10kv european shield type front plug automatic assembly equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of front plug component press fitting, in particular to a 10kV European shield type front plug automatic assembly equipment, which comprises an assembly table and a conveying belt, the conveying belt is provided with carrier plates at equal intervals in the conveying direction, the upper end of the carrier plate is provided with a clamp for conveying and positioning the front plug sleeve, one side of the conveying belt is provided with a manipulator for moving the insulating tube to the assembly station, the other side is provided with a press fitting assembly for moving the front plug sleeve until the press fitting is completed, the press fitting assembly comprises a clamping and rotating mechanism for rotating the insulating tube axially, the clamping and rotating mechanism comprises two symmetrical conical tops, the conical top inserts and positions the two short mouths of the front plug sleeve during the assembly process, the side of the conical top is provided with a claw for elastically abutting against the outer wall of the front plug sleeve, the side of the manipulator close to the conveying belt is provided with an oil injection mechanism for providing lubricating liquid to the press fitting position of the front plug sleeve, the device realizes the rotary press fitting of the front plug sleeve and the insulating tube, and improves the product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of front-mounted component press-fitting, specifically to a 10kV European-style shielded front-mounted automatic assembly device. Background Technology

[0002] The 10kV European-style shielded front connector is a key connecting element in power cable accessory systems, widely used in the incoming and outgoing line terminals of equipment such as ring network switchgear, cable junction boxes, and prefabricated substations. The shielded front connector is typically constructed by press-fitting a front connector sleeve and an insulating tube. The precision of the fit between the front connector sleeve and the insulating tube directly affects the product's electrical performance and sealing reliability. However, the shielded front connector sleeve itself is made of rubber-based or composite insulating materials, possessing a certain degree of flexibility and elastic deformation capability, making it a typical flexible component. Its assembly process faces a series of unique technical challenges that differ from those of rigid components.

[0003] Currently, the assembly of shielded front inserts is generally completed manually or semi-automatically. Due to the flexibility of the front insert sleeve, it is difficult to maintain a stable posture during the pressing process, further exacerbating alignment deviations. Furthermore, existing equipment often uses rigid jaws or clamps to fix the front insert sleeve; however, because the front insert sleeve is a flexible component, the rigid clamping force is difficult to control precisely. Insufficient clamping force cannot provide sufficient positioning stability, and the front insert sleeve is prone to displacement or slippage during pressing; excessive clamping force will cause significant compression deformation of the front insert sleeve, especially the two short-end structures, which are highly susceptible to deformation under rigid clamping, directly affecting the alignment accuracy during pressing.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies generally use a linear pressing method to directly press the front insert into the insulating tube. This pressing method is suitable for rigid components, but for flexible front inserts, the static friction resistance between the mating surfaces is extremely high during linear pressing. Under axial compressive force, the front insert is prone to axial compression deformation or radial bulging, resulting in dimensional deviations, improper fit, and even damage to the inner wall of the front insert after pressing, directly affecting the insulation performance and long-term sealing reliability of the product. To reduce the friction resistance of linear pressing, a few existing technologies have attempted to superimpose unidirectional continuous rotation to assist pressing on the basis of linear pressing. However, for flexible front inserts, continuous unidirectional tangential force will cause torsional deformation. Since the front insert material itself has a certain degree of elasticity, residual stress will accumulate inside the front insert during torsion. After pressing, the residual stress is slowly released, causing uncontrollable changes in the fit between the front insert and the insulating tube, seriously affecting the long-term stability of the product. More seriously, the two short-hole structures of the front insert are very prone to torsional deformation under unidirectional torque. This deformation cannot be recovered after pressing, directly leading to product scrap. Existing technologies fail to fully consider the material properties of shielded front inserts as flexible components, and their clamping methods and press-fitting strategies are unsuitable for the precision assembly requirements of flexible components. Therefore, it is necessary to design a specific assembly process for shielded front inserts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly device to address the existing technical problems.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A 10kV European-style shielded pre-installation automatic assembly device includes:

[0008] An assembly table is provided with a conveyor belt running through the top of the assembly table. Carrier plates are arranged in an array at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. A clamp for conveying and positioning the front insert is provided at the top of the carrier plate.

