Enhanced long range transmission for next generation wireless communication wi-fi

Abstract

Enhanced long range (ELR) transmission related techniques for next generation Wi-Fi wireless communications are described. A wireless communication device (e.g., a station (STA)) generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The device then transmits the PPDU in a wireless communication that includes: (a) a frequency domain repetition (FD DUP) or a frequency domain tone repetition; or (b) a time domain symbol or tone repetition (TD REP); or (c) both the FD DUP and the TD REP.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application claiming priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 560,812, filed March 4, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communications, and more specifically, to wireless communications for enhanced long range (ELR) transmission in next-generation Wi-Fi. Background Technology

[0004] Unless otherwise stated, the methods described in this section are not prior art to the following claims and are not acknowledged as prior art because they are included in this section.

[0005] In wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi (or WiFi) in wireless local area network (WLAN) systems based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, there is currently a coverage gap of approximately 6-10 dB between downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmissions in Wi-Fi systems, for several reasons. These factors include: (1) different transmit power limits between access points (APs) and non-AP stations (STAs); (2) different numbers of antennas configured for APs and non-AP STAs; and (3) differences in power amplification (PA) performance between APs and non-AP STAs. Furthermore, the traditional IEEE 802.11b standard can be used for beacon transmission in the 2.4 GHz band, and its performance is typically 3-4 dB better than IEEE 11g. To bridge the range gap between DL and UL transmissions, proposals have been made to enhance the coverage of next-generation IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High Reliable (UHR) systems. Furthermore, for next-generation Wi-Fi, the target data rate is greater than or equal to (>=) 1 Mbps or 1.5 Mbps. However, the details of how to achieve this goal (e.g., ELR transmission for next-generation Wi-Fi) are not defined at the time of this disclosure. Therefore, a solution for ELR transmission in next-generation Wi-Fi wireless communication is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following abstract is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following abstract aims to introduce the concepts, key points, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Some embodiments will be further elaborated in the detailed description below. Therefore, the following abstract is not intended to identify the essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0007] The objective of this disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods, and devices related to ELR transmission in next-generation Wi-Fi wireless communication. It is believed that implementations of the various schemes proposed herein can solve or alleviate the aforementioned problems. For example, under the various schemes proposed in this disclosure, the transmission method of data and / or payload symbols can achieve a lower effective coding rate by: (1) frequency domain duplication (FD DUP) or frequency domain tone duplication; (2) time domain symbol or tone repetition (TD REP); or (3) a combination of FD DUP and TD REP.

[0008] In one aspect, a method may include generating a physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The method may also include transmitting the PPDU in wireless communication, said wireless communication including: (a) frequency-domain repeat (FD DUP) or frequency-domain tone repeat; or (b) time-domain symbol or tone repeat (TD REP); or (c) FD DUP and TD REP.

[0009] In another aspect, an apparatus may include a transceiver configured to perform wireless communication, and a processor connected to the transceiver. The processor may generate physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs). The processor may also transmit the PPDU in wireless communication, the wireless communication including: (a) frequency domain repetition (FD DUP) or frequency domain tone repetition; or (b) time domain symbol or tone repetition (TD REP); or (c) FD DUP and TD REP.

[0010] It is worth noting that although the content described herein may be set against the backdrop of certain wireless access technologies, networks, and network topologies (such as Wi-Fi), the proposed concepts, schemes, and any variations / derivatives thereof can be implemented, used, and realized in other types of wireless access technologies, networks, and network topologies, such as, but not limited to, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and 5G. thGeneration (5G) / New Radio (NR), Long-Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet of Things (IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT), and Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). Therefore, the scope of this disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings are included in this specification to further understand this disclosure and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this disclosure. The drawings illustrate embodiments of this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It will be understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, as some components may be shown out of proportion to actual dimensions in order to clearly illustrate the concepts of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes consistent with the contents of this disclosure can be implemented.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an example design diagram based on the scheme proposed in this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 3 This is an example design diagram based on the scheme proposed in this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 4 This is an example design diagram based on the scheme proposed in this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 5 This is an example design diagram based on the scheme proposed in this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of an example communication system based on the scheme proposed in this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 7 This is an example flowchart of a scheme proposed based on the content of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claims of this application are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the subject matter of the claims and may be implemented in various forms. This disclosure may take many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided to make the description of this disclosure exhaustive and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the following description, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the proposed embodiments and implementations.

