EC relationship is a CRC relationship based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainder values ​​associated with the integer bit set.

[0193] Aspect 5. The method according to aspect 3, wherein the EC bit set is a parity (PC) bit set and the EC relation is a PC relation based on a linear combination set of integer bits in the integer bit set.

[0194] Aspect 6. The method according to aspect 2, wherein the target distribution of the shaped bit set is associated with a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation configuration.

[0195] Aspect 7. The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the EC polar code is a non-binary EC polar code; wherein the EC polar code is a binary EC polar code and the addition operation includes an XOR operation; or wherein shaping the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits based on the EC polar code includes: encoding the first set of data bits, the shaped set of bits, the second set of data bits, and the EC bit set into a set of encoded bits based on the EC polar code, wherein the shaped set of transmitted bits includes the set of encoded bits from the output of the EC polar code for encoder operations.

[0196] Aspect 8. The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the total data bit set associated with the transmitted bit set includes the first data bit set and the second data bit set; or wherein the EC polar code is combined with 2 K A set of available codewords is associated with a set of available codewords, where K is the number of integer bits in the set of integer bits, and the minimum distance between codewords in the set of available codewords is greater than the minimum distance between non-EC polar codes.

[0197] Aspect 9. A method for wireless communication at a receiver network device, the method comprising: receiving from a transmitter network device a shaped set of transmit bits associated with an error-checking polar code (EC polar code); and deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into a set of transmit bits based on: (i) the inverse of the EC polar code for a combination of a first set of data bits, a shaped set of bits, and an EC set of bits with respect to a second set of data bits of the transmit bit set; (ii) the shaped set of bits for the EC set of the transmit bit set; and (iii) subtracting the EC set of bits from the combination of the EC set of bits with respect to the second set of data bits of the transmit bit set.

[0198] Aspect 10. The method according to aspect 9, wherein deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into the set of transmit bits based on (i) the inverse of the EC polar code comprises: identifying the first set of data bits, the shaped set of bits, and the combination of the EC set of bits and the second set of data bits by applying the inverse of the EC polar code to the shaped set of transmit bits.

[0199] Aspect 11. The method according to aspect 10, wherein deshaping the shaped set of transmitted bits into the set of transmitted bits based on (ii) the shaped bit set of the EC bit set for the set of transmitted bits comprises: generating the EC bit set based on the EC relation associated with the shaped bit set.

[0200] Aspect 12. The method according to aspect 11, wherein the EC bit set is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bit set and the EC relationship is a CRC relationship based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the integer bit set, or wherein the EC bit set is a parity check (PC) bit set and the EC relationship is a PC relationship based on a set of linear combinations of integer bits in the integer bit set.

[0201] Aspect 13. The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 12, wherein the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set is associated with an addition operation, wherein deshaping the shaped transmit bit set to the transmit bit set based on (iii) subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set comprises: adding the EC bit set to the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set in a bit field addition operation.

[0202] Aspect 14. The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 13, wherein receiving the shaped post-transmitted bit set associated with the EC polar code comprises receiving the shaped post-transmitted bit set based on the output of the channel decoder associated with the receiver network device.

[0203] Aspect 15. The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 14, wherein deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into the set of transmit bits comprises deshaping the shaped set of transmit bits into the set of transmit bits in a bit field for the shaped set of transmit bits.

[0204] Aspect 16. A method for wireless communication at a first network device, the method comprising: processing a set of bits based on a polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with a pre-transformed polar code, wherein the set of bits is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping comprising: (i) a data bit superset comprising a set of data bits at a set of frozen bit positions of the polar code and zeros at a set of information bit positions of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed shaped bit set associated with a set of shaped bits to which a pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied at the set of information bit positions and zeros at the set of frozen bit positions; and communicating a shaped transmit bit set associated with the set of bits to a second network device before or after processing the set of bits based on the polar code, wherein the transformed shaped bit set is superimposed on the data bit superset.

[0205] Aspect 17. The method according to aspect 16, wherein the first network device is a transmitter network device and the second network device is a receiver network device; wherein processing the bit set based on the polar code includes shaping the data bit set into the shaped transmit bit set based on the mapping and the polar code by: generating the shaped bit set based on at least one of a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) or a set of probabilities associated with a target distribution of the shaped transmit bit set and a decoder of the polar code; and encoding the data bit set and the transformed shaped bit set into an encoded bit set according to the polar code, wherein the shaped transmit bit set includes the encoded bit set as output from an encoder operation of the polar code; wherein communicating the shaped transmit bit set includes sending the shaped transmit bit set to the receiver network device after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

[0206] Aspect 18. The method according to aspect 16, wherein the first network device is a receiver network device and the second network device is a transmitter network device; wherein conveying the shaped bit set includes receiving the shaped bit set from the transmitter network device before processing the bit set based on the polar code; wherein processing the bit set based on the polar code includes deshaping the shaped bit set into the data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code.

