A T-shaped base device with extractable bolts and a method of operation thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of thermal power, nuclear power and gas turbine manufacturing, and discloses a T-shaped base device with extractable bolts and a working method thereof, aiming to solve the problem of low clamping efficiency of conventional large vertical lathes, boring machines, gantry milling machines and other machine tools for single-piece products, which leads to low overall machining efficiency of large products, long manufacturing cycle and high labor intensity of operators. The T-shaped base device provided by the present application comprises a bolt connection section, a base transition section and a base fastening section. The bolt connection section is hollow inside, and the inner wall of the upper section is provided with a connecting thread. The bottom surface of the base fastening section is a 55° rhombic quadrilateral. The T-shaped base can be put into and rotated out of the T-shaped groove at any position. The device is not only convenient to extract, but also meets the cooperation gap and bolt tensioning space with the T-shaped groove, can withstand the bolt tensioning force to the maximum, and provides a convenient, flexible and highly adaptable device and working method for clamping large products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermal power, nuclear power, and gas turbine manufacturing, and specifically relates to a T-shaped base device with removable bolts and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] The machining of large turbine stator components is mainly completed on large vertical lathes, floor-type boring machines, and gantry milling machines. A single product machining process requires several types of machine tools to be used, which is a typical type of discrete manufacturing. Data analysis shows that the biggest factor affecting the machining efficiency of large components is the excessive time spent on auxiliary tasks such as clamping and preparation. In particular, the positioning of tension bolts used to connect and fix the workpiece to the worktable requires repeated adjustments based on the product size and structure. The connection between the tension bolts and the worktable requires T-shaped bases. Conventional T-shaped bases can only be inserted from the end of the T-slot of the machine tool worktable, slid to the appropriate position, and then clamped and fixed. However, some machine tool worktable T-slots are tens of meters long, making the disassembly, assembly, and relocation of T-shaped bases time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a T-shaped base device with removable bolts and its working method. The purpose is to solve the problem of low clamping efficiency of single products on large vertical lathes, boring machines, gantry milling machines, and other machine tools, thereby reducing the labor intensity of operators, improving the overall processing efficiency of large turbine stator products, and shortening the manufacturing cycle.

[0004] To achieve the objective of this invention, the technical solution adopted is as follows: A T-shaped base device with removable bolts includes a bolt connection section 1, a base transition section 2, and a base fastening section 3.

[0005] Among them, the outer diameter of the bolt connection section 1 is 11, the inner part is hollow, the inner wall of the upper part is provided with a threaded connection thread 12, and the inner lower part is provided with a threaded bottom hole without threads.

[0006] Preferably, the radial specification of the outer diameter 11 of the connecting section is determined by the radial specification of the connecting thread 12. The outer diameter 11 of the connecting section is 10mm~15mm larger on each side than the radial specification of the connecting thread 12, so that the bolt connecting section meets the requirements of body strength and tensile strength.

[0007] Preferably, the specifications of the connecting thread 12 match the bolt specifications, satisfying the reasonable fit clearance while meeting the requirements for tension force; more preferably, the bolt specifications are one of M20, M24, M30, and M36, matching the specifications of the T-slot of the machine tool worktable.

[0008] Preferably, the thread depth 13 inside the bolt connection section 1 is 1.25 to 1.5 times the diameter of the connecting thread 12 to meet the effective thread engagement length. Considering the reduction of manufacturing costs, it should not be too deep, and the thread depth should be controlled within 2 times the diameter of the connecting thread.

[0009] Preferably, considering low-cost thread processing technologies such as tapping, the thread bottom hole depth 14 is at least 3 times deeper than the thread depth 13, so that the tap guide part can completely pass through the thread depth section, thereby ensuring the effective thread depth.

[0010] Among them, the outer diameter 21 of the transition section 2 of the base is matched with the size of the T-slot of the machine tool worktable, and the gap on one side is 1mm~2mm; Among them, the length 22 of the transition section 2 of the base transition section is such that after the T-shaped base is installed into the T-shaped groove, in a fully relaxed state, the end face of the base transition section 2 near the bolt connection section 1 protrudes 10mm~15mm from the worktable surface.

[0011] Preferably, the corner at the junction of the base transition section 2 and the base fastening section 3 is rounded to ≤1mm to prevent interference between the T-shaped base and the T-slot opening and the T-slot shoulder tip when under force.

[0012] Among them, the short side 31 and the long side 32 of the base fastening section 3 are two sides of equal length, forming a 55° rhomboid quadrilateral.

[0013] Among them, the two long sides 32 of the base are tangent to the outer diameter 21 of the transition section, which satisfies the requirement that the T-shaped base can be placed in and rotated out from any position on the worktable.

[0014] Among them, the two short sides 31 of the base are perpendicular to the center line of the base transition section 2 and are staggered on both sides. The vertical distance between the center line of the base transition section 2 and the short side 31 of the base is 2mm~3mm smaller than the maximum width of the T-slot cavity of the machine tool worktable on one side. This ensures that the base transition section 2 can rotate in one direction after being put into the T-slot from the slot opening, so as to meet the requirement that there is enough contact surface with the T-slot shoulder to withstand the bolt tightening force.

