Carriage cleaning device

Abstract

The application discloses a carriage cleaning device, which comprises a cleaning body provided with a suction bin, symmetrical suction fans are arranged on the top of the suction bin, filter elements are arranged on the suction cavities of the suction bin, the suction cavities are communicated with the corresponding suction fans through the filter elements, the suction cavities comprise left and right symmetrical primary suction cavities and secondary suction cavities, the secondary suction cavities are respectively arranged on the two sides of the primary suction cavities, and the adjacent primary suction cavities and secondary suction cavities are separated by secondary partition plates, the filter elements and the suction fans on the two sides are respectively opposite to the secondary suction cavities on the two sides, a suction port is arranged on the lower side wall of the suction bin, a filter screen is arranged on the lower part of the secondary partition plate, and the outer circumferential side of the filter screen is located in the secondary suction cavity, an automatic shaking element is arranged on the side wall of the primary suction cavity above the suction port, the automatic shaking element is arranged in any one of the top wall, the left side wall, the right side wall and the rear side wall of the primary suction cavity or is arranged in multiple inner walls at the same time, and the automatic shaking element is used for automatically shaking off the wet sticky coal adhered to the inner wall, so that the cleaning is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carriage cleaning technology, and more particularly to carriage cleaning devices. Background Technology

[0002] During coal transportation by train, the coal undergoes washing and beneficiation processes after mining, resulting in incomplete dehydration. External moisture remains on the surface and in the pores of coal particles, especially in lignite, coal slime, and pulverized coal, where the total moisture content can reach over 30%. Furthermore, the water film at the contact points of coal particles forms annular liquid bridges, generating capillary negative pressure that pulls adjacent coal particles together. The higher the humidity, the stronger the liquid bridges become. Particularly in the transportation of coal in northern regions, to prevent the formation of frozen coal, large amounts of antifreeze are typically sprayed into the train carriages. Over the long transportation process, this antifreeze can also cause the coal powder to turn into wet, sticky coal.

[0003] In addition to regular coal, train carriages often carry impurities such as plastic bags, which can easily get caught on the burrs on the outer periphery of the filter screen in the suction chamber, affecting the normal operation of the filter screen and thus affecting the negative pressure suction efficiency of the suction chamber.

[0004] In addition, clays such as kaolinite and montmorillonite that are associated with coal absorb water, swell, and disperse into colloids, just like cement. They have high viscosity. Coal powder + clay + water (antifreeze) = natural slurry, which is very easy to stick to the surface of steel plates.

[0005] In the design of the truck bed cleaning device, to be able to pick up coal of various shapes, the fan parameters are usually selected based on the adsorption requirements of the largest possible coal chunks in the truck bed, with a certain technical margin. This results in lighter, wet, sticky coal dust being sucked up by the fan along with coal chunks and passing through the air duct with greater impact. The wet, sticky coal in the air duct moves at high speed, and when it enters the hopper under the action of the air force, it is like water rushing out of a pipe, with considerable impact force, directly hitting the steel plate directly opposite the suction port in the hopper. Most of the wet, sticky coal adheres to the steel plate. Under the action of gravity, the remaining wet, sticky coal that is not adhered to the steel plate near the suction port falls. During the fall, it hits the inner wall of the hopper and also adheres to the steel plate inside the hopper. As the equipment operates, the wet, sticky coal adhering to the steel plate on the inner wall of the hopper accumulates more and more, even completely blocking the air duct, seriously affecting the operation of the cleaning machine.

[0006] Therefore, during the operation of the car cleaning machine, under normal circumstances, after the car cleaning machine has cleaned a certain number of car compartments, or after cleaning for a period of time, it is necessary to manually clean the side walls of the car cleaning machine's hopper, especially the steel plate facing the suction port, in order to restore the internal air duct of the car cleaning machine. This is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and affects work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a carriage cleaning device that can automatically shake off wet and sticky coal adhering to the inner wall of the primary suction chamber through an automatic material shaking element, thereby achieving automatic cleaning of the inner wall of the hopper. At the same time, by changing the arrangement of the filter screen, it makes it difficult for impurities such as plastic bags to stick and clog the suction chamber, which can effectively save cleaning time, improve cleaning efficiency, and save time and effort.