[0207] Aspect 19. The method according to aspect 18, wherein deshaping the shaped transmit bit set into the data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code comprises: identifying the transformed shaped bit subset as zero based on a first shaped bit at a first information bit position in the information bit position set of the transformed shaped bit subset in the transformed shaped bit set; and identifying a bit subset of the data bit superset based on the inverse of the polar code and the transformed shaped bit subset being zero.

[0208] Aspect 20. The method according to Aspect 19, wherein the pre-transformation matrix is ​​an upper triangular matrix comprising a set of diagonal elements equal to one, and wherein the polar code is a polar-adjusted convolution (PAC) code; wherein de-shaping the set of shaped transmit bits into the set of data bits based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code comprises: for each shaped bit in the set of shaped bits following the subset of shaped bits: if the shaped bit is at a frozen bit position in the set of frozen bit positions, marking the shaped bit as zero; and based on the The inverse of the polar code, the corresponding elements of the upper triangular matrix, and the transformed integer bits whose sum to zero are used to identify the corresponding bits in the data bit superset via the first overlap with the transformed integer bits; and for each bit in the data bit superset after the bit subset: if the bit is in an information bit position in the information bit position set, the bit is identified as zero; and the corresponding transformed integer bits in the transformed integer bit set via the second overlap with the bit are identified based on the inverse of the polar code, the corresponding elements of the upper triangular matrix, and the bits whose sum to zero are used to identify the transformed integer bits in the transformed integer bit set.

[0209] Aspect 21 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitter wireless device, the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0210] Aspect 22 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitter network device, the apparatus comprising components for performing each step of the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0211] Aspect 23 is an apparatus according to any one of aspects 21 and 22, the apparatus further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or transmit in association with the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0212] Aspect 24 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code at a transmitter network device, the code causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8 when executed by at least one processor.

[0213] Aspect 25 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a receiver wireless device, the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to perform the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0214] Aspect 26 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a receiver network device, the apparatus comprising components for performing each step of the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0215] Aspect 27 is an apparatus according to any one of aspects 25 and 26, the apparatus further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or transmit in association with the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0216] Aspect 28 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) that stores computer-executable code at a receiver network device, the code causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15 when executed by at least one processor.

[0217] Aspect 29 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a first network device, the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to perform the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 20.

[0218] Aspect 30 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a first network device, the apparatus including components for performing each step of the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 20.

[0219] Aspect 31 is an apparatus according to any one of aspects 29 and 30, the apparatus further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or transmit in association with the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 20.

[0220] Aspect 32 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code at a first network device, the code causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 20 when executed by at least one processor.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitter network device, the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, and configured individually or in any combination, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, to: The transmitted bit set is mapped to an error-checking polar code (EC polar code), wherein the transmitted bit set includes a first data bit set, a second data bit set, an error-checking (EC) bit set, and an integer bit set, wherein: The first set of data bits corresponds to the set of frozen bit positions of the EC polar code. The set of shaped bits corresponds to the set of information bit positions of the EC polar code, and Both the EC bit set and the second data bit set correspond to the remaining position set of the EC polar code; The transmitted bit set is shaped into an shaped transmitted bit set based on the mapping, the EC polar code, and the addition operation on the transmitted bit set including the EC bit set and the second data bit set; and The shaped bit set is sent to the receiver network device.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to shape the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: The shaped bit set is generated based on at least one of a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) or a set of probabilities associated with the target distribution of the shaped bit set and the decoder of the EC polar code.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, in order to shape the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: The EC bit set is generated based on the EC relationship associated with the integer bit set.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the EC bit set is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bit set and the EC relationship is a CRC relationship based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainder values ​​associated with the integer bit set.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the EC bit set is a parity check (PC) bit set and the EC relation is a PC relation based on a linear combination set of integer bits in the integer bit set.

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the target distribution of the shaped bit set is associated with a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation configuration.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the EC polar code is a non-binary EC polar code; The EC polar code mentioned above is a binary EC polar code and the addition operation includes an XOR operation; or In order to shape the set of transmitted bits into the shaped set of transmitted bits based on the EC polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination as follows: The first data bit set, the shaped bit set, the second data bit set, and the EC bit set are encoded into a coded bit set according to the EC polar code, wherein the shaped transmit bit set includes the coded bit set of the output of the encoder operation from the EC polar code.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the total set of data bits associated with the set of transmitted bits includes the first set of data bits and the second set of data bits; or The EC polar code mentioned therein includes 2 K A set of available codewords is associated with a set of available codewords, where K is the number of integer bits in the set of available integer bits, and The minimum distance between codewords in the available codeword set is greater than the minimum distance between non-EC polar codes.

