A scalp care composition with improved stability

Abstract

The present invention relates to a scalp care composition comprising: from about 1% to about 99% of an aqueous carrier; from about 0.05% to about 10% of a non-ionic water-soluble crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer; and from about 0.001% to 10% of an insoluble zinc salt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to scalp care compositions in which the addition of a combination of a nonionic, water-soluble crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer and an insoluble zinc salt has been found to provide unexpected improvements in stability. Background Technology

[0002] Hair and scalp leave-in treatment compositions comprising various combinations of hair and scalp active ingredients are known in the art and are commercially available. These compositions may have rheological properties that optimize the perceived user experience (non-dripping, non-spreading, non-coating, etc.).

[0003] However, some consumers expect a leave-in dandruff treatment that provides some level of dandruff control, can replace other shampoo-free dandruff products, or can be used in addition to shampoo-free dandruff products, or can provide leave-in benefits to hair and scalp that are difficult to achieve with shampoo-free products. Therefore, there is a need for treatments that combine core dandruff control efficacy with additional beneficial effects on scalp health and hair that are noticeable, perceptible (i.e., effective), and pleasant to use.

[0004] Previous work in shampoo-free products containing zinc pyrithione (ZPT) has shown that the inclusion of an insoluble zinc salt in these systems can provide synergistic skin health benefits and enhance product efficacy beyond that of products containing ZPT alone. While this benefit has been extensively explored in the shampoo space, it has not yet been used in leave-in scalp treatments due to the complexity and incompatibility between insoluble zinc salts and the necessary rheology modifiers required for stable formulations. Typically, when formulating leave-in scalp treatments containing particulate active ingredients, the ability to suspend the active ingredient in the formulation matrix is ​​essential to ensure shelf stability and prevent particulate agglomeration within the system. Generally, the most common rheology modifiers available for this purpose are incompatible with the system for one of the following reasons: the presence of carboxyl groups on the anionic polymer that bind to the insoluble zinc salt and render it ineffective; a lack of surfactants and other hydrophobic materials required for nonionic associative thickeners to build rheological properties; and incompatibility with ethanol in our typical water-alcohol base structure. Significant efforts have been made to identify materials capable of meeting all the requirements of this invention in terms of performance, stability, and efficacy in order to obtain physically and chemically stable systems. Surprisingly, a very limited set of materials exists capable of achieving all these properties. In this invention, a surprisingly effective material has been found: a nonionic, water-soluble crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer. An example of such a material is a crosslinked N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention relates to a scalp care composition comprising: about 1% to about 99% of an aqueous carrier; about 0.05% to about 10% of a nonionic water-soluble crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer; and about 0.001% to 10% of an insoluble zinc salt.

[0006] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0007] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages and ratios used herein are by weight of the total composition. Unless otherwise specified, all measurements are to be understood as being performed under ambient conditions, where “ambient conditions” means conditions at about 25°C, at about one atmosphere, and at about 50% relative humidity. All numerical ranges are narrower ranges including endpoints; the upper and lower limits of the ranges described are combinable to form additional ranges not explicitly described.

[0008] The compositions of the present invention may comprise, consist of, or be composed of the basic components described herein, as well as optional ingredients. As used herein, “consistently consisting of” means that the composition or component may contain additional ingredients, provided that the additional ingredients do not substantially alter the essential and novel characteristics of the composition or method protected by the claims.

[0009] As used with respect to the composition, “apply” or “spread” means applying or spreading the composition of the present invention onto keratinized tissue such as hair.

[0010] "Dermatologically acceptable" or "cosmetically acceptable" means that the composition or component is suitable for contact with human skin tissue without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, etc. All compositions described herein intended for direct application to the stratum corneum are limited to those that are cosmetically acceptable.

[0011] "Safe and effective amount" refers to an amount of compound or composition that is sufficient to significantly induce positive and beneficial effects.

[0012] The term "no-rinse" in relation to a composition refers to a composition intended to be applied to and allowed to remain on the keratinocytes. These no-rinse compositions are distinct from compositions applied to hair and subsequently removed (within minutes or less) by washing, rinsing, wiping, etc. No-rinse compositions do not include rinse-off applications such as shampoos, rinse-off conditioners, facial cleansers, hand soaps, shower gels, or body washes. No-rinse compositions may be substantially free of cleaning or detergency surfactants. For example, a "no-rinse composition" may remain on the keratinocytes for at least 15 minutes. For example, a no-rinse composition may contain less than 1% detergency surfactant, less than 0.5% detergency surfactant, or 0% detergency surfactant. However, the composition may contain emulsifying, dispersing, or other processing surfactants that, when applied topically to hair, are not intended to provide any significant cleaning benefits.

[0013] "Solubility" means that at least about 0.1g of the solute dissolves in 100ml of solvent at 25°C and 1 atm. Insoluble zinc salts are those that have a solubility of less than 0.1g in 100ml of water.

