A trench anti-collapse supporting device

Abstract

The application relates to a ditch anti-collapse supporting device and belongs to the technical field of engineering protection; the device comprises symmetrically-arranged supporting plates and supporting rods arranged between the supporting plates; the supporting plates are internally provided with a first cavity for the movement of an adjusting mechanism and a second cavity for the entry of silt and the movement of a driving mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve located in the first cavity and threaded with the end of the supporting rod, a rotating gear arranged in the circumferential direction of the threaded sleeve, a rack meshed with the rotating gear and sliding in the first cavity, and a limiting component connected to the rack and preventing the upward retraction of the rack; the driving mechanism comprises a movable plate sliding in the second cavity, a connecting plate connected to the movable plate and the rack, a connecting part provided on the partition plate between the first cavity and the second cavity and allowing the movement of the connecting plate, and a sealing block attached to the connecting part. The application can drive the driving mechanism to move by means of silt, drive the adjusting mechanism to automatically adjust the length of the supporting rod, effectively support the ditch wall, and avoid the collapse of the ditch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering protection technology, and in particular to a ditch anti-collapse support device. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy, municipal, and highway engineering, ditch excavation requires sidewall support to prevent collapse. With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, higher demands are placed on the stability and safety of ditches. In existing technologies, ditch support devices typically use prefabricated support plates in conjunction with support rods for lateral support. However, the support rods in existing support structures have fixed lengths and cannot adaptively adjust to changes in soil pressure on the ditch sidewalls. When creep or collapse occurs in the sidewall soil, gaps form between the support rods and the soil, resulting in a loss of pre-tension and a significant reduction in support effectiveness. Existing support structures lack an active response mechanism to sudden disasters such as mudslides, passively bearing the impact of soil and unable to convert destructive forces into reinforcing forces, leading to rapid failure of the support structure in the event of a sudden mudslide. Therefore, the applicant designs a ditch anti-collapse support device that adaptively adjusts the length of the support rods to cope with the external environment and strengthens the support plate by allowing mudslides to enter. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to adaptively adjust the support length according to the deformation of the ditch sidewall and to achieve active reinforcement by utilizing the inflow of silt, this application provides a ditch anti-collapse support device.

[0004] The ditch anti-collapse support device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A ditch anti-collapse support device includes symmetrically arranged support plates and support rods arranged between the support plates; the support plates are provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the length of the support rods and a drive mechanism for driving the adjustment mechanism to move. The support plate is provided with a first cavity for the adjustment mechanism to move. The adjustment mechanism includes a threaded sleeve arranged in the first cavity and threadedly engaged with the end of the support rod, a rotating gear arranged on the outer circumference of the threaded sleeve, a rack slidably arranged in the first cavity and meshing with the rotating gear, and a limiting component connected to the rack. The limiting component is used for the rack to move downward in one direction along its height direction. The support plate is provided with a second cavity for mud and sand to enter and drive the drive mechanism to move. The drive mechanism includes a movable plate that slides in the second cavity, a connecting plate that is arranged on the side of the movable plate and connected to the rack, a connecting part that is opened on the partition plate between the first cavity and the second cavity for the connecting plate to move, and a sealing block that is arranged on the side of the connecting plate and fits against the connecting part.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mud and sand water enter the second cavity from the opening and accumulate on the movable plate, the movable plate slides downward under the action of gravity. The connecting plate drives the rack to move downward, and the rack meshes with the rotating gear to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, thereby causing the support rod to rotate outward to press against the side wall of the ditch, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the support length. At the same time, the limiting component prevents the rack from retracting upward, ensuring that the support rod remains locked after it is extended, and preventing retraction.

[0006] Optionally, the support rod has external threads at both ends that engage with the threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the first cavity.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, both ends of the support rod are provided with external threads and are threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve, so that the support rod can be extended and retracted by the adjustment mechanism of both sides of the support plate; the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity to ensure that the position of the threaded sleeve is stable during rotation and the transmission is reliable.

[0008] Optionally, a sliding guide rail is arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity for the rack to slide, and the rack is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the rotating gear.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding guide provides a stable sliding path for the rack, enabling the rack to move smoothly along a specific direction and ensuring the meshing accuracy between the rack and the rotating gear. The rack is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the rotating gear, which can more effectively convert the linear motion of the rack into the circular motion of the rotating gear, thereby precisely adjusting the rotation of the threaded sleeve and thus achieving precise adjustment of the length of the support rod, improving the support effect and stability of the ditch anti-collapse support device.