[0020] Overview

[0021] According to the implementation of this disclosure, various technologies, methods, schemes, and / or solutions are involved for ELR transmission in next-generation Wi-Fi wireless communication. According to this disclosure, several possible solutions can be implemented individually or in combination. That is, although these possible solutions are described separately below, two or more of them can be implemented in some combination.

[0022] Figure 1 An example network environment 100 is shown in which various solutions and schemes of this disclosure can be implemented. Figures 2 to 7 Examples of implementations of various proposed schemes in network environment 100, based on this disclosure, are shown. The following description of the various proposed schemes is in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 7 It was carried out.

[0023] See Figure 1 Network environment 100 may involve at least one work station (STA) 110 wirelessly communicating with STA 120. Either STA 110 or STA 120 may function as an access point work station (AP STA) or a non-access point work station (non-AP STA). In some cases, STA 110 and STA 120 may be associated with a basic service set (BSS) conforming to one or more IEEE 802.11 standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11bn and future standards). Both STA 110 and STA 120 may be configured to communicate with each other using ELR transmissions for next-generation Wi-Fi, according to the various proposals described below. It is worth noting that although the various proposals are described individually or separately below, in practice, some or all of the proposals may be used or implemented in combination. Of course, each proposal may also be used or implemented individually or separately.

[0024] According to various proposals of this disclosure, several general factors can be considered when designing ELR physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmission methods for next-generation Wi-Fi. For example, the data and payload of the ELR PPDU can be pre-calibrated to allow for smaller subcarrier spacing (Fscs), such as 78.125 kHz and / or 156.25 kHz. According to the proposed ELR transmission methods, higher spectral efficiency can be achieved by employing a tone plan conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard. Smaller Fscs result in better channel estimation (CE) smoothing. Furthermore, according to the proposed methods, frequency domain (FD) repetition (FD DUP) leads to better frequency diversity. Additionally, more pilot tones can be utilized for better tracking. Moreover, according to the proposed methods, a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and simplified design can be achieved to obtain better performance (e.g., better sensitivity and data rate). Furthermore, according to the proposed scheme, guard interval (GI) sharing can be used for time domain (TD) symbol or tone repetition (TD REP) to achieve higher air time efficiency and data rate.

[0025] According to the first proposed scheme of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the first option (Option-1), the ELR transmission data rate can be achieved by employing the MCS15 modulation and coding scheme (MCS) on the 242-tone resource unit (RU242) and performing four repetitions in the time domain (TD REP 4) (e.g., 4...). 12.8µs + 2 The ELR data rate can be achieved at 1.6µs, where 12.8µs is the symbolic inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) duration and 1.6µs is an assumed GI interval. In another first option (Option-1a), the ELR data rate can be achieved by using MCS15 on the RU242 and performing TD REP 4 (e.g., 4...). The process takes 12.8µs + 1.6µs. According to the first proposed scheme, the Fast Fourier Transform length (Nfft) can be 256 (Nfft = 256), the subcarrier spacing (Fscs) can be 78.125kHz (Fscs = 78.125 kHz), and the RU242 tone scheme under IEEE 802.11be can be adopted. Figure 2An example design 200 based on the first proposed solution according to this disclosure is shown. See also Figure 2 In part (A), in Option-1, one GI can correspond to two symbols. See also Figure 2 In part (B), in Option-1a, one GI can correspond to four symbols.

[0026] According to the second proposal of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the second option (Option-2), the ELR data transmission rate can be achieved by multiplexing a 40MHz (BW40) high-throughput (HT) 114-tone scheme, Nfft = 128, Fscs = 156.25 kHz, and TD REP 8 (e.g., 8...). 6.4µs +2 The process is achieved in 1.6µs, where 6.4µs is the symbol IFFT duration and 1.6µs is the assumed interval between each of the two GIs. In another second option (Option-2a), the ELR data rate can be achieved by multiplexing the BW40 and HT 114 tone schemes, Nfft = 128, Fscs = 156.25 kHz, and using two repetitions (2 x DUP) and TD REP 4 (e.g., 4) in the frequency domain. 6.4µs + 2 The implementation time is 1.6µs, where 6.4µs is the duration of the symbolic IFFT and 1.6µs is the assumed interval between each of the two GIs.

