An integrated device for continuously producing high-quality biomass charcoal

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated equipment for continuously producing high-quality biomass charcoal and relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization. The equipment integrates a dehumidification carbonization mechanism and two ash removal and sorting mechanisms. The dehumidification carbonization mechanism adopts an integrated layout of upper and lower cavities, utilizes high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated in carbonization to dehumidify and dry raw materials, and adopts a partitioned external heating type heating structure for carbonization cylinders to realize gradient heating carbonization of materials. The two ash removal and sorting mechanisms are respectively connected in series before and after the carbonization process, and through a guide plate structure driven by vibration and swing in combination, the raw material particle size grading and finished product surface ash removal are simultaneously realized. The equipment has high heat energy utilization rate, can control product quality from the raw material end and the finished product end in two directions, effectively reduces the ash content of finished products, ensures uniform particle size, is continuously operated in a whole process in a closed mode, has high integration degree, and is suitable for large-scale continuous production of high-quality biomass charcoal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of biochar, and specifically to an integrated device for the continuous production of high-quality biochar. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's biomass resource utilization industry, biochar has seen a continuous expansion in market demand due to its wide application in soil improvement, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, water treatment adsorption, and industrial auxiliary materials. Downstream application scenarios are also constantly raising the requirements for core quality parameters of biochar, such as fixed carbon content, ash content, and particle size uniformity.

[0003] Existing biochar production equipment mostly adopts a separate architecture for drying and carbonization units, with the two systems operating independently. The large amount of high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated during the carbonization process lacks a systematic recovery path, and most of it is directly discharged after simple dust removal, resulting in significant heat energy waste and consistently high energy consumption. Furthermore, the separate equipment occupies a large area, involves multiple material transfer links, and is prone to fugitive dust dispersion during production, making it difficult to meet the compliance requirements for large-scale, clean, and continuous production. Some equipment attempting integrated designs simply splices the drying and carbonization chambers together, failing to construct a reasonable flue gas cascade flow field. This results in low waste heat recovery efficiency and an inability to achieve precise temperature control in different zones during the carbonization process, leading to uneven heating of the material, large fluctuations in the volatile matter content of the finished charcoal, and insufficient stability of the fixed carbon content.

[0004] In terms of product quality control, existing continuous carbonization equipment generally lacks a raw material grading process before carbonization. The particle size of the raw materials entering the furnace varies greatly, and since biomass is a poor conductor of heat, fine particles are prone to over-carbonization and pulverization, resulting in increased burn-off rate, while coarse particles are prone to incomplete core carbonization, directly leading to poor consistency in the quality of the finished charcoal. At the same time, most equipment does not have a post-carbonization ash removal process, resulting in a large amount of pyrolysis fly ash and salt precipitation deposits adhering to the surface of the finished charcoal, with high ash content and insufficient appearance cleanliness, making it difficult to meet the quality standards of high-quality biomass charcoal. The few separately configured screening and air separation devices have limited functions and cannot simultaneously complete particle size grading and surface ash removal, resulting in lengthy processes and low equipment integration, further increasing production and maintenance costs.

