Anti-collision laser cutting device and anti-collision early warning method

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-collision laser cutting device and an anti-collision early warning method, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment. The anti-collision laser cutting device comprises a laser module, a mounting shell and a composite nozzle which are sequentially connected. The end of the mounting shell facing the laser module is provided with a signal processing plate, and the signal processing plate is connected with a first detection part and a second detection part. The first detection part is arranged at the end of the composite nozzle away from the mounting shell. The second detection part is arranged at the side wall of the mounting shell. A cooling assembly is further arranged in the mounting shell and is arranged between the signal processing plate and the composite nozzle. The first detection part and the second detection part are arranged at the composite nozzle and the side wall of the mounting shell respectively, so that the distance between the anti-collision laser cutting device and obstacles during vertical and horizontal movement is monitored, the collision problem during the operation of the laser cutting device is effectively avoided, the cutting efficiency and the cutting quality of the plate are improved, energy is saved, and the design concept of green environmental protection is embodied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, specifically relating to an anti-collision laser cutting device and an anti-collision warning method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting uses a high-power-density focused laser beam to scan the surface of a sheet metal, heating the material to thousands or even tens of thousands of degrees Celsius in a very short time. This causes the material to melt or vaporize, and then high-pressure gas blows the molten or vaporized material away from the cutting kerf, thus achieving the cutting process. Due to its advantages such as high cutting speed, high production efficiency, and good cut surface quality, laser cutting has become one of the main methods for cutting metal sheets.

[0003] With the widespread use of laser cutting equipment, existing equipment is no longer sufficient for cutting conventional flat plates. There are increasingly more requirements for cutting thickness and shape. When cutting non-planar plates, to ensure cutting quality and equipment safety, the laser cutting equipment needs to maintain a constant thickness distance from the plate surface. When encountering bulges or depressions, the equipment needs to be raised or lowered accordingly to guarantee cutting quality and efficiency. Furthermore, when cutting irregular shapes, the equipment needs to bend on the plate surface. However, these bends in a plane or vertical raising and lowering can easily lead to collisions with the plate surface or surrounding components, causing damage or even rendering the internal circuitry or the laser's optical lens unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-collision laser cutting device to solve the problem that existing laser cutting equipment is easily damaged by contact with the plate or surrounding obstacles during the cutting process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an anti-collision laser cutting device, comprising: Laser module; The mounting housing is connected to the laser module; The mounting housing has a signal processing board at the end facing the laser module, and the signal processing board is connected to a first detection unit and a second detection unit. The first detection unit is located at the end of the composite nozzle away from the mounting housing, and the first detection unit is used to detect the distance between the composite nozzle and the obstacle along a first direction; The second detection unit is disposed on the side wall of the mounting housing, and the second detection unit is used to detect the distance between the mounting housing and the obstacle in a plane perpendicular to the first direction; A composite nozzle is connected to the mounting housing; and A cooling assembly is disposed within the mounting housing and located between the signal processing board and the composite nozzle.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cooling assembly includes an inlet and an outlet disposed on the side wall of the mounting housing, the inlet and the outlet being arranged side by side at intervals along a second direction, and a connecting pipe being provided between the inlet and the outlet, the connecting pipe forming a cooling channel extending in a three-dimensional direction within the mounting housing.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline are connected sequentially from end to end between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; Wherein, the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline are arranged along the fourth direction, the second pipeline and the fourth pipeline are extended along the third direction, and the third pipeline is extended along the second direction; The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the fourth direction is arranged to intersect with the first direction and the third direction respectively.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, a redundant pipe is formed at one end of the second pipe connected to the first pipe, and the end of the second pipe away from the redundant pipe penetrates the side wall of the mounting housing, and a sealing element is provided at the point where the second pipe penetrates the side wall of the mounting housing. One end of the fourth pipe that connects to the fifth pipe forms a redundant pipe. The end of the fourth pipe that is away from the redundant pipe passes through the side wall of the mounting housing, and a sealing element is provided where the fourth pipe passes through the side wall of the mounting housing.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite nozzle includes a ceramic part and a nozzle part arranged sequentially along a first direction, and the mounting housing and the ceramic part are provided with a first through hole along the first direction. A first wire is provided in the first through hole, and the first wire connects the signal processing board to the first detection part. The first conductor includes a silver wire and a sleeve wrapped around the outer periphery of the silver wire, with the outer wall of the sleeve attached to the inner wall of the first through hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit along the first direction is 50~150mm.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mounting housing is provided with a mounting groove on the side facing the laser module, the signal processing board is embedded in the mounting groove, and a sealing plate is provided at the opening of the mounting groove to close the opening.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a vulnerable connector is also provided between the mounting housing and the laser module; The vulnerable connector is connected to the mounting housing and the laser module at both ends, and the vulnerable connector has a weak part with a radial cross-section smaller than other areas.

