An automatic linkage control system of an emergency isolation cabin of a new energy vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of intelligent control, and particularly provides an automatic linkage control system of an emergency isolation cabin of a new energy vehicle, which comprises the following: a fire monitoring module which identifies multispectral image data of a monitoring area to obtain a thermal runaway early warning signal and fire source parking space information; a linkage decision module which generates navigation task instructions, isolation instructions and fire extinguishing instructions in sequence after confirmation; a navigation control module which drives the emergency isolation cabin to autonomously drive to the fire source parking space; an isolation execution module which lowers a fireproof plate to build a fireproof barrier; a fire extinguishing execution module which drives a booster pump to continuously spray special fire extinguishing liquid for lithium batteries, and sends the special fire extinguishing liquid into lithium battery packs through holes and cracks during an intermittent period of smoke and fire to implement chemical fire extinguishing; a cofferdam collection module which lowers cofferdam plates to form a water immersion environment; and a verification feedback module which realizes closed-loop control according to temperature data, and realizes early warning of thermal runaway and source inhibition of rekindling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, specifically to an automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles use lithium battery packs as their power source. These packs are installed under the vehicle chassis, enclosed by a metal casing, and internally composed of multiple battery cell modules arranged in sections. When a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, the flame temperature can reach over 1000℃, resulting in a fierce fire with a high reignition rate, and it can ignite adjacent vehicles through thermal radiation. In enclosed spaces with narrow passageways, such as underground parking garages and public charging stations, lithium battery fires are far more difficult to handle than ordinary fires.

[0003] With the rapid growth in the number of new energy vehicles, the need for automatic fire prevention and control in these locations is becoming increasingly urgent. Existing technologies have the following limitations and cannot yet meet these needs:

[0004] Fire monitoring is lagging. Existing fire monitoring equipment relies primarily on open flames or smoke for identification. In the early stages of lithium battery thermal runaway, only an abnormal rise in cell temperature is observed, without any visible combustion characteristics such as open flames. By the time an open flame is identified, thermal runaway has often fully developed, missing the optimal response time. Underground parking garages are subject to environmental interference such as changes in lighting and vehicle obstruction, leading to significant false alarms and missed alarms with single monitoring methods.

[0005] There is a lack of fully automated, interconnected control systems from early warning to response. Existing firefighting equipment is mostly fixed or relies on manual on-site arrival or remote control. These methods lack a fully automated, interconnected control system for the entire process, from fire source location and autonomous navigation to physical isolation, firefighting execution, and effectiveness verification. Underground parking garages have complex access routes, making manual approach to the fire scene risky and slow; fixed facilities cannot be moved, limiting their protective range. Burning vehicles continuously radiate heat, easily igniting nearby parked vehicles and triggering a chain reaction of fires.

[0006] Extinguishing agents cannot penetrate the battery pack, resulting in a high reignition rate. Lithium-ion battery packs are enclosed in a metal casing. Conventional planar spraying methods only form a liquid film on the vehicle's surface, preventing the extinguishing agent from penetrating the casing and contacting the internal battery cells. Industry experts generally believe that lithium-ion battery fires are difficult to extinguish and can only be isolated and allowed to burn out completely. Furthermore, during firefighting, the extinguishing liquid spills everywhere, failing to maintain continuous cooling of the battery pack under the vehicle, making reignition highly likely after the fire is suppressed.

[0007] Therefore, the existing technology lacks an automated linkage control system that can provide early warning of thermal runaway, realize fully automated linkage control from warning to disposal, and deliver fire extinguishing medium into the battery pack to suppress reignition from the source. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides an automated linkage control system for the emergency isolation compartment of new energy vehicles. It effectively solves the problems of lagging fire monitoring, lack of fully automated linkage control from early warning to disposal, and high reignition rate caused by the inability of fire extinguishing media to enter the battery pack in the existing fire prevention and control of new energy vehicles.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This solution provides an automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin of a new energy vehicle, used to implement automated linkage control of the emergency isolation cabin; the emergency isolation cabin is a mobile emergency response equipment that can move autonomously, and includes a control cabinet, a power system, a steering wheel, a fireproof plate, a dike plate, a booster pump, a liquid storage tank, multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles, a voice reminder unit, a warning light unit, a lighting unit, a drop plate mechanism, and a swing arm mechanism; the liquid storage tank stores lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid; the system includes a fire monitoring module, a linkage decision module, a navigation control module, an isolation execution module, a fire extinguishing execution module, a dike collection module, and a verification feedback module.

[0010] The fire monitoring module collects multispectral image data of the monitoring area, performs recognition on the multispectral image data to obtain thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source parking space information, and sends them to the linkage decision module. The fire source parking space information is the location information of the parking space where the vehicle experiencing thermal runaway is located, and the vehicle experiencing thermal runaway is recorded as the fire source vehicle. A lithium battery pack is installed under the chassis of the fire source vehicle.

[0011] The linkage decision module receives the thermal runaway early warning signal and the fire source parking space information, confirms the thermal runaway early warning signal, generates navigation task instructions based on the fire source parking space information, and sends the navigation task instructions to the navigation control module.

[0012] The navigation control module receives navigation task instructions, plans a driving route according to the instructions, drives the emergency isolation cabin to the fire source parking space autonomously according to the route, and outputs a arrival signal when the emergency isolation cabin arrives at the fire source parking space, sending the arrival signal to the linkage decision module.

