An integrated device for controllable water loss spore release and collection of spore sacs

Abstract

The present application relates to spore collection device technical field, disclose a kind of spore sac controllable dehydration release spore and collection integrated device, including shell, temperature control dehydration chamber and spore collection chamber being opened in shell, setting in temperature control dehydration chamber discharging rack, setting in spore collection chamber spore bearing assembly and discharge hopper, temperature control dehydration chamber is communicated with spore collection chamber;The present application is through the setting of bearing net belt circuitous part, the contact area of airflow and bearing net belt is extended, effectively amplifies the effective action area of spore interception, substantially reduces the probability that small spore penetrates and escapes with airflow, significantly improves the overall collection recovery rate of spore;With the collaborative setting of transmission roller group, transmission belt and scraper rod, bearing net belt can be driven to circulate, spore enriched on the surface of net belt is automatically scraped off by the relative movement of bearing net belt and scraper rod, and continuous centralized collection of spore can be realized without manually taking out interception filter screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spore collection equipment technology, specifically an integrated device for controlled dehydration and spore release from sporangia and collection. Background Technology

[0002] Ferns reproduce sexually by releasing spores through the dehydration and dehiscence of mature sporangia. Fern spores are core materials for germplasm conservation, artificial seedling cultivation, and research on medicinal active ingredients, and have significant application value in the protection of rare ferns and the large-scale cultivation of medicinal plants. However, sporangium dehiscence in the natural environment is greatly affected by fluctuations in temperature and humidity, resulting in a long release cycle, poor synchronization, low efficiency and high loss during artificial collection, making it difficult to meet the practical needs of obtaining high-quality spores in large quantities.

[0003] Most existing spore collection devices adopt a closed chamber structure. By regulating the temperature and humidity inside the chamber, the sporangia are accelerated to lose water and crack. At the same time, a blower module is used to form a directional airflow to transport the released spores to the collection area. The spores are intercepted by an intercepting filter or mesh belt, and finally the spores are collected into the collection container by mechanical scraping or natural sedimentation.

[0004] However, the existing interception filters are mostly single-layer flat structures with limited effective interception area. Tiny spores can easily penetrate and escape with the airflow, resulting in a low overall collection and recovery rate. Furthermore, after the interception filter has finished intercepting the spores, it needs to be manually removed to collect the spores. At the same time, spores are easily trapped inside the mesh, and conventional scraping methods are difficult to clean thoroughly. Long-term operation can easily cause mesh blockage and continuous degradation of interception performance. Therefore, it cannot meet the needs of large-scale, high-quality spore collection.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection. By setting the detour section of the carrying mesh belt, the contact area between the airflow and the carrying mesh belt is extended, effectively increasing the effective area for spore interception, significantly reducing the probability of small spores escaping through the airflow, and significantly improving the overall spore collection and recovery rate.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a device for controlled dehydration and spore release and collection of sporangia, comprising a shell, a temperature-controlled dehydration chamber and a spore collection chamber opened within the shell, a feeding rack disposed within the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber, a spore carrying assembly and a feeding hopper disposed within the spore collection chamber, wherein the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber and the spore collection chamber are connected, the spore carrying assembly comprises a drive roller group, a drive belt and a carrying mesh belt, two drive belts are provided, the two drive belts are supported and driven by the drive roller group, the carrying mesh belt is fixedly connected between the two drive belts, the carrying mesh belt is provided with a detour section, the detour section is disposed on the side near the spore collection chamber, the feeding hopper is disposed below the carrying mesh belt, a scraper is fixedly installed on the inner side of the feeding hopper, the scraper is used to scrape the spores attached to the carrying mesh belt into the feeding hopper.

[0008] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the transmission roller group includes transmission roller one, transmission roller two, and transmission roller three. There are two transmission roller one, and multiple transmission roller two and transmission roller three are provided. The transmission belt is collectively mounted on transmission roller one, transmission roller two, and transmission roller three. The carrying mesh belt is supported by transmission roller two and transmission roller three to form a meandering section.