[0013] The present invention also includes a collision avoidance warning method for the collision avoidance laser cutting device, which includes the following steps: The signal processing board acquires the first signal detected by the first detection unit, and the signal processing board compares the first signal with a first standard signal. When the difference between the first signal and the first standard signal is less than a set threshold, the displacement of the anti-collision laser cutting device along the first direction is adjusted. The signal processing board acquires the second signal detected by the first detection unit, and the signal processing board compares the second signal with the first standard signal. When the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is less than a set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device stops working; when the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is greater than the set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device continues to work along the set path. The first signal and the second signal detected by the first detection unit are capacitance changes based on the distance between the first detection unit and the surface of the plate.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the signal processing board acquires the first signal detected by the first detection unit, it further includes correcting the first signal: The signal processing board converts the capacitance change value detected by the first detection unit into a signal waveform. The signal processing board corrects the signal waveform to a standard signal waveform based on the distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit. The signal processing board obtains the distance between the composite nozzle and the surface of the plate based on the standard signal waveform. The standard signal waveform is the signal waveform obtained by the signal processing board when the signal processing board is set at the end of the composite nozzle away from the mounting housing.

[0015] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include: (1) The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention, by setting a first detection part and a second detection part on the composite nozzle and the side wall of the mounting housing respectively, realizes the distance between the composite nozzle and the obstacle in the first direction, and the distance between the side wall of the mounting housing and the obstacle in the direction perpendicular to the first direction. This realizes the distance monitoring between the anti-collision laser cutting device and the obstacle during vertical and horizontal movement, effectively avoiding collision problems during the operation of the laser cutting device. In addition, the present invention places the signal processing board on the top, and installs the signal processing board on the end of the mounting housing away from the composite nozzle, so that the signal processing board is as far away from the heat source as possible, reducing the impact of the high temperature generated by the laser cutting material on the signal processing board; at the same time, the present invention sets a cooling component between the signal processing board and the composite nozzle, forming a barrier between the signal processing board and the heat source, thereby reducing the heat transfer from the cutting material end to the signal processing board, ensuring the stable operation of the signal processing board, and realizing the accurate detection of the distance of the laser cutting device to the obstacle.

[0017] (2) The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention provides a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet on the mounting housing, and a cooling channel extending in three dimensions between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, thereby allowing the cooling liquid to flow inside the mounting housing to remove heat from the mounting housing. The cooling channel extends in three dimensions, which increases the contact area and contact time between the cooling liquid and the inside of the mounting housing, thereby improving the cooling effect on the mounting housing.

[0018] (3) The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention, by setting the connecting pipes into a combination arrangement of multiple pipes, the combination of the first to the fifth pipes can form a loop structure in the mounting housing, which facilitates the flow and spread of cooling liquid in the mounting housing. In addition, the combination of multiple pipes allows the operator to drill holes in the mounting housing in various directions to form interconnected pipes.

[0019] (4) The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention uses silver wire as the conductor structure to reduce the conductor resistance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit, thereby ensuring accurate signal transmission. In addition, the present invention wraps the silver wire with a sleeve, and makes the sleeve fit tightly against the inner wall of the first through hole, so as to avoid the first conductor from shaking during the operation of the anti-collision laser cutting device, and ensure stable signal transmission between the first detection unit and the signal processing board.

