Fastening and clamping device for machining a cylindrical shell

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of clamping and limiting, and particularly relates to a fastening and clamping device for processing a cylindrical shell. The device comprises a synchronous support, a tool holder, a balancing support, a processing support and a workpiece moving assembly. The processing support is arranged on the workpiece moving assembly, the center of the workpiece moving assembly clamps a cylindrical shell workpiece, the tool holder is slidingly engaged on the processing support, the balancing support is slidingly engaged on the processing support, and the tool holder and the balancing support slide along the processing support in the longitudinal direction. The device applies a radial pressure to the cylindrical shell workpiece in the opposite direction of the cutting radial force, thereby avoiding deformation or breakage of the cylindrical shell workpiece due to excessive radial pressure. In order to avoid excessive counter-pressing force of the balancing support on the cylindrical shell workpiece in the subsequent processing process, the device is provided with an annular groove and an arc-shaped groove on the cam, thereby achieving phased control of the movement of the balancing support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of clamping and limiting technology, specifically referring to a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells. Background Technology

[0002] The cylindrical shell is the core component of the constant velocity universal joint. One end is a solid handle, and the other end is a hollow cylinder. The inner wall of the cylinder has several (usually six) raceways evenly distributed in a ring to accommodate the steel balls. Existing ball track machining processes typically use the outer circle of the shank as the radial reference and the shoulder of the shank as the axial reference for positioning and clamping. However, due to the large diameter difference between the shank and the cylinder, and the cantilevered state of the cylinder, the radial force during the cutting process may cause overall deformation and local deformation of the cylinder, or even breakage of the shank and the cylinder at the connection point (the cylindrical shell is designed to mainly bear axial impact and torsional moment, and does not bear radial force). Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a fastening and clamping device for machining cylindrical shells. In order to counteract the radial force applied by the tool to the workpiece during the cutting process, the present invention proposes a balance support linked with the tool holder. A spring applies radial pressure to the cylindrical shell workpiece in the opposite direction to the cutting radial force, so as to prevent the cylindrical shell workpiece from deforming or breaking due to excessive radial pressure. Since the cylindrical shell workpiece is machined using a small depth of cut layer by layer, the balance support linked with the tool post will gradually approach the cylindrical shell workpiece. Although the tool position is different, the radial pressure generated by the tool remains basically unchanged when the feed amount is the same each time. In order to avoid the balance support applying excessive counteracting pressure to the cylindrical shell workpiece during subsequent machining, this solution sets an annular groove and an arc groove on the cam to realize the staged control of the movement of the balance support.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a fastening and clamping device for machining cylindrical shells, including a synchronous support, a tool holder, a balance support, a machining support and a workpiece moving assembly. The machining support is disposed on the workpiece moving assembly, and the cylindrical shell workpiece is clamped at the center position of the workpiece moving assembly. The tool holder is engaged and slidably disposed on the machining support, and the balance support is engaged and slidably disposed on the machining support. Both the tool holder and the balance support slide along the longitudinal direction of the machining support. The synchronous support is fixed in the processing support. Both the tool post and the balance support are connected to the synchronous support. When the tool post moves up and down, it can drive the balance support to move up and down through the synchronous support.

[0005] The tool holder and the balance support are linked by a synchronous support. On the one hand, while the tool head is in contact with the workpiece, the reverse pressure of the rollers can counteract the cutting radial force. On the other hand, it can maintain the counteracting pressure at different processing stages of the tool and avoid the problem of reverse pressure.

[0006] Furthermore, the end of the synchronous support is provided with a cam, and the cam is provided with a through and continuous annular groove and an arc groove, wherein the center of the annular groove is coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the cam, and an arc-shaped hanger is provided below, the end of the arc-shaped hanger is provided with a sliding shaft, and the sliding shaft is engaged and slidably disposed in the annular groove and the arc groove.

[0007] When the sliding shaft slides in the arc groove, it will drive the balance support to move longitudinally. When the sliding shaft slides in the annular groove, the balance support remains longitudinally stationary.

[0008] Preferably, the cam is provided with symmetrical cam shafts on both sides, and a synchronous push rod is hinged on the cam shaft. The other end of the synchronous push rod is hinged to a push rod base, which is fixed to the tool holder. When the tool holder is raised or lowered, the cam can be driven to rotate through the synchronous push rod.

[0009] The tool holder and the balance support move synchronously through the synchronous support. By switching between the path of the annular groove and the arc groove, the counteracting pressure of the balance support can be kept constant when the cutting depth of the tool holder is increased layer by layer, thus avoiding the problem of reverse transverse pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the balance support is provided with a pressure plate, and the two sides of the pressure plate are hinged with swing pressure rods, and the end of the swing pressure rods is provided with rollers.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure plate is symmetrically provided with extension plates on both sides, and a spring is provided between the extension plates and the swing pressure rod.