[0027] According to the third proposed scheme of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the third option (Option-3), by reusing the 20MHz (BW20) 106-tone scheme in the IEEE 802.11be specification, the ELR transmission data rate can reach 0.9659 Mbps, where Nfft = 256, Fscs = 78.125 kHz, using MCS0, 2 repetitions in the frequency domain (2 x DUP), TD REP 4 (e.g., 4...). 12.8µs + 1.6µs), where 12.8µs is the symbol IFFT duration and 1.6µs is the assumed guard interval (GI) duration. In another third option (Option-3a), MCS0 and two repetitions in the frequency domain (2 x DUP) and TD REP 4 (e.g., 4) are used. 12.8µs + 2 The ELR data transmission rate can reach 0.9375 Mbps (1.6µs), where 12.8µs is the symbol IFFT duration and 1.6µs is the assumed interval between each of the two GIs. In another third option (Option-3b), MCS15 and two repetitions in the frequency domain (2 x DUP) and TD REP 4 (e.g., 4) are used. 12.8µs + 2 (1.6µs), the ELR data transmission rate can reach 0.9191 Mbps, where 12.8µs is the symbol IFFT duration and 1.6µs is the assumed interval between each GI in the two GIs.

[0028] According to the fourth proposed scheme of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the fourth option (Option-4), by multiplexing the BW20 High Throughput (HT) or Very High Throughput (VHT) (or IEEE 802.11n or IEEE 802.11ac) 56-tone scheme, the ELR transmission data rate can reach 0.9556 Mbps, where Nfft = 64, Fscs = 312.5 kHz, and TD REP 8 (e.g., 8...). 3.2µs + 1.6µs), where 3.2µs is the symbolic IFFT duration and 1.6µs is the assumed guard interval (GI) duration. In another fourth option (Option-4a), binary convolutional code (BCC) interleaving and low-density parity-check (LDPC) tone mapping can be used alternately to achieve better diversity. For example, BCC interleaving and LDPC tone mapping can be applied to 1 st 3 rd 5 th and 7 th The symbol, and 2 nd 4 th 6 th and 8 th Symbols should not be interlaced or tone-mapped. Figure 3 An example design 300 according to the fourth proposed scheme of this disclosure is shown. Reference Figure 3 In Option-4, one GI can correspond to two symbols (A). (See reference) Figure 3 In part (B), in Option-4a, one GI can correspond to four symbols.

[0029] According to the fifth proposed scheme of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the fifth option (Option-5), by multiplexing the BW20 high throughput (HT) 56-tone scheme on each 5 MHz subblock, the ELR transmission data rate can reach 0.9556 Mbps, where Nfft = 256, Fscs = 78.125 kHz, 4 repetitions in the frequency domain (4 x DUP), and TD REP 2 (e.g., 2...). (12.8µs + 1.6µs). In the fifth proposed scheme, a shifted 56-tone scheme can be used to preserve sufficient edge and direct-current (DC) tones. In addition, a long training field (LTF) sequence can be used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Figure 4 An example design 400 according to the fifth proposed scheme of this disclosure is shown. Reference Figure 4 In the fifth proposed scheme, ELR data symbol transmission can perform 4 repetitions in the frequency domain (4 x DUP) and 2 repetitions in the time domain (2 x repetition).

[0030] According to the sixth proposed scheme of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the sixth option (Option-6), using 26 tone resource units (RU26), 9 repetitions (9 x DUP), and binary phase shift keying (BPSK), with a coding rate of 1 / 2 (R = 1 / 2) (or MCS0), the ELR transmission data rate can reach 0.83 Mbps, where Nfft = 256 and Fscs = 78.125 kHz. In another sixth option (Option-6a), using RU26, 9 repetitions (9 x DUP), and BPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS0), the ELR transmission data rate can reach 0.83 Mbps, where Nfft = 256 and Fscs = 78.125 kHz. In another sixth option (Option-6b), using RU26, 9 x DUP, or 26 distributed-tone resource units (DRU26), with Nfft = 256, Fscs = 78.125 kHz, and BPSK + R = 2 / 3, the ELR data transmission rate can reach 1.11 Mbps. In another sixth option (Option-6c), using 8 tone repetitions and BPSK + R = 1 / 2 (or MCS0), with Nfft = 256 and Fscs = 78.125 kHz, the ELR data transmission rate can reach 1.01 Mbps.