[0009] A further provision of the present invention is that: a mounting frame is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hopper near the discharge rack, and a sealing plate is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame. The sealing plate is used to seal the gap between the carrying mesh belt and the side wall of the hopper. The top of the sealing plate is rotatably connected to the mounting frame through a damping shaft, and the bottom of the sealing plate is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the mounting frame through a spring.

[0010] A further feature of the present invention is that a connecting column is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sealing plate, an arc-shaped slide is provided on the side wall of the mounting frame, the connecting column passes through the arc-shaped slide, a bearing is fitted at the end of the connecting column away from the sealing plate, a drive disk is fixedly fitted at the end of the second transmission roller located at the bottom, the outer peripheral wall of the drive disk is provided with multiple protrusions, and the drive disk is in contact with the outer ring of the bearing.

[0011] A further feature of the present invention is that an installation box is fixedly provided in the inner cavity of the spore collection chamber, and multiple auxiliary cleaning components are provided in the installation box. The auxiliary cleaning components are used to assist in cleaning spores embedded in the mesh of the carrying mesh belt.

[0012] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the auxiliary cleaning assembly includes a cylinder, a piston slidably installed inside the cylinder, a piston rod fixedly installed at the top of the piston, and an impact head fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder. The piston is elastically connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder by a second spring. The impact head penetrates the bottom wall of the mounting box and slides with the bottom wall of the mounting box. An air outlet is provided inside the impact head and communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder. An air inlet is provided on the piston, and a one-way air inlet valve is provided inside the air inlet. A ball bearing is embedded at the top of the piston rod. A drive assembly for driving the piston rod to move downward is provided inside the mounting box. A support ring is fixedly fitted on the top of the cylinder, and the support ring is elastically connected to the bottom wall of the mounting box by a third spring.

[0013] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the driving assembly includes a motor, a rotating seat fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a driving rod fixedly connected to the rotating seat, and a driving rod slidably disposed inside the driving rod. The motor is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the mounting box. The rotating seat, driving rod 1, and driving rod 2 are all disposed inside the mounting box. The cross-sections of driving rod 1 and driving rod 2 are both triangular. One end of driving rod 2 extends out from the interior of driving rod 1, and a ball bearing 1 is embedded in the end of driving rod 2 extending out from driving rod 1. A spring 4 is disposed inside driving rod 1. Driving rod 2 is elastically connected to driving rod 1 through spring 4. Under the elastic action of spring 4, ball bearing 1 contacts the inner wall of the mounting box.

[0014] A further feature of the present invention is that a recycling box is inserted into the side of the housing near the exhaust port, and a window is provided through the recycling box, with a filter screen fixedly installed inside the window on the side near the exhaust port.

[0015] A further feature of the present invention is that the feeding rack includes a frame body, which is disposed in a temperature-controlled dehydration chamber. The frame body is provided with multiple feeding chambers, both sides of which are open, and an isolation net is provided on the side of the feeding chamber away from the air inlet.