[0013] The linkage decision-making module also generates an isolation command based on the arrival signal and sends the isolation command to the isolation execution module; the isolation execution module executes the isolation command, lowers the fireproof board to build a fire barrier, and outputs an isolation completion signal.

[0014] The linkage decision-making module also generates a fire extinguishing command based on the isolation completion signal and sends the command to the fire extinguishing execution module. The fire extinguishing execution module executes the command, driving the booster pump to continuously pressurize and spray the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, forming a fine water mist. The continuous spraying of the fine water mist constitutes a continuous jet characteristic. When the lithium battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the smoke and fire intermittently spray out through the holes and cracks formed by the ablation on the lithium battery pack's shell, constituting an intermittent pulse jet characteristic. The fire extinguishing execution module utilizes the interaction between the intermittent pulse jet characteristic and the continuous jet characteristic to deliver the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid into the lithium battery pack through the holes and cracks during the intervals between the smoke and fire, implementing chemical fire extinguishing.

[0015] During the process of the fire extinguishing execution module spraying lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, the cofferdam collection module lowers the cofferdam plate. The cofferdam plate and the fireproof plate together collect the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, creating a water-immersed environment under the chassis of the fire source vehicle, so that the lithium battery pack is submerged in the water-immersed environment.

[0016] The verification feedback module collects temperature data of the fire source area after fire extinguishing, obtains verification results based on the temperature data, and feeds the verification results back to the linkage decision module; the linkage decision module determines whether the fire extinguishing is complete or the fire reignites based on the verification results, thus achieving closed-loop control.

[0017] Furthermore, the fire monitoring module includes a multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector and an embedded hardware platform; the multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector integrates visible light imaging channels, near-infrared imaging channels, and far-infrared imaging channels to acquire multispectral image data; the embedded hardware platform has a built-in AI smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm; the AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm extracts temperature field features, flame morphology features, smoke texture features, and temperature rise rate features from the multispectral image data, and performs fusion discrimination to obtain thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source parking space information.

[0018] Furthermore, the linkage decision-making module operates in a state machine manner; the state machine includes standby monitoring state, early warning confirmation state, deployment navigation state, approach pre-spraying state, isolation state, counter-fire extinguishing state, dike flooding state, and effect verification state; in the deployment navigation state, the linkage decision-making module drives the voice reminder unit, warning light unit, and lighting unit to start synchronously; in the approach pre-spraying state, when the distance between the emergency isolation chamber and the fire source vehicle position is less than the preset distance threshold, the linkage decision-making module generates a pre-spraying command, and the fire extinguishing execution module starts the booster pump according to the pre-spraying command.

[0019] Furthermore, the navigation control module includes an automatic navigation unit, an obstacle avoidance radar unit, and a steering wheel control unit; the automatic navigation unit plans the driving path according to the navigation task instructions; the obstacle avoidance radar unit detects obstacles on the driving path; and the steering wheel control unit controls the travel distance and steering angle of the emergency isolation cabin according to the driving path.

[0020] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing module controls the liquid storage tank, booster pump, and multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles mounted on the emergency isolation chamber; the liquid storage tank stores lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid; the booster pump pressurizes the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid through the delivery pipeline and then sprays it out from the multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles to form a fine water mist; the booster pump operates continuously at a constant pressure to maintain the continuous jet characteristics of the fine water mist.

[0021] Furthermore, the cofferdam collection module includes a liquid level acquisition module; the cofferdam panels include a front cofferdam panel and a rear cofferdam panel; the front cofferdam panel, the rear cofferdam panel, and the fireproof panel together form a cofferdam with an open top; the height of the cofferdam is greater than the ground clearance of the chassis of the fire source vehicle; the liquid level acquisition module acquires the liquid level inside the cofferdam.

[0022] Furthermore, the verification feedback module calculates the average temperature of the fire source area based on the temperature data; when the average temperature of the fire source area is lower than the preset extinguishing threshold and does not rise, the verification result is that the open flame is extinguished; when the average temperature of the fire source area rises above the preset reignition threshold, the verification result is that the flame reignites; the linkage decision module regenerates the fire extinguishing command when the verification result is that the flame reignites.

[0023] This invention also provides an automated linkage control method for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle. The method is applied to an automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle and includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: Multispectral fire monitoring and thermal runaway early warning;

[0025] Step S2: Ignition source confirmation and coordinated decision-making;

[0026] Step S3: Autonomous navigation and close-range pre-spraying;

[0027] Step S4: Isolation and interactive counter-fire control;

[0028] Step S5: Flooding of the cofferdam and closed-loop verification.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] (1) By integrating a multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector with three imaging channels (visible light, near-infrared, and far-infrared) and an AI smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm, ultra-early and accurate identification of precursors to thermal runaway of lithium batteries is achieved. Using the temperature rise rate as the core criterion and integrating flame morphology and smoke texture to eliminate interference, an early warning signal is output before the open flame is generated. Compared with traditional methods that rely on the formation of an open flame, this method can detect dangers in advance, effectively solving the technical problems of delayed early warning of thermal runaway and high false alarm rate caused by environmental interference. This provides a critical golden response window for fully automated emergency response and significantly improves the monitoring reliability and early warning timeliness of the system in complex environments such as underground garages.