[0005] Overall, existing biomass carbonization equipment struggles to simultaneously achieve efficient heat recovery, continuous and stable operation, and high-quality char production, hindering the high-quality upgrading of the biomass char industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated equipment for the continuous production of high-quality biochar. It achieves full recovery and utilization of heat energy through an integrated dehumidification carbonization structure, and adds a graded ash removal structure to simultaneously control the quality of char from both the raw material and finished product ends, so as to achieve continuous and stable production of high-quality biochar and solve the problems of low heat energy utilization, high ash content of finished char, and large quality fluctuations of existing equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An integrated device for continuous production of high-quality biochar includes a dehumidification carbonization mechanism and two ash removal and sorting mechanisms. The dehumidification carbonization mechanism includes a mounting shell, a screw conveyor, and a carbonization cylinder. The screw conveyor is horizontally mounted in the upper cavity of the mounting shell, and the carbonization cylinder is horizontally positioned in the middle cavity of the mounting shell. The high-temperature flue gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the lower cavity of the mounting shell to externally heat the carbonization cylinder. The residual heat of the flue gas diffuses upward along the cavity for heat exchange, continuously dehumidifying and drying the biomass raw materials inside the screw conveyor. The two ash removal and sorting mechanisms are connected in series in the raw material path before carbonization and the finished product path after carbonization: the feed end of the first ash removal and sorting mechanism is connected to the discharge port of the first screw conveyor and the discharge end is connected to the feed port of the carbonization cylinder, which is used for particle size classification and pre-ash removal of the dried raw material; the feed end of the second ash removal and sorting mechanism is connected to the discharge port of the carbonization cylinder and the discharge end is connected to the subsequent water-cooled screw conveyor, which is used for particle size classification and surface ash removal of the finished carbon. The ash removal and sorting mechanism includes an installation box, multiple guide plates, a vibrating motor, a swinging mechanism, and a second screw conveyor. Multiple guide plates are arranged in a staggered, inclined manner from top to bottom within the installation box, with adjacent guide plates forming a continuous material path. The second screw conveyor is positioned below the lowest guide plate. The vibrating motor and the swinging mechanism jointly drive each guide plate to generate vertical vibration and lateral swinging. Each guide plate has multiple herringbone-shaped guide grooves spaced along the material's downward sliding direction, with the groove width corresponding to a preset sorting particle size. After the material falls onto the guide plate, under the combined action of vertical vibration and lateral swinging, qualified material with a particle size larger than the sorting particle size slides down the guide plate step by step and is finally discharged by the second screw conveyor. Fine material with a particle size smaller than the sorting particle size and floating ash falling from the material surface fall into the herringbone-shaped guide grooves, collect along the groove body, and are discharged at the bottom of the installation box. Light dust is collected by negative pressure extraction from the top of the installation box along with the rising airflow within the box.

[0008] Preferably, the screw conveyor is fixedly connected to the upper cavity of the mounting shell, and has an inlet and an outlet at its two ends respectively; the outer wall of the screw conveyor is evenly distributed with a number of heat exchange plates along the circumference; the upper and lower sides of the screw conveyor are respectively covered with a heat insulation shell and a heat insulation shell; the end of the heat insulation shell near the inlet is provided with an exhaust port, and the end of the heat insulation shell near the outlet is provided with an air inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the carbonization cylinder is rotatably supported in the middle cavity of the mounting shell, and a sealing cover one and a sealing cover two are respectively connected to both ends of the carbonization cylinder. The sealing cover one has a feed inlet two coaxially arranged in the center, and the sealing cover two has a plurality of discharge outlets two evenly arranged on the edge. The inner wall of the carbonization cylinder is evenly distributed with spiral heat-conducting fins.

[0010] Preferably, a three-phase motor is mounted on the outer side of the sealing cover two via a motor mount, a gear is mounted on the output shaft of the three-phase motor, and a gear ring is correspondingly mounted on the carbonization cylinder, with the gear and gear ring meshing and transmitting power.

[0011] Preferably, a horizontal partition is provided above the carbonization cylinder, and a ventilation groove is provided below the horizontal partition corresponding to the air inlet; a pair of longitudinal partitions are symmetrically distributed on the lower side of the horizontal partition, and each longitudinal partition has a plurality of ventilation holes evenly distributed along the circumference of the carbonization cylinder; the pair of longitudinal partitions divides the lower cavity of the mounting shell into a preheating degassing zone, a main pyrolysis zone and a high-temperature calcination zone, and zero, one and two gas supply pipes are respectively provided in the preheating degassing zone, the main pyrolysis zone and the high-temperature calcination zone, and each gas supply pipe is connected to a plurality of heating heads.

