A method of spinning a composite colored spun yarn that regulates the periodic structure of the antibacterial filament

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of composite color spun yarn spinning method of regulating antibacterial filament periodic structure, belong to textile technical field.This method includes: S1.preparing short fiber roving of different color characteristics and antibacterial finishing filament fiber bundle;S2.short fiber roving is stretched to form flat strip structure, and filament fiber bundle is fed into front roller composite at strip center point;S3.using oblique rotating shaft roller is contacted with filament bundle, and the horizontal angle α of its rotating shaft line, through roller rotation simultaneously changes composite position lateral offset δ (t) And feeding tension F (t);S4.to composite fiber bar is twisted T, and forms long filament bundle to form space helical strip form periodic exposure yarn.The application is periodically regulated by oblique rotating shaft roller, so that antibacterial filament forms controllable periodic exposure structure in yarn, both guarantees high efficient and durable antibacterial property, and avoids the influence of antibacterial agent on color spun short fiber spinnability and color stability.The method process is compatible, structure regulation is flexible, and the yarn prepared is excellent in antibacterial effect, bright in color, good in washing resistance, and suitable for the industrial production of various functional color spun yarn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spinning engineering in the textile industry, and specifically relates to a method for spinning composite colored yarns that regulates the periodic structure of antibacterial filaments. Background Technology

[0002] Colored yarn refers to yarn with a specific color produced by first dyeing the fiber raw materials and then mixing them with loose fibers, slivers, rovings, and fine yarns. Compared with the traditional "spinning first and then dyeing" process, colored yarn has advantages such as natural colors, strong hazy effect, high color fastness, short production process, and less environmental pollution. It is widely used in high-end knitted and woven garments and home textile products.

[0003] With increasing health awareness, consumer demand for functional textiles is constantly growing, making the application of antibacterial properties to yarn-dyed fabrics an important development direction for the industry. Antibacterial yarns can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms on the surface of textiles, reducing the risk of cross-infection and enhancing the added value and market competitiveness of products.

[0004] The existing technologies for preparing antibacterial colored yarns are mainly divided into the following two categories: (1) Fiber modification method: antibacterial fibers are prepared by adding antibacterial agents (such as silver ions, zinc ions, chitosan, etc.) to the spinning solution, and then blended with colored fibers. This method has a long-lasting antibacterial effect, but how to make the antibacterial fibers evenly distributed in the yarn is a common problem faced by this type of yarn. (2) Finishing method: after the colored yarn or fabric is formed, antibacterial finishing agents are applied by impregnation, spraying, etc. This method is simple, but the antibacterial agent mainly adheres to the fiber surface, has poor washability, and the antibacterial effect is difficult to last. It may also introduce harmful auxiliaries such as formaldehyde, affecting product safety. Therefore, developing a composite antibacterial colored yarn preparation method that can achieve efficient, long-lasting, and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties while maintaining excellent spinnability, color stability, and wearability has important practical application value and market prospects.

[0005] Currently, existing patents mainly focus on antibacterial treatment methods for fibers or yarns. For example, patent CN 103422207A describes an antibacterial spun yarn and its spinning process, which adds an antibacterial finishing agent during the loose fiber dyeing process to achieve the yarn's antibacterial function; patent CN 114381951A describes a method for preparing natural antibacterial yarn, natural antibacterial yarn, and fabric, which uses natural fabric dyes to dye the yarn to obtain natural antibacterial yarn; patent CN 112080832 describes a method for preparing flexible antibacterial yarn, which treats fibers with an antibacterial agent sol to obtain antibacterial yarn; and patent CN 119332505A describes a method for preparing antibacterial yarn, which immerses fine yarn in a chain-aminolignin antibacterial solution to obtain antibacterial yarn. Unlike the above patents, this invention focuses on yarn structure control. By regulating the composite process of short yarns and antibacterial filament bundles in the spun yarn, a periodically structured antibacterial spun yarn is obtained, exhibiting good adaptability to various antibacterial fibers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for spinning composite colored yarns that regulates the periodic structure of antibacterial filaments. By regulating the yarn-forming process of composite antibacterial colored yarns, the problem of uniform distribution of antibacterial fibers in colored yarns is solved, thereby improving the antibacterial properties of colored yarns.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for spinning composite colored spun yarn with regulated periodic structure of antibacterial filaments, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0009] 1) Preparation of short-fiber rovings with different color characteristics and filament bundles with antibacterial finishing;

[0010] 2) The short-fiber roving is fed into the ring spinning machine and, after being drafted by the rollers, forms a flat ribbon structure. At the same time, the filament fiber bundle is directly fed into the front roller at the center point of the ribbon structure, where it is combined with the ribbon-shaped short fiber.

