Method for promoting prevention and control of tomato pests by oriental flower bug based on light supplementing technology

Abstract

The application discloses a method for strengthening east Asian small flower beetle feeding and preventing and controlling tomato pests by using light supplementing technology, and belongs to the technical field of biological control. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a culture box; S2, arranging a light source, and irradiating the light source in the culture box; S3, hatching east Asian small flower beetles and then performing nymph feeding and adult feeding; and S4, releasing the hatched east Asian small flower beetle adults in a tomato cultivation shed to prevent and control pests. The method can significantly improve the egg laying amount of the east Asian small flower beetles in the feeding and breeding stage, feeding and breeding east Asian small flower beetle individuals with excellent predation efficiency, and through targeted light supplementing in the release application stage, the field control effect of the east Asian small flower beetles on the thrips and the whitefly can be obviously improved, and the effect of the east Asian small flower beetles on preventing and controlling the tomato pests is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology, specifically relating to a method for promoting the control of tomato pests by the East Asian small flower bug based on supplemental lighting technology. Background Technology

[0002] Thrips and whiteflies are the two most common pests in tomato production. They not only feed on crop leaves, weakening growth and affecting photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, but also spread various serious plant viruses, causing significant losses to crop quality and yield. Currently, the control of these two pests mainly relies on chemical pesticides, resulting in high pesticide resistance and a vicious cycle of increasing numbers despite repeated treatments. Biological control technology, represented by natural enemy insects, plays an important role in controlling thrips and whiteflies and protecting the ecological environment. The adult and nymph of the Oriental small flower bug Oriussauteri (Poppius) can efficiently prey on all stages of thrips and whiteflies, and is currently the dominant natural enemy for the control of these two pests. Existing technologies for controlling tomato pests with the Oriental Asian bug lack synergistic techniques for the application of biological control of the Oriental Asian bug. Because the Oriental Asian bug has high requirements for environmental conditions, its breeding and application effects are not stable enough, making it difficult to achieve the best biological control results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for promoting the control of tomato pests by the Oriental Asian flower bug based on supplemental lighting technology. This invention can increase the reproductive effect of the Oriental Asian flower bug and improve the control effect of tomato pests.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for promoting the control of tomato pests by the East Asian small flower bug based on supplemental lighting technology, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare the incubator; S2. Arrange the light source to illuminate the incubator; S3. Hatching East Asian small flower bugs and then raising nymphs and adults; S4. Release the hatched adult East Asian small flower bugs into the tomato greenhouse for pest control.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment, the incubator in S1 is prepared as follows: a rectangular plastic food storage box with dimensions of 24.8cm*18cm*9cm is selected, and a 20cm*14cm area is cut at the center of the lid. Then, 80-150 mesh nylon mesh is used and adhered to the lid with hot melt adhesive to cover the cut square holes as ventilation openings, thus obtaining the incubator for the East Asian small flower bug.

[0006] Preferably, the light source in S2 is blue light and red-blue light; the luminous flux density of both the blue light and the red-blue light is 300 µmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0007] As a preferred option, the light source arrangement is as follows: eight blue and red-blue LED tubes are connected in parallel and fixed on the feeding rack, and each tube is equipped with a separate switch.

[0008] Preferably, the incubation method in S3 is as follows: under white light conditions, filter paper is laid on the bottom and sides of the incubator, and the pods containing the eggs of the East Asian small-flowered bug are placed in the incubator for incubation.

[0009] Preferably, in S3, the nymphs and adults are fed using rice moth egg cards; the feeding amounts for different stages are 3 cards per box for young nymphs, 6 cards per box for older nymphs, and 10 cards per box for adults, with each rice moth egg card containing 2000 eggs.

[0010] Preferably, during the nymph rearing process in S3, when the nymphs of the Oriental Flower Bug reach the fifth instar, the red and blue LED lights are turned on and supplemented with red and blue light from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. every day until the Oriental Flower Bug emerges as an adult.

[0011] Preferably, during the adult rearing process in S3, after the Oriental flower bugs in the incubator have emerged as adults for 3 days, the red and blue LED light sources on the rearing rack are turned off, and the blue LED light source is turned on. Every 3 days, new hyacinth bean pods are replaced and fresh rice moth eggs are placed in them. After the adults emerge for 5-7 days, the hyacinth bean pods containing Oriental flower bug eggs are used as the new generation of insect source. This cycle is repeated to achieve large-scale breeding of Oriental flower bugs with staged supplementation of red and blue light and blue light.