[0012] Preferably, a collection cover is installed at the top of the installation box, and a third inlet is provided on the side of the collection cover, with an upward-facing suction pipe connected to the center of its top; a collection hopper is installed at the bottom of the installation box, and a third outlet is provided on the side of the collection hopper, with a downward-facing distribution pipe connected to the center of its bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the guide plate is equipped with an air blowing pipe via a pair of mounting plates, the side of the air blowing pipe has a plurality of air blowing grooves evenly distributed, and the upper side of the air blowing pipe is connected with a plurality of air supply pipes at intervals.

[0014] Preferably, the guide plate has a V-shaped structure. The upper plate is vertically connected to a fixed shaft via a pair of fixed plates, and the lower plate surface has multiple guide grooves spaced apart. The fixed shaft is rotatably supported by a bearing seat on the inner wall of the mounting box. Inside the mounting box, a DC motor is vertically connected via a pair of fixed strips. The DC motor is a dual-head motor, with rotating disks mounted on both output shafts. An eccentric rod is eccentrically mounted on each rotating disk. A pair of guide rails are symmetrically mounted on the fixed strips, and sliders are slidably fitted on the guide rails. The two sliders are connected to a sliding plate, and a groove is provided in the middle of the sliding plate. The eccentric rod is slidably fitted in the groove. Actuating strips are symmetrically connected to both ends of the sliding plate, and a helical spring is connected between the actuating strips and the corresponding guide plates.

[0015] Preferably, a pair of vibration motors are symmetrically installed at the lower end of each of the guide plates.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The dehumidification and carbonization structure with integrated upper and lower chambers is adopted. The waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas generated by carbonization can be directly transferred upwards for dehumidification and drying of raw materials, realizing the cascade recovery and utilization of heat energy, effectively reducing production energy consumption, and solving the problems of heat energy waste and low integration of traditional split equipment.

[0017] 2. Ash removal and sorting mechanisms are connected in series before and after the carbonization process. The pre-classification ensures that the particle size of the raw materials entering the furnace is uniform, avoiding quality differences caused by uneven heating. The post-ash removal removes floating ash from the surface of the finished product. The two-way control effectively reduces the ash content of the finished product, improves the quality stability and cleanliness of biochar, and solves the problems of uneven particle size and high ash content of traditional equipment.

[0018] 3. The drying, carbonization, grading and ash removal processes of the whole machine are connected in series, and the whole process is closed and continuous. The layout is compact and the production efficiency is high, which can meet the needs of large-scale continuous production of high-quality biochar. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a first-person view structural diagram of the dehumidification and carbonization mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dehumidification and carbonization mechanism from a second-view perspective.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screw conveyor mechanism 1 in the dehumidification and carbonization system.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the carbonization cylinder in the dehumidification carbonization mechanism.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a first-person view structural diagram of the ash removal and sorting mechanism.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall ash removal and sorting mechanism from a second perspective.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box in the ash removal and sorting mechanism.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a partial first-view structural diagram of the ash removal and sorting mechanism.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a partial second-view structural schematic diagram of the ash removal and sorting mechanism.