[0031] (2) Through the linkage decision-making module, a state machine is used to implement programmed linkage control over the entire process of fire source confirmation, autonomous navigation, close-range pre-spraying, physical isolation, interactive counter-fire extinguishing, dike flooding, and effect verification, thus constructing a complete automated closed-loop system from early warning to disposal. All emergency actions can be completed without personnel approaching the fire scene, solving the problems of existing disposal methods being singular, dependent on manual arrival, slow response, high risk, and limited protection range of fixed facilities. It realizes unmanned, programmed, and highly efficient operation from fire early warning to emergency disposal, effectively blocking the spread of fire and the path of continuous burning, and providing safe and reliable active protection capabilities for high-density parking areas.

[0032] (3) The booster pump driven by the fire extinguishing module continuously sprays fine water mist at a constant pressure, forming a continuous jet characteristic. It creatively utilizes the interaction and counteraction between this and the intermittent pulse jet characteristics of lithium battery pack smoke and fire. During the intervals when the flames themselves erode the shell, forming holes and cracks, the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid is delivered into the battery pack to carry out chemical fire extinguishing. This overcomes the technical barrier that the fire extinguishing medium cannot enter the battery pack and overcomes the technical prejudice that lithium battery fires can only be isolated and waited for to burn out. It achieves the goal of suppressing the reignition of lithium batteries from the root, and achieves unexpected technical effects that are significantly better than conventional external spraying. It provides a fundamental solution to the problem of high reignition rate in lithium battery fires.

[0033] (4) The cofferdam collection module is used to collect lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid by lowering the cofferdam plate, forming a water immersion environment higher than the vehicle chassis under the fire source vehicle chassis, so that the lithium battery pack is submerged in the water immersion environment, achieving continuous cooling of the lithium battery pack and further reducing the risk of reignition; at the same time, the fire barrier isolates the fire source from adjacent vehicles, effectively blocking heat radiation and fire spread. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is an overall structural block diagram of an automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is an infrared thermal image of the emergency rescue process of the emergency isolation chamber of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 The curves showing the temperature change over time inside the isolation chamber (left) and the temperature change over time on the side of the isolation chamber (right) are shown in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram of the interactive counter-attack fire extinguishing control of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram of the interactive counter-attack fire extinguishing control of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram comparing the effects of the continuous jet of the present invention with conventional fire extinguishing tank spray;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an automated linkage control method for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle according to the present invention.

[0041] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] Please see Figure 1 The automated linkage control system of an emergency isolation cabin for new energy vehicles in this embodiment includes a fire monitoring module, a linkage decision-making module, a navigation control module, an isolation execution module, a fire extinguishing execution module, a dike collection module, and a verification feedback module.

[0045] The emergency isolation cabin is a self-propelled, mobile emergency response device. It includes a control cabinet, power system, steering wheel, fireproof plate, containment plate, booster pump, storage tank, multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles, voice prompt unit, warning light unit, lighting unit, drop-down mechanism, and swing arm mechanism. The storage tank contains lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing fluid. The control cabinet houses a 32-bit microcomputer controller. The linkage decision-making module and navigation control module are located within the control cabinet. The execution components of the isolation execution module, fire extinguishing execution module, and containment collection module are mounted within the emergency isolation cabin.

[0046] The fire monitoring module's detection terminals are deployed in the monitoring area, which is the vehicle parking area of ​​an underground garage or centralized charging station. The monitoring area is divided into zones based on parking spaces, and a monitoring and command platform is configured within each zone. The fire monitoring module collects multispectral image data of the monitoring area; it performs identification on the multispectral image data to obtain thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source / parking space information; the fire monitoring module reports the thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source / parking space information to the monitoring and command platform via the communication network; the monitoring and command platform forwards the thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source / parking space information to the linkage decision-making module. The communication network uses a combination of LoRa wireless communication and fiber optics; the emergency isolation chamber and the monitoring and command platform exchange location and alarm location information via LoRa wireless communication.

[0047] The linkage decision-making module confirms the thermal runaway early warning signal and generates navigation task instructions based on the fire source parking space information; the linkage decision-making module sends the navigation task instructions to the navigation control module;

[0048] The navigation control module plans the driving path according to the navigation task instructions; the navigation control module drives the emergency isolation cabin to drive autonomously according to the driving path; when the emergency isolation cabin arrives at the fire source parking space, the navigation control module outputs a arrival signal; the linkage decision module generates an isolation command based on the arrival signal;

[0049] The isolation execution module executes the isolation command, lowers the fireproof board to build a fire barrier, and outputs an isolation completion signal; the linkage decision module generates a fire extinguishing command based on the isolation completion signal.

[0050] The fire extinguishing execution module executes the fire extinguishing command, drives the booster pump to continuously spray lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, and implements interactive counter-fire extinguishing control; the linkage decision module generates a dike command after the interactive counter-fire extinguishing control continues for a first preset time.

[0051] The cofferdam collection module executes the cofferdam command, lowers the cofferdam plate, collects lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, and creates a water-immersed environment.

[0052] The verification feedback module collects temperature data of the fire source area after fire extinguishing and obtains verification results; the verification feedback module feeds back the verification results to the linkage decision module; the linkage decision module determines whether fire extinguishing is complete or reignition occurs based on the verification results, thus achieving closed-loop control.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The fire monitoring module includes a multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector and an embedded hardware platform.

[0055] The multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector is a new type of fusion-type intelligent camera, integrating three imaging channels: visible light imaging, near-infrared imaging, and far-infrared imaging. The detector simultaneously acquires visible light, near-infrared, and far-infrared thermal images of the monitored area; these images constitute multispectral image data. The detector supports 2-megapixel (1920×1080) high-definition imaging and possesses low-light imaging enhancement capabilities, enabling it to obtain high-quality images even in low-light environments such as underground parking garages.