[0010] Optionally, the limiting component has a ratchet surface arranged on the side of the rack and a limiting member arranged inside the first cavity and engaging with the ratchet surface; the limiting member has a fixed seat arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity, a limiting pawl hinged to the fixed seat, and a return spring arranged on the fixed seat for the limiting pawl to maintain the engagement state; the limiting pawl is provided with a limiting end face that engages with the ratchet surface.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the ratchet surface of the limiting component engages with the limiting pawl of the limiting component, and the return spring keeps the limiting pawl engaged with the ratchet surface. This allows the rack to move downward along its height direction while effectively preventing the rack from retracting upward. This ensures the stability and unidirectionality of the adjustment mechanism for the length adjustment of the support rod, thereby ensuring the stable and reliable support effect of the ditch anti-collapse support device.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting portion has a first slot formed in the second cavity, the first slot being arranged along the height direction of the second cavity, and the first slot connecting the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first cavity and the second cavity of the support plate are connected by a first slot arranged along the height direction of the second cavity. When the movable plate moves in the second cavity, it can drive the rack to move in the first cavity through the connecting plate, realizing the linkage between the drive mechanism and the adjustment mechanism. This facilitates the adjustment of the length of the support rod and plays a role in preventing the collapse of the ditch.

[0014] Optionally, the connecting plate is perpendicular to the first slot and passes through the first slot, and both ends of the connecting plate are fixedly connected to the movable plate and the rack, respectively; two sealing blocks are provided perpendicular to the end face of the connecting plate, and the sealing blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate to seal both sides of the first slot; a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the second cavity for the sealing blocks to slide.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting plate passes vertically through the first slot and is fixedly connected to the movable plate and rack, realizing the linkage between the movable plate and the rack, so that the movement of the movable plate can be transmitted to the rack. The sealing blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate to seal both sides of the first slot, preventing mud and sand in the second cavity from leaking into the first cavity, ensuring the normal operation and cleanliness of the internal structure of the device. The inner wall of the second cavity is provided with a sliding groove for the sealing blocks to slide, providing a stable track for the sliding of the sealing blocks, allowing the connecting plate to more smoothly drive the movable plate and rack in linkage.

[0016] Optionally, the second cavity is provided with a slide rail for the movable plate to move along the height direction of the second cavity, and a buffer spring is provided at the bottom of the movable plate, with both ends of the buffer spring abutting against the bottom of the movable plate and the bottom of the second cavity, respectively.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the slide rail can make the movable plate move stably along the height direction in the second cavity, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the movable plate's movement; the buffer spring can buffer the impact force of the movable plate during the movement, avoiding rigid collision between the movable plate and the second cavity and damage.

[0018] Optionally, the support plate is provided with an opening for mud and sand to enter the interior of the second cavity, and a filter screen is provided at the opening.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the opening allows mud and water to enter the second chamber, thereby driving the drive mechanism; the filter screen can prevent large particles of impurities from entering the second chamber, thus avoiding affecting the normal operation of the drive mechanism.

[0020] Optionally, the support plate has protrusions and recesses on both sides for insertion. Each protrusion and recess has a limiting hole. After the support plate is inserted, the limiting holes overlap each other, and a limiting pin is engaged in the limiting hole.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, adjacent support plates can be quickly positioned by inserting their convex and concave parts. After insertion, the limiting holes on the convex and concave parts overlap, and mechanical locking is achieved by inserting the limiting pins into the limiting holes. This allows multiple support plates to be quickly spliced ​​into an integral support surface, resulting in high installation efficiency. Furthermore, the spliced ​​support plate group can work together to bear the force, improving overall stability.

