A high-precision surface polishing device for a crankshaft

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of crankshaft surface polishing, in particular to a high-precision crankshaft surface polishing device, which comprises a machine tool main body, a lifting driving main frame and a movable polishing unit, the movable polishing unit comprises a bidirectional movable frame body, a conveying wheel set and a clamping wheel set, the clamping wheel set is provided with two, the two ends of the two clamping wheel sets are respectively connected with the lower sides of the two telescopic ends of the bidirectional movable frame body, the two clamping wheel sets are used for compressing the polishing belt on the lower side of the shaft body of the crankshaft, and the polishing belt and the shaft body of the crankshaft form a polishing state in the shape of omega. The present application can force the polishing belt to form a wrapped polishing state in the shape of omega on the outside of the shaft body through the cooperation of the clamping wheel set and the bidirectional movable frame body, change the linear contact between the traditional polishing wheel and the shaft body into surface contact, significantly increase the effective polishing area, solve the problems of low polishing efficiency and uneven contact of the traditional equipment, and effectively improve the surface polishing quality of the crankshaft journal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft surface polishing, and in particular to a high-precision crankshaft surface polishing device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core transmission component of power equipment such as internal combustion engines and compressors, the crankshaft's machining accuracy directly affects the engine's smooth operation, service life, and noise control level. Among these, the surface quality of the crankshaft's main journal, connecting rod journal, and transition fillet area is particularly critical: on the one hand, high surface roughness will exacerbate bearing wear and reduce lubrication efficiency; on the other hand, micro-cracks or stress concentrations on the surface can easily lead to fatigue fracture. Therefore, high-precision crankshafts usually require a rigorous polishing process after precision grinding.

[0003] Chinese patent CN223198689U discloses a high-precision crankshaft polishing device. After the crankshaft is driven and rotated by a lathe, the drive unit is activated to rotate the grinding wheel. Then, downward pressure is applied to the adjustment unit to make the grinding wheel contact the eccentric outer cylindrical surface of the crankshaft, thereby machining the eccentric outer cylindrical surface of the crankshaft. During machining, there is no need for custom-made fixtures for the crankshaft, which makes the polishing of the eccentric outer cylindrical surface of the crankshaft more convenient.

[0004] The aforementioned related technologies and existing technologies for crankshaft polishing have the following drawbacks: In crankshaft polishing, polishing wheels are usually used to polish the crankshaft. However, the contact surface between the polishing wheel and the crankshaft shaft is a straight line, which results in poor polishing effect on the polishing wheel. In addition, the crankshaft is usually a multi-judge structure with different phase angles for each journal. Traditional equipment is difficult to achieve synchronous adaptive polishing of multiple journals, and frequent adjustments to the tooling positioning are required, which can easily lead to the accumulation of positioning errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a surface polishing device for high-precision crankshafts.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-precision crankshaft surface polishing device, which adopts the following technical solution: including a machine tool body, a lifting drive main frame and a movable polishing unit.

[0007] Both ends of the lifting drive main frame are mounted on the upper surface of the machine tool body, and the lifting drive main frame can move up and down relative to the machine tool body. The movable grinding unit is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame. Multiple movable grinding units are provided, and the movable grinding units can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame. The movable grinding unit includes a bidirectional movable frame, a conveyor wheel set, and a clamping wheel set.

[0008] The upper end of the bidirectional movable frame is slidably connected to the lifting drive main frame. The bidirectional movable frame can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame, the lower end of the bidirectional movable frame can slide longitudinally relative to the upper end, and the lower sides of both ends of the bidirectional movable frame can extend and retract vertically. The conveyor wheel assembly is connected to the bidirectional movable frame. The conveyor wheel assembly consists of multiple wheels, which are driven by a grinding belt. Two clamping wheel sets are provided. The two ends of the two clamping wheel sets are respectively connected to the lower sides of the two telescopic ends of the bidirectional movable frame. The two clamping wheel sets can squeeze the grinding belt through telescopic energy, so that after the grinding belt is sleeved on the surface of the crankshaft to be ground, the two clamping wheel sets press the part of the grinding belt located on the lower side of the crankshaft, forming an "Ω" shaped grinding state between the grinding belt and the crankshaft.

[0009] Optionally, the bidirectional movable frame includes a main movable frame and a double-end telescopic frame. The upper end of the main movable frame is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame, and the main movable frame can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame. The upper end of the double-end telescopic frame is connected to the main movable frame, and the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame can move horizontally relative to the main movable frame. The lower end of the double-ended telescopic frame can extend and retract vertically.