[0014] Unless otherwise specified, all ratios are by weight. All ranges are inclusive and combinable. Significant figures indicate neither a limitation on the quantity shown nor a limitation on the accuracy of the measurement. Unless otherwise specified, as used herein, the term "molecular weight" or "M.Wt." refers to weight-average molecular weight. Weight-average molecular weight can be measured by gel permeation chromatography, and "QS" means 100% sufficient quantity.

[0015] As used herein, the terms “substantially none” or “substantially free” mean less than about 1%, or less than about 0.8%, or less than about 0.5%, or less than about 0.3%, or about 0% by weight of the composition.

[0016] As used in this article, “hair” refers to the hair of mammals, including scalp hair, facial hair and body hair, especially the hair on the human head and scalp.

[0017] As used herein, “derivative” includes, but is not limited to, amide, ether, ester, amino, carboxyl, acetyl, acid, salt and / or alcohol derivatives of a given compound.

[0018] As used herein, a "polymer" refers to a chemical substance formed by the polymerization of two or more monomers. As used herein, the term "polymer" should include all materials made by the polymerization of monomers, as well as natural polymers. A polymer made from only one type of monomer is called a homopolymer. A polymer contains at least two monomers. A polymer made from two or more different types of monomers is called a copolymer. The distribution of different monomers can be calculated statistically or piecewise—both possibilities are applicable to this invention. Unless otherwise stated, the term "polymer" as used herein includes any type of polymer, including homopolymers and copolymers.

[0019] I. Scalp Care Combination

[0020] Solubilizer

[0021] The scalp care composition of the present invention may contain one or more solubilizers. Non-limiting examples of solubilizers may be water-miscible nonionic surfactants, such as alkyl alkoxylated ethers, alkoxylated esters, organic acid esters, or ethers, glycol esters, glycerides, etc., of sugars or polysaccharides. More specific categories that may be used as solubilizers are saturated or unsaturated alkyl ethoxylated ethers, ethoxylated organic acid esters (saturated or unsaturated), sorbates, and polysorbates. Non-limiting examples of specific materials that can be used as solubilizers include lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-12, lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-23, oil-based polyoxyethylene ether-10, oil-based polyoxyethylene ether-20, stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20, stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-21, hexadecyl polyoxyethylene ether-20, PPG-26 butyl polyoxyethylene ether-26 such as Creasoluble No. 4, PPG-1-PEG-9 lauryl glycol ether, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil such as Cremaphor RH40, PEG-25 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil, POE-30 castor oil, POE-40 castor oil, heptayl glucoside (such as Sepiclear G7), polysorbate-80 (such as Tween 80), polysorbate-20, polysorbate-28, polysorbate-60, polysorbate-61, polysorbate-85, glyceryl stearate, PEG-20 stearate, PEG-40 stearate, PEG-100 stearate, PEG-8 dilaurate, sorbitol monooleate, sorbitol monolaurate, etc.

[0022] The scalp care composition may contain about 0.1% to about 5% of one or more solubilizers, another about 0.5% to about 3% of one or more solubilizers, and another about 1% to about 2% of one or more solubilizers.

[0023] solvent

[0024] The scalp care composition may contain one or more solvents. The scalp care composition may contain one or more organic fragrances. Non-limiting examples may include dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, 1,2-hexanediol, dimethyl isosorbide, ethanol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 2,2'-thiodiethanol and 1,6-hexanediol, or combinations thereof.

[0025] The scalp care composition may also contain one or more additional hair growth promoters, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2010 / 0120871. Therefore, non-limiting examples of additional hair growth promoters include indole compounds, xanthine compounds, vitamin B3 compounds, panthenol compounds, and derivatives thereof.

[0026] xanthine compounds

[0027] The scalp care composition may also contain a xanthine compound. As used herein, "xanthine compound" means one or more xanthines, their derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Xanthine compounds that may be used herein include, but are not limited to, caffeine, xanthine, 1-methylxanthine, theophylline, theobromine, their derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Thus, the composition may contain, for example, about 0.01% to about 10% of a xanthine compound, about 0.5% to about 5% of a xanthine compound, or about 1% to about 2% of a xanthine compound, wherein the percentage is a weight percentage based on the total weight of the final hair care composition. For example, the hair care composition may also contain about 0.75% caffeine.

[0028] In scalp care compositions, when xanthine is present in a high amount, the amount of xanthine may be reduced to minimize potential white residues that can be generated by various formulations. Scalp care compositions may contain about 0.01% to about 1% xanthine, or about 0.01% to about 0.75% xanthine, or about 0.01% to about 0.5% xanthine, or about 0.01% to about 0.25% xanthine, or about 0.01% to about 0.1% xanthine. Scalp care compositions may not contain xanthine.

