Sliding rod type sealing ring guiding automatic assembly mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a slide rod type sealing ring guide type automatic assembling mechanism, which comprises two symmetrical half circular blocks, a driving mechanism of the half circular blocks, a pushing sleeve and an independent pushing driving device. The two half circular blocks are mutually adhered at the spliced end surfaces in the expanded state, and form a seamless cylindrical outer wall surface to uniformly support the sealing ring. The pushing sleeve is a complete ring structure and is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the half circular blocks. The pushing driving device is independent of the driving mechanism, and drives the pushing sleeve to push the sealing ring away from the seamless cylindrical outer wall surface under the condition that the half circular blocks remain unchanged in the expanded state. The application cooperatively matches the double-limb seamless cylindrical supporting and the independent driving without shrinking and demolding, and eliminates the supporting distortion and demolding scraping damage of the sealing ring from the mechanism. The half circular blocks and the pushing sleeve can be integrated into a quick-change module, and quick changeover is realized through a detachable butt joint interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated assembly technology, and specifically to a sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] O-rings, as critical sealing elements, are widely used in sealing components of cylindrical workpieces such as electronic connectors, pipe fittings, and valves. Taking industrial plug housings as an example, their threaded bottoms typically have an annular stepped groove for installing O-rings to achieve a protective seal. With the increasing automation in manufacturing, fully automated assembly of O-rings has become a key aspect of improving production line efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the automatic opening and assembly of sealing rings generally adopts a multi-claw opening mechanism. A typical solution is a three-claw or four-claw structure, in which multiple opening claws are driven by a cylinder or motor to expand radially and synchronously, opening the sealing ring from the inside to a size larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece. Then, the opened sealing ring is moved above the workpiece installation position, and the opening claws retract, causing the sealing ring to fall into the stepped groove of the workpiece under the action of gravity or auxiliary thrust.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned traditional solutions have revealed the following technical problems in long-term application.

[0005] First, uneven expansion leads to damage to the sealing ring. Multi-claw expansion is a discrete contact support system. The inner ring of the sealing ring only receives radial support force at the localized locations in contact with the expansion claws, while the area between adjacent claws lacks effective support. This discontinuous support method causes uneven circumferential deformation of the sealing ring in the expanded state. Localized stress concentration can easily lead to irreversible damage such as torsion and tension, affecting the service life and sealing reliability of the sealing ring.

[0006] Secondly, demolding scraping leads to assembly defects. In traditional solutions, after the expansion claw moves the sealing ring to the workpiece mounting position, it must first retract radially to a size smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece before it can exit the gap between the sealing ring and the workpiece. During the retraction of the expansion claw, the relative sliding between its outer wall surface and the inner wall surface of the sealing ring generates friction, which easily scrapes the inner surface of the sealing ring. At the same time, at the moment of retraction, the sealing ring loses uniform support, and its landing posture is uncontrollable, easily causing skewing and twisting, resulting in the sealing ring failing to accurately fall into the workpiece stepped groove. Those skilled in the art generally believe that the expansion-type sealing ring assembly mechanism must first retract radially to a size smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece during demolding; otherwise, the expansion component will physically prevent the sealing ring from detaching and falling into the workpiece stepped groove.