[0020] (5) The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention adjusts the arrangement position of the signal processing board and the spread distance of the compression cooling assembly in the first direction to control the distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit along the first direction to be between 50 and 150 mm. Testing shows that when the distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit along the first direction is between 50 and 150 mm, the delay of the signal processing board receiving the signal transmitted by the first detection unit is between 5 and 15 ms, which basically ensures that the anti-collision laser cutting device can stably avoid obstacles during the cutting process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-collision laser cutting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure at the mounting housing location in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting housing in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the signal processing board and the first and second detection units in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing board structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an assembly diagram of the laser module and the mounting housing in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the vulnerable connector and the locking pin in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a waveform diagram of the signal generated by the detection part at the nozzle of the existing laser cutting device's signal processing board. Figure 10 This is a waveform diagram formed by the signal processing board acquiring the signal from the first detection unit in the anti-collision laser cutting device in this embodiment of the invention.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Laser module; 2. Mounting housing; 3. Composite nozzle; 4. Signal processing board; 5. First detection unit; 6. Second detection unit; 7. Cooling assembly; 8. First wire; 9. Second wire; 10. Mounting groove; 11. Sealing plate; 12. Vulnerable joint; 13. Weak part; 14. Conical platform; 15. Locking post; 301. Ceramic section; 302. Nozzle section; 701. Liquid inlet; 702. Liquid outlet; 703. First pipeline; 704. Second pipeline; 705. Third pipeline; 706. Fourth pipeline; 707. Fifth pipeline; 708. Redundant pipeline; 709. Sealing component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] Example: Please see Figures 1-9 The anti-collision laser cutting device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a laser module 1 and a mounting housing 2 connected to the laser module. A signal processing board 4 is provided at one end of the mounting housing 2 facing the laser module 1, and the signal processing board 4 is connected to a first detection unit 5 and a second detection unit 6. The first detection unit 5 is located at the end of the composite nozzle 3 facing away from the mounting housing 2, and is used to detect the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and an obstacle along a first direction. The second detection unit 6 is located on the side wall of the mounting housing 2, and is used to detect the distance between the mounting housing 2 and the obstacle along a plane perpendicular to the first direction. The composite nozzle 3 is connected to the mounting housing 2. The anti-collision laser cutting device also includes a cooling assembly 7, which is located inside the mounting housing 2 and between the signal processing board 4 and the composite nozzle 3.

[0029] In conventional laser cutting equipment, the composite nozzle 3 mainly consists of a nozzle body and a nozzle head at the end. The nozzle head is usually a metal structure, conical in shape, and relatively small in size. It contains a complex internal airflow design, such as a Laval structure, to compress and accelerate the airflow. Conventional laser cutting equipment nozzle heads do not have the capability to accommodate distance measuring devices. Typically, the signal processing board 4 is located at the lower end of the nozzle body and uses a downward-extending probe to detect the distance between the laser cutting equipment and the material, avoiding hard contact between them. However, this placement of the signal processing board 4 near the nozzle head causes the heat generated during nozzle head operation to be directly conducted to the signal processing board 4. This results in the signal processing board 4 being continuously baked at high temperatures during operation. The high temperature causes changes in resistance, affecting the probe's detection accuracy and leading to deviations in the electrical signal received by the signal processing board 4. Ultimately, this results in errors in the distance detection between the laser cutting equipment and the material.

[0030] The anti-collision laser cutting device of this invention utilizes a first detection unit 5 and a second detection unit 6 respectively installed on the side wall of the composite nozzle 3 and the mounting housing 2. This enables the detection of the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and an obstacle in a first direction, and between the side wall of the mounting housing 2 and the obstacle in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. This allows for distance monitoring of the anti-collision laser cutting device during vertical and horizontal movement, effectively preventing collisions during operation. Furthermore, by placing the signal processing board 4 on top and mounting it at the end of the mounting housing 2 away from the composite nozzle 3, the signal processing board 4 is kept as far away from the heat source as possible, reducing the impact of high temperatures generated by the laser cutting material on the signal processing board 4. Simultaneously, by installing a cooling component 7 between the signal processing board 4 and the composite nozzle 3, a barrier is formed between the signal processing board 4 and the heat source, reducing heat transfer from the cutting material end to the signal processing board 4, ensuring stable operation of the signal processing board 4, and achieving accurate distance detection of obstacles by the laser cutting device. The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention significantly improves the operational stability and safety of the anti-collision laser cutting device by optimizing the position of the signal processing board 4 and the composite nozzle 3 and adding a cooling component 7, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and quality of the plate material, saving energy, and embodying the green and environmentally friendly design concept.

[0031] Optionally, the first detection unit 5 in this invention is a spring-loaded probe, and the second detection unit 6 is a BNC connector. Both the spring-loaded probe and the BNC connector are commonly used ranging components in the laser cutting field, and will not be described in detail here. It is worth noting that the spring-loaded probe and the BNC connector in this invention are only used to sense changes in capacitance, and the specific change in capacitance value is calculated and obtained by the signal processing board 4. Of course, the first detection unit 5 and the second detection unit 6 in this invention can also be other devices capable of detecting the distance to obstacles.

[0032] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the cooling assembly 7 includes an inlet 701 and an outlet 702 disposed on the side wall of the mounting housing 2. The inlet 701 and the outlet 702 are arranged side by side at intervals along a second direction, and a connecting pipe is provided between the inlet 701 and the outlet 702. The connecting pipe forms a cooling channel extending in a three-dimensional direction within the mounting housing 2. The present invention, by providing an inlet 701 and an outlet 702 on the mounting housing 2 and establishing a cooling channel extending in a three-dimensional direction between them, allows the cooling liquid to flow within the mounting housing 2, thereby removing heat from the mounting housing 2. The three-dimensional extension of the cooling channel increases the contact area and contact time between the cooling liquid and the interior of the mounting housing 2, thus improving the cooling effect on the mounting housing 2. In the present invention, the cooling channel refers to a pipe extending within the mounting housing 2 and ultimately connecting the inlet 701 and the outlet 702, realizing the flow of cooling liquid within the mounting housing 2.