[0008] This application provides a vehicle compartment cleaning device, including a cleaning body. The cleaning body is provided with a suction chamber. Front sweeping roller brush and tail sweeping roller brush are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the cleaning body. Side sweeping roller brushes are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the cleaning body. Suction fans are symmetrically installed on the top of the suction chamber. The suction chamber has a suction cavity. Filter elements are installed on the top of the left and right sides of the suction cavity. The suction cavity is connected to the corresponding suction fan through the filter elements. The suction cavity includes a primary suction cavity and a secondary suction cavity symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides with a vertical partition as the plane of symmetry. The two secondary suction cavities are respectively located on both sides of the two primary suction cavities, and adjacent primary suction cavities and secondary suction cavities are separated by secondary partitions. The filter elements and the suction fan on both sides are respectively facing the secondary suction chambers on both sides. The lower side wall of the suction chamber is provided with suction ports at the position facing the primary suction chamber. The lower part of the secondary partition is provided with a filter screen, and the outer periphery of the filter screen is located on the side of the secondary partition near the secondary suction chamber. The sidewall of the primary suction chamber is provided with an automatic shaking element above the suction port. The automatic shaking element is located on any one of the inner walls of the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, or multiple inner walls simultaneously, and is used to automatically shake off the wet and sticky coal adhering to the inner wall.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a shock-absorbing mechanism is connected between the left and right sides of the cleaning body and the side sweeping roller brush. The shock-absorbing mechanism includes a shock-absorbing seat, a mounting shaft and a U-shaped mounting bracket. The shock-absorbing seat is provided with a seat plate and an upper plate, a lower plate, a left side plate and a right side plate that are vertically connected to the same side of the seat plate. The mounting shaft faces the base plate and is vertically fixed to the left side plate and the right side plate respectively. The mounting shaft is fitted with an intermediate slider, a first elastic element and a second elastic element between the left side plate and the right side plate. The first elastic element and the second elastic element are elastically connected to both sides of the intermediate slider respectively. The mounting shaft is provided with blocking elements at the opposite outer ends of the first elastic element and the second elastic element respectively. The top and bottom of the intermediate slider are symmetrically provided with limiting posts. The U-shaped mounting bracket has a fixed adapter shaft connected to the U-shaped opening side. The side sweeping roller brush is installed on the outside of the U-shaped mounting bracket. The adapter shaft extends vertically and is rotatably vertically connected to the upper plate and the lower plate. The adapter shaft is symmetrically vertically connected to two guide plates. Each of the two guide plates has a limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting posts on the upper and lower sides. The limiting groove extends horizontally.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the seat plate has symmetrically distributed arc-shaped grooves at its center, the openings of the arc-shaped trajectories of the two arc-shaped grooves are opposite each other, the center positions are respectively directly opposite the middle positions of the upper plate and the lower plate in the horizontal direction, and the middle positions of the left side plate and the right side plate in the vertical direction, and the arc-shaped grooves are provided with connecting members for installing the shock-absorbing seat to the cleaning body.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the automatic shaking element includes a shaking bag and a vent pipe connected to compressed air. An inflatable shaking space is formed between the shaking bag and the side wall of the primary suction chamber. The inflatable shaking space has leakage points connected to the primary suction chamber at intervals on its outer periphery. The vent pipe is located inside the cavity wall of the primary suction chamber.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the shaking bag is simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, and the inflatable shaking space located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall is connected to external compressed air through independent ventilation pipes. In one possible implementation, the shaking bag is simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, and the inflatable shaking spaces located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall are interconnected, and are respectively connected to external compressed air through the ventilation pipes set in one or more places.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the bottom of the suction bin is provided with a base plate, and hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the suction bin. Each hydraulic cylinder has a telescopic end, and the telescopic ends on both sides are respectively connected to the end of the base plate away from the suction port. The end of the base plate near the suction port is hinged to the suction bin by a hinge.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the inner surface of the base plate is provided with an annular sealing strip along the outer periphery, and the suction bin is provided with a sealing groove that cooperates with the annular sealing strip.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the base plate has a mounting groove at one end away from the suction port, the mounting groove is clearance-fitted with the telescopic end, and a rotatable pivot block is provided in the mounting groove. The telescopic end passes vertically through the pivot block and has a limiting block at its outer end. A buffer spring is sleeved on the telescopic end, and the buffer spring is elastically connected between the pivot block and the limiting block.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the automatic shaking element is an air disc.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the carriage cleaning device provided in this application provides a negative pressure environment to the suction chambers on both sides through suction fans on both sides. The wet and sticky coal in the carriage diffuses to the periphery in the primary suction chamber through the suction port. Under the action of gravity and the negative pressure adsorption of the secondary suction chamber, some of the wet and sticky coal falls to the bottom plate, and some of the wet and sticky coal enters the secondary suction chamber through the filter screen. This spatial arrangement of the suction port, primary suction chamber, filter screen and secondary suction chamber can disperse the wet and sticky coal to a certain extent, reduce its viscosity, and thus reduce the adsorption force of the wet and sticky coal on the inner wall of the suction chamber and the filter element. It is not easy to clog the filter element; during the feeding process, the automatic shaking element automatically shakes off the wet and sticky coal adhering to the inner wall of the primary feeding chamber, which can realize the automatic cleaning of the inner wall, prevent wet and sticky coal from blocking the air duct, extend the continuous feeding time of the cleaning machine, save the cleaning time of the inner wall of the feeding chamber, improve the cleaning efficiency, and save time and effort; at the same time, since the outer periphery of the filter screen is designed on the side of the secondary baffle close to the secondary feeding chamber, the coal and impurities in the primary feeding chamber are intercepted by the filter screen. In particular, impurities such as plastic bags will not be hooked on the burrs on the outer periphery of the filter screen and affect the normal operation of the filter screen, thus ensuring feeding efficiency; By symmetrically arranging the first and second elastic elements on both sides of the middle slider, when the sweeping brush is subjected to impact load, the first and second elastic elements on both sides can work together to indirectly constrain the sway displacement of the sweeping brush through the middle slider and the U-shaped mounting bracket, thereby achieving a more stable and uniform buffering and shock absorption effect, which can improve the service life of the sweeping brush and the sweeping quality. By creating symmetrically distributed arc-shaped grooves at the center of the seat plate, the installation angle of the seat plate can be adjusted appropriately in the vertical plane. This allows for flexible adjustment of the ground contact pressure and cleaning cut angle of the sweeping brush, resulting in better cleaning performance and improved adaptability of the sweeping brush to different carriage bottom surfaces and residual material conditions.