[0007] Third, the changeover efficiency is low. When the workpiece model changes or the inner diameter of the sealing ring changes, the size and shape of the opening claw and the mounting interface of the base all need to be redesigned and processed. The disassembly and assembly process is complicated and usually requires several hours or even longer downtime, making it difficult to meet the needs of flexible production of multiple varieties and small batches.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic assembly mechanism for sealing rings that can achieve uniform expansion and scratch-free demolding while ensuring that the sealing ring is not damaged, and also has the ability to quickly change shapes. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic assembly mechanism for guide rings of sliding rod type, so as to solve the technical problems of uneven spreading leading to damage and demolding scratches leading to defects in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sliding rod-type sealing ring guiding automatic assembly mechanism includes: two symmetrically arranged semicircular blocks and a drive mechanism for driving the two semicircular blocks to expand or contract synchronously in the radial direction; a pusher sleeve, which is a complete circular ring structure, is coaxially fitted around the two semicircular blocks; a pusher drive device, independent of the drive mechanism, is used to drive the pusher sleeve to slide axially relative to the semicircular blocks; wherein, the two semicircular blocks are configured such that, in the expanded state, their splicing end faces are fitted together to form an integral seamless cylindrical outer wall surface to uniformly expand the sealing ring; the pusher sleeve is configured such that, while the two semicircular blocks remain in the expanded state, it moves axially to push the expanded sealing ring away from the seamless cylindrical outer wall surface. The core innovation of this solution lies in replacing the traditional multi-claw discrete support with a seamless cylindrical outer wall formed by two-lobed splicing, thus eliminating local stress concentration during the expansion process. Simultaneously, an independently driven pusher sleeve pushes the sealing ring away while the semi-circular block remains expanded, preventing scratch damage caused by the shrinkage of the expansion component. These two elements work synergistically: the seamless cylindrical surface provides a continuous and uniform axial sliding support surface for the pusher sleeve, while the independent drive of the pusher sleeve provides the logical basis for non-shrinkage demolding, jointly achieving the unity of uniform sealing ring expansion and damage-free demolding.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a detachable docking interface, located below the vertical lifting module, featuring an end-face positioning structure and multi-channel pneumatic quick-connect fittings. The semi-circular block and the pusher sleeve are integrated into a quick-change module, which is detachably connected to the vertical lifting module via the detachable docking interface. When the product model changes, the operator only needs to disassemble the original module and replace it with a module adapted to the new specifications. The end-face positioning structure ensures radial accuracy during repeated installation, and the multi-channel pneumatic quick-connect fittings enable rapid disconnection and connection of the pneumatic circuits. Furthermore, the detachable docking interface also includes an electrical signal interface for transmitting the position detection signals of the semi-circular block and the pusher sleeve, achieving integrated and rapid electrical signal docking.

[0012] Furthermore, the splicing end faces of the two semi-circular blocks are respectively provided with mutually cooperating guide structures. The guide structures are the cooperation of V-shaped grooves and V-shaped ridges, or the cooperation of conical pin holes and conical pins, so as to guide the splicing end faces to fit seamlessly in the expanded state.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a synchronous wedge linkage mechanism, including a wedge block and a power cylinder connected to the wedge block. The two inclined surfaces of the wedge block slide in contact with the inner inclined surfaces of the two semicircular arc blocks, respectively, converting the axial motion of the power cylinder into the synchronous radial motion of the two semicircular arc blocks. Unlike the conical push block scheme that uses a single outer conical surface to drive multiple arc blocks simultaneously, the two inclined surfaces of the wedge block independently drive the two semicircular arc blocks, with a one-to-one force transmission path. The machining area and fitting accuracy of the driving surface are precisely matched to the double-lobed structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the fitting clearance between the inner diameter of the pusher sleeve and the outer diameter of the outer wall of the cylinder formed by the splicing of the two semi-circular arc blocks is 0.02mm to 0.05mm, which is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the sealing ring to be assembled.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower edge of the pusher sleeve is provided with a rounded corner transition structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the material pushing drive device is an independent cylinder, and the stroke of the independent cylinder can be adjusted independently of the drive mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a vertical lifting module, a horizontal moving module, and a vibrating feeding channel, which together constitute a complete automated assembly equipment.

[0018] This invention also provides an automated assembly method for sealing rings, applicable to the sliding rod-type sealing ring guide automatic assembly mechanism described above, comprising the following steps: Step S1, two semi-circular blocks are in a contracted state, extending downwards through the inner hole of the sealing ring to be assembled; Step S2, a driving mechanism drives the two semi-circular blocks to expand radially synchronously, so that the splicing end faces fit together to form a seamless cylindrical outer wall surface, uniformly expanding the sealing ring; Step S3, the expanded sealing ring is moved to the installation position above the target workpiece; Step S4, while the two semi-circular blocks remain in an expanded state, a pushing drive device drives a pushing sleeve to move axially, pushing the sealing ring away from the seamless cylindrical outer wall surface, so that it fits into the installation position of the target workpiece; Step S5, the pushing sleeve moves upwards to reset, and the two semi-circular blocks contract and reset.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, it eliminates expansion damage. By replacing the traditional multi-claw discrete support with a seamless cylindrical outer wall formed by splicing two semi-circular blocks, the inner ring of the sealing ring receives a continuous and uniform radial support force of 360°, thus eliminating the torsional and tensile deformation caused by localized stress concentration. This effect was unforeseen by those skilled in the art before the application date, as the two-lobed scheme was traditionally considered less flexible in terms of expansion than the three-claw scheme. This invention overcomes this inherent bias through a precision-guided splicing structure.