[0016] A further feature of the present invention is that: the two opposite side walls of the shell are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected to the temperature control and water loss chamber, the air outlet is connected to the spore collection chamber, and a blower module is provided at the air inlet.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting the tortuous part of the carrying mesh belt, the present invention extends the contact area between the airflow and the carrying mesh belt, effectively increasing the effective area for spore interception, significantly reducing the probability of small spores penetrating and escaping with the airflow, and significantly improving the overall spore collection and recovery rate; in conjunction with the coordinated setting of the transmission roller group, transmission belt and scraper, the carrying mesh belt can be driven to circulate, and the spores enriched on the surface of the mesh belt can be automatically scraped off by the relative motion between the carrying mesh belt and the scraper, so that the continuous and concentrated collection of spores can be achieved without the need for manual removal of the interception filter, effectively improving the level of automation and processing efficiency, and adapting to the needs of large-scale spore collection operations; This invention, through the inclusion of an auxiliary cleaning component, employs a combination of mechanical impact vibration and positive pressure airflow to efficiently remove spores embedded within the mesh openings. This solves the problem of incomplete cleaning by conventional scraping methods, preventing the continuous degradation of interception performance caused by mesh blockage during long-term operation and ensuring the long-term stable interception effect of the conveyor belt. Simultaneously, the linkage structure between the sealing plate and the drive disc achieves a seal between the conveyor belt and the hopper, preventing airflow from disturbing the collected spores and preventing spores from being crushed during scraping operations. This effectively ensures the morphological integrity and quality of the collected spores, meeting the requirements for high-quality spore collection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spore-carrying component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission roller three of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hopper, mounting frame, and sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate, spring 1, and damping shaft of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the frame and isolation net of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box and motor of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation box and auxiliary cleaning components of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of drive rod one and drive rod two of the present invention; Figure 12This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recycling box and filter screen of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Air inlet; 102. Air outlet; 103. Temperature-controlled dehydration chamber; 104. Spore collection chamber; 2. Feeding rack; 201. Frame; 202. Feeding chamber; 203. Isolation net; 3. Blower module; 4. Collection box; 5. Spore carrying assembly; 501. Drive roller one; 502. Drive roller two; 503. Drive roller three; 5031. Reduction section; 504. Carrying mesh belt; 5041. Detour section; 5042. Horizontal section; 5043. Vertical section; 505. Drive belt; 6. Hopper; 7. Drive disc; 8. Mounting frame; 801. Arc-shaped slide. ; 9. Sealing plate; 10. Damping shaft; 11. Spring 1; 12. Connecting column; 13. Bearing; 14. Mounting box; 15. Auxiliary cleaning assembly; 1501. Cylinder; 1502. Impact head; 1503. Air outlet; 1504. Piston; 1505. One-way intake valve; 1506. Plug rod; 1507. Ball bearing 2; 1508. Spring 2; 1509. Support ring; 1510. Spring 3; 16. Motor 1; 17. Rotary seat; 18. Drive rod 1; 19. Drive rod 2; 20. Ball bearing 1; 21. Recycling box; 2101. Window; 22. Filter screen; 23. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 8In this embodiment of the invention, a device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection includes a housing 1, a temperature-controlled dehydration chamber 103 and a spore collection chamber 104 formed within the housing 1, a feeding rack 2 disposed within the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber 103, a spore carrying assembly 5 and a hopper 6 disposed within the spore collection chamber 104. The temperature-controlled dehydration chamber 103 and the spore collection chamber 104 are connected. The spore carrying assembly 5 includes a drive roller group, a drive belt 505, and a carrying mesh belt 504. Two drive belts 505 are provided, and the two drive belts 505 are connected by a drive roller group, a drive belt 505, and a carrying mesh belt 504. The transmission roller assembly provides support and drive. A carrying mesh belt 504 is fixedly connected between two transmission belts 505. A detour section 5041 is provided on the carrying mesh belt 504, located on the side near the spore collection chamber 104. The feeding hopper 6 is located below the carrying mesh belt 504. A scraper 23 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the feeding hopper 6, used to scrape the spores attached to the carrying mesh belt 504 into the feeding hopper 6. In practical applications, leaves of uniform maturity with full sporangia from fern plants are selected and rinsed with clean water to remove surface dust and impurities. After processing, the surface moisture of the leaves is naturally dried, completing the leaf pretreatment. The pretreated leaves are then placed on the feeding rack 2. First, the temperature-controlled dehumidification chamber 103 is heated and dehumidified through temperature and humidity control to create suitable environmental conditions for sporangium dehiscence, shortening the natural dehiscence cycle. Simultaneously, a directional airflow is introduced into the temperature-controlled dehumidification chamber 103 to accelerate the rate of moisture loss from the sporangium surface, promoting synchronous dehiscence and spore release. The released spores are then directionally transported by the airflow to the spore collection chamber 104. The mesh size of the carrying mesh belt 504 is smaller than the spore particle size, preventing spore release. The spores penetrate the mesh belt and are trapped on the surface of the carrying mesh belt 504, achieving spore enrichment and collection. When the spores on the surface of the carrying mesh belt 504 reach a set amount, the transmission roller group drives the transmission belt 505 to rotate, causing the carrying mesh belt 504 to move synchronously in a cycle. When the carrying mesh belt 504 passes the scraper 23, the scraper 23 moves relative to the surface of the mesh belt, continuously scraping the spores attached to the surface of the mesh belt into the lower feed hopper 6, completing the centralized collection of spores. Through the design of the meandering part 5041 on the carrying mesh belt 504, the contact area between the carrying mesh belt 504 and the spores is increased to maximize the spore carrying capacity. With the setting of the scraper 23 and the rotation of the carrying mesh belt 504, the spores on the carrying mesh belt 504 can be automatically scraped off, thus automatically collecting the spores.