[0031] According to the seventh suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the seventh option (Option-7), the RU242 tone scheme from the IEEE 802.11be standard is adopted, with 8 tone repetitions (8... With 29 = 232), Nfft = 256, Fscs = 78.125 kHz, the ELR data transmission rate can reach 1.01 Mbps (GI is 1.6µs).

[0032] According to the eighth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the eighth option (Option-8), the RU242 tone scheme from the IEEE 802.11be standard is adopted, with 8 tone repetitions (8... 28 = 224), and using 18 pilot tones (e.g., multiplexing all RU26 pilots), as 224 + 18 = 242 in RU242, Nfft = 256, Fscs = 78.125 kHz, the ELR data transmission rate can reach 0.9722 Mbps (GI is 1.6µs).

[0033] According to the ninth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the ninth option (Option-9), the ELR data transmission rate can be achieved by employing the RU242 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, with 9 tone repetitions (9... With 26 = 234) and 8 pilot tones, Nfft = 256 and Fscs = 78.125 kHz (guard interval (GI) is 1.6µs), the ELR data transmission rate can reach 0.9 Mbps. In another ninth option (Option-9a), the ELR data transmission rate can be increased by using the RU242 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, with 9 tone repetitions (9 With 26 = 234) and 8 pilot tones, Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, and using BPSK+ R=2 / 3 (guard interval (GI) of 1.6µs), 1.204 Mbps was achieved.

[0034] According to the tenth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1 Mbps can be achieved. In the tenth option (Option-10), the ELR data transmission rate can be achieved by employing an RU242 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, a 52-tone plus 26-tone multi-resource unit (MRU) (52+26), 3 repetitions in the frequency domain (3 x DUP), and 3 repetitions in the time domain (3 x DUP) (e.g., 3...). With 12.8µs + 1.6µs), Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, BPSK+R =1 / 2 (or MCS0), 0.9 Mbps was achieved.

[0035] According to the eleventh suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1.5 Mbps can be achieved. In the eleventh option (Option-11), the ELR transmission data rate can reach 1.7 Mbps by employing the BW20 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, 52 tone resource units (RU52) and 4 repetitions (4x DUP), Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, using BPSK+R=1 / 2, and adding dual-carrier modulation (DCM) (or MCS15). In another eleventh option (Option-11a), data symbol transmission can employ 4.5 repetitions (4.5 x DUP) (e.g., repeating half of the data of RU52 on the intermediate RU26). Figure 5 An example design 500 according to the eleventh proposed scheme of this disclosure is shown. Reference Figure 5 Under the proposed scheme, data symbols can be transmitted on the RU52 with 4 repetitions (4 x DUP) in the frequency domain.

[0036] According to the twelfth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1.5 Mbps can be achieved. In the twelfth option (Option-12), the ELR transmission data rate can reach 1.7 Mbps by employing the BW20 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, 52 tone resource units (RU52) and 4 repetitions (4x DUP), Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, and using BPSK+R =1 / 2 (or MCS0). In another twelfth option (Option-12a), data symbol transmission can employ 4.5 repetitions (4.5 x DUP) (e.g., repeating half of the data of RU52 on the intermediate RU26). In another twelfth option (Option-12b), the ELR data transmission rate can be improved by employing a BW20 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, RU52 and 4 repetitions (4x DUP), Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, using BPSK+R = 1 / 2 (or MCS0), and alternately applying or not applying BCC interleaving and LDPC tone mapping to RU52 to achieve better diversity. For example, BCC interleaving and LDPC tone mapping can be applied to 1 st and 3 rd The symbol, and 2 nd and 4 th Symbols should not be interlaced or tone-mapped.

[0037] According to the thirteenth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1.5 Mbps can be achieved. In Option-13, the ELR data transmission rate can reach 1.7 Mbps by employing the BW20 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, 52-tone distributed tone resource units (DRU52), Nfft=256, and Fscs=78.125 kHz, and using BPSK+R=1 / 2 (or MCS0).

[0038] According to the fourteenth suggestion of this disclosure, a data rate of approximately 1.5 Mbps can be achieved. In the fourteenth option (Option-14), the ELR data transmission rate can reach 2.03 Mbps by adopting the BW20 tone scheme conforming to the IEEE 802.11be standard, with 4 tone repetitions in the time domain, Nfft=256 and Fscs=78.125 kHz, and using BPSK+R=1 / 2 (or MCS0).