[0009] A robotic arm is installed on one side of the conveyor belt to move the insulating tube to the assembly station, and a pressing assembly is installed on the other side to move the front insert sleeve until it is pressed into the insulating tube. The pressing assembly includes a clamping and rotating mechanism that drives the insulating tube to rotate axially. The clamping and rotating mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged conical tops. During the assembly process, the conical tops are used to insert and position the two short holes of the front insert sleeve. A latch is provided on the side of the conical top to elastically abut against the outer wall of the front insert sleeve.

[0010] The side of the robotic arm closest to the conveyor belt is equipped with an oil spraying mechanism that provides lubricant to the forward insertion sleeve pressing position.

[0011] Furthermore, a clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the output end of the robotic arm, and an arc-shaped expansion pad is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping end of the clamping cylinder that is far away from it. After the clamping cylinder is started, it drives the two arc-shaped expansion pads to tighten the inner wall of the insulating tube from the inside to the outside.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressing assembly also includes two translation devices located on the side of the conveyor belt away from the robot arm, with lifting devices fixedly connected to the moving ends of the two translation devices respectively;

[0013] The clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a truss located on one side of the two lifting devices that are close to each other. The two ends of the truss are fixedly connected to the moving ends of the two lifting devices, and a motor is located on the side of the truss away from the robot arm.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a bidirectional cylinder disposed on the side of the truss away from the motor, the bidirectional cylinder being rotatably connected to the truss and fixedly connected to the output end of the motor;

[0015] The output ends of the two-way cylinder are respectively fixed with pads, and the two conical tops are respectively set on the side of the two pads that are close to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, standard cylinders are fixedly connected to the two platforms on opposite sides. The output end of the standard cylinder is set upward and fixedly connected to a pressure plate. A buffer pad is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate. The conical top cooperates with the buffer pad to achieve bidirectional clamping of the front insert sleeve.

[0017] Furthermore, a pin is fixed to the side of the latch near the pad, and a pin sleeve is fixed to the pin on the same axis. A spring is provided on the side of the pin sleeve near the latch, with one end of the spring fixed to the pin sleeve and the other end fixed to the latch.

[0018] Furthermore, anti-slip pads are fixed to the sides of the two latches that are close to each other.

[0019] Furthermore, a shovel plate is provided at the lower end of the platform, and a wedge-shaped shovel is provided on the side where the two shovel plates are close to each other.

[0020] Furthermore, a gripper cylinder for clamping the end flange of the front sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the bidirectional cylinder away from the truss.

[0021] Furthermore, the oil injection mechanism includes a liquid pump located next to the robot arm. The input end of the liquid pump is connected to an oil tank, and the output end is connected to an oil nozzle. A curved pipe for transmitting lubricating oil is provided on the side of the oil nozzle near the conveyor belt.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0023] This solution fully considers the flexible material characteristics of the shielded front sleeve, abandoning the traditional methods of rigid claw clamping and simple linear pressing that are unsuitable for flexible components. During the clamping process, this solution uses two symmetrically arranged conical tops to synchronously insert and position the two short openings of the front sleeve, combined with the elastic clamping of the side claws against the outer wall of the front sleeve, to achieve multi-point balanced positioning in a flexible state. This ensures that the clamping force is evenly distributed rather than concentrated on a local area, effectively avoiding the squeezing deformation caused by rigid clamping to the flexible front sleeve. At the same time, the claws achieve elastic clamping through a spring structure, and the clamping force can be adaptively adjusted according to the flexible deformation of the front sleeve, ensuring sufficient clamping stability without causing irreversible deformation of the flexible front sleeve due to excessive clamping force.

[0024] Regarding press fitting, this solution employs pre-lubrication before press fitting. In the press fitting process, this solution utilizes a composite press fitting method combining axial reciprocating rotation and axial feeding. Through reciprocating oscillation, the contact surface between the front sleeve and the insulating tube remains in a state of micro-shearing, converting static friction into dynamic friction. This significantly reduces axial press fitting resistance, allowing the flexible front sleeve to withstand far less compressive force during axial feeding than traditional methods. This fundamentally avoids axial compression deformation and radial bulging problems. The alternating tangential forces generated by the reciprocating oscillation cancel each other out, preventing the flexible front sleeve from bearing continuous unidirectional torque, eliminating torsional deformation and residual stress accumulation, and ensuring the dimensional accuracy and long-term sealing reliability of the pressed product. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the robotic arm in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressing assembly and clamping rotation mechanism in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping and rotating mechanism in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping and rotating mechanism in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point C.