[0018] These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become fully apparent from the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the carriage cleaning device of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of the carriage cleaning device of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the shock absorption mechanism in this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the shock absorption mechanism in this application is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 A partial front view schematic diagram of the shock absorption mechanism in this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the material shaking bag in this application is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure at the bottom of the cleaning body in this application is shown.

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure in this application showing the fit between the hydraulic cylinder and the mounting groove is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this specification, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will also be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless expressly so defined herein.

[0030] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 8 This application provides a vehicle compartment cleaning device, including a cleaning body 10. The cleaning body 10 is equipped with a suction chamber. A front sweeping roller brush 11 and a rear sweeping roller brush 12 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the cleaning body 10, and side sweeping roller brushes 13 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the cleaning body 10. Suction fans 14 are symmetrically installed on the top of the suction chamber. The suction chamber has a suction cavity 101. Filter elements are installed on the top of the left and right sides of the suction cavity 101 via mounting plates 15, and the suction cavity 101 is connected to the corresponding suction fans 14 through the filter elements. The bottom of the suction cavity 101 is provided with a bottom plate 20 that can be automatically sealed or opened.

[0032] The filter element is preferably a backflush filter element, comprising a filter element body (not shown in the figure), a support frame (not shown in the figure), and a backflush pipe 151. The mounting plate 15 has mounting holes 102 for mounting the support frame, which supports the filter element body. The backflush pipe 151 is located within the support frame and has a blower nozzle. During normal material suction, the airflow in the suction chamber 101 enters the filter element body, passes through the filter element body, enters the suction fan 14, and finally flows out to the external environment. During backflush cleaning, high-pressure gas is blown out from inside the filter element body through the blower nozzle of the backflush pipe 151, blowing off the coal adhering to the surface of the filter element body.

[0033] The suction chamber 101 includes a primary suction chamber 1011 and a secondary suction chamber 1012 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides with the vertical partition as the plane of symmetry. The two secondary suction chambers 1012 are respectively located on both sides of the two primary suction chambers 1011, and the adjacent primary suction chambers 1011 and secondary suction chambers 1012 are separated by a secondary partition 16. The filter elements and the suction fan 14 on both sides are respectively directly opposite the secondary suction chambers 1011 on both sides. The lower side wall of the suction chamber has suction ports 103 respectively, which are located opposite the primary suction chamber 1011 and are close to the tail sweeper brush 12. The lower part of the secondary partition 16 is provided with a filter screen 161, and the outer periphery of the filter screen 161 is located on the side of the secondary partition 16 near the secondary suction chamber 1012. The filter screen 161 is directly located inside the secondary suction chamber 1012. This way, when coal and impurities such as plastic bags are sucked into the primary suction chamber 1011 by the suction port 103, the filter screen 161 intercepts them, especially preventing impurities like plastic bags from entering the secondary suction chamber 1012. Instead, these impurities are caught on the burrs on the outer edge of the filter screen 161, solving the problem of the filter screen 161 getting clogged by plastic bags. This ensures that the filter screen 161 always operates normally, thus ensuring the suction efficiency of the suction chamber 101. When the bottom plate 20 is opened for unloading, impurities such as plastic bags automatically fall out of the primary suction chamber 1011 along with the coal. Compared to existing filters 161 that easily catch plastic bags, this layout, with the burrs on the outer edge concealed in the secondary suction chamber 1012, saves time from frequently disassembling the filter screen 161 to clean the plastic bags, thereby improving work efficiency. In simple terms, during the material suction process, the suction fan 14 provides independent negative pressure environments on both sides. The coal first enters the primary suction chambers 1011 on both sides through the two suction ports 103 at the bottom of the suction bin, and then diffuses to the surrounding area. Under the action of gravity and the negative pressure of the secondary suction chamber 1012 on the outside, some wet and sticky coal falls to the bottom plate 20, and some wet and sticky coal enters the secondary suction chamber 1012 through the filter screen 161 at the bottom. After passing through the suction port 103, the primary suction chamber 1011, and the filter screen 161, the coal is further discharged into the secondary suction chamber 1012. The spatial arrangement of the primary suction chamber 61 and the secondary suction chamber 1012 can, to a certain extent, disperse the wet and sticky coal, reduce its viscosity, and thus reduce the adsorption force of the wet and sticky coal on the inner wall of the suction chamber 101 and the filter element, making it less likely to clog the filter element. When the suction chamber 101 needs to be cleaned, the bottom plate 20 that seals the suction chamber 101 is opened. After the coal in the suction chamber 101 falls down automatically, the worker can easily clean the inner surface of the bottom plate 20, saving time and effort, and improving work efficiency.