[0033] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the inlet 701 and outlet 702 are sequentially connected by a first pipe 703, a second pipe 704, a third pipe 705, a fourth pipe 706, and a fifth pipe 707; wherein, the first pipe 703 and the fifth pipe 707 are arranged along a fourth direction, the second pipe 704 and the fourth pipe 706 are arranged along a third direction, and the third pipe 705 is arranged along a second direction, with the first, second, and third directions being mutually perpendicular, and the fourth direction intersecting the first and third directions respectively. The mounting housing 2 in the present invention is a solid structure, with vertical through-holes inside for the laser and blown gas to pass through, and the cooling assembly 7 is embedded inside the mounting housing 2. Because the mounting housing 2 is a solid structure, it is difficult to form conventional curved pipes within the mounting housing 2. Based on this, the present invention, by arranging the connecting pipes in a combination of multiple pipes, specifically the combination of the first pipe 703 to the fifth pipe 707, can form a loop structure within the mounting housing 2, facilitating the flow and spread of cooling liquid within the mounting housing 2. Furthermore, the combination of multiple pipes allows operators to drill holes in various directions within the mounting housing 2 to create interconnected pipes.

[0034] Preferably, the first direction in this invention is vertical, the second direction and the third direction are two mutually perpendicular directions in the horizontal plane, and the fourth direction is a direction in the plane of the first direction and the third direction that is inclined to the first direction and the third direction.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second pipe 704 is connected to the first pipe 703 at one end and a redundant pipe 708 is formed thereon. The end of the second pipe 704 away from the redundant pipe 708 passes through the side wall of the mounting housing 2, and a sealing element 709 is provided at the point where the second pipe 704 passes through the side wall of the mounting housing 2. The fourth pipe 706 is connected to the fifth pipe 707 at one end and a redundant pipe 708 is formed thereon. The end of the fourth pipe 706 away from the redundant pipe 708 passes through the side wall of the mounting housing 2, and a sealing element 709 is provided at the point where the fourth pipe 706 passes through the side wall of the mounting housing 2. In this invention, the first pipe 703, the second pipe 704, the third pipe 705, the fourth pipe 706, and the fifth pipe 707 are all straight pipes. Each pipe is formed by opening holes in the side wall of the mounting housing 2. Since the first pipe 703 and the fifth pipe 707 are arranged at an angle, to ensure that the first pipe 703 and the fifth pipe 707 are respectively connected to the second pipe 704 and the fourth pipe 706, this invention appropriately extends the pipe distance between the second pipe 704 and the fourth pipe 706, forming a redundant pipe 708 at the end where they respectively connect to the first pipe 703 and the fifth pipe 707. This ensures a continuous connection between the second pipe 704 and the first pipe 703, and between the fourth pipe 706 and the fifth pipe 707. Furthermore, the ends of the first pipe 703 and the fifth pipe 707 that penetrate the side wall of the mounting housing 2 are the liquid inlet 701 and the liquid outlet 702, respectively. These do not need to be sealed and can be subsequently connected to the liquid conveying device and the return device. After the second pipe 704 and the fourth pipe 706 are drilled, they will form gaps on the side wall of the mounting housing 2. Therefore, a sealing element 709 needs to be installed at the mounting housing 2 to prevent the internal coolant from flowing out from the gaps formed by the drilled holes. Similarly, the third pipe 705 is drilled along the third direction, so it will also form a gap on the side wall of the mounting housing 2. The gap formed by the third pipe 705 on the side wall of the mounting housing 2 is also sealed by the sealing element 709.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite nozzle 3 includes a ceramic part 301 and a nozzle part 302 arranged sequentially along a first direction. A first through hole is formed in the mounting housing 2 and the ceramic part 301 along the first direction. A first wire 8 is provided within the first through hole, connecting the signal processing board 4 to the first detection part 5. The first wire 8 includes a silver wire and a sleeve wrapped around the silver wire, with the outer wall of the sleeve attached to the inner wall of the first through hole. Compared to a conventional signal processing board 4 located adjacent to the first detection part 5, the signal processing board 4 and the first detection part 5 in the present invention are separated by the ceramic part 301 and the cooling assembly 7. This results in a longer distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection part 5, leading to increased resistance between them, affecting the signal strength received by the signal processing board 4, and also increasing the transmission distance, which also affects the time it takes for the signal processing board 4 to receive the detection signal from the first detection part 5. Therefore, the present invention uses a silver wire as the wire structure to reduce the wire resistance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection part 5, ensuring accurate signal transmission. In addition, the present invention wraps the silver wire with a sleeve and makes the sleeve fit tightly against the inner wall of the first through hole to avoid the first wire 8 from shaking during the operation of the anti-collision laser cutting device, and to ensure stable signal transmission between the first detection unit 5 and the signal processing board 4.