[0022] Optionally, the limiting pin has mirror-arranged wedge blocks and a connecting block for connecting two wedge blocks, and the insertion interface of the limiting hole is provided with a wedge portion adapted to the wedge block, and the wedge block is inserted into the limiting hole along the wedge portion.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the limiting pin is inserted into the limiting hole, the wedge block slides in along the wedge-shaped part, and the wedge surface cooperates to make the limiting pin tighter and tighter. After the two wedge blocks are connected by the connecting block, they automatically rebound and lock, realizing quick installation and reliable locking, and preventing relative slippage or separation between the support plates.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application, by setting up an adjustment mechanism and a drive mechanism, can automatically adjust the support force according to the actual situation of the ditch. When the soil conditions around the ditch change, such as an increase in water content leading to increased soil pressure, sediment enters the second cavity and pushes the movable plate, which in turn drives the rack and pinion to move via the connecting plate, adjusting the length of the support rod and avoiding the risk of ditch collapse due to changes in soil conditions; 2. The limiting component consists of a ratchet surface and a limiting element, which allows the rack to move downwards along the height direction and prevents it from retracting upwards. When the rack moves downwards to adjust the length of the support rod due to external force, the limiting pawl engages with the ratchet surface to prevent retraction, ensuring stable adjustment of the support rod length and maintaining effective support force for a long time. 3. The support plate has protrusions, recesses, and corresponding limiting structures on both sides. The protrusions and recesses have overlapping limiting holes, which are secured by limiting pins. This design facilitates the connection of multiple support devices, allowing them to be tightly connected to form a whole, enhancing the continuity of the support and effectively improving the stability and reliability of the overall support. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This application Figure 2 Enlarged view of region A.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This application Figure 3 Enlarged view of region B.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting pin and limiting hole according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support plate; 11. First cavity; 12. Second cavity; 13. Opening; 14. Filter screen; 15. Recess; 16. Protrusion; 17. Limiting hole; 18. Limiting pin; 181. Wedge block; 182. Connecting block; 2. Support rod; 3. Adjusting mechanism; 31. Threaded sleeve; 32. Rotating gear; 33. Rack; 34. Limiting component; 341. Racket surface; 342. Limiting element; 3421. Fixed seat; 3422. Limiting claw; 3423. Return spring; 4. Drive mechanism; 41. Movable plate; 411. Buffer spring; 42. Connecting plate; 43. Connecting part; 44. Sealing block; 441. Slide groove; 5. Raised rib. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a ditch anti-collapse support device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 A ditch collapse prevention support device includes symmetrically arranged support plates 1 and support rods 2 arranged between the support plates 1. Each support plate 1 has an adjustment mechanism 3 for adjusting the length of the support rods 2 and a drive mechanism 4 for driving the adjustment mechanism 3. Each support plate 1 also has a first cavity 11 for the adjustment mechanism 3 to move, and a second cavity 12 for silt to enter and drive the drive mechanism 4. This arrangement allows the entire device to adjust the length of the support rods 2 according to the silt conditions around the ditch, thereby changing the support strength, increasing the contact force of the support rods 2 with the support plates 1 on both sides, better adapting to changes in ditch conditions, and preventing ditch collapse.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 An opening 13 is provided on the upper part of the soil-facing surface of the support plate 1. The opening 13 is connected to the second cavity 12. A filter screen 14 is installed on the outside of the opening 13. The filter screen 14 prevents large particles of impurities from entering the second cavity 12.