[0029] Vitamin B3 compounds

[0030] The scalp care composition may also contain a vitamin B3 compound. As used herein, “vitamin B3 compound” means niacin, niacinamide, nicotinic acid, their derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The vitamin B3 compound may be contained in substantially pure substance form or as an extract obtained from a natural (e.g., plant) source through suitable physical and / or chemical separation. The scalp composition may contain, for example, about 0.1% to about 25% of a vitamin B3 compound; about 0.1% to about 15% of a vitamin B3 compound; for example, about 0.1% to about 7.5%, about 3.5% to about 7.5% of a vitamin B3 compound, wherein the percentages are weight percentages based on the total weight of the final hair care composition. The scalp care composition may also contain about 2.5% vitamin B3.

[0031] panthenol compounds

[0032] The scalp care composition may also contain a panthenol compound. As used herein, the term "panthenol compound" includes panthenol, one or more pantothenic acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of panthenol compounds include D-panthenol ([R]-2,4-dihydroxy-N-[3-hydroxypropyl)]-3,3-dimethylbutyramide), D,L-panthenol, pantothenic acid and its salts (e.g., calcium salts), panthenol triacetate, royal jelly, panthenylthioethylamine, panthenylthioethylamine, panthenyl ethyl ether, panthenine, panthenyl lactose, vitamin B complex, or mixtures thereof. Thus, the scalp care composition may contain about 0.01% to about 5% of a panthenol compound, the scalp care composition may contain about 0.01% to 2% of a panthenol compound, the scalp care composition may contain about 0.05% to about 2% of a panthenol compound; and the composition may contain, for example, about 0.1% to about 1% of a panthenol compound, wherein the percentage is a weight percentage based on the total weight of the final hair care composition. The scalp care composition may also contain about 0.15% panthenol.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, the scalp care composition may be free of oleic acid and / or biotinylate-GHK, contrary to that described in U.S. Patent Application 20060067905.

[0034] rheology modifiers

[0035] Scalp care compositions may contain rheology modifiers to improve various properties, such as increasing composition affinity, improving composition stability, non-dripping properties, sprayability, and / or spreadability. Any suitable rheology modifier may be used. Scalp care compositions may contain about 0.05% to about 10% of a rheology modifier, about 0.1% to about 10% of a rheology modifier, about 0.5% to about 2% of a rheology modifier, about 0.7% to about 2% of a rheology modifier, or about 1% to about 1.5% of a rheology modifier. The rheology modifier may be a polyacrylamide thickener. The rheology modifier may be a polymer rheology modifier. The polymer rheology modifier may be a nonionic, water-soluble, crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer. The N-vinyl lactam homopolymer may be selected from N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-3-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-5-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-5,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-5 N-vinyl-5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-3,4,5-trimethyl-3-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-6-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-6-ethyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-3,5-dimethyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-7-methyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-7-ethyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3,5-dimethyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-4,6-dimethyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-3,5,7-trimethyl-2-caprolactam, and mixtures thereof. A non-limiting example of a nonionic, water-soluble, crosslinked N-vinyllactam homopolymer is a crosslinked N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer sold by Ashland Specialty Ingredients under the trade name Flexithix.

[0036] Scalp care compositions may contain additional rheology modifiers, said additional rheology modifiers being nonionic or cationic homopolymers based on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or other related derivatives, with non-limiting examples including polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyethyl acrylates, and polyacrylamide.

[0037] The rheology modifier may be an alkali-swellable and hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable acrylic copolymer or methacrylate copolymer. Non-limiting examples include acrylic acid / acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylate / stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 itaconic acid copolymer, acrylate / hexadecyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 itaconic acid copolymer, acrylate / amino acrylate copolymer, acrylate / stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 methacrylate copolymer, acrylate / behenol polyether-25 methacrylate copolymer, acrylate / stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 methacrylate crosspolymer, acrylate / vinyl neodecanoate crosspolymer, and acrylate / C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer.

[0038] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, may be a crosslinked acrylic polymer; non-limiting examples include nonionic or cationic carbomer.

[0039] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, may be an alginate-based material. Non-limiting examples include propylene glycol alginate.

[0040] Additional rheology modifiers, whether nonionic or cationic, can be thickeners for associative polymers. Non-limiting examples include hydrophobically modified cellulose derivatives and hydrophobically modified alkoxylated polyurethane polymers. Specific materials may include PEG-150 / decanol / SMDI copolymers, PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymers, and polyurethane-39. Other non-limiting examples include hydrophobically modified polyethers, wherein these materials may have a hydrophobic portion selected from cetyl, stearyl, oleoyl, and combinations thereof, and a hydrophilic portion having repeating ethylene oxide groups having 10 to 300, 30 to 200, or 40 to 150 repeating units. Specific examples of materials of this type include PEG-120-methylglucose dioleate, PEG-(40 or 60) sorbitol tetraoleate, PEG-150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate, PEG-55 propylene glycol oleate, and PEG-150 distearate.

[0041] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, may be cellulose and its derivatives. Non-limiting examples include microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose powder, and hydrophobically modified cellulose.

[0042] Nonionic or cationic rheology modifiers may be guar gum and guar gum derivatives. Non-limiting examples include hydroxypropyl guar gum and hydroxypropyl guar gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. Rheology modifiers may be polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymers. Rheology modifiers may be polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, and derivatives. Rheology modifiers may be polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives. Rheology modifiers may be polyethyleneimine and derivatives.

