Construction method for ensuring high air tightness of brick-concrete bent frame structure warehouse

Abstract

The application provides a high air tightness guarantee construction method for a brick-concrete row frame structure warehouse, comprising the following steps: warehouse wall body masonry: wall bodies of each construction layer are masoned by using sintered shale bricks and premixed mixed mortar; warehouse wall beam construction: from bottom to top according to the structure height of the warehouse, after wall body masonry of corresponding elevation is completed, beam steel bar binding, formwork setting and concrete pouring operations are immediately performed on the top surface of the current wall body; warehouse wall structure column construction: structure column steel bars are segmented and bound according to the masonry progress of each construction layer, and after a set number of construction layers are completed, structure column concrete pouring operations are performed; warehouse wall plastering construction: a mesh body is laid at the connection between the wall body and the beam, the connection between the wall body and the structure column, and the connection between the wall body, the beam and the structure column, and then layer-by-layer plastering is performed. The method can effectively improve the air tightness of the brick-concrete row frame structure warehouse and fully meet the requirements of closed fumigation and air conditioning grain storage functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of brick-concrete frame structure warehouse technology, and in particular to a construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the grain storage industry is accelerating its transformation and upgrading towards green and refined practices. Flat warehouses, as the most common single-story warehouse type in the grain reserve system, are mainly used for the long-term storage of raw grains such as wheat, corn, and rice. To ensure the quality and safety of grain during the storage period and effectively control risks such as moisture absorption and mold, warehouse airtightness has become a key technical indicator for measuring grain storage performance. Insufficient airtightness not only leads to the leakage of fumigation agents and the failure of the controlled atmosphere storage environment, but also significantly increases the probability of grain piles becoming damp and deteriorating, directly threatening grain storage safety.

[0003] Brick-concrete frame-structured flat warehouses are widely used in grain storage projects due to their good structural stability and economical construction costs. However, these warehouses are characterized by thick walls (usually 500 mm) and densely arranged inter-layer beams. Traditional masonry techniques easily create continuous leakage gaps at the beam-wall junctions, making it difficult for the warehouse to achieve the high airtightness design target of no less than 600 seconds when the pressure naturally decays to 250 Pa under an initial pressure of 500 Pa. This has become a prominent technical bottleneck restricting the high-quality construction of this type of warehouse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a construction method for ensuring high airtightness in brick-concrete frame structure warehouses, to solve the problems existing in related technologies. The technical solution is as follows: This application provides a construction method for ensuring high airtightness of a brick-concrete frame structure warehouse, including the following steps: Warehouse wall construction steps: Divide the construction layers according to the structural height of the warehouse, and use MU15 sintered shale bricks and Mb10 premixed mortar to build the walls of each construction layer; Construction steps for the connecting beam of the warehouse wall: When the wall of the current construction layer is built up to the bottom elevation of the connecting beam, the steel reinforcement of the connecting beam is tied, the formwork is erected and the concrete is poured on the top surface of the wall, so that the connecting beam and the wall below form a continuous whole. Construction steps for warehouse wall structural columns: The steel bars of the structural columns are tied in sections according to the progress of each construction layer, and the concrete pouring operation of the structural columns is carried out after the set number of construction layers are completed. The plastering process for warehouse walls involves laying mesh at the joints between the wall and the connecting beam, the wall and the structural column, and the joints between the wall, the connecting beam, and the structural column, and then applying plaster in layers.

[0005] In one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall, the wall is constructed using an alternating form of header and stretcher masonry, with the mortar joint thickness controlled at 8-12 mm, and the fullness is checked layer by layer.

[0006] In one embodiment, during the masonry construction of the warehouse wall, the mortar spreading operation is performed as follows: the length of each mortar spreading operation is controlled between 500mm and 750mm; mortar is fully spread on the top surface of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed on the mortar layer and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the brick joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel to ensure that the mortar fullness of the horizontal joints meets the set requirements; mortar is fully spread on the vertical end face of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed close to the end face and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the vertical joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel to ensure that the mortar fullness of the vertical joints meets the set requirements.