[0010] Optionally, the conveyor wheel assembly includes two fixed conveyor wheels and two inner tensioning wheels, with both the two fixed conveyor wheels and the two inner tensioning wheels in contact with the inner annular surface of the grinding belt; Both fixed conveyor wheels are horizontally installed at the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame; Both inner tensioning wheels are equipped with elastic frames. The two elastic frames are connected to the two lower telescopic ends of the double-end telescopic frame at opposite ends. The elastic frames can extend and retract horizontally.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping wheel set includes a shaping wheel set and a drive frame. One end of the drive frame is connected to the middle position of the shaping wheel set, and the other end of the drive frame passes through an adjacent telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame. The shaping wheel set can rotate relative to the drive frame, and the drive frame can move horizontally relative to the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame.

[0012] Optionally, a compression transmission unit is installed at the connection between the drive frame and the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame, and the compression transmission unit is connected to the double-end telescopic frame. The main movable frame is equipped with a linkage transmission unit, and the upper ends of the two extrusion transmission units connected to both ends of the double-end telescopic frame are connected to the adjacent linkage transmission unit. The lifting drive main frame is equipped with a drive shaft, which drives the drive frame to move horizontally through a linkage transmission unit and a pressing transmission unit.

[0013] Optionally, the extrusion transmission unit includes: A gear and toothed plate meshing assembly, comprising meshing gears and toothed plates, wherein the toothed plate portion of the gear and toothed plate meshing assembly is connected to a drive frame, and a long shaft is coaxially mounted on the gear portion of the gear and toothed plate meshing assembly, the long shaft being rotatably connected to the telescopic end of a double-end telescopic frame; The telescopic vertical shaft has two telescopic ends that are rotatably connected to two telescopic parts of the double-end telescopic frame. The lower end of the telescopic vertical shaft is driven by the adjacent long shaft through a lower bevel gear meshing assembly. The lower bevel gear meshing assembly consists of two meshing bevel gears. The bevel gears connected to the lower bevel gear meshing assembly and the long shaft can elastically twist relative to the long shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the linkage transmission unit includes a sleeve shaft and an inner shaft. The sleeve shaft is slidably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft. Both ends of the sleeve shaft are rotatably connected to the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame, and both ends of the inner shaft are rotatably connected to the adjacent main movable frame. The upper end of the telescopic vertical shaft is driven by the adjacent sleeve shaft through an upper bevel gear meshing assembly. The sleeve shaft and the drive shaft are driven by a transmission bevel gear meshing assembly. The transmission bevel gear meshing assembly includes two transmission bevel gears and a right-angle plate. The sleeve shaft and the adjacent transmission bevel gear are coaxially installed. Both transmission bevel gears are rotatably connected to the right-angle plate. The drive shaft is slidably inserted into the axis of the adjacent transmission bevel gear.

[0015] Optionally, the long shaft is coaxially mounted with a driving spur gear on both sides of the double-ended telescopic frame. A driven spur gear meshes with the lower side of the driving spur gear. A short shaft capable of elastic torsion is coaxially mounted with the driven spur gear. The short shaft is installed at the lower telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame and can be rotatably connected to the connected double-ended telescopic frame. A rotating frame is provided on the lower side of each telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame. The rotating frame is fixed to the adjacent short shaft. An auxiliary push plate capable of elastic rotation is installed at the other end of the rotating frame. When the two drive frames connected to the double-ended telescopic frame are at their farthest distance, the two auxiliary push plates on the corresponding lower side rotate to form a figure-eight distribution.

[0016] Optionally, the upper end of the double-ended telescopic frame is equipped with a telescopic end frame that can be vertically elastically extended and retracted, and the lower end of the telescopic end frame is equipped with an outer tension wheel, which contacts the outer ring surface of the grinding belt.

[0017] Optionally, a fixed pressure plate is arranged parallel to the upper side of the lifting drive main frame. The two ends of the fixed pressure plate are elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame. The fixed pressure plate presses and fixes the main movable frame on the lower side under the elastic connection with the lifting drive main frame. Both ends of the fixed pressure plate are provided with trapezoidal inclined blocks. The contact part between the trapezoidal inclined blocks and the fixed pressure plate is an inclined surface. The trapezoidal inclined blocks are elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame. The trapezoidal inclined blocks can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame. A trapezoidal pressure block is provided on the upper side of the trapezoidal inclined block. The trapezoidal pressure block is fixed to the machine tool body, and the bottom surface of the trapezoidal pressure block is an inclined surface.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention, through the cooperation of the clamping wheel assembly and the bidirectional movable frame, forces the grinding belt to form an "Ω"-shaped wrapping grinding state on the outside of the crankshaft after the grinding belt contacts the crankshaft body. This transforms the traditional line contact between the grinding wheel and the shaft body into surface contact, significantly increasing the effective grinding area and solving the problems of low grinding efficiency and uneven contact in traditional equipment, thus effectively improving the surface polishing quality of the crankshaft journal.