[0043] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, may be silica. Non-limiting examples include pyrolytic silica, precipitated silica, and silica with an organosilicon surface treatment.

[0044] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, can be a water-swellable clay. Non-limiting examples include lithium saponite, bentonite, montmorillonite, chlorite, and lithium montmorillonite.

[0045] The additional rheology modifier, whether nonionic or cationic, may be a gum. Non-limiting examples include guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, galactomannan, long bean gum, black privet gum, and locust bean gum.

[0046] Additional rheology modifiers, whether nonionic or cationic, may include dibenzylidene sorbitol, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seeds, starch (from rice, corn, potatoes, wheat, etc.), starch derivatives (e.g., carboxymethyl starch, methyl hydroxypropyl starch), algal extracts, dextran, succinyl dextran, and pullulan.

[0047] Non-limiting examples of nonionic or cationic rheology modifiers include acrylate copolymers; acrylate / behenol polyether-25 methacrylate copolymers, acrylate / C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers, acrylate / stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 itaconic acid copolymers, ammonium polyacrylate / isohexadecane / PEG-40 castor oil, C12-16 alkyl PEG-2 hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose (HM-EHEC), carbomer, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dibenzyl sorbitol, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose (EHEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, etc. Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MEHEC), PEG-150 / decanol / SMDI copolymer, PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, polyacrylamide / C13-14 isoparaffin / lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-7, polyacrylate 13 / polyisobutylene / polysorbate 20, polyacrylate crosspolymer-6, polyamide-3, polyquaternium-37 (and) hydrogenated polydecene (and) tridecyl polyoxyethylene ether-6, polyurethane-39, and crosspolymer (and) isohexadecane (and) polysorbate 60. Exemplary commercially available rheology modifiers include Klucel M CS, Klucel H CS, Klucel G CS, Benecel E10M, Benecel K35M, and combinations thereof.

[0048] carrier

[0049] According to another aspect of the invention, the scalp care composition may further comprise at least about 20% by weight of an aqueous carrier. The aqueous carrier may be prepared from, for example, demineralized water or distilled water. The aqueous carrier comprises water or a combination of water and an organic solvent (miscible or immiscible with water) or an organosilicon solvent. The volatile carrier may comprise water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent. The solvent may be dermatologically acceptable. Except for trace amounts incidentally incorporated into the composition as other components, the carrier may comprise water having a minimal or no significant concentration of organic solvent. Water, organic solvents, and organosilicon solvents with boiling points below or equal to 250°C are volatile solvents and volatile carriers. Volatile solvents may have boiling points below or equal to 90°C; non-limiting examples include ethanol. Solvents with boiling points above 250°C are considered non-volatile. In this invention, the aqueous carrier is present in amounts from about 1% to about 99%; from about 10% to about 75%; and from about 20% to about 50%. In this invention, the composition may have about 1% to about 99% volatile carrier, wherein less than about 10% is volatile solvent.

[0050] Non-limiting examples of carriers may include water as well as aqueous solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyols, such as monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (in one respect, ethanol and isopropanol), and polyols such as diols, glycerols, and other diols.

[0051] Other acceptable carriers that can be used in aqueous carriers include, but are not limited to, alcohol compounds such as ethanol. The composition may contain alcohol, dipropylene glycol, and / or water.

[0052] The scalp care composition may have a pH ranging from about 3.0 to about 10, which can be measured directly using a standard hydrogen electrode of the composition at 25°C. Therefore, by way of non-limiting example, the pH of the hair care composition may be in the range of about 4 to about 9.

[0053] Scalp health supplement

[0054] Scalp health agents can be surfactant-soluble or particulate. Surfactant-soluble scalp health agents can be materials or mixtures selected from the following: azoles, such as clomiprazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, econazole, and buprofen; hydroxypyridinones, such as oxymetholone (pyrrolidone ethanolamine), ciclopirox, lilopiprox, and MEA-hydroxyoctylpyridinone; keratolytic agents, such as salicylic acid and other hydroxy acids; agaricone, such as pyraclostrobin; and metal chelating agents, such as 1,10-phenanthroline.

[0055] This invention may include azole antimicrobial agents, wherein the azole antimicrobial agent may be an imidazole selected from: benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butanazole nitrate, clotrimazole, clotrimazole, kluconazole, epconazole, econazole, neoconazole, fenteconazole, fluconazole, flutriazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, lanoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, neconazole, omeconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, thioconazole nitrate, thiaconazole, and mixtures thereof; or the azole antimicrobial agent may be a triazole selected from: terconazole, itraconazole, and mixtures thereof. Ketoconazole may be a azole antimicrobial agent.

[0056] The compositions of this invention may also comprise scalp health agent particles. Suitable, non-limiting examples of scalp health agent particles include: pyridinethione salts, selenium sulfide, granular sulfur, and mixtures thereof. Such scalp health agent particles should be physically and chemically compatible with the basic components of the composition and should not otherwise unduly impair the stability, aesthetics, or performance of the product.