[0056] The embedded hardware platform is an ARM core processing chip equipped with a GPU computing unit. It incorporates an AI-powered fireworks temperature recognition algorithm. This algorithm combines image pattern recognition with deep learning; the deep learning component is based on a convolutional neural network and continuously optimized through adaptive learning, making it suitable for indoor, outdoor, and various complex applications.

[0057] The AI ​​fireworks temperature recognition algorithm's processing involves four steps:

[0058] Step 1: Temperature Field Feature Extraction. The AI ​​fireworks temperature recognition algorithm performs radiation temperature measurement based on far-infrared thermal images to obtain the temperature field features of the monitored area; the temperature field features characterize the temperature distribution of each temperature measurement point within the monitored area.

[0059] Step 2: Temperature Rise Rate Calculation. The AI ​​fireworks temperature recognition algorithm tracks characteristic temperature measurement points in the temperature field and calculates the temperature rise rate of these points. The formula for calculating the temperature rise rate is: ;

[0060] in, express Temperature at a time-specific temperature measurement point, in °C; This indicates the preset time interval, in seconds (s). express The rate of temperature rise at a time-specific temperature measurement point, expressed in °C / s.

[0061] Step 3: Visual Feature Extraction. The AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm uses a convolutional neural network to identify visible light and near-infrared images, extracting flame morphology features and smoke texture features. Flame morphology features include the color, grayscale, size, shape, edges, and variation trends of the flame; smoke texture features include the texture and movement trends of the smoke.

[0062] Step 4: Fusion and Discrimination. The AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm fuses and discriminates temperature field features, flame morphology features, smoke texture features, and temperature rise rate features. Fusion and discrimination includes precursor detection and interference elimination. Precursor detection specifically involves: when the temperature rise rate... Greater than or equal to the preset temperature rise rate threshold When the duration of the event is greater than or equal to a preset duration threshold, it is determined that a precursor to thermal runaway has occurred in the monitored area; preset temperature rise rate threshold. It can be adjusted according to the environmental calibration of the defense zone and can be set to 5℃ / s. The interference elimination is as follows: The AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm eliminates interference sources such as sunlight reflection, lights, electric welding, oxy-fuel welding, and argon arc welding based on the characteristics of flame shape and smoke texture, thereby reducing the false alarm rate.

[0063] The intrinsic connection to lithium battery thermal runaway scenarios lies in the fact that the early stages of lithium battery thermal runaway only manifest as an abnormal rise in cell temperature, without any visible combustion characteristics such as open flames. Therefore, the precursor detection uses the temperature rise rate as the core criterion to achieve ultra-early warning before open flames appear. Flame morphology and smoke texture features provided by visible light and near-infrared images are used to eliminate environmental interference and are verified after the appearance of open flames. Once an open flame is confirmed, the AI ​​smoke and temperature recognition algorithm outputs a fire alarm signal. The output of the AI ​​smoke and temperature recognition algorithm includes a fire alarm signal and fire location information; the fire location information includes the zone number and parking space location, i.e., the fire source parking space information. The flame detection sensitivity is set to three adjustable levels, with a fastest response time of 2 seconds.

[0064] The fire monitoring module has multi-channel output capabilities, including independent output, bus-linked output, and wireless access output.

[0065] Independent output: The embedded hardware platform is equipped with a relay output circuit; the embedded hardware platform converts the fire alarm signal output by the AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm into a passive contact form fire alarm signal before outputting it to the outside;

[0066] Bus linkage output: The monitoring area where the fire monitoring module is located is also equipped with a conventional fire alarm controller; the conventional fire alarm controller is connected to the fire protection equipment within its jurisdiction via a two-wire bus; the fire monitoring module sends the fire alarm signal to the conventional fire alarm controller via the two-wire bus to realize linkage with the conventional fire alarm controller;

[0067] Wireless access output: The fire monitoring module connects to the monitoring and command platform via Lora wireless communication in the communication network.

[0068] A single multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector failure does not affect the operation of other detectors or the overall early warning system. The multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector has fault detection capabilities for obstructions, deflections, and contamination, with a fault response time of less than 2 minutes; the fault response method adopts an integrated audio-visual design. The multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector is equipped with a three-color indicator light: green indicates normal operation, yellow indicates a fault, and red indicates an alarm.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] This embodiment is based on embodiment two. The linkage decision module is based on a 32-bit microcomputer controller in the control cabinet and operates in a state machine manner. The state machine includes standby monitoring state, early warning confirmation state, dispatch navigation state, approach pre-spraying state, isolation state, counter-fire extinguishing state, dike water immersion state, and effect verification state.

[0071] Standby monitoring status: The emergency isolation cabin is docked in its original parking position, and the fire monitoring module continuously collects multispectral image data; the linkage decision module simultaneously performs equipment self-checks; the self-check items include power level, steering wheel function, booster pump status, drop plate mechanism status, and communication status. The power system uses 48V / 24V batteries; to ensure emergency endurance, a charging prompt is output when the battery level is below 70%.

[0072] Warning Confirmation Status: After receiving the thermal runaway warning signal, the linkage decision module confirms the signal. Confirmation methods include: verifying the signal using multi-view thermal imaging temperature detectors in adjacent defense zones of the fire source parking space. Upon successful confirmation, the linkage decision module locks the fire source parking space and generates a navigation task instruction based on the parking space information. The navigation task instruction includes the target parking space and driving route. Subsequently, the state machine transitions to the deployment navigation state.