[0011] 3) An independent tilting rotating roller contacts the filament fiber bundle. The rotation axis of this tilting rotating roller makes an angle α with the horizontal direction and rotates at a speed n around a horizontal axis passing through its center. The effective working length L of the roller changes the lateral offset δ(t) of the composite position of the filament fiber bundle and the ribbon-like short fiber, and the feeding tension F(t) of the filament fiber bundle, through the rotation of the roller. Both δ(t) and F(t) are periodic functions, where δ(t) = A*L*cos(α)*sin(2*π*n*t) / 4, A is a correction coefficient of 0.8 to 1, and F(t) = 2*B*k* l *(√(m 2+1)-1), B is a correction factor of 0.8 to 1, k is the elastic coefficient of the filament fiber bundle, m=sin(α)*sin(2*π*n*t) / 4;

[0012] 4) Apply twist T to the composite fiber strip obtained in step S3 to form a filament fiber bundle that is periodically exposed to the surface in the form of a spatial spiral band. The exposure period is Λ = 60 * v / n, where v is the linear speed of the front roller.

[0013] The inventors have discovered that when the geometric parameters, motion parameters, and twisting process of the tilting rotating roller satisfy the aforementioned relationship, the antibacterial filaments are not simply exposed intermittently, but rather form a continuous spiral exposed band. This structure ensures that the antibacterial components are fully exposed to the external environment, and due to the continuous anchoring effect of the spiral band, the washability is improved by more than 50% compared to point-like exposure.

[0014] Preferably, the short fiber roving in step 1) is obtained by dyeing loose fibers and then processing them through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1), the amount of short fiber roving is 4.0-10.0 g / 10m, and the amount of long filament fiber bundle is 1-20% of the amount of short fiber roving.

[0016] Preferably, the antibacterial finishing method for the filament bundles in step 1) is one or more of the following finishing processes: bulk blending / co-extrusion, chemical grafting, sol-gel, cross-linking coating, microcapsule assembly, direct loading of nanoparticles, and impregnation.

[0017] Preferably, the roller stretching ratio in step 2) is 10-100 times.

[0018] Preferably, the angle α between the tilting rotating shaft roller and the horizontal direction in step 3) is 5-45°.

[0019] Preferably, the effective working length L of the tilting rotary shaft roller in step 3) is 10-50 mm, and the diameter is 10-50% of the roller length.

[0020] Preferably, the rotational speed of the tilting rotating shaft roller in step 3) is 100-1000 rpm.

[0021] Preferably, the yarn twist in step 4) is 200-1300 twists / meter, and the yarn linear density is greater than 5 tex.

[0022] Preferably, in the method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments, the exposure period Λ of the filament fiber bundles on the yarn surface in the antibacterial yarn is controlled by adjusting the included angle α and the rotational speed n of the inclined rotating shaft roller.

[0023] Preferably, the antibacterial yarn prepared by the method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments comprises a colored spun staple fiber body and an antibacterial filament bundle. The antibacterial filament bundle is distributed in a periodic spiral band along the axial direction inside the yarn, and the part exposed on the yarn surface forms spiral stripes with a width of W and a spacing of Λ along the yarn axial direction.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention:

[0025] Innovative Structure for Long-Lasting and Highly Effective Antibacterial Performance: This invention combines antibacterial-treated filament bundles with dyed staple fibers in a ring spinning machine. The tilting rotating rollers allow for periodic control of the filament bundles' composite position and tension, resulting in a "periodic exposure" structure in the final yarn of the antibacterial filaments. This structure ensures sufficient contact between the antibacterial components and microorganisms on the yarn surface for highly effective antibacterial action. Furthermore, the core anchoring effect of the filaments enhances the wash resistance of the antibacterial components, achieving a long-lasting antibacterial effect.