[0033] The numbers on the map are:

[0034] 1. Assembly table; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Fixture; 4. Carrier plate; 5. Robotic arm; 6. Clamping cylinder; 7. Arc-shaped expansion pad; 8. Pressing assembly; 9. Translation device; 10. Lifting device; 11. Truss; 12. Motor; 13. Clamping rotation mechanism; 14. Two-way cylinder; 15. Grip cylinder; 16. Standard cylinder; 17. Pressure plate; 18. Buffer pad; 19. Platform; 20. Conical top; 21. Pin; 22. Pin sleeve; 23. Spring; 24. Claw; 25. Anti-slip pad; 26. Shovel plate; 27. Wedge shovel; 28. Oil injection mechanism; 29. ​​Liquid pump; 30. Oil injector; 31. Curved tube. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 8 A 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly device, comprising:

[0037] Assembly table 1, with a conveyor belt 2 running through the upper end of the assembly table 1, and carrier plates 4 arranged in an evenly spaced array along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 2, and a clamp 3 for conveying and positioning the front insert sleeve is provided on the upper end of the carrier plate 4.

[0038] A robotic arm 5 is provided on one side of the conveyor belt 2 to move the insulating tube to the assembly station, and a pressing assembly 8 is provided on the other side to move the front insert sleeve until it is pressed with the insulating tube. The pressing assembly 8 includes a clamping and rotating mechanism 13 that drives the insulating tube to rotate axially. The clamping and rotating mechanism 13 includes two symmetrically arranged conical tops 20. During the assembly process, the conical tops 20 insert and position the two short openings of the front insert sleeve. A latch 24 is provided on the side of the conical tops 20 to elastically abut against the outer wall of the front insert sleeve.

[0039] The robotic arm 5 is equipped with an oil spraying mechanism 28 on the side near the conveyor belt 2 to provide lubricant to the forward insertion sleeve pressing position.

[0040] When this device is in operation, after the equipment is started, the conveyor belt 2 on the upper end of the assembly table 1 runs continuously. Carrier plates 4 are arranged in an evenly spaced array along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 2, and a special clamp 3 is installed on the upper end of each carrier plate 4. Operators or the upstream feeding system place the front inserts into the clamps 3 on the carrier plate 4. The clamps 3 precisely position and transport the front inserts, ensuring that each front insert maintains a uniform posture and position during transport. The carrier plates 4 move step-by-step with the conveyor belt 2, sequentially transporting the front inserts to each assembly station, providing a reliable alignment prerequisite for subsequent pressing processes.

[0041] As the front insert is conveyed to the pressing station along with the carrier plate 4, the oil spraying mechanism 28 of the robotic arm 5, located near the conveyor belt 2, is activated and sprays a measured amount of lubricant onto the mating surface of the front insert's inner cavity, ensuring a uniform lubricant film forms on the mating surface before pressing begins. Subsequently, the robotic arm 5 on one side of the conveyor belt 2 clamps and moves the insulating tube to the assembly station, keeping it stationary. Simultaneously, the pressing assembly 8 on the other side of the conveyor belt 2 begins operation. During assembly, the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 in the pressing assembly 8 includes two symmetrically arranged conical tops 20. These two conical tops 20 position and insert the two short openings of the front insert, achieving precise alignment and clamping. While the two conical tops 20 position the front insert, the latches 24 on the sides of the conical tops 20 simultaneously and elastically press against the outer wall of the front insert, further enhancing clamping stability. Under the combined action of the conical tops 20 and the latches 24, the front insert is reliably fixed.