[0012] After the roller comes into contact with the outer wall of the cylindrical shell workpiece, the spring force is transmitted to the cylindrical shell workpiece to counteract the radial cutting pressure of the cutting tool. The spring force is determined by the amount of spring compression.

[0013] Furthermore, the workpiece moving assembly includes a clamping disc, a rotating mechanism, a transverse mechanism, and a main base. The transverse mechanism is slidably mounted on the main base, and the clamping disc and the transverse mechanism are rotatably connected through the rotating mechanism.

[0014] The workpiece moving assembly can clamp the cylindrical shell workpiece and drive it to move laterally and rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, a lifting platform is provided below the processing bracket, the lifting platform is located on the main base, and an electric push rod is provided between the synchronous bracket and the tool holder.

[0016] The lifting platform allows for overall adjustment of the longitudinal height of the processing support to accommodate cylindrical shell workpieces of different specifications.

[0017] Preferably, a machining motor is provided below the tool holder, a tool bar is provided on the output shaft of the machining motor, and a tool head is provided at the end of the tool bar.

[0018] Furthermore, the cylindrical shell workpiece is provided with a handle and a shoulder. The handle is detachably disposed in the clamping plate, and the end face of the clamping plate abuts against the shoulder.

[0019] When the cylindrical shell workpiece is installed in the clamping plate, its own axis coincides with the axis of the clamping plate, thus completing radial positioning. The shoulder can be used to perform axial positioning of the cylindrical shell workpiece.

[0020] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (1) The tool holder and the balance support are linked by a synchronous support. On the one hand, the cutting radial force can be countered by the reverse pressure of the roller while the tool head is in contact with the workpiece. On the other hand, the counter-pressure can be maintained at different processing stages of the tool to avoid the problem of reverse pressure.

[0021] (2) The radial pressure of the roller on the cylindrical shell workpiece is opposite to and cancels out the radial pressure of the cutter head on the cylindrical shell workpiece, which can prevent the connection between the cylindrical shell workpiece and the handle from bending or breaking due to excessive radial force.

[0022] (3) When the sliding shaft slides in the arc groove, it will drive the balance support to move longitudinally. When the sliding shaft slides in the annular groove, the balance support remains longitudinally stationary.

[0023] (4) The tool holder and the balance support move synchronously through the synchronous support. By changing the path of the annular groove and the arc groove, the counter-pressure of the balance support can be kept constant when the cutting depth of the tool holder increases layer by layer, thus avoiding the problem of reverse transverse pressure.

[0024] (5) After the roller abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell workpiece, the spring force will be transmitted to the cylindrical shell workpiece to counteract the radial cutting pressure of the tool. The spring force is determined by the spring compression.

[0025] (6) The workpiece moving component can clamp the cylindrical shell workpiece and drive the cylindrical shell workpiece to move laterally and rotate.

[0026] (7) The longitudinal height of the processing support can be adjusted as a whole by the lifting platform to accommodate cylindrical shell workpieces of different specifications.

[0027] (8) When the cylindrical shell workpiece is installed in the clamping plate, its own axis coincides with the axis of the clamping plate, thus completing radial positioning. The shoulder can be used to perform axial positioning of the cylindrical shell workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a left view of a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a top view of a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along section line AA; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line BB; Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of a fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells proposed in this invention. Figure 8 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point I; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point II; Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point III; Figure 11 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point IV.

[0029] Among them, 1. Synchronous support, 2. Tool holder, 3. Balance support, 4. Machining support, 5. Workpiece moving assembly, 6. Cylindrical shell workpiece, 11. Cam, 12. Synchronous push rod, 13. Push rod base, 14. Arc-shaped hanging rod, 21. Machining motor, 22. Tool holder, 31. Pressure plate, 32. Swinging pressure rod, 33. Roller, 41. Lifting platform, 42. Electric push rod, 51. Clamping plate, 52. Rotating mechanism, 53. Transverse mechanism, 54. Main base, 61. Handle part, 62. Shoulder part, 111. Annular groove, 112. Arc-shaped groove, 113. Cam shaft, 141. Sliding shaft, 221. Tool head, 311. Extension plate, 321. Spring.

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention proposes a fastening and clamping device for machining cylindrical shells, including a synchronous support 1, a tool holder 2, a balance support 3, a machining support 4, and a workpiece moving assembly 5. The machining support 4 is disposed on the workpiece moving assembly 5, and the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is clamped at the center position of the workpiece moving assembly 5. The tool holder 2 is engaged and slidably disposed on the machining support 4, and the balance support 3 is engaged and slidably disposed on the machining support 4. Both the tool holder 2 and the balance support 3 slide along the longitudinal direction of the machining support 4. The synchronous support 1 is fixed in the processing support 4. The tool post 2 and the balance support 3 are both connected to the synchronous support 1. When the tool post 2 moves up and down, it can drive the balance support 3 to move up and down through the synchronous support 1.

