Road-specific electric rinsing vehicle and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of road cleaning equipment, and discloses a special electric washing car for road and a method thereof, which comprises a rack installed on a vehicle chassis, a control box installed on the rack, a plurality of water storage tanks, gas path elements and hydraulic elements, a spraying and washing mechanism installed below the rack, and a power controller installed below the co-driver position of the vehicle; the control box is internally provided with a frequency conversion motor, a high-pressure water pump and an air pump, and is externally provided with a power supply master switch, a spraying and washing mechanism telescopic switch and a parameter adjusting knob; each spraying and washing mechanism comprises, from top to bottom, a mounting portion, a mounting bracket and a spraying and washing frame connected in sequence, and a first connecting rod and an air pressure telescopic rod connected between the mounting bracket and the spraying and washing frame; the air pressure telescopic rod drives the spraying and washing frame to extend or retract relative to the rack; and the bottom of the spraying and washing frame is provided with a plurality of nozzles. The present application realizes environmental protection cleaning powered by electric energy, achieves the purposes of water and energy saving and flexible operation through precise control of cleaning parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road cleaning equipment technology, specifically to a road-specific electric washing vehicle and its method. Background Technology

[0002] Road markings are an important component of traffic organization and safety facilities. According to GB 5768, road markings are divided into three main categories: indicative, prohibitory, and warning. Damage to road markings leads to a decrease in retroreflectivity, which significantly increases the risk of traffic accidents. Therefore, regularly cleaning road markings is a necessary measure to ensure safety, extend the lifespan of markings, and reduce the cost of repainting.

[0003] The following four common cleaning methods can be used for cleaning road markings: 1. Manual handheld spray gun cleaning is labor-intensive, inefficient, lacks personal safety guarantees, and results in inconsistent cleaning quality.

[0004] 2. Vehicle-mounted fixed spray washing: This method uses spray washing equipment fixed to the vehicle. It is highly dependent on the vehicle's mobility, and because it is fixed to the vehicle, the spray structure cannot be adaptively adjusted, and the washing width is not adjustable. Furthermore, because spray washing requires a large amount of water, and due to the limitations of the fixed vehicle structure, large or medium-sized vehicles are often required to manufacture specialized spray washing equipment to carry more water tanks. This results in high manufacturing costs, and the large size of the equipment only makes it suitable for relatively open road sections.

[0005] 3. Brush-sweeping cleaning truck: This is one of the most common methods. It uses a special brush to clean the marking lines on the ground as the cleaning truck travels. However, this type of brush-sweeping cleaning truck is relatively large and can generally only be used on wider streets. It is not suitable for narrower roads between residential areas. More importantly, this type of cleaning truck is expensive, and the brush-sweeping method can accelerate the wear and tear of the paint on the marking lines, cause secondary dust pollution, fail to remove oily stains, and pose a risk of icing in winter.

[0006] 4. High-temperature and high-pressure cleaning trucks use high-temperature and high-pressure hot water to clean road markings. This method also has disadvantages such as large size of the cleaning truck, high price, high fuel consumption, serious emissions pollution, and high noise.

[0007] In summary, for cleaning road markings, specialized cleaning vehicles are superior to other cleaning tools. However, current specialized cleaning vehicles generally have disadvantages such as large size, use of fuel engines, high energy consumption, high pollution, high noise, poor flexibility and maneuverability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a road-specific electric washing vehicle and its method to solve the problems of existing washing vehicles, which are mostly fuel-powered, resulting in high energy consumption, heavy pollution, high noise, inconvenient adjustment of washing parameters, and inability to achieve precise water-saving washing. The invention achieves environmentally friendly washing powered by electricity, and achieves water and energy saving and flexible operation by precisely controlling the washing parameters.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Option 1: A road-specific electric washing vehicle, comprising a frame mounted on a vehicle chassis, a control box mounted on the frame, multiple water tanks, air and hydraulic components, a spraying mechanism mounted below the frame, and a power controller mounted below the passenger seat. The control box contains a variable frequency motor, a high-pressure water pump, and an air pump. The control box also includes a main power switch, a spraying mechanism extension switch, and parameter adjustment knobs. The power supply is connected to the control box via an optimized circuit, which is the shortest straight path from the power supply to each electrical component. There are at least two spraying mechanisms, located on the left and right sides of the frame, which covers the chassis behind the driver's cab. Each spraying mechanism includes, from top to bottom, a mounting section, a mounting bracket, and a spray nozzle. The system includes a washing rack, a first connecting rod, and a pneumatic telescopic rod connecting the mounting bracket and the spray washing rack. The mounting bracket is vertically fixed to the bottom of the frame. The first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and is horizontal and vertical. The first connecting rod is hinged to the pneumatic telescopic rod, and the pneumatic telescopic rod is hinged to the top of the spray washing rack. The pneumatic telescopic rod drives the spray washing rack to extend or retract relative to the frame. The bottom of the spray washing rack is provided with multiple nozzles. The variable frequency motor is driven by the high-pressure water pump. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the water storage tank and nozzles through a high-pressure pipeline to pressurize the water in the water storage tank and spray it out from the nozzles to form a high-pressure jet of water. The air pump is coaxially arranged and driven by the motor to form an integrated drive unit for driving the pneumatic components, including the pneumatic telescopic rod, to work.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The frame and its connected components form a detachable vehicle-mounted spray washing device, which can be modified from existing electric vehicles. It can fully utilize the advantages of small electric vehicles and combine them with the advantages of the detachable vehicle-mounted spray washing device. By clearly defining the installation position, connection relationship and power transmission path of each component, a complete road marking cleaning system powered by electricity is formed. The power controller is located at the bottom of the driver's seat and connects to each electrical device through the shortest straight path, reducing the length of the line and resistance loss. The spray washing mechanism uses a pneumatic telescopic rod to drive the spray washing frame to extend or retract, realizing flexible adjustment of the cleaning operation position and automatic obstacle avoidance function.