[0022] In this embodiment, preferably, the transmission roller group includes transmission roller one 501, transmission roller two 502, and transmission roller three 503. Two transmission rollers one 501 are provided, and multiple transmission rollers two 502 and transmission roller three 503 are provided, with at least two. The transmission belt 505 is collectively mounted on the transmission rollers one 501, two 502, and three 503. The carrying mesh belt 504, under the action of the two transmission rollers one 501, supports a vertical section 5043. The carrying mesh belt 504, under the support of the two transmission rollers one 501 and the two uppermost and lowermost transmission rollers two 502, supports two horizontal sections 5042. The scraper 23 is in contact with the lower horizontal section 5042, and the relative movement of the carrying mesh belt 504 and the scraper 23 scrapes off the spores. The carrying mesh belt 504, under the action of the transmission rollers two 502 and three 503, supports a meandering section 5041. The extended contact path between the airflow and the carrier mesh belt 504 increases the effective interception area. When collecting spores, the spores are intercepted step by step through the multi-stage bending of the mesh belt surface, improving the single interception efficiency. The transmission roller 3 503 is provided with a reduced diameter section 5031. The radius of the reduced diameter section 5031 is smaller than the radius of the contact part between the transmission roller 3 503 and the transmission belt 505, so that the mesh surface area of ​​the carrier mesh belt 504 does not contact the reduced diameter section 5031. This avoids the roller surface squeezing the spores attached to the mesh belt when the mesh belt passes through the transmission roller 3 503, ensuring the integrity of the spore morphology. A motor 2 (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed on the back of the shell 1. The output end of the motor 2 is connected to one of the transmission rollers 1 501. The motor 2 drives the transmission roller 1 501 to rotate, which in turn works with the transmission rollers 2 502 and 3 503 to drive the carrier mesh belt 504 to achieve continuous cyclic operation.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, the two opposite sidewalls of the shell 1 are respectively provided with an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102. The air inlet 101 is connected to the temperature-controlled water loss chamber 103, and the air outlet 102 is connected to the spore collection chamber 104. A blower module 3 is provided at the air inlet 101. The blower module 3 can generate multiple uniform transverse airflows to form a stable laminar flow field in the chamber, which smoothly transports the spores released from the sporangia to the spore collection chamber 104, avoiding turbulent airflow that causes spores to scatter and deposit. The airflow is finally discharged through the air outlet 102. The temperature-controlled water loss chamber 103 is provided with a temperature and humidity regulation module and a temperature and humidity detection sensor, which can collect the temperature and humidity parameters in the chamber in real time and control them in a closed loop to maintain the chamber environment in the optimal temperature and humidity range for sporangia rupture, so as to achieve precise and controllable water loss and spore release process.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, the feeding rack 2 includes a frame 201, which is disposed in the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber 103. A handle is provided on the front of the frame 201 so that the frame 201 can be pulled out of the chamber, which facilitates the batch loading and removal of blades. Multiple feeding chambers 202 are provided inside the frame 201. The feeding chambers 202 are used to lay the blades flat to ensure that the blades in each layer are heated and aired evenly. Both sides of the feeding chambers 202 are open, and an isolation net 203 is provided on the side of the feeding chamber 202 away from the air inlet 101. While ensuring the normal penetration of airflow, the net prevents the blades from moving out of the feeding chamber 202 under the blowing action of the airflow, thus maintaining the stability of the feeding state.