[0026] Optimized process for superior spinnability and color stability: This invention concentrates antibacterial function on the filament fiber bundle, avoiding problems such as decreased spinnability and color alteration caused by directly adding antibacterial agents to dyed staple fibers. The filament fiber bundle is fed into the center of the flat, ribbon-like staple fiber, combined with an independently controlled tilting rotating roller, effectively reducing fly waste and yarn breakage during the compounding process and improving spinning stability. Simultaneously, the dominant position of the dyed staple fiber ensures rich yarn colors and high color fastness, achieving a synergistic unity between antibacterial function and color expression.

[0027] Adjustable exposure period and strong adaptability: This invention allows for flexible control of the exposure period and distribution density of antibacterial filaments on the yarn surface by adjusting parameters such as the rotation speed and tilt angle of the tilting roller. Customized yarn structure design can be achieved to meet the differentiated needs for antibacterial grade, hand feel, and durability for different applications (such as underwear, sportswear, and home textiles), thus broadening the product's application range.

[0028] High degree of process integration and easy industrialization: This invention is based on the existing ring spinning machine with partial modifications, adding an independent inclined rotating shaft roller device, which can realize the composite spinning of short fiber roving and antibacterial filament. The process route is simple, has good compatibility with the traditional colored yarn spinning production process, and has low equipment modification costs, making it easy to promote and apply in existing spinning enterprises.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined rotating shaft roller device used in the method for spinning composite antibacterial colored yarn according to the present invention. (See attached figure for details) Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for explaining this invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made based on the principles of this invention fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] Example 1: A method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments is provided, the specific steps of which are as follows.

[0032] S1 Raw Material Preparation: Short Fiber Roving: Cotton fibers are selected, dyed in loose fibers (red), and then sequentially processed through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving to obtain short fiber roving with a basis weight of 6.0 g / 10m. Filament Fiber Bundle: Polyester filaments are selected and treated with a silver ion antibacterial finishing agent via impregnation to obtain antibacterial filament fiber bundles with a basis weight of 2% of the short fiber roving, i.e., 0.12 g / 10m.

[0033] S2 Composite Feeding: The above-mentioned short-fiber roving is fed into a ring spinning machine and drafted by rollers to form a flat ribbon structure with a draft ratio of 40. At the same time, the antibacterial filament fiber bundle is directly fed into the front roller at the center point of the ribbon short fiber to combine with the ribbon short fiber.

[0034] S3 Periodic Control: An independent tilting rotating roller contacts the filament fiber bundle. This tilting rotating roller has an angle of 15° with the horizontal direction, a length of 30 mm, and a diameter of 8 mm (approximately 27% of its length). The rotational speed n is set to 400 rpm. Through the periodic oscillation of this roller, the lateral offset δ(t) between the filament fiber bundle and the ribbon-like short fibers is adjusted simultaneously, and the tension F(t) of the pre-composite filament fiber bundle is also adjusted synchronously. Where δ(t) = A*L*cos(α)*sin(2*π*n*t) / 4, F(t) = 2*B*k*l*(√(m2+1)-1), and the correction coefficients A and B are both within the range of 0.9.

[0035] S4 twisting yarn: A twist of T=800 twists / meter is applied to the composite fiber sliver, and the front roller linear speed v=0.4 m / s, forming a fine yarn with a linear density of 28 tex. According to the calculation based on Λ = 60*v / n, the theoretical exposure period of the antibacterial filament Λ=60*0.4 / 400=0.06 m=6 cm.

[0036] The composite antibacterial spun yarn prepared in this embodiment has uniform distribution of antibacterial filaments, a compact yarn structure, a smooth surface, and vibrant red short fibers. Tests showed that the inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli both reached over 95%, and the inhibition rate remained above 85% after 50 standard washes, demonstrating excellent antibacterial durability.

[0037] Example 2: The main difference from Example 1 lies in the adjustment of process parameters and the different antibacterial finishing methods, as detailed below.

[0038] S1. Raw Material Preparation: Staple roving: Viscose fiber is selected, dyed in loose fibers (blue), and then processed through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving to obtain staple roving with a basis weight of 4.0 g / 10m. Filament fiber bundle: Nylon filament is selected, and antibacterial treatment is carried out using chitosan antibacterial agent through chemical grafting to obtain antibacterial filament fiber bundle with a basis weight of 5% of the staple roving, i.e., 0.2 g / 10m.