[0011] Furthermore, the control box also includes a wireless remote control receiver module for controlling the start and stop of the variable frequency motor connected to the high-pressure water pump; the wireless remote control receiver module is electrically connected to the variable frequency motor and the spraying mechanism; the spraying mechanism also includes an electromagnetic reversing valve, which is mounted on the mounting bracket. The air inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the vehicle's air tank via an air pipe, and the two air outlets of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the pneumatic telescopic rod via air pipes; the road-specific electric washing vehicle is also equipped with a portable wireless remote control. The wireless remote control is equipped with an extension button for the spray washing mechanism and a retraction button for the spray washing mechanism. The portable wireless remote control establishes a connection with the wireless remote control receiving module through a wireless communication link, and is used to send an extension control signal or a retraction control signal to the wireless remote control receiving module. After receiving the extension control signal, the wireless remote control receiving module drives the variable frequency motor to start and controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the air path to the rodless chamber, so that the pneumatic telescopic rod extends. After receiving the retraction control signal, the wireless remote control receiving module controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the air path to the rod chamber, so that the pneumatic telescopic rod retracts.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By adding a wireless remote control receiver module and a portable wireless remote control, operators can remotely control the extension and retraction of the spraying mechanism from a location far from the vehicle (such as a safe area on the roadside), without having to operate the control box next to the vehicle, thus improving operational flexibility and personnel safety; especially in narrow road sections, areas with dense obstacles, or when the position of the spraying mechanism needs to be frequently adjusted, operators can get out of the vehicle to observe the relative position of the spraying mechanism and the markings, and adjust them in real time via the remote control, improving alignment accuracy and work efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the nozzle sprays vertically downwards towards the ground, and there are 2-5 nozzles.

[0014] Beneficial effects: It can clean the marking lines directly with high-pressure water jets, ensuring cleaning effectiveness while effectively reducing water consumption.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple water storage tanks are installed in the middle of the frame, and the control box is installed at the rear of the frame. The installation layout of the various components on the frame ensures that the center of gravity of the vehicle is within ±10% of the longitudinal centerline of the frame.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The centrally located water tank facilitates front and rear weight balance; the rear-mounted control box and power components facilitate operation and maintenance; and the power supply is placed under the driver's seat to lower the center of gravity. The low and centrally located center of gravity of the vehicle improves driving stability and handling safety, and prevents rollover or loss of control when making sharp turns or driving on slopes.

[0017] Furthermore, the connection lines between the power controller and the variable frequency motor, air pump motor and control box adopt the shortest path layout. The connection lines start from the power supply and extend along the longitudinal beam and cross beam of the frame to each electrical equipment in the shortest straight path. The cross-sectional area of ​​the line is selected according to the load current with a safety margin of 1.5 to 2.0 times. The line joints adopt copper lug crimping and waterproof insulation treatment.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By limiting the specific layout of the lines, the reduction ratio of the length, the selection principle of the cross-sectional area and the treatment of the joints, the line resistance and voltage drop are significantly reduced, and the line loss is reduced by 10% to 15%; the number of joints is reduced, the risk of poor contact, overheating and short circuit faults is reduced, and the reliability and safety of the electrical system are improved.

[0019] Furthermore, the parameter adjustment knob includes at least a first knob and a second knob. The first knob is used to adjust the speed of the variable frequency motor, and the adjustment range of the variable frequency motor speed is from 800 r / min to 1500 r / min. The scale range of the first knob corresponds linearly to the adjustment range of the variable frequency motor speed. The second knob is used to adjust the output pressure of the air pump, and the adjustment range of the output pressure is from 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa. The scale range of the second knob corresponds linearly to the adjustment range of the output pressure. The first knob and the second knob are independent of each other and are respectively connected to the frequency converter of the variable frequency motor and the pressure regulating valve of the air pump through control lines.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Two independent knobs adjust the speed of the variable frequency motor and the output pressure of the air pump respectively. The adjustment ranges are linearly corresponding and independent of each other, allowing operators to accurately match the cleaning parameters according to the actual degree of contamination of the markings. This avoids the instability of the cleaning effect caused by the linkage change of the other parameter when adjusting a single parameter. While ensuring the cleaning quality, it reduces water waste, with a comprehensive water saving rate of 25% to 40%.

[0021] Furthermore, the pneumatic extension rod in the spraying mechanism is equipped with an overflow valve in its pneumatic circuit. The opening pressure of the overflow valve is set to 0.5 MPa. When the spraying frame is subjected to an impact force from an obstacle that exceeds the opening pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve opens to release pressure, the rear end of the pneumatic extension rod is connected to the atmosphere for pressure release, and the pneumatic extension rod is passively retracted, causing the spraying frame to retract to the rear of the vehicle, thus achieving automatic obstacle avoidance. The pneumatic circuit of the pneumatic extension rod is also equipped with an electromagnetic reversing valve. The electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected to the extension switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box, and is used to receive control signals to switch the extension or retraction state of the pneumatic extension rod.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By limiting the specific opening pressure and pressure relief return path of the overflow valve, the spraying mechanism automatically and passively retracts when encountering obstacles, avoiding damage from rigid collisions; the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected to the extension / retraction switch of the spraying mechanism, realizing the electronic switching of the extension / retraction state of the spraying mechanism. Operators can flexibly control it according to the needs of the operation, improving the convenience of operation and the flexibility of the operation.