[0007] In one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall, after the wall is built, the mortar joints on the inner and outer surfaces of the wall are grouted. The grooving uses 1:2 cement mortar with a grooving depth of 3-5mm. After grooving, the surface is compacted and smoothed to form a dense mortar joint surface layer.

[0008] In one embodiment, during the construction of the silo wall connecting beam, before the concrete of the connecting beam is poured, a separation strip is set at the junction of the connecting beam and the structural column, and the height of the separation strip is the same as the height of the connecting beam.

[0009] In one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall structural columns, concrete pouring for the structural columns is carried out after every three construction layers are completed.

[0010] In one embodiment, during the plastering process, the surface of the wall is cleaned of dust and oil before plastering, and the surface is moistened with water for 24 hours in advance, with a moistening depth of not less than 10mm. The surfaces of the connecting beams and structural columns are roughened or coated with an interface agent to enhance the adhesion between the plaster layer and the base layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, during the plastering process, the inside corners between walls are rounded.

[0012] In one embodiment, the plastering process is carried out in two layers: a base layer and a top layer. The base layer is 8-10mm thick and is made of polymer waterproof mortar. After compaction and smoothing, it is roughened. The top layer is 5-8mm thick and is applied after the base layer has set. It is then compacted and smoothed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the construction method for ensuring the high airtightness of the brick-concrete frame structure warehouse further includes: scaffolding erection steps: the inner and outer scaffolding is erected layer by layer in sync with the on-site construction progress; after the connecting beam construction is completed, the wall ties embedded in the side wall of the connecting beam are used to rigidly connect with the scaffolding, and at the same time, the inner and outer scaffolding above the construction work surface can be temporarily connected to form an overall load-bearing structure; wall ties removal and hole repair steps: before the plastering construction step, the wall ties are removed layer by layer from top to bottom, and the remaining holes are filled tightly with waterproof mortar, and water curing is carried out within 24 hours after repair.

[0014] The advantages or beneficial effects of the above technical solutions include at least the following: The high airtightness construction method for brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention includes the following core steps: the walls are constructed using sintered shale bricks of strength grade MU15 and premixed mortar of Mb10. During construction, mortar is fully applied to ensure full and dense mortar joints, reducing or avoiding leakage channels through both materials and construction techniques. The walls are constructed and poured layer by layer in a forward sequence, i.e., the connecting beam is poured immediately after the wall is built to the bottom elevation of the connecting beam, rather than the conventional reverse sequence of pouring the beam first and then building the wall. The reverse sequence requires… The previous method, which involved leaving a gap at the top of the wall and filling it with sloping bricks, relied solely on mortar to bond the sloping bricks to the upper and lower contact surfaces. This method was highly dependent on operational precision and struggled to ensure the fullness of the mortar joints, easily becoming a weak point in airtightness. This new method, however, eliminates the need for a pre-reserved gap. Reinforcing bars are directly tied to the top surface of the wall, formwork for the connecting beams is erected, and concrete is poured. This ensures a tight bond between the concrete and the top surface of the wall, creating a continuous whole between the connecting beams and the wall below. This eliminates the beam-wall junction gap at its source, and the two form a unified load-bearing unit. Furthermore, the method employs a delayed construction technique for the structural columns. In this construction process, the reinforcing steel bars of the structural columns are tied simultaneously with the construction progress of the warehouse walls. However, the structural columns are poured only after the construction of a predetermined number of walls and their corresponding connecting beams is completed. This construction technique allows the connecting beams and the lower walls to fully settle naturally under their own weight, avoiding cracking at the column-beam joints due to differential settlement. Furthermore, it increases the single-pour height of the structural columns to several meters (e.g., pouring three layers of connecting beams at once), significantly reducing the number of vertical construction joints, enhancing the overall integrity of the structural columns, and reducing the workload of construction joint treatment. During the plastering stage, the steel bars of the structural columns are tied simultaneously with the wall walls. Reinforcing mesh was laid at the connection points between the wall and the connecting beam, the connection points between the wall and the structural column, and the intersection of the wall, connecting beam, and structural column. Then, plastering was applied in layers to effectively prevent the plaster layer from cracking and to form a complete airtight protective layer. On-site testing verified that the brick-concrete frame structure warehouse constructed according to this method had an average pressure half-life of 1100s when the initial pressure dropped from 500Pa to 250Pa, which effectively improved the airtightness of the brick-concrete frame structure warehouse and fully met the requirements of airtight fumigation and controlled atmosphere storage.