[0020] Secondly, it eliminates demolding scratches. An independently driven pusher sleeve pushes the sealing ring away while the semi-circular block remains expanded, ensuring the expanded component does not shrink throughout the entire process. This fundamentally eliminates the friction and scratches that can occur during shrinkage and withdrawal, as well as the uncontrollable positioning issues. This effect exceeds conventional expectations in the field, as there has long been a technical bias in the industry regarding the inability to demold in an expanded state. Research and development have focused on optimizing shrinkage parameters and surface treatments to reduce scratches, while this invention completely avoids the scratching problem with the opposite approach.

[0021] Third, synergistic effect. The double-lobed seamless cylindrical surface provides a continuous and uniform axial sliding support surface for the pusher sleeve, ensuring uniform force distribution at all circumferential points when the pusher sleeve pushes away from the sealing ring. The independent drive of the pusher sleeve provides the operational logic basis for non-shrink demolding. If the pusher sleeve is applied to a traditional three-jaw opening mechanism, the pusher sleeve cannot obtain a continuous support surface in the radial recessed area between the three jaws. During the push process, the sealing ring will undergo uneven deformation in the recessed area, making uniform push-away impossible. This, in turn, proves the indispensability of the seamless cylindrical surface to the pusher sleeve function. The two are not simply superimposed, but functionally coupled and mutually dependent, forming an inseparable technical whole.

[0022] Fourth, when a detachable docking interface is further included, by integrating the semi-circular block and the pusher sleeve into a standardized quick-change module, and with the end face positioning structure of the detachable docking interface and the multi-way air quick-connect connector, the changeover operation is simplified to a module-level overall replacement, significantly shortening the changeover time. Moreover, the end face positioning structure ensures the accuracy of repeated installation, eliminating the need for recalibration.

[0023] Fifth, the non-obviousness of the choice of the number of petals. This invention uses only two semi-circular blocks spliced ​​together to form a cylindrical surface, reducing the number of seams to a theoretical minimum (only two seams), achieving maximum cylindrical surface continuity with the fewest splicing seams. Each splicing seam is a potential point of disruption to the cylindrical surface continuity. While increasing the number of arc blocks can reduce the size of a single seam, the total number of seams increases, leading to a greater accumulation of the micro-suspended area of ​​the sealing ring at the seams. The double-petal scheme maximizes the continuous support area of ​​the cylindrical surface while ensuring the opening function, a technical effect that cannot be achieved by using a multi-petal scheme with three or more arc blocks. It should be noted that for applications with a small inner diameter and an even smaller outer diameter when folded up, the multi-petal scheme may have advantages in terms of structural compactness. However, the core technical problem solved by this invention—uniformity of opening—is optimally solved in the double-petal scheme. This choice of the number of petals is not a simple choice under the guidance of existing technology for those skilled in the art, but a non-obvious technical decision made after in-depth analysis of the inverse relationship between cylindrical surface continuity and the number of seams. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged and structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The correspondence between the numbers and component names in the diagram is as follows: 1 Detachable docking interface, 11 Multi-channel air quick-connect connector, 2 Semi-circular arc block, 21 Guide structure, 3 Pushing sleeve, 4 Quick-change module, 5 Drive mechanism, 51 Wedge block, 52 Power cylinder, 6 Pushing drive device, 61 Independent cylinder, 7 Vertical lifting module, 8 Horizontal movement module, 9 Vibrating feeding channel. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] Example 1 This embodiment provides a sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism, the overall structure of which includes a basic frame, a feeding system, a displacement drive system and a core execution system.

[0031] The basic frame serves as the mounting carrier for each subsystem, and a vertical lifting module 7 and a horizontal moving module 8 are mounted on top of it. The vertical lifting module 7 uses a servo motor-driven ball screw to provide precise lifting motion in the Z-axis direction. The horizontal moving module 8 uses a horizontal guide rod cylinder assembly to provide reciprocating conveying motion in the horizontal direction. The feeding system includes a vibrating feeding channel 9, which is an inclined linear vibrating feeding channel. The channel width can be adjusted via a handwheel to accommodate sealing rings of different cross-sectional diameters. A dispensing cylinder is located at the end of the channel to isolate and release the continuously conveyed sealing rings one by one to the picking position.