[0073] Navigation status: The linkage decision module drives the voice reminder unit, warning light unit, and lighting unit to start simultaneously, prompting on-site personnel to take evasive action; the linkage decision module sends navigation task instructions to the navigation control module, and the emergency isolation cabin drives autonomously.

[0074] Approaching Pre-Spray Status: The navigation control module reports the distance between the emergency isolation chamber and the fire source parking space in real time. When the distance is less than a preset distance threshold, the linkage decision module generates a pre-spray command and sends it to the fire extinguishing execution module. The fire extinguishing execution module starts the booster pump according to the pre-spray command. The booster pump pressurizes and sprays lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid to form a fine water mist. The fine water mist accompanies the emergency isolation chamber into the fire source parking space. Approaching pre-spray allows the fire extinguishing action and the approach action to proceed in parallel, shortening the response time.

[0075] Isolation status: The navigation control module outputs a positioning signal; the linkage decision module generates an isolation command based on the positioning signal; the isolation execution module executes the isolation command, lowers the fireproof board, and outputs an isolation completion signal.

[0076] In the event of fire suppression: the linkage decision module generates a fire suppression command based on the isolation completion signal; the fire suppression execution module executes the fire suppression command and maintains the booster pump running at a constant pressure for a first preset duration; the first preset duration is set to 10-15 minutes to cover the multiple intermittent pulse sprays of each group of battery cell modules in the lithium battery pack.

[0077] Waterlogged state of the cofferdam: The linkage decision module generates a cofferdam command after the fire-fighting state continues for a first preset time; the cofferdam collection module executes the cofferdam command, lowers the cofferdam plate, collects lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, and forms a waterlogged environment.

[0078] Effect verification status: The verification feedback module collects temperature data of the fire source area after fire extinguishing, obtains the verification result based on the temperature data, and feeds the verification result back to the linkage decision module; when the verification result is that the open flame is extinguished, the state machine enters the standby monitoring state; when the verification result is that the fire reignites, the linkage decision module regenerates the fire extinguishing command, and the state machine returns to the anti-fire extinguishing state.

[0079] The linkage decision-making module employs redundant design and hardware / software protection functions to ensure reliable operation. The control system has undergone EMC laboratory testing and possesses electromagnetic interference resistance, adapting to complex electromagnetic environments. The system supports three operating modes: fully automatic mode (fully automatic operation of the state machine); remote control mode (operator remotely controls the system via a remote control with a one-button fire extinguishing function, activating all fire extinguishing-related functions upon triggering); and touchscreen manual mode (individual control of various functions via a touchscreen human-machine interface). The remote control and touchscreen manual modes serve as redundant backups for the fully automatic mode; in manual mode, obstacle avoidance is disabled, requiring the operator to observe the passageway.

[0080] Example 4:

[0081] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 3. The navigation control module includes an automatic navigation unit, an obstacle avoidance radar unit, and a steering wheel control unit.

[0082] The automatic navigation unit uses geomagnetic induction navigation; navigation magnetic strips are pre-embedded in the driving lane of the monitoring area; the automatic navigation unit senses the pre-embedded navigation magnetic strips and generates geomagnetic induction signals; the automatic navigation unit guides the emergency isolation cabin along the driving path according to the geomagnetic induction signals.

[0083] Each steering wheel in the emergency isolation chamber is driven by a servo motor; the automatic navigation unit collects the rotation stroke of the servo motor to obtain servo motor ranging data; the automatic navigation unit also receives plan view data sent by the monitoring and command platform; the plan view data is a parking space distribution map and driving lane layout map of the monitoring area.

[0084] The automatic navigation unit combines servo motor ranging data and plan data to perform path planning and data exchange navigation; the automatic navigation unit adjusts walking and steering through intelligent algorithms.

[0085] The obstacle avoidance radar unit adopts a multi-point laser obstacle avoidance radar; the obstacle avoidance radar unit detects obstacles on the driving path in real time during driving; when an obstacle is detected, the navigation control module controls the emergency isolation cabin to decelerate or stop to avoid it; the obstacle avoidance radar unit can flexibly deal with lane congestion.

[0086] The steering wheel control unit includes four high-precision steering wheels; each steering wheel is equipped with a 1024 encoder; the 1024 encoder is used to detect the rotation angle and speed of the servo motor corresponding to the steering wheel; the steering wheel control unit precisely controls the travel distance and steering angle of the emergency isolation chamber based on encoder feedback; the four steering wheels can synchronously turn to 0° or 90°, achieving in-situ rotation and lateral movement, adapting to the narrow passages of underground parking garages. The rated travel speed of the emergency isolation chamber is 1.5m / s.

[0087] Example 5:

[0088] This embodiment is based on embodiment four. The isolation execution module includes a drop plate mechanism and a swing arm mechanism; the fire extinguishing execution module includes a liquid storage tank, a booster pump, a delivery pipeline, and multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles.

[0089] The execution process of the isolation execution module is as follows: After receiving the isolation command, the lowering mechanism lowers the fireproof plates on the left and right sides; the fireproof plates are high-strength special fireproof plates; after the left and right fireproof plates are lowered, a closed fire barrier is constructed around the fire source vehicle to isolate the combustion heat radiation and flame propagation path; the swing arm mechanism simultaneously unfolds the swing arm; the swing arm is equipped with a nozzle, and after the swing arm is unfolded, the nozzle is aimed at the chassis of the fire source vehicle; the isolation execution module outputs an isolation completion signal.