[0030] in: 10-Dehumidification carbonization mechanism; 101-Mounting shell; 102-Screw conveyor one; 102a-Inlet one; 102b-Outlet one; 103-Heat exchange plate; 104-Insulation shell one; 104a-Exhaust port; 105-Insulation shell two; 105a-Air inlet; 106-Carbonization cylinder; 107-Sealing cover one; 107a-Inlet two; 108-Sealing cover two; 108a-Outlet two; 109-Heat conduction plate; 110-Horizontal partition; 110-Ventilation groove; 111-Longitudinal partition; 111a-Ventilation hole; 112-Air supply pipe; 113-Heating head; 114-Motor base; 115-Three-phase motor; 116-Gear; 117-Gear ring; 20-Ash removal and sorting mechanism; 201-Mounting box; 202-Collection hood; 202a-Inlet three; 203-Suction pipe; 204-Collection hopper; 204a-Outlet three; 205-Distribution pipe; 206-Guide plate; 206a-Guide trough; 207-Fixing plate; 208-Fixing shaft; 209-Bearing seat; 210-Mounting plate; 211-Blowing pipe; 211a-Blowing trough; 212-Air supply pipe; 213-Vibration motor; 214-Fixing strip; 215-DC motor; 216-Rotating disk; 217-Eccentric rod; 218-Guide rail; 219-Slider; 220-Slide plate; 220a-Slide groove; 221-Actuating strip; 222-Helical spring; 223-Screw conveyor two. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated device for continuous production of high-quality biochar, including a dehumidification carbonization mechanism 10 and two ash removal and sorting mechanisms 20. The dehumidification carbonization mechanism 10 includes a mounting shell 101, a screw conveyor 102, and a carbonization cylinder 106. The screw conveyor 102 is horizontally mounted on the upper cavity of the mounting shell 101, and the carbonization cylinder 106 is horizontally positioned in the middle cavity of the mounting shell 101. The high-temperature flue gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the lower cavity of the mounting shell 101 to externally heat the carbonization cylinder 106. The residual heat of the flue gas diffuses upward along the cavity for heat exchange, continuously dehumidifying and drying the biomass raw materials inside the screw conveyor 102. The two ash removal and sorting mechanisms 20 are respectively connected in series in the raw material path before carbonization and the finished product path after carbonization: the feed end of the first ash removal and sorting mechanism 20 is connected to the discharge port of the screw conveyor 102 and the discharge end is connected to the feed port of the carbonization cylinder 106, and is used for particle size classification and pre-ash removal of the raw material after drying; the feed end of the second ash removal and sorting mechanism 20 is connected to the discharge port of the carbonization cylinder 106 and the discharge end is connected to the subsequent water-cooled screw conveyor, and is used for particle size classification and surface ash removal of the finished carbon. The ash removal and sorting mechanism 20 includes a mounting box 201, multiple guide plates 206, a vibrating motor 213, a swinging mechanism, and a second screw conveyor 223. The multiple guide plates 206 are arranged in a staggered, inclined manner from top to bottom within the mounting box 201, with adjacent guide plates 206 forming a continuous material path. The second screw conveyor 223 is positioned below the lowest guide plate 206. The vibrating motor 213 and the swinging mechanism jointly drive each guide plate 206 to generate vertical vibration and lateral swing. Each guide plate 206 has multiple guide plates spaced apart along the material's downward sliding direction. The herringbone-shaped guide trough 206a has a width corresponding to a preset sorting particle size. After the material falls onto the guide plate 206, under the combined action of vertical vibration and lateral oscillation, qualified material with a particle size larger than the sorting particle size slides down the surface of the guide plate 206 step by step and is finally discharged by the screw conveyor 223. Fine material with a particle size smaller than the sorting particle size and floating dust falling off the surface of the material fall into the herringbone-shaped guide trough 206a and are collected along the trough to the bottom of the mounting box 201 for discharge. Light dust is drawn away and collected by the negative pressure at the top of the mounting box 201 with the rising airflow inside the box.

[0033] The integrated cavity structure with upper and lower layers allows the waste heat from carbonization flue gas to be directly used for dehumidification and drying of raw materials, achieving cascade recovery and utilization of heat energy and significantly reducing production energy consumption. By connecting two ash removal and sorting mechanisms 20 in series before and after carbonization, the pre-classification ensures uniform particle size of the raw materials entering the furnace and avoids fluctuations in carbonization quality caused by uneven heating. The post-ash removal removes floating ash from the surface of the finished product. This two-way control effectively reduces the ash content of the finished product and steadily improves the overall quality of biochar.