[0032] The core execution system comprises two parts: a detachable docking interface 1 and a quick-change module 4. The detachable docking interface 1 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical lifting module 7. Its lower end face has an end-face positioning structure, which is a stop positioning structure. The inner cylindrical surface of the stop and the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of the quick-change module 4 form a precise clearance fit, ensuring the radial position accuracy of the quick-change module 4 after each installation. The detachable docking interface 1 internally integrates a female head of a multi-channel pneumatic quick-connect connector 11 and a spring contact end of an electrical signal interface. The upper end of the quick-change module 4 has a corresponding male head of a multi-channel pneumatic quick-connect connector 11 and a contact end of an electrical signal interface; when the two are connected, the pneumatic and electrical signals are simultaneously connected.

[0033] The quick-change module 4 integrates a double-lobed expansion assembly and a material ejection and demolding assembly. The double-lobed expansion assembly includes two symmetrically arranged semicircular blocks 2, each with a central angle of 180 degrees and an arc-shaped cross-section. The radius of curvature of its outer wall surface is consistent with the radius of the cylindrical surface required in the expanded state. The two semicircular blocks 2 are mounted on the base of the quick-change module 4 via linear guides at the bottom, allowing for precise linear sliding in the radial direction. Each semicircular block 2 has a guide structure 21 on its splicing end face: one end face is machined with an axially extending V-shaped groove, and the corresponding position on the other end face is machined with a V-shaped ridge. The mating surfaces of the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped ridge are precision ground. When the two semicircular blocks 2 expand radially to their limit position, the V-shaped ridge embeds into the V-shaped groove, automatically correcting the relative position of the two semicircular blocks 2, eliminating the splicing seam, and forming a complete 360° seamless cylindrical outer wall surface. After the two semicircular blocks 2 are spliced ​​together, only two seams are formed. This is the minimum number of seams required to enclose a complete cylindrical surface, thus ensuring the continuity of the cylindrical surface to the greatest extent.

[0034] The radial drive of the semicircular blocks 2 is achieved by a drive mechanism 5, which is a synchronous wedge linkage mechanism. This mechanism includes a wedge block 51 and a power cylinder 52 connected to the upper end of the wedge block 51. The wedge block 51 is located at the center between the two semicircular blocks 2, and symmetrical inclined surfaces are machined on both sides, with an angle of 15° to 20°. Corresponding inner inclined surfaces matching the inclined surfaces of the wedge block 51 are machined on the inner bottom of the two semicircular blocks 2. When the power cylinder 52 drives the wedge block 51 axially downward, the inclined surfaces of the wedge block 51 push the two semicircular blocks 2 to expand radially outward synchronously through sliding contact; when the power cylinder 52 drives the wedge block 51 upward, the semicircular blocks 2 contract radially inward synchronously under the action of a return spring. Unlike the cone-face pusher scheme that uses a single outer cone surface to drive multiple arc blocks simultaneously, the wedge block 51 in this embodiment has two independent inclined surfaces, each of which drives a semi-circular arc block 2. The force transmission path is one-to-one, and the machining area and fitting accuracy of the driving surface are precisely matched with the double-lobed structure, resulting in higher driving efficiency. Those skilled in the art will understand that, as an alternative, the driving mechanism 5 can also take the following form: two independent servo motors drive the two semi-circular arc blocks 2 respectively through a gear and rack pair, achieving radial motion synchronization through electrical synchronization control; or a double eccentric cam mechanism can be used, with a single motor driving the camshaft, and two cams driving the corresponding semi-circular arc blocks 2 to perform synchronous radial motion.

[0035] The ejector and demolding assembly includes an ejector sleeve 3 and an ejector drive device 6. The ejector sleeve 3 is a complete circular ring structure, made of tool steel that has been quenched and precision ground. The fit clearance between its inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cylindrical outer wall formed by the two semi-circular blocks 2 is controlled within the range of 0.02mm to 0.05mm. This clearance is less than one-tenth the cross-sectional diameter of a conventional O-ring seal, therefore the seal cannot be squeezed into this clearance during ejection. The lower edge of the ejector sleeve 3 is machined with a rounded transition structure of R0.3mm to R0.5mm to prevent localized stress concentration or scratches on the top surface of the seal during ejection. The ejector drive device 6 is an independent cylinder 61, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the quick-change module 4. Its piston rod is connected to the ejector sleeve 3 via a connecting bracket. The air circuit of the independent cylinder 61 and the air circuit of the power cylinder 52 are controlled by different solenoid valves, and their stroke, speed, and action sequence can be set independently.