[0090] To explain the principle of interactive counter-fire control, we first need to describe the structure and thermal runaway characteristics of the lithium battery pack. The lithium battery pack is installed under the chassis of the vehicle at the fire source; the ground clearance of the vehicle chassis is generally 110~170mm; the outer shell of the lithium battery pack is a metal casing; the interior of the lithium battery pack consists of multiple groups of battery cell modules arranged in blocks.

[0091] When a lithium battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the smoke and fire exhibit intermittent pulse jet characteristics. The formation process is as follows: When a single cell module experiences thermal runaway, the flame temperature can reach over 1000℃; the high-temperature flame continuously burns through the metal casing of the lithium battery pack, causing weak points in the casing to be burned through, forming holes and cracks; the smoke and fire, including flames and smoke, are ejected outward through the holes and cracks; as the combustibles in that cell module gradually burn out, the external ejection pressure of the smoke and fire drops, the flame weakens, and it enters an intermittent period; the heat generated by the combustion of that cell module is conducted to adjacent cell modules, igniting the adjacent cell modules, and entering a strong ejection period again; this cycle repeats, and the smoke and fire of the lithium battery pack are ejected outward in an intermittent pulse pattern.

[0092] The spraying process after the booster pump receives the fire extinguishing command is as follows: The booster pump is a mechanical pump; it starts after receiving the fire extinguishing command; the output pressure of the booster pump is constant and uninterrupted; the booster pump continuously pressurizes and delivers the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid stored in the storage tank through the delivery pipeline; the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid is continuously sprayed out through multiple high-pressure fine water mist nozzles, forming a pressurized fine water mist; the characteristic of continuously spraying pressurized fine water mist at a constant pressure is the continuous jet characteristic. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid is a water-based chemical fire extinguishing liquid; it can both interrupt the chain exothermic reaction of lithium batteries through chemical reaction and achieve cooling through the heat absorption of water vaporization.

[0093] The arrangement of the multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles is as follows: multiple nozzles are arranged near the ground on the left and right partitions of the emergency isolation chamber; nozzles are arranged in front of and behind the four tires of the fire source vehicle and in corresponding positions on the chassis; nozzles are arranged on the swing arm; together they form a three-sided synchronous spray structure for the bottom and two sides of the fire source vehicle; the three-sided synchronous spray structure can simultaneously cover the fire source vehicle and adjacent vehicles, and a single emergency isolation chamber can simultaneously suppress the fire of up to three vehicles.

[0094] The interactive counter-firing control process is as follows: During the high-intensity spray phase, the intermittent pulses of smoke and fire counteract the continuous jet of fine water mist at the openings; the fine water mist is partially vaporized, suppressing external flames and cooling the casing; during the intermittent phase, the external spray pressure of the smoke and fire drops, and the openings and fissures briefly appear, allowing the continuously pressurized fine water mist to flow into the lithium battery pack; the lithium battery-specific extinguishing liquid inside the battery pack reacts chemically with the battery cell modules, blocking the chain exothermic reaction, while the water-based components absorb heat and cool the fire, suppressing the fire source inside the lithium battery pack until it is extinguished. The high-intensity spray phase and the intermittent phase alternate, with the interaction between the fine water mist and the smoke and fire resembling two interlocking saw teeth.

[0095] From a control perspective, the core control law of interactive counter-current fire suppression control is constant pressure continuous spraying: the booster pump operates continuously at a constant pressure, eliminating the need to detect the pulse phase of smoke and fire; since the intermittent period inevitably occurs after each high-intensity spraying period, the continuous jet characteristic naturally covers each intermittent period; combined with a multi-point, three-dimensional layout and a long-term operation with a first preset duration (10-15 minutes), interactive counter-current fire suppression control achieves effective fire suppression inside the lithium battery pack with simple and reliable control logic. Approach pre-spraying further ensures continuous spraying from approach to positioning, without sacrificing response time.

[0096] Example 6:

[0097] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 5. The cofferdam collection module includes a cofferdam plate and a liquid level acquisition module; the cofferdam plate includes a front cofferdam plate and a rear cofferdam plate.

[0098] The execution process of the cofferdam collection module is as follows: After receiving the cofferdam command, the cofferdam collection module drives the front and rear cofferdam plates to automatically fall using the drop plate mechanism; the front and rear cofferdam plates, together with the left and right fireproof plates, form a cofferdam with an open top; the height of the cofferdam is approximately 260mm; the height of the cofferdam is greater than the ground clearance of the fire source vehicle chassis (110~170mm); the sprayed lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid and its mixture with water and foam are collected within the cofferdam; as the collected liquid increases, a water-immersed environment is formed within the cofferdam; the liquid level in the water-immersed environment is higher than the fire source vehicle chassis, and the lithium battery pack is submerged in the water-immersed environment; the liquid level acquisition module collects the liquid level within the cofferdam in real time. The water-immersed environment continuously cools the lithium battery pack, further suppressing reignition; the cofferdam also prevents the fire extinguishing liquid from spreading.

[0099] The verification feedback module reuses temperature data collected by the far-infrared imaging channel in the fire monitoring module during the fire extinguishing phase. The fire source area is the monitoring area corresponding to the fire source vehicle and its surrounding defense zone. The verification feedback module calculates the average temperature of the fire source area based on the temperature data. The formula for calculating the average temperature of the fire source area is: ;

[0100] in, express Within the fire source area at any moment The temperature at each measuring point; This indicates the total number of temperature monitoring points within the fire source area; express Average temperature of the fire source area at any given time.