[0034] The tool holder 2 and the balance support 3 are linked by the synchronous support 1. On the one hand, while the tool head 221 is in contact with the workpiece, the reverse pressure of the roller 33 can counteract the cutting radial force. On the other hand, it can maintain the counteracting pressure at different processing stages of the tool and avoid the problem of reverse pressure.

[0035] The end of the synchronous support 1 is provided with a cam 11, which has a continuous annular groove 111 and an arc groove 112. The center of the annular groove 111 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the cam 11. An arc-shaped hanger 14 is provided below the cam 11, and a sliding shaft 141 is provided at the end of the arc-shaped hanger 14. The sliding shaft 141 is engaged and slidably disposed in the annular groove 111 and the arc groove 112.

[0036] When the sliding shaft 141 slides in the arc groove 112, it will drive the balance support 3 to move longitudinally. When the sliding shaft 141 slides in the annular groove 111, the balance support 3 remains longitudinally stationary.

[0037] The cam 11 has symmetrically arranged cam shafts 113 on both sides. A synchronous push rod 12 is hinged on the cam shaft 113. A push rod base 13 is hinged to the other end of the synchronous push rod 12. The push rod base 13 is fixed to the tool holder 2. When the tool holder 2 is raised and lowered, it can drive the cam 11 to rotate through the synchronous push rod 12.

[0038] The tool holder 2 and the balance support 3 move synchronously through the synchronous support 1. By switching paths through the annular groove 111 and the arc groove 112, the counteracting pressure of the balance support 3 can be kept constant when the cutting depth of the tool holder 2 increases layer by layer, thus avoiding the problem of reverse transverse pressure.

[0039] The end of the balance support 3 is provided with a pressure plate 31, and the two sides of the pressure plate 31 are hinged with swing pressure rods 32, and the end of the swing pressure rods 32 is provided with rollers 33.

[0040] The pressure plate 31 is also symmetrically provided with extension plates 311 on both sides, and a spring 321 is provided between the extension plates 311 and the swing pressure rod 32.

[0041] After the roller 33 abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6, the elastic force of the spring 321 will be transmitted to the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 to counteract the radial cutting pressure of the tool. The elastic force of the spring 321 is determined by the compression of the spring 321.

[0042] The workpiece moving assembly 5 includes a clamping plate 51, a rotating mechanism 52, a transverse mechanism 53, and a main base 54. The transverse mechanism 53 is slidably mounted on the main base 54, and the clamping plate 51 and the transverse mechanism 53 are rotatably connected by the rotating mechanism 52.

[0043] The workpiece moving component 5 can clamp the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 and drive the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 to move laterally and rotate.

[0044] A lifting platform 41 is provided below the processing bracket 4. The lifting platform 41 is located on the main base 54. An electric push rod 42 is provided between the synchronous bracket 1 and the tool holder 2.

[0045] The vertical height of the processing support 4 can be adjusted as a whole by the lifting platform 41 to accommodate cylindrical shell workpieces 6 of different specifications.

[0046] A machining motor 21 is located below the tool holder 2. A tool bar 22 is located on the output shaft of the machining motor 21, and a tool head 221 is located at the end of the tool bar 22.

[0047] The cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is provided with a handle portion 61 and a shoulder portion 62. The handle portion 61 is detachably disposed in the clamping plate 51, and the end face of the clamping plate 51 abuts against the shoulder portion 62.

[0048] When the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is installed in the clamping plate 51, its own axis coincides with the axis of the clamping plate 51, thus completing radial positioning. The shoulder 62 can perform axial positioning of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6.

[0049] In practical use, the user first needs to install the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 into the clamping plate 51. When the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is installed in the clamping plate 51, its own axis coincides with the axis of the clamping plate 51, thus completing radial positioning. By having the clamping plate 51 abut against the shoulder 62, the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 can be axially positioned.