[0037] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first detection part 5 of the present invention extends out of the first through hole and is at least partially located outside the ceramic part 301. A sealing element is provided at the junction of the first detection part 5 and the first through hole. The sealing element seals the junction of the first detection part 5 and the first through hole to prevent impurities, welding slag and other materials generated during the plate cutting process from splashing into the first through hole, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the first detection part 5.

[0038] Furthermore, in this invention, the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction is 50-150mm. The distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 affects signal transmission efficiency, thus causing a delay in distance detection by the anti-collision laser cutting device. Based on this, this invention adjusts the arrangement position of the signal processing board 4 and the spread distance of the compression cooling assembly 7 along the first direction to control the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction to be between 50-150mm. Testing shows that when the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction is between 50-150mm, the delay in the signal processing board 4 receiving the signal transmitted by the first detection unit 5 is between 5-15ms, which basically ensures stable obstacle avoidance by the anti-collision laser cutting device during the cutting process.

[0039] It is understood that in this invention, the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction increases with the increase of the cutting power of the laser module 1. When the cutting power of the laser module 1 is high, the surface temperature of the plate is also higher, so it is necessary to appropriately increase the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction to keep the signal processing board 4 away from the heat source.

[0040] Further, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mounting housing 2 of the present invention has a mounting groove 10 on the side facing the laser module 1, the signal processing board 4 is embedded in the mounting groove 10, and a sealing plate 11 is provided at the opening of the mounting groove 10 to close the opening. The present invention provides a mounting groove 10 on the mounting housing 2 so that the signal processing board 4 is embedded in the mounting groove 10, thereby controlling the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 along the first direction. Furthermore, by providing a sealing plate 11 at the opening of the mounting groove 10, stable operation of the signal processing board 4 within the mounting groove 10 is ensured. Optionally, the sealing plate 11 is provided at the opening of the mounting groove 10 by means of threaded connection or snap-fit, etc.

[0041] Optionally, the signal processing board 4 in this invention is connected to the second detection unit 6 via the second wire 9. The second detection unit 6 is located on the side wall of the mounting housing 2. The distance between the signal processing board 4 and the second detection unit 6 is relatively close, and both the signal processing board 4 and the second detection unit 6 are far away from the heat source (the cutting part of the plate). The signal processing board 4 can quickly and accurately receive the signal emitted by the second detection unit 6.

[0042] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, a vulnerable joint 12 is also provided between the mounting housing 2 and the laser module 1. The two ends of the vulnerable joint 12 are respectively connected to the mounting housing 2 and the laser module 1, and the vulnerable joint 12 has a weak part 13 with a radial cross-section smaller than other areas. During the laser cutting process, when the first detection unit 5 or the second detection unit 6 detects a deviation in the distance from the obstacle, it is easy to cause the composite nozzle 3 or the mounting housing 2 to make hard contact with the obstacle. At this time, the extrusion force on the composite nozzle 3 or the mounting housing 2 will be directly transmitted to the laser module 1, causing damage to the laser, lens assembly, etc. inside the laser module 1. Since the laser and lens assembly are the core components of the cutting device, the damage to the laser and lens assembly basically represents the damage to the entire laser cutting device. Therefore, by setting a vulnerable joint 12 between the mounting housing 2 and the laser module 1, the present invention will break at the weak point when the composite nozzle 3 or the mounting housing 2 collides with an obstacle, thereby preventing external stress from being transmitted to the laser module 1. In subsequent maintenance, only the composite nozzle 3, the mounting housing 2 or the vulnerable joint 12 need to be replaced, so that the laser cutting device can be reused and the damage caused by accidental collisions to the laser cutting device can be reduced.

[0043] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the vulnerable connector 12 is threadedly connected to the mounting housing 2 and the laser module 1 at both ends. When the mounting housing 2 or the composite nozzle 3 collides with an obstacle, the vulnerable connector 12 breaks off from the weak part 13, thereby separating the laser module 1 from the mounting housing 2.