[0015] The base thickness of 33mm is 2mm to 4mm smaller than the height of the T-slot cavity, which satisfies the fitting clearance and bolt tightening space.

[0016] Preferably, based on the application scenario and stress characteristics of the bolt T-base, the material of the removable bolt T-base device is selected as No. 45 steel to reduce material costs. It is also subjected to heat treatment, namely a combination of quenching and high-temperature tempering, so that the T-base has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties such as high strength, good plasticity and toughness.

[0017] Preferably, the removable bolt T-shaped base device is precision machined, and the surface is bluing after precision machining to form an oxide film, which prevents surface oxidation and rusting after long-term repeated use.

[0018] The working method of the T-shaped base device with removable bolts provided by the present invention includes the following steps: (1) First, screw the bolt into the bolt connection section, screw the bolt all the way in or at least 1.25 times the outer diameter of the thread, and check that the bolt and the T-base are securely connected. (2) Move the bolt and T-shaped base to the product clamping position so that the long side of the base is parallel to the two sides of the workbench slot. Place the T-shaped base into the T-slot so that the bottom surface of the T-shaped base is in contact with the T-slot. (3) Rotate the bolt clockwise so that the short side of the T-shaped base is parallel to the two sides of the T-shaped groove. (4) Tighten the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the upper end face of the base fastening section is in contact with the top surface of the T-slot cavity. After checking for stability, confirm that the clamping is complete. (5) After the product is finished, loosen the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the base fastening section is completely relaxed and the base fits against the bottom surface of the T-slot. (6) Rotate the bolt counterclockwise until the long side of the base is parallel to the two sides of the slot on the workbench, then remove the bolt and the T-shaped base; (7) Disassemble the bolts and T-shaped base, inspect, clean and store.

[0019] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: The removable bolt T-shaped base device and its working method provided by this invention offer a convenient, flexible, and highly adaptable device for clamping large products. Combined with a convenient and quick usage method, it solves the problems of low clamping efficiency for single products on large vertical lathes, boring machines, gantry milling machines, and other machine tools, as well as the inconvenience of using conventional T-shaped bases. It improves production efficiency while reducing the labor intensity of operators, and has strong applicability throughout the manufacturing industry. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 Diagram of bolt T-type base; Figure 2 Model of bolt T-shaped base; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the bolt T-shaped base before it is inserted. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the bolt T-shaped base after insertion and the direction of rotation; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the bolt T-shaped base after it has been inserted and rotated. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction of rotation of the bolt T-shaped base before it is removed. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt T-shaped base removal process; In the diagram: 1-bolt connection section, 2-base transition section, 3-base fastening section, 11-outer diameter of connection section, 12-connection thread, 13-thread depth, 14-thread bottom hole depth, 21-outer diameter of transition section, 22-length of transition section, 31-short side of base, 32-long side of base, 33-thickness of base. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1 A T-shaped base device for removable bolts, the bolt T-shaped base as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: bolt connection section 1, base transition section 2, and base fastening section 3.

[0023] Based on the usage scenarios and stress characteristics of the bolt T-type base, 45 steel is selected as the material, and it undergoes quenching and high-temperature tempering treatment. After precision machining, the surface is bluing to form an oxide film to prevent surface oxidation and rusting after long-term repeated use.

[0024] The bolt connection section 1 has an outer diameter of 11 and is hollow inside. The inner wall of the upper section is provided with a threaded connection thread 12, and the lower section is provided with a threaded bottom hole without threads. The outer diameter of the connection section 11 is 12mm larger on one side than the radial specification of the connection thread 12. The 12mm specification difference is sufficient to ensure that the bolt connection section meets the requirements of body strength and tensile strength.

[0025] The specifications of the connecting thread 12 match the bolt specifications. In this embodiment, the bolt specification is M36, which achieves the required tightening force while ensuring a reasonable fit.

[0026] The thread depth 13 inside the bolt connection section 1 is 1.5 times the diameter of the connecting thread 12, which satisfies the effective thread engagement length.

[0027] The threaded bottom hole depth of 14 is 3 times deeper than the thread depth of 13, and the tap guide part can completely pass through the thread depth section.

[0028] The outer diameter 21 of the transition section 2 of the base matches the size of the T-slot of the machine tool table, with a single-sided clearance of 1.5mm.

[0029] Among them, the length 22 of the transition section 2 of the base transition section is such that after the T-shaped base is installed into the T-shaped groove, in a fully relaxed state, the end face of the base transition section 2 near the bolt connection section 1 protrudes 12mm from the worktable surface.

[0030] The rounded corner at the junction of the base transition section 2 and the base fastening section 3 is ≤1mm.

[0031] The short side 31 and the long side 32 of the base fastening section 3 are two sides of equal length, and the four sides form a 55° rhomboid quadrilateral.

[0032] The two long sides 32 of the base are tangent to the outer diameter 21 of the transition section, and the T-shaped base can be placed in and rotated out from any position on the worktable.

