Automatic modular quick-opening reaction kettle for solid-state hydrogen storage and its feeding and discharging mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic modular quick-opening reaction kettle for solid-state hydrogen storage and a feeding and discharging mechanism thereof, and relates to the technical field of reaction kettle. The reaction kettle comprises a kettle body, a heat-insulation sandwich shell is arranged on the periphery of the kettle body, a heating structure and a heat-insulation layer are arranged in the sandwich between the heat-insulation sandwich shell and the kettle body, a gap in the sandwich forms a heat exchange medium flow channel, and an inner tube support is detachably arranged in the inner cavity of the kettle body. The hydrogen storage rod comprises a hydrogen storage rod cylinder body, elastic plugging of the open end of the hydrogen storage rod cylinder body is realized through a hydrogen storage rod filter screen assembly, and an inner screen cylinder is arranged in the hydrogen storage rod cylinder body. An inlet end of the kettle body is provided with a quick-opening door assembly, the quick-opening door assembly comprises two opposite quick-opening door clamps, and the reaction kettle blind plate sent into the inlet end of the kettle body is sealed and connected with the flange of the inlet end of the kettle body through the two quick-opening door clamps moving towards each other. The application has the advantages that the temperature control rate of the reaction kettle is improved, the quick switching of the reaction kettle blind plate and the quick feeding and discharging of the hydrogen storage rod are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy reaction equipment technology, and in particular to an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage and its loading and unloading mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, solid-state hydrogen storage reactors mainly suffer from the following drawbacks: 1. Most reactors use blind flange sealing. Disassembly requires manual removal of multiple bolts, which is labor-intensive. If working in an area with an explosion hazard, the risk is high. Some reactors use quick-opening doors, but the overall size is often too large and the quick-opening door structure is complex. Most of them require hydraulic drive to move the quick-opening door, which is cumbersome. The hydraulic piping also requires a hydraulic station, resulting in poor flexibility. 2. The heating method of the reactor mostly uses heat transfer oil. The heating of heat transfer oil is limited, with a maximum temperature of about 320℃, which cannot meet the reaction temperature of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials. When magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials release hydrogen, they usually need to be above 300℃. The higher the temperature, the faster the hydrogen release rate. Although heat transfer oil can be heated to 320℃, in actual applications, considering heat transfer loss, the actual temperature that can be transferred to the reactor is much lower than this value. It cannot meet the hydrogen release requirements of most magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials. When the solid hydrogen storage material being heated needs to be heated to a higher temperature, the heat transfer oil system cannot meet the requirements. 3. Reactor cooling is mostly achieved through natural heat dissipation or air cooling. Natural heat dissipation has the problems of poor cooling effect and long cooling time. Air cooling usually involves placing a single fan outside the reactor insulation layer, which has poor air cooling effect. The cold fluid has to pass through the insulation layer to cool the inside of the reactor, so the cooling effect is very limited. 4. The filling of materials inside the reactor is generally done manually. This manual filling method has the problems of high labor intensity and high risk. 5. When multiple reactors are working in a group, the material transfer between the reactors is mostly done manually, which is labor-intensive and dangerous. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage and its loading and unloading mechanism.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage includes a reactor body, an insulated jacket shell surrounding the reactor body, a heating structure and an insulation layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside in the jacket formed between the insulated jacket shell and the reactor body, a heat exchange medium flow channel formed in the gap within the jacket, and an inner tube support for supporting the solid hydrogen rod detachably installed in the inner cavity of the reactor body. The hydrogen solidification rod includes a hydrogen solidification rod cylinder. The opening end of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder is elastically sealed by a hydrogen solidification rod filter assembly. The hydrogen solidification rod cylinder has an inner mesh cylinder inside. The opening end of the inner mesh cylinder is sealed by an inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly, and elastic pressure is applied to the internal solid hydrogen storage material. The inlet end of the vessel is equipped with a quick-opening door assembly, which includes two quick-opening door clamps that are arranged opposite each other and can move towards or away from each other. The two quick-opening door clamps that move towards each other seal the reactor blind plate fed from the inlet end of the vessel with the flange at the inlet end of the vessel. At the same time, the elastic pushing mechanism on one side of the reactor blind plate pushes the hydrogen solidification rod filter screen assembly to allow air to pass through the inside and outside of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned reactor, the reactor body has a closed end opposite to the inlet end, and a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe is provided on the outside of the closed end of the reactor body. The inner cavity of the reactor body has an inner limiting pipe connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe on the inside of the closed end. The inner limiting pipe has multiple vent holes on its circumference and is used to block and limit the end of the hydrogen solidification rod. The heating structure includes multiple heating tubes spaced circumferentially along the outer wall of the vessel. The length of the heating tubes extends along the axial direction of the vessel. Each heating tube is embedded in a groove of the heater mounting bracket, and multiple heating tubes are circumferentially fixed on the outer periphery of the vessel by several heating tube fixing straps.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned reactor, the two ends of the heat-insulating jacket shell are respectively provided with heat-insulating jacket end plates, and the two heat-insulating jacket end plates are respectively provided with heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet. The heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange medium flow channel, and a heat exchange medium inlet valve is provided outside the heat exchange medium inlet.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned reactor, the hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly includes a filter sealing plate. A filter plate is connected to the inner side of the filter sealing plate via a filter spring. A hydrogen-fixing rod end is fixed to the open end of the hydrogen-fixing rod cylinder. The inner channel of the hydrogen-fixing rod end has two stepped surfaces, inner and outer. A hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring is detachably press-fitted onto the outer stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end. The hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly is located between the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring and the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end. Under the elastic force of the filter spring, the filter plate presses against the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end, and the filter sealing plate presses against the inner side of the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring. The filter sealing plate has a ring of openings at the point where it overlaps with the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring, and the ring of openings is sealed by the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned reactor, the inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly includes a mesh cylinder pressure plate. A mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate is connected to the outside of the mesh cylinder pressure plate via a mesh cylinder pressure plate spring. Multiple protrusions are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate. Multiple L-shaped grooves are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner mesh cylinder opening end. Each L-shaped groove includes a perpendicular axial guide section and a circumferential limiting section. The multiple protrusions and multiple L-shaped grooves are engaged and connected in a one-to-one manner to achieve a detachable connection between the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate and the inner mesh cylinder opening end.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned reactor, in the quick-opening door assembly, the two quick-opening door clamps are two arc-shaped blocks with opposite openings. The opposite side of the two quick-opening door clamps is the inner side. An arc-shaped groove is opened in the middle of the inner side of the two quick-opening door clamps. The cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped groove is a trapezoid with an flared opening end. The two inclined sidewalls of the arc-shaped groove are respectively inclined to fit with the end faces of the reactor blind plate and the inlet flange of the reactor body that are opposite to each other.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned reactor, the two quick-opening door clamps are driven to move towards or away from each other by a quick-opening door drive mechanism. The two quick-opening door clamps are arranged in an up-down relative manner. The quick-opening door drive mechanism can be either a first quick-opening door drive mechanism or a second quick-opening door drive mechanism. The first quick-opening door drive mechanism includes a quick-opening door mounting frame. The quick-opening door mounting frame has two lead screws, which extend vertically and are rotatably mounted on the quick-opening door mounting frame. Each lead screw has two sections of threads with opposite directions. The upper quick-opening door clamp has two upper connecting blocks on the upper side, which are threaded to the upper threaded sections of the two lead screws through lifting nuts. The lower quick-opening door clamp has two lower connecting blocks on the lower side, which are threaded to the lower threaded sections of the two lead screws through lifting nuts. Slider blocks are provided on the outer sides of the two upper connecting blocks and the two lower connecting blocks. The quick-opening door mounting frame has two vertically extending guide posts on the left and right. The two sliders on the same side slide with the corresponding guide posts. The quick-opening door drive motor and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism drive the two lead screws to rotate synchronously. The second quick-opening door drive mechanism includes two sets of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies arranged in a left-right orientation. Each set of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies includes a quick-opening door mounting bracket and two quick-opening door cylinders mounted on the quick-opening door mounting bracket and arranged vertically opposite each other. The piston rods of the upper and lower quick-opening door cylinders extend upward and downward, respectively. The upper side of the upper quick-opening door clamp is hinged to the piston rods of the two upper quick-opening door cylinders through two connecting pieces, and the lower side of the lower quick-opening door clamp is hinged to the piston rods of the two lower quick-opening door cylinders through two connecting pieces.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a loading and unloading mechanism for a reactor, wherein the reactor is the above-mentioned automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage, and the loading and unloading mechanism includes a conveying mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The conveying mechanism is located outside the inlet end of the reactor body. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying frame, on which a conveying slider mounting frame is slidably mounted. The conveying slider mounting frame can slide along the direction close to or away from the inlet end of the reactor body. The reactor blind plate is mounted on the conveying slider mounting frame. A hydrogen solidification rod dragging frame is provided at the bottom of the reactor blind plate on the side facing the reactor body. The hydrogen solidification rod is sent into or dragged out of the reactor cavity through the hydrogen solidification rod dragging frame. The conveying slider mounting frame and the reactor blind plate are respectively provided with interconnected detection gas channels. The conveying slider mounting frame is equipped with a temperature transmitter and a pressure transmitter for detecting the gas temperature and pressure in the detection gas channels. The lifting mechanism is located between the inlet end of the vessel and the blind plate of the reactor and is set close to the inlet end of the vessel. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting mounting plate that can be raised and lowered. The lifting mounting plate is provided with two lifting blocks that are opposite each other on the left and right. The inner side of the top of the two lifting blocks is provided with an inclined lifting mounting surface. The lifting mounting surface is provided with a lifting guide ball. The hydrogen solidification rod entering and exiting the inlet end of the vessel is provided with auxiliary rolling support through the lifting guide ball on the two lifting mounting surfaces.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the loading and unloading mechanism of the aforementioned reactor, the elastic pushing mechanism is located on the side of the reactor blind plate facing the reactor body. The elastic pushing mechanism includes an annular top plate, which is installed on one side of the reactor blind plate through multiple sets of elastic guide support structures. The multiple sets of elastic guide support structures elastically push the annular top plate away from the reactor blind plate. A push rod is also fixedly provided on the side of the reactor blind plate facing the reactor body. The push rod is located in the central hole of the annular top plate. When the annular top plate is compressed, the end of the push rod protrudes from the outer surface of the annular top plate and pushes the filter screen top column on the outside of the filter screen sealing plate, so that the opening of the filter screen sealing plate is separated from the hydrogen solidification rod pressure ring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the loading and unloading mechanism of the above-mentioned reactor, the loading and unloading mechanism further includes a transport mechanism, which adopts either a first operating mechanism or a second operating mechanism. The first transport mechanism is located on one side of the conveying mechanism and includes a transport elevator. The lifting platform of the transport elevator is equipped with a transport frame. Two transport slider mounting plates are slidably installed on the transport frame. The sliding direction of the two transport slider mounting plates is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveying slider mounting frame of the conveying mechanism. The transport slider mounting plates are equipped with transport blocks, and the solid hydrogen rods are supported by the V-shaped grooves on the two transport blocks. The second operating mechanism includes a conveyor track, a robotic arm, and a conveyor belt. The conveyor track is located at the bottom of the conveyor mechanism, and the extension direction of the conveyor track is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveyor slider mounting frame of the conveyor mechanism. The conveyor belt is located at the end of the conveyor track and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveyor track. The robotic arm is located on one side at the junction of the conveyor track and the conveyor belt. The conveyor frame of the conveyor mechanism can slide back and forth along the conveyor track. The robotic arm enables the picking and placing of hydrogen rods between the conveyor mechanism and the conveyor belt.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: 1. This invention provides an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage. By setting a heating structure and an insulation layer in the jacket, the heating structure is in direct contact with the outer wall of the reactor, resulting in fast heat transfer and low heat loss. The heating structure adopts the form of an electric heating tube, which can heat to above 1000°C, thereby raising the material in the reactor to a higher temperature to meet the hydrogen charging and discharging temperature requirements of hydrogen storage materials. At the same time, by setting a heat exchange medium flow channel in the jacket, the high temperature of the reactor can be carried away more directly, improving the cooling rate.