[0019] 2. This invention utilizes the vertical elastic telescopic design of the double-ended telescopic frame and the tensioning effect of the elastic frame on the inner tensioning wheel. When the crankshaft rotates eccentrically with the rotation of the lathe, the double-ended telescopic frame can adaptively extend and retract. With the auxiliary pressing of the outer tensioning wheel, it maintains a constant tension and fit of the grinding belt.

[0020] 3. This invention, through the cooperation of auxiliary push plates and linkage transmission unit, guides and centers the crankshaft body using the figure-eight-shaped auxiliary push plates during the descent of the grinding belt, ensuring that the shaft body accurately enters the inner side of the grinding belt. At the same time, the meshing transmission of the driving spur gear and the driven spur gear allows the auxiliary push plates to automatically reset to a figure-eight shape when the clamping wheel set opens. This not only simplifies the alignment process of loading and unloading materials, but also prevents hard collisions between the grinding belt and the edge of the shaft body, improving the operational stability and safety of the equipment.

[0021] 4. This invention utilizes the wedge-shaped transmission cooperation between the trapezoidal pressure block and the trapezoidal inclined block to automatically release the locking of the fixed pressure plate on the main movable frame during the upward movement of the lifting drive main frame. Combined with the control logic of the machine tool main body driving the crankshaft to move axially and reciprocate, it achieves highly adaptable clamping and full-length coverage grinding of crankshafts of different lengths and multiple bends. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the active grinding unit and the lifting drive main frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of some structures in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the fixed pressure plate and the main movable frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the grinding belt and the conveyor wheel assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage transmission unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the extrusion transmission unit and the drive frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of some structures in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary pusher plate guiding state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1. Machine tool body; 2. Lifting drive main frame; 3. Movable grinding unit; 31. Two-way movable frame; 311. Main movable frame; 3111. Fixed pressure plate; 3112. Trapezoidal inclined block; 3113. Trapezoidal pressure block; 312. Double-end telescopic frame; 3121. Driving spur gear; 3122. Driven spur gear; 3123. Short shaft; 3124. Rotating frame; 3125. Auxiliary push plate; 3126. Telescopic end frame; 3127. Outer tensioning wheel; 32. Conveyor wheel set; 321. Fixed conveyor wheel; 322. Inner tensioning wheel 323. Flexible frame; 33. Clamping wheel assembly; 331. Shaping wheel assembly; 332. Drive frame; 333. Extrusion transmission unit; 3331. Gear and tooth plate meshing assembly; 3332. Long shaft; 3333. Telescopic vertical shaft; 3334. Lower bevel gear meshing assembly; 334. Linkage transmission unit; 3341. Sleeve prism shaft; 3342. Inner prism shaft; 3343. Transmission bevel gear meshing assembly; 3344. Transmission bevel gear; 3345. Right angle plate; 3346. Upper bevel gear meshing assembly; 335. Drive prism shaft; 34. Grinding belt. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-9 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0029] This invention discloses a high-precision crankshaft surface polishing device. For example... Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes a machine tool body 1, a lifting drive main frame 2, and a movable grinding unit 3.

[0030] The lifting drive main frame 2 is mounted on the upper surface of the machine tool body 1 at both ends, and the lifting drive main frame 2 can move up and down relative to the machine tool body 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the lifting drive main frame 2 includes a horizontally arranged plate-like structure, which is driven by a hydraulic drive cylinder that can drive the plate-like structure to move up and down.

[0032] In this embodiment, the machine tool body 1 is equipped with a mounting plate that can coaxially clamp both ends of the crankshaft. At the same time, the two mounting plates of the machine tool body 1 can move relative to each other, thereby clamping crankshafts of different lengths. The machine tool body 1 drives the mounting plates to rotate, thereby driving the crankshaft to rotate.

[0033] The movable grinding unit 3 is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame 2. Multiple movable grinding units 3 are provided, and the movable grinding unit 3 can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, the movable grinding unit 3 drives the main frame 2 to move by relative lifting, and can change its position according to different shaft ranges of the crankshaft.

[0035] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the movable grinding unit 3 includes a bidirectional movable frame 31, a conveyor wheel set 32, and a clamping wheel set 33.

[0036] The upper end of the bidirectional movable frame 31 is slidably connected to the lifting drive main frame 2. The bidirectional movable frame 31 can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame 2, the lower end of the bidirectional movable frame 31 can slide longitudinally relative to the upper end, and the lower sides of both ends of the bidirectional movable frame 31 can extend and retract vertically.

