A hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of hydrocarbon generation reaction device and method, it is related to natural gas preparation technical field, comprising: the flue gas passage of first section, second section, third section is arranged in furnace body;Mixing device and hydrocarbon generation reaction tube are arranged in first section, mixing device is provided with material inlet, steam inlet and reactant outlet, reactant outlet is connected with the input end of hydrocarbon generation reaction tube, the output end of hydrocarbon generation reaction tube is used to connect high temperature deashing device;Steam generator includes high-temperature steam generation pipe, medium-temperature steam generation pipe and low-temperature steam generation pipe, the first inlet of low-temperature steam generation pipe is used to enter water, the first outlet of low-temperature steam generation pipe is used to connect with the cooling inlet of water-cooled wall of high temperature deashing device, the second inlet of medium-temperature steam generation pipe is used to connect with the cooling outlet of water-cooled wall, the second outlet of medium-temperature steam generation pipe is connected with the third inlet of high-temperature steam generation pipe, the third outlet of high-temperature steam generation pipe is connected with steam inlet;Meet the preparation process of preparing natural gas using pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of natural gas production technology, and more specifically, relates to a hydrocarbon generation reactor and method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal, a crucial fossil fuel on Earth, originates from the remains of ancient plants. Over tens to hundreds of millions of years of geological processes, it undergoes complex physicochemical evolution, gradually forming different grades of coal and minerals. Peat is the initial product of coalification. In swampy wetland environments, plant remains are partially decomposed and accumulated under anaerobic conditions. The organic matter has not yet fully transformed into coal, remaining a low-calorific-value fuel. As the peat layer is buried by sediments, accompanied by crustal subsidence, temperature and pressure continuously increase, and the peat gradually evolves into lignite. Lignite still has a low calorific value and produces a lot of smoke when burned, primarily used for power generation or as a chemical feedstock. Under sustained higher temperatures and pressures, lignite further removes moisture and volatiles, transforming into dense bituminous coal. Bituminous coal's calorific value increases significantly, and since the Industrial Revolution, it has been one of the most important energy sources, widely used in power generation, coking, and steel smelting. When bituminous coal undergoes more intense metamorphism, its volatile matter further decreases, eventually forming anthracite. Anthracite is the highest grade of coal, but its reserves are limited. Under extreme conditions, the volatiles in anthracite can completely escape, and the carbon crystal structure rearranges, evolving into graphite. Graphite is a mineral resource widely used in industries such as batteries and lubricants.

[0003] During the long process of coal formation, plant remains are gradually transformed into solid fuels of different grades through compaction, dehydration, and carbonization. Furthermore, each metamorphic evolution is accompanied by the generation of another important resource—coalbed methane (CBM). CBM, primarily composed of methane, is long-term stored in the micropores or fractures of the coal seam due to adsorption. As the degree of coalification deepens, the increase in formation temperature and pressure promotes the generation of more methane from organic matter. Its methane content is usually closely related to coal rank, burial depth, and geological structure.

[0004] The formation and enrichment of coalbed methane are controlled by specific geological evolution conditions, and not all coal resources can form coalbed methane reservoirs with economic exploitation value. At the same time, the natural evolution process is lengthy and cannot meet the large-scale and rapid supply demand for clean gas in modern society. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is based on the inventor's research finding that, in the process of preparing natural gas using pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam, pulverized coal and steam are brought into contact in a hydrocarbon generation reactor that accelerates coal metamorphism and evolution under an oxygen-deficient environment to carry out a hydrocarbon generation reaction and obtain hydrocarbon generation products. A hydrocarbon generation reactor and method are proposed for use in the process of preparing natural gas using pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam to carry out a hydrocarbon generation reaction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus, the apparatus comprising: The furnace body is provided with a flue gas passage, which includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream. A mixer and a hydrocarbon generation reaction tube are provided in the lower part of the first section. The mixer is provided with a material inlet, a steam inlet and a reactant outlet. The reactant outlet is connected to the input end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube, and the output end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube is used to connect to a high-temperature deashing device. A steam generator includes a high-temperature steam generating pipe, a medium-temperature steam generating pipe, and a low-temperature steam generating pipe respectively disposed in the first section, the second section, and the third section. The first inlet of the low-temperature steam generating pipe is used for water inlet, and the first outlet of the low-temperature steam generating pipe is used to connect to the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device and output heated water. The second inlet of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe is used to connect to the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall, the second outlet of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe is connected to the third inlet of the high-temperature steam generating pipe, and the third outlet of the high-temperature steam generating pipe is connected to the steam inlet.