[0023] Furthermore, a horizontal rotating shaft and a torsion spring sleeved on the horizontal rotating shaft are connected between the spraying frame and the mounting bracket in the spraying mechanism. The two ends of the horizontal rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket and the spraying frame respectively through bearings. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the mounting bracket and the spraying frame respectively. When the pneumatic telescopic rod is fully extended, the torsion spring is in a natural state or a slightly pre-tightened state. When the pneumatic telescopic rod is passively retracted, the torsion spring is compressed and stores energy. After the obstacle passes, the torsion spring releases energy and pushes the spraying frame to reset and extend.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By limiting the specific structural composition, connection method and working state of the connecting rod, the spraying mechanism can automatically reset after obstacle avoidance and retraction without additional power, simplifying the control logic and hydraulic system design; the elastic restoring force provided by the torsion spring ensures rapid automatic reset, shortens the obstacle avoidance interruption time, and improves the continuity and efficiency of cleaning operations.

[0025] Option 2: A control method for a dedicated electric road washing vehicle, applied to any of the aforementioned dedicated electric road washing vehicles, comprising the following steps: S1: Turn on the main power switch. Send the extension control signal to the solenoid valve through the extension switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box. The solenoid valve switches the air path to extend the pneumatic extension rod, which pushes the spraying frame to rotate outward and extend the frame until the spraying mechanism reaches the working position. At this time, the nozzle is facing the road marking line. S2: The speed of the variable frequency motor is set by the first knob in the control box. The variable frequency motor drives the high-pressure water pump to work according to the set speed. The high-pressure water pump pressurizes the water in the water tank according to the set output pressure and sprays it out from the nozzle through the hydraulic pipeline to form a high-pressure water jet to clean the road markings. The output pressure of the air pump is set by the second knob to control the working pressure of the air pressure telescopic rod. S3: When the spray washing mechanism encounters an obstacle during travel, the spray washing frame contacts the obstacle. If the impact force exceeds the opening pressure of the overflow valve in the pneumatic circuit, the overflow valve opens to release pressure, and the pneumatic telescopic rod passively retracts. Under the combined action of the obstacle's thrust and the torsion spring in the connecting rod, the spray washing frame retracts to the rear of the vehicle, achieving automatic obstacle avoidance. After the obstacle passes, the external force acting on the spray washing frame disappears, the torsion spring releases its stored energy to push the spray washing frame to reset and extend, and the pneumatic telescopic rod extends synchronously. The spray washing mechanism returns to the working position and continues the cleaning operation. S4: After the cleaning operation is completed, the retraction control signal is sent to the solenoid reversing valve through the extension switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box. The solenoid reversing valve switches the air path to retract the air pressure extension rod, pulls the spraying frame to rotate inward and retracts it to the bottom of the frame, and the spraying mechanism is in the non-working position.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The complete process of the step-by-step control method is defined, clarifying the specific operation objects, control signal transmission paths and mechanical action processes of each step, realizing the full-process automated control of the spraying mechanism from preparation, operation, obstacle avoidance to completion; the operator only needs to issue control commands through switches and knobs, without intervening in the obstacle avoidance and reset process, making the operation simple, the operation continuous, and the equipment safe.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S2, the cleaning mode is selected based on the degree of contamination of the road markings: When the pollution level is light, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 800 r / min to 1000 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 10 MPa to 15 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 15 L / min in this mode. When the pollution level is moderate, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 1000 r / min to 1200 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 15 MPa to 18 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 17 L / min in this mode. When the pollution level is severe, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 1200 r / min to 1500 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 18 MPa to 20 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 20 L / min in this mode.

[0028] Beneficial effects: By limiting the specific combination of cleaning parameters (correspondence between motor speed, output pressure, and spray water volume) according to the degree of contamination, the cleaning parameters are precisely matched with the actual degree of contamination of the road markings. When the contamination is light, low speed and low pressure are used to avoid over-cleaning and waste, while high speed and high pressure are used when the contamination is heavy to ensure the cleaning effect. The overall water saving rate reaches 25% to 40%, while reducing the excessive impact of high-pressure water jets on the road marking coating and extending the service life of the road markings.

[0029] The principles and advantages of this scheme are: 1. Existing electric vehicles can be directly modified to replace fuel with electricity, optimize the wiring layout to reduce losses, use dual knobs to precisely control cleaning parameters, and have a retractable obstacle avoidance spraying mechanism to improve safety. This system overcomes existing defects such as outdated power sources, coarse cleaning parameters, and unreasonable wiring layout.

[0030] 2. Dual knobs for precise water saving; motor speed adjustable from 800-1500 r / min; pressure adjustable from 10-20 MPa; effectively improving overall water-saving capabilities.

[0031] 3. Automatic obstacle avoidance: Through the setting of overflow valve and torsion spring, passive retraction and automatic reset are achieved, effectively reducing the equipment damage rate.