[0042] After the front insert is reliably clamped and positioned, the clamping rotation mechanism 13 drives the front insert to perform axial reciprocating rotation (i.e., alternating forward and reverse oscillation around the axis of the long opening to be pressed into the front insert). Simultaneously, the pressing assembly 8 drives the front insert to feed at a constant speed towards the stationary insulating tube. Since the mating surfaces of the front insert have been pre-coated with lubricant before pressing, a uniform lubricant film is formed on the mating surfaces, which reduces friction at the initial stage of pressing. Furthermore, the reciprocating rotation keeps the contact surface between the front insert and the insulating tube in a state of micro-shearing, further converting static friction into dynamic friction and significantly reducing axial pressing resistance. At the same time, the alternating tangential forces generated by the reciprocating oscillation cancel each other out, preventing stress concentration and structural damage to the insulating tube due to unidirectional torsion. The pre-lubrication of the oil injection mechanism 28 and the reciprocating rotation of the press assembly 8 are sequentially coordinated to ensure that oil injection is completed after the front sleeve is clamped and positioned and before the press feed begins. No oil is supplied during the press feed process, preventing excessive accumulation or loss of lubricant. After press feed is completed, the conical top 20 and the latch 24 cooperate to place the front sleeve back onto the upper end of the carrier plate 4. The clamp 3 clamps and positions the assembled front sleeve, and then the carrier plate 4 continues to be conveyed forward to enter the next cycle.

[0043] To facilitate the mating of the insulating tube and the front insert, the following features are specifically designed:

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a clamping cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the output end of the robotic arm 5. An arc-shaped expansion pad 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping end of the clamping cylinder 6 that is far away from it. After the clamping cylinder 6 is started, it drives the two arc-shaped expansion pads 7 to tighten the inner wall of the insulating tube from the inside to the outside.

[0045] An arc-shaped expanding pad 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping end of the clamping cylinder 6 that is far from the clamping end. After the clamping cylinder 6 is activated, the two arc-shaped expanding pads 7 expand outward synchronously as the clamping end opens, tightening the inner wall of the insulating tube from the inside out. The arc-shaped working surface of the arc-shaped expanding pad 7 matches the arc-shaped contour of the inner wall of the insulating tube, increasing the contact area and distributing the tightening force evenly in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the insulating tube, avoiding excessive local stress or deformation of the inner wall of the insulating tube caused by point contact tightening. Through this tightening method from the inside out, the robot arm 5 not only achieves stable clamping and handling of the insulating tube, but more importantly, ensures that the insulating tube maintains a fixed posture and positional accuracy throughout the pressing process. Compared with the traditional external clamping method, the internal clamping does not occupy the space of the outer wall of the insulating tube, avoids spatial interference with the pressing assembly 8 during the pressing of the front insert, and provides an unobstructed assembly path for the front insert to be smoothly inserted from the end of the insulating tube.

[0046] In order to drive the clamping rotation mechanism 13 to perform two-dimensional combined motion, the following features are specifically provided:

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressing assembly 8 also includes two translation devices 9 disposed on the side of the conveyor belt 2 away from the robot arm 5, and the moving ends of the two translation devices 9 are respectively fixedly connected to lifting devices 10.

[0048] The clamping and rotating mechanism 13 also includes a truss 11 disposed on one side close to the two lifting devices 10. The two ends of the truss 11 are fixedly connected to the moving ends of the two lifting devices 10 respectively. A motor 12 is disposed on the side of the truss 11 away from the robot arm 5.

[0049] The combination of translation device 9 and lifting device 10 forms a two-dimensional planar motion system, enabling the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 to move precisely to the position of the front insert sleeve positioned by the upper plate 4 of the conveyor belt 2. This symmetrical layout design of the double translation device 9 and the double lifting device 10 ensures balanced force on both ends of the truss 11, avoids the off-center load and jamming caused by single-sided drive, and guarantees the attitude stability and positioning accuracy of the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 during movement, providing precise spatial position guarantee for the accurate insertion of the conical top 20 into the short opening of the front insert sleeve.

[0050] To ensure that the conical top 20 and the latching claw 24 are close to the front insert sleeve, the following features are specifically provided:

[0051] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 also includes a bidirectional cylinder 14 disposed on the side of the truss 11 away from the motor 12. The bidirectional cylinder 14 is rotatably connected to the truss 11 and fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 12.

[0052] The output ends of the two-way cylinder 14 are respectively fixed with pads 19, and two conical tops 20 are respectively set on the side of the two pads 19 that are close to each other.

[0053] After the bidirectional cylinder 14 is activated, its two output ends move towards each other or away from each other, driving the two pads 19 to move synchronously. This causes the two conical tops 20, located on the adjacent sides of the two pads 19, to move synchronously and insert into the two short openings of the front sleeve. This symmetrical arrangement of the bidirectional cylinder 14 ensures that the two conical tops 20 maintain a synchronous and symmetrical movement trajectory as they approach the front sleeve, achieving synchronous insertion and positioning of the two short openings of the front sleeve and effectively avoiding skewness and alignment deviation caused by asynchrony on both sides. Simultaneously, the pads 19, as intermediate connecting components, provide a stable mounting base for the conical tops 20 and accurately transmit the linear motion of the bidirectional cylinder 14 to the conical tops 20, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the insertion action of the conical tops 20.