[0034] The sidewall of the primary suction chamber 1011 is provided with an automatic shaking element above the suction port 103. The automatic shaking element is located on any one of the inner walls of the top wall, left side wall, right side wall, and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber 1011, or multiple inner walls simultaneously arranged therein. It is used to automatically shake off the wet and sticky coal adhering to the inner wall. The rear side wall refers to the sidewall away from the suction port 103. In this way, the wet and sticky coal sucked from the suction port 103 and adhering to the inner wall of the primary suction chamber 1011 can be automatically shaken off by the automatic shaking element. This can realize the automatic cleaning of the inner wall, prevent wet and sticky coal from blocking the air duct, extend the continuous suction time of the cleaning machine, save the cleaning time of the inner wall of the suction chamber 101, improve cleaning efficiency, and save time and effort.

[0035] The automatic material shaking element can be installed on any one of the inner walls of the primary suction chamber 1011, including the top wall, left side wall, right side wall, and rear side wall, to achieve automatic material shaking at a single inner wall position. Alternatively, it can be installed on multiple inner walls simultaneously, such as on the top wall and the left and right side walls, or on the left and right side walls and the rear side wall, etc., which will not be listed here.

[0036] In some embodiments, a shock-absorbing mechanism is connected between the left and right sides of the cleaning body 10 and the side sweeping roller brush 13. The shock-absorbing mechanism includes a shock-absorbing seat 31, a mounting shaft 32, and a U-shaped mounting bracket 33. The shock-absorbing seat 31 is provided with a seat plate 311 and an upper plate 312, a lower plate 313, a left side plate 314, and a right side plate 315 vertically connected to the same side of the seat plate 311. The upper plate 312 and the lower plate 313 are symmetrically distributed in the height direction, with the upper plate 312 located on the upper side and the lower plate 313 located on the lower side. The left side plate 314 and the right side plate 315 are symmetrically distributed in the horizontal direction.

[0037] The mounting shaft 32 is directly opposite the base plate 311 and is vertically fixedly connected to the left side plate 314 and the right side plate 315, respectively. Preferably, the mounting shaft 32 is directly opposite the vertical center of the base plate 311 and is vertically connected to the vertical center of the left side plate 314 and the right side plate 315. A middle slider 323, a first elastic element 321, and a second elastic element 322 are sleeved between the left side plate 314 and the right side plate 315 on the mounting shaft 32. The first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322 are elastically connected to both sides of the middle slider 323. Correspondingly, the mounting shaft 32 has blocking elements 34 at the opposite outer ends of the first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322, thereby simultaneously compressing the first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322 on both sides based on the action of the middle slider 323 and the blocking elements 34 on both sides. Limiting posts 324 are symmetrically provided at the top and bottom of the middle slider 323.

[0038] The U-shaped mounting bracket 33 has a fixedly connected adapter shaft 331 on the U-shaped opening side. The side sweeping roller brush 13 is mounted on the side of the U-shaped mounting bracket 33 away from the U-shaped opening side. The adapter shaft 331 extends vertically and is rotatably (e.g., via a bearing) vertically connected to the upper plate 312 and the lower plate 313. At the same time, the adapter shaft 331 is symmetrically and vertically connected to two guide plates 332. The two guide plates 332 are respectively provided with limiting grooves 301 that cooperate with the limiting posts 324 on the upper and lower sides, and the limiting grooves 301 extend horizontally.

