A process and system for producing high quality activated carbon

Abstract

The application provides a process and system for producing high-quality activated carbon. The process for producing high-quality activated carbon comprises: a) loading biomass raw materials into a gasification furnace, and producing biomass charcoal and biomass combustible gas through a high-temperature cracking reaction; b) sequentially performing screening treatment and winnowing treatment on the biomass charcoal to obtain pretreated biomass charcoal; c) feeding the pretreated biomass charcoal into an integrated furnace, using the biomass combustible gas as fuel to supply a steam boiler, and passing steam generated by the steam boiler into the integrated furnace to perform first activation treatment on the biomass charcoal in the integrated furnace, so as to obtain activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 950 mg / g to 1050 mg / g; and d) cooling the activated carbon after the first activation treatment, feeding the activated carbon into the integrated furnace again, controlling the temperature of an activation section of the integrated furnace and the steam pressure to perform second activation treatment, and obtaining high-quality activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 1400 mg / g to 1500 mg / g.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of physical activated carbon production technology, and in particular to a process and system for producing high-quality activated carbon. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of physical activated carbon production, two important indicators of high-quality activated carbon are high iodine value and high methylene blue content. The highest iodine adsorption value of conventional industrial-scale products does not exceed 1300 mg / g. In recent years, with the continuous development of the new energy field, the market demand for activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value of (1400-1500) mg / g as a hard carbon anode has increased significantly. However, ordinary activated carbon production furnaces cannot achieve the large-scale production of products that meet the above requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a process and system for producing high-quality activated carbon, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A process for producing high-quality activated carbon includes: a) loading biomass raw materials into a gasifier and subjecting them to high-temperature pyrolysis to obtain biomass char and biomass combustible gas; b) subjecting the biomass char to sequential sieving and air separation to remove powdery particles, large particulate impurities, and sand particles, thereby obtaining pretreated biomass char; c) feeding the pretreated biomass char into an integrated furnace, using the biomass combustible gas as fuel to supply a biomass waste heat steam boiler, and introducing the steam generated by the biomass waste heat steam boiler into the activation section of the integrated furnace after pressure regulation, thereby performing a first activation treatment on the pretreated biomass char to obtain activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 950 to 1050 mg / g; d) cooling the activated carbon after the first activation treatment and feeding it back into the integrated furnace, controlling the temperature of the activation section and the steam pressure of the integrated furnace for a second activation treatment to obtain high-quality activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 1400 to 1500 mg / g.

[0005] Further, in step b), a rotary drum screen is used for screening. The rotary drum screen has a two-section screen, with 10 mesh and 5 mesh screens respectively, to obtain biochar with a mesh size of 5-10 mesh.

[0006] Further, in step b), a wind-powered sand separator is used for air separation. The wind-powered sand separator has a four-blade impeller variable frequency speed control structure and a four-stage air separation particle size classification function, which is used to remove sand particles and small carbon particles from biochar.

[0007] Further, in step c), the conditions for the first activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 880℃-900℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

[0008] Further, in step d), the conditions for the second activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 900℃-940℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

[0009] Furthermore, in step d), the feeding time interval of the second activation treatment is longer than the feeding time interval of the first activation treatment.

[0010] Furthermore, the biomass raw material is at least one of coconut shell, apricot shell, olive shell, peach shell, and wood shavings.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a system for producing high-quality activated carbon, which implements a process method for producing high-quality activated carbon. The system for producing high-quality activated carbon includes: a gasifier, a biomass waste heat steam boiler, a rotary drum screen, a pneumatic sand remover, and an integrated furnace. The outlet of the gasifier is connected to the inlet of the rotary drum screen, the outlet of the rotary drum screen is connected to the inlet of the pneumatic sand remover, the outlet of the pneumatic sand remover is connected to the inlet of the integrated furnace, the combustible gas outlet of the gasifier is connected to the combustion chamber inlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler, and the steam outlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler is connected to the activation section steam inlet of the integrated furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotary drum screen has a two-section screen structure, with one section having a 10-mesh screen and the other section having a 5-mesh screen.