[0044] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, one end of the vulnerable connector 12 is threadedly connected to the laser module 1, and the other end extends vertically into the mounting housing 2. The mounting housing 2 has an embedding groove along the first direction, and the vulnerable connector 12 partially extends into the embedding groove. At the same time, the vulnerable connector 12 has a conical platform 14 formed along the first direction, which faces the composite nozzle 3. The embedding groove has a locking groove perpendicular to the first direction, and a locking pin 15 is provided in the locking groove. The locking pin 15 is threaded in the locking groove and faces the conical platform 14 of the vulnerable connector 12. The end of the locking pin 15 facing the vulnerable connector 12 is a truncated cone. To facilitate the locking connection between the laser module 1 and the mounting housing 2, the present invention uses a vulnerable connector 12 and a locking pin 15 to cooperate. When the locking pin 15 is screwed toward the conical platform 14, the conical end of the locking pin 15 fits against the conical platform 14, and the conical end of the locking pin 15 is engaged with the conical platform 14, thus connecting the laser module 1 and the mounting housing 2 into one unit.

[0045] The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention reduces the impact of heat generated during the cutting process on the cooling component 7 by placing the signal processing board 4 on top and setting a cooling component 7 between the signal processing board 4 and the composite nozzle 3, ensuring that the signal processing board 4 is far away from the heat source, improving the working stability of the signal processing board 4, and ensuring the detection accuracy of the first detection unit 5 and the second detection unit 6. On the other hand, the upward placement of the signal processing board 4 in this invention increases the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5, affecting the resistance of the wires between the first detection unit 5 and the signal processing board 4 and the signal transmission efficiency. This invention uses silver wire as the first wire 8 to reduce the resistance of the first wire 8 and ensure that the signal sensed by the first detection unit 5 is stably transmitted to the signal processing board 4. On the other hand, this invention limits the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 to between 50 and 150 mm by opening a mounting groove 10 on the mounting housing 2 and compressing the length of the cooling assembly 7 along the first direction. This ensures that the signal delay between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 is between 5 and 15 ms, and that the anti-collision laser cutting device can avoid obstacles in time, preventing the anti-collision laser cutting device from contacting obstacles during processing and causing damage to the laser cutting device. The anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention adjusts the arrangement of the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 in the anti-collision laser cutting device, coordinates the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the heat source, and reduces the heat transfer from the heat source to the signal processing board 4; controls the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 to ensure that the signal delay between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 is within a reasonable range, thereby achieving a balance between the accuracy and timeliness of the distance detection between the anti-collision laser cutting device and the obstacle, and reducing the probability of the anti-collision laser cutting device colliding with the obstacle during the cutting process.

[0046] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the anti-collision laser cutting device of the present invention is further provided with a control component, which is communicatively connected to the signal processing board 4. The control component is used to receive first distance information and second distance information emitted by the signal processing board 4, and adjust the displacement and moving speed of the anti-collision laser cutting device according to the first distance information and the second distance information. Specifically, the first distance information is the distance from the first detection unit 5 to the surface of the plate, and the second distance information is the distance from the mounting housing 2 to the circumferential obstacle.

[0047] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also includes a collision prevention warning method for a collision prevention laser cutting device, which includes the following steps: The signal processing board 4 acquires the first signal detected by the first detection unit 5, and compares the first signal with the first standard signal. When the difference between the first signal and the first standard signal is greater than the set threshold, the displacement of the anti-collision laser cutting device along the first direction is adjusted. The signal processing board 4 acquires the second signal detected by the first detection unit 5, and compares the second signal with the first standard signal. When the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is greater than a set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device stops working; when the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is less than or equal to the set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device continues to work along the set path. Among them, the first signal and the second signal detected by the first detection unit 5 are capacitance change values ​​based on the distance feedback between the first detection unit 5 and the surface of the plate.

[0048] Specifically, the anti-collision warning method of this invention is used for anti-collision warning of an anti-collision laser cutting device. It determines the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the sheet material based on a first signal detected by the first detection unit 5. When there is a protrusion or depression on the sheet material surface, the first signal changes accordingly. By adjusting the anti-collision laser cutting device accordingly, the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the sheet material surface is kept within a reasonable range, ensuring normal cutting of the sheet material and preventing collision between the anti-collision laser cutting device and the sheet material during cutting. When the sheet material arches in a portion due to cutting, forming an obstacle in the cutting direction, and the difference between the second signal detected by the first detection unit 5 and the first standard signal is still less than a set threshold when the anti-collision laser cutting device is adjusted vertically (the sheet material forms an obstacle that cannot be overcome by moving the anti-collision laser cutting device upwards), it is determined that there is a problem with the cutting, and the anti-collision laser cutting device needs to be stopped so that personnel can inspect and remove the obstacle. In this invention, the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the sheet material surface refers to the distance between the end of the nozzle portion 302 of the composite nozzle 3 and the sheet material surface.