[0037] Specifically, the bidirectional movable frame 31 includes a main movable frame 311 and a double-end telescopic frame 312. The upper end of the main movable frame 311 is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame 2, and the main movable frame 311 can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame 2. The upper end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 is connected to the main movable frame 311, and the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 can move horizontally relative to the main movable frame 311. The lower end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 can extend and retract vertically. A spring is provided on the inner side of the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312, so that the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 has a tendency to extend.

[0038] In this embodiment, the plate-like structure of the lifting drive main frame 2 is sleeved on the upper end of the main movable frame 311. Double-layered wheels are installed at the contact position between the main movable frame 311 and the plate-like structure of the lifting drive main frame 2 to reduce wear between the main movable frame 311 and the plate-like structure of the lifting drive main frame 2 and improve the smoothness of movement.

[0039] The conveyor wheel assembly 32 is connected to the bidirectional movable frame 31. The conveyor wheel assembly 32 consists of multiple wheels, and the multiple wheels of the conveyor wheel assembly 32 are driven by the grinding belt 34.

[0040] Specifically, the conveyor wheel assembly 32 includes two fixed conveyor wheels 321 and two inner tension wheels 322. Both the two fixed conveyor wheels 321 and the two inner tension wheels 322 are in contact with the inner ring surface of the grinding belt 34. Both fixed conveyor wheels 321 are horizontally installed on the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame 312. One of the fixed conveyor wheels 321 is driven by a motor to drive the grinding belt 34 to rotate for grinding.

[0041] Both inner tensioning wheels 322 are equipped with elastic frames 323. The two elastic frames 323 are connected to the two lower telescopic ends of the double-end telescopic frame 312 at opposite ends. The elastic frames 323 can extend and retract horizontally.

[0042] In this embodiment, the elastic frame 323 can elastically extend and retract, pulling the connected inner tensioning wheel 322 to tighten the grinding belt 34, keeping the grinding belt 34 in a taut state. As the lifting drive main frame 2 moves downward, it pushes the grinding belt 34 into contact with the crankshaft shaft. At the same time, as the lifting drive main frame 2 continues to move downward, the telescopic ends of the double-end telescopic frame 312 retract. While ensuring that the crankshaft shaft rotates eccentrically up and down, the double-end telescopic frame 312 synchronously extends and retracts, making the grinding belt 34 stably contact the crankshaft shaft.

[0043] Two clamping wheel sets 33 are provided. The two ends of the two clamping wheel sets 33 are respectively connected to the lower side of the two telescopic ends of the bidirectional movable frame 31. The two clamping wheel sets 33 can squeeze the grinding belt 34 through telescopic energy. After the grinding belt 34 is placed on the surface of the crankshaft to be ground, the two clamping wheel sets 33 press the part of the grinding belt 34 located on the lower side of the crankshaft, and the grinding belt 34 and the crankshaft form an "Ω" shaped grinding state.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the grinding belt 34 is not in contact with the crankshaft shaft to be ground, the two clamping wheel sets 33 are controlled to be at their farthest distance, so that the lower side of the grinding belt 34 is in a horizontal state. The lifting drive main frame 2 drives the grinding belt 34 downward to approach the crankshaft shaft. The grinding belt 34 gradually bulges upward under the resistance of the crankshaft shaft. After the clamping wheel sets 33 move to the lower side of the crankshaft shaft, the clamping wheel sets 33 on both sides are controlled to approach each other, so that the grinding belt 34 forms an "Ω" shaped grinding state under the limitation of the crankshaft shaft and the two clamping wheel sets 33, increasing the contact surface between the grinding belt 34 and the crankshaft shaft, while preventing the crankshaft shaft from separating from the grinding belt 34 during crankshaft rotation, so that the grinding belt 34 is stably in contact with the shaft to be ground.

[0045] In this embodiment, the overall width of the grinding belt 34 in the active grinding unit 3 is smaller than the width of the crankshaft shaft to be ground. During the grinding of the crankshaft shaft by the grinding belt 34, the horizontal moving structure of the machine tool body 1 drives the clamped crankshaft to move horizontally back and forth, so that the machine tool body 1 drives the crankshaft to rotate while moving horizontally back and forth. The moving distance is controlled so that the grinding belt 34 just moves to the two ends of the crankshaft shaft, so that the grinding belt 34 can grind the crankshaft shaft horizontally in an all-round way.

[0046] The upper end of the double-ended telescopic frame 312 is equipped with a telescopic end frame 3126 that can be vertically elastically extended and retracted, and the lower end of the telescopic end frame 3126 is equipped with an outer tension wheel 3127, which contacts the outer ring surface of the grinding belt 34.