[0015] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of this application will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 A diagram of the warehouse wall structure formed by the construction method for ensuring high airtightness of the brick-concrete frame structure warehouse of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction method for ensuring high airtightness of a brick-concrete frame structure warehouse according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure Labels 1. Walls; 2. Connecting beams; 3. Structural columns. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0020] See Figure 1 The warehouse wall of the brick-concrete frame structure includes multiple masonry sections and multiple structural columns 3. Each structural column 3 extends vertically and connects two adjacent masonry sections. Each masonry section includes multiple layers of walls 1 and multiple connecting beams 2. Each connecting beam 2 extends horizontally and connects the upper and lower layers of walls 1.

[0021] See Figure 1 This invention illustrates a preferred embodiment of a construction method for ensuring high airtightness in a brick-concrete frame structure warehouse, comprising the following steps: Construction of warehouse wall 1: The construction layers are divided according to the height of the warehouse structure. The wall 1 of each construction layer is constructed with MU15 sintered shale bricks and Mb10 premixed mortar. The density of the wall 1 is ensured from the source of materials. During construction, the mortar is required to be fully laid and the mortar fullness reaches 100%, which far exceeds the quality standard of conventional masonry structure. This ensures that the mortar joints are full and dense, and prevents the formation of leakage channels at the mortar joints. Construction of warehouse wall connecting beam 2: According to the height of the warehouse structure from bottom to top, after the wall 1 at the corresponding elevation is completed, the steel reinforcement of the connecting beam 2 is tied, the formwork is erected and the concrete is poured on the top surface of the current wall 1, so that the connecting beam 2 and the wall 1 below form a continuous whole, effectively reducing the gap between the beam and the wall, and the connecting beam 2 and the wall 1 form an integral load-bearing unit. Construction of structural column 3 in the warehouse wall: The steel bars of structural column 3 are tied in sections according to the masonry progress of each construction layer. After the set number of construction layers are completed, the concrete pouring operation of structural column 3 is carried out. On the one hand, the connecting beam 2 and the lower wall 1 are allowed to settle naturally under their own weight, avoiding cracking of the column-beam joint due to differential settlement. On the other hand, the single pouring height of structural column 3 is increased to about several meters (for example, three-layer connecting beam 2 is poured at one time), which greatly reduces the number of vertical construction joints of structural column 3, enhances the integrity of structural column 3, and reduces the workload of construction joint treatment. Plastering construction of warehouse walls: Lay mesh at the connection between wall 1 and connecting beam 2, the connection between wall 1 and structural column 3, and the connection between wall 1, connecting beam 2 and structural column 3 respectively, and then plaster in layers to prevent the plaster layer from cracking and form a complete airtight protective layer.

[0022] The high airtightness construction method for brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention includes the following core steps: Wall 1 is constructed using sintered shale bricks of strength grade MU15 and pre-mixed mortar of Mb10. During construction, mortar is fully applied to ensure full and dense mortar joints, reducing or avoiding mortar leakage channels from both material and construction process perspectives. Wall 1 is constructed and poured layer by layer in a forward sequence, i.e., after wall 1 reaches the bottom elevation of connecting beam 2, connecting beam 2 is poured immediately, instead of the conventional reverse sequence of pouring beams first and then building walls. The reverse sequence