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The adjusting mechanism 3 includes a threaded sleeve 31 arranged within the first cavity 11 and threadedly engaged with the end of the support rod 2; a rotating gear 32 arranged on the outer circumference of the threaded sleeve 31; a rack 33 slidably arranged within the first cavity 11 and meshing with the rotating gear 32; and a limiting component 34 connected to the rack 33. The threaded sleeve 31 is a key component for adjusting the length of the support rod 2. Through its threaded engagement with the end of the support rod 2, it allows the support rod 2 to extend when it rotates, thereby increasing the overall length of the support rod 2 and providing a clamping force against the support plate 1. The threaded sleeve 31 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity 11 via a bearing, and its central hole is threadedly engaged with the external thread at the end of the support rod 2. The rotating gear 32 is coaxially fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the threaded sleeve 31. The rack 33 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded sleeve 31, and its tooth surface meshes with the rotating gear 32. A sliding guide rail is fixed on the inner wall of the first cavity 11. The side of the rack 33 facing away from the tooth surface slides into the sliding guide rail, so that the rack 33 can only slide down vertically. The threaded sleeve 31, the rotating gear 32 and the rack 33 are made of metal materials and have sufficient strength and wear resistance.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 The limiting member 34 is used to allow the rack 33 to move downward along its height direction and prevent the rack 33 from retracting upward. The limiting member 34 has a ratchet surface 341 arranged on the side of the rack 33 and a limiting member 342 arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity 11 and engaging with the ratchet surface 341. The limiting member 342 has a fixed seat 3421 arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity 11, a limiting pawl 3422 hinged to the fixed seat 3421, and a return spring 3423 arranged on the fixed seat 3421 for keeping the limiting pawl 3422 engaged. The limiting pawl 3422 is provided with a limiting end face that engages with the ratchet surface 341. When the rack 33 moves downward, the limiting pawl 3422 slides on the ratchet surface 341. Under the action of the return spring 3423, the limiting pawl 3422 immediately engages with the next ratchet surface 341. When the rack 33 wants to return upward, the limiting end face of the limiting pawl 3422 abuts against the ratchet surface 341 to prevent the rack 33 from retracting. This ensures that the length of the support rod 2 after adjustment will not be arbitrarily changed by external force.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Driven by the drive mechanism 4, the rack 33 slides downward along the sliding guide rail. The rack 33 meshes with the rotating gear 32, causing the rotating gear 32 to rotate. The rotating gear 32 then drives the threaded sleeve 31 connected to it to rotate. Since the threaded sleeve 31 is threadedly engaged with the end of the support rod 2, the rotation of the threaded sleeve 31 causes the length of the support rod 2 to change. The limiting component 34 ensures the unidirectionality and stability of this adjustment process.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The drive mechanism 4 includes a movable plate 41 slidably arranged within the second cavity 12, a connecting plate 42 arranged on the side of the movable plate 41 and connected to the rack 33, a connecting portion 43 formed on the partition plate between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 for the connecting plate 42 to move, and a sealing block 44 arranged on the side of the connecting plate 42 and abutting the connecting portion 43. The movable plate 41 can move along its height within the second cavity 12. A slide rail is provided within the second cavity 12 for the movable plate 41 to move along its height. A buffer spring 411 is provided at the bottom of the movable plate 41, with both ends of the buffer spring 41 abutting against the bottom of the movable plate 41 and the second cavity 12, respectively. A sealing ring is also provided around the circumference of the movable plate 41 to prevent mud or muddy water from flowing down the inner wall of the movable plate 41 to the lower side. The buffer spring 411 acts as a buffer when the movable plate 41 moves downward under the pressure of mud, preventing excessive impact on the movable plate 41. The movable plate 41 is flat and rectangular in shape. The connecting part 43 has a first slot in the second cavity 12, arranged along the height of the second cavity 12, connecting the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12. The connecting plate 42 is perpendicular to and passes through the first slot. Both ends of the connecting plate 42 are fixedly connected to the movable plate 41 and the rack 33, respectively, synchronously transmitting the displacement of the movable plate 41 to the rack 33, ensuring that the displacement of the rack 33 is the same as that of the movable plate 41. Two sealing blocks 44 are vertically arranged above and below the end face of the connecting plate 42, symmetrically positioned on both sides of the connecting plate 42 to seal both sides of the first slot. A sliding groove 441 for the sealing blocks 44 to slide on the inner wall of the second cavity 12 is provided. The presence of the sealing blocks 44 prevents mud and sand from entering the first cavity 11 through the first slot, thus affecting the normal operation of the adjusting mechanism 3.