[0034] In this embodiment, the screw conveyor 102 is fixedly connected to the upper cavity of the mounting shell 101, with an inlet 102a and an outlet 102b at its two ends. A plurality of heat exchange plates 103 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the screw conveyor 102. Insulation shells 104 and 105 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the screw conveyor 102. An exhaust port 104a is located at the end of the insulation shell 104 near the inlet 102a, and an air inlet 105a is located at the end of the insulation shell 105 near the outlet 102b. The heat exchange plates 103 increase the contact area between the outer wall of the screw conveyor 102 and the hot flue gas, significantly improving the dehumidification and drying efficiency of the raw materials. The insulation shells 104 and 105 together form an independent heat exchange duct, employing a counter-current ventilation layout, which enhances the heat exchange effect while reducing heat loss, further improving thermal energy utilization.

[0035] In this embodiment, the carbonization cylinder 106 is rotatably supported in the central cavity of the mounting shell 101. A first sealing cover 107 and a second sealing cover 108 are respectively connected to both ends of the carbonization cylinder 106. The first sealing cover 107 has a coaxial feed inlet 107a at its center, and the second sealing cover 108 has multiple evenly distributed discharge outlets 108a along its edge. Spiral heat-conducting fins 109 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the carbonization cylinder 106. The rotatable carbonization cylinder 106, in conjunction with the spiral heat-conducting fins 109 on its inner wall, can drive the material to be conveyed at a uniform speed and continuously tumbled and heated, eliminating the problem of uneven heating in certain areas and ensuring a consistent degree of carbonization. The sealed structure at both ends maintains a closed, oxygen-free environment during the carbonization process, preventing oxidation and burn-off of the charcoal and improving the fixed carbon content and yield of the finished charcoal.

[0036] In this embodiment, a three-phase motor 115 is mounted on the outer side of the sealing cover 108 via a motor mount 114. A gear 116 is mounted on the output shaft of the three-phase motor 115, and a gear ring 117 is correspondingly mounted on the carbonization cylinder 106. The gear 116 and the gear ring 117 mesh with each other for transmission. This transmission method, using gear 116 and gear ring 117, provides smooth transmission, strong load-bearing capacity, and can stably drive the carbonization cylinder 106 to rotate at a uniform speed, meeting the operational requirements of long-term continuous production.

[0037] In this embodiment, a horizontal partition 110 is provided above the carbonization cylinder 106, and a ventilation groove 110 is provided below the air inlet 105a on the horizontal partition 110; a pair of longitudinal partitions 111 are symmetrically distributed on the lower side of the horizontal partition 110, and each longitudinal partition 111 has a plurality of ventilation holes 111a evenly distributed along the circumference of the carbonization cylinder 106; the pair of longitudinal partitions 111 divide the lower cavity of the mounting shell 101 into a preheating degassing zone, a main pyrolysis zone and a high-temperature calcination zone. The preheating degassing zone, the main pyrolysis zone and the high-temperature calcination zone are respectively provided with one, one and two gas supply pipes 112, and each gas supply pipe 112 is connected to a plurality of heating heads 113. The horizontal partition 110 and the vertical partition 111 work together to divide the heating chamber into three independent temperature zones. By configuring different numbers of gas pipes 112 and heating heads 113, zoned temperature control is achieved to meet the gradient temperature rise requirements of biomass preheating and degassing, main pyrolysis and high-temperature calcination, and to ensure that the carbonization process is precise and controllable. The ventilation slot 110 and ventilation hole 111a can guide the flue gas to flow upward in an orderly manner, ensuring that the waste heat is stably transferred to the upper drying unit and realizing full recovery of heat energy.

[0038] In this embodiment, a collection cover 202 is installed at the top of the mounting box 201. The collection cover 202 has a feed inlet 202a on its side, and an upward-facing suction pipe 203 is connected to its top center. A collection hopper 204 is installed at the bottom of the mounting box 201. The collection hopper 204 has a discharge outlet 204a on its side, and a downward-facing distribution pipe 205 is connected to its bottom center. The top collection cover 202, together with the suction pipe 203, forms a negative pressure air collection structure, which can uniformly extract light dust from the box, preventing dust overflow and meeting environmental protection production requirements. The bottom collection hopper 204 and distribution pipe 205 centrally collect fine materials and ash residue, and the discharge outlet 204a discharges qualified finished products, achieving classified collection of different materials and improving material recovery rate and production cleanliness.