[0036] During operation, the assembly process is as follows: Step S1: Material Retrieval: The transverse module 8 drives the core execution system to move above the material retrieval position, and the vertical lifting module 7 drives the execution system downward. The two semi-circular blocks 2 are in a radially contracted state, with their outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the sealing ring. The semi-circular blocks 2 smoothly pass through the inner hole of the sealing ring. Step S2: Expansion: The power cylinder 52 drives the wedge block 51 downward, and through the inclined surface cooperation, pushes the two semi-circular blocks 2 to expand radially outward synchronously. When the expansion reaches the limit stroke, the splicing end faces of the two semi-circular blocks 2 are automatically guided and fitted by the guide structure 21 to form a seamless cylindrical outer wall surface. The sealing ring is evenly expanded to a size larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece. Step S3: Transfer: The vertical lifting module 7 moves upward to reset, the transverse module 8 moves the expanded sealing ring to directly above the workpiece, and the vertical lifting module 7 descends again to the preset installation height. Step S4 Demolding and Installation: The semi-circular block 2 remains in an expanded state. The independent cylinder 61 of the pusher drive device 6 drives the pusher sleeve 3 to move downward axially. After the lower edge of the pusher sleeve 3 contacts the top surface of the sealing ring, an axial thrust is applied evenly in the circumferential direction. The sealing ring slides downward along the outer wall of the seamless cylinder and finally detaches from the outer wall of the semi-circular block 2, accurately falling into the workpiece step groove. During this process, the vertical lifting module 7 can simultaneously perform a slight upward movement, with the upward movement not exceeding the axial gap reserved between the lower end face of the semi-circular block 2 and the upper edge of the installation position, so as to generate differential speed to reduce the frictional impact when the sealing ring detaches from the cylindrical surface. Step S5 Reset: The independent cylinder 61 drives the pusher sleeve 3 to move upward to reset, and the power cylinder 52 drives the wedge block 51 to move upward, causing the two semi-circular blocks 2 to radially retract and reset. Each axis returns to its initial position, completing one assembly cycle.

[0037] When it is necessary to replace the sealing ring of a different specification, the operator removes the quick-change module 4 from the detachable docking interface 1 as a whole. The end face positioning structure can be separated without tools, and the multi-way air quick-connect connector 11 and the electrical signal interface are disconnected at the same time. Then, another quick-change module 4 adapted to the new specification sealing ring is docked and installed. The end face positioning structure ensures the radial position accuracy after installation. The replacement process can be completed in a few minutes without recalibrating the center position.

[0038] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the driving mechanism 5 of the semicircular block 2 adopts an electrical synchronization scheme instead of a mechanical wedge linkage scheme. The driving mechanism 5 includes two independent servo motors, which are connected to the corresponding semicircular block 2 via ball screw pairs. The control system sends synchronous motion commands to the two servo motors through a high-speed synchronous control algorithm, enabling the two semicircular blocks 2 to achieve radial synchronous expansion and contraction. The radial position of each semicircular block 2 is fed back to the control system in real time by an independent optical or magnetic ruler, forming a fully closed-loop position control. The advantage of the electrical synchronization scheme is that the expansion stroke of the semicircular block 2 can be flexibly set by modifying the motion parameters of the servo motors, adapting to different opening diameters within a certain range without replacing the mechanical wedge blocks. At the same time, the radial positions of the two semicircular blocks 2 can be monitored in real time. The assembly process of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that in step S2, the semicircular block 2 is driven by two independent servo motors for synchronous expansion. The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0039] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the end face positioning structure of the detachable docking interface 1 uses a flange face plus positioning pins instead of a stop for positioning. The lower end face of the end face positioning structure is a precision-machined flange plane with two symmetrically distributed positioning pin holes. The upper end face of the quick-change module 4 is the corresponding flange plane and has positioning pins that mate with the positioning pin holes. During installation, the positioning pins on the upper end face of the quick-change module 4 are inserted into the positioning pin holes on the lower end face of the end face positioning structure to achieve precise radial positioning; after the flange faces are fitted, they are locked by quick-clamping buckles to complete the installation. The advantage of the flange positioning scheme is that the fit between the positioning pins and the pin holes provides higher torsional stiffness. The assembly process of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The remaining structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0040] Example 4 As a variant of Embodiment 1, the pusher drive device 6 can use a motor-driven screw and nut pair instead of the independent cylinder 61. A stepper motor or servo motor is mounted on the side wall of the quick-change module 4. The output shaft of the motor is connected to a ball screw through a coupling, and the screw nut is fixedly connected to the pusher sleeve 3 through a connecting bracket. When the motor rotates, the screw nut moves linearly along the axial direction, driving the pusher sleeve 3 to slide axially along the outer wall of the semi-circular block 2. The advantage of this variant is that the axial displacement, speed, and thrust of the pusher sleeve 3 can be precisely controlled by the motor parameters, making it easy to set multi-segment variable speed pusher curves in the control program. The assembly process of this variant is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that in step S4, the pusher sleeve 3 is driven downward by the motor-driven screw and nut pair, and its speed and thrust can be precisely set by the motor parameters.