[0057] 1. Pyridinethione salt

[0058] Pyrithione scalp health agent particles, particularly 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione salt, can be used as granular scalp health agents in the compositions of the present invention. The concentration of pyrithione scalp health agent particles is typically in the range of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the composition. The present invention may comprise pyrithione salts, including those formed from heavy metals such as zinc, copper, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminum, and zirconium. Pyrithione salts can be formed from the heavy metal zinc, and further, zinc salts of 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione (referred to as "zinc pyrithione" or "ZPT"), and even further, 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione salts in plate-like granular form, wherein the particles have an average size of up to about 20 µm. The particles may have an average size of up to about 5 µm, and may be up to about 2.5 µm. Salts formed from other cations such as sodium are also suitable. Pyrithione anti-dandruff agents are described, for example, in U.S. Patent 2,809,971; U.S. Patent 3,236,733; U.S. Patent 3,753,196; U.S. Patent 3,761,418; U.S. Patent 4,345,080; U.S. Patent 4,323,683; U.S. Patent 4,379,753; and U.S. Patent 4,470,982. It is conceivable that when ZPT is used as scalp health agent particles in the compositions herein, it may stimulate or regulate, or simultaneously stimulate and regulate, hair growth or regeneration, or may reduce or inhibit hair loss, or hair may appear thicker or fuller.

[0059] 2. Other antimicrobial active substances

[0060] In addition to scalp health agents selected from polyvalent metal salts of pyridinethione, the present invention may also contain one or more antifungal or antimicrobial active substances other than metal pyridinethione salt active substances. Suitable antimicrobial active substances include coal tar, sulfur, Whitefield ointment, Castellani pigments, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, oxymethopyrone (oxymethopyrone ethanolamine), cyclohexylpyrone hydroxyethylamine, undecanoic acid and its metal salts, potassium permanganate, selenium sulfide, sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, bitter orange oil, urea preparations, griseofulvin, 8-hydroxyquinoline chloroquine, thiodibazol, thiocarbamate, halopramidine, polyene, hydroxypyridinium, morpholine, benzylamine, allylamine (such as terbinafine), tea tree oil, clove leaf oil, coriander, palmarosa, berberine, thyme, cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, citronellolic acid, pyrrolidone, sulfonated shale oil, Sensiva SC-50, and Elestab. HP-100, azelaic acid, lysozyme, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), isothiazolinones such as octylisothiazolinone and azoles, and combinations thereof. The present invention may include antimicrobial agents, such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, and coal tar.

[0061] b. Selenium sulfide

[0062] Selenium sulfide is a granular scalp health agent suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention. Selenium sulfide is generally considered to be a compound having one mole of selenium and two moles of sulfur, although it can also be a compound conforming to the general formula Se. x S y The selenium sulfide has a ring-like structure, where x + y = 8. The average particle size of selenium sulfide, measured by a forward laser scattering device (e.g., a Malvern 3600 instrument), is typically less than 15 µm and less than 10 µm. Selenium sulfide compounds are described, for example, in U.S. Patent 2,694,668; U.S. Patent 3,152,046; U.S. Patent 4,089,945; and U.S. Patent 4,885,107.

[0063] c. Sulfur

[0064] Sulfur can also be used as a granular antimicrobial / scalp health agent in the antimicrobial composition of the present invention.

[0065] d. stratum corneum exfoliant

[0066] The present invention may also include one or more keratin-removing agents, such as salicylic acid.

[0067] The present invention may also comprise a combination of surfactant-soluble scalp health agents and granular scalp health agents. The present invention may comprise a combination of antimicrobial active substances selected from combinations of: oxymethopterone and zinc pyrithione, pine tar and sulfur, salicylic acid and zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid and neoconazole, zinc pyrithione and neoconazole, zinc pyrithione and imidacloprid, oxymethopterone and imidacloprid, salicylic acid and oxymethopterone, and mixtures thereof.

[0068] e. Added antimicrobial active substances

[0069] The additional antimicrobial active substances of the present invention may include extracts of Melaleuca tiliacea shrubs (tea trees) and charcoal. The present invention may also comprise combinations of antimicrobial active substances. Such combinations may include combinations of oxymetazone and zinc pyrithione, pine tar and sulfur, salicylic acid and zinc pyrithione, oxymetazone and clomibazole, and combinations of salicylic acid and oxymetazone, zinc pyrithione and clomibazole, and mixtures thereof.

[0070] Scalp health agents may be present in amounts of approximately 0.01% to 10%; approximately 0.1% to 9%; approximately 0.25% to 8%; or approximately 0.5% to 6%.