[0039] In this embodiment, an air blowing pipe 211 is mounted on the lower end of the guide plate 206 via a pair of mounting plates 210. Multiple air blowing grooves 211a are evenly distributed on the side of the air blowing pipe 211, and multiple air supply pipes 212 are connected at intervals on the upper side of the air blowing pipe 211. The air blowing pipe 211 outputs a uniform upward airflow through the air blowing grooves 211a, which can lift the floating dust adhering to the material surface. Combined with the top negative pressure exhaust, this significantly enhances the dust removal effect. The simultaneous air supply from multiple air supply pipes 212 ensures uniform air pressure throughout the entire air blowing pipe 211, preventing incomplete dust removal due to insufficient local airflow.

[0040] In this embodiment, the guide plate 206 has a V-shaped structure. The upper part of the plate is vertically connected to a fixed shaft 208 via a pair of fixed plates 207. The lower part of the plate has multiple guide grooves 206a spaced apart. The fixed shaft 208 is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the mounting box 201 via bearing seats 209. Inside the mounting box 201, a DC motor 215 is vertically connected via a pair of fixed strips 214. The DC motor 215 is a dual-head motor, with rotating disks 216 mounted on both of its output shafts. The rotating disk 216 is eccentrically provided with an eccentric rod 217; the fixed bar 214 is symmetrically provided with a pair of guide rails 218, and the guide rails 218 are slidably fitted with sliders 219. The two sliders are connected to a slide plate 220. The slide plate 220 is provided with a groove 220a in the middle, and the eccentric rod 217 is slidably fitted in the groove 220a; the two ends of the slide plate 220 are symmetrically connected with actuating bars 221, and a helical spring 222 is connected between the actuating bars 221 and the corresponding guide plate 206. The V-shaped guide plate 206, in conjunction with the herringbone guide trough 206a, can complete particle size classification during the material's descent. Fine material falls into the trough and is discharged, while qualified material continues to be conveyed along the plate surface. The DC motor 215 drives the guide plate 206 to reciprocate through a crank-slider mechanism consisting of an eccentric rod 217, a sliding plate 220, and a toggle bar 221. With the help of a spiral spring 222 for buffer reset, the material continues to tumble, which not only improves the classification accuracy but also promotes the removal of surface dust, thus simultaneously achieving the functions of classification and dust removal.

[0041] In this embodiment, a pair of vibration motors 213 are symmetrically installed at the lower end of each of the guide plates 206. The symmetrically arranged vibration motors 213 can drive the guide plates 206 to generate vertical vibration, which forms a compound motion with the horizontal swing, further breaking up the agglomerated materials, preventing fine materials from being trapped in the qualified materials, effectively improving the grading accuracy and dust removal cleanliness, and ensuring that the finished product has uniform particle size and a clean surface.

[0042] The working principle of an integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar is as follows: Biomass raw materials are fed into screw conveyor 102 through feed inlet 102a. The high-temperature flue gas generated by carbonization in the lower cavity of the housing 101 diffuses upward and exchanges heat with the cylinder wall of screw conveyor 102 through heat exchange plate 103, thus continuously dehumidifying and drying the raw materials. The dried raw materials are discharged through discharge outlet 102b and sent to the first ash removal and sorting mechanism 20.

[0043] Raw materials enter the mounting box 201 through feed inlet 202a and fall onto multiple staggered guide plates 206. Vibration motor 213 provides vertical vibration force, and DC motor 215 drives slide plate 220 to slide back and forth along guide rail 218 through rotating disk 216 and eccentric rod 217. Then, through actuation bar 221 and helical spring 222, the guide plates 206 are driven to swing laterally. Under the combined action of vertical vibration and lateral swing, the material continues to tumble. Fine material with a particle size smaller than the width of guide trough 206a and surface dust fall into guide trough 206a and finally collect in collection hopper 204 and are discharged through distribution pipe 205. Light dust is drawn away and collected by negative pressure by top suction pipe 203. Raw materials with qualified particle size slide down the guide plate 206 step by step, are sent out by screw conveyor 223, and are sent into carbonization cylinder 106 through feed inlet 107a.