[0025] In this embodiment, preferably, a collection box 4 is inserted into the shell 1, the collection box 4 extends into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the collection box 4 is located directly below the feed hopper 6. The spores scraped off by the scraper 23 slide down the inner wall of the feed hopper 6 by their own weight and finally fall into the collection box 4 for centralized storage. The collection box 4 adopts a pull-out plug-in structure, which can be directly removed for spore transfer and cleaning, making the operation convenient.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, a mounting frame 8 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hopper 6 near the discharge rack 2. A sealing plate 9 is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame 8. The sealing plate 9 is used to seal the gap between the carrying mesh belt 504 and the side wall of the hopper 6, preventing airflow from entering the hopper 6 and disturbing the settling state of the collected spores. The top of the sealing plate 9 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 8 through a damping pivot 10, and the bottom of the sealing plate 9 is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the mounting frame 8 through a spring 11. The bottom of the sealing plate 9 is fixedly installed... The mounting bracket 8 is equipped with a connecting column 12. An arc-shaped slide rail 801 is provided on the side wall of the mounting bracket 8. The connecting column 12 passes through the arc-shaped slide rail 801. A bearing 13 is fitted onto the end of the connecting column 12 away from the sealing plate 9. A drive disc 7 is fixedly fitted onto the end of the lowermost transmission roller 502. Multiple protrusions are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the drive disc 7, and the drive disc 7 contacts the outer ring of the bearing 13. During the static spore enrichment stage, the carrying mesh belt 504 does not rotate, and the sealing plate 9 is pressed against the carrying mesh belt 504 under the elastic action of the spring 11. 4. The gap between the carrying mesh belt 504 and the side wall of the hopper 6 is sealed to block the airflow from entering the hopper 6. When the drive roller group drives the carrying mesh belt 504 to scrape material, the drive roller 502 rotates synchronously and drives the drive disc 7 to rotate. When the protrusion of the drive disc 7 contacts the bearing 13, the bearing 13 pushes the connecting column 12 to move along the arc-shaped slide 801, causing the sealing plate 9 to deflect inwards towards the mounting frame 8, separating the sealing plate 9 from the carrying mesh belt 504. The mesh belt section carrying spores can then smoothly pass through the gap and move above the hopper 6, preventing... The spores are crushed by the sealing plate 9; at the same time, due to the damping setting of the damping shaft 10, the sealing plate 9 has a lag in resetting. When the drive disk 7 continues to rotate, the bearing 13 passes through each protrusion in sequence. When the bearing 13 is in the transition zone between adjacent protrusions, the time for the sealing plate 9 to fully reset due to damping is longer than the time for the bearing 13 to pass through the transition zone. Therefore, during the continuous operation of the mesh belt, the sealing plate 9 always remains separated from the carrying mesh belt 504 and will not rub against the surface of the mesh belt, effectively preventing the problem of spores being crushed by pressure during the scraping process.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 2 and 9-14. In this embodiment of the invention, an installation box 14 is fixedly installed inside the spore collection chamber 104. Multiple auxiliary cleaning components 15 are installed inside the installation box 14. The auxiliary cleaning components 15 are used to assist in cleaning spores embedded in the mesh of the carrying mesh belt 504. The auxiliary cleaning component 15 includes a cylinder 1501, a piston 1504 slidably installed inside the cylinder 1501, a stopper rod 1506 fixedly installed at the top of the piston 1504, and an impact head 1502 fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder 1501. The piston 1504 is connected to the cylinder 1501 by a spring 1508. The bottom inner wall of the mounting box 14 is elastically connected. The impact head 1502 penetrates the bottom wall of the mounting box 14 and slides with the bottom wall of the mounting box 14. An air outlet 1503 is provided inside the impact head 1502, which is connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder 1501. An air inlet is provided on the piston 1504, and a one-way air inlet valve 1505 is provided inside the air inlet. A ball bearing 1507 is embedded in the top of the piston rod 1506. A drive assembly for driving the piston rod 1506 to move downward is provided inside the mounting box 14. A support ring is fixedly fitted on the top of the cylinder 1501. 