[0041] As another variation of this embodiment, the pusher drive device 6 can also use a voice coil motor to directly drive the pusher sleeve 3. The voice coil motor has the characteristics of fast response speed and high force control accuracy, and can realize real-time closed-loop control of the pushing force through current feedback.

[0042] Example 5 As a variation of Embodiment 1, the guide structure 21 of the splicing end face of the two semicircular arc blocks 2 can achieve seamless splicing using the following alternative forms. The first alternative is a stepped overlapping guide: the splicing end face of one semicircular arc block 2 is machined into an L-shaped stepped surface that is radially concave inwards, and the splicing end face of the other semicircular arc block 2 is machined into a corresponding outwardly convex L-shaped stepped surface. In the expanded state, the outwardly convex step is embedded in the inwardly concave step. The second alternative is an arc-shaped tooth meshing guide: the splicing end faces of the two semicircular arc blocks 2 are respectively machined with mutually meshing arc-shaped tooth structures, the teeth extending axially, and in the expanded state, the teeth on both sides are mutually embedded and meshed. The third alternative is a precision-ground flat surface direct fitting guide: the splicing end faces of the two semicircular arc blocks 2 are machined into planes with high flatness and high surface finish, without setting additional concave-convex mating structures, relying solely on the guiding accuracy of the guide rail and the machining accuracy of the end faces to achieve fitting, and an auxiliary elastic pre-tightening mechanism can be set below the splicing end faces. The assembly process of the above variations is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0043] Example 6 As a variant of Embodiment 1, the quick-change module 4 can be configured as an intelligent module with specification recognition function. A module identification element is provided inside or on the outer casing of the quick-change module 4, which stores module specification information. The module identification element can be an RFID tag, QR code or barcode, multiplex switch, or embedded memory chip. The information from the module identification element is transmitted to the control system via an electrical signal interface. After reading the specification information from the module identification element, the control system automatically calls the corresponding preset motion parameters, realizing one-click automatic parameter switching after the changeover. The assembly process of this variant is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0044] Example 7 As a variation of Embodiment 1, the assembly relationship between the pusher sleeve 3 and the double-lobed opening assembly can adopt the following alternative layouts. The first alternative layout is an embedded pusher sleeve: the mating relationship between the inner wall surface of the pusher sleeve 3 and the outer wall surface of the semi-circular block 2 remains unchanged, but the axial sliding guide of the pusher sleeve 3 is provided by an independent guide post set on the base of the quick-change module 4, and the outer edge of the pusher sleeve 3 is provided with a guide hole that mates with the guide post. The second alternative layout is an external pusher sleeve: the inner diameter of the pusher sleeve 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer wall surface of the semi-circular block 2, and an independent transition sleeve is provided between them. The transition sleeve is a thin-walled circular ring structure, coaxially fitted onto the outer wall surface of the semi-circular block 2 and moving radially synchronously with the semi-circular block 2. The pusher sleeve 3 is fitted around the outer periphery of the transition sleeve and slides axially along its outer wall surface. The inner wall surface of the transition sleeve is in contact with the outer wall surface of the semi-circular block 2, and its outer wall surface serves as the sliding support surface of the pusher sleeve 3, thus decoupling the guiding function of the pusher sleeve 3 from the spreading function of the semi-circular block 2. The assembly process of the above variant is the same as that of Example 1.