[0044] The three-phase motor 115 drives the carbonization cylinder 106 to rotate at a constant speed through the meshing of the gear 116 and the gear ring 117. The spiral heat-conducting fins 109 on the inner wall drive the material to move slowly towards the discharge end. The longitudinal partition 111 divides the lower heating chamber into three temperature zones: a preheating and degassing zone, a main pyrolysis zone, and a high-temperature calcination zone. Each temperature zone provides different amounts of heat through the gas pipe 112 and the heating head 113, so that the material can complete the gradient heating and carbonization in sequence. The heated flue gas flows upward into the upper drying chamber through the vent hole 111a and the vent groove 110 to realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0045] The finished carbonized charcoal is discharged from outlet 2 108a and sent to the second ash removal and sorting mechanism 20. The above-mentioned grading and ash removal process is repeated to remove the floating ash on the surface of the finished charcoal and complete the particle size classification. Finally, the qualified finished charcoal is sent out from outlet 3 204a and enters the subsequent water-cooled screw conveyor for cooling treatment.

[0046] Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not exhaustive. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for continuous production of high-quality biochar, characterized in that, It includes a dehumidification carbonization unit (10) and two ash removal and sorting units (20); The dehumidification carbonization mechanism (10) includes a mounting shell (101), a screw conveyor (102), and a carbonization cylinder (106). The screw conveyor (102) is horizontally mounted on the upper cavity of the mounting shell (101), and the carbonization cylinder (106) is horizontally positioned in the middle cavity of the mounting shell (101). The high-temperature flue gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the lower cavity of the mounting shell (101) to externally heat the carbonization cylinder (106). The residual heat of the flue gas diffuses upward along the cavity to exchange heat, and continuously dehumidifies and dries the biomass raw materials in the screw conveyor (102). The two ash removal and sorting mechanisms (20) are arranged in series on the raw material path before carbonization and the finished product path after carbonization: the feed end of the first ash removal and sorting mechanism (20) is connected to the discharge port of the first screw conveyor (102), and the discharge end is connected to the feed port of the carbonization cylinder (106), which is used for particle size classification and pre-ash removal of the raw material after drying; the feed end of the second ash removal and sorting mechanism (20) is connected to the discharge port of the carbonization cylinder (106), and the discharge end is connected to the subsequent water-cooled screw conveyor, which is used for particle size classification and surface ash removal of the finished carbon. The ash removal and sorting mechanism (20) includes a mounting box (201), multiple guide plates (206), a vibrating motor (213), a swinging mechanism, and a second screw conveyor (223). The multiple guide plates (206) are arranged in a staggered, inclined manner from top to bottom within the mounting box (201), with adjacent guide plates (206) forming a continuous material path. The second screw conveyor (223) is positioned below the lowest guide plate (206). The vibrating motor (213) and the swinging mechanism jointly drive each guide plate (206) to generate vertical vibration and horizontal swing. The surface of each guide plate (206) moves along the material's downward direction. Multiple herringbone-shaped guide troughs (206a) are provided at intervals, and the width of the guide troughs (206a) corresponds to the preset sorting particle size. After the material falls to the guide plate (206), under the combined action of vertical vibration and horizontal swing, qualified material with a particle size larger than the sorting particle size slides down the plate surface of the guide plate (206) step by step, and is finally sent out by the screw conveyor (223). Fine material with a particle size smaller than the sorting particle size and floating dust falling off the surface of the material fall into the herringbone-shaped guide trough (206a), and are collected along the trough to the bottom of the installation box (201) for discharge. Light dust is drawn away and collected by the negative pressure at the top of the installation box (201) with the rising airflow in the box.

2. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw conveyor (102) is fixedly connected to the upper cavity of the mounting shell (101), and has an inlet (102a) and an outlet (102b) at its two ends respectively. The outer wall of the screw conveyor (102) is evenly distributed with a number of heat exchange plates (103) along the circumference. The upper and lower sides of the screw conveyor (102) are respectively covered with a heat insulation shell (104) and a heat insulation shell (105). The heat insulation shell (104) has an exhaust port (104a) at the end near the inlet (102a), and the heat insulation shell (105) has an air inlet (105a) at the end near the outlet (102b).

3. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization cylinder (106) is rotatably supported in the middle cavity of the mounting shell (101). The two ends of the carbonization cylinder (106) are respectively connected to a sealing cover one (107) and a sealing cover two (108). The center of the sealing cover one (107) is coaxially provided with a feed inlet two (107a). The edge of the sealing cover two (108) is uniformly provided with multiple discharge outlet two (108a). The inner wall of the carbonization cylinder (106) is uniformly distributed with spiral heat-conducting plates (109).

4. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 3, characterized in that, A three-phase motor (115) is installed on the outside of the sealing cover (108) via a motor mount (114). A gear (116) is installed on the output shaft of the three-phase motor (115), and a gear ring (117) is installed on the carbonization cylinder (106). The gear (116) and the gear ring (117) mesh with each other for transmission.

5. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 2, characterized in that, A horizontal partition (110) is provided above the carbonization cylinder (106), and a ventilation groove (110) is provided below the air inlet (105a) on the horizontal partition (110); a pair of longitudinal partitions (111) are symmetrically distributed on the lower side of the horizontal partition (110), and each longitudinal partition (111) has a plurality of ventilation holes (111a) evenly distributed along the circumference of the carbonization cylinder (106); the lower cavity of the mounting shell (101) is divided into a preheating degassing zone, a main pyrolysis zone and a high-temperature calcination zone by the pair of longitudinal partitions (111); zero, one and two gas supply pipes (112) are respectively provided in the preheating degassing zone, the main pyrolysis zone and the high-temperature calcination zone, and a plurality of heating heads (113) are connected to each gas supply pipe (112).

6. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the mounting box (201) is equipped with a collection cover (202), and the side of the collection cover (202) is provided with a feed inlet three (202a), and the center of its top is connected to an upward suction pipe (203); the bottom of the mounting box (201) is equipped with a collection hopper (204), and the side of the collection hopper (204) is provided with a discharge outlet three (204a), and the center of its bottom is connected to a downward distribution pipe (205).

7. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the guide plate (206) is equipped with an air blowing pipe (211) via a pair of mounting plates (210). Multiple air blowing grooves (211a) are evenly distributed on the side of the air blowing pipe (211), and multiple air supply pipes (212) are connected at intervals on the upper side of the air blowing pipe (211).

8. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (206) has a V-shaped structure. The upper plate is vertically connected to a fixed shaft (208) via a pair of fixed plates (207). The lower plate surface has multiple guide grooves (206a) spaced apart. The fixed shaft (208) is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the mounting box (201) via a bearing seat (209). Inside the mounting box (201), a DC motor (215) is vertically connected via a pair of fixed strips (214). The DC motor (215) is a double-headed motor, and both of its output shafts are equipped with rotating disks (216). 16) An eccentric rod (217) is provided on the upper eccentric side; a pair of guide rails (218) are symmetrically provided on the fixed bar (214), and a slider (219) is slidably fitted on the guide rail (218). The two sliders are connected to a slide plate (220). A groove (220a) is provided in the middle of the slide plate (220), and the eccentric rod (217) is slidably fitted in the groove (220a); a toggle bar (221) is symmetrically connected to both ends of the slide plate (220), and a helical spring (222) is connected between the toggle bar (221) and the corresponding guide plate (206).

9. The integrated equipment for continuous production of high-quality biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of vibration motors (213) are symmetrically installed at the lower end of each of the guide plates (206).

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