[0039] Taking the side sweeping roller brush 13 contacting the side wall inside the car to remove residual frozen coal as an example: When the side sweeping roller brush 13 encounters a frozen coal block, the block exerts a backward horizontal impact force on the brush. This force is transmitted to the adapter shaft 331 via the U-shaped mounting bracket 33. The adapter shaft 331 then rotates around its vertical axis, causing the two guide plates 332 to rotate synchronously. As the guide plates 332 rotate, the horizontally extending limiting groove 301 pushes the limiting post 324, which in turn causes the intermediate slider 323 to slide to one side along the mounting shaft 32. The intermediate slider 323 compresses the elastic element on that side (assuming it is the first elastic element 321), converting the impact energy into stored elastic potential energy. This simultaneously allows the side sweeping roller brush 13 to swing backward to avoid direct rigid collision between the brush body and the hard object. After the side sweeping roller brush 13 passes over the frozen coal block, the impact force disappears, the first elastic element 321 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the intermediate slider 323 to slide in the opposite direction. Through the transmission relationship of the limit post-guide plate-transfer shaft, the U-shaped mounting bracket 33 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, and the side sweeping roller brush 13 re-attaches and cleans the inner wall of the carriage. If the impact force comes from the opposite direction (such as when the side sweeping roller brush 13 moves backward or encounters an oncoming hard object), the second elastic element 322 undertakes the task of compression and buffering, and the working principle is the same.

[0040] Therefore, when the side sweeping roller brush 13 encounters a hard object, it can adaptively swing around the vertical axis to make way, avoiding hard collisions and impacts. The impact energy is absorbed and buffered by the compression of the elastic element, reducing the direct damage of the impact load to the side sweeping roller brush 13. Moreover, it automatically resets after the impact, without affecting subsequent cleaning operations.

[0041] Regardless of whether the impact force comes from the forward or backward direction of the side sweeping roller brush 13, it can be effectively buffered by the corresponding elastic element. The symmetrical arrangement of the elastic elements on both sides makes the force on the middle slider 323 more uniform and the sliding smoother when sliding axially, avoiding the wobble or jamming caused by a single-sided spring. The first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322 can provide bidirectional buffering, making the force on the middle slider more uniform and the sliding smoother. Both the first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322 are springs.

[0042] The U-shaped mounting bracket 33 is horizontally rotatably connected between the upper plate 312 and the lower plate 313 of the shock absorber 31 via the adapter shaft 331, while the seat plate 311 of the shock absorber 31 is fixed to the cleaning body 10. When there are height undulations on the side wall of the carriage, the U-shaped mounting bracket 33, together with the side sweeping roller brush 13, can swing slightly in the vertical plane around the horizontal axis of the adapter shaft (i.e., the connection point between the adapter shaft and the upper / lower plate), so that the cleaning brush can adaptively follow the slope or unevenness of the side wall of the carriage, ensuring that the brush body always keeps in contact with the side wall of the carriage, and ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0043] In some embodiments, the seat plate 311 has symmetrically distributed arc-shaped grooves 302 at its center, and the openings of the arc-shaped trajectories of the two arc-shaped grooves 302 are opposite each other. The center positions are respectively opposite to the middle positions of the upper plate 312 and the lower plate 313 in the horizontal direction, and the middle positions of the left side plate 314 and the right side plate 315 in the vertical direction. At the same time, the arc-shaped grooves 302 are provided with connecting parts, such as mounting bolts, for installing the shock-absorbing seat 31 to the cleaning body 10, so that the installation angle of the seat plate 311 in the vertical plane can be flexibly adjusted. After adjustment, the shock-absorbing seat 31 is fastened to the cleaning body 10 by mounting bolts. The contact pressure and cleaning cutting angle of the side sweeping roller brush 13 can be flexibly adjusted, resulting in better cleaning effect and improved adaptability of the side sweeping roller brush 13 to different carriage bottom surfaces (rather than carriage side walls) and residual material conditions.

[0044] In some embodiments, the blocking member 34 includes a baffle 341, a fastening bolt 342, and a backstop washer 343 sleeved on the mounting shaft 32. The baffle 341 is close to the intermediate slider 323, the backstop washer 343 is away from the intermediate slider 323, and the fastening bolt 342 is located between the baffle 341 and the backstop washer 343. In this way, the preload and effective working stiffness of the first elastic element 321 and the second elastic element 322 can be adjusted independently or synchronously by changing the installation position of the blocking member 34. This can compensate for the elastic force attenuation caused by spring fatigue, extend the service life, and enable the side sweeping roller brush 13 to adapt to various material conditions on the same sweeping equipment without replacing the elastic element or redesigning the shock absorption system, thereby significantly improving the versatility of the sweeping equipment.

[0045] In some embodiments, the automatic shaking element includes a shaking bag 17 and a vent pipe connected to compressed air. The shaking bag 17 forms an inflatable shaking space with the side wall of the primary suction chamber 1011, and the inflatable shaking space has leakage points at intervals on its outer periphery that communicate with the primary suction chamber 1011. The vent pipe is located inside the cavity wall of the primary suction chamber 1011. Preferably, the shaking bag 17 is a silicone pad.

