Method for one-step dyeing of protein fibers

Abstract

The application discloses a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers, and relates to the technical field of protein fiber dyeing and finishing. At present, there are three high and three many problems in the dyeing and finishing process of protein fibers, including high temperature, high acid and alkali utilization rate, high cost, many raw materials, many steps and many wastes (liquids). The application provides a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers, which comprises the following steps: configuring a natural alkali sugar-based deep eutectic solvent; placing a protein-based material in the natural alkali sugar-based deep eutectic solvent to prepare a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing two-in-one solvent; and placing protein fibers in the non-aqueous dyeing and finishing two-in-one solvent to perform one-step dyeing and finishing. The method has the advantages of uniform dyeing, high controllability, better effect and the like, and the obtained dyeing and finishing agent can be carried, has high operability, and can also complete the waste recovery process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protein fiber dyeing and finishing technology, and specifically to a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to synthetic fibers such as polyester, protein fibers, represented by wool, have significantly better human affinity, breathability, moisture permeability, and warmth retention, and are also environmentally friendly due to their renewability.

[0003] However, due to its natural structural characteristics, such as the scaly layer structure of wool, the dyeing and finishing process requires high temperatures, multiple solvents (using acids, alkalis, oxidants, etc.), multiple steps, and organic dyes and finishing agents to achieve the desired effect. This ultimately leads to the generation of large amounts of wastewater, waste gas, and solid waste, which may also remain on clothing products, greatly limiting the further application of protein fibers.

[0004] Furthermore, due to the rapid pace of clothing replacement, a large amount of fiber or clothing products are discarded. Since there is no suitable recycling method, incineration is commonly used for disposal, which generates smoke that causes significant environmental pollution and is also a huge waste of resources.

[0005] The current protein fiber dyeing and finishing process suffers from three highs and three many problems: high temperature, high acid and alkali utilization rate, high cost, and multiple raw materials, multiple steps, and multiple wastes (liquids).

[0006] Current technologies still only address the symptoms, not the root cause. For example, pre-treating wool fibers using chemical, physical, and biological methods, such as surface etching, increases their hydrophilicity and thus improves dyeing and finishing effects, but this doesn't actually solve the aforementioned problems of high humidity, high temperature, and high processing costs. Furthermore, currently developed environmentally friendly methods such as "oil-water dyeing systems" and "alcohol-water systems" still require large amounts of organic solvents and water, along with complex recycling procedures. While carbon dioxide methods avoid water use, they still require high pressure and low temperature to bring the solvent to a supercritical state to complete the dyeing process. Moreover, these methods only impart color to the fibers; subsequent finishing processes are still needed to achieve their functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers, which can solve the problems of high temperature, high humidity, and high nutrient content mentioned above.

[0008] This invention first utilizes a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent (liquid at room temperature or under heating conditions) to react with protein-based materials, including but not limited to waste human hair, wool, silk, and their products, to generate an intermediate product, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent-protein complex. This complex serves as a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent, enabling one-step dyeing of protein fibers and simultaneously imparting functionalities. During the reaction between the natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent and protein fibers such as wool, different colors and functionalities (such as antibacterial and UV resistance) can be imparted to the fibers by controlling the degree of reaction and solvent components (e.g., solvent raw materials, solid-liquid ratio, reaction parameters).

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers includes the following steps: Formulate a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent; A non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent was prepared by placing protein-based materials in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent. Protein fibers are placed in a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent for one-step dyeing and finishing.

[0010] Further, through the above technical solution: in the process of preparing the natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent, the natural alkali and natural sugar are mixed and heated to a transparent liquid state, and the molar ratio of natural alkali to natural sugar is 2:3-7:3, thus obtaining the natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent.

[0011] Furthermore, the natural alkali is at least one of choline, berberine, and betaine, according to the above technical solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the sugar obtained through the above technical solution is at least one of glucose, lactose, and fructose.

[0013] Further, using the above technical solutions, the protein-based material is placed in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent to prepare a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:1000, a temperature of 90-120℃, and a treatment time of 60-120 min.

[0014] Further, using the above technical solutions, the protein fibers are placed in a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent for a one-step dyeing and finishing process, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5-1:100, a temperature of 60-90℃, and a treatment time of 5-90 minutes.