[0039] Example Implementation

[0040] Figure 6 An example system 600 according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown, comprising at least one example device 610 and one example device 620. Devices 610 and 620 can perform various functions to implement the schemes, techniques, processes, and methods described herein, relating to the design of lifting matrices and parity-check matrices for longer low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in wireless communications, including the foregoing content regarding various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods, as well as the processes described below. For example, device 610 may be implemented in STA 110, and device 620 may be implemented in STA 60, or vice versa.

[0041] Devices 610 and 620 may be part of an electronic device, which may be a non-access point STA or an access point STA, such as a portable or mobile device, wearable device, wireless communication device, or computing device. When implemented in an STA, devices 610 and 620 may be implemented in a smartphone, smartwatch, personal digital assistant, digital camera, or computing device such as a tablet, laptop, or notebook computer. Devices 610 and 620 may also be part of a machine-type device, which may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device, such as a non-movable or fixed device, home device, wired communication device, or computing device. For example, devices 610 and 620 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, smart refrigerator, smart door lock, wireless speaker, or home control center. When implemented as a network device, devices 610 and / or 620 may be implemented in a network node, such as an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0042] In some implementations, devices 610 and 620 may be implemented as one or more integrated circuit (IC) chips, such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction-set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set computing (CISC) processors. In the various embodiments described above, devices 610 and 620 may be implemented in a STA or AP, or implemented as a STA or AP. Devices 610 and 620 may each contain... Figure 6 At least some components are shown, such as processor 612 and processor 622. Devices 610 and 620 may also include one or more other components (e.g., internal power supply, display device, and / or user interface device) unrelated to the solutions presented in this disclosure; therefore, for simplicity and brevity, these components of devices 610 and 620 are... Figure 6 It is not shown in the text, nor is it described below.

[0043] In one aspect, processors 612 and 622 may be implemented as one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors, or one or more CISC processors. That is, although the singular term "processor" is used herein to refer to processors 612 and 622, according to this disclosure, processors 612 and 622 may include multiple processors in some embodiments and a single processor in other embodiments. In another aspect, processors 612 and 622 may be implemented in hardware (and optionally firmware) and include electronic components, such as, but not limited to, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors, and / or one or more transformers, which are configured and arranged to achieve a particular purpose according to this disclosure. In other words, in at least some embodiments, processors 612 and 622 are special-purpose machines specifically designed, arranged, and configured to perform specific tasks, including ELR transmission methods for next-generation Wi-Fi wireless communication associated with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0044] In some embodiments, device 610 may further include a transceiver 616 coupled to processor 612. Transceiver 616 may include a transmitter capable of wireless transmission and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some embodiments, device 620 may further include a transceiver 626 coupled to processor 622. Transceiver 626 may include a transmitter capable of wireless transmission and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is worth noting that although transceivers 616 and 626 are shown as external to and independent of processors 612 and 622, respectively, in some embodiments, transceiver 616 may be an integral part of processor 612 as a system on chip (SoC), and transceiver 626 may be an integral part of processor 622 as a SoC.

[0045] In some embodiments, device 610 may further include a memory 614 coupled to and accessible by processor 612 for storing data. In some embodiments, device 620 may further include a memory 624 coupled to and accessible by processor 622 for storing data. Memory 614 and memory 624 may include a random-access memory (RAM), such as dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM). Alternatively, or additionally, memory 614 and memory 624 may include a read-only memory (ROM), such as a mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM). Alternatively, or additionally, memory 614 and memory 624 may include a non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM), such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), and / or phase-change memory.

[0046] Devices 610 and 620 can be communication entities capable of communicating with each other using the various schemes proposed in this disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, the capabilities of device 610 as STA 110 and device 620 as STA 60 are described below in the context of example flow 700. It is worth noting that although the capabilities, functions, and / or technical features of device 620 are described in detail below, they can also be applied to device 610, although not described in detail for the sake of brevity. It should also be noted that although the following example implementation is provided in the context of WLAN, it can also be implemented in other types of networks.