[0046] Specifically, the shaking bag 17 is made of wear-resistant and highly elastic silicone pad. The shaking bag 17 adheres to the inner wall steel plate of the primary suction chamber 1011, forming an independent inflatable shaking space between itself and the inner wall of the primary suction chamber 1011. A vent pipe connected to compressed air is installed inside the steel plate of the primary suction chamber 1011. The outlet of the vent pipe extends into the inflatable shaking space, allowing rapid airflow into the space between the shaking bag 17 and the wall of the primary suction chamber 1011. Simultaneously, the airflow rate is much greater than the leakage rate at the leak point. The gas at the leak point is discharged into the primary suction chamber 1011. Naturally, with the impact of the compressed air, the highly elastic silicone pad inflates rapidly, shaking off the wet coal adhering to the silicone pad. Airflow stops when the set level is reached. Over time, due to continuous leakage at the leak point, the inflatable shaking space shrinks. After a certain period of time, the air is ventilated again, and the above process is repeated to achieve automatic material shaking and cleaning of the inner wall of the primary suction chamber 1011.

[0047] Generally, air leakage points are spaced out, such as 2 to 3 evenly distributed on each side, which can prevent excessively fast air leakage or excessive local air leakage from affecting the material shaking effect.

[0048] In one embodiment, the shaking bag 17 is simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber 1011, and the air-filled shaking space located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall is connected to external compressed air through independent air pipes. Thus, the shaking bag 17 at the corresponding inner wall position can be automatically shaken by independent air pipes to clean the adhering wet coal, which is highly targeted and more flexible in operation.

[0049] In another embodiment, the shaking bags 17 are simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, and the air-filled shaking spaces located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall are interconnected. They are connected to external compressed air through one or more ventilation pipes. Thus, all the shaking bags 17 can be controlled to shake simultaneously through the ventilation pipes, and the adhering wet coal can be automatically cleaned together, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0050] In some embodiments, the automatic material-shaking element is an air disc. An air disc is a pneumatic arch-breaking device installed on the silo wall. During operation, it simultaneously generates both blowing and vibration actions. Compressed air is ejected along the silo wall in all directions, while the edge of the air disc vibrates at high frequency due to changes in air pressure, automatically shaking off adhering wet coal. Air discs are generally designed for intermittent operation to avoid waste caused by continuous airflow.

[0051] In some embodiments, hydraulic cylinders 18 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the cleaning body 10. Each hydraulic cylinder 18 has a telescopic end, and the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 18 are respectively connected to the ends of the base plate 20 away from the suction port 103. The end of the base plate 20 near the suction port 103 is hinged to the cleaning body 10 via a hinge. Thus, the synchronous telescopic movement of the two hydraulic cylinders 18 controls the base plate 20 to deflect along the hinge, automatically sealing or opening the suction chamber 101. The hydraulic cylinders 18 are hinged to the cleaning body 10, and the telescopic ends are also hinged to the base plate 20. One side of the hinge is fixedly connected to one end of the base plate 20, and the other side of the hinge is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cleaning body 10, so that the base plate 20 can rotate relative to the cleaning body 10 around the pivot of the hinge. After unloading, most of the coal in the suction chamber 101 falls automatically. Since the bottom plate 20 is in an inclined and open state, the wet coal adhering to the inner surface of the bottom plate 20 can be easily cleaned off by the workers, saving time and effort.

[0052] In one embodiment, the inner surface of the base plate 20 is provided with an annular sealing strip 21 along the outer periphery. Correspondingly, the cleaning body 10 is provided with a sealing groove 104 that cooperates with the annular sealing strip 21. Thus, the cooperation between the annular sealing strip 21 and the sealing groove 104 can improve the sealing reliability of the base plate 20 to the suction chamber 101, thereby ensuring that the suction chamber 101 maintains a good negative pressure suction environment. In addition, since the annular sealing strip 21 itself has a certain elasticity, the cooperation between the annular sealing strip 21 and the sealing groove 104 will not be easily affected when the base plate 20 deflects to block the suction chamber 101.

[0053] The base plate 20 has a mounting groove 201 at one end away from the suction port 103. The mounting groove 201 is clearance-fitted with the telescopic end, and a rotatable pivot block 22 is located within the mounting groove 201. The telescopic end vertically penetrates the pivot block 22 and has a limiting block 23 at its outer end. A buffer spring 24 is fitted onto the telescopic end, elastically connecting the pivot block 22 and the limiting block 23. This buffer spring 24 provides cushioning when the base plate 20 blocks the suction chamber 101, preventing direct hard contact between the base plate 20 and the cleaning body 10, thus avoiding damage to the base plate 20 and / or the cleaning body 10. Specifically, when the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 18 extends, the limiting block 23 pushes the pivot block 22 via the buffer spring 24. The pivot block 22 then causes the base plate 20 to deflect around the hinge point via the mounting groove 201, thus blocking or opening the suction chamber 101.