[0012] Preferably, the conditions for nymph and adult rearing in S3 are: temperature 25-28℃, humidity 70±5%, and light intensity 16L:8D.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, older nymphs and adults of the Oriental small flower bug are released at a density of 2 to 3 per square meter, while a blue light source is turned on. The release is repeated twice at three-day intervals, and the blue light source is turned off after the last release.

[0014] Preferably, the greenhouse environment conditions for the release are a temperature of 20–30°C and a humidity of 50–80%.

[0015] Preferably, the supplemental lighting frame in the tomato greenhouse is configured as follows: eight blue LED tubes are connected in parallel, and the tubes are fixed to the middle of the crossbeam at the top of the greenhouse via the supplemental lighting frame. A blue LED light source is placed every 5 meters to ensure that the luminous flux density of the blue light source is 300 µmol·m³. -2·s -1 .

[0016] It contains at least the following beneficial technical effects: This invention significantly increases the egg production of the Oriental Asian bug during the biological control process by providing supplemental lighting at different stages, thereby raising individuals with excellent predatory efficiency. Furthermore, targeted supplemental lighting during the release and application stage can significantly improve the field control efficacy of the Oriental Asian bug against thrips and whiteflies, effectively enhancing its ability to control tomato pests. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the East Asian small flower bug incubator used in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the LED light source on the feeding rack used in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the LED light source on the greenhouse supplemental lighting frame used in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the egg-laying and hatching rate of the East Asian small flower bug during the mid-to-late stage of blue light treatment of adults according to the present invention; Figure 5 The graph shows the predation and searching effects of the East Asian small flower bug on western flower thrips and tobacco whiteflies when early adult insects are treated with red and blue light according to the present invention. Figure 6 The diagram shows the control of western flower thrips and whiteflies by the East Asian small flower bug in a greenhouse when supplementing blue light for this invention. Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0020] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0021] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0022] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" and "normal temperature" in this invention refer to 25±2℃.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials or instruments used in the following embodiments of the present invention are commercially available.

[0025] Example A method for controlling tomato pests using East Asian small flower bugs based on supplemental lighting technology: S1. Fabricate the incubator, blue light, and red-blue LED light sources, and arrange and install them as reference. Figure 1-3 : A rectangular plastic food storage container measuring 24.8cm*18cm*9cm was selected, and a 20cm*14cm area was cut from the center of the lid. Then, 100-mesh nylon mesh was adhered to the lid using hot melt adhesive to cover the cut square holes used for ventilation, thus creating an incubator for the *Symplocos edulis*. The blue and red-blue LED light sources on the rearing rack were constructed as follows: eight blue and eight red-blue LED tubes were connected in parallel. Each LED tube was fixed to the rearing rack after being connected in parallel, and each was equipped with a separate switch. The luminous flux density of each color light source was 300µmol·m³. -2 ·s -1 The method for manufacturing blue LED light sources on the supplemental lighting frame in the greenhouse is as follows: Eight blue LED tubes are connected in parallel, and the tubes are then fixed to the middle of the crossbeam at the top of the greenhouse via the supplemental lighting frame. One blue LED light source is placed every 5 meters to ensure that the luminous flux density of the blue LED light source is 300 µmol·m³. -2 ·s -1 ; S2. Hatching and breeding East Asian small flower bugs: Collect fresh rice moth eggs and irradiate them with ultraviolet light for 30 minutes to inactivate them. Brush the rice moth eggs onto self-adhesive paper to make rice moth egg cards. The size of the rice moth egg cards is 1.5cm*2.5cm. When releasing the rice moth egg cards, place them evenly in the incubator and remove the rice moth egg cards that have been eaten. There are 3 cards per box for the early nymph stage, 6 cards per box for the late nymph stage, and 10 cards per box for the adult stage. The number of East Asian small flower bug adults raised in each incubator is 500-600. Under white light conditions, line the bottom and sides of the incubator with filter paper, place the hyacinth bean pods with East Asian small flower bug eggs in the incubator for incubation, and after the nymphs hatch, put a sufficient amount of fresh rice moth eggs into the incubator every 3 days. To raise the nymphs of the Oriental Asian small flower bug to the adult stage, supplemental lighting is provided in stages. When the nymphs of the Oriental Asian small flower bug grow to the fifth instar, the red and blue LED light source on the rearing rack is turned on for stage supplemental lighting, and rice moth egg cards are introduced for rearing until the Oriental Asian small flower bug emerges into an adult. Three days after almost all the Oriental blue bugs in the incubator have emerged as adults, turn off the red and blue LED light sources on the rearing rack and turn on the blue LED light source. Replace the hyacinth pods with fresh rice moth eggs every three days until all the Oriental blue bugs in the box die. Use the hyacinth pods containing Oriental blue bug eggs as the new generation of insect source. Repeat this process to achieve large-scale breeding of Oriental blue bugs by supplementing red and blue light in stages. The environmental conditions for rearing Oriental blue bug nymphs and adults are: temperature 28℃, humidity 75%, and light intensity 16L:8D. Release adult and nymphal Oriental flower bugs for biological pest control. When thrips are observed on greenhouse tomatoes, turn on the blue LED light source on the supplemental lighting frame and release older nymphs and adults of Oriental flower bugs at a density of 3 bugs per square meter. Repeat the release twice at three-day intervals, and turn off the blue LED light source after the last release. The greenhouse environment conditions for the release of Oriental flower bugs are a temperature of 25℃, a humidity of 70%, and natural light.