[0049] It is worth noting that the anti-collision laser cutting device usually cuts according to the set path and speed. When the first detection unit 5 detects the surface of the plate, the capacitance change value of the first detection unit 5 is affected by the morphology around the cutting position of the plate. If the surface of the plate only has unevenness, the capacitance change value will be adjusted accordingly after the anti-collision laser cutting device is raised and lowered vertically. However, when the surface of the plate is arched to form an obstacle (part of the plate is warped), the relative position between the obstacle and the first detection unit 5 does not change significantly after the anti-collision laser cutting device is raised and lowered vertically, resulting in the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal still being less than the set threshold. At this time, the anti-collision laser cutting device needs to be stopped.

[0050] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, after the signal processing board 4 acquires the first signal detected by the first detection unit 5, it further includes correcting the first signal: The signal processing board 4 converts the capacitance change value detected by the first detection unit 5 into a signal waveform. The signal processing board 4 corrects the signal waveform to a standard signal waveform based on the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5. The signal processing board 4 obtains the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate based on the standard signal waveform. The standard signal waveform is the signal waveform obtained by the signal processing board 4 when the composite nozzle 3 is positioned at the end opposite to the mounting housing 2.

[0051] Specifically, during the operation of a conventional laser cutting device, the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 are positioned adjacent to each other. The resistance of the wires between them is low, and the transmission distance is short. When the first detection unit 5 detects a change in capacitance, the signal can be quickly and unimpededly transmitted to the signal processing board 4. However, when the signal processing board 4 is positioned upwards, the distance between the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5 increases, the length of the first wire 8 increases, the resistance increases, and the transmission distance is extended. This results in a deviation in the capacitance change value received by the signal processing board 4, manifesting as a decrease in the signal waveform amplitude. Since signal waveform analysis in conventional laser cutting devices is based on the proximity of the signal processing board 4 and the first detection unit 5, modifications to the overall laser cutting device, such as changes to the signal processing board 4 circuitry or waveform algorithm, are necessary to minimize modifications. This invention uses the signal waveform from a conventional laser cutting device as the standard signal waveform. By correcting the signal waveform analyzed by the signal processing board 4 in this invention to the standard signal waveform, rapid detection and calibration of the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the sheet material can be achieved, facilitating the position adjustment of the anti-collision laser cutting device. In this invention, the signal waveform correction analyzed by the signal processing board 4 is a standard signal waveform, which is a common adjustment method in the field. For example, the timing and amplitude are corrected separately to achieve the correspondence between the two.

[0052] On the other hand, this invention corrects and adjusts the waveform of the anti-collision laser cutting device based on the waveform diagram of a conventional laser cutting device, such as... Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the existing laser cutting device, before calibration, has a small waveform amplitude and unclear resolution, with a maximum amplitude of around 130mV. When using electronic equipment for sampling, high precision is required, and errors are prone to occur during data acquisition and judgment, resulting in false alarms. This invention, by adjusting the circuit, increases the waveform amplitude to 200mV. This allows the electronic equipment to use a larger data threshold, making alarm judgments more precise and significantly improving the alarm accuracy of the anti-collision laser cutting device.

[0053] Further, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the standard distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate is 0.5~1mm. When the difference between the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate and the standard distance is within 0.1~0.15mm, the anti-collision laser cutting device operates normally. When the difference between the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate and the standard distance is greater than 0.1~0.15mm, the vertical position of the anti-collision laser cutting device needs to be adjusted or the anti-collision laser cutting device needs to be stopped. Specifically, the standard distance between the conventional composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate is a set value, which is usually within 0.5~1mm depending on the processing requirements. After the standard distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate is determined, a threshold is usually set for the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate. When the difference between the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate and the standard distance is within the threshold, the laser cutting device cuts according to the set path and speed. When the difference between the distance between the composite nozzle 3 and the surface of the plate and the standard distance is greater than the threshold, the position of the laser cutting device needs to be adjusted accordingly or the laser cutting device needs to be stopped. The size of the threshold determines the adjustment frequency of the laser cutting device (the frequency of vertical position adjustment). The conventional threshold is within 0.1~0.2mm. This invention controls the threshold within 0.1~0.15mm to compensate for the delay caused by the length of the first wire 8, that is, to adjust the position of the laser cutting device in advance or stop it in advance.