[0015] 2. The present invention provides an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage, wherein an inner tube support for supporting the solid hydrogen rod is detachably installed inside the reactor, which avoids the solid hydrogen rod from directly contacting and wearing the reactor body. When the inner tube support is worn, it can be directly replaced, which greatly saves costs.

[0016] 3. The present invention provides an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage, which is equipped with a quick-opening door assembly at the inlet end of the reactor body. Two quick-opening door clamps moving in opposite directions seal the reactor blind plate fed from the inlet end of the reactor body to the flange at the inlet end of the reactor body, realizing the rapid opening or sealing of the reactor inlet end. It eliminates the need for personnel to disassemble a large number of bolts on site, solving the problems of large workload for opening and closing the door, large opening and closing door structure size, and cumbersome hydraulic drive piping in the prior art, thus improving the efficiency and safety of opening and closing the door.

[0017] 4. The present invention provides an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage, wherein the solid hydrogen rod includes a solid hydrogen rod cylinder and an inner mesh cylinder located inside the solid hydrogen rod cylinder. The inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly achieves the sealing of the opening end of the inner mesh cylinder and the elastic pressure on the internal solid hydrogen storage material. The solid hydrogen rod filter assembly achieves the elastic sealing of the opening end of the solid hydrogen rod cylinder, ensuring the convenience of filling the hydrogen storage material. At the same time, when the quick-opening door assembly is closed, the solid hydrogen rod filter assembly is pushed by the elastic pushing mechanism on one side of the reactor blind plate to allow air to pass through the inside and outside of the solid hydrogen rod cylinder, realizing the smooth airflow inside and outside the solid hydrogen rod cylinder located in the reactor, facilitating the entry and exit of hydrogen gas into and out of the solid hydrogen rod cylinder.

[0018] 5. The loading and unloading mechanism of the above-mentioned reactor provided by the present invention, by setting a conveying mechanism and a lifting mechanism, realizes the automatic entry and exit of hydrogen solid rods into and out of the reactor, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of loading and unloading; and when used in conjunction with the quick-opening door assembly, it realizes the functions of automatically sealing or opening the reactor blind flange at the inlet end of the reactor body, as well as automatically opening the ventilation for hydrogen solid rods entering the reactor body and automatically sealing the hydrogen solid rods exiting the reactor body.

[0019] 6. The loading and unloading mechanism of the above-mentioned reactor provided by the present invention, by setting up a carrying mechanism and cooperating with the conveying mechanism, realizes the rapid transfer of hydrogen solidification rods and improves working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reactor, conveying mechanism, and hydrogen fixation rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the reactor of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional half-sectional view of the reaction vessel of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydrogen fixation rod of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the inner mesh cylinder of the hydrogen-fixing rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the vessel body and hydrogen solidification rod in the open state of the quick-opening door assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the vessel body and hydrogen solidification rod in the closed state of the quick-opening door assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of point A.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a partial perspective view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Longitudinal section view taken from the elastic guide support structure.