[0101] The verification criterion is: when the average temperature of the fire source area... Below the preset shutdown threshold and continuous When the temperature no longer rises after one sampling period, the verification result is that the open flame is extinguished; after the verification result is that the open flame is extinguished, the average temperature of the fire source area is... It rises and exceeds the preset reignition threshold. If the verification result indicates reignition, the verification feedback module sends the verification result to the linkage decision module. Upon receiving a reignition verification result, the linkage decision module regenerates the fire extinguishing command, and the fire extinguishing execution module restarts the booster pump, achieving closed-loop control.

[0102] Example 7:

[0103] Please see Figures 2-6 This embodiment is a real vehicle fire extinguishing test case conducted to verify the effectiveness of the system.

[0104] Experimental Setup: The experimental subject was a new energy test vehicle equipped with a lithium battery pack. The lithium battery pack, consisting of multiple cell modules, was installed under the chassis of the test vehicle. The thermal runaway triggering method was as follows: a heating plate was placed at the bottom of the lithium battery pack; through-holes were pre-drilled in the lithium battery pack casing, through which heating wires were laid; energizing the heating plate triggered thermal runaway of a single cell module; this method simulated thermal runaway caused by chassis impact or overcharging. Monitoring methods included: recording the temperature field of the fire source area throughout the process using an infrared thermal imager; and recording the interaction between fine water mist and smoke / fire using a high-speed camera.

[0105] Experimental Procedure: Before heating, the system was in standby monitoring mode, and the infrared thermal image showed that the ambient temperature was normal. After the heating plate was powered on, a single cell module in the lithium battery pack experienced thermal runaway and exploded. Smoke and fire intermittently sprayed out through the holes and cracks formed by the shell ablation, and the infrared thermal image showed that the temperature rose rapidly. The fire monitoring module output a thermal runaway warning signal. After confirmation by the linkage decision module, the emergency isolation cabin activated voice prompts, warning lights, and lighting, and drove autonomously according to the planned path. During the approach phase, the booster pump was pre-started, and fine water mist accompanied the emergency isolation cabin into the area. After reaching the target location, the left and right fireproof plates fell and the swing arms deployed. During the fire extinguishing phase, the continuous constant pressure fine water mist repeatedly countered the intermittently sprayed smoke and fire, with the top and side bottom sprays working in tandem. Subsequently, the containment plate fell, and the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid accumulated under the chassis of the test vehicle, creating a water immersion environment, and the lithium battery pack was submerged.

[0106] Control experiment: A conventional fire extinguisher was used to intermittently spray the exterior of the vehicle on fire; the fire was not effectively suppressed after spraying. The reason is that conventional intermittent spraying does not have the characteristics of a continuous jet, so it cannot cover the intervals between fire and smoke, nor can it enter the lithium battery pack through holes and cracks during the intervals.

[0107] Experimental results: During the fire suppression, the highest temperature inside the emergency isolation chamber reached 1294.2℃; after the fire was suppressed, the open flame was basically extinguished, and the temperature in the fire source area continued to drop from a high level. Under the fire suppression of the emergency isolation chamber, adjacent combustibles were difficult to ignite; the highest temperature on the side of the emergency isolation chamber was 36.7℃, and no cross-burning occurred. The thermal radiation did not ignite the adjacent areas on the left and right; the infrared thermal imaging sequence showed that the temperature in the fire source area continued to drop from a high level.

[0108] Results analysis: The highest temperature inside the emergency isolation chamber decreased continuously from 1294.2℃, indicating that the chemical extinguishing effect of the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid entering the lithium battery pack through holes and cracks was effective, and the interactive counter-fire control achieved the suppression of the fire source inside the lithium battery pack; the highest temperature on the side of the emergency isolation chamber was 36.7℃, indicating that the isolation of the fire barrier and the three-sided synchronous spray structure was effective, blocking the continuous combustion path; the control experiment proved the necessity of the interactive counter-effect of continuous jet characteristics and intermittent pulse jet characteristics.

[0109] Example 8:

[0110] Please see Figure 7 This embodiment describes an automated linkage control method for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle. The method is applied to an automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle and includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S1: Multispectral fire monitoring and thermal runaway early warning; The fire monitoring module collects multispectral image data of the monitoring area; The fire monitoring module performs recognition on the multispectral image data, extracts temperature field features, flame morphology features, smoke texture features and temperature rise rate features, and performs fusion discrimination to obtain thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source parking space information;

[0112] Step S2: Fire source confirmation and linkage decision-making; The linkage decision-making module confirms the thermal runaway warning signal and generates navigation task instructions based on the fire source parking space information;

[0113] Step S3: Autonomous navigation and approach pre-spray; The navigation control module plans the driving path according to the navigation task instructions and drives the emergency isolation cabin to the fire source parking space autonomously; When the distance between the emergency isolation cabin and the fire source parking space is less than the preset distance threshold, the booster pump is activated and fine water mist enters with the emergency isolation cabin; When it arrives at the fire source parking space, it outputs a arrival signal;

[0114] Step S4: Isolation and interactive counter-fire suppression control; The isolation execution module lowers the fireproof board to build a fire barrier according to the arrival signal and outputs the isolation completion signal; The fire suppression execution module drives the booster pump to continuously spray lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid at a constant pressure according to the isolation completion signal. Utilizing the interactive counter-effect of intermittent pulse jet characteristics and continuous jet characteristics, the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid is delivered into the lithium battery pack through holes and cracks during the smoke and fire intervals to implement chemical fire suppression;

[0115] Step S5: Water immersion and closed-loop verification of the cofferdam; the cofferdam collection module lowers the cofferdam plate to collect lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid, creating a water immersion environment under the chassis of the fire source vehicle; the verification feedback module collects temperature data of the fire source area after fire extinguishing, obtains the verification results, and feeds the verification results back to the linkage decision module to achieve closed-loop control.