[0015] A method for preparing a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent for protein fibers includes the following steps: Formulate a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent; A non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent was prepared by placing protein-based materials in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention first utilizes a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent (liquid at room temperature or under heating conditions) to react with protein-based materials, including but not limited to waste human hair, wool, silk, and their products, to generate an intermediate product, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent-protein complex. This complex serves as a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent, enabling one-step dyeing of protein fibers and simultaneously imparting functionalities. During the reaction between the natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent and protein fibers such as wool, different colors and functionalities (such as antibacterial and UV resistance) can be imparted to the fibers by controlling the degree of reaction and solvent components (e.g., solvent raw materials, solid-liquid ratio, reaction parameters).

[0017] This method does not require water, acid or alkali agents, dyes, or finishing agents. The natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent components used are all natural and renewable materials (vitamins and sugars), which can realize the reuse of waste protein materials and achieve an environmentally friendly one-step dyeing and finishing process for protein fibers.

[0018] Compared with the previously developed one-step dyeing and finishing method for wool fibers using choline chloride (quaternary ammonium salt) glycosyl, this method has advantages such as uniform dyeing, high controllability, and better results. Furthermore, the obtained dyeing and finishing agent is portable, highly operable, and can also complete the waste recycling process.

[0019] Compared to existing methods, this method not only meets the practical needs of dyeing and finishing but also has significant environmental friendliness. Specifically, the solvent preparation is simple; the solution is obtained by mixing and heating the two components, and it remains liquid at room temperature and is easy to store. Furthermore, the raw materials are all natural products. Compared to the choline-glucose eutectic one-step method for dyeing and finishing protein-based fibers, this method offers superior results and more uniform color. It also does not require acids, alkalis, or organic reagents, significantly improving its environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction process of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a picture of the wool before it was dyed.

[0022] Figure 3 Image showing the effect of dyeing wool. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] The inventors' research revealed that current protein fiber dyeing and finishing processes suffer from three major problems: high temperature, high acid-base utilization rate, high cost, and multiple raw materials, multiple steps, and multiple waste (liquids). Existing technologies still only address the symptoms, not the root cause. For example, using chemical, physical, and biological methods to pre-treat wool fibers—such as surface etching—to increase their hydrophilicity and thus improve dyeing and finishing effects, does not actually solve the aforementioned three major problems. Currently developed environmentally friendly methods, such as the "oil-water dyeing system" and "alcohol-water system," still require large amounts of organic solvents and water, and complex recycling procedures. While the carbon dioxide method avoids water use, it still requires high pressure and low temperature to bring the solvent to a supercritical state to complete the dyeing process. Furthermore, these methods only impart color to the fibers; subsequent finishing processes are still needed to achieve their functionality.

[0025] Based on the above findings, this application proposes a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers. First, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent (liquid at room temperature or under heating conditions) reacts with protein-based materials, including but not limited to waste human hair, wool, rabbit hair, silk, and their products, to generate an intermediate product, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent-protein complex. This complex serves as a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent. Then, the protein fibers can be dyed in one step, simultaneously imparting functionality. During the reaction between the natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent and protein fibers such as wool, different colors and functionalities (such as antibacterial and UV resistance) can be imparted to the fibers by controlling the degree of reaction and solvent components (such as solvent raw materials, solid-liquid ratio, and reaction parameters).

[0026] Example 1 See Figure 1-3 This application discloses a one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers, comprising the following steps: First, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent (liquid at room temperature or under heating conditions) is reacted with protein-based materials, including but not limited to waste human hair, wool, silk, and their products, to generate an intermediate product, a natural cucurbitacin-based eutectic solvent-protein complex, which serves as a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent. Then, a one-step method can be used to stain protein fibers and simultaneously impart functionality to them.

[0027] In the reaction process between natural alkaloid-based eutectic solvent and protein fibers such as wool, different colors and functionalities (such as antibacterial and UV resistance) can be imparted to the fibers by controlling the degree of reaction and solvent components (such as solvent raw materials, solid-liquid ratio, and reaction parameters).

[0028] The aforementioned natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent is prepared from natural alkali and natural sugar, wherein the natural alkali includes, but is not limited to, choline, berberine and betaine, and the sugar includes, but is not limited to, natural sugars such as glucose, lactose and fructose.

[0029] 1. Preparation of natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent: Using natural alkali and natural sugar as raw materials, with a molar ratio of natural alkali to natural sugar of 2:3-7:3, mix and heat until a transparent liquid is obtained, thus obtaining the natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent.

[0030] 2. Preparation of a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent: Taking wool fiber as an example, wool fiber is placed in a natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:1000, a temperature of 90-120℃, and a treatment time of 60-120 min to obtain a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent.

[0031] 3. One-step dyeing and finishing process: Taking wool fiber as an example, the wool fiber is placed in a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5-1:100, a temperature of 60-90℃, and a treatment time of 5-90 minutes to complete the dyeing and finishing process.