[0007] Optionally, the furnace body includes a rectangular box, and a first partition and a second partition are provided inside the box, which divide the box into a first segment, a second segment and a third segment that are connected in sequence.

[0008] Optionally, two of each of the first and second partitions are provided. The lower ends of the two first partitions are connected to the bottom wall of the housing, and the upper ends of the two first partitions form a first channel with the top wall of the housing. The two second partitions are staggered with the two first partitions. The lower ends of the two second partitions form a second channel with the bottom wall of the housing, and the upper ends of the two second partitions are connected to the top wall of the housing. The third segment is formed between the first partition near the downstream of the flue gas channel and the side wall of the housing near the downstream of the flue gas channel. The second segment is formed between two adjacent first partitions. The first segment is formed between the first partition away from the downstream of the flue gas channel and the side wall of the housing away from the downstream of the flue gas channel.

[0009] Optionally, the low-temperature steam generating pipe is provided in two sets, with the two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes respectively located on both sides of a second partition. Each set of low-temperature steam generating pipes is arranged in a serpentine pattern, and the two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes are connected by a low-temperature connecting pipe passing through a second channel.

[0010] Optionally, the medium-temperature steam generating pipe includes a serpentine pipe group and a first distribution pipe group, the serpentine pipe group and the first distribution pipe group are respectively disposed on both sides of a second partition, the serpentine pipe group is connected to the first distribution pipe of the first distribution pipe group through a medium-temperature connecting pipe passing through the second channel, and the first distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through multiple first branch pipes.

[0011] Optionally, the high-temperature steam generating pipe includes a second distribution pipe group, which includes a second distribution pipe, a plurality of second branch pipes, and a second manifold. The second distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through a plurality of distribution connecting pipes, and the second distribution pipe is connected to the second manifold through a plurality of second branch pipes. The interior of the high-temperature steam generating pipe is provided with high thermal conductivity particles.

[0012] Optionally, the mixer includes an outer shell and an inner shell. One end of the inner shell is disposed inside the outer shell and connected to an end plate. A partition is disposed inside the outer shell. A steam chamber with the steam inlet is formed inside one end of the outer shell. The partition is provided with a plurality of first through holes. The end plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes. The inner shell, which is located inside the outer shell, has a plurality of third through holes. The material inlet is disposed at one end of the outer shell and is connected to the end plate through the partition and communicates with the inner shell via a material pipe. The other end of the inner shell is connected to the other end of the outer shell and forms the reactant outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the outer shell is cylindrical, and the inner shell is tapered from upstream to downstream. A spiral guide vane is provided inside the inner shell to form a spiral channel. The third through hole is arranged in a spiral shape to cooperate with the spiral channel, and the axis of the third through hole is aligned with the flow direction of the material in the spiral channel, so that the material and steam are fully mixed and the material flows along the spiral channel.

[0014] Optionally, the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube includes a plurality of U-shaped tube segments connected in sequence; each U-shaped tube segment includes a U-shaped inner tube and two straight outer tubes sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, the reactant outlet is connected to one end of one of the inner tubes, the other end of the inner tube has a connecting hole communicating with the outer tubes, and the two outer tubes are connected by a connecting tube; the output end is located at one end of one of the outer tubes.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for hydrocarbon generation reaction, utilizing the above-mentioned hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus, the method comprising: Water is introduced into the first inlet, heated in the low-temperature steam generator tube to form heated water, and then introduced into the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device through the first outlet; Water that has reached the saturation temperature from the water-cooled wall is input into the second inlet, and after passing through the medium-temperature steam generator pipe and the high-temperature steam generator pipe, it forms steam at the set temperature. Materials and steam are fed into a mixer through material inlet and steam inlet respectively for mixing, heating and conveying to form reactants; The reactants are fed into a hydrocarbon generation reaction tube and heated to induce a hydrocarbon generation reaction.