[0039] When sediment enters the second cavity 12 through the opening 13 on the support plate 1, the gravity of the sediment causes the movable plate 41 to slide downwards on the slide rail. The movable plate 41 drives the rack 33 to slide downwards via the connecting plate 42, thereby triggering the adjustment mechanism 3 to start working. The sealing block 44 and the buffer spring 411 respectively ensure the sealing and stability of the device, making the entire driving process more reliable.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6The support plate 1 has a protrusion 16 integrally formed on the left side and a recess 15 adapted to the protrusion 16 on the right side. Limiting holes 17 are correspondingly formed on the protrusion 16 and the recess 15. When two adjacent support plates 1 are inserted through the protrusion 16 and the recess 15, the two limiting holes 17 overlap. The limiting pin 18 includes two mirror-arranged wedge-shaped blocks 181 and a connecting block 182 connecting the two wedge-shaped blocks 181. The outer surface of the wedge-shaped block 181 is a wedge-shaped surface. The insertion interface of the limiting hole 17 is machined with a wedge-shaped portion adapted to the wedge-shaped block 181.

[0041] The bottom of the support plate 1 is provided with a plug-in column for inserting the support plate 1 into the soil surface of the trench, thereby improving the support of the support plate 1.

[0042] The support rod 2 is driven by a hydraulic mechanism. Two sets of support rods 2 are arranged parallel to each other vertically, and each set is connected to a connecting pipe. A pressure injection port is provided on the connecting pipe. Hydraulic oil is injected into the connecting pipe through this port, and the connecting pipe distributes the hydraulic oil to the upper and lower support rods 2, driving the support rods 2 on both sides to extend. After the hydraulic oil is injected, the pressure injection port is closed, thus achieving pre-tensioning of the support rod 2.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 Several vertical raised ribs 5 are provided on the back side of the support plate 1, which improves the bending resistance of the support plate 1 under horizontal loads (such as earth pressure and lateral thrust), reduces the deflection deformation of the plate surface, effectively prevents the plate surface from buckling, bulging or warping during construction or use, and enhances the overall stability of the structure.

[0044] During installation, place the two support plates 1 symmetrically on both sides of the ditch, and screw the external threads at both ends of the support rod 2 into the threaded sleeves 31 of the support plates 1 on both sides to complete the initial installation. Adjacent support plates 1 are horizontally spliced ​​by inserting the protrusion 16 into the concave part 15. The limiting pin 18 is aligned with the overlapping limiting hole 17 and hammered in. The wedge block 181 slides into the limiting hole 17 along the wedge shape to achieve quick locking between the support plates 1.

[0045] Under normal conditions, support rod 2 provides initial support force. When the soil on the sidewall of the ditch loosens or mud flows in, the mixture of mud and water, under the action of soil pressure, is filtered through filter screen 14 and enters the second cavity 12 through opening 13, accumulating on movable plate 41. As mud and sand continuously accumulate on movable plate 41, the gravity on movable plate 41 gradually increases and overcomes the elastic force of buffer spring 411, causing it to slide downward along the slide rail. When movable plate 41 moves downward, it drives rack 33 to move downward along sliding guide rail via connecting plate 42. During this process, sealing block 44 slides synchronously with connecting plate 42 in slide groove 441, always maintaining the seal of the first groove and preventing mud and water from entering the first cavity 11.

[0046] During the downward movement of the rack 33, its tooth surface meshes with the rotating gear 32, driving the rotating gear 32 and the threaded sleeve 31 to rotate together. Since the threaded sleeve 31 is fixed to the inner wall of the first cavity 11 by the bearing, the rotational motion of the threaded sleeve 31 is converted into the linear motion of the support rod 2, causing both ends of the support rod 2 to rotate outward simultaneously, thereby increasing the support distance between the two side support plates 1 and making the support plates 1 more tightly pressed against the side wall of the ditch. At the same time, during the downward movement of the rack 33, the tooth grooves of the ratchet surface 341 push the limiting end face of the limiting pawl 3422 in sequence, causing the limiting pawl 3422 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 3423 and swing downward around the fixed seat 3421, allowing the rack 33 to pass smoothly. When the rack 33 stops moving downwards, if the support rod 2 is pushed back by the soil and tends to retract, the rack 33 will tend to move upwards. At this time, the limiting end face of the limiting claw 3422 will engage in the tooth groove of the ratchet surface 341, preventing the rack 33 from retracting upwards, thereby locking the elongation of the support rod 2 and preventing support failure.

[0047] As silt continues to flow in, the movable plate 41 moves downward, and the support rod 2 extends until the weight of the silt on the movable plate 41 reaches a new balance with the elastic force of the buffer spring 411 and the support reaction force. At this point, the support length of the support device has been automatically adjusted to the optimal state according to the actual soil pressure, and due to the one-way locking action of the limiting component 34, the support rod 2 cannot retract, and the support structure maintains a continuous and effective support state. At the same time, the silt entering the second cavity 12 serves as internal filling material for the support plate 1, increasing the overall support effect of the support plate 1.