[0032] 4. The compact layout ensures a stable center of gravity. Through the reasonable arrangement of various components on the frame, the center of gravity is located within ±10% of the longitudinal centerline, ensuring stable and safe operation.

[0033] 5. The spraying mechanism is retractable and highly flexible. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric road washing vehicle of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted spray washing device of the road-specific electric washing vehicle of the present invention after removing the vehicle structure.

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional image.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another structural diagram shows the control box with its back panel removed, revealing the high-pressure air pump and motor installed inside.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the frame and the two spray washing mechanisms in this invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spray washing mechanism in this invention.

[0040] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: frame 1, control box 2, water tank 3, spray washing mechanism 4, outer casing 5, vehicle 6, sign 7, air pump 8, variable frequency motor 9, upper mounting plate 41, lower mounting plate 42, mounting bracket 43, spray washing frame 44, nozzle 45, first connecting rod 46, pneumatic telescopic rod 47, and second connecting rod 48. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: like Figure 1 As shown, the road-specific electric washing vehicle of the present invention can be adapted to most existing vehicles 6 by customizing its size, especially for small-sized electric vehicles 6 (electric tricycles, electric four-wheeled trucks). Utilizing existing vehicle structures (mainly the cab and chassis, drive system, and body structure), it can... Figure 2 and Figure 3The vehicle-mounted spray washing device shown is fixedly connected to the vehicle 6. Then, an openable outer shell 5 is installed on the outside of the vehicle-mounted spray washing device, which can be used to complete the conversion of the road-specific electric washing vehicle of the present invention using an existing electric vehicle 6.

[0042] The modified electric road washing vehicle, such as Figure 1 As shown, behind the cab of vehicle 6, above the rear tires, is a frame 1 fixedly connected to vehicle 6. Above the frame 1 is a protective outer shell 5, and below the frame 1 is a spray washing mechanism 4. From Figures 2 to 5 As can be seen, there are two spray washing mechanisms 4, located on the left and right sides of the vehicle 6, respectively. When not in use, the spray washing mechanisms 4 are retracted under the frame 1. When in use, the spray washing mechanisms 4 extend to the left and right respectively, allowing them to extend horizontally outwards. This compact design allows them to reach even narrow spaces without needing to utilize the vehicle body structure formed by the frame 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, on the frame 1, inside the outer casing 5, there is a control box 2 for controlling the operation of the spray washing mechanism 4, multiple water tanks 3 for connecting to the spray washing mechanism 4, and an indicator 7 for displaying the overall circuit connection status of the vehicle spray washing device. The control box 2, water tanks 3, and indicator 7 are arranged sequentially near the driver's cab of the vehicle 6.

[0043] The water storage tank 3 preferably consists of two high-strength plastic water tanks arranged sequentially, each with a screw-on lid at the top. A circulation pipe is connected by perforating the lid and adding a sealing gasket.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the front of control box 2, which is the right side of the road-specific electric washing vehicle, has a switch panel and an adjustment panel for manual operation located at the rear of the washing vehicle. Figure 4 As shown, on the back of control box 2, i.e., the left side of the road-specific electric washing vehicle, open the back panel of control box 2. Inside control box 2 are installed a variable frequency motor 9, a high-pressure water pump, and an air pump 8. Air pump 8 is connected to the air pressure circuit, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the pneumatic circuit is connected to the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 on the spraying mechanism 4. The high-pressure water pump and the hydraulic circulation pipeline are connected, and the hydraulic circulation pipeline is connected to the water storage tank 3 and the nozzle 45 in the spraying mechanism 4 respectively. The switch panel on the control box 2 is equipped with a main power switch and a telescopic switch for the spraying mechanism 4, and the adjustment panel is equipped with multiple parameter adjustment knobs.

[0045] The parameter adjustment knobs include a first knob, a second knob, and a third knob. The first knob is used to adjust the speed of the variable frequency motor 9, and the speed adjustment range of the variable frequency motor 9 is 800 r / min to 1500 r / min. The scale range of the first knob corresponds linearly to the speed adjustment range of the motor 9. The second knob is used to adjust the output pressure of the air pump 8, and the output pressure adjustment range is 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa. The third knob is used to adjust the output pressure of the high-pressure water pump, and the output pressure adjustment range is 10 MPa to 20 MPa. The scale ranges of the second and third knobs correspond linearly to their respective output pressure adjustment ranges. The first, second, and third knobs are independent of each other and are respectively connected to the frequency converter of the variable frequency motor 9, the pressure regulating valve of the air pump, and the pressure regulating valve of the high-pressure water pump through control circuits. Three independent knobs adjust the speed of motor 9, the output pressure of air pump 8, and the output pressure of high-pressure water pump respectively. The adjustment ranges are linearly corresponding and independent of each other, allowing operators to accurately match cleaning parameters according to the actual degree of contamination of the markings. This avoids unstable cleaning results caused by the linkage change of another parameter when adjusting a single parameter, and reduces water waste while ensuring cleaning quality, with a comprehensive water saving rate of 25% to 40%.