[0016] This invention provides a hydrocarbon generation reactor and method, the advantages of which are as follows: The hydrocarbon generation reactor divides the flue gas channel inside the furnace into a first section, a second section, and a third section. The mixer and hydrocarbon generation reaction tube are located in the lower part of the first section, where the temperature is highest. The high-temperature steam generation tube, medium-temperature steam generation tube, and low-temperature steam generation tube of the steam generator are respectively located in the upper part of the first section, the second section, and the third section. This allows for the rational distribution and efficient utilization of heat from the flue gas at different stages. For the steam generation section, room-temperature water can enter the low-temperature steam generation tube through the first inlet. After heat exchange with the flue gas at the end of the third section, the emission temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to 70-150℃, meeting environmental emission standards. After heat exchange, the room-temperature water's temperature rises to near its saturation temperature and enters the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device through the first outlet. Since the high-temperature deashing device is connected to the output end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube, it is used to cool the reaction products at a temperature of 600-800℃. The low-temperature steam generation... After heat exchange inside the pipe, the water serves as cooling water, ensuring that the working area of ​​the high-temperature deashing device remains above the water saturation temperature. This prevents over-cooling and avoids condensation of high-temperature steam from the hydrocarbon generation reaction products within the device, which could cause blockages. Simultaneously, the output water temperature at the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall reaches saturation temperature. Water at saturation temperature enters the medium-temperature steam generator through the second inlet, exchanging heat with the flue gas in the second section. The second outlet temperature reaches 400-500℃, and then enters the high-temperature steam generator through the third inlet, exchanging heat with the 1000-1100℃ flue gas in the first section. The third outlet steam temperature rises to 700-1000℃. Steam at this set temperature is input into the steam inlet, while materials are input into the material inlet. The mixture is then mixed, heated, and transported by a mixer to form reactants that enter the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube. The hydrocarbon generation reaction tube is located within the first section and is heated by the flue gas in the first section, resulting in a hydrocarbon generation reaction and the production of reaction products. This process utilizes pulverized coal and ultra-high-temperature steam to produce natural gas.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flue section of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of flue gas flow in a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a low-temperature steam generator tube of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a medium-temperature steam generator tube of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a high-temperature steam generator tube of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the mixer structure of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mixer of a hydrocarbon generation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube of a hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube of a hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 12 A flowchart of a hydrocarbon generation reaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Furnace body; 2. First section; 3. Second section; 4. Third section; 5. Mixer; 6. Hydrocarbon generation reaction tube; 7. Material inlet; 8. Steam inlet; 9. Reactant outlet; 10. High-temperature steam generator tube; 11. Medium-temperature steam generator tube; 12. Low-temperature steam generator tube; 13. First inlet; 14. First outlet; 15. Second inlet; 16. Second outlet; 17. Third inlet; 18. Third outlet; 19. First baffle; 20. Second baffle; 21. First channel; 22. Second channel; 23. Serpentine tube assembly; 24. First distribution tube assembly; 25. Second distribution tube assembly; 26. Outer shell; 27. Inner shell; 28. End plate; 29. ​​Baffle; 30. Steam chamber; 31. First through hole; 32. Second through hole; 33. Third through hole; 34. Material tube; 35. Spiral guide vane; 36. Thickened strip; 37. Inner tube; 38. Outer tube. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus, the apparatus comprising: Furnace body 1, a flue gas passage is provided inside the furnace body 1, the flue gas passage includes a first section 2, a second section 3 and a third section 4 arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream; Mixer 5 and hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6 are located on the upper part of the first section 2. Mixer 5 is provided with material inlet 7, steam inlet 8 and reactant outlet 9. Reactant outlet 9 is connected to the input end of hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6. The output end of hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6 is used to connect to high temperature deashing device. The steam generator includes a high-temperature steam generating pipe 10, a medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11, and a low-temperature steam generating pipe 12, which are respectively installed in the first section 2, the second section 3, and the third section 4. The first inlet 13 of the low-temperature steam generating pipe 12 is used for water intake, and the first outlet 14 of the low-temperature steam generating pipe 12 is used to connect to the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device and output heated water. The second inlet 15 of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11 is used to connect to the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall, the second outlet 16 of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11 is connected to the third inlet 17 of the high-temperature steam generating pipe 10, and the third outlet 18 of the high-temperature steam generating pipe 10 is connected to the steam inlet 8.