[0045] Example 8 As a variant of Embodiment 1, a synchronous detection and compensation device can be added to the synchronous wedge linkage mechanism of the drive mechanism 5 to further ensure the synchronous movement accuracy of the two semicircular blocks 2. This device includes position sensors respectively mounted on the two semicircular blocks 2 and a synchronous compensation actuator connected to the control system. The position sensors detect the radial displacement of the two semicircular blocks 2 in real time and feed the signal back to the control system. When the control system detects that the radial displacement difference between the two semicircular blocks 2 exceeds a preset threshold, it can trigger compensation or protection actions. The position sensor can be any one of an optical grating ruler, magnetic grating ruler, inductive displacement sensor, or laser displacement sensor. The synchronous compensation actuator can be a piezoelectric ceramic micro-displacement actuator or a miniature electromagnetic push rod. The assembly process of this variant is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0046] As a further variation of Embodiment 1, the lower edge of the pusher sleeve 3, in addition to the rounded corner transition structure, can also adopt the following alternative forms. The first alternative is a right-angled sharp-edge structure. When the pusher sleeve 3 descends, this sharp edge directly presses against the inner edge of the top surface of the sealing ring, concentrating force to push the sealing ring away from the cylindrical surface. This is suitable for sealing rings made of harder materials. The second alternative is an inward-facing annular convex edge. The lower surface of this convex edge is a plane. During push-out, the annular plane presses against the top surface of the sealing ring, increasing the contact area. This is suitable for soft materials or sealing rings with strict appearance requirements. The third alternative is a downwardly expanding conical transition structure. The small end of the conical surface connects to the inner wall of the pusher sleeve 3, and the large end faces the sealing ring. During push-out, the conical surface first contacts the inner edge of the top surface of the sealing ring. Then, as the sleeve continues to descend, the conical surface gradually guides the sealing ring radially outward, further reducing the vertical impact of the sealing ring falling away from the cylindrical surface and improving positioning stability.

[0047] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention represent a significant technological advancement compared to existing technologies. It should be understood that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism, characterized in that, include: Two symmetrically arranged semicircular blocks (2) and a drive mechanism (5) that drives the two semicircular blocks (2) to expand or contract synchronously in the radial direction; The pusher sleeve (3) is a complete circular ring structure, coaxially fitted around the two semi-circular blocks (2); The pusher drive device (6) is independent of the drive mechanism (5) and is used to drive the pusher sleeve (3) to slide relative to the semi-circular block (2) along the axial direction; Among them, the two semi-circular blocks (2) are configured such that, in the expanded state, their splicing end faces fit together to form an integral seamless cylindrical outer wall to evenly expand the sealing ring; The pusher sleeve (3) is configured to move axially while the two semicircular blocks (2) remain in an expanded state to push the opened sealing ring away from the outer wall of the seamless cylinder.

2. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a detachable docking interface (1), which is located below the vertical lifting module (7) and has an end face positioning structure and a multi-way air quick connector (11); the semi-circular block (2) and the pusher sleeve (3) are integrated into a quick-change module (4), and the quick-change module (4) is detachably connected to the vertical lifting module (7) through the detachable docking interface (1).

3. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detachable docking interface (1) also includes an electrical signal interface for transmitting the position detection signal of the semi-circular block (2) and the position detection signal of the pusher sleeve (3).

4. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing end faces of the two semi-circular blocks (2) are respectively provided with mutually cooperating guide structures (21). The guide structure (21) is a V-shaped groove and a V-shaped ridge, or a tapered pin hole and a tapered pin, so as to guide the splicing end faces to fit seamlessly in the expanded state.

5. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (5) is a synchronous wedge linkage mechanism, including a wedge block (51) and a power cylinder (52) connected to the wedge block (51). The two inclined surfaces of the wedge block (51) slide in contact with the inner inclined surfaces of the two semi-circular blocks (2), respectively, and convert the axial movement of the power cylinder (52) into the synchronous radial movement of the two semi-circular blocks (2).

6. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fitting clearance between the inner diameter of the pusher sleeve (3) and the outer diameter of the cylindrical outer wall formed by the two semi-circular blocks (2) is 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm, and the fitting clearance is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the sealing ring to be assembled.

7. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the pusher sleeve (3) is provided with a rounded corner transition structure.

8. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher drive device (6) is an independent cylinder (61), and the stroke of the independent cylinder (61) can be adjusted independently of the drive mechanism (5).

9. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a vertical lifting module (7), a horizontal moving module (8), and a vibrating feeding channel (9).

10. The sliding rod-type sealing ring guided automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the two semicircular blocks (2) are spliced ​​together in the expanded state, only two seams are formed. The two seams are the minimum number of seams required to enclose the complete cylindrical surface.

Images