[0013] Furthermore, the wind-powered sand remover has a four-blade impeller variable frequency speed control structure and has four discharge ports, namely, a sand particle outlet, a finished product outlet, and two fine powder outlets. The finished product outlet of the wind-powered sand remover is connected to the feed port of the integrated furnace.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: by employing a two-stage impurity removal method of screening and air separation, sand and fine particles in biochar are effectively removed, preventing impurities from clogging the feed channel of the integrated furnace during high-temperature activation, thus ensuring the service life and activation efficiency of the integrated furnace; through the secondary activation process and precise control of activation temperature and steam pressure, the iodine adsorption value of the product is stably maintained at 1400mg / g-1500mg / g, realizing the true industrial-scale production of high-iodine value activated carbon; at the same time, the combustible gas generated by the gasifier provides heat energy for the activation process, realizing the recycling of energy and reducing production costs.

[0015] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system for producing high-quality activated carbon, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The following are the symbols and their meanings: 1. Gasification furnace; 2. Biomass waste heat steam boiler; 3. Rotary drum screen; 4. Pneumatic sand remover; 5. Integrated furnace. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] This invention provides a process for producing high-quality activated carbon, comprising: a) loading biomass raw materials into a gasifier and subjecting them to high-temperature pyrolysis to obtain biomass char and biomass combustible gas; b) subjecting the biomass char to sequential sieving and air classification to remove powdery particles, large particulate impurities, and sand particles, thereby obtaining pretreated biomass char; c) feeding the pretreated biomass char into an integrated furnace, using the biomass combustible gas as fuel to supply a biomass waste heat steam boiler, wherein steam generated by the biomass waste heat steam boiler is pressure-regulated and then introduced into the activation section of the integrated furnace, thereby performing a first activation treatment on the pretreated biomass char to obtain activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 950 to 1050 mg / g; d) cooling the activated carbon after the first activation treatment and then feeding it back into the integrated furnace, controlling the temperature of the activation section and the steam pressure of the integrated furnace for a second activation treatment to obtain high-quality activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value ranging from 1400 to 1500 mg / g.

[0026] Further, in step b), a rotary drum screen is used for sieving. The rotary drum screen has a two-section screen, using 10-mesh and 5-mesh screens respectively, to obtain biochar with a size of 5-10 mesh. Specifically, the 5-mesh screen yields char particles with a size of 5 mesh, and the 10-mesh screen yields char particles with a size of 10 mesh. The larger the mesh number, the smaller the particle size.

[0027] Further, in step b), a wind-powered sand separator is used for air separation. The wind-powered sand separator has a four-blade impeller variable frequency speed control structure and a four-stage air separation particle size classification function, which is used to remove sand particles and small carbon particles from biochar.

[0028] Further, in step c), the conditions for the first activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 880℃-900℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

[0029] Further, in step d), the conditions for the second activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 900℃-940℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

[0030] Furthermore, in step d), the feeding time interval of the second activation treatment is longer than the feeding time interval of the first activation treatment.

[0031] Furthermore, the biomass raw material is at least one of coconut shell, apricot shell, olive shell, peach shell, and wood shavings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a system for producing high-quality activated carbon, which implements a process method for producing high-quality activated carbon. The system for producing high-quality activated carbon includes: a gasifier 1, a biomass waste heat steam boiler 2, a rotary drum screen 3, a pneumatic sand remover 4, and an integrated furnace 5. The outlet of the gasifier 1 is connected to the inlet of the rotary drum screen 3, the outlet of the rotary drum screen 3 is connected to the inlet of the pneumatic sand remover 4, the outlet of the pneumatic sand remover 4 is connected to the inlet of the integrated furnace 5, the combustible gas outlet of the gasifier 1 is connected to the combustion chamber inlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2, and the steam outlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 is connected to the activation section steam inlet of the integrated furnace 5.

