A partitioned high pressure water mist sprinkler for railway cars

Abstract

The application discloses a partition high-pressure water mist nozzle for a railway carriage and relates to the technical field of railway carriage fire-fighting equipment. The nozzle is composed of an upper jet nozzle and a lower vortex nozzle which are detachably connected. The upper jet nozzle is provided with a mounting thread at the top and an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are in communication with each other in the inside. Straight jet nozzles are distributed on the side wall of the upper jet nozzle in a circumferential direction. The lower vortex nozzle is provided with atomizing jet components on the side wall in a circumferential direction. A filter screen and a snap ring are arranged at the water inlet end. A sealing ring is arranged on the butt joint surface. The nozzle integrates two atomizing forms, realizes high and low position three-dimensional protection of the carriage, is compact and suitable for narrow installation space, is convenient to process in a split type, has the functions of long-range fire extinguishing and high-efficiency cooling and smoke control, and is suitable for the fire-fighting requirement of high-speed railway carriages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment for railway carriages, specifically a zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed railway carriages have relatively enclosed, narrow interiors and are densely packed with passengers. In the event of a fire, rapid fire suppression, cooling, smoke control, and ensuring the safe escape of passengers are crucial. High-pressure water mist fire suppression technology is widely used in the field of rail transit fire protection due to its advantages such as high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and low water consumption.

[0003] Existing vehicle-mounted water mist nozzles are mainly divided into two types: jet type and vortex type. Jet type nozzles can produce water mist with high momentum and long spray distance, but the droplet size is relatively large, and the cooling and heat absorption efficiency is limited. Vortex type nozzles can produce fine and uniformly distributed droplets, with good heat absorption and cooling effect, but the mist momentum is low, and the spray pattern is easily affected by the airflow in the space and shrinks, resulting in insufficient protection and coverage for higher positions (such as luggage racks).

[0004] Furthermore, to protect areas at different heights simultaneously, traditional designs often employ multi-layered stacked nozzle structures, resulting in excessively large nozzles that are difficult to install in the confined space above high-speed train carriages. Additionally, traditional integrated nozzles are difficult to manufacture, costly, and have low yield rates, failing to meet the demands of mass production in the rail transit sector.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages includes a nozzle connector with mounting threads. The nozzle connector consists of an upper jet nozzle at the top and a lower vortex nozzle at the bottom. The mounting threads are located on the top outer wall of the upper jet nozzle, and the upper jet nozzle and the lower vortex nozzle are detachably connected. The nozzle connector has a water inlet channel inside, which includes an upper cavity in the upper jet nozzle and a lower cavity in the lower vortex nozzle, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are connected. The sidewall of the upper jet nozzle has a plurality of direct jet nozzles distributed circumferentially, and the direct jet nozzles are connected to the interior of the upper cavity. The sidewall of the lower vortex nozzle has a plurality of atomizing jet components distributed circumferentially.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: an installation groove is provided in the upper cavity, a filter screen is installed in the installation groove, the bottom of the filter screen abuts against the bottom of the installation groove, and a retaining ring is provided at the top of the filter screen, the top of the retaining ring abuts against the top of the installation groove, for limiting and fixing the filter screen.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the direct-fire jet nozzle includes: a jet nozzle one and a jet nozzle two, wherein the two ends of the jet nozzle one are respectively connected to the upper cavity and the interior of the jet nozzle two, and the inner diameter of the jet nozzle one is smaller than the inner diameter of the jet nozzle two.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the axes of the first jet nozzle and the second jet nozzle are inclined at an angle to the central axis of the nozzle connecting seat, and the jet direction of each jet nozzle is radially outward.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an installation cavity and a connecting cavity are provided on the side wall of the lower vortex nozzle, the two ends of the connecting cavity are respectively connected to the lower cavity and the interior of the installation cavity, and the inner diameter of the connecting cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the installation cavity, and the atomizing jet assembly is installed in the installation cavity.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the atomizing jet assembly includes: a nozzle housing, an atomizing nozzle, a swirling fluid, and a spiral groove. The nozzle housing is installed inside the mounting cavity, and the water inlet end is connected to the inside of the connecting cavity. The swirling fluid is embedded inside the nozzle housing, and a spiral groove is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the swirling fluid. The atomizing nozzle is provided at the water outlet end of the nozzle housing.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, a sealing ring is provided between the mating surfaces of the upper jet nozzle and the lower vortex nozzle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Achieving full-space three-dimensional zoned protection: This invention integrates jet-type atomization structure and vortex-type atomization structure, allowing a single nozzle to simultaneously output water mist with two characteristics: the upper jet nozzle generates high-momentum, long-range water mist, effectively covering the high-mounted luggage rack area; the lower vortex atomization component generates fine-particle, highly dispersed water mist, covering the low-mounted passenger area, overcoming the functional limitations of traditional single-type nozzles and achieving full three-dimensional fire protection from the top to the floor inside the carriage.

[0015] Compact structure and strong installation adaptability: The present invention adopts an upper and lower split docking structure, replacing the traditional multi-layer stacked nozzle structure. The overall radial dimension is small and the axial length is short, which can perfectly adapt to the narrow installation space on the top of the high-speed railway carriage and facilitate concealed installation in the carriage roof.