[0047] Explanatory process

[0048] Figure 7 An example flow 700 according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Flow 700 may represent one aspect of implementing the various designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods proposed above. More specifically, flow 700 may represent one aspect of the concepts and schemes related to ELR transmission in next-generation Wi-Fi wireless communication proposed in this disclosure. Flow 700 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions, as shown by one or more blocks (e.g., 710 and 720). Although shown as discrete modules, the individual blocks of flow 700 may be divided into more blocks, merged into fewer blocks, or omitted, depending on the desired implementation. Furthermore, the blocks / sub-blocks of flow 700 may be arranged according to... Figure 7 The process can be executed in the order shown, or in a different order. Furthermore, one or more blocks / subblocks of process 700 can be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 700 can be implemented by devices 610 and 620 and any variants thereof. For illustrative purposes only and without limitation, process 700 is described below in the context of a wireless network (e.g., WLAN) in network environment 100, with device 610 as STA 110 (as a non-AP STA or AP STA) and device 620 as STA 120 (as an AP STA or non-AP STA). Process 700 may begin with block 710.

[0049] At 710, process 700 may involve the processor 612 of device 610 generating PPDU (e.g., ELR PPDU). Process 700 can continue from 710 to 720.

[0050] At 720, process 700 may involve processor 612 transmitting the PPDU in wireless communication (e.g., to device 620) via transceiver 616, the wireless communication including: (a) frequency domain repeat (FD DUP) or frequency domain tone repeat; or (b) time domain symbol or tone repeat (TD REP); or (c) FD DUP and TD REP.

[0051] In some implementations, when transmitting the PPDU, process 700 may involve processor 612 transmitting the PPDU using a 26-tone distributed tone resource unit (DRU26) or a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit (DRU52).

[0052] In some implementations, when transmitting a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting the PPDU with 52 tone resource units (RU52) and 4 repetitions (4 x DUP) in the frequency domain.

[0053] In some implementations, when transmitting a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting the PPDU with 26 tone resource units (RU26) and 9 repetitions (9 x DUP) in the frequency domain.

[0054] In some implementations, when transmitting a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting the PPDU with 4 (4 x), 8 (8 x), or 9 (9 x) time-domain symbol or tone repetitions (TD REP).

[0055] In some implementations, when transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units (RU52), 4 times (4 x) frequency domain repetition (FD DUP), fast Fourier transform length (Nfft) = 256, subcarrier spacing (Fscs) = 78.125 kHz, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) with coding rate (R) = 1 / 2.

[0056] In some implementations, when transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units (RU52), 4 times (4 x) frequency domain repetition (FD DUP), fast Fourier transform length (Nfft) = 256, subcarrier spacing (Fscs) = 78.125 kHz, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK), coding rate (R) = 1 / 2, plus dual-carrier modulation (DCM).

[0057] In some implementations, when transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit (DRU52) tone scheme, a fast Fourier transform length (Nfft) of 256, a subcarrier spacing (Fscs) of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) with a coding rate (R) of 1 / 2.

[0058] In some implementations, when transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 4 times (4 x) time-domain symbol or tone repetition (TD REP), fast Fourier transform length (Nfft) = 256, subcarrier spacing (Fscs) = 78.125 kHz, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) with coding rate (R) = 1 / 2.

[0059] In some implementations, when transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), process 700 may include processor 612 transmitting 26 tone resource units (RU26), 9 times (9 x) frequency domain repetitions (FD DUP), fast Fourier transform length (Nfft) = 256, subcarrier spacing (Fscs) = 78.125 kHz, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) with coding rate (R) = 1 / 2.

[0060] Additional notes

[0061] The topics described herein sometimes demonstrate that different components are contained within or connected to other components. It should be understood that the architectures shown are merely examples, and many other architectures can actually be implemented to achieve the same functionality. Conceptually, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively “associated” to achieve the desired function. Therefore, any two combinations of components in this document to achieve a particular function can be considered “associated” with each other to achieve the desired function, regardless of the architecture or intermediate components. Similarly, any two such associated components can also be considered “operationally connected” or “operationally coupled” to achieve the desired function, and any two components that can be suchly associated can also be considered “operationally coupled” to achieve the desired function. Specific examples of operational coupling include, but are not limited to, physically matable and / or physically interactive components and / or wirelessly interactive components and / or logically interactive and / or logically interactive components.

[0062] Furthermore, regarding the use of almost all plural and / or singular terms in this article, those skilled in the art can appropriately convert plural to singular and / or singular to plural depending on the context and / or application. For clarity, various singular / plural permutations may be explicitly listed in this article.