[0034] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 A longitudinal section taken from the airway being inspected.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a perspective view of the first quick-opening door drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a perspective view of the second quick-opening door drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a perspective view of the first lifting drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of the second lifting drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 20 This is a perspective view of the heating structure of the present invention installed on a reactor.

[0040] Figure 21 This is a perspective view of the inner tube support of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 22 This is a perspective view of the first operating mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 23 This is a perspective view of the second operating mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Numbering on the map: 1. Reactor; 2. Quick-opening door assembly; 3. Hydrogen solidification rod; 4. Conveying mechanism; 5. Lifting mechanism; 6. First transport mechanism; 7. Conveying frame; 8. Reactor frame; 9. Conveying track; 10. Conveyor belt; 11. Robotic arm; 1-1 Inlet flange; 1-2 Heat exchange medium exhaust port; 1-3 Insulated jacket shell; 1-4 Heating tube; 1-5 Insulation layer; 1-6 Insulation layer support; 1-7 Insulation jacket end plate; 1-8 Insulation jacket sealing gasket; 1-9 Heat exchange medium inlet; 1-10 Heat exchange medium inlet valve; 1-11 Hydrogen inlet / outlet; 1-12 Reactor tail support; 1-13 Inner limit tube; 1-14 Inner tube support; 1-15 Reactor body; 1-16 Heating tube fixing band; 1-17 Transition section; 1-18 Tube support mounting plate; 1-19 Reactor front support; 1-20 Reactor sealing gasket; 1-21 Heater mounting bracket; 1-22 Hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe; 1-23 Closed end; 2-1 Quick-opening door clamp; 2-2 Arc groove; 2-3 Inclined side wall; 2-4 Quick-opening door mounting frame; 2-5 Lead screw; 2-6 Upper connecting block; 2-7 Lifting nut; 2-8 Slider; 2-9 Guide post; 2-10 Quick-opening door drive motor; 2-11 Primary synchronous belt; 2-12 Secondary synchronous belt; 2-13 Quick-opening door cylinder assembly; 2-14 Quick-opening door mounting bracket; 2-15 Quick-opening door cylinder; 2-16 Connecting piece; 3-1 Hydrogen-fixing rod end cap; 3-2 Hydrogen storage material; 3-3 Hydrogen-fixing rod sealing ring; 3-4 Hydrogen-fixing rod end; 3-5 Hydrogen-fixing rod cylinder; 3-6 Inner mesh cylinder; 3-7 Hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly; 3-71 Filter top post; 3-72 Filter sealing plate; 3-73 Filter spring; 3-74 Filter plate; 3-8 Hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring; 3-9 Inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly; 3-91 Mesh cylinder pressure plate handle; 3-92 Mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate; 3-93 Mesh cylinder pressure plate; 3-94 Mesh cylinder pressure plate spring; 3-95 L-shaped groove; 3-96 Protrusion; 4-1 Conveyor slider mounting frame; 4-2 Conveyor mounting plate; 4-3 Conveyor rack; 4-4 Conveyor motor; 4-5 Conveyor gear; 4-6 Reactor blind flange; 4-7 Hydrogen rod dragging frame; 4-8 Hook plate; 4-9 Detection gas channel; 4-10 Temperature transmitter; 4-11 Pressure transmitter; 4-12 Limit switch; 4-13 Annular top plate; 4-14 Elastic guide support structure; 4-15 Guide cylinder; 4-16 Guide spring; 4-17 Guide rod; 4-18 Top rod; 5-1 Lifting mounting plate; 5-2 Lifting block; 5-3 Lifting mounting surface; 5-4 Lifting guide ball; 5-5 First cylinder mounting bracket; 5-6 First lifting cylinder; 5-7 Slider guide rail guiding mechanism; 5-8 Second cylinder mounting bracket; 5-9 Second lifting cylinder; 5-10 Linear bearing guiding structure; 6-1 Transport lift vehicle; 6-2 Transport frame; 6-3 Transport drive motor; 6-4 Transport guide rail; 6-5 Transport slider mounting plate; 6-6 Transport support block. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0045] See Figures 1 to 23This embodiment discloses an automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage, including a reactor body 1-15. The reactor body 1-15 is surrounded by an insulated jacket shell 1-3. The jacket formed between the insulated jacket shell 1-3 and the reactor body 1-15 has a heating structure and an insulation layer 1-5 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The gap in the jacket forms a heat exchange medium flow channel. The inner cavity of the reactor body 1-15 is detachably provided with an inner tube support 1-14 for supporting the solid hydrogen rod 3.

[0046] The vessel body 1-15 consists of a main body section, a transition section 1-17, and an inlet section. The main body section of the vessel body 1-15 is a constant diameter section, the transition section 1-17 is a flared, variable diameter section, and an inlet flange 1-1 is installed at the outer end of the inlet section. An insulation jacket shell 1-3 is installed around the main body section of the vessel body 1-15. Insulation layer supports 1-6 are welded to both ends of the outer side of the main body section of the vessel body 1-15 along the axial direction. The heating structure and the insulation layer 1-5 are both located between the two insulation layer supports 1-6.

[0047] The insulation jacket shell 1-3 can be designed as a split structure consisting of two separate shells joined together. The two separate shells are connected by screws to achieve a detachable connection, which facilitates disassembly and thus facilitates the disassembly, assembly, maintenance and repair of the internal heating structure and insulation layer 1-5. Insulation jacket shell 1-3 has insulation jacket end plates 1-7 at both ends. Insulation jacket sealing gasket 1-8 is provided between insulation jacket end plates 1-7 and insulation jacket shell 1-3. Heat exchange medium inlet 1-9 and heat exchange medium exhaust port 1-2 are provided on the two insulation jacket end plates 1-7 respectively. Heat exchange medium inlet 1-9 and heat exchange medium exhaust port 1-2 are respectively connected to both ends of heat exchange medium flow channel. Heat exchange medium inlet valve 1-10 is provided outside heat exchange medium inlet 1-9. The heat exchange medium can be air, nitrogen or other gases. The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange medium flow channel through the inlet of heat exchange medium inlet valve 1-10 and then flows out of the heat exchange medium flow channel through heat exchange medium exhaust port 1-2. The heat exchange medium has two functions. First, when the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15 is overheated, a low-temperature heat exchange medium is blown in. This is done by opening the heat exchange medium inlet valve 1-10 and blowing the low-temperature heat exchange medium into the heat exchange medium flow channel to carry away the heat, thereby rapidly cooling the vessel body 1-15. Second, a high-temperature heat exchange medium can be blown in to preheat the vessel body 1-15 before turning on each heating tube 1-4, which can reduce system energy consumption.