[0054] To achieve multi-directional clamping of the front sleeve, the following features are specifically designed:

[0055] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, standard cylinders 16 are fixedly connected to the two platforms 19 on opposite sides. The output end of the standard cylinder 16 is set upward and fixedly connected to a pressure plate 17. A buffer pad 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate 17. The conical top 20 cooperates with the buffer pad 18 to achieve bidirectional clamping of the front insert sleeve.

[0056] After the standard cylinder 16 is activated, its output end retracts downwards, causing the pressure plate 17 and buffer pad 18 to move downwards, pressing the end of the front insert sleeve from above. At this time, the conical top 20 is inserted and positioned inside the two short openings of the front insert sleeve, and the buffer pad 18 presses down on the end of the front insert sleeve from above. The two work together to achieve bidirectional clamping of the front insert sleeve from both inside and outside. During this bidirectional clamping process, the conical top 20 provides radial and axial positioning constraints, ensuring that the front insert sleeve is precisely aligned with the rotation axis of the clamping rotation mechanism 13, while the buffer pad 18 provides additional clamping force to prevent axial movement or relative sliding of the front insert sleeve relative to the conical top 20 during reciprocating rotation and axial feed. The buffer pad 18 has a certain degree of elasticity, which can adapt to the slight unevenness of the surface of the end of the front insert sleeve during the pressing process, ensuring sufficient clamping force while avoiding indentations or damage to the end of the front insert sleeve caused by rigid contact.

[0057] To supplement the elastic structure of the latch 24, the following features are specifically provided:

[0058] like Figure 8As shown, a pin 21 is fixedly connected to the side of the latch 24 near the pad 19. A pin sleeve 22 is fixedly connected to the pin 21 along the same axis. A spring 23 is provided on the side of the pin sleeve 22 near the latch 24. One end of the spring 23 is fixedly connected to the pin sleeve 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the latch 24.

[0059] As the pad 19 approaches the outer wall of the front sleeve, the latch 24 initially contacts the outer wall. As the pad 19 continues to approach, the spring 23 is compressed, and the latch 24 elastically presses against the outer wall of the front sleeve under the force of the spring 23. The amount of compression of the spring 23 determines the magnitude of the clamping force of the latch 24 against the outer wall of the front sleeve. By rationally designing the stiffness coefficient and pre-compression of the spring 23, the clamping force of the latch 24 can be precisely controlled, ensuring sufficient clamping stability while avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause damage or deformation to the outer wall of the front sleeve. During the release process after pressing, the spring 23 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the latch 24 to automatically reset and detach from the outer wall of the front sleeve. This elastic floating design also allows the latch 24 to adapt to dimensional fluctuations and shape deviations of the outer wall of the front sleeve, ensuring a stable and reliable elastic clamping effect for front sleeves of different batches and outer diameter tolerances.

[0060] To prevent the latch 24 and the front sleeve from slipping, the following features are specifically designed:

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, anti-slip pads 25 are fixed to the sides of the two adjacent claws 24. The anti-slip pads 25 are in direct contact with the outer wall of the front insert sleeve, increasing the coefficient of friction between the claws 24 and the front insert sleeve, effectively preventing the front insert sleeve from sliding relative to the claws 24 during the reciprocating rotary pressing process, and ensuring the accurate transmission of rotational motion.

[0062] To facilitate the lifting of the front insert sleeve at the upper end of the carrier plate 4, the following features are specifically provided:

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, a shovel plate 26 is provided at the lower end of the platform 19, and a wedge-shaped shovel 27 is provided on the side where the two shovel plates 26 are close to each other.

[0064] As the pad 19 moves the conical top 20 closer to the front insert sleeve, the shovel plate 26 moves synchronously with the pad 19. The wedge-shaped shovel 27 first inserts into the gap between the bottom of the front insert sleeve and the upper end face of the carrier plate 4. As the pad 19 continues to move closer, the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped shovel 27 shovels the front insert sleeve upward from the clamp 3 of the carrier plate 4, so that the front insert sleeve is freed from the positioning constraint of the clamp 3, providing space for axial movement in the subsequent pressing process.