[0048] The implementation principle of the ditch anti-collapse support device in this embodiment is as follows: When the silt around the ditch increases, the silt and water enter the second cavity 12 through the opening 13 and filter screen 14 on the support plate 1, generating pressure on the movable plate 41. The movable plate 41 moves downward on the slide rail, and through the connecting plate 42, it drives the rack 33 to slide downward along the sliding guide rail. The rack 33 drives the rotating gear 32 to rotate, and the rotating gear 32 drives the threaded sleeve 31 to rotate, thereby extending the support rod 2 and increasing the support force. The limiting component 34 ensures the stability of the length of the support rod 2 after adjustment. At the same time, multiple support plates 1 are connected together through the protrusion 16, the concave part 15 and the limiting nail 18, which together support the ditch and effectively prevent ditch collapse. Compared with the traditional static support method, this device can automatically adjust the support force according to the actual situation of the ditch, which greatly improves the stability and safety of the ditch.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A ditch anti-collapse support device, characterized in that, It includes symmetrically arranged support plates (1) and support rods (2) arranged between the support plates (1); the support plates (1) are provided with an adjustment mechanism (3) for adjusting the length of the support rods (2) and a drive mechanism (4) for driving the adjustment mechanism (3) to move. The support plate (1) is provided with a first cavity (11) for the adjustment mechanism (3) to move. The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a threaded sleeve (31) arranged in the first cavity (11) and threadedly engaged with the end of the support rod (2), a rotating gear (32) arranged on the outer periphery of the threaded sleeve (31), a rack (33) slidably arranged in the first cavity (11) and meshing with the rotating gear (32), and a limiting component (34) connected to the rack (33). The limiting component (34) is used for the rack (33) to move downward in one direction along its height direction. The support plate (1) is provided with a second cavity (12) for mud and sand to enter and drive the drive mechanism (4) to move. The drive mechanism (4) includes a movable plate (41) slidably arranged in the second cavity (12), a connecting plate (42) arranged on the side of the movable plate (41) and connected to the rack (33), a connecting part (43) opened on the partition plate between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) for the connecting plate (42) to move, and a sealing block (44) arranged on the side of the connecting plate (42) and fitted with the connecting part (43).

2. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod (2) has external threads at both ends that engage with the threaded sleeve (31), and the threaded sleeve (31) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity (11).

3. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first cavity (11) is provided with a sliding guide rail for the rack (33) to slide, and the rack (33) is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the rotating gear (32).

4. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (34) has a ratchet surface (341) arranged on the side of the rack (33) and a limiting member (342) arranged inside the first cavity (11) and engaging with the ratchet surface (341); the limiting member (342) has a fixed seat (3421) arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity (11), a limiting claw (3422) hinged to the fixed seat (3421) and a return spring (3423) arranged on the fixed seat (3421) for keeping the limiting claw (3422) engaged; the limiting claw (3422) is provided with a limiting end face that engages with the ratchet surface (341).

5. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting part (43) has a first slot in the second cavity (12), the first slot is arranged along the height direction of the second cavity (12), and the first slot connects the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12).

6. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting plate (42) is perpendicular to the first slot and passes through the first slot. The two ends of the connecting plate (42) are fixedly connected to the movable plate (41) and the rack (33) respectively. Two sealing blocks (44) are provided perpendicular to the end face of the connecting plate (42), and the sealing blocks (44) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate (42) to seal both sides of the first slot. The inner wall of the second cavity (12) is provided with a sliding groove (441) for the sealing blocks (44) to slide.

7. A ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second cavity (12) is provided with a slide rail for the movable plate (41) to move along the height direction of the second cavity (12). A buffer spring (411) is provided at the bottom of the movable plate (41), and the two ends of the buffer spring (411) are respectively abutted against the bottom of the movable plate (41) and the bottom of the second cavity (12).

8. The ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support plate (1) is provided with an opening (13) for mud and sand water to enter the interior of the second cavity (12), and a filter screen (14) is provided at the opening (13).

9. A ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate (1) has protrusions (16) and recesses (15) on both sides for insertion. Both protrusions (16) and recesses (15) are provided with limiting holes (17). After the support plate (1) is inserted, the limiting holes (17) overlap each other, and the limiting holes (17) are engaged with limiting pins (18).

10. A ditch anti-collapse support device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The limiting pin (18) has a wedge block (181) arranged in a mirror shape and a connecting block (182) for connecting two wedge blocks (181). The insertion interface of the limiting hole (17) is provided with a wedge portion that is adapted to the wedge block (181). The wedge block (181) is inserted into the limiting hole (17) along the wedge portion.

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