[0039] S2. Compound feeding: The draw ratio is set to 30 times, and other operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] S3. Periodic adjustment: The angle between the tilting rotary shaft roller and the horizontal direction is 30°, the length is 20 mm, the diameter is 4 mm (approximately 20% of the length), the speed is set to 600 rpm, and the correction coefficients A and B are both 0.95.

[0041] S4. Twisting into yarn: Apply a twist of T=1000 twists / meter to the composite fiber sliver and a front roller linear speed of v=0.3 m / s to form a fine yarn with a linear density of 34 tex. According to the calculation based on Λ = 60*v / n, the theoretical exposure period of the antibacterial filament is Λ=60*0.3 / 600=0.03 m=3 cm.

[0042] The composite antibacterial spun yarn prepared in this embodiment has a soft hand feel, and the antibacterial filaments are distributed in a regular spiral pattern on the yarn surface. Testing showed that the antibacterial rate against Candida albicans reached over 90%, and the yarn's breaking strength was approximately 8% higher than that of ordinary spun yarn of the same specification, demonstrating a good synergistic effect between antibacterial and mechanical properties.

[0043] Example 3: This example further demonstrates an implementation method with a large difference in the ratio of short fiber roving to long fiber bundle, as well as an antibacterial finishing method using nanoparticle loading.

[0044] S1. Raw Material Preparation: Short-fiber roving: Wool fibers are selected, dyed in loose fibers (gray), and then processed through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving to obtain short-fiber roving with a basis weight of 10.0 g / 10m. Filament fiber bundles: Polypropylene filaments are selected, and antibacterial filament fiber bundles are prepared by bulk blending with nano-zinc oxide particles, with a basis weight of 5% of the short-fiber roving, i.e., 0.5 g / 10m.

[0045] S2. Compound feeding: The draw ratio is set to 20 times, and other operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0046] S3. Periodic adjustment: The angle between the tilting rotary shaft roller and the horizontal direction is 5°, the length is 45mm, the diameter is 20mm (approximately 44% of the length), the speed is set to 400rpm, and the correction coefficients A and B are both 0.85.

[0047] S4. Twisting into yarn: Apply a twist of T=500 twists / meter to the composite fiber sliver and a front roller linear speed of v=0.65 m / s to form a coarse-count fine yarn with a linear density of 100 tex. According to the calculation Λ = 60*v / n, the theoretical exposure period of the antibacterial filament Λ=60*0.65 / 200=0.975 m=9.75 cm.

[0048] The composite antibacterial yarn prepared in this embodiment has good fluffiness and warmth, making it suitable for home textile fabrics. The antibacterial filaments are exposed on the surface with a relatively wide spacing, ensuring the antibacterial effect while preserving the natural hand feel of the blended short fibers to the greatest extent. Testing showed that this yarn has a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on a variety of common environmental microorganisms, and its antibacterial activity did not significantly decrease after 30 washes.

[0049] Example 4: In this example, a variety of antibacterial finishing composite methods are used to prepare filament fiber bundles, and a large tilt angle and high rotation speed are combined to achieve a high-frequency antibacterial exposure structure.

[0050] S1. Raw Material Preparation: Short-fiber roving: Polyester and cotton blended fibers (50:50 ratio) are selected, dyed in loose fibers (green), and then processed through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving to obtain short-fiber roving with a basis weight of 5.0 g / 10m. Filament fiber bundle: Polyester filaments are selected and antibacterial finishing is carried out using a combination of "sol-gel method for loading nano-silver" and "microcapsule assembly for loading plant antibacterial agents" to achieve broad-spectrum synergistic antibacterial effect, with a basis weight of 1% of the short-fiber roving, i.e., 0.05 g / 10m.

[0051] S2. Compound feeding: The draw ratio is set to 80 times, and other operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0052] S3. Periodic adjustment: The angle between the tilting rotary shaft roller and the horizontal direction is 40°, the length is 15mm, the diameter is 6mm (approximately 40% of the length), the speed is set to 900rpm, and the correction coefficients A and B are both 0.85.

[0053] S4. Twisting into yarn: Apply a twist of T=1200 twists / meter to the composite fiber sliver and a front roller linear speed of v=0.27 m / s to form a fine yarn with a linear density of 12 tex. According to the calculation of Λ = 60*v / n, the theoretical exposure period of the antibacterial filament is Λ=60*0.27 / 900=0.018 m=1.8 cm.