[0047] In this embodiment, the telescopic end frame 3126 can extend and retract vertically. The telescopic end frame 3126 pushes the outer tensioning wheel 3127 to apply pressure to the upper side of the outer ring surface of the grinding belt 34, thereby helping to tighten the grinding belt 34.

[0048] Specifically, the clamping wheel assembly 33 includes a shaping wheel assembly 331 and a drive frame 332. One end of the drive frame 332 is connected to the middle position of the shaping wheel assembly 331, and the other end of the drive frame 332 passes through an adjacent telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312. The shaping wheel assembly 331 can rotate relative to the drive frame 332, and the drive frame 332 can move horizontally relative to the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312.

[0049] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, a compression transmission unit 333 is installed at the connection between the drive frame 332 and the telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame 312, and the compression transmission unit 333 is connected to the double-ended telescopic frame 312. The main movable frame 311 is equipped with a linkage transmission unit 334, and the upper ends of the two extrusion transmission units 333 connected to both ends of the double-end telescopic frame 312 are connected to the adjacent linkage transmission unit 334. The lifting drive main frame 2 is equipped with a drive shaft 335. The drive shaft 335 drives the drive frame 332 to move horizontally through the linkage transmission unit 334 and the extrusion transmission unit 333. There are two drive shafts 335. The lifting drive main frame 2 is equipped with a dual-axis power box that drives the two drive shafts 335 to rotate. The dual-axis power box provides rotational power to the drive shafts 335. At the same time, the dual-axis power box is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0050] Specifically, the extrusion transmission unit 333 includes a gear and tooth plate meshing assembly 3331 and a telescopic vertical shaft 3333.

[0051] The gear and tooth plate meshing assembly 3331 consists of meshing gears and tooth plates. The tooth plate portion of the gear and tooth plate meshing assembly 3331 is connected to the drive frame 332. The gear portion of the gear and tooth plate meshing assembly 3331 is coaxially mounted with a long shaft 3332. The long shaft 3332 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312. The two telescopic ends of the telescopic vertical shaft 3333 are rotatably connected to the two telescopic parts of the double-end telescopic frame 312 respectively. The two ends of the telescopic vertical shaft 3333 can rotate synchronously when telescopic. The lower end of the telescopic vertical shaft 3333 is driven to the adjacent long shaft 3332 through the lower bevel gear meshing assembly 3334. The lower bevel gear meshing assembly 3334 is composed of two bevel gears meshing with each other. The bevel gear connected to the lower bevel gear meshing assembly 3334 and the long shaft 3332 can elastically twist relative to the long shaft 3332. The long shaft 3332 and the connected bevel gear are connected through a torsion spring, so that the push drive frame 332 controls the shaping wheel group 331 to apply elastic thrust to the grinding belt 34.

[0052] Specifically, the linkage transmission unit 334 includes a sleeve shaft 3341 and an inner shaft 3342. The sleeve shaft 3341 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft 3342. Both ends of the sleeve shaft 3341 are rotatably connected to the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame 312. Both ends of the inner shaft 3342 are rotatably connected to the adjacent main movable frame 311. The sleeve shaft 3341 rotates synchronously with the inner shaft 3342, and at the same time, the sleeve shaft 3341 can slide on the outside of the inner shaft 3342.

[0053] The upper end of the telescopic vertical shaft 3333 is driven by the adjacent sleeve shaft 3341 through the upper bevel gear meshing assembly 3346. The sleeve shaft 3341 is driven by the drive shaft 335 through the transmission bevel gear meshing assembly 3343. The transmission bevel gear meshing assembly 3343 includes two transmission bevel gears 3344 and a right angle plate 3345. The sleeve shaft 3341 is coaxially mounted with the adjacent transmission bevel gear 3344. Both transmission bevel gears 3344 are rotatably connected to the right angle plate 3345. The drive shaft 335 is slidably inserted into the axis of the adjacent transmission bevel gear 3344. The transmission bevel gear 3344 on the outside of the drive shaft 335 can move horizontally in sync with the connected main movable frame 311 and double-end telescopic frame 312.

[0054] In this embodiment, the drive shaft 335 drives the inner shaft 3342 to rotate through the meshing of two transmission bevel gears 3344, and the sleeve shaft 3341 rotates synchronously. Through the transmission of the upper bevel gear meshing assembly 3346, the telescopic vertical shaft 3333, the lower bevel gear meshing assembly 3334, the long shaft 3332 and the gear tooth plate meshing assembly 3331, the drive frame 332 is controlled to move horizontally.