[0033] Furthermore, the rotary drum screen 3 has a two-section screen structure, with one section of the rotary drum screen 3 having a 10-mesh screen and the other section having a 5-mesh screen.

[0034] Furthermore, the wind-powered sand remover 4 has a four-blade impeller frequency conversion speed regulation structure. The wind-powered sand remover 4 has four discharge ports, namely, a sand particle outlet, a finished product outlet, and two fine powder outlets. The finished product outlet of the wind-powered sand remover 4 is connected to the feed port of the integrated furnace 5.

[0035] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: by employing a two-stage impurity removal method of screening and air separation, sand and fine particles in biochar are effectively removed, preventing impurities from clogging the feed channel of the integrated furnace during high-temperature activation, thus ensuring the service life and activation efficiency of the integrated furnace; through the secondary activation process and precise control of activation temperature and steam pressure, the iodine adsorption value of the product is stably maintained at 1400mg / g-1500mg / g, realizing the true industrial-scale production of high-iodine value activated carbon; at the same time, the combustible gas generated by the gasifier provides heat energy for the activation process, realizing the recycling of energy and reducing production costs.

[0036] This invention utilizes the invention patent "A gasification furnace for producing biomass charcoal" disclosed in the authorized patent number CN105219438A, referred to as "gasification furnace", and the utility model patent "A novel integrated gasification and activation furnace" disclosed in the authorized patent number CN220745396U, referred to as "integrated furnace".

[0037] This invention provides a process for producing high-quality activated carbon, comprising: a) The biomass is loaded into gasifier 1 and pyrolyzed at high temperature to obtain biochar and biomass combustible gas.

[0038] b) The biomass char enters the rotary drum screen 3 for screening, initially removing powdery particles and excessively large impurity particles; the biomass char after initial screening enters the wind-powered sand remover 4, where wind power is used to thoroughly remove the powdery particles and mixed sand particles; the air-classified biomass char enters the integrated furnace 5, where the temperature of the activation section of the integrated furnace 5 is controlled between 880℃ and 900℃, and the steam pressure is between 0.25MPa and 0.4MPa.

[0039] c) The biomass combustible gas generated by gasifier 1 is sent to biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 for complete combustion. The steam generated by biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 is sent to the second shaped refractory brick in the activation section of integrated furnace 5 after pressure regulation, thereby activating the biomass char.

[0040] d) After the biochar is activated once, the activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value of 950mg / g-1050mg / g is obtained. The activated carbon activated once is cooled and then put into the integrated furnace 5 for secondary activation. The temperature of the activation section of the secondary activation is controlled at 900℃-920℃, and the steam pressure for activation is controlled between 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

[0041] Furthermore, the biomass is coconut shell, apricot shell, olive shell, peach shell, or wood shavings.

[0042] Furthermore, the equipment used in a process for producing high-quality activated carbon (a system for producing high-quality activated carbon) includes the gasifier 1, the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2, the rotary drum screen 3, the wind-powered sand remover 4, and the integrated furnace 5.

[0043] Furthermore, the gasifier 1 includes a furnace body and a support frame. A feed inlet is located at the top of the furnace body and is connected to the raw material conveyor. The inner cavity of the furnace body consists of a raw material section, a combustion section, and a cooling section from top to bottom. The combustion section contains multiple parallel gasification reaction chambers (gas reaction chambers) that are interconnected with the inner cavity. An internal combustion chamber, communicating with the multiple gasification reaction chambers, is located within the combustion section. This internal combustion chamber has an outlet on its side wall that connects to a combustion chamber. The cooling section contains cooling pipes. A carbon storage bin is located at the bottom of the furnace body, and a discharge valve is located at the bottom of the carbon storage bin. The input port of the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 can be connected to the gas duct of the gasifier 1 or an external induced draft fan.

[0044] Furthermore, the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 is equipped with a dedicated combustion chamber for biomass combustible gas at the boiler inlet, which allows the biomass combustible gas to be fully and completely combusted, and the heat is fully utilized with an efficiency of up to 98%.