1509, the support ring 1509 is elastically connected to the bottom wall of the mounting box 14 via spring three 1510; when the drive assembly pushes the piston rod 1506 downward, spring two 1508 and spring three 1510 are compressed simultaneously, the piston rod 1506 drives the piston 1504 and cylinder 1501 to move downward synchronously, the cylinder 1501 drives the impact head 1502 to press against the surface of the bearing mesh belt 504 to generate an instantaneous impact, causing the corresponding area of ​​the mesh belt to generate high-frequency vibration, loosening the spores embedded in the mesh; at the same time, the piston 1504 moves downward relative to the cylinder 1501 to compress the air in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1501, and the high-pressure airflow passes through the impact head 1502. The air outlet 1503 of 02 sprays downwards, directly blowing the mesh belt holes. Through the dual action of mechanical vibration and forward airflow, it efficiently removes the spores embedded in the mesh, avoiding mesh blockage and reduced interception efficiency. When the drive component disengages from the ball bearing 1507, the piston 1504 moves upwards to reset under the elastic force of the spring 1508. Most of the air is replenished into the inner cavity of the cylinder 1501 through the one-way intake valve 1505. The cylinder 1501 moves upwards to reset synchronously under the elastic force of the spring 1510. The impact head 1502 then rises and separates from the carrying mesh belt 504, completing a single cleaning cycle.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving assembly includes a motor 16, a rotating seat 17 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 16, a driving rod 18 fixedly connected to the rotating seat 17, and a driving rod 19 slidably disposed inside the driving rod 18. The motor 16 is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the mounting box 14. The rotating seat 17, driving rod 18, and driving rod 19 are all disposed inside the mounting box 14. The cross-sections of the driving rod 18 and the driving rod 19 are both triangular. One end of the driving rod 19 extends from the inside of the driving rod 18, and a ball bearing 20 is embedded in the end of the driving rod 19 extending from the driving rod 18. A spring 4 (not shown in the figure) is disposed inside the driving rod 18. The driving rod 19 is elastically connected to the driving rod 18 through the spring 4. Under the elastic action of the spring 4, the ball bearing 20 and the rotating seat 18 move together. The inner wall of the mounting box 14 is in contact with the motor 16; the motor 16 drives the rotating seat 17 to rotate at a constant speed, which drives the drive rod 18 and the drive rod 29 to revolve around the axis of the rotating seat 17 synchronously. The inclined guide surfaces at the bottom of the drive rod 18 and the drive rod 29 contact the balls 2507 of each auxiliary cleaning component 15 in sequence. Through the inclined plane transmission, the plug rod 1506 is pushed downward to realize the sequential triggering of multiple sets of auxiliary cleaning components 15. The drive rod 29 can extend and retract along the inner cavity of the drive rod 18 to adapt to the internal radial dimension of the mounting box 14, ensuring that the balls 20 always fit against the inner wall of the mounting box 14 during the revolution, ensuring stable drive stroke, and being able to release all balls 20. Through the continuous rotation of the drive rod 18 and the drive rod 29, the auxiliary cleaning components 15 arranged around the circumference can be driven to work in a cycle, realizing uniform cleaning of the entire width of the carrying mesh belt 504.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, a recycling box 21 is inserted into the side of the housing 1 near the exhaust port 102. A window 2101 is provided through the recycling box 21. The window 2101 is located next to the vertical part 5043 of the carrying mesh belt 504. A filter screen 22 is fixedly installed inside the window 2101 near the exhaust port 102. After the air entering the spore collection chamber 104 passes through the carrying mesh belt 504, it enters the recycling box 21 through the window 2101 and is finally discharged from the exhaust port 102. The filter screen 22 can perform secondary interception of trace spores in the airflow that are not intercepted by the carrying mesh belt 504. The spores flowing with the airflow hit the filter screen 22 and settle at the bottom of the recycling box 21, further improving the overall spore recovery rate. The recycling box 21 can be pulled out from the housing 1, which facilitates the transfer and collection of internal spores and the cleaning and maintenance of the filter screen 22.