[0046] The power supply for the entire vehicle-mounted spray washing system is installed below the passenger seat in the driver's cab of vehicle 6 to save space. It connects to the variable frequency motor 9, the air pump 8, the high-pressure water pump, and the control box 2 via optimized wiring. This optimized wiring follows the shortest straight path from the power supply to each piece of equipment. The connecting lines (omitted in the attached diagram) extend from the power supply along the longitudinal and transverse beams of frame 1 to each piece of equipment via the shortest straight path. The total length of the wiring is reduced by 30% to 40% compared to traditional distributed wiring. The cross-sectional area of ​​the wiring is selected with a safety margin of 1.5 to 2.0 times the load current. The wiring joints use copper lugs for crimping and waterproof insulation. By defining the specific wiring layout, the reduction in length, the selection principle for cross-sectional area, and the joint treatment method, the wiring resistance and voltage drop are significantly reduced, and the line loss is reduced by 10% to 15%. This also reduces the number of joints, lowers the risk of poor contact, overheating, and short circuits, and improves the reliability and safety of the electrical system.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, the frame 1 of this invention has a frame structure. Except for the area where the control box 2 is installed, which has a connecting plate, the remaining areas are hollow structures formed by welding multiple horizontally and vertically arranged connecting strips. This ensures the stability of the frame 1 while greatly reducing its weight. Furthermore, the various structures on the frame 1 are arranged in the most reasonable layout. The final water tank 3 is installed on the frame 1 near the cab, with one of the water tanks 3 located at the center of the frame 1. The control box 2 is located at the rear of the frame 1, away from the cab. The high-pressure water pump, air pump 8, and motor 9 inside the control box 2 are also arranged sequentially on the central axis of the frame 1, aligned with the direction of travel of the vehicle 6. This overall design reduces the load on the vehicle 6, increases its range, and makes the entire vehicle more stable.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the spray washing mechanism 4 includes, from top to bottom, a mounting part, a mounting bracket 43 and a spray washing frame 44, as well as a first connecting rod 46 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 47 connecting the mounting bracket 43 and the spray washing frame 44.

[0049] The mounting section is used to connect with the frame 1. The mounting section includes an upper mounting plate 41 and a lower mounting plate 42 arranged opposite each other, with corresponding mounting holes between the two mounting plates for bolt connection. Figure 5 As shown, during installation, the upper mounting plate 41 is placed on the connecting strip of the frame 1, and the lower mounting plate 42 is placed below the connecting strip. Then, the upper mounting plate 41 and the lower mounting plate 42 are connected together by bolts passing through the mounting holes on both sides of the connecting strip, so that the entire mounting part can be firmly hung on the connecting strip to complete the installation of the spray washing mechanism 4 and the frame 1.

[0050] Mounting bracket 43 includes two vertically arranged support rods welded to the bottom surface of lower mounting plate 42. Each support rod is connected to the lower mounting plate 42 by a vertical reinforcing rib. The included angle between the vertical reinforcing rib and the support rod is in the range of 40°-50°, and 45° is usually selected.

[0051] The spray frame 44 includes multiple nozzles 45 for downward spraying of road markings; typically, 2-6 nozzles can be installed. Figure 6There are two spray washing frames 44, which also include a long strip spray washing plate for mounting and installing nozzles 45. The two ends of the spray washing plate are connected to a spray washing frame. The spray washing frame has a vertically extending protrusion that is vertically hinged to one end of a pneumatic telescopic rod 47 in the vertical direction. The other end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is hinged to a horizontally arranged first connecting rod 46. The first connecting rod 46 is welded to the support rod closest to the frame 1 in the horizontal direction. At the same time, a transverse reinforcing rib is welded between the other support rod away from the frame 1 and the first connecting rod 46. The included angle between the transverse reinforcing rib and the first connecting rod 46 is in the range of 30°-60°, preferably 30°.

[0052] Within the spray washing frame, a transverse protrusion is welded to the bottom of the vertical protrusion below it. The end of the transverse protrusion is hinged to a second connecting rod 48, which is welded to the bottom of the two support rods of the mounting bracket 43. After the spray washing mechanism 4 is installed on the frame 1, the length direction of the second connecting rod 48 is parallel to the width direction of the frame 1, i.e., the width direction of the road-specific electric vehicle, and the end of the second connecting rod 48 extends outwards towards the width direction of the frame 1.

[0053] The first connecting rod 46 and the second connecting rod 48 allow the spray frame to retract when the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is retracted, positioning it directly below the lower mounting plate 42 and ensuring it does not exceed the coverage area of ​​the entire upper frame 1. When the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is extended, the spray frame rotates outward along the hinge point of the second connecting rod 48 and extends outward. The lateral protrusion is aligned with the second connecting rod 48, while the vertical protrusion is supported by the pneumatic telescopic rod 47.

[0054] The pneumatic telescopic rod 47 drives the spray frame 44 to extend or retract relative to the frame 1. The spray frame 44 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 43 via a first connecting rod 46 and a second connecting rod 48. Multiple nozzles 45 are installed at the bottom of the spray frame 44 with the spray direction vertically downwards towards the ground. The air pump 8 is connected to the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 via an air circulation pipe. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the water tank 3 and the nozzles 45 via a hydraulic pipe (the air circulation pipe and hydraulic pipe are omitted in the attached drawings). It is used to pressurize the water in the water tank 3 after the nozzles 45 are extended and spray it out from the nozzles 45 to form a high-pressure water jet. The variable frequency motor 9 is connected to the air pump 8 for driving the air pump 8. The power supply provides electrical energy to the motor 9, the high-pressure water pump, the air pump 8, and the control box 2.