[0048] The heating structure includes multiple heating tubes 1-4 spaced circumferentially along the outer wall of the vessel body 1-15. The length of each heating tube 1-4 extends axially along the vessel body 1-15. Each heating tube 1-4 is embedded in a groove of a heater mounting bracket 1-21, and multiple heating tubes 1-4 are circumferentially fixed to the outer circumference of the vessel body 1-15 by several heating tube fixing straps 1-16. Stainless steel cable ties can be used to bind the heating tubes 1-4. The heater mounting bracket 1-21 can be a strip bracket with a trapezoidal cross-section, and the heating tubes 1-4 are square. The groove wall of the heater mounting bracket 1-21 provides three load surfaces for the square heating tubes 1-4. The two ends of the heater mounting bracket 1-21 are welded to the inner sides of two insulation layer brackets 1-6, and the heater mounting bracket 1-21 is in close contact with the outer wall of the vessel body 1-15. When the inner cavity of reactor 1 needs to be heated, the heating tubes 1-4 are turned on. Heat is transferred to the hydrogen storage material 3-2 inside the hydrogen solidification rod 3 through heat conduction, heat convection, and other heat transfer methods, thereby controlling the absorption or release of hydrogen by the hydrogen storage material 3-2. The function of the insulation layer 1-5 is to prevent heat from dissipating outward from the reactor body 1-15. A secondary insulation layer can also be installed around the outer shell 1-3 of the insulation jacket to further lock in the temperature.

[0049] The inner tube support 1-14 is a curved plate that fits against the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15. One end of the inner tube support 1-14 has a mounting flange with multiple mounting holes. A tube support mounting plate 1-18 is welded to the transition section 1-17 of the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15. The mounting holes of the mounting flange and the tube support mounting plate 1-18 are connected by screws for a detachable connection. The inner tube support 1-14 can be made of a high-temperature resistant material with good thermal conductivity and lubricity, such as a heat-resistant copper alloy. The hydrogen-fixing rod 3 is supported by the inner curved support surface of the inner tube support 1-14. When the inner tube support 1-14 is damaged due to repeated friction between the hydrogen-fixing rod 3 and the inner tube support 1-14, a new inner tube support 1-14 can be replaced. Because the inner tube support 1-14 is made of a high-temperature resistant material with good thermal conductivity and lubricity, it has good thermal conductivity; and since the inner tube support 1-14 is a separate component independent of the vessel body 1-15, it can be designed with an arc shape that matches the hydrogen solidification rod 3, thereby increasing the contact area with the hydrogen solidification rod 3; therefore, during heating, heat can be transferred to the hydrogen solidification rod 3 more quickly; during cooling, the heat in the hydrogen solidification rod 3 can be dissipated quickly, effectively saving energy and shortening working time.

[0050] The vessel body 1-15 has a closed end 1-23 on the opposite side of the inlet end. A hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 1-22 is provided on the outside of the closed end 1-23 of the vessel body 1-15. The outer port of the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 1-22 forms a hydrogen inlet / outlet port 1-11. The inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15 has an inner limiting pipe 1-13 connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 1-22 on the inside side of the closed end 1-23. The inner limiting pipe 1-13 has multiple air holes on its circumference. The inner limiting pipe 1-13 is used to block and limit the end of the hydrogen solidification rod 3. Hydrogen enters and exits the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15 through the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 1-22 at the tail end, and flows evenly into the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15 through the air holes on the inner limiting pipe 1-13. The bottom of the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 1-22 is provided with a reactor tail support 1-12, and the bottom of the transition section 1-17 of the reactor body 1-15 is provided with a reactor front support 1-19. The reactor front support 1-19 and the reactor tail support 1-12 together support the reactor 1 and fix the reactor 1 on the reactor frame 8 below.

[0051] The hydrogen solidification rod 3 includes a solidification rod cylinder 3-5. A hydrogen solidification rod filter assembly 3-7 provides elastic sealing to the open end of the cylinder 3-5. The cylinder 3-5 contains an inner mesh cylinder 3-6, which can be made of stainless steel tubing with several small holes on its outer wall. These holes serve as channels for hydrogen to enter and exit the inner cavity of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6. A layer of stainless steel mesh, such as a 200-mesh mesh, can be attached to the inner wall of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6 to prevent dust formed during the charging and discharging of the hydrogen storage material 3-2 from flowing out of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6. An inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly 3-9 seals the open end of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6 and provides elastic pressure against the internal solid hydrogen storage material 3-2. After the inner mesh cylinder 3-6 is filled with the hydrogen storage material 3-2 blocks, it is sealed by the inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly 3-9.

[0052] The hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly 3-7 includes a filter sealing plate 3-72, a filter top post 3-71 on the outer side of the filter sealing plate 3-72, and a filter plate 3-74 connected to the inner side of the filter sealing plate 3-72 via a filter spring 3-73. A hydrogen-fixing rod end 3-4 is welded and fixed to the open end of the hydrogen-fixing rod cylinder 3-5. The internal channel of the hydrogen-fixing rod end 3-4 has two stepped surfaces, inner and outer. A hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring 3-8 is detachably press-fitted onto the outer stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end 3-4, and the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring 3-8 can be connected by screws. The filter screen assembly 3-7 is installed on the outer stepped surface of the hydrogen storage rod end 3-4. The filter screen assembly 3-7 is located between the hydrogen storage rod pressure ring 3-8 and the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen storage rod end 3-4. Under the elastic force of the filter screen spring 3-73, the filter screen plate 3-74 presses against the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen storage rod end 3-4, and the filter screen sealing plate 3-72 presses against the inner side of the hydrogen storage rod pressure ring 3-8. The filter screen sealing plate 3-72 has a ring of openings at the point where it overlaps with the hydrogen storage rod pressure ring 3-8, and the ring of openings is sealed by the hydrogen storage rod pressure ring 3-8. The filter screen plate 3-74 is a sintered metal mesh plate with a certain strength, which can prevent the powder from the hydrogen storage material 3-2 from flowing out of the hydrogen storage rod 3 after pulverization during hydrogen charging and discharging.

[0053] When the hydrogen solidification rod 3 is removed from the inner cavity of the reactor body 1-15, under the elastic force of the filter screen spring 3-73, the outer side of the filter screen sealing plate 3-72 fits against the inner side of the hydrogen solidification rod pressure ring 3-8. The hydrogen solidification rod pressure ring 3-8 seals a ring of openings to prevent air from entering the inner cavity of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5 (if air enters the inner cavity of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5, it may react with the hydrogen storage material 3-2 at high temperature, leading to a fire hazard). When the hydrogen solidification rod 3 is placed in the inner cavity of the reactor body 1-15, the push rod 4-18 on one side of the reactor blind plate 4-6 presses against the filter screen top column 3-71 on the outside of the filter screen sealing plate 3-72, thereby compressing the filter screen spring 3-73, allowing hydrogen to enter the inner cavity of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5 through a ring of openings on the filter screen sealing plate 3-72, thereby reacting with the hydrogen storage material 3-2 inside the inner mesh cylinder 3-6.

[0054] The hydrogen-fixed rod end 3-4 is also equipped with a hydrogen-fixed rod end cap 3-1. The hydrogen-fixed rod end cap 3-1 is only installed during the transportation of the hydrogen-fixed rod 3. The hydrogen-fixed rod end cap 3-1 and the hydrogen-fixed rod end 3-4 can be detachably connected by means of threaded connection, snap-fit ​​or other connection, and the gap between the two is sealed by the hydrogen-fixed rod sealing ring 3-3 to prevent air from entering the hydrogen-fixed rod 3 during transportation.