[0045] Furthermore, the rotary drum screen 3 is a two-stage screen with three types of granules. The first stage screen is 10 mesh, and the second stage screen is 5 mesh. The rotary drum screen can quickly screen out fine fragments and large particles in biochar to obtain qualified materials with a size of 5-10 mesh, with a screening efficiency of 90%.

[0046] Furthermore, the wind-powered sand remover 4 is equipped with a four-blade impeller with variable frequency speed regulation and four-stage air separation particle size. The wind-powered sand remover 4 can remove fine sand particles and tiny biochar particles from materials, with a removal rate of up to 98%.

[0047] Furthermore, the integrated furnace 5 includes a furnace body, within which a preheating section, a gasification section, an activation section, and a cooling section are arranged sequentially from high to low along the height. Each of the preheating, gasification, activation, and cooling sections is internally composed of a material trough and a fire channel. Multiple sets of material troughs and fire channels are arranged within each of the preheating, gasification, activation, and cooling sections. The material troughs within the preheating, gasification, activation, and cooling sections are sequentially interconnected to form multiple independent longitudinal channels. The nutshell raw material is heated by refractory bricks in the preheating section, achieving drying and preheating. After preheating, the nutshell raw material moves downwards along the longitudinal channels formed by the material troughs, where it undergoes full contact with air and combustion. The nutshell char is activated in the activation section and then cooled in the cooling section.

[0048] Example This invention provides a process for producing high-quality activated carbon, comprising the following steps: a) Biomass (coconut shells, apricot shells, olive shells, peach shells, wood shavings) is loaded into the raw material section of gasifier 1, and biochar and biomass combustible gas are obtained after high-temperature oxidation-reduction reaction in the furnace.

[0049] b) Biomass char is discharged from the gasifier's discharge valve and conveyed to the feed inlet of the rotary drum screen 3. The rotary drum screen 3 has a diameter of 1.5 meters and a length of 5 meters. The drum screen body is divided into two sections from the feed direction, using 10-mesh and 5-mesh screens respectively. The advantages of these parameters are: the biomass char is screened evenly and thoroughly, and the qualified material of 5-10 mesh is evenly distributed; the fine and large particles of biomass char are removed in the initial screening to the maximum extent, and the screening efficiency can reach 90%.

[0050] c) The 5-10 mesh biochar after initial screening is conveyed from the 5-mesh outlet of the rotary drum screen 3 to the inlet of the pneumatic sand remover 4. The pneumatic sand remover 4 is 6 meters long, and the motor is frequency-controlled with an operating frequency of 10Hz-25Hz. There are 4 discharge ports: the first is for sand particles, the second is for finished products, and the third and fourth are for fine powder. The advantage of this setting is that it can thoroughly remove sand particles and fine powder larger than 10 mesh from the 5-10 mesh biochar, with a screening rate of up to 98%. This can effectively prevent sand particles and impurities in the biochar from entering the integrated furnace 5 and clogging the material channel under high temperature, thereby affecting the service life and output of the integrated furnace. The removal of fine powder can make the 5-10 mesh biochar more fully and efficiently activated in the integrated furnace 5.

[0051] d) The 5-10 mesh biochar after air separation enters the hopper of the integrated furnace 5.

[0052] e) The biomass combustible gas generated by the gasifier 1 is introduced into the built-in combustion chamber at the inlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2. The biomass combustible gas includes acid mist, formaldehyde, tar, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, oxygen and methane. The biomass combustible gas is fully combusted in the combustion chamber to remove the tar it contains and to provide energy to the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2. The steam generated by the biomass waste heat steam boiler 2 is pressure regulated between 0.25MPa and 0.4MPa and then sent to the second shaped refractory brick in the activation section of the integrated furnace 5.