[0032] Keratin can be recovered according to the specific circumstances, using methods such as freeze-drying, alcohol precipitation, salting out, and membrane separation. Membrane separation is the most recommended and widely accepted method because it allows for the separation of protein and recovery of solvent through simple membrane filtration.

[0033] Example 2 Wool fiber dyeing and finishing processes are performed using natural alkali-based eutectic solvents, such as... Figure 2-3 As shown, the specific operation steps are as follows: 1. Mix 20g of choline and 18g of glucose, and heat at 75°C until a solution is obtained, thus obtaining a natural eutectic solvent for choline sugar.

[0034] 2. Place 1g of waste wool fiber in freshly prepared natural alkaline sugar eutectic solvent and treat at 100℃ for 90 minutes to obtain a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent.

[0035] 3. Place 3g of raw wool in the non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent of step 2 and treat at 80°C for 80 minutes.

[0036] 4. The K / S value of the fiber was obtained by testing with a Datacolor 850 colorimeter in step 3. The measured K / S value was 12.1, indicating that this method can achieve better dyeing effect. Compared with the natural quaternary ammonium glycosyl method, the K / S value is higher and the uniformity is better.

[0037] 5. The ultraviolet protection performance of the fiber was tested using a textile ultraviolet protection performance tester in step 2. The measured UPF>40, which meets the requirements for ultraviolet-resistant textiles.

[0038] 6. The antibacterial properties of the fiber were tested using the vibration method in step 2 of GB / T 20944.3—2008. The antibacterial rate reached over 99%, which met the national standard for evaluating the antibacterial properties of textiles.

[0039] Example 3 The specific steps for dyeing and finishing rabbit hair fibers using a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent are as follows: 1. Mix 22.4g of betaine and 34g of lactose, and heat at 80℃ until a solution is obtained, thus obtaining a natural eutectic solvent for betaine sugar.

[0040] 2. Place 1g of rabbit hair fiber in freshly prepared natural alkali sugar eutectic solvent and treat at 110℃ for 100 minutes to obtain a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent.

[0041] 3. Place 3g of raw rabbit hair in the non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent from step 2 and treat at 70°C for 60 minutes.

[0042] The K / S value of the fiber was obtained by testing step 2 using a Datacolor 850 colorimeter. The measured K / S value was 11.5, indicating that this method can achieve better dyeing results and has a higher K / S value and better uniformity compared with the natural quaternary ammonium glycosyl method. The existing natural quaternary ammonium glycosyl method mainly involves: 1. preparing a natural quaternary ammonium glycosyl eutectic solvent; 2. adding wool or other protein fibers to the solvent for direct reaction and color generation, resulting in a K / S value of 8.4. To achieve the same K / S, the natural quaternary ammonium glycosyl method requires more sugar (56g).

[0043] 4. The ultraviolet protection performance of the fiber was tested using a textile ultraviolet protection performance tester in step 2. The measured UPF>40 met the requirements for ultraviolet-resistant textiles.

[0044] 5. The antibacterial properties of the fiber were tested using the vibration method in step 2 according to GB / T 20944.3—2008. The antibacterial rate reached over 99%, which met the national standard for evaluating the antibacterial properties of textiles.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A one-step dyeing and finishing method for protein fibers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Formulate a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent; A non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent was prepared by placing protein-based materials in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent. Protein fibers are placed in a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent for one-step dyeing and finishing.

2. The method for one-step dyeing and finishing of protein fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of preparing a natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent, the molar ratio of natural alkali to natural sugar is 2:3-7:

3. The natural alkali and natural sugar are mixed and heated until they become a transparent liquid to obtain the natural alkali-sugar-based eutectic solvent.

3. The method for one-step dyeing and finishing of protein fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that: Natural alkalis include, but are not limited to, at least one of choline, berberine, and betaine.

4. The method for one-step dyeing and finishing of protein fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: Sugars include, but are not limited to, at least one of glucose, lactose, and fructose.

5. The method for one-step dyeing and finishing of protein fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of preparing a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent by placing protein-based materials in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:10-1:1000, the temperature is 90-120℃, and the treatment time is 60-120min.

6. The method for one-step dyeing and finishing of protein fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that: Protein fibers are placed in a non-aqueous dyeing and finishing solvent for a one-step dyeing and finishing process. The solid-liquid ratio is 1:5-1:100, the temperature is 60-90℃, and the treatment time is 5-90 minutes.

7. A method for preparing a non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent for protein fibers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Formulate a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent; A non-aqueous staining and finishing solvent was prepared by placing protein-based materials in a natural alkali-based eutectic solvent.

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