[0054] When the hydraulic cylinder 18 drives the base plate 20 to rotate around the hinge axis from the open position to the closed position, the base plate 20 gradually approaches the suction chamber 101. As the base plate 20 is about to close completely, the gap between the base plate 20 and the cleaning body 10 gradually decreases. If the base plate 20 impacts the cleaning body 10 at a relatively high speed due to gravity or inertia during the closing process, the reaction force on the base plate 20 will be transmitted to the rotating shaft block 22 through the mounting groove 201, causing the rotating shaft block 22 to move away from the cleaning body 10 along the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 18, compressing the buffer spring 24. The buffer spring 24 absorbs part of the impact energy through its own elastic deformation, slowing down the closing speed of the base plate 20, allowing the base plate 20 to fit against the bottom opening of the suction chamber 101 of the cleaning body 10 at a relatively stable speed, avoiding impact damage caused by direct hard contact between the base plate 20 and the cleaning body 10, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the base plate 20 and / or the cleaning body 10, and reducing the noise generated during the closing process.

[0055] When the base plate 20 rotates from the closed position to the open position, the buffer spring 24 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the rotating shaft block 22 to reset, preparing for the next closing process.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the limiting block 23 is a nut threadedly connected to the end of the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the buffer spring 24 is a helical compression spring. By adjusting the position of the nut on the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 18, the pre-compression of the buffer spring 24 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the buffering force to adapt to base plates of different weights or different closing speed requirements.

[0057] Furthermore, a wear-resistant bushing or rolling bearing is provided between the groove wall of the mounting groove 201 and the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft block 22 to reduce the rotational friction of the rotating shaft block 22 in the mounting groove 201 and improve its service life.

[0058] In some embodiments, the mounting groove 201 is an integral structure that extends from one side of the base plate 20 in the horizontal direction to the opposite side, or extends directly from the left side of the sweeping body 10 to the right side of the sweeping body 10 in an integral manner. The structure is simple, easy to manufacture and form, and the linkage between the two hydraulic cylinders 18 is better.

[0059] In other embodiments, the mounting groove 201 is a split structure, independently and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate 20 in the left and right directions, and respectively cooperates with the telescopic ends on both sides, which can save materials and reduce material costs to a certain extent.

[0060] In some embodiments, the left and right sides of the cleaning body 10 are provided with cylinder seats 19 for mounting the cylinder 18, and there are at least two cylinder seats 19, which are distributed sequentially at intervals in the horizontal direction, that is, the left side wall and the right side wall of the cleaning body 10 are each provided with at least two cylinder seats 19.

[0061] Specifically, the left side wall of the cleaning body 10 is provided with multiple cylinder seats 19, and the corresponding position on the right side wall of the cleaning body 10 is also provided with the same number of cylinder seats 19. For example, the left side wall is provided with a first left cylinder seat and a second left cylinder seat at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the right side wall is provided with a first right cylinder seat and a second right cylinder seat. The cylinder seats are distributed at intervals along the horizontal direction.

[0062] The hydraulic cylinder 18 is detachably mounted on the hydraulic cylinder seat 19. When the hydraulic cylinder 18 is mounted on different hydraulic cylinder seats 19, the mounting position of the hydraulic cylinder 18 changes, and the direction and point of application of the thrust applied to the base plate 20 also change, thus resulting in different maximum tilt angles of the base plate 20. Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinder 18 is mounted on a hydraulic cylinder seat 19 near the suction port 103, the thrust applied to the base plate 20 by the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is relatively straight, the opening angle of the base plate 20 is small, and the swing amplitude of the base plate 20 during the closing process is small, which is suitable for cleaning small amounts of residual material or routine maintenance. When the hydraulic cylinder 18 is mounted on a hydraulic cylinder seat 19 away from the suction port 103, the angle between the thrust direction of the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the base plate 20 increases, the maximum opening angle of the base plate 20 increases, and the swing amplitude of the base plate 20 during the closing process increases, thereby facilitating the operator to clean residual material adhering to the inner surface of the base plate 20.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the number and distribution of the cylinder seats 19 can be flexibly set according to actual needs. For example, three or more cylinder seats 19 can be provided on one side of the cleaning body 10, thereby providing more angle adjustment options. The spacing between the cylinder seats 19 can be set according to the required opening angle adjustment accuracy; the smaller the spacing, the higher the angle adjustment accuracy and the more angle settings are available.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the cylinder seat 19 and the cylinder 18 are detachably connected by a pin or bolt to facilitate the rapid switching of the cylinder 18 between different cylinder seats 19.

[0065] In another embodiment, multiple cylinder seats 19 on the same side are located at the same height to ensure the consistency of the tilt angle of the cylinder 18 when it is installed in different positions.