[0065] To enhance the rotational positioning of the front sleeve, the following features are specifically included:

[0066] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a gripper cylinder 15 for clamping the end flange of the front sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the bidirectional cylinder 14 away from the truss 11.

[0067] After the conical top 20 completes the insertion and positioning, the gripper cylinder 15 is activated to clamp the flange at the end of the front insert sleeve, further strengthening the rotational positioning constraint of the front insert sleeve, ensuring that the reciprocating rotational motion can be reliably transmitted to the front insert sleeve, and preventing the front insert sleeve from rotating and slipping relative to the conical top 20 when subjected to rotational torque.

[0068] To supplement the detailed structure of the fuel injection mechanism 28, the following features are also provided:

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the oil spraying mechanism 28 includes a liquid pump 29 located next to the robot arm 5. The input end of the liquid pump 29 is connected to the oil tank, and the output end is connected to the oil spray nozzle 30. A curved pipe 31 for transmitting lubricating oil is provided on the side of the oil spray nozzle 30 near the conveyor belt 2.

[0070] Upon receiving a control signal, the hydraulic pump 29 starts operating, pumping a metered amount of lubricating fluid from the oil tank and delivering it to the nozzle 30. A curved tube 31 for conveying lubricating oil is provided on the side of the nozzle 30 near the conveyor belt 2. The curved tube 31 guides and delivers the lubricating fluid output from the nozzle 30, ensuring it accurately reaches the mating surface of the front insert sleeve to be pressed. The bending shape of the curved tube 31 can be designed according to the actual installation space and spray direction requirements, ensuring that the lubricating fluid can be sprayed at the optimal angle onto the mating surface of the front insert sleeve's inner cavity. The operation of the hydraulic pump 29 is closely coordinated with the timing of the pressing assembly 8. After the front insert sleeve is conveyed to the pressing station with the carrier plate 4, but before the clamping and positioning action of the pressing assembly 8 is completed, the hydraulic pump 29 starts supplying oil, and the nozzle 30 sprays a metered amount of lubricating fluid through the curved tube 31 onto the mating surface of the front insert sleeve's inner cavity, ensuring that lubrication is completed before the pressing begins. After the oil spraying is completed, the hydraulic pump 29 stops, and the pressing assembly 8 then performs clamping, positioning and pressing feed actions. This sequence ensures that the lubricant has sufficient time to spread and wet the mating surface of the front sleeve, while avoiding excessive accumulation of lubricant due to continuous oil supply during the pressing process.

[0071] The detailed working principle of this device is as follows:

[0072] After the equipment is powered on and started, the conveyor belt 2 on the upper part of the assembly table 1 begins to move continuously. The carrier plates 4, which are arranged in an evenly spaced array along the conveyor belt 2, move synchronously with the conveyor belt 2. The operator or the upstream feeding system places the front inserts to be assembled one by one into the clamps 3 on the upper part of each carrier plate 4. The clamps 3 perform precise conveying and positioning of the front inserts, ensuring that each front insert maintains a uniform posture and position during the conveying process. The carrier plates 4 move step by step with the conveyor belt 2, conveying the front inserts sequentially towards the pressing station.