[0026] Based on the above, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a supplemental lighting technology to promote the control of tomato pests by the Oriental Asian bug. During large-scale rearing, red and blue light are supplemented at the end of the nymphal stage and the early adult stage of the Oriental Asian bug, while blue light is supplemented during the middle and late adult stage. During release and application, the Oriental Asian bugs reared under supplemental lighting at the early stage of tomato pest outbreaks in greenhouses are released, and blue light is supplemented to promote oviposition, colonization, and pest control in the greenhouse. This technology not only increases the oviposition rate of the Oriental Asian bug during the rearing stage and produces predatory natural enemies, but also allows for effective release and application. The staged supplemental lighting technology of this invention improves the field control efficacy of the Asian small flower bug against thrips and whiteflies. When the Asian small flower bug is reared using the staged supplemental lighting technology of this invention, its egg production can be increased by 35.77% compared with white light rearing, its maximum predation rate against western flower thrips can be increased by 39.2%, and its maximum predation rate against tobacco whiteflies can be increased by 38.73%. When the Asian small flower bug is released using the staged supplemental lighting technology of this invention, compared with no supplemental lighting, its control efficiency against western flower thrips can be increased by up to 99.64%, and its control efficiency against tobacco whiteflies can be increased by up to 66.67%.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the control of tomato pests by the East Asian small flower bug based on supplemental lighting technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the incubator; S2. Arrange the light source to illuminate the incubator; S3. Hatching East Asian small flower bugs and then raising nymphs and adults; S4. Release the hatched adult East Asian small flower bugs into the tomato greenhouse for pest control.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source in S2 is blue light and red-blue light; the luminous flux density of both blue light and red-blue light is 300 µmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source arrangement is as follows: eight blue and red-blue LED tubes are connected in parallel and fixed on the feeding rack, and each tube is equipped with a separate switch.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, nymph and adult rearing are carried out using rice moth egg cards. The feeding amount for different stages is 3 cards per box for young nymphs, 6 cards per box for older nymphs, and 10 cards per box for adults. Each rice moth egg card contains 2000 eggs.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the nymph rearing process of S3, when the nymphs of the Oriental Flower Bug reach the fifth instar, the red and blue LED light source is turned on and supplemented with red and blue light from 10 pm to 6 am every day until the Oriental Flower Bug emerges as an adult.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the adult rearing process of S3, after the Oriental blue bugs in the incubator have emerged as adults for 3 days, the red and blue LED light sources on the rearing rack are turned off, and the blue LED light source is turned on. Every 3 days, new hyacinth bean pods are replaced and fresh rice moth eggs are placed in them until the adults emerge for 5-7 days. The hyacinth bean pods containing Oriental blue bug eggs are then used as the new generation of insect source. This cycle is repeated to achieve large-scale breeding of Oriental blue bugs by supplementing red and blue light in stages.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for nymph and adult rearing in S3 are: temperature 25-28℃, humidity 70±5%, and light intensity 16L:8D.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, nymphs and adults of the Oriental small flower bug are released at a density of 2 to 3 per square meter, while a blue light source is turned on. The release is repeated twice at three-day intervals, and the blue light source is turned off after the last release.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The greenhouse environment conditions for the release are a temperature of 20–30°C and a humidity of 50–80%.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The supplemental lighting setup in the tomato greenhouse involves connecting eight blue LED tubes in parallel. These tubes are then fixed to the center of the horizontal beam at the top of the greenhouse via the supplemental lighting frame. One blue LED light source is placed every 5 meters, ensuring a luminous flux density of 300 µmol·m³ for each blue LED light source. -2 ·s -1 .

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