[0066] In another embodiment, multiple cylinder seats 19 on the same side are staggered in the horizontal and / or vertical directions (e.g., arranged diagonally) to provide a wider range of cylinder mounting angle options, thereby enabling more flexible adjustment of the base plate opening angle.

[0067] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments; any variations or modifications can be made to the implementation of the present invention without departing from these principles.

Claims

1. A carriage cleaning device, comprising a cleaning body, the cleaning body having a suction chamber, a front sweeping roller brush and a rear sweeping roller brush respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the cleaning body, and side sweeping roller brushes symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the cleaning body, characterized in that, The suction chamber has suction fans symmetrically installed on the top left and right sides. The suction chamber has a suction cavity. Filter elements are installed on the top left and right sides of the suction cavity. The suction cavity is connected to the corresponding suction fan through the filter elements. The suction cavity includes a primary suction cavity and a secondary suction cavity symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides with a vertical partition as the plane of symmetry. The two secondary suction cavities are located on both sides of the two primary suction cavities, and adjacent primary suction cavities and secondary suction cavities are separated by secondary partitions. The filter elements and the suction fan on both sides are respectively facing the secondary suction chambers on both sides. The lower side wall of the suction chamber is provided with suction ports at the position facing the primary suction chamber. The lower part of the secondary partition is provided with a filter screen, and the outer periphery of the filter screen is located on the side of the secondary partition near the secondary suction chamber. The sidewall of the primary suction chamber is provided with an automatic shaking element above the suction port. The automatic shaking element is located on any one of the inner walls of the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, or multiple inner walls simultaneously, and is used to automatically shake off the wet and sticky coal adhering to the inner wall.

2. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The left and right sides of the cleaning body are connected to the side sweeping roller brush with a shock-absorbing mechanism. The shock-absorbing mechanism includes a shock-absorbing seat, a mounting shaft and a U-shaped mounting bracket. The shock-absorbing seat is provided with a seat plate and an upper plate, a lower plate, a left plate and a right plate that are vertically connected to the same side of the seat plate. The mounting shaft faces the base plate and is vertically fixed to the left side plate and the right side plate respectively. The mounting shaft is fitted with an intermediate slider, a first elastic element and a second elastic element between the left side plate and the right side plate. The first elastic element and the second elastic element are elastically connected to both sides of the intermediate slider respectively. The mounting shaft is provided with blocking elements at the opposite outer ends of the first elastic element and the second elastic element respectively. The top and bottom of the intermediate slider are symmetrically provided with limiting posts. The U-shaped mounting bracket has a fixed adapter shaft connected to the U-shaped opening side. The side sweeping roller brush is installed on the outside of the U-shaped mounting bracket. The adapter shaft extends vertically and is rotatably vertically connected to the upper plate and the lower plate. The adapter shaft is symmetrically vertically connected to two guide plates. Each of the two guide plates has a limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting posts on the upper and lower sides. The limiting groove extends horizontally.

3. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The seat plate has symmetrically distributed arc-shaped grooves at its center. The openings of the arc-shaped grooves are opposite each other. The center positions are respectively opposite to the middle positions of the upper plate and the lower plate in the horizontal direction, and the middle positions of the left side plate and the right side plate in the vertical direction. The arc-shaped grooves are provided with connecting parts for installing the shock-absorbing seat to the cleaning body.

4. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic shaking element includes a shaking bag and a vent pipe connected to compressed air. An inflatable shaking space is formed between the shaking bag and the side wall of the primary suction chamber. The inflatable shaking space has leakage points connected to the primary suction chamber at intervals on its outer periphery. The vent pipe is located inside the cavity wall of the primary suction chamber.

5. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The shaking bag is simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, and the inflatable shaking space located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall is connected to external compressed air through independent ventilation pipes.

6. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The shaking bags are simultaneously arranged on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall of the primary suction chamber, and the inflatable shaking spaces located on the top wall, left side wall, right side wall and rear side wall are interconnected, and are connected to external compressed air through the ventilation pipes set in one or more places.

7. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the suction chamber is provided with a base plate, and hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the suction chamber. Each hydraulic cylinder has a telescopic end, and the telescopic ends on both sides are respectively connected to the end of the base plate away from the suction port. The end of the base plate near the suction port is connected to the suction chamber by a hinge.

8. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inner surface of the base plate is provided with an annular sealing strip along the outer periphery, and the suction bin is provided with a sealing groove that cooperates with the annular sealing strip.

9. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The base plate has an installation groove at one end away from the suction port. The installation groove is clearance-fitted with the telescopic end, and a rotatable pivot block is provided in the installation groove. The telescopic end passes vertically through the pivot block and has a limiting block at its outer end. A buffer spring is sleeved on the telescopic end, and the buffer spring is elastically connected between the pivot block and the limiting block.

10. The carriage cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic material shaking element is an air disc.

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