[0073] When the front insert is conveyed to the pressing station along with the carrier plate 4 and the conveyor belt 2 pauses its stepping, the oil spraying mechanism 28 is activated first. The liquid pump 29 pumps out a metered amount of lubricant from the oil tank, which is then sprayed through the oil nozzle 30 and the curved tube 31 onto the mating surface of the front insert's inner cavity, so that a uniform lubricant film is formed on the mating surface of the front insert before the pressing begins. After the oil spraying is completed, the two translation devices 9 on the side of the conveyor belt 2 away from the robot arm 5 are activated simultaneously. The moving ends of the two translation devices 9 drive the two lifting devices 10 fixed to them and the truss 11 connected between the two lifting devices 10 to move horizontally toward the front insert on the conveyor belt 2. At the same time, the two lifting devices 10 operate synchronously, adjusting the height of the truss 11 in the vertical direction, so that the two conical tops 20 in the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 installed on the truss 11 are aligned with the two short openings of the front insert. After the truss 11 is in place, the bidirectional cylinder 14 is activated, and its two output ends move closer together, causing the two pads 19 and the conical tops 20 on the pads 19 to simultaneously insert into the two short openings of the front sleeve, achieving the initial positioning and centering of the front sleeve. Simultaneously with the action of the bidirectional cylinder 14, the shovel plate 26 at the lower end of the pad 19 moves synchronously with the pad 19. The wedge-shaped shovel 27 on the shovel plate 26 first inserts into the gap between the bottom of the front sleeve and the upper surface of the carrier plate 4. As the wedge-shaped shovel 27 penetrates deeper, its inclined surface shovels the front sleeve upwards from the clamp 3 on the carrier plate 4, freeing the front sleeve from the positioning constraint of the clamp 3. After the conical tops 20 are inserted into the short openings of the front sleeve, the standard cylinder 16, which is fixed to the opposite side of the two pads 19, is activated, and its output end retracts downwards, causing the pressure plate 17 and the buffer pad 18 to move downwards, pressing the end of the front sleeve from above. Simultaneously, the gripper cylinder 15, fixed to the side of the bidirectional cylinder 14 away from the truss 11, actuates to clamp the flange at the end of the front insert sleeve. The conical top 20, the buffer pad 18, and the gripper cylinder 15 work together to achieve multi-dimensional, all-around clamping and positioning of the front insert sleeve in the radial, axial, and circumferential directions. During the insertion of the conical top 20 into the short opening, the latch 24, located on the side of the conical top 20, moves synchronously towards the outer wall of the front insert sleeve along with the pad 19. The latch 24, through the elastic connection structure of the pin 21, the pin sleeve 22, and the spring 23, elastically presses against the outer wall of the front insert sleeve under the force of the spring 23. The anti-slip pad 25, fixed to the inner side of the latch 24, fits tightly against the outer wall of the front insert sleeve, providing additional radial clamping force and circumferential anti-slip friction.

[0074] As the front insert sleeve is positioned by multi-directional clamping, the robotic arm 5 on one side of the conveyor belt 2 moves. The output end of the robotic arm 5 drives the clamping cylinder 6 to move to the insulation tube feeding position. After the clamping cylinder 6 is activated, the two arc-shaped expanding pads 7 fixed to the opposite side of its clamping end expand synchronously from the inside to the outside, clamping and supporting the inner wall of the insulation tube. The robotic arm 5 moves the clamped insulation tube to the assembly station, keeping the insulation tube fixed and its axis aligned with the axis of the front insert sleeve.

[0075] Subsequently, the motor 12 in the clamping and rotating mechanism 13 is started. The output end of the motor 12 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional cylinder 14 and drives it to rotate. Since the bidirectional cylinder 14 is rigidly connected to the front insert sleeve through components such as the pad 19, the conical top 20, the buffer pad 18, and the gripper cylinder 15, when the motor 12 drives the bidirectional cylinder 14 to perform axial reciprocating rotation, this reciprocating rotation is synchronously transmitted to the front insert sleeve, causing the front insert sleeve to swing alternately in both directions around its own axis. While the reciprocating rotation is in progress, the two translation devices 9 continue to move slowly and uniformly towards the insulating tube, driving the entire clamping and rotating mechanism 13 and the clamped front insert sleeve to feed uniformly towards the fixed insulating tube. During this process, since the mating surface of the front insert sleeve has been pre-sprayed with lubricant before pressing and a uniform lubricant film has been formed, this film plays a role in reducing friction at the beginning of pressing. The front insert sleeve swings back and forth while being axially fed to complete the composite pressing fit with the insulating tube. The reciprocating rotation keeps the contact surface between the front sleeve and the insulating tube in a state of fretting shearing, reducing axial pressing resistance. At the same time, the alternating tangential forces generated by the reciprocating oscillation cancel each other out, avoiding stress concentration and structural damage to the insulating tube caused by unidirectional torsion. When the translation device 9 moves to the preset end point of the stroke, the front sleeve and the insulating tube complete the pressing fit to the predetermined depth, the motor 12 stops reciprocating rotation, and the translation device 9 stops feeding.