[0016] Convenient processing and assembly, and good economy: Compared with traditional one-piece cast or machined nozzles, the split nozzle structure significantly reduces the processing difficulty and cost of individual parts. Each component can be processed and assembled independently, which greatly improves the production yield and facilitates mass production and later maintenance and replacement.

[0017] The atomization performance is complementary: the upper direct jet nozzle has the characteristics of strong resistance to airflow contraction and long range, while the lower vortex atomization structure has the characteristics of high cooling and heat absorption efficiency and good smoke and dust control effect. The combination of the two can adapt to the closed and narrow internal environment of high-speed rail carriages, and quickly achieve cooling, fire extinguishing and smoke suppression in the event of a fire, creating safe conditions for passengers to escape. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for a railway carriage, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of a partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the atomizing jet assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower vortex nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper jet nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the atomizing jet assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower vortex nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Upper jet nozzle; 2. Mounting thread; 3. Lower vortex nozzle; 4. Sealing ring; 5. Filter screen; 6. Snap ring; 11. Upper cavity; 12. Jet nozzle one; 13. Jet nozzle two; 31. Lower cavity; 32. Atomizing jet assembly; 33. Mounting cavity; 34. Connecting cavity; 321. Nozzle housing; 322. Atomizing nozzle; 323. Swirl; 324. Spiral groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the embodiments of this invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 9 A partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages is a split structure consisting of an upper jet nozzle 1 and a lower vortex nozzle 3 connected vertically. The top outer wall of the upper jet nozzle 1 is machined with mounting threads 2, which are used to thread the entire nozzle onto the high-pressure water supply interface on the top of the railway carriage, thereby achieving structural fixation and water supply connection.

[0030] The upper jet nozzle 1 has an upper cavity 11 inside, and the lower vortex nozzle 3 has a lower cavity 31 inside. After the upper jet nozzle 1 and the lower vortex nozzle 3 are assembled, the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 31 are coaxially connected and together form the water inlet channel inside the nozzle. High-pressure water can flow from the top water inlet through the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 31 in sequence, and be distributed to each atomizing structure.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The upper inner wall of the upper cavity 11 is machined with an annular mounting groove. A filter screen 5 is installed in the mounting groove. The bottom end face of the filter screen 5 abuts against the bottom step surface of the mounting groove. A retaining ring 6 is provided on the top of the filter screen 5. The retaining ring 6 is inserted into the annular retaining groove on the inner wall of the mounting groove to achieve axial positioning and fixation of the filter screen 5, preventing the filter screen 5 from shifting due to water flow impact. The filter screen 5 is used to filter impurity particles in the high-pressure water intake, avoid clogging of subsequent nozzles and vortex structure, and ensure long-term stable operation of the nozzle.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9The upper jet nozzle 1 has several sets of direct-jet nozzles evenly distributed along its circumference on its sidewall. Each set of nozzles consists of a first nozzle 12 and a second nozzle 13 connected in series. The first nozzle 12 is an inner small-hole section, with its inner end connected to the upper cavity 11. The second nozzle 13 is an outer large-hole section, with its outer end connected to the outside. The inner diameter of the first nozzle 12 is smaller than that of the second nozzle 13, forming a gradually expanding direct-jet channel, which can create a stable jet shape while ensuring the water flow speed. The axes of all the jet nozzles are inclined at a certain angle to the central axis of the nozzle. The spray direction is radially outward and downward, giving the sprayed water mist a longer range and a wider lateral coverage area, which is used to cover high areas such as luggage racks on the top of the carriage.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 5 , Figures 7 to 9 The lower vortex nozzle 3 has several sets of atomizing jet components 32 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on its sidewall. For each set of atomizing jet components 32, the sidewall of the lower vortex nozzle 3 is provided with an installation cavity 33 and a connecting cavity 34. The connecting cavity 34 is a small-diameter flow channel, with its inner end connected to the lower cavity 31 and its outer end connected to the installation cavity 33, which can play a role in throttling and speeding up the water flow. The installation cavity 33 is a large-diameter countersunk hole, and the atomizing jet components 32 are fixedly embedded in the installation cavity 33.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The atomizing jet assembly 32 consists of a nozzle housing 321, an atomizing nozzle 322, and a swirling flow 323. The nozzle housing 321 is a cylindrical structure, coaxially fixed in the mounting cavity 33, with its water inlet facing the outlet of the connecting cavity 34. The swirling flow 323 is embedded inside the nozzle housing 321, and multiple spiral grooves 324 are opened on the outer cylindrical surface of the swirling flow 323. The water flow can form a high-speed rotating swirling flow through the spiral grooves 324. The atomizing nozzle 322 is fixedly installed at the water outlet of the nozzle housing 321. The atomizing nozzle 322 has an atomizing spray hole in its center. After the rotating water flow is sprayed out through the atomizing spray hole, it will be torn into a fine water mist with good heat absorption and suspension properties.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A sealing ring 4 is provided between the mating surfaces of the upper jet nozzle 1 and the lower vortex nozzle 3. The sealing ring 4 is made of high-pressure resistant rubber and is used to seal the mating gap between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 31 to prevent high-pressure water from leaking from the assembly surface and to ensure stable water pressure inside the nozzle.