9. An apparatus for wireless communication at a receiver network device, the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, and configured individually or in any combination, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, to: Receive from the transmitter network device a set of shaped transmit bits associated with the error-checking polar code (EC polar code); and The shaped set of transmit bits is deshaped back into a set of transmit bits based on the following: (i) The inverse of the EC polar code for the combination of the first data bit set, the integer bit set, the EC bit set, and the second data bit set of the transmit bit set. (ii) The set of integer bits used for the EC bit set of the transmitted bit set, and (iii) Subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set for the transmitted bit set.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, in order to deshape the shaped set of transmit bits back to the set of transmit bits based on (i) the inverse of the EC polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: The combination of the first data bit set, the shaped bit set, and the EC bit set with the second data bit set is identified by applying the inverse of the EC polar code to the shaped bit set.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, in order to deshape the shaped set of transmitted bits back to the set of transmitted bits based on (ii) the shaped set of the EC bit set for the set of transmitted bits, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: The EC bit set is generated based on the EC relationship associated with the integer bit set.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the EC bit set is a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bit set and the EC relationship is a CRC relationship based on a CRC polynomial and a set of polynomial division remainders associated with the integer bit set, or The EC bit set is a parity (PC) bit set, and the EC relation is a PC relation based on a linear combination set of integer bits in the integer bit set.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set is associated with an addition operation. In order to deshape the shaped transmit bit set back into the transmit bit set based on (iii) subtracting the EC bit set from the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: In bit-field addition, the EC bit set is added to the combination of the EC bit set and the second data bit set.

14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, in order to receive the set of shaped transmit bits associated with the EC polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to receive the set of shaped transmit bits based on the output of a channel decoder associated with the receiver network device.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, in order to deshape the shaped set of transmit bits back into the set of transmit bits, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to deshape the shaped set of transmit bits back into the set of transmit bits in a bit field for the shaped set of transmit bits.

16. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first network device, the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, and configured individually or in any combination, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, to: The bit set is processed based on the polar code, wherein the polar code is associated with the pre-transformed polar code, and wherein the bit set is associated with a mapping to the polar code, the mapping including: (i) a data bit superset, the data bit superset including the data bit set at the frozen bit position set of the polar code and zero at the information bit position set of the polar code; and (ii) a transformed set of integer bits, the transformed set of integer bits being associated with the set of integer bits at which the pre-transformation matrix is ​​applied to the set of information bit positions and the zeros at the set of frozen bit positions, wherein the transformed set of integer bits is superimposed on the data bit superset; and Before or after processing the bit set based on the polar code, a shaped bit set associated with the bit set is communicated to the second network device.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first network device is a transmitter network device and the second network device is a receiver network device; In order to process the bit set based on the polar code, the at least one processor is configured, individually or in any combination, to shape the data bit set into the shaped bit set for transmission based on the mapping and the polar code, including: The set of shaped bits is generated based on at least one of a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) or a set of probabilities associated with the target distribution of the set of shaped bits and the decoder of the polar code. as well as The data bit set and the transformed shaped bit set are encoded into a coded bit set according to the polar code, wherein the shaped transmitted bit set includes the coded bit set from the output of the encoder operation of the polar code; In order to convey the shaped bit set, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to send the shaped bit set to the receiver network device after processing the bit set based on the polar code.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first network device is a receiver network device and the second network device is a transmitter network device; In order to convey the shaped bit set, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to receive the shaped bit set from the transmitter network device before processing the bit set based on the polar code; In order to process the bit set based on the polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to deshape the shaped bit set into the data bit set based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the pretransform matrix is ​​an upper triangular matrix comprising a set of diagonal elements equal to one, and wherein the polar code is a polar-adjusted convolution (PAC) code. In order to deshape the shaped set of transmitted bits into the set of data bits based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination as follows: The transformed integer subset in the transformed integer bit set is identified as zero based on the first integer bit at the first information bit position in the information bit position set; and The subset of bits in the data bit superset is identified by the inverse of the polar code and the fact that the transformed integer bit subset is zero.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein, in order to deshape the shaped set of transmit bits into the set of data bits based on the mapping and the inverse of the polar code, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: For each transformed integer bit in the transformed integer bit set that follows the subset of transformed integer bits: If the transformed integer bit is located at a frozen bit position in the set of frozen bit positions, the transformed integer bit is marked as zero. The corresponding bits in the data bit superset, corresponding to the first overlap of the transformed integer bits, are identified based on the inverse of the polar code, the corresponding elements of the upper triangular matrix, and the transformed integer bits whose sum is zero; and For each bit in the superset of data bits following the subset of bits: When the bit is located in the information bit position set, the bit is marked as zero. The transformed integer bits in the set of transformed integer bits are identified by the inverse of the polar code, the corresponding elements of the upper triangular matrix, and the bits whose sum is zero, via the second overlap with the bit.

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