[0116] It should be noted that the collection and processing of image data involved in this system are all carried out under the authorization of the parking lot management and in compliance with relevant laws and regulations; they are only used for fire detection and temperature monitoring, and do not involve the identification, storage and use of personal identification information.

[0117] Through the above embodiments, the present invention has achieved a fundamental transformation in the handling of lithium battery fires in new energy vehicles, from passive response to active early warning, from manual handling to fully automatic linkage, and from external spraying to chemical fire extinguishing inside the lithium battery pack, significantly improving the fire prevention and control capabilities of high-density vehicle parking areas.

[0118] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation compartment in a new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The emergency isolation chamber includes fireproof panels, dike panels, a booster pump, and a liquid storage tank; the liquid storage tank stores lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid; a lithium battery pack is installed under the vehicle chassis; the system includes a fire monitoring module, a linkage decision-making module, a navigation control module, an isolation execution module, a fire extinguishing execution module, a dike collection module, and a verification feedback module; The fire monitoring module collects multispectral image data and identifies thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source parking space information; the vehicle that experiences thermal runaway is the fire source vehicle; The linkage decision-making module confirms the thermal runaway early warning signal and generates navigation task instructions based on the fire source parking space information; The navigation control module drives the emergency isolation cabin to the fire source parking space autonomously according to the navigation task instructions, and outputs a arrival signal upon arrival. The linkage decision-making module generates isolation instructions based on the arrival signal; The isolation execution module executes the isolation command, lowers the fireproof board to build a fire barrier, and outputs an isolation completion signal; The linkage decision module generates a fire extinguishing command based on the isolation completion signal; the fire extinguishing execution module executes the fire extinguishing command and drives the booster pump to continuously pressurize and spray out the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid to form a fine water mist; when the lithium battery pack thermally runs away, the smoke and fire are intermittently sprayed out through the holes and cracks formed by the ablation on its shell, and the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid is sent into the lithium battery pack during the interval. The cofferdam collection module lowers the cofferdam plate to create a water-immersed environment under the chassis of the fire source vehicle; The verification feedback module collects temperature data of the fire source area after fire extinguishing, obtains verification results, and feeds them back to the linkage decision module.

2. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire monitoring module includes a multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector and an embedded hardware platform. The multi-view thermal imaging temperature detector integrates visible light imaging channels, near-infrared imaging channels, and far-infrared imaging channels to acquire multispectral image data. The embedded hardware platform has a built-in AI smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm. The AI ​​smoke and fire temperature recognition algorithm extracts temperature field features, flame morphology features, smoke texture features, and temperature rise rate features from the multispectral image data and performs fusion discrimination to obtain thermal runaway early warning signals and fire source parking space information.

3. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage decision-making module operates in a state machine manner; the state machine includes a pre-spraying approach state; when the distance between the emergency isolation chamber and the fire source vehicle is less than a preset distance threshold during the pre-spraying approach state, the linkage decision-making module generates a pre-spraying command, and the fire extinguishing execution module starts the booster pump according to the pre-spraying command.

4. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The emergency isolation cabin also includes a steering wheel; the navigation control module includes an automatic navigation unit, an obstacle avoidance radar unit, and a steering wheel control unit; the automatic navigation unit plans the driving path according to the navigation mission instructions; the obstacle avoidance radar unit detects obstacles on the driving path; and the steering wheel control unit controls the travel distance and steering angle of the emergency isolation cabin according to the driving path.

5. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The emergency isolation chamber also includes multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles; the fire extinguishing module controls the liquid storage tank, booster pump, and multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles mounted on the emergency isolation chamber; the booster pump pressurizes the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid through the delivery pipeline and then sprays it out from the multi-point high-pressure fine water mist nozzles to form a fine water mist; the booster pump operates continuously at a constant pressure to maintain the continuous jet characteristics of the fine water mist.

6. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: When a lithium battery pack experiences thermal runaway, smoke and fire intermittently erupt through holes and cracks formed by the ablation of the battery pack's casing, creating an intermittent pulse jet characteristic. The fire extinguishing module utilizes the interaction between the intermittent pulse jet characteristic and the continuous jet characteristic to deliver lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid into the lithium battery pack through the holes and cracks during the intervals between smoke and fire, thus implementing chemical fire extinguishing.

7. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cofferdam collection module lowers the cofferdam plate during the spraying of lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing liquid; the cofferdam collection module includes a liquid level acquisition module; the cofferdam plate includes a front cofferdam plate and a rear cofferdam plate; the front cofferdam plate, the rear cofferdam plate, and the fireproof plate together form a cofferdam with an open top; the height of the cofferdam is greater than the ground clearance of the chassis of the fire source vehicle; the liquid level acquisition module collects the liquid level inside the cofferdam.

8. The automated linkage control system for an emergency isolation cabin in a new energy vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The verification feedback module calculates the average temperature of the fire source area based on the temperature data; when the average temperature of the fire source area is lower than the preset extinguishing threshold and does not rise, the verification result is that the open flame is extinguished; when the average temperature of the fire source area rises above the preset reignition threshold, the verification result is that the flame reignites; the linkage decision module regenerates the fire extinguishing command when the verification result is that the flame reignites.

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