[0063] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the terms used herein, particularly in appended claims, such as the body portion of appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms; for example, “comprising” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” “having” should be interpreted as “at least having,” and “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” etc. Those skilled in the art will also understand that if a specific number of claim elements is expressly expressed in the claim, then that intention is expressly expressed in the claim; if it is not expressed, then that intention does not exist. For example, for ease of understanding, the following appended claims may contain the use of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim elements. However, the use of these phrases should not be interpreted as limiting a claim containing only one element to be introduced by the indefinite article “a” (a) or “an” (an), even if the same claim contains the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” (a) or “an” (an). For example, “a” (a) and / or “an” (an) should be interpreted as “at least one” or “one or more”; the same applies to definite articles used to introduce claim elements. Furthermore, even if a specific number of claim elements is explicitly expressed, a person skilled in the art will recognize that the expression should be interpreted as at least the stated number. For example, expressing “two elements” alone, without other modifiers, means at least two elements, or two or more elements. Moreover, when using conventions such as “at least one A, B, and C, etc.”, this structure is generally intended to convey the meaning understood by a person skilled in the art. For example, “a system having at least one A, B, and C” includes, but is not limited to, only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A, B, and C, etc. When using conventions such as "at least one A, B, or C," this structure is generally intended to convey the meaning understood by one skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one A, B, or C" includes, but is not limited to, only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A, B, and C. One skilled in the art will also understand that almost all extractive terms and / or phrases that present two or more alternative terms in the specification, claims, or drawings should be understood to include the possibility of having only one term, any two terms, or all of the terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" would be understood to include the possibility of having either "A" or "B" or "A and B."

[0064] As can be seen from the foregoing, various embodiments of this disclosure have been described for illustrative purposes, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Therefore, the various embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, and the true scope and spirit are indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, comprising: The device's processor generates physical layer protocol data units; as well as The processor transmits the physical layer protocol data unit in wireless communication, which includes: Frequency domain repetition or frequency domain pitch repetition; or Time domain symbols or tone repetition; or The frequency domain repeats and the time domain symbol or tone repeats.

2. The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using a 26-tone distributed tone resource unit or a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit.

3. The wireless communication method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using 52 tone resource units and 4 repetitions in the frequency domain.

4. The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using 26 tone resource units and 9 repetitions in the frequency domain.

5. The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit repeatedly with time domain symbols or tones 4, 8, or 9 times.

6. The wireless communication method as described in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units, 4 frequency domain repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate (R) of 1 / 2.

7. The wireless communication method as described in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units (RU52), 4 frequency domain repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2, plus dual-carrier modulation.

8. The wireless communication method as described in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes a 20MHz tone scheme, a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit tone scheme, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

9. The wireless communication method as described in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, four time-domain symbols or tone repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

10. The wireless communication method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting 26 tone resource units, 9 times (frequency domain repetition, fast Fourier transform length = 256, subcarrier spacing = 78.125 kHz), and the modulation and coding scheme is binary phase shift keying, with a coding rate (R) = 1 / 2.

11. An apparatus comprising: A transceiver configured for wireless communication; as well as A processor, coupled to and configured to perform wireless communication via the transceiver, the wireless communication including: The device's processor generates physical layer protocol data units; and The processor transmits the physical layer protocol data unit in wireless communication, which includes: Frequency domain repetition or frequency domain pitch repetition; or Time domain symbols or tone repetition; or The frequency domain repeats and the time domain symbol or tone repeats.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using a 26-tone distributed tone resource unit or a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using 52 tone resource units and 4 repetitions in the frequency domain.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit using 26 tone resource units and 9 repetitions in the frequency domain.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit comprises transmitting the physical layer protocol data unit repeatedly with time domain symbols or tones 4, 8, or 9 times.

16. The device of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units, 4 frequency domain repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

17. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, 52 tone resource units, 4 frequency domain repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2, plus dual-carrier modulation.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes a 20MHz tone scheme, a 52-tone distributed tone resource unit tone scheme, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

19. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting a 20MHz tone scheme, four time-domain symbols or tone repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

20. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the physical layer protocol data unit includes transmitting 26 tone resource units, 9 frequency domain repetitions, a fast Fourier transform length of 256, a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz, and a modulation and coding scheme of binary phase shift keying with a coding rate of 1 / 2.

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