[0076] After pressing is completed, the standard cylinder 16 reverses its movement to disengage the buffer pad 18 from the end of the front insert sleeve, the gripper cylinder 15 releases the flange of the front insert sleeve, and the bidirectional cylinder 14 reverses its movement to disengage the conical top 20 and the latch 24 from the front insert sleeve. The conical top 20 and the latch 24 cooperate to place the assembled front insert sleeve back onto the upper end of the carrier plate 4, and the fixture 3 clamps and positions the assembled front insert sleeve. The conveyor belt 2 resumes its stepping operation, conveying the carrier plate 4 forward to the next assembly cycle. This cycle repeats continuously, achieving fully automated batch pressing production of front insert sleeves and insulating tubes.

[0077] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 10kV European-style shielded pre-installation automatic assembly device, characterized in that, include: Assembly table (1), the upper end of the assembly table (1) is provided with a conveyor belt (2) that runs through the assembly table (1), the conveyor belt (2) is provided with a carrier plate (4) arranged at equal intervals in the conveying direction, and the upper end of the carrier plate (4) is provided with a clamp (3) for conveying and positioning the front insert. A robotic arm (5) is provided on one side of the conveyor belt (2) to move the insulating tube to the assembly station, and a pressing assembly (8) is provided on the other side to move the front insert until it is pressed with the insulating tube. The pressing assembly (8) includes a clamping and rotating mechanism (13) that drives the insulating tube to rotate axially. The clamping and rotating mechanism (13) includes two symmetrically arranged conical tops (20). The conical tops (20) are used to insert and position the two short holes of the front insert during the assembly process. A latch (24) is provided on the side of the conical tops (20) to elastically abut against the outer wall of the front insert. The robotic arm (5) is equipped with an oil spraying mechanism (28) that provides lubricant to the forward insertion sleeve press position on the side near the conveyor belt (2).

2. The 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the robotic arm (5) is fixedly connected to a clamping cylinder (6), and an arc-shaped expansion pad (7) is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping end of the clamping cylinder (6) that is far away from it. After the clamping cylinder (6) is started, it drives the two arc-shaped expansion pads (7) to tighten the inner wall of the insulating tube from the inside to the outside.

3. The 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly (8) also includes two translation devices (9) located on the side of the conveyor belt (2) away from the robot (5), and the moving ends of the two translation devices (9) are respectively fixedly connected to lifting devices (10). The clamping and rotating mechanism (13) also includes a truss (11) located on the side close to the two lifting devices (10). The two ends of the truss (11) are fixedly connected to the moving ends of the two lifting devices (10), and a motor (12) is provided on the side of the truss (11) away from the robot (5).

4. The 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping and rotating mechanism (13) also includes a two-way cylinder (14) disposed on the side of the truss (11) away from the motor (12). The two-way cylinder (14) is rotatably connected to the truss (11) and fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (12). The output ends of the two-way cylinder (14) are respectively fixed with pads (19), and the two conical tops (20) are respectively set on the side of the two pads (19) that are close to each other.

5. The 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two pads (19) are respectively fixed to a standard cylinder (16) on the side away from each other. The output end of the standard cylinder (16) is set upward and fixed to a pressure plate (17). The lower end of the pressure plate (17) is fixed to a buffer pad (18). The conical top (20) and the buffer pad (18) cooperate to achieve bidirectional clamping of the front insert sleeve.

6. The 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A pin (21) is fixed to the side of the latch (24) near the pad (19). A pin sleeve (22) is fixed to the pin (21) on the same axis. A spring (23) is provided on the side of the pin sleeve (22) near the latch (24). One end of the spring (23) is fixed to the pin sleeve (22), and the other end is fixed to the latch (24).

7. A 10kV European-style shielded pre-installation automatic assembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Anti-slip pads (25) are fixed to the sides of the two claws (24) that are close to each other.

8. A 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A shovel plate (26) is provided at the lower end of the platform (19), and a wedge-shaped shovel (27) is provided on the side where the two shovel plates (26) are close to each other.

9. A 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two-way cylinder (14) is fixed to a gripper cylinder (15) that clamps the end flange of the front insert sleeve on the side away from the truss (11).

10. A 10kV European-style shielded front-insertion automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil spraying mechanism (28) includes a liquid pump (29) located next to the robot (5). The input end of the liquid pump (29) is connected to the oil tank, and the output end is connected to the oil nozzle (30). The side of the oil nozzle (30) near the conveyor belt (2) is provided with a curved pipe (31) for transmitting lubricating oil.

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