[0071] The present invention may also contain an effective amount of an insoluble zinc salt. Non-limiting examples of insoluble zinc salts include zinc oxalate, zinc tannate, zinc tartrate, zinc citrate, zinc oxide, basic zinc carbonate, zinc hydroxide, zinc oleate, zinc phosphate, zinc silicate, zinc stearate, zinc sulfide, zinc undecanoate, and mixtures thereof. In the present invention, the composition may contain about 0.001% to about 10%, or about 0.01% to about 7%, or about 0.1% to about 5% of an insoluble zinc salt by weight of the total composition.

[0072] This invention may also include an effective amount of zinc-containing layered material. Zinc-containing layered materials may be those that exhibit crystal growth primarily in a two-dimensional plane. Layered structures are conventionally described as those in which not only all atoms are incorporated into well-defined layers, but also in which ions or molecules called tunneling ions exist between the layers (AF Wells, “Structural Inorganic Chemistry”, Clarendon Press, 1975). Zinc-containing layered materials (ZLMs) may have zinc incorporated into the layers and / or components that can act as tunneling ions. The following categories of ZLMs represent relatively common examples in the general category and are not intended to limit the scope to a wider range of materials conforming to this definition.

[0073] Many zinc-tunneling minerals (ZLMs) occur in nature as minerals. ZLMs can be derived from: zinc hydrate (zinc carbonate hydroxide), basic zinc carbonate, zinc chalcopyrite (zinc carbonate copper hydroxide), orthorhombic zinc chalcopyrite (copper carbonate zinc hydroxide), and mixtures thereof. Related zinc-bearing minerals may also be included in the composition. Natural ZLMs can also exist where anionic layer materials such as clay minerals (e.g., shale silicates) contain ion-exchanged zinc tunneling ions. All these natural substances can also be obtained synthetically, or formed in situ in the composition or during the production process.

[0074] Another common class of ZLMs, usually but not always synthesized, is layered binary hydroxides. ZLMs can conform to the formula [M 2+ 1-x M 3+ x (OH)2] x+ A m- x / m Layered binary hydroxides of nH₂O, some or all of which contain divalent ions (M 2+ ) are zinc ions (Crepaldi, EL, Pava, PC, Tronto, J, Valim, JB) J. Colloid Interfac. Sci. 2002, 248 , 429-42).

[0075] Another class of ZLMs can be prepared, called hydroxy complex salts (Morioka, H., Tagaya, H., Karasu, M, Kadokawa, J, Chiba, K). Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4211-6). In this invention, ZLM can be a conformation of formula [M 2+ 1- x M 2+ 1+x (OH) 3(1-y) ] + A n- (1=3y) / n ·nH2O hydroxy complex salt, in which two metal ions (M 2+ The ) can be the same or different. If they are the same and are represented by zinc, then the formula simplifies to [Zn 1+x (OH)2] 2x+ 2x A - ·nH₂O. The latter formula represents (where x=0.4) materials such as zinc hydroxychloride and basic zinc nitrate. ZLM can be zinc hydroxychloride and / or zinc hydroxynitrate. These also involve zinc hydrate, where divalent anions replace monovalent anions. These materials can also be formed in situ in the composition or during or after production.

[0076] In this invention, the composition may comprise basic zinc carbonate. Commercially available sources of basic zinc carbonate include basic zinc carbonate (Cater Chemicals: Bensenville, IL, USA), zinc carbonate (Shepherd Chemicals: Norwood, OH, USA), zinc carbonate (CPS Union Corp.: New York, NY, USA), zinc carbonate (Elementis Pigments: Durham, UK), and zinc carbonate AC (Bruggemann Chemical: Newtown Square, PA, USA). Basic zinc carbonate, also commercially referred to as "zinc carbonate," "basic zinc carbonate," or "hydroxyzinc carbonate," is a synthetic form composed of materials similar to naturally occurring zincite. The ideal stoichiometry is Zn₅(OH)₆(CO₃)₂, but the actual stoichiometric ratio may vary slightly, and other impurities may be present in the crystal lattice.

[0077] In this invention, the composition may contain an effective amount of zinc-containing layered material. In this invention, the composition may contain about 0.001% to about 10%, or about 0.01% to about 7%, or about 0.1% to about 5% of the zinc-containing layered material based on the total weight of the composition.

[0078] In the present invention having a zinc-containing layered material and a pyridinethione or a pyridinethione polyvalent metal salt, the ratio of the zinc-containing layered material to the pyridinethione or pyridinethione polyvalent metal salt may be from about 5:100 to about 10:1, or from about 2:10 to about 5:1, or from about 1:2 to about 3:1.

[0079] polyols

[0080] Polyols are components of this invention, and a non-limiting example of a polyol is glycerin. Glycerin is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is very commonly used in personal care applications and pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerin contains three hydroxyl groups, which are responsible for its solubility in water and its humectant properties. Glycerin is well known in personal care applications as a beneficial agent for hair and skin. This substance can penetrate into human hair to provide conditioning and softness through the plasticization of hair fibers while maintaining a very clean surface feel. Glycerin has been observed to clean more hydrophobic dirt components (i.e., sebum) than water.