[0053] f) Adjust the temperature of the activation section of the integrated furnace 5 to between 880℃ and 900℃, and control the feeding interval of the feeder to 25 minutes. After the first activation, activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value of 950mg / g-1050mg / g can be obtained. After the activated 5-10 mesh activated carbon is cooled to room temperature (30℃), it is loaded back into the hopper of the integrated furnace 5 for a second activation. At this time, the temperature of the activation section of the integrated furnace 5 needs to be controlled between 900℃ and 940℃, and the steam pressure of the activation section needs to be kept constant between 0.25MPa and 0.4MPa. At the same time, the feeding interval of the feeder is adjusted to 30 minutes. After the second activation, the iodine adsorption value of the activated carbon can be stably reached between 1400mg / g and 1500mg / g. The highest iodine adsorption value of activated carbon produced by the traditional physical method in industrial mass production does not exceed 1300mg / g. This process method realizes the true industrial mass production of high iodine adsorption value, thereby creating very good economic and social benefits.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for producing high-quality activated carbon, characterized in that, include: a) Biomass raw materials are loaded into a gasifier and subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis reaction to produce biochar and biomass combustible gas; b) The biochar is subjected to sieving and air separation in sequence to remove powdery particles, large impurities and sand particles to obtain pretreated biochar. c) The pretreated biochar is fed into an integrated furnace, and the biochar combustible gas is used as fuel to supply a biochar waste heat steam boiler. The steam generated by the biochar waste heat steam boiler is introduced into the activation section of the integrated furnace after pressure regulation. The pretreated biochar is then activated for the first time through the integrated furnace to obtain activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value in the range of 950-1050 mg / g. d) After cooling the activated carbon after the first activation treatment, it is fed back into the integrated furnace. The temperature of the activation section and the steam pressure of the integrated furnace are controlled to carry out a second activation treatment to obtain high-quality activated carbon with an iodine adsorption value in the range of 1400-1500 mg / g.

2. The process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b), a rotary drum screen is used for screening. The rotary drum screen has a two-section screen, with 10-mesh and 5-mesh screens respectively, to obtain biochar with a mesh size of 5-10 mesh.

3. The process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b), a wind-powered sand separator is used for air separation. The wind-powered sand separator has a four-blade impeller variable frequency speed control structure and a four-stage air separation particle size classification function, which is used to remove sand particles and small carbon particles from biochar.

4. The process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step c), the conditions for the first activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 880℃-900℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

5. The process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step d), the conditions for the second activation treatment are: the temperature range of the activation section is 900℃-940℃, and the steam pressure range is 0.25MPa-0.4MPa.

6. A process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, In step d), the feeding time interval of the second activation treatment is longer than the feeding time interval of the first activation treatment.

7. A process for producing high-quality activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The biomass raw material is at least one of coconut shell, apricot shell, olive shell, peach shell, and wood shavings.

8. A system for producing high-quality activated carbon, characterized in that, The system for producing high-quality activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 7 includes: a gasifier (1), a biomass waste heat steam boiler (2), a rotary drum screen (3), a wind-powered sand remover (4), and an integrated furnace (5). The outlet of the gasifier (1) is connected to the inlet of the rotary drum screen (3), the outlet of the rotary drum screen (3) is connected to the inlet of the wind-powered sand remover (4), the outlet of the wind-powered sand remover (4) is connected to the inlet of the integrated furnace (5), the combustible gas outlet of the gasifier (1) is connected to the combustion chamber inlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler (2), and the steam outlet of the biomass waste heat steam boiler (2) is connected to the activation section steam inlet of the integrated furnace (5).

9. A system for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotary drum screen (3) has a two-section screen structure. One section of the rotary drum screen (3) has a 10-mesh screen, and the other section of the rotary drum screen (3) has a 5-mesh screen.

10. A system for producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wind-powered sand remover (4) is a four-blade impeller variable frequency speed regulation structure. The wind-powered sand remover (4) has four discharge ports. The four discharge ports of the wind-powered sand remover (4) are sand particle outlet, finished product outlet and two fine powder outlets. The finished product outlet of the wind-powered sand remover (4) is connected to the feed port of the integrated furnace (5).

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