[0050] Then, the high-speed rotating cutter head 221 cuts annular and evenly distributed raceways on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Turn on the machining motor 21, which drives the cutter head 221 to rotate at high speed through the tool holder 22; Step 2: Control the electric actuator 42 to slowly retract. During this process, the tool holder 2 gradually rises along the processing support 4, and the high-speed rotating tool head 221 gradually contacts the inner wall of the stationary cylindrical shell workpiece 6. During the upward movement of the tool holder 2, the push rod base 13 will rise, and at the same time, the cam 11 will be rotated through the synchronous push rod 12. During the rotation of the cam 11, the sliding shaft 141 will first slide in the arc groove 112. When the sliding shaft 141 slides in the arc groove 112, the balance support 3 gradually descends. After the roller 33 abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6, the swing pressure rod 32 will continue to swing and compress the spring 321. The elastic force of the spring 321 acts on the cylindrical shell workpiece 6. The radial pressure of the roller 33 on the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is opposite in direction to the radial pressure of the cutter head 221 on the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 and cancels each other out. This can prevent the connection between the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 and the handle part 61 from bending or breaking due to excessive radial force. Step 3: The inner hole of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is machined using a small depth of cut layer by layer, that is, the single depth of cutter head 221 is small. After the tool holder 2 reaches the target infeed position, the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 moves relative to the cutter head 221 through the transverse movement of the transverse mechanism 53 to achieve cutting. Once the transverse mechanism 53 completes one round-trip motion, it completes one cut of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6. During the transverse movement of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6, the roller 33 and the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 can slide relative to each other. Step 4: Continue to control the electric actuator 42 to retract, so that the tool holder 2 rises to a certain extent, and completes the next cutting feed; During this process, since the sliding shaft 141 is already in the annular groove 111, the cam 11 continues to rotate, and the balance bracket 3 remains longitudinally stationary, so the compression of the spring 321 remains unchanged. Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 to complete the raceway machining of the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 layer by layer; Step Six: After one raceway is completed, the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 is rotated by the rotating mechanism 52 at a certain angle to process the next raceway. After all the processing is completed, the cylindrical shell workpiece 6 can be removed.

[0051] For cylindrical shell workpieces 6 of different specifications, the height of the processing support 4 can be adjusted by the lifting platform 41, thereby adjusting the reference height of the tool holder 2 and the balance support 3.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0053] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device for machining a cylindrical shell, comprising a machining support (4) and a workpiece moving assembly (5), wherein the machining support (4) is disposed on the workpiece moving assembly (5), and the workpiece moving assembly (5) clamps a cylindrical shell workpiece (6) at its center position, characterized in that: Also includes: Tool holder (2) and balance bracket (3), the tool holder (2) is engaged and slidably mounted on the processing bracket (4), and the balance bracket (3) is engaged and slidably mounted on the processing bracket (4). Both the tool holder (2) and the balance bracket (3) slide along the longitudinal direction of the processing bracket (4). Synchronous support (1) is fixed in the processing support (4). Tool holder (2) and balance support (3) are both connected to synchronous support (1). When tool holder (2) moves up and down, it can drive balance support (3) to move up and down through synchronous support (1).

2. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the synchronous support (1) is provided with a cam (11), and the cam (11) is provided with a continuous annular groove (111) and an arc groove (112). The center of the annular groove (111) is coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the cam (11). The lower part is provided with an arc-shaped hanger (14), and the end of the arc-shaped hanger (14) is provided with a sliding shaft (141). The sliding shaft (141) is engaged and slidably disposed in the annular groove (111) and the arc groove (112).

3. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cam (11) has symmetrically arranged cam shafts (113) on both sides. A synchronous push rod (12) is hinged on the cam shaft (113). A push rod base (13) is hinged to the other end of the synchronous push rod (12). The push rod base (13) is fixed to the tool holder (2). When the tool holder (2) is raised and lowered, it can drive the cam (11) to rotate through the synchronous push rod (12).

4. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the balance support (3) is provided with a pressure plate (31), and the two sides of the pressure plate (31) are hinged with swing pressure rods (32), and the end of the swing pressure rods (32) is provided with rollers (33).

5. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure plate (31) is also provided with symmetrical extension plates (311) on both sides, and a spring (321) is provided between the extension plate (311) and the swing pressure rod (32).

6. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 5, characterized in that: The workpiece moving assembly (5) includes a clamping plate (51), a rotating mechanism (52), a transverse mechanism (53), and a main base (54). The transverse mechanism (53) is slidably disposed on the main base (54), and the clamping plate (51) and the transverse mechanism (53) are rotatably connected by the rotating mechanism (52).

7. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lifting platform (41) is provided below the processing bracket (4). The lifting platform (41) is located on the main base (54). An electric push rod (42) is provided between the synchronous bracket (1) and the tool holder (2).

8. The fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 7, characterized in that: A machining motor (21) is provided below the tool holder (2), and a tool bar (22) is provided on the output shaft of the machining motor (21). A tool head (221) is provided at the end of the tool bar (22).

9. A fastening and clamping device for processing cylindrical shells according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cylindrical shell workpiece (6) is provided with a handle (61) and a shoulder (62). The handle (61) is detachably disposed in the clamping plate (51), and the end face of the clamping plate (51) abuts against the shoulder (62).

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