[0055] The inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly 3-9 includes a mesh cylinder pressure plate 3-93. A mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 is connected to the outside of the mesh cylinder pressure plate 3-93 via a mesh cylinder pressure plate spring 3-94. A mesh cylinder pressure plate handle 3-91 is provided on the outside of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92. Multiple protrusions 3-96 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92. Multiple L-shaped grooves 3-95 are evenly distributed around the opening end of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6. Each L-shaped groove 3-95 includes a perpendicular axial guide section and a circumferential limiting section. The multiple protrusions 3-96 and the multiple L-shaped grooves 3-95 are engaged and connected one-to-one, realizing a detachable connection between the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 and the opening end of the inner mesh cylinder 3-6. In this embodiment, three protrusions 3-96 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92, and three L-shaped grooves 3-95 are evenly distributed around the circumference at the opening end of the mesh cylinder. When installing the inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly 3-9, first align the three protrusions 3-96 of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 with the axial guide sections of the three L-shaped grooves 3-95 and insert them axially. Then, rotate the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 circumferentially so that the three protrusions 3-96 enter the circumferential limiting sections of the three L-shaped grooves 3-95, thus securing the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 to the inner mesh cylinder 3-6. Disassembly is performed by reversing the operation. The mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate 3-92 provides elastic pressure to the filled hydrogen storage material 3-2, limiting the axial expansion of the hydrogen storage material 3-2 during the hydrogen filling and discharging process.

[0056] The inlet end of the vessel body 1-15 is equipped with a quick-opening door assembly 2. The quick-opening door assembly 2 includes two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 that are arranged opposite each other and can move towards or away from each other. The two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 that move towards each other seal the reactor blind plate 4-6 that is fed into the vessel body 1-15 from the inlet end with the flange 1-1 at the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15. At the same time, the elastic pushing mechanism on one side of the reactor blind plate 4-6 pushes the hydrogen solidification rod filter assembly 3-7 to allow air to pass through the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5 inside and outside.

[0057] In the quick-opening door assembly 2, the two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 are two arc-shaped blocks with opposite openings. The opposite side of the two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 is the inner side. An arc-shaped groove 2-2 is opened in the middle of the inner side of the two quick-opening door clamps 2-1. The cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped groove 2-2 is a trapezoid with an flared opening end. The two inclined side walls 2-3 of the arc-shaped groove 2-2 are respectively inclined to fit with the opposite end faces of the reactor blind plate 4-6 and the inlet flange 1-1 of the vessel body 1-15. The quick-opening door clamps 2-1 are driven to move towards or away from each other by the quick-opening door drive mechanism. The two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 are set up vertically opposite each other. By moving the two quick-opening door clamps 2-1 towards each other vertically, under the action of the inclined fit, the reactor blind plate 4-6 and the inlet flange 1-1 of the vessel body 1-15 are driven to move towards each other horizontally, so that the two fit tightly together and realize the automatic closing of the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15.

[0058] The quick-opening door drive mechanism can be either a first quick-opening door drive mechanism or a second quick-opening door drive mechanism.

[0059] The first quick-opening door drive mechanism includes a quick-opening door mounting frame 2-4. The quick-opening door mounting frame 2-4 has two lead screws 2-5, one on the left and one on the right. The lead screws 2-5 extend vertically and are rotatably mounted on the quick-opening door mounting frame 2-4. Each lead screw has two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation. The upper quick-opening door clamp 2-1 has two upper connecting blocks 2-6 on its upper side. The two upper connecting blocks 2-6 are respectively threaded to the upper threaded sections of the two lead screws via lifting nuts 2-7. The lower quick-opening door clamp 2-1 has two lower connecting blocks on its lower side. The two lower connecting blocks are... The lifting nut 2-7 is threadedly connected to the lower threaded section of the two lead screws. Slider 2-8 is provided on the outer sides of the two upper connecting blocks 2-6 and the two lower connecting blocks respectively. The quick-opening door mounting frame 2-4 has two vertically extending guide posts 2-9 on the left and right sides. The two sliders 2-8 on the same side slide and engage with the corresponding guide posts 2-9, thereby guiding and limiting the vertical movement of the two upper connecting blocks 2-6 and the two lower connecting blocks. The quick-opening door drive motor 2-10 and the synchronous belt drive mechanism drive the two lead screws 2-5 to rotate synchronously. The synchronous belt drive mechanism includes a primary synchronous belt 2-11 and a secondary synchronous belt 2-12, which drive the two lead screws 2-5 to rotate synchronously.

[0060] The second quick-opening door drive mechanism includes two sets of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies 2-13 arranged side-by-side. Each set of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies 2-13 includes a quick-opening door mounting bracket 2-14 and two quick-opening door cylinders 2-15 mounted on the quick-opening door mounting bracket 2-14 and arranged vertically opposite each other. The quick-opening door mounting bracket 2-14 is mounted on the reactor frame 8. The piston rods of the upper and lower quick-opening door cylinders 2-15 extend upwards and downwards respectively. The upper side of the upper quick-opening door clamp 2-1 is hinged to the piston rods of the two upper quick-opening door cylinders 2-15 via two connecting pieces 2-16, and the lower side of the lower quick-opening door clamp 2-1 is hinged to the piston rods of the two lower quick-opening door cylinders 2-15 via two connecting pieces 2-16. The quick-opening door cylinders 2-15 can also be replaced by electric cylinders or hydraulic cylinders as the power source.

[0061] When reactor 1 is in operation, the inlet flange 1-1 of reactor body 1-15 is in contact with reactor blind plate 4-6, and the piston rods of each quick-opening cylinder 2-15 retract, thereby driving the upper and lower quick-opening clamps 2-1 to move towards each other. Since the two inclined side walls 2-3 of the arc grooves 2-2 of the two quick-opening clamps 2-1 are respectively in inclined engagement with the end faces of reactor blind plate 4-6 and reactor body 1-15 inlet flange 1-1 that are opposite to each other, the reactor blind plate 4-6 and reactor body 1-15 inlet flange 1-1 are tightly attached to each other, thereby ensuring the sealing of the inner cavity of reactor 1 under the action of reactor sealing gasket 1-20 on the end face of reactor body 1-15 inlet flange 1-1. When the reactor 1 finishes working and the hydrogen solidification rod 3 needs to be removed, the piston rods of each quick-opening cylinder 2-15 push outward, thereby causing the upper and lower quick-opening clamps 2-1 to move away from each other. Finally, the two inclined side walls of the arc grooves 2-2 of the two quick-opening clamps 2-1 separate from the reactor blind plate 4-6 and the inlet flange 1-1 of the reactor body 1-15, and then the hydrogen solidification rod 3 can be pulled out through the conveying mechanism 4.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a loading and unloading mechanism for a reactor 1. The reactor 1 is the aforementioned automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage. The loading and unloading mechanism includes a conveying mechanism 4 and a lifting mechanism 5.