[0081] The content of glycerin is in the range of about 0.1% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 8%, about 1% to about 7%, and about 3.0% to about 6.0% by weight of the shampoo composition.

[0082] Other polyols may be used in scalp care compositions. Non-limiting examples include propylene glycol, sugar polyols such as sorbitol, aloe vera gel, and honey.

[0083] Organosilicon

[0084] The conditioning agent in the compositions of the present invention may be a silicone conditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent may comprise volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. The concentration of the silicone conditioning agent is typically in the range of about 0.01% to about 10%, about 0.1% to about 8%, about 0.1% to about 5%, and / or about 0.2% to about 3% by weight of the composition. Suitable silicone conditioning agents and optional suspending agents for silicones, non-limiting examples, are described in U.S. Republication Patent 34,584, U.S. Patent 5,104,646, and U.S. Patent 5,106,609, which are incorporated herein by reference. The silicone conditioner used in the compositions of the present invention may have a viscosity of about 20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes (“cSt”), about 1,000 to about 1,800,000 cSt, about 50,000 to about 1,500,000 cSt, and / or about 100,000 to about 1,500,000 cSt as measured at 25°C.

[0085] Dispersed silicone conditioner particles typically have a volume average particle size ranging from about 0.01 micrometers to about 50 micrometers. For small particles applied to hair, the volume average particle size typically ranges from about 0.01 micrometers to about 4 micrometers, from about 0.01 micrometers to about 2 micrometers, and from about 0.01 micrometers to about 0.5 micrometers. For larger particles applied to hair, the volume average particle size typically ranges from about 5 micrometers to about 125 micrometers, from about 10 micrometers to about 90 micrometers, from about 15 micrometers to about 70 micrometers, and / or from about 20 micrometers to about 50 micrometers.

[0086] Additional information on organosilicon, including chapters discussing organosilicon fluids, pure silicone rubber compounds, and organosilicon resins, as well as the various stages of organosilicon manufacturing, can be found at [link to relevant documentation]. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering , Vol. 15, 2nd edition, pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0087] The silicone emulsions suitable for use in this invention may include, but are not limited to, insoluble polysiloxane emulsions prepared according to the description provided in U.S. Patent 4,476,282 and U.S. Patent Application Publication 2007 / 0276087. Therefore, suitable insoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes having a molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol, such as α,ω-hydroxy-terminated or α,ω-alkoxy-terminated polysiloxanes. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 to about 500,000 g / mol. For example, the insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight in the range of about 60,000 to about 400,000; about 75,000 to about 300,000; about 100,000 to about 200,000; or an average molecular weight of about 150,000 g / mol. Insoluble polysiloxanes may have an average particle size in the range of about 30 nm to about 10 micrometers. The average particle size may be in the range of, for example, about 40 nm to about 5 micrometers, about 50 nm to about 1 micrometer, about 75 nm to about 500 nm, or about 100 nm.

[0088] The average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane, the viscosity of the silicone emulsion, and the size of the particles containing the insoluble polysiloxane were determined by methods commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as those disclosed in Smith, AL. The Analytical Chemistry of Silicones The method described in John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York, 1991. For example, the viscosity of a silicone emulsion can be measured at 30°C using a Brookfield viscometer and a No. 6 spindle at 2.5 rpm. Silicone emulsions may also include additional emulsifiers and anionic surfactants.

[0089] Other types of organosilicones suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to: i) organosilicon fluids, including but not limited to organosilicon oils, which are flowable materials having a viscosity of less than about 1,000,000 cSt as measured at 25°C; ii) aminosiloxanes comprising at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; iii) cationic organosilicones comprising at least one quaternary ammonium functional group; iv) pure silicone rubber compounds comprising materials having a viscosity of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 cSt as measured at 25°C; v) organosilicon resins comprising highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems; vi) high-refractive-index organosilicones having a refractive index of at least 1.46; and vii) mixtures thereof.

[0090] Organic conditioning materials

[0091] The conditioning agents in the shampoo compositions of the present invention may further comprise at least one organic conditioning substance, such as an oil or wax, alone or in combination with other conditioning agents, such as the aforementioned organosilicon. The organic material may be non-polymeric, oligomeric, or polymeric. It may be in the form of an oil or wax and may be added in a pure formulation or in a pre-emulsified form. Some non-limiting examples of organic conditioning materials include, but are not limited to: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins; iii) fatty esters; iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds; v) fatty alcohols; vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammonium compounds; viii) polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000, including those with CTFA names PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M, and mixtures thereof.

[0092] Scalp health active substances

[0093] In addition to the antifungal / dandruff-reducing effects provided by scalp health agents, scalp health active ingredients may be added to scalp care compositions to provide beneficial effects. This group of substances is varied and provides a broad range of beneficial effects, including moisturizing, barrier-improving, antifungal and antioxidant, antipruritic, and sensory-enhancing effects. Such skin-health active ingredients include, but are not limited to: vitamins E and F, salicylic acid, glycols, glycolic acid, PCA, PEG, erythritol, glycerin, lactates, hyaluronic acid esters, allantoin and other ureas, betaine, sorbitol, glutamate, xylitol, menthol, menthyl lactate, isocyclic ketones, benzyl alcohol, and natural extracts / oils, including peppermint, spearmint, arginine, jojoba oil, and aloe vera.