[0055] In some embodiments, when there are more than two water tanks 3, all water tanks 3 occupy a symmetrical area in the middle of the frame 1. The control box 2 is installed at the rear of the frame 1. The installation layout of the components on the frame 1 ensures that the center of gravity of the vehicle is within ±10% of the longitudinal centerline of the frame 1. The centrally located water tanks 3 facilitate front-rear weight balance, the rear-mounted control box 2 and power unit facilitate operation and maintenance, and the power supply is placed under the passenger seat to lower the center of gravity. The low and centrally located center of gravity of the vehicle improves driving stability and handling safety, and avoids rollover or loss of control when making sharp turns or driving on slopes.

[0056] In some embodiments, the pneumatic circuit of the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 in the spraying mechanism 4 is equipped with an overflow valve. The opening pressure of the overflow valve is set to 0.5 MPa. When the spraying frame 44 is subjected to an impact force from an obstacle exceeding the opening pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve opens to release pressure. The airflow of the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 flows back to the pneumatic circuit through the overflow valve, and the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is passively retracted, causing the spraying frame 44 to retract towards the frame 1, thereby achieving automatic obstacle avoidance. The pneumatic circuit of the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is also equipped with an electromagnetic reversing valve. The electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected to the telescopic switch of the spraying mechanism 4 in the control box 2, and is used to receive control signals to switch the extension or retraction state of the pneumatic telescopic rod 47. The specific opening pressure and pressure relief return path of the overflow valve are limited so that the spraying mechanism 4 automatically and passively retracts when it encounters an obstacle, avoiding damage from rigid collisions; the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected to the extension switch of the spraying mechanism 4, realizing the electronic control switching of the extension / retraction state of the spraying mechanism 4. Operators can flexibly control it according to the operation requirements, improving the convenience of operation and the flexibility of operation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the second connecting rod 48 of the spraying mechanism 4 is connected to the lateral protrusion of the spraying frame, which is also a horizontal rotating shaft. A torsion spring is connected between the horizontal rotating shaft and the second connecting rod 48. The end of the horizontal rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the end of the second connecting rod 48 via a bearing. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the second connecting rod 48 and the horizontal rotating shaft, respectively. When the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is fully extended, the torsion spring is in a natural state or a slightly pre-tightened state. When the pneumatic telescopic rod 47 is passively retracted, the torsion spring is compressed and stores energy. After the obstacle passes, the torsion spring releases energy and pushes the spraying frame 44 to reset and extend. By defining the specific structural composition, connection method, and working state of the connecting rod, the spraying mechanism 4 can automatically reset after obstacle avoidance retraction without additional power, simplifying the control logic and hydraulic system design. The elastic restoring force provided by the torsion spring ensures rapid automatic reset, shortens obstacle avoidance interruption time, and improves the continuity and efficiency of cleaning operations.

[0058] In some embodiments, a vision recognition module is provided at the front end of the frame 1. This module includes a high-definition camera, an image processing unit, and a lateral correction control unit. The high-definition camera vertically downwards to capture images of the road surface area in front of the vehicle 6. The image processing unit is electrically connected to the high-definition camera and receives the road surface image to identify the edges of road markings, calculating the lateral positional deviation between the centerline of the road markings and the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle 6. The lateral correction control unit is electrically connected to the image processing unit and the electric steering mechanism of the frame 1, generating a steering control signal based on the lateral positional deviation and driving the electric steering mechanism to fine-tune the driving direction of the vehicle 6, ensuring that the nozzle 45 is aligned with the road markings. By defining the specific composition, installation position, shooting direction, and working logic of the vision recognition module, automatic recognition of road markings and automatic lateral positional correction are achieved. This reduces cleaning omissions or over-cleaning caused by inaccurate alignment during manual remote control, improving cleaning alignment accuracy to within ±2cm, reducing the mental concentration burden and fatigue of operators, and improving work efficiency and quality stability.

[0059] In some embodiments, a wastewater recovery device is also included, connected to a water storage tank 3 closest to the driver's cab. The wastewater recovery device includes a negative pressure recovery hood, a filter box, a circulation pump, and a recovery pipeline. The negative pressure recovery hood is installed behind the spray washing mechanism 4 and extends and retracts synchronously with it. The bottom of the negative pressure recovery hood is open and equipped with a rubber sealing strip, which forms a seal with the ground. The filter box is connected to the top of the negative pressure recovery hood via the recovery pipeline. The interior of the filter box extends from top to bottom. The system includes a coarse filter, a fine filter, and an activated carbon filter layer. The inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the clean water outlet of the filter box, and the outlet of the circulating pump is connected to the return port at the top of the water storage tank 3. The top of the negative pressure recovery hood is also equipped with a negative pressure interface, which is connected to a vehicle-mounted vacuum pump via a negative pressure pipe. When the vacuum pump operates, it creates a negative pressure zone within the negative pressure recovery hood, drawing the wastewater from the ground cleaning process into the hood and sending it through the recovery pipeline into the filter box. The filtered clean water is then returned to the water storage tank 3 via the circulating pump. This design defines the specific composition, installation location, connection relationships, and operating mode of the wastewater recovery device, achieving negative pressure recovery, three-stage filtration, and recycling of cleaning wastewater. It reduces fresh water consumption by more than 50%, avoids direct discharge of wastewater containing paint debris, glass beads, and oil, meets environmental regulations, and is suitable for urban roads and ecologically sensitive areas with strict environmental requirements.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: Example 1 (Basic Scheme) Electric tricycle chassis, 2500×1200×1800mm Two 200L water tanks are symmetrically arranged in the middle, the control box / motor / high-pressure air pump is located at the rear, and the 48V / 200Ah lithium battery pack is located at the bottom of the driver's seat. The total length of the line is 3300mm (a 34% reduction compared to the traditional 5000mm), and the cross-sectional area is selected with a safety margin of 1.8. First knob: Motor speed 800-1500 r / min; Second knob (air): Pressure 0.2-0.5 MPa; Third knob (water): Pressure 10-20 MPa; Spraying mechanism: pneumatic telescopic rod stroke 400mm, overflow valve opening pressure 0.5MPa, spray frame horizontal beam 1000mm / angle 70°, six nozzles spaced 120mm / spray angle 20°, support wheels 8mm below nozzles. Four-step control method: S1: Start → Motor drives air pump → Extend spraying mechanism → Nozzle aligned with marking line; S2: Three knobs set parameters → The first knob sets the motor speed, the second knob sets the air pump output pressure, and the third knob sets the high-pressure water pump output pressure → The nozzle sprays high-pressure water to clean while supported by the air pressure telescopic rod; S3: Obstacle encountered → Overflow valve opens → Pneumatic telescopic rod passively retracts → Torsion spring stores energy → Automatically resets after obstacle passes; S4: Cleaning complete → retract the spray washing mechanism → move to another location.