[0063] The conveying mechanism 4 is located outside the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15. The function of the conveying mechanism 4 is to feed the hydrogen solidification rod 3 into the vessel body 1-15 or to remove the hydrogen solidification rod 3 from the vessel body 1-15. The conveying mechanism 4 includes a conveying frame 7, on which a conveying slider mounting bracket 4-1 is slidably mounted. The conveying slider mounting bracket 4-1 can slide along the direction close to or away from the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15. A conveying mounting plate 4-2 is fixed on the conveying frame 7. The conveying mounting plate 4-2 is provided with two conveying guide rails extending in the same direction and a conveying rack 4-3. The bottom of the conveying slider mounting bracket 4-1 is slidably mounted on the two conveying guide rails by two conveying sliders. A conveying motor 4-4 is provided on the conveying slider mounting bracket 4-1. The output shaft of the conveying motor 4-4 extends downward and is fixed with a conveying gear 4-5. The conveying gear 4-5 meshes with the conveying rack 4-3. A reactor blind flange 4-6 is mounted on a conveyor slider mounting bracket 4-1. A hydrogen solidification rod lifting bracket 4-7 is located at the bottom of the reactor blind flange 4-6 on the side facing the reactor body 1-15. The hydrogen solidification rod 3 is fed into or pulled out of the reactor 1 via the hydrogen solidification rod lifting bracket 4-7. The main body of the hydrogen solidification rod lifting bracket 4-7 is an arc-shaped lifting plate. A hook plate 4-8 is located at the end of the arc-shaped lifting plate away from the reactor blind flange 4-6. The arc-shaped lifting plate is used to support the hydrogen solidification rod 3. The outer surface of the junction between the hydrogen solidification rod end 3-4 and the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5... The reactor body 1-15 has an outer step, and a hook plate 4-8 is used to engage with the outer step of the hydrogen solidification rod 3 to hook and remove the hydrogen solidification rod 3 from the inner cavity of the reactor body 1-15. The conveying slider mounting frame 4-1 and the reactor blind plate 4-6 are respectively provided with interconnected detection gas channels 4-9. The conveying slider mounting frame 4-1 is equipped with a temperature transmitter 4-10 and a pressure transmitter 4-11 to detect the gas temperature and pressure in the detection gas channels 4-9, thereby detecting the temperature and pressure inside the reactor body 1-15. When the conveying motor 4-4 is started, the conveying gear 4-5 and the conveying rack 4-3 mesh, driving the conveying slider mounting frame 4-1 to slide linearly along the two conveying guide rails, thereby driving the reactor blind plate 4-6 and the hydrogen solidification rod removal frame 4-7 to slide linearly, moving them towards or away from the inlet end of the reactor body 1-15. The conveyor mounting plate 4-2 is also equipped with multiple limit switches 4-12, which are used to limit the sliding formation of the conveyor slider mounting frame 4-1, and their trigger signals are used as the basis for whether the lifting mechanism 5 operates.

[0064] An elastic pushing mechanism is located on the side of the reactor blind plate 4-6 facing the reactor body 1-15. The elastic pushing mechanism includes an annular top plate 4-13, which is mounted on one side of the reactor blind plate 4-6 via multiple sets of elastic guide support structures 4-14. These multiple sets of elastic guide support structures 4-14 elastically push the annular top plate 4-13 away from the reactor blind plate 4-6. Each elastic guide support structure 4-14 includes a guide cylinder 4-15, a guide spring 4-16, and a guide rod 4- 17. One end of the guide cylinder 4-15 is installed on one side of the reactor blind plate 4-6. The guide rod 4-17 is a two-stage stepped rod. The guide spring 4-16 and the large end of the guide rod 4-17 are located in the inner cavity of the guide cylinder 4-15. The small end of the guide rod 4-17 extends out from the opening at one end of the guide cylinder 4-15 and is connected to the annular top plate 4-13 by screws. Under normal conditions, the annular top plate 4-13 is elastically pushed away from the reactor blind plate 4-6 by the elastic force of the guide spring 4-16. A push rod 4-18 is also fixed on the side of the reactor blind plate 4-6 facing the reactor body 1-15. The push rod 4-18 is located in the central hole of the annular top plate 4-13. When the annular top plate 4-13 is compressed, the end of the push rod 4-18 protrudes from the outer surface of the annular top plate 4-13 and pushes the filter screen top column 3-71 on the outside of the filter screen sealing plate 3-72, so that the opening of the filter screen sealing plate 3-72 is separated from the hydrogen solidification rod pressure ring 3-8.

[0065] The lifting mechanism 5 is located between the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15 and the blind plate 4-6 of the reactor, and is set close to the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15. The lifting mechanism 5 includes a lifting mounting plate 5-1 that can be raised and lowered. The lifting mounting plate 5-1 is provided with two lifting blocks 5-2 that are opposite to each other on the left and right. The inner side of the top of the two lifting blocks 5-2 is provided with an inclined lifting mounting surface 5-3. The lifting mounting surface 5-3 is provided with a lifting guide ball 5-4. The hydrogen solidification rod 3 entering and exiting the inlet end of the vessel body 1-15 is provided with auxiliary rolling support through the lifting guide ball 5-4 on the two lifting mounting surfaces 5-3.

[0066] The lifting drive mechanism that drives the lifting mounting plate 5-1 to rise and fall can be either a first lifting drive mechanism or a second lifting drive mechanism. The lifting cylinders of both lifting drive mechanisms can also be replaced with linear power sources such as electric cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, or motors.

[0067] The first lifting drive mechanism includes a first lifting cylinder 5-6 mounted on a first cylinder mounting bracket 5-5. The first cylinder mounting bracket 5-5 is fixedly mounted on a conveying frame 7. The piston rod of the first lifting cylinder 5-6 extends upward and connects to the bottom of the lifting mounting plate 5-1. The bottom sides of the lifting mounting plate 5-1 are slidably engaged with the first cylinder mounting bracket 5-5 through a slider guide rail guiding mechanism 5-7.

[0068] The second lifting drive mechanism includes a second lifting cylinder 5-9 mounted on a second cylinder mounting bracket 5-8. The second cylinder mounting bracket 5-8 is fixedly mounted on the conveying frame 7. The piston rod of the second lifting cylinder 5-9 extends upward and connects to the bottom of the lifting mounting plate 5-1. The bottom sides of the lifting mounting plate 5-1 are slidably engaged with the second cylinder mounting bracket 5-8 via linear bearing guide structures 5-10. The linear bearing guide structure 5-10 includes a linear bearing and a guide shaft that are slidably engaged. The guide shaft is mounted on the bottom of the lifting mounting plate 5-1, and the linear bearing is mounted on the second cylinder mounting bracket 5-8.

[0069] The loading and unloading mechanism also includes a transport mechanism, which can be either a first operating mechanism or a second operating mechanism.

[0070] The first transport mechanism 6 is located on one side of the conveying mechanism 4 and includes a transport lift 6-1. A transport frame 6-2 is mounted on the lifting platform of the transport lift 6-1. Two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 are slidably mounted on the transport frame 6-2. The transport slider mounting plates 6-5 are slidably mounted on the transport guide rail 6-4 of the transport frame 6-2 via sliders. The sliding direction of the two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveying slider mounting frame 4-1 of the conveying mechanism 4. Transport blocks 6-6 are provided on the transport slider mounting plates 6-5, and the hydrogen rods 3 are supported by V-shaped grooves on the two transport blocks 6-6. The transport lift 6-1 can be an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) with its own lifting function. The transport drive motor 6-3 drives the transport slider mounting plates 6-5 to slide, thereby causing the transport blocks 6-6 to enter or exit the conveying mechanism 4, realizing the feeding of the hydrogen rods 3 into or out of the conveying mechanism 4.

[0071] When it is necessary to place the hydrogen solidification rod 3 on the conveying mechanism 4, the transport elevator 6-1 is pre-raised to a certain height. Then, the two transport drive motors 6-3 drive the two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 to retract, and the hydrogen solidification rod 3 is placed in the V-shaped grooves of the two transport supports 6-6. Then, the transport elevator 6-1 moves to a position near the conveying mechanism 4, and the two transport drive motors 6-3 drive the two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 to extend. When the two transport supports 6-6 are above the conveying mechanism 4, the transport elevator 6-1 descends again to place the hydrogen solidification rod 3 on the conveying mechanism 4. When it is necessary to remove the hydrogen rod 3 from the conveying mechanism 4, the transport lift 6-1 is lowered in advance, and the two transport drive motors 6-3 drive the two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 to push out. When the two transport blocks 6-6 are below the hydrogen rod 3 in the conveying mechanism 4, the transport lift 6-1 is raised to lift the hydrogen rod 3. After the hydrogen rod 3 is completely detached from the conveying mechanism 4, the two transport drive motors 6-3 drive the two transport slider mounting plates 6-5 to retract. When the hydrogen rod 3 is retracted to above the transport frame 6-2, the transport lift 6-1 is moved to transport the hydrogen rod 3 away.