[0030] Working principle: When the device is working, the pre-treated fern leaves are first placed in the feeding rack 2 of the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber 103. The temperature and humidity are controlled in a closed loop by the temperature and humidity adjustment module and the temperature and humidity detection sensor to maintain the temperature and humidity in the chamber within a suitable range for sporangium dehiscence. Combined with the directional transverse airflow output by the blower module 3 at the air inlet 101, the surface moisture of the sporangium is accelerated, the sporangium dehiscence cycle is shortened and the spores are released synchronously. After release, the spores flow into the spore collection chamber 104 with the airflow. When passing through the carrying mesh belt 504 with the meandering structure, the mesh pores are intercepted on the surface of the mesh belt because the mesh pore size is smaller than the spore particle size. The meandering mesh belt extends the airflow path and increases the effective interception area, achieving efficient spore enrichment. The airflow is finally discharged from the chamber through the exhaust port 102.

[0031] When the spores on the surface of the carrying mesh belt 504 accumulate to a set level, the second motor drives the transmission roller group to operate, causing the carrying mesh belt 504 to move in a cycle. The spores attached to the surface of the mesh belt are continuously scraped off by the relative scraping action of the scraper 23 below, and slide down the feed hopper 6 into the collection box 4 for centralized collection. During the operation of the mesh belt, the drive disk 7 at the end of the transmission roller 502 rotates synchronously, and the sealing plate 9 is periodically raised through the cooperation of the protrusion and the bearing 13, so as to avoid the spores being squeezed and damaged by the sealing plate 9 during the operation of the mesh belt. At the same time, the drive component in the mounting box 14 drives multiple sets of auxiliary cleaning components 15 to be triggered in sequence. Through the mechanical vibration of the impact head 1502 combined with the positive pressure airflow output by the cylinder 1501, the spores embedded in the mesh are efficiently removed, maintaining the long-term stable interception efficiency of the mesh belt. The trace spores that escape with the airflow are intercepted and settled again by the filter screen 22 of the recovery box 21 at the exhaust port 102, further improving the overall spore recovery rate.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included in the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection, comprising a shell (1), a temperature-controlled dehydration chamber (103) and a spore collection chamber (104) disposed within the shell (1), a feeding rack (2) disposed within the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber (103), a spore carrying component (5) disposed within the spore collection chamber (104), and a feeding hopper (6), wherein the temperature-controlled dehydration chamber (103) and the spore collection chamber (104) are connected, characterized in that: The spore carrying assembly (5) includes a transmission roller group, a transmission belt (505) and a carrying mesh belt (504). There are two transmission belts (505), which are supported and driven by the transmission roller group. The carrying mesh belt (504) is fixedly connected between the two transmission belts (505). The carrying mesh belt (504) is provided with a detour section (5041), which is located on the side near the spore collection chamber (104). The feeding hopper (6) is located below the carrying mesh belt (504). A scraper (23) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the feeding hopper (6). The scraper (23) is used to scrape the spores attached to the carrying mesh belt (504) into the feeding hopper (6).

2. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission roller group includes transmission roller one (501), transmission roller two (502) and transmission roller three (503). There are two transmission roller one (501), and multiple transmission roller two (502) and transmission roller three (503). The transmission belt (505) is mounted on transmission roller one (501), transmission roller two (502) and transmission roller three (503). The carrying mesh belt (504) is supported by transmission roller two (502) and transmission roller three (503) to form a meandering section (5041).

3. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting frame (8) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hopper (6) near the feeding rack (2). A sealing plate (9) is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame (8). The sealing plate (9) is used to seal the gap between the carrying mesh belt (504) and the side wall of the hopper (6). The top of the sealing plate (9) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (8) through a damping shaft (10). The bottom of the sealing plate (9) is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the mounting frame (8) through a spring (11).

4. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting column (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sealing plate (9). An arc-shaped slide (801) is provided on the side wall of the mounting bracket (8). The connecting column (12) passes through the arc-shaped slide (801). A bearing (13) is fitted on the end of the connecting column (12) away from the sealing plate (9). A drive disk (7) is fixedly fitted on the end of the transmission roller (502) located at the bottom. The outer peripheral wall of the drive disk (7) is provided with multiple protrusions, and the drive disk (7) is in contact with the outer ring of the bearing (13).

5. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spore collection chamber (104) is fixedly provided with an installation box (14), and the installation box (14) is provided with a plurality of auxiliary cleaning components (15). The auxiliary cleaning components (15) are used to assist in cleaning the spores embedded in the mesh of the carrying mesh belt (504).

6. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary cleaning assembly (15) includes a cylinder (1501), a piston (1504) slidably mounted inside the cylinder (1501), a piston rod (1506) fixedly mounted on the top of the piston (1504), and an impact head (1502) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cylinder (1501). The piston (1504) is elastically connected to the bottom inner wall of the cylinder (1501) by a spring (1508). The impact head (1502) penetrates the bottom wall of the mounting box (14) and slides with the bottom wall of the mounting box (14). The interior of the impact head (1502) is open. An air outlet (1503) is provided, which is connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder (1501). An air inlet is provided on the piston (1504), and a one-way air inlet valve (1505) is provided in the air inlet. A ball bearing (1507) is embedded in the top of the piston rod (1506). A drive assembly for driving the piston rod (1506) to move downward is provided in the mounting box (14). A support ring (1509) is fixedly fitted on the top of the cylinder (1501), and the support ring (1509) is elastically connected to the bottom wall of the mounting box (14) through a spring (1510).

7. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a motor (16), a rotating base (17) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (16), a drive rod (18) fixedly connected to the rotating base (17), and a drive rod (19) slidably disposed inside the drive rod (18). The motor (16) is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the mounting box (14). The rotating base (17), drive rod (18), and drive rod (19) are all disposed inside the mounting box (14). Both (18) and the second drive rod (19) have triangular cross sections. One end of the second drive rod (19) extends from the inside of the first drive rod (18), and the end of the second drive rod (19) extending from the first drive rod (18) is fitted with a ball bearing (20). The first drive rod (18) is equipped with a spring (4), and the second drive rod (19) is elastically connected to the first drive rod (18) through the spring (4). Under the elastic action of the spring (4), the ball bearing (20) contacts the inner wall of the mounting box (14).

8. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recycling box (21) is inserted into the side of the housing (1) near the exhaust port (102). A window (2101) is opened through the recycling box (21). A filter screen (22) is fixedly installed in the window (2101) near the exhaust port (102).

9. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding rack (2) includes a frame (201), which is located in the temperature control and water loss chamber (103). The frame (201) has multiple feeding chambers (202), and both sides of the feeding chamber (202) are open. An isolation net (203) is provided on the side of the feeding chamber (202) away from the air inlet (101).

10. The integrated device for controlled dehydration and sporangium release and collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) has an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (102) on its two opposite side walls. The air inlet (101) is connected to the temperature control and water loss chamber (103), and the air outlet (102) is connected to the spore collection chamber (104). A blower module (3) is provided at the air inlet (101).

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