[0055] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, a driving spur gear 3121 is coaxially mounted on both sides of the long shaft 3332 located on the double-ended telescopic frame 312. A driven spur gear 3122 meshes with the lower side of the driving spur gear 3121. A short shaft 3123 capable of elastic torsion is coaxially mounted on the driven spur gear 3122. Preferably, the short shaft 3123 is connected to the driven spur gear 3122 via a torsion spring. The short shaft 3123 is mounted on the lower telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame 312. The two ends of the short shaft 3123 can be connected relative to each other. The telescopic frame 312 is rotatably connected. Each telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame 312 is provided with a rotating frame 3124. The rotating frame 3124 is fixed to the adjacent short shaft 3123. The other end of the rotating frame 3124 is equipped with an auxiliary push plate 3125 that can rotate elastically. The auxiliary push plate 3125 is connected to the rotating frame 3124 by a torsion spring. When the two drive frames 332 connected to the double-ended telescopic frame 312 are at their farthest distance, the two auxiliary push plates 3125 on the corresponding lower side rotate to be distributed in a figure-eight shape.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the grinding belt 34 is not in contact with the crankshaft shaft, the two drive frames 332 are controlled to be at their maximum distance. When the drive frames 332 on both sides of the crankshaft shaft move away from each other, the short shaft 3123 and the connected rotating frame 3124 are driven to rotate through the transmission of the driving spur gear 3121 and the driven spur gear 3122, which drives the two auxiliary push plates 3125 to rotate to a V-shaped position. At this time, the lifting drive main frame 2 drives the grinding belt 34 and the bidirectional moving... As the frame 31 moves downward, the V-shaped auxiliary push plate 3125 moves relative to the main movable frame 311 by moving with the crankshaft shaft. This allows the crankshaft shaft to move precisely between the two inner tensioning rollers 322 and the two shaping roller sets 331 through the upper ends of the two auxiliary push plates 3125. This facilitates the later application of the two shaping roller sets 331 to push the grinding belt 34 to fit against the crankshaft shaft to form an "Ω" shaped grinding state when the two shaping roller sets 331 approach each other.

[0057] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, a fixed pressure plate 3111 is arranged parallel to the upper side of the lifting drive main frame 2. The two ends of the fixed pressure plate 3111 are elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame 2, preferably by means of a vertical elastic telescopic rod. The fixed pressure plate 3111 presses and fixes the lower main movable frame 311 in a fixed position under the elastic connection with the lifting drive main frame 2. Both ends of the fixed pressure plate 3111 are provided with trapezoidal inclined blocks 3112. The contact part between the trapezoidal inclined blocks 3112 and the fixed pressure plate 3111 is an inclined surface. The trapezoidal inclined blocks 3112 are elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame 2 and are connected by a horizontally set tension telescopic rod, which drives the trapezoidal inclined blocks 3112 to move away from the fixed pressure plate 3111. The trapezoidal inclined blocks 3112 can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame 2. A trapezoidal pressure block 3113 is provided on the upper side of the trapezoidal inclined block 3112. The trapezoidal pressure block 3113 is fixed to the machine tool body 1, and the bottom surface of the trapezoidal pressure block 3113 is an inclined surface.

[0058] In this embodiment, before the trapezoidal pressure block 3113 contacts the trapezoidal inclined block 3112, the fixed pressure plate 3111 presses the upper end of the main movable frame 311 under the vertical elastic force of the lifting drive main frame 2, thereby fixing the horizontal position of the main movable frame 311 relative to the lifting drive main frame 2. When the upper end of the lifting drive main frame 2 moves upward, the trapezoidal inclined block 3112 gradually contacts the inclined surface of the lower end of the trapezoidal pressure block 3113. As it continues to move upward, it pushes the trapezoidal inclined block 3112 to gradually enter the lower side of the fixed pressure plate 3111, pushing the fixed pressure plate 3111 to detach from the fixation of the main movable frame 311. The position of the main movable frame 311 can be adjusted according to the position of the crankshaft shaft, increasing the adaptability of the device.

[0059] The working principle is as follows: First, the crankshaft to be processed is clamped between two mounting plates of the machine tool body 1. The relative distance between the two mounting plates is adjusted according to the length of the crankshaft to complete the clamping and fixing. Then, for the shafts to be ground at different positions on the crankshaft, the horizontal position of each movable grinding unit 3 on the lifting drive main frame 2 is adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the relative position of the main movable frame 311 is locked.