[0072] When the first transport mechanism 6 lifts the hydrogen solidification rod 3 above the conveying mechanism 4, the lifting mounting plate 5-1 of the lifting mechanism 5 lifts upwards, and then lowers the hydrogen solidification rod 3. One end of the hydrogen solidification rod 3 rests on the hydrogen solidification rod lifting frame 4-7, and the other end rests on the lifting guide balls 5-4 on the two lifting blocks 5-2. After the first operating mechanism lowers the hydrogen solidification rod 3, it moves outside the working area. Then the conveying mechanism 4 pushes the hydrogen solidification rod 3 towards the inlet end of the vessel 1-15. When half the length of the hydrogen solidification rod 3 enters the inner cavity of the vessel 1-15, the limit switch 4-12 signal is triggered, the lifting mounting plate 5-1 of the lifting mechanism 5 retracts downwards, and the conveying mechanism 4 then sends the entire hydrogen solidification rod 3 into the inner cavity of the vessel 1-15. When the hydrogen solidification rod 4-7 of the conveying mechanism 4 drags the hydrogen solidification rod 3 out of the inner cavity of the vessel body 1-15, after half of the length of the hydrogen solidification rod 3 is exposed in the vessel body 1-15, the limit switch 4-12 signal is triggered, and the lifting mounting plate 5-1 of the lifting mechanism 5 is lifted upward, together with the hydrogen solidification rod 4-7 of the conveying mechanism 4 to lift the hydrogen solidification rod 3.

[0073] The second operating mechanism includes a conveyor track 9, a robotic arm 11, and a conveyor belt 10. The conveyor track 9 is located at the bottom of the conveying mechanism 4, and the extension direction of the conveyor track 9 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveyor slider mounting frame 4-1 of the conveying mechanism 4. The conveyor belt 10 is located at the end of the conveyor track 9 and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveyor track 9. The robotic arm 11 is located on one side of the junction of the conveyor track 9 and the conveyor belt 10. The conveying frame 7 of the conveying mechanism 4 can slide back and forth along the conveyor track 9. The robotic arm 11 is used to perform the picking and placing operations of the hydrogen solidification rod 3 between the conveying mechanism 4 and the conveyor belt 10.

[0074] The function of the first transport mechanism 6 is to remove the hydrogen solidification rod 3 from the conveying mechanism 4, or to place the hydrogen solidification rod 3 onto the conveying mechanism 4. If the application scenario involves a small amount of hydrogen, the first transport mechanism 6 can be used to transport the hydrogen solidification rod 3 to the loading area.

[0075] If the application scenario involves processing a large amount of hydrogen, a second operating mechanism can be used to transport the hydrogen solidification rods 3. Track wheels are installed at the bottom of the conveying frame 7 of the conveying mechanism 4, slidingly engaging with the conveying track 9. The conveying frame 7 is driven by a motor to move along the conveying track 9. Each hydrogen solidification rod 3 is removed from the reactor body 1-15 via the conveying mechanism 4, and then moves along the conveying track 9 via the conveying frame 7 until it stops near the conveyor belt 10. A robotic arm 11 positioned near the conveyor belt 10 grabs the hydrogen solidification rods 3 from the conveying mechanism 4 and places them onto the conveyor belt 10, which then transports them away for loading. When using this transport method, each reactor is equipped with its own independent reactor blind plate 4-6. The reactor blind plate 4-6 is movably connected to the conveyor slider mounting frame 4-1. Specifically, the movable connection can be achieved by installing claws on the conveyor slider mounting frame 4-1. These claws can be electric claws, pneumatically driven claws, hydraulically driven claws, etc., for movably gripping the reactor blind plate 4-6.

[0076] The second operating mechanism can be applied to the case of multiple sets of reactors 1, which are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 10. Each set of reactors 1 includes multiple reactors 1 placed side by side in sequence along the extension direction of the conveyor track 9. Each set of reactors 1 is equipped with a conveying mechanism 4 and a second operating mechanism.

[0077] In use, the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder 3-5 contains an inner mesh cylinder 3-6, which contains hydrogen storage material 3-2. The hydrogen storage material 3-2 can adsorb hydrogen at a certain temperature (e.g., 250℃) and a certain pressure (e.g., 2MPa), and can release hydrogen at a certain temperature (e.g., 350℃). The charging and discharging temperatures of hydrogen storage material 3-2 vary depending on the ratio of the hydrogen storage material 3-2. The function of this reactor 1 is to achieve the absorption or release of hydrogen by the hydrogen storage material 3-2 through temperature control. The reactor 1 can be used as a hydrogen absorption device alone or as a hydrogen release device alone, or it can be used as both. Other components besides the hydrogen solidification rod 3 can be installed at hydrogen production sites or hydrogen consumption sites. The hydrogen solidification rod 3 filled with hydrogen or the hydrogen solidification rod 3 discharged with hydrogen can be transported between the two sites by land, sea, or air. The hydrogen solidification rod 3 is placed entirely within the reactor 1, heated by heating pipes 1-4 and cooled by gas exchange through a heat exchange medium, thereby controlling the reaction temperature. Hydrogen gas enters and exits through hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes 1-22. The quick-opening door assembly 2 ensures the reactor body 1-15 remains sealed during hydrogen charging and discharging. Compared to traditional flange connections, the quick-opening door assembly 2 allows for rapid opening and closing, improving work efficiency. The conveying mechanism 4 delivers the hydrogen solidification rod 3 into or removes it from the reactor 1. The lifting mechanism 5 raises and lowers the rod while the conveying mechanism 4 is operating, assisting in the entry and exit of the hydrogen solidification rod 3.

[0078] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage, comprising a reactor body, characterized in that: The vessel body is surrounded by an insulated jacket shell. The jacket shell and the vessel body form a jacket with a heating structure and an insulation layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The gap in the jacket forms a heat exchange medium flow channel. The inner cavity of the vessel body is detachably equipped with an inner tube support for supporting the hydrogen solidification rod. The hydrogen solidification rod includes a hydrogen solidification rod cylinder. The opening end of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder is elastically sealed by a hydrogen solidification rod filter assembly. The hydrogen solidification rod cylinder has an inner mesh cylinder inside. The opening end of the inner mesh cylinder is sealed by an inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly, and elastic pressure is applied to the internal solid hydrogen storage material. The inlet end of the vessel is equipped with a quick-opening door assembly, which includes two quick-opening door clamps that are arranged opposite each other and can move towards or away from each other. The two quick-opening door clamps that move towards each other seal the reactor blind plate fed from the inlet end of the vessel with the flange at the inlet end of the vessel. At the same time, the elastic pushing mechanism on one side of the reactor blind plate pushes the hydrogen solidification rod filter screen assembly to allow air to pass through the inside and outside of the hydrogen solidification rod cylinder.

2. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vessel body has a closed end opposite to the inlet end. A hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe is provided on the outside of the closed end of the vessel body. An inner limiting pipe connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe is provided on the inside of the closed end of the vessel body. Multiple gas holes are opened on the circumference of the inner limiting pipe. The inner limiting pipe is used to block and limit the end of the hydrogen solidification rod. The heating structure includes multiple heating tubes spaced circumferentially along the outer wall of the vessel. The length of the heating tubes extends along the axial direction of the vessel. Each heating tube is embedded in a groove of the heater mounting bracket, and multiple heating tubes are circumferentially fixed on the outer periphery of the vessel by several heating tube fixing straps.

3. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation jacket shell is provided with insulation jacket end plates at both ends. The two insulation jacket end plates are respectively provided with heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet. The heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange medium flow channel. A heat exchange medium inlet valve is provided outside the heat exchange medium inlet.

4. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly includes a filter sealing plate. A filter plate is connected to the inner side of the filter sealing plate via a filter spring. A hydrogen-fixing rod end is fixed to the open end of the hydrogen-fixing rod cylinder. The hydrogen-fixing rod end has an inner and outer stepped surface in its internal channel. A hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring is detachably press-fitted onto the outer stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end. The hydrogen-fixing rod filter assembly is located between the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring and the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end. Under the elastic force of the filter spring, the filter plate presses against the inner stepped surface of the hydrogen-fixing rod end, and the filter sealing plate presses against the inner side of the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring. The filter sealing plate has a ring of openings at the point where it overlaps with the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring, and the hydrogen-fixing rod pressure ring seals the ring of openings.

5. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner mesh cylinder pressure plate assembly includes a mesh cylinder pressure plate. A mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate is connected to the outside of the mesh cylinder pressure plate via a mesh cylinder pressure plate spring. Multiple protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate. Multiple L-shaped grooves are evenly distributed on the circumferential direction at the opening end of the inner mesh cylinder. Each L-shaped groove includes a perpendicular axial guide section and a circumferential limiting section. The multiple protrusions and multiple L-shaped grooves are engaged and connected one-to-one, realizing a detachable connection between the mesh cylinder pressure plate limiting plate and the opening end of the inner mesh cylinder.

6. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the quick-opening door assembly, the two quick-opening door clamps are two arc-shaped blocks with opposite openings. The opposite side of the two quick-opening door clamps is the inner side. An arc-shaped groove is opened in the middle of the inner side of the two quick-opening door clamps. The cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped groove is a trapezoid with an flared opening end. The two inclined side walls of the arc-shaped groove are respectively inclined to fit with the end faces of the reactor blind plate and the reactor body inlet flange that are opposite to each other.

7. The automated modular fast-opening reactor for solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The quick-opening door drive mechanism drives two quick-opening door clamps to move towards or away from each other. The two quick-opening door clamps are arranged opposite each other, one above the other. The quick-opening door drive mechanism can be either the first quick-opening door drive mechanism or the second quick-opening door drive mechanism. The first quick-opening door drive mechanism includes a quick-opening door mounting frame. The quick-opening door mounting frame has two lead screws, which extend vertically and are rotatably mounted on the quick-opening door mounting frame. Each lead screw has two sections of threads with opposite directions. The upper quick-opening door clamp has two upper connecting blocks on the upper side, which are threaded to the upper threaded sections of the two lead screws through lifting nuts. The lower quick-opening door clamp has two lower connecting blocks on the lower side, which are threaded to the lower threaded sections of the two lead screws through lifting nuts. Slider blocks are provided on the outer sides of the two upper connecting blocks and the two lower connecting blocks. The quick-opening door mounting frame has two vertically extending guide posts on the left and right. The two sliders on the same side slide with the corresponding guide posts. The quick-opening door drive motor and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism drive the two lead screws to rotate synchronously. The second quick-opening door drive mechanism includes two sets of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies arranged in a left-right orientation. Each set of quick-opening door cylinder assemblies includes a quick-opening door mounting bracket and two quick-opening door cylinders mounted on the quick-opening door mounting bracket and arranged vertically opposite each other. The piston rods of the upper and lower quick-opening door cylinders extend upward and downward, respectively. The upper side of the upper quick-opening door clamp is hinged to the piston rods of the two upper quick-opening door cylinders through two connecting pieces, and the lower side of the lower quick-opening door clamp is hinged to the piston rods of the two lower quick-opening door cylinders through two connecting pieces.

8. A loading and unloading mechanism for a reaction vessel, characterized in that: The reactor is the automated modular quick-opening reactor for solid hydrogen storage as described in claim 4, and the loading and unloading mechanism includes a conveying mechanism and a lifting mechanism; The conveying mechanism is located outside the inlet end of the reactor body. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying frame, on which a conveying slider mounting frame is slidably mounted. The conveying slider mounting frame can slide along the direction close to or away from the inlet end of the reactor body. The reactor blind plate is mounted on the conveying slider mounting frame. A hydrogen solidification rod dragging frame is provided at the bottom of the reactor blind plate on the side facing the reactor body. The hydrogen solidification rod is sent into or dragged out of the reactor cavity through the hydrogen solidification rod dragging frame. The conveying slider mounting frame and the reactor blind plate are respectively provided with interconnected detection gas channels. The conveying slider mounting frame is equipped with a temperature transmitter and a pressure transmitter for detecting the gas temperature and pressure in the detection gas channels. The lifting mechanism is located between the inlet end of the vessel and the blind plate of the reactor and is set close to the inlet end of the vessel. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting mounting plate that can be raised and lowered. The lifting mounting plate is provided with two lifting blocks that are opposite each other on the left and right. The inner side of the top of the two lifting blocks is provided with an inclined lifting mounting surface. The lifting mounting surface is provided with a lifting guide ball. The hydrogen solidification rod entering and exiting the inlet end of the vessel is provided with auxiliary rolling support through the lifting guide ball on the two lifting mounting surfaces.

9. The loading and unloading mechanism of a reaction vessel as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic pushing mechanism is located on the side of the reactor blind plate facing the reactor body. The elastic pushing mechanism includes an annular top plate, which is installed on one side of the reactor blind plate through multiple sets of elastic guide support structures. The annular top plate is elastically pushed away from the reactor blind plate through the multiple sets of elastic guide support structures. A push rod is also fixed on the side of the reactor blind plate facing the reactor body. The push rod is located in the central hole of the annular top plate. When the annular top plate is compressed, the end of the push rod protrudes from the outer surface of the annular top plate and pushes the filter screen top column on the outside of the filter screen sealing plate, so that the opening of the filter screen sealing plate is separated from the hydrogen solidification rod pressure ring.

10. The loading and unloading mechanism of a reaction vessel as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The loading and unloading mechanism also includes a conveying mechanism, which can be either a first operating mechanism or a second operating mechanism. The first transport mechanism is located on one side of the conveying mechanism and includes a transport elevator. The lifting platform of the transport elevator is equipped with a transport frame. Two transport slider mounting plates are slidably installed on the transport frame. The sliding direction of the two transport slider mounting plates is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveying slider mounting frame of the conveying mechanism. The transport slider mounting plates are equipped with transport blocks, and the solid hydrogen rods are supported by the V-shaped grooves on the two transport blocks. The second operating mechanism includes a conveyor track, a robotic arm, and a conveyor belt. The conveyor track is located at the bottom of the conveyor mechanism, and the extension direction of the conveyor track is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the conveyor slider mounting frame of the conveyor mechanism. The conveyor belt is located at the end of the conveyor track and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveyor track. The robotic arm is located on one side at the junction of the conveyor track and the conveyor belt. The conveyor frame of the conveyor mechanism can slide back and forth along the conveyor track. The robotic arm enables the picking and placing of hydrogen rods between the conveyor mechanism and the conveyor belt.

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