[0033] The two short sides 31 of the base are perpendicular to the center line of the base transition section 2 and are staggered on both sides. The vertical distance between the center line of the base transition section 2 and the short side 31 of the base is 2mm smaller on one side than the maximum width of the T-slot cavity of the machine tool worktable. This ensures that the base transition section 2 can rotate freely after being inserted into the T-slot from the slot opening, and has sufficient contact surface with the T-slot shoulder to withstand the bolt tightening force.

[0034] Its base thickness of 33mm is 3mm less than the height of the T-slot cavity, which satisfies the fitting clearance and bolt tightening space.

[0035] Example 2 The working method of the T-shaped base device for removable bolts provided by this invention includes the operation steps of inserting and retrieving the bolt from any position on the worktable, the direction of rotation, and precautions, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: (1) Screw the bolt into the bolt connection section, screwing the bolt all the way in or at least 1.25 times the outer diameter of the thread, and check that the bolt and the T-base are securely connected. (2) Move the bolt and T-shaped base to the product clamping position so that the long side of the base is parallel to the two sides of the workbench slot. Place the T-shaped base into the T-slot so that the bottom surface of the T-shaped base is in contact with the T-slot. (3) Rotate the bolt clockwise so that the short side of the T-shaped base is parallel to the two sides of the T-shaped groove. (4) Tighten the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the upper end face of the base fastening section is in contact with the top surface of the T-slot cavity. After checking for stability, confirm that the clamping is complete. (5) After the product is finished, loosen the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the base fastening section is completely relaxed and the base fits against the bottom surface of the T-slot. (6) Rotate the bolt counterclockwise until the long side of the base is parallel to the two sides of the slot on the workbench, then remove the bolt and the T-shaped base; (7) Disassemble the bolts and T-shaped base, inspect, clean and store.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A T-shaped base device with removable bolts, characterized in that: Includes bolt connection section (1), base transition section (2), and base fastening section (3); The outer diameter (11) of the bolt connection section (1) is the outer diameter of the connection section; the inner part of the bolt connection section (1) is hollow; the inner wall of the upper inner section is provided with a threaded connection thread (12); the lower inner section is provided with a threaded bottom hole without threads; The length (22) of the transition section of the base transition section (2) is such that after the T-shaped base is installed into the T-shaped groove, in a fully relaxed state, the end face of the base transition section (2) near the bolt connection section (1) protrudes 10mm~15mm from the workbench surface. The short side (31) and long side (32) of the base fastening section (3) are two sides of equal length, forming a 55° rhomboid quadrilateral; The two long sides (32) of the base are tangent to the outer diameter (21) of the transition section, and the T-shaped base can be inserted into and rotated out from any position of the T-slot; The two short sides (31) of the base are perpendicular to the center line of the base transition section (2) and staggered on both sides. The vertical distance between the center line of the base transition section (2) and the short side (31) of the base is 2mm~3mm smaller on one side than the maximum width of the T-shaped groove cavity. After the T-shaped base is placed into the T-shaped groove, the base transition section (2) can rotate in one direction. The thickness of the base (33) is 2mm~4mm smaller than the height of the T-slot cavity.

2. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter (11) of the connecting section is 10mm~15mm larger on one side than the radial specification of the connecting thread (12).

3. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The The specifications of the connecting thread (12) match the specifications of the bolt.

4. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread depth (13) inside the bolt connection section is 1.25 to 1.5 times the diameter of the connecting thread (12).

5. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the threaded bottom hole (14) inside the bolted connection section is at least 3 times the thread pitch deeper than the thread depth (13).

6. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter (21) of the transition section (2) of the base is matched with the size of the T-slot of the machine tool worktable, and the gap on one side is 1mm~2mm.

7. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corner radius at the junction of the base transition section (2) and the base fastening section (3) is ≤1mm.

8. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-shaped base is made of 45# steel.

9. The T-shaped base device for removable bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-shaped base undergoes a combination of quenching and high-temperature tempering processes.

10. A method of operating a T-shaped base device with a removable bolt as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: (1) Screw the bolt into the bolt connection section, screwing the bolt all the way in or at least 1.25 times the outer diameter of the thread, and check that the bolt and the T-base are securely connected. (2) Move the bolt and T-base to the product clamping position so that the long side of the base is parallel to the slot of the workbench. Place the T-base into the T-slot so that the bottom surface of the T-base is in contact with the T-slot. (3) Rotate the bolt clockwise so that the short side of the T-shaped base is parallel to the two sides of the T-shaped groove. (4) Tighten the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the upper end face of the base fastening section is in contact with the top surface of the T-slot cavity. After checking for stability, confirm that the clamping is complete. (5) After the product is finished, loosen the bolts and workpiece pressure plate nuts so that the base fastening section is completely relaxed and the base fits against the bottom surface of the T-slot. (6) Rotate the bolt counterclockwise until the long side of the base is parallel to the two sides of the slot on the workbench, then remove the bolt and the T-shaped base; (7) Disassemble the bolts and T-shaped base, inspect, clean and store.

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