[0034] Specifically, to meet the requirements of the natural gas production process using pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam, the hydrocarbon generation reactor provided by this invention divides the flue gas passage within the furnace body 1 into a first section 2, a second section 3, and a third section 4. The mixer 5 and the hydrocarbon generation reaction pipe 6 are located in the first section 2, where the temperature is highest. The high-temperature steam generation pipe 10, the medium-temperature steam generation pipe 11, and the low-temperature steam generation pipe 12 of the steam generator are respectively located in the upper part of the first section 2, the second section 3, and the third section 4. This allows for the rational distribution and efficient utilization of heat from the flue gas at different stages. In the steam generation section, room temperature water enters the low-temperature steam generation pipe 12 through the first inlet 13. After heat exchange with the flue gas at the end of the third section 4, the emission temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to 70-150℃, which meets the environmental emission standards. After heat exchange, the room temperature water rises to near its saturation temperature and enters the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device through the first outlet 14. Since the high-temperature deashing device is connected to the output end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction pipe 6, it is used to cool the reaction products at a temperature of 600-800℃, utilizing the low temperature... After heat exchange within the steam generator tube 12, the water serves as cooling water, ensuring that the operating area of ​​the high-temperature deashing unit remains above the water saturation temperature. This prevents over-cooling and avoids condensation of high-temperature steam from the hydrocarbon generation reaction products within the high-temperature deashing unit, which could cause blockages. Simultaneously, the output water temperature at the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall reaches the saturation temperature. Water reaching saturation temperature can then enter the medium-temperature steam generator tube 11 through the second inlet 15, exchanging heat with the flue gas in the second section 3. The temperature at the second outlet 16 reaches 400-500℃, and then enters the high-temperature section through the third inlet 17. Steam generator 10 exchanges heat with flue gas at 1000-1100℃ in the first section 2, and outputs steam at the third outlet 18 with a temperature of 700-1000℃. Steam at this set temperature is input into steam inlet 8, and materials are input into material inlet 7. They are mixed, heated and transported by mixer 5 to form reactants that enter hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6. Hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6 is located in the first section 2 and is heated by the flue gas in the first section 2 to produce hydrocarbon generation reaction products, thereby realizing the production process of natural gas using pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam.

[0035] Optionally, the furnace body 1 includes a rectangular box, and a first partition 19 and a second partition 20 are provided inside the box. The first partition 19 and the second partition 20 divide the box into a first section 2, a second section 3 and a third section 4 that are connected in sequence.

[0036] Specifically, the rectangular box is the flow space for the flue gas of the furnace body 1. The box is divided into three flue gas channels by the first partition 19 and the second partition 20. The flue gas flows from the first section 2 through the second section 3 to the third section 4, and then is discharged from the third section 4. As heat exchange occurs during the flow of the flue gas, the temperature gradually decreases.

[0037] Optionally, two first partitions 19 and two second partitions 20 are provided. The lower ends of the two first partitions 19 are connected to the bottom wall of the box, and the upper ends of the two first partitions 19 form a first channel 21 between them and the top wall of the box. The two second partitions 20 are staggered with the two first partitions 19. The lower ends of the two second partitions 20 form a second channel 22 between them and the bottom wall of the box, and the upper ends of the two second partitions 20 are connected to the top wall of the box. A third segment 4 is formed between the first partition 19 near the downstream of the flue gas channel and the side wall of the box near the downstream of the flue gas channel. A second segment 3 is formed between two adjacent first partitions 19. A first segment 2 is formed between the first partition 19 away from the downstream of the flue gas channel and the side wall of the box away from the downstream of the flue gas channel.

[0038] Specifically, the first segment 2 is a rectangular space, and the second segment 3 and the third segment 4 form a U-shaped space and an inverted U-shaped space respectively under the action of the first partition 19 and the second partition 20.

[0039] Optionally, two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes 12 are provided, and the two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of a second partition 20. Each set of low-temperature steam generating pipes 12 is arranged in a serpentine pattern, and the two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes 12 are connected by a low-temperature connecting pipe passing through a second channel 22.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, room temperature water can enter from the first inlet 13 of a set of low temperature steam generating pipes 12, pass through a low temperature connecting pipe into another set of low temperature steam generating pipes 12, and flow out from the first outlet 14 of the other set of low temperature steam generating pipes 12 into the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall.