[0061] Effect verification (quantitative comparative experiment): A comparative test was conducted on 500m of hot-melt pavement markings (moderate pollution) on a main road in a certain city, and the results are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0062] Example 2 (Automatic Correction Based on Visual Recognition) The front end is equipped with a high-definition camera (1920×1080 / 30fps), an image processing unit (Hough transform + edge detection), and a lateral correction control unit.

[0063] The system automatically calculates the deviation Δx between the center line of the marker line and the longitudinal center line of the vehicle. When |Δx|>3cm, it automatically makes minor adjustments to the steering.

[0064] Results: Alignment accuracy within ±2cm; in the control group, the number of times the manual operation deviation exceeded 5cm was 12 times, while in the experimental group it was 0 times.

[0065] Example 3 (Wastewater Recycling) Negative pressure recovery hood (1100×200×150mm, with rubber sealing strip grounding seal), three-stage filtration (coarse filtration 2mm → fine filtration 0.5mm → activated carbon adsorption), and circulation pump.

[0066] Results: Recovery rate of approximately 78%, fresh water consumption reduced by 78%, meets GB 8978 discharge standards, and is suitable for environmentally sensitive areas.

[0067] Example 4 (Refined Segmentation Control) Four parameters: Mild (800r / min / 10MPa / 15L / min) → Moderate (1000r / min / 18MPa / 17L / min) → Severe (1200r / min / 18MPa / 18L / min) → Severe (1500r / min / 20MPa / 20L / min).

[0068] Hot-melt road markings have a pressure drop of 1-2 MPa to protect the glass microspheres, while cold-paint road markings have a pressure drop of 2-3 MPa to prevent coating peeling. Raised road markings increase rotation speed by utilizing pulsed water flow.

[0069] Results: On a 2000m comprehensive road section, the control group used 1200L of water with a recovery rate of 78%, while the experimental group used 760L of water with a recovery rate of 88%, resulting in water savings of 36.7% and quality improvement of 12.8%.

[0070] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A road-specific electric washing vehicle, characterized in that: The system includes a frame mounted on the vehicle chassis, a control box mounted on the frame, multiple water tanks, air and hydraulic components, a spray washing mechanism mounted below the frame, and a power controller mounted below the passenger seat. The control box contains a variable frequency motor, a high-pressure water pump, and an air pump. The control box also includes a main power switch, a spray washing mechanism extension switch, and parameter adjustment knobs. The power supply is connected to the control box via an optimized circuit, which is the shortest straight path from the power supply to each electrical component. There are at least two spray washing mechanisms, located on the left and right sides of the frame, which covers the chassis behind the driver's cab. Each spray washing mechanism includes, from top to bottom, a mounting section, a mounting bracket, and a spray washing frame, as well as a connecting... The system includes a first connecting rod and a pneumatic telescopic rod between the mounting bracket and the spray frame; the mounting bracket is vertically fixed to the bottom of the frame, the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and is horizontal and vertical, the first connecting rod is hinged to the pneumatic telescopic rod, and the pneumatic telescopic rod is hinged to the top of the spray frame; the pneumatic telescopic rod drives the spray frame to extend or retract relative to the frame; the bottom of the spray frame is provided with multiple nozzles; the variable frequency motor is driven by the high-pressure water pump, and the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water storage tank and nozzles through a high-pressure pipeline, used to pressurize the water in the water storage tank and spray it out from the nozzles to form a high-pressure jet of water; the air pump is coaxially arranged and driven by the motor, forming an integrated drive unit, used to drive the pneumatic components including the pneumatic telescopic rod.

2. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control box also includes a wireless remote control receiver module for controlling the start and stop of the variable frequency motor connected to the high-pressure water pump. The wireless remote control receiver module is electrically connected to the variable frequency motor and the spraying mechanism. The spraying mechanism also includes an electromagnetic reversing valve, which is mounted on the mounting bracket. The air inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the vehicle's air tank via an air pipe, and the two air outlets of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the pneumatic telescopic rod via air pipes. The road-specific electric washing vehicle is also equipped with a portable wireless remote control, which has an extension button and a retraction button for the spraying mechanism. The portable wireless remote control establishes a connection with the wireless remote control receiver module via a wireless communication link, and sends an extension control signal or a retraction control signal to the wireless remote control receiver module. After receiving the extension control signal, the wireless remote control receiver module drives the variable frequency motor to start and controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the air path to the rodless chamber, causing the pneumatic telescopic rod to extend. After receiving the retraction control signal, the wireless remote control receiving module controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the air path to the rod chamber, causing the pneumatic telescopic rod to retract.

3. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle sprays vertically downwards towards the ground, and there are 2-5 nozzles.

4. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple water tanks are installed in the middle of the frame, and the control box is installed at the rear of the frame. The installation layout of the components on the frame ensures that the center of gravity of the vehicle is within ±10% of the longitudinal centerline of the frame.

5. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection lines between the power controller and the variable frequency motor, air pump motor and control box adopt the shortest path layout. The connection lines start from the power supply and extend along the longitudinal beam and cross beam of the frame to each electrical equipment in the shortest straight path. The cross-sectional area of ​​the line is selected according to the load current with a safety margin of 1.5 to 2.0 times. The line joints adopt copper lug crimping and waterproof insulation treatment.

6. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter adjustment knob includes at least a first knob and a second knob. The first knob is used to adjust the speed of the variable frequency motor, and the speed adjustment range of the variable frequency motor is from 800 r / min to 1500 r / min. The scale range of the first knob corresponds linearly to the speed adjustment range of the variable frequency motor. The second knob is used to adjust the output pressure of the air pump, and the output pressure adjustment range is from 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa. The scale range of the second knob corresponds linearly to the output pressure adjustment range. The first knob and the second knob are independent of each other and are respectively connected to the frequency converter of the variable frequency motor and the pressure regulating valve of the air pump through control circuits.

7. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic telescopic rod in the spraying mechanism is equipped with an overflow valve in its pneumatic circuit. The opening pressure of the overflow valve is set to 0.5 MPa. When the spraying frame is subjected to an impact force from an obstacle that exceeds the opening pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve opens to release pressure. The rear end of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to the atmosphere for pressure release, and the pneumatic telescopic rod is passively retracted, causing the spraying frame to retract to the rear of the vehicle, thus achieving automatic obstacle avoidance. The pneumatic circuit of the pneumatic telescopic rod is also equipped with an electromagnetic reversing valve. The electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected to the telescopic switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box and is used to receive control signals to switch the extension or retraction state of the pneumatic telescopic rod.

8. The road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the spraying mechanism, a horizontal rotating shaft and a torsion spring sleeved on the horizontal rotating shaft are connected between the spraying frame and the mounting bracket. The two ends of the horizontal rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket and the spraying frame respectively through bearings. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the mounting bracket and the spraying frame respectively. When the pneumatic telescopic rod is fully extended, the torsion spring is in a natural state or a slightly pre-tightened state. When the pneumatic telescopic rod is passively retracted, the torsion spring is compressed and stores energy. After the obstacle passes, the torsion spring releases energy and pushes the spraying frame to return to its original extension.

9. A control method for a road-specific electric washing vehicle, characterized in that: The application of the road-specific electric washing vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1: Turn on the main power switch. Send the extension control signal to the solenoid valve through the extension switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box. The solenoid valve switches the air path to extend the pneumatic extension rod, which pushes the spraying frame to rotate outward and extend the frame until the spraying mechanism reaches the working position. At this time, the nozzle is facing the road marking line. S2: The speed of the variable frequency motor is set by the first knob in the control box. The variable frequency motor drives the high-pressure water pump to work according to the set speed. The high-pressure water pump pressurizes the water in the water tank according to the set output pressure and sprays it out from the nozzle through the hydraulic pipeline to form a high-pressure water jet to clean the road markings. The output pressure of the air pump is set by the second knob to control the working pressure of the air pressure telescopic rod. S3: When the spray washing mechanism encounters an obstacle during travel, the spray washing frame contacts the obstacle. If the impact force exceeds the opening pressure of the overflow valve in the pneumatic circuit, the overflow valve opens to release pressure, and the pneumatic telescopic rod passively retracts. Under the combined action of the obstacle's thrust and the torsion spring in the connecting rod, the spray washing frame retracts to the rear of the vehicle, achieving automatic obstacle avoidance. After the obstacle passes, the external force acting on the spray washing frame disappears, the torsion spring releases its stored energy to push the spray washing frame to reset and extend, and the pneumatic telescopic rod extends synchronously. The spray washing mechanism returns to the working position and continues the cleaning operation. S4: After the cleaning operation is completed, the retraction control signal is sent to the solenoid reversing valve through the extension switch of the spraying mechanism in the control box. The solenoid reversing valve switches the air path to retract the air pressure extension rod, pulls the spraying frame to rotate inward and retracts it to the bottom of the frame, and the spraying mechanism is in the non-working position.

10. The control method for a road-specific electric washing vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the cleaning mode is selected based on the degree of contamination of the road markings: When the pollution level is light, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 800 r / min to 1000 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 10 MPa to 15 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 15 L / min in this mode. When the pollution level is moderate, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 1000 r / min to 1200 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 15 MPa to 18 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 17 L / min in this mode. When the pollution level is severe, the variable frequency motor speed is set to 1200 r / min to 1500 r / min, the high pressure water pump output pressure is 18 MPa to 20 MPa, and the nozzle sprays water at a rate of 20 L / min in this mode.

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