[0094] Optional ingredients

[0095] The compositions of the present invention may also contain any suitable optional ingredients as needed. For example, the compositions may optionally contain other active or inactive ingredients.

[0096] The composition may contain other common hair-related ingredients such as minoxidil, silicone, glycerin, conditioning agents, and other suitable materials. The 10th edition of the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook (published by Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC)) (2004) (hereinafter referred to as “CTFA”) describes a wide variety of non-limiting materials that may be added to the compositions herein. Examples of these ingredient categories include, but are not limited to: abrasives, absorbents, aesthetic components such as fragrances, pigments, colorants / tints, essential oils, skin sensitizers, astringents, etc. (e.g., clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate), anti-acne agents, anti-caking agents, defoamers, antimicrobial agents (e.g., butylcarbamate), antioxidants, binders, bio-additives, buffers, extenders, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants, cosmetic astringents, cosmetic insecticides, denaturants, medicinal astringents, topical analgesics, film-forming agents or film-forming substances such as polymers that contribute to the film-forming properties and affinity of the composition (e.g., copolymers of eicosene and vinylpyrrolidone), sunscreens, pH adjusters, propellants, reducing agents, multivalent chelating agents, rheology modifiers, hair conditioners, and surfactants.

[0097] The formulations of the present invention can be present in typical hair care compositions. They can be in the form of solutions or dispersions. The compositions of the present invention can be hair growth oils, treatment and styling products, and treatment products; and any other form applicable to hair, and further, they can be applied to the scalp and / or hair and scalp.

[0098] II. Results

[0099] Several polymers were tested in a simple scalp treatment base consisting of water, 50% ethanol, 0.1% ZPT, 0.16% zinc carbonate, 0.45% piroctone olamine, and 0.5% fragrance. The polymers were added at the manufacturer's recommended levels and represent different categories of materials that could be selected for use in our system. In all cases, when materials were incompatible in the system, there were significant negative interactions or a lack of viscosity increase, which prevented them from being followed up. Table 1, showing the screening materials, is below.

[0100] Table 1

[0101] Formulations and Examples

[0102] In the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, all concentrations are listed as weight percentages, and minor materials such as diluents, fillers, etc., are excluded. Therefore, the listed formulations comprise the listed components as well as any minor materials associated with such components. The selection of these trace components will vary depending on the physical and chemical characteristics of the specific ingredients chosen to prepare the hair care composition, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0103]

[0104] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be construed as strictly limited to the precise numerical values ​​cited. Rather, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to represent the stated value and a range around which it is functionally equivalent. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to represent “approximately 40 mm”.

[0105] All relevant portions of the documents referenced in the specific embodiments of this invention are incorporated herein by reference; no reference to any document should be construed as an admission that it is prior art related to this invention. Where any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in any document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall prevail.

[0106] While the invention has been illustrated and described by way of example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A scalp care composition comprising: a) A water-containing carrier with a content of 1% to 99%; b) 0.05% to 10% of nonionic water-soluble crosslinked N-vinyl lactam homopolymer; c) 0.001% to 10% of insoluble zinc salts.

2. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insoluble zinc salt is selected from zinc oxalate, zinc tannate, zinc tartrate, zinc citrate, zinc oxide, basic zinc carbonate, zinc hydroxide, zinc oleate, zinc phosphate, zinc silicate, zinc stearate, zinc sulfide, zinc undecanoate, and mixtures thereof, preferably wherein the insoluble zinc salt is basic zinc carbonate.

3. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises 0.01% to 10% of one or more scalp health agents.

4. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the scalp health agent is a granular scalp beneficiary selected from metal pyridinethione salts, selenium sulfide, granular sulfur, and mixtures thereof.

5. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the granular scalp beneficial agent is zinc pyrithione.

6. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the scalp health agent is a surfactant-soluble scalp health agent selected from azoles, hydroxypyridinones, ciclopiroxones, lilopyridinones, and MEA-hydroxyoctyloxypyridinones; keratolytic agents, fenestrated scalp agents, metal chelating agents, and combinations thereof.

7. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surfactant-soluble scalp health agent is piroctone ethanolamine.

8. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous carrier further comprises an organic solvent selected from dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, 1,2-hexanediol, dimethyl isosorbide, ethanol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 2,2'-thiodiethanol, 1,6-hexanediol, and combinations thereof.

9. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous carrier further comprises ethanol.

10. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises glycerin.

11. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises nicotinamide in the range of 0.1% to 7.5%.

12. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises caffeine in the range of 0.01% to 3.0%.

13. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises panthenol in the range of 0.01% to 2.0%.

14. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises silicone.

15. The scalp care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is a leave-on composition.

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