[0041] Optionally, the medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11 includes a serpentine pipe group 23 and a first distribution pipe group 24. The serpentine pipe group 23 and the first distribution pipe group 24 are respectively disposed on both sides of a second partition 20. The serpentine pipe group 23 is connected to the first distribution pipe of the first distribution pipe group 24 through a medium-temperature connecting pipe passing through the second channel 22. The first distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through multiple first branch pipes.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11 adopts a layout of first serpentine pipe group 23 followed by first distribution pipe group 24. The water flowing out of the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall reaches the saturation temperature and enters the second inlet 15 of serpentine pipe group 23. When passing through serpentine pipe group 23, the flow path and heat exchange area are ensured to be large. Then, it enters the first distribution pipe of the first distribution pipe group 24 through the medium-temperature connecting pipe for distribution. After passing through the first distribution pipe, it is distributed to multiple first branch pipes and then flows into the first manifold pipe to ensure uniform temperature performance.

[0043] Optionally, the high-temperature steam generating pipe 10 includes a second distribution pipe group 25, which includes a second distribution pipe, multiple second branch pipes, and a second manifold. The second distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through multiple distribution connecting pipes, and the second distribution pipe is connected to the second manifold through multiple second branch pipes. High thermal conductivity particles are provided inside the high-temperature steam generating pipe.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the high-temperature steam generating pipe 10 adopts the second distribution pipe group 25, and the outlet temperature of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe 11 is 400-500℃. After that, it is redistributed and transmitted through multiple distribution connecting pipes and enters the second distribution pipe. After being distributed through multiple second branch pipes, it enters the second manifold for convergence. During this process, it exchanges heat with the flue gas with a high temperature of 1000-1100℃ in the furnace. The outlet temperature at the third outlet 18 on the second manifold rises to 700-1000℃. The high thermal conductivity particles can be made of magnesium oxide or aluminum oxide and can be set in the second distribution pipe group 25. It can quickly raise the steam temperature to the required temperature, save heating time, improve heating efficiency, and increase the heating efficiency of high-temperature steam by more than 80%.

[0045] Optionally, the mixer 5 includes an outer shell 26 and an inner shell 27. One end of the inner shell 27 is located inside the outer shell 26 and connected to an end plate 28. A partition 29 is provided inside the outer shell 26, forming a steam chamber 30 with a steam inlet 8 inside one end of the outer shell. The partition 29 is provided with multiple first through holes 31, and the end plate 28 is provided with multiple second through holes 32. The inner shell 27, located inside the outer shell 26, has multiple third through holes 33. The material inlet 7 is located at one end of the outer shell 26 and is connected to the end plate 28 through the partition 29 via a material pipe 34 and communicates with the inner shell 27. The other end of the inner shell 27 is connected to the other end of the outer shell 26 and forms a reactant outlet 9.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the high-temperature steam produced by the third outlet 18 on the high-temperature steam generating pipe 10 of the steam generator enters the steam chamber 30 through the steam inlet 8. It is distributed in the steam chamber 30 and passes through the partition 29 through multiple first through holes 31. Part of it enters the interlayer between the inner shell 27 and the outer shell 26 and then enters the inner shell 27 through multiple third through holes 33. Another part passes through the end plate 28 through multiple second through holes 32 and enters the inner shell 27. The material enters the inner shell 27 directly through the material inlet 7, the material pipe 34, the steam chamber 30 and the end plate 28, mixes with the high-temperature steam, and is heated and transported. The reactants formed enter the hydrocarbon generation reaction pipe 6 through the reactant outlet 9 to carry out the hydrocarbon generation reaction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the materials include pulverized coal, and the reaction products include methane.

[0048] Optionally, the outer shell 26 is cylindrical, and the inner shell 27 is tapered from upstream to downstream. The inner shell 27 is provided with a spiral guide vane 35 to form a spiral channel. The third through hole 33 is arranged in a spiral shape to match the spiral channel, and the axis of the third through hole 33 matches the flow direction of the material in the spiral channel, so that the material and steam are fully mixed and the material flows along the spiral channel.

[0049] Specifically, the material and steam inside the inner shell 27 are conveyed along the spiral path under the action of the spiral guide vane 35. The third through hole 33 on the wall of the inner shell 27 is arranged in a spiral shape along the spiral channel, so that the steam enters in a distributed lateral manner. At the same time, the axis of the third through hole 33 is matched with the flow direction of the material in the spiral channel. The third channel guides the steam, so that the steam entry direction can help the material be spirally conveyed in the inner shell 27.