[0054] The composite antibacterial spun yarn prepared in this embodiment has a dense structure, with antibacterial filaments exposed on the yarn surface at a high frequency, forming a "micro-spiral" distribution characteristic. Due to the synergistic effect of multiple antibacterial mechanisms, this yarn exhibits excellent inhibitory effects against both bacteria and fungi, with an antibacterial rate exceeding 99%. Simultaneously, the high-frequency exposure structure allows it to achieve a rapid antibacterial response even with low antibacterial agent dosages, making it particularly suitable for intimate apparel and sports functional fabrics.

[0055] The above four embodiments successfully prepared composite antibacterial yarns with periodic antibacterial filament exposure structures under different fiber raw materials, short fiber roving weight, filament ratio, antibacterial finishing method, draft ratio, tilting rotating roller parameters (angle, size, speed) and yarn twist.

[0056] The method for spinning composite antibacterial colored yarn provided by this invention has the advantages of strong process adaptability, controllable structure, excellent antibacterial properties, and good spinnability. It is suitable for the production of various fiber combinations and yarns of different specifications, and has good industrialization and promotion value.

Claims

1. A method for spinning composite colored spun yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. To prepare short-fiber rovings with different color characteristics and filament bundles with antibacterial finishing; S2. The short fiber roving is fed into the ring spinning machine and formed into a flat ribbon structure after being drafted by the rollers. At the same time, the long filament fiber bundle is directly fed into the front roller at the center point of the ribbon structure and combined with the ribbon short fiber. S3. An independent tilting rotating shaft roller contacts the filament fiber bundle. The rotation axis of this tilting rotating shaft roller makes an angle α with the horizontal direction and rotates at a speed n around a horizontal axis passing through its center. The effective working length L of the roller changes the lateral offset δ(t) of the composite position of the filament fiber bundle and the ribbon-like short fiber, and the feeding tension F(t) of the filament fiber bundle, through the rotation of the roller. Both δ(t) and F(t) are periodic functions, where δ(t) = A*L*cos(α)*sin(2*π*n*t) / 4, A is a correction coefficient of 0.8 to 1, and F(t) = 2*B*k* l *(√(m 2 +1)-1), B is a correction factor of 0.8 to 1, k is the elastic coefficient of the filament fiber bundle, m=sin(α)*sin(2*π*n*t) / 4; S4. Apply twist T to the composite fiber strip obtained in step S3 to form a filament fiber bundle that is periodically exposed to the surface in the form of a spatial spiral band. The exposure period is Λ = 60*v / n, where v is the linear speed of the front roller.

2. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-fiber roving described in S1 is made by dyeing loose fibers and then processing them through opening and cleaning, carding, first drawing, second drawing, and roving.

3. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basis weight of the short fiber roving described in S1 is 4.0-10.0 g / 10m, and the basis weight of the filament fiber bundle is 1-20% of that of the short fiber roving.

4. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antibacterial finishing method for the filament bundles described in S1 is one or more of the following finishing processes: bulk blending / co-extrusion, chemical grafting, sol-gel, cross-linking coating, microcapsule assembly, direct loading of nanoparticles, and impregnation.

5. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller draw ratio described in S2 is 10-100 times.

6. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle α between the inclined rotating shaft roller described in S3 and the horizontal direction is 5-45°.

7. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective working length L of the tilting rotary shaft roller described in S3 is 10-50 mm, and the diameter is 10-50% of the roller length.

8. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tilting rotary shaft roller speed described in S3 is 100-1000 rpm.

9. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yarn twist specified in S4 is 200-1300 twists / meter, and the yarn linear density is greater than 5 tex.

10. The method for spinning composite colored yarn with controlled periodic structure of antibacterial filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exposure period Λ of the antibacterial treated filament fiber bundles on the yarn surface is controlled by adjusting the included angle α and the rotational speed n of the tilting rotating roller.

11. A composite antibacterial spun yarn, characterized in that, The yarn is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the yarn comprises a colored spun staple fiber body and an antibacterial filament bundle, the antibacterial filament bundle being distributed in a periodic spiral band along the axial direction inside the yarn, and the portion of the antibacterial filament bundle exposed on the yarn surface forming spiral stripes with a width of W and a spacing of Λ along the yarn axial direction.

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