[0060] When the grinding operation begins, the lifting drive main frame 2 drives the movable grinding unit 3 to move downward as a whole. In the initial state, the two clamping wheel sets 33 are at their maximum opening distance. The two auxiliary push plates 3125 on the lower side of the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 are distributed in a figure-eight shape. Under the guidance of the figure-eight auxiliary push plates 3125, the crankshaft shaft accurately enters the inner side of the grinding belt 34. After the crankshaft shaft enters the predetermined position, the dual-shaft power box drives the drive shaft 335 to rotate. Through the multi-stage transmission of the linkage transmission unit 334 and the extrusion transmission unit 333, the clamping wheel sets 33 on both sides move horizontally inward in sync. The shaping wheel set 331 of the clamping wheel set 33 extrudes the lower side of the grinding belt 34. With the positioning of the upper conveying wheel set 32, the grinding belt 34 forms a well-fitting "Ω"-shaped wrapping state on the outer side of the crankshaft shaft, ensuring that the grinding belt 34 and the crankshaft shaft maintain sufficient contact area.

[0061] Subsequently, the machine tool body 1 drives the mounting plate to rotate the crankshaft, and at the same time drives the crankshaft as a whole to move horizontally back and forth along the axial direction. The grinding belt 34 moves continuously under the drive of the conveyor wheel set 32, polishing the surface of the crankshaft in all directions. During the grinding process, the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame 312 can adaptively and elastically extend and retract according to the eccentric up and down movement of the crankshaft during rotation. Combined with the tensioning structure of the grinding belt 34, the grinding belt 34 is always kept in stable contact with the crankshaft, avoiding problems such as missed polishing or uneven pressure.

[0062] After a single crankshaft is polished, the lifting drive main frame 2 drives the movable polishing unit 3 to return to its original position and the clamping wheel set 33 opens to release the pressure on the polishing belt 34. Then, the next crankshaft to be polished can be replaced or the position of the movable polishing unit 3 can be adjusted to polish another crankshaft.

[0063] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision crankshaft surface polishing device, comprising a machine tool body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The lifting drive main frame (2) is installed on the upper surface of the machine tool body (1) at both ends, and the lifting drive main frame (2) can move up and down relative to the machine tool body (1); The movable grinding unit (3) is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame (2). Multiple movable grinding units (3) are provided. The movable grinding unit (3) can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame (2). The active polishing unit (3) includes: The bidirectional movable frame (31) has its upper end slidably connected to the lifting drive main frame (2), and the bidirectional movable frame (31) can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame (2). The lower end of the bidirectional movable frame (31) can slide longitudinally relative to the upper end, and the lower sides of both ends of the bidirectional movable frame (31) can extend and retract vertically. The conveyor wheel assembly (32) is connected to the bidirectional movable frame (31). The conveyor wheel assembly (32) is composed of multiple wheels, and the multiple wheels of the conveyor wheel assembly (32) are driven by a grinding belt (34). Clamping wheel assembly (33) is provided in two. The two clamping wheel assemblies (33) are respectively connected to the lower side of the two telescopic ends of the bidirectional movable frame (31). The two clamping wheel assemblies (33) can squeeze the grinding belt (34) through telescopic energy. After the grinding belt (34) is placed on the surface of the crankshaft to be ground, the two clamping wheel assemblies (33) press the part of the grinding belt (34) located on the lower side of the crankshaft. The grinding belt (34) and the crankshaft form an "Ω" shaped grinding state.

2. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional movable frame (31) includes a main movable frame (311) and a double-end telescopic frame (312). The upper end of the main movable frame (311) is connected to the upper end of the lifting drive main frame (2), and the main movable frame (311) can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame (2). The upper end of the double-end telescopic frame (312) is connected to the main movable frame (311), and the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame (312) can move horizontally relative to the main movable frame (311). The lower end of the double-ended telescopic frame (312) can be vertically elastically extended and retracted.

3. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveyor wheel assembly (32) includes two fixed conveyor wheels (321) and two inner tension wheels (322), and both the two fixed conveyor wheels (321) and the two inner tension wheels (322) are in contact with the inner ring surface of the grinding belt (34); Both fixed conveyor wheels (321) are horizontally installed at the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame (312); Both inner tensioning wheels (322) are equipped with elastic frames (323). The two elastic frames (323) are connected to the two lower telescopic ends of the double-end telescopic frame (312) at opposite ends. The elastic frames (323) can extend and retract horizontally.

4. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping wheel assembly (33) includes a shaping wheel assembly (331) and a drive frame (332). One end of the drive frame (332) is connected to the middle position of the shaping wheel assembly (331), and the other end of the drive frame (332) passes through an adjacent telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame (312). The shaping wheel assembly (331) can rotate relative to the drive frame (332), and the drive frame (332) can move horizontally relative to the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame (312).

5. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: An extrusion transmission unit (333) is installed at the connection between the drive frame (332) and the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame (312), and the extrusion transmission unit (333) is connected to the double-end telescopic frame (312). The main movable frame (311) is equipped with a linkage transmission unit (334), and the upper ends of the two extrusion transmission units (333) connected to both ends of the double-end telescopic frame (312) are connected to the adjacent linkage transmission unit (334). The lifting drive main frame (2) is equipped with a drive shaft (335), which drives the drive frame (332) to move horizontally through the linkage transmission unit (334) and the extrusion transmission unit (333).

6. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extrusion transmission unit (333) includes: The gear and tooth plate meshing assembly (3331) is composed of meshing gears and tooth plates. The tooth plate part of the gear and tooth plate meshing assembly (3331) is connected to the drive frame (332). The gear part of the gear and tooth plate meshing assembly (3331) is coaxially mounted with a long shaft (3332). The long shaft (3332) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the double-end telescopic frame (312). The telescopic vertical shaft (3333) has two telescopic ends that are rotatably connected to the two telescopic parts of the double-end telescopic frame (312). The lower end of the telescopic vertical shaft (3333) is driven to the adjacent long shaft (3332) through the lower bevel gear meshing assembly (3334). The lower bevel gear meshing assembly (3334) is composed of two bevel gears that mesh with each other. The bevel gear connected to the long shaft (3332) of the lower bevel gear meshing assembly (3334) can elastically twist relative to the long shaft (3332).

7. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage transmission unit (334) includes a sleeve shaft (3341) and an inner shaft (3342). The sleeve shaft (3341) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft (3342). The two ends of the sleeve shaft (3341) are rotatably connected to the upper end of the double-end telescopic frame (312), and the two ends of the inner shaft (3342) are rotatably connected to the adjacent main movable frame (311). The upper end of the telescopic vertical shaft (3333) is driven by the adjacent sleeve shaft (3341) through the upper bevel gear meshing assembly (3346). The sleeve shaft (3341) and the drive shaft (335) are driven by the transmission bevel gear meshing assembly (3343). The transmission bevel gear meshing assembly (3343) includes two transmission bevel gears (3344) and a right angle plate (3345). The sleeve shaft (3341) and the adjacent transmission bevel gear (3344) are coaxially installed. Both transmission bevel gears (3344) are rotatably connected to the right angle plate (3345). The drive shaft (335) is slidably inserted into the axis of the adjacent transmission bevel gear (3344).

8. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The long shaft (3332) is located on both sides of the double-ended telescopic frame (312), and a driving spur gear (3121) is coaxially mounted on both sides. A driven spur gear (3122) meshes with the lower side of the driving spur gear (3121). A short shaft (3123) capable of elastic torsion is coaxially mounted on the driven spur gear (3122). The short shaft (3123) is installed at the lower telescopic end of the double-ended telescopic frame (312), and the short shaft (3123) can rotate relative to the double-ended telescopic frame (312). The double-ended telescopic frame (312) is connected to a rotating frame (3124) on the lower side of each telescopic end. The rotating frame (3124) is fixed to the adjacent short shaft (3123). The other end of the rotating frame (3124) is equipped with an auxiliary push plate (3125) that can rotate elastically. When the two drive frames (332) connected to the double-ended telescopic frame (312) are at their farthest distance, the two auxiliary push plates (3125) on the lower side rotate to be distributed in a figure-eight shape.

9. The surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the double-ended telescopic frame (312) is equipped with a telescopic end frame (3126) that can be vertically elastically extended and retracted, and the lower end of the telescopic end frame (3126) is equipped with an outer tension wheel (3127), which contacts the outer ring surface of the grinding belt (34).

10. A surface polishing device for a high-precision crankshaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fixed pressure plate (3111) is arranged parallel to the upper side of the lifting drive main frame (2). The two ends of the fixed pressure plate (3111) are elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame (2). The fixed pressure plate (3111) presses and fixes the main movable frame (311) on the lower side under the elastic connection with the lifting drive main frame (2). Both ends of the fixed pressure plate (3111) are provided with trapezoidal inclined blocks (3112). The contact part between the trapezoidal inclined block (3112) and the fixed pressure plate (3111) is an inclined surface. The trapezoidal inclined block (3112) is elastically connected to the lifting drive main frame (2). The trapezoidal inclined block (3112) can move horizontally relative to the lifting drive main frame (2). A trapezoidal pressure block (3113) is provided on the upper side of the trapezoidal inclined block (3112). The trapezoidal pressure block (3113) is fixed to the machine tool body (1), and the bottom surface of the trapezoidal pressure block (3113) is an inclined surface.

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