[0050] In this embodiment, a spiral thickening strip 36 is provided on the outer periphery of the inner shell 27, and a third through hole 33 is provided on the thickening strip 36. The thickening strip 36 increases the axial length of the third through hole 33 and improves the guiding effect of the third through hole 33.

[0051] Optionally, the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6 includes a plurality of U-shaped tube segments connected in sequence; the U-shaped tube segment includes a U-shaped inner tube 37 and two straight outer tubes 38 sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 37, the reactant outlet 9 is connected to one end of one inner tube 37, the other end of the inner tube 37 is provided with a connecting hole that communicates with the outer tube 38, and the two outer tubes 38 are connected by a connecting tube; the output end is located at one end of one outer tube 38.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the two outer pipes 38 of each U-shaped pipe segment are respectively fitted outside the two straight pipe segments of the inner pipe 37 of the U-shape, forming a countercurrent jacket. The reactants enter the inner pipe 37 through the reactant outlet 9, flow through the inner pipe 37 and then through the connecting hole into the countercurrent jacket, and flow along the countercurrent jacket, and then enter the inner pipe 37 of the next U-shaped pipe segment. This arrangement can increase the flow path length of the reactants, improve the heat utilization rate and heat exchange effect. The upstream U-shaped pipe segment is connected to the reactant outlet 9 at one end of its inner pipe 37, and the reactants enter from there. The downstream U-shaped pipe segment forms a product outlet at one end of its inner pipe 37 for outputting the reaction products.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inner cross-section of the inner tube 37 is the same as the cross-sectional area of ​​the reflux jacket, which allows the reactants to flow stably and at a uniform temperature, saving space.

[0054] like Figure 12As shown, the present invention also provides a hydrocarbon generation reaction method, utilizing the above-described hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus, the method comprising: Water is introduced into the first inlet 13, heated in the low-temperature steam generating pipe 12 to form heated water, and then introduced into the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device through the first outlet 14. Water that has reached the saturation temperature from the water-cooled wall is input into the second inlet 15, and after passing through the medium-temperature steam generator pipe 11 and the high-temperature steam generator pipe 10, it forms steam at the set temperature. The materials and steam are fed into the mixer 5 through the material inlet 7 and the steam inlet 8, respectively, for mixing, heating and conveying to form reactants; The reactants are fed into hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6 and heated to induce a hydrocarbon generation reaction.

[0055] In summary, the hydrocarbon generation reaction method provided by this invention utilizes the aforementioned hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus. Taking the one-time production of natural gas from pulverized coal and ultra-high temperature steam as an example: steam is generated by a steam generator, and room temperature water is first introduced into the low-temperature steam generation pipe 12 through the first inlet 13. Heat exchange occurs in the third section 4 flue gas channel, and the room temperature water reaches near its saturation temperature after heat exchange, forming heated water. This heated water is used as the cooling liquid for the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device, which is a reaction product. This avoids the cooling liquid temperature from becoming too low and also uses the reaction product to heat the heated water, ensuring that the water temperature at the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall reaches its saturation temperature. The water at its saturation temperature... The medium-temperature steam is fed into the medium-temperature steam generator 11, where it undergoes heat exchange in the second section 3 flue gas channel, reaching an outlet temperature of 400-500℃. It then enters the high-temperature steam generator 10 for further heat exchange in the first section 2 flue gas channel, where the steam temperature rises to 700-1000℃ at the third outlet 18, forming steam at the set temperature. The steam at the set temperature and pulverized coal are fed into the mixer 5 through the material inlet 7 and steam inlet 8, respectively, for mixing, heating, and conveying, forming reactants. The reactants enter the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube 6, where they flow, are heated in the first section 2 flue gas channel, and undergo a hydrocarbon generation reaction, producing reaction products primarily composed of methane.

[0056] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes: The furnace body is provided with a flue gas passage, which includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream. A mixer and a hydrocarbon generation reaction tube are provided in the lower part of the first section. The mixer is provided with a material inlet, a steam inlet and a reactant outlet. The reactant outlet is connected to the input end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube, and the output end of the hydrocarbon generation reaction tube is used to connect to a high-temperature deashing device. A steam generator includes a high-temperature steam generating pipe, a medium-temperature steam generating pipe, and a low-temperature steam generating pipe respectively disposed in the upper part of the first section, the second section, and the third section. The first inlet of the low-temperature steam generating pipe is used for water inlet, and the first outlet of the low-temperature steam generating pipe is used to connect to the cooling inlet of the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device and output heated water. The second inlet of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe is used to connect to the cooling outlet of the water-cooled wall, the second outlet of the medium-temperature steam generating pipe is connected to the third inlet of the high-temperature steam generating pipe, and the third outlet of the high-temperature steam generating pipe is connected to the steam inlet.

2. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body includes a rectangular box, and a first partition and a second partition are provided inside the box. The first partition and the second partition divide the box into a first segment, a second segment and a third segment that are connected in sequence.

3. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two first partitions and two second partitions are provided. The lower ends of the two first partitions are connected to the bottom wall of the housing, and the upper ends of the two first partitions form a first channel with the top wall of the housing. The two second partitions are staggered with the two first partitions. The lower ends of the two second partitions form a second channel with the bottom wall of the housing, and the upper ends of the two second partitions are connected to the top wall of the housing. The first partition near the downstream of the flue gas channel forms the third segment with the side wall of the housing near the downstream of the flue gas channel. The second segment is formed between two adjacent first partitions. The first partition away from the downstream of the flue gas channel forms the first segment with the side wall of the housing away from the downstream of the flue gas channel.

4. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-temperature steam generating pipes are provided in two sets, which are respectively located on both sides of a second partition. Each set of low-temperature steam generating pipes is arranged in a serpentine pattern, and the two sets of low-temperature steam generating pipes are connected by a low-temperature connecting pipe passing through a second channel.

5. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The medium-temperature steam generating pipe includes a serpentine pipe group and a first distribution pipe group. The serpentine pipe group and the first distribution pipe group are respectively arranged on both sides of a second partition. The serpentine pipe group is connected to the first distribution pipe of the first distribution pipe group through a medium-temperature connecting pipe passing through the second channel. The first distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through multiple first branch pipes.

6. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature steam generating pipe includes a second distribution pipe group, which includes a second distribution pipe, multiple second branch pipes, and a second manifold. The second distribution pipe is connected to the first manifold through multiple distribution connecting pipes, and the second distribution pipe is connected to the second manifold through multiple second branch pipes. The interior of the high-temperature steam generating pipe is provided with high thermal conductivity particles.

7. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixer includes an outer shell and an inner shell. One end of the inner shell is located inside the outer shell and connected to an end plate. A partition is provided inside the outer shell. A steam chamber with the steam inlet is formed inside the outer shell at one end. The partition has multiple first through holes, and the end plate has multiple second through holes. The inner shell, located inside the outer shell, has multiple third through holes. The material inlet is located at one end of the outer shell and is connected to the end plate through the partition and communicates with the inner shell via a material pipe. The other end of the inner shell is connected to the other end of the outer shell and forms the reactant outlet.

8. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer shell is cylindrical, and the inner shell is tapered from upstream to downstream. A spiral guide vane is provided inside the inner shell to form a spiral channel. The third through hole is arranged in a spiral shape to cooperate with the spiral channel, and the axis of the third through hole is aligned with the flow direction of the material in the spiral channel, so that the material and steam are fully mixed and the material flows along the spiral channel.

9. The hydrocarbon generation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrocarbon generation reaction tube includes multiple U-shaped tube segments connected in sequence; each U-shaped tube segment includes a U-shaped inner tube and two straight outer tubes sleeved on the outside of the inner tube; the reactant outlet is connected to one end of one of the inner tubes; the other end of the inner tube has a connecting hole that communicates with the outer tubes; the two outer tubes are connected by a connecting tube; the output end is located at one end of one of the outer tubes.

10. A method for hydrocarbon generation reaction, utilizing the hydrocarbon generation reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Water is introduced into the first inlet, heated in the low-temperature steam generator tube to form heated water, and then introduced into the water-cooled wall of the high-temperature deashing device through the first outlet; Water that has reached the saturation temperature from the water-cooled wall is input into the second inlet, and after passing through the medium-temperature steam generator pipe and the high-temperature steam generator pipe, it forms steam at the set temperature. Materials and steam are fed into a mixer through material inlet and steam inlet, respectively, for mixing, heating, and conveying to form reactants; The reactants are fed into a hydrocarbon generation reaction tube and heated to induce a hydrocarbon generation reaction.

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