[0054] Optionally, the collision avoidance warning method of the present invention further includes: The signal processing board 4 acquires the third signal detected by the second detection unit 6; The signal processing board 4 obtains the minimum distance from the second detection unit 6 to the circumferential obstacle perpendicular to the first direction based on the third signal; When the minimum distance between the second detection unit 6 and the circumferential obstacle perpendicular to the first direction is less than the second set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device is controlled to stop working.

[0055] The second detection unit 6 is mainly used to detect circumferential obstacles of the anti-collision laser cutting device. The cutting path of the anti-collision laser cutting device is usually determined according to the requirements. When there is a risk of collision between the anti-collision laser cutting device and the circumferential obstacle on the cutting path, the anti-collision laser cutting device is controlled to stop working.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision-resistant laser cutting device, characterized in that, include: Laser module; The mounting housing is connected to the laser module; The mounting housing has a signal processing board at the end facing the laser module, and the signal processing board is connected to a first detection unit and a second detection unit. The first detection unit is located at the end of the composite nozzle away from the mounting housing, and the first detection unit is used to detect the distance between the composite nozzle and the obstacle along a first direction; The second detection unit is disposed on the side wall of the mounting housing, and the second detection unit is used to detect the distance between the mounting housing and the obstacle in a plane perpendicular to the first direction; A composite nozzle is connected to the mounting housing; and A cooling assembly is disposed within the mounting housing and located between the signal processing board and the composite nozzle.

2. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes an inlet and an outlet on the side wall of the mounting housing. The inlet and outlet are arranged side by side at intervals along a second direction. A connecting pipe is provided between the inlet and the outlet, and the connecting pipe forms a cooling channel extending in three dimensions within the mounting housing.

3. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet and the outlet are connected sequentially by a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe, and a fifth pipe. Wherein, the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline are arranged along the fourth direction, the second pipeline and the fourth pipeline are extended along the third direction, and the third pipeline is extended along the second direction; The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the fourth direction is arranged to intersect with the first direction and the third direction respectively.

4. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the second pipeline connected to the first pipeline forms a redundant pipeline, and the other end of the second pipeline away from the redundant pipeline penetrates the side wall of the mounting housing, with a sealing element provided where the second pipeline penetrates the side wall of the mounting housing; One end of the fourth pipe that connects to the fifth pipe forms a redundant pipe. The end of the fourth pipe that is away from the redundant pipe passes through the side wall of the mounting housing, and a sealing element is provided where the fourth pipe passes through the side wall of the mounting housing.

5. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite nozzle includes a ceramic part and a nozzle part arranged sequentially along a first direction. The mounting housing and the ceramic part are provided with a first through hole along the first direction. A first wire is provided in the first through hole. The first wire connects the signal processing board to the first detection part. The first conductor includes a silver wire and a sleeve wrapped around the outer periphery of the silver wire, with the outer wall of the sleeve attached to the inner wall of the first through hole.

6. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit along the first direction is 50~150mm.

7. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting housing has a mounting groove on the side facing the laser module, the signal processing board is embedded in the mounting groove, and a sealing plate is provided at the opening of the mounting groove to close the opening.

8. The anti-collision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vulnerable connector is also provided between the mounting housing and the laser module; The vulnerable connector is connected to the mounting housing and the laser module at both ends, and the vulnerable connector has a weak part with a radial cross-section smaller than other areas.

9. A collision avoidance warning method, used for collision avoidance warning of the collision avoidance laser cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The signal processing board acquires the first signal detected by the first detection unit, and the signal processing board compares the first signal with a first standard signal. When the difference between the first signal and the first standard signal is less than a set threshold, the displacement of the anti-collision laser cutting device along the first direction is adjusted. The signal processing board acquires the second signal detected by the first detection unit, and the signal processing board compares the second signal with the first standard signal. When the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is less than a set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device stops working; when the difference between the second signal and the first standard signal is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the anti-collision laser cutting device continues to work along the set path. The first signal and the second signal detected by the first detection unit are capacitance changes based on the distance between the first detection unit and the surface of the plate.

10. The collision avoidance warning method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After acquiring the first signal detected by the first detection unit, the signal processing board further includes correcting the first signal: The signal processing board converts the capacitance change value detected by the first detection unit into a signal waveform. The signal processing board corrects the signal waveform to a standard signal waveform based on the distance between the signal processing board and the first detection unit. The signal processing board obtains the distance between the composite nozzle and the surface of the plate based on the standard signal waveform. The standard signal waveform is the signal waveform obtained by the signal processing board when the signal processing board is set at the end of the composite nozzle away from the mounting housing.

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