[0036] In actual production, the upper jet nozzle 1 and the lower vortex nozzle 3 can be machined from metal materials separately and then assembled by threaded engagement or snap-fit. The atomizing jet assembly 32 can be pre-assembled as an independent module and then press-fitted into the mounting cavity 33 as a whole. The processing and assembly process is simple and the yield rate is high. At the same time, the tilt angle and number of jet nozzles and the number of atomizing jet assemblies can be adjusted according to the actual space dimensions of the carriage to achieve customized adaptation of the spray coverage range.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When a fire occurs inside a railway carriage, the high-pressure fire extinguishing water source is activated. High-pressure water enters the nozzle from the inlet at the top of the nozzle. The water first passes through the filter screen 5 to filter impurities, and then enters the water inlet channel composed of the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 31. The water is then divided into upper and lower channels to complete the atomization spray, thereby achieving zoned protection.

[0038] The first stream of water remains within the upper cavity 11 and, under high pressure, is ejected from various jet nozzles on the side wall. The water first passes through a smaller-diameter jet nozzle 12 for acceleration, then enters a larger-diameter jet nozzle 13 to form a stable jet. Finally, it is sprayed outwards at a high momentum, creating a long-range, wide-coverage direct water mist. This water mist has a strong impact force and is not easily affected by airflow within the carriage, allowing it to effectively reach high areas such as the luggage racks on the roof of the carriage, quickly extinguishing fires at higher elevations and preventing the fire from spreading upwards.

[0039] The second stream of water flows downwards into the lower cavity 31, and then enters the corresponding atomizing jet assembly 32 through the connecting cavities 34. After entering the nozzle housing 321, the water flows at high speed along the spiral grooves 324 on the surface of the swirling fluid 323, forming a strong rotating vortex, and finally is ejected at high speed from the atomizing nozzle 322 at the end. Under the combined action of centrifugal force and air shear, the water flow is fully torn and atomized, forming a high-pressure fine water mist with small particle size and uniform dispersion. This part of the water mist has a long suspension time and a large heat exchange area, which can quickly absorb the heat of the lower space of the carriage, rapidly reduce the ambient temperature of the passenger area, and at the same time adsorb smoke particles and reduce smoke concentration, creating a safe low-level space for passenger evacuation and escape.

[0040] Through the synergistic effect of the upper direct water mist and the lower fine water mist, this nozzle can form a three-dimensional protective field with upper and lower zones inside the carriage, while taking into account the dual needs of high-level fire extinguishing and low-level cooling and smoke control. It is particularly suitable for fire-fighting scenarios in the enclosed, narrow, and densely populated high-speed railway carriages.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages, characterized in that, The device includes a nozzle connector with mounting threads, comprising an upper jet nozzle at the top and a lower vortex nozzle at the bottom. The mounting threads are located on the top outer wall of the upper jet nozzle, and the upper jet nozzle and the lower vortex nozzle are detachably connected. The nozzle connector has an internal water inlet channel, which includes an upper cavity within the upper jet nozzle and a lower cavity within the lower vortex nozzle, and the upper and lower cavities are connected. The sidewall of the upper jet nozzle has a plurality of direct jet nozzles distributed circumferentially, and these direct jet nozzles are connected to the interior of the upper cavity. The sidewall of the lower vortex nozzle has a plurality of atomizing jet components distributed circumferentially.

2. A partitioned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation groove is provided in the upper cavity, and a filter screen is installed in the installation groove. The bottom of the filter screen abuts against the bottom of the installation groove, and a retaining ring is provided at the top of the filter screen. The top of the retaining ring abuts against the top of the installation groove to limit and fix the filter screen.

3. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direct-fire jet nozzle includes a jet nozzle one and a jet nozzle two. The two ends of the jet nozzle one are respectively connected to the upper cavity and the interior of the jet nozzle two, and the inner diameter of the jet nozzle one is smaller than the inner diameter of the jet nozzle two.

4. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axes of the jet nozzle one and jet nozzle two are inclined at an angle to the central axis of the nozzle connecting seat, and the jet direction of each jet nozzle is radially outward.

5. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower vortex nozzle has an installation cavity and a connecting cavity on its side wall. The two ends of the connecting cavity are connected to the lower cavity and the interior of the installation cavity, respectively. The inner diameter of the connecting cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the installation cavity. The atomizing jet assembly is installed in the installation cavity.

6. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 5, characterized in that, The atomizing jet assembly includes: a nozzle housing, an atomizing nozzle, a swirling fluid, and a spiral groove. The nozzle housing is installed inside the mounting cavity, and the water inlet end is connected to the inside of the connecting cavity. The swirling fluid is embedded inside the nozzle housing, and a spiral groove is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the swirling fluid. The atomizing nozzle is provided at the water outlet end of the nozzle housing.

7. A zoned high-pressure water mist nozzle for railway carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the mating surfaces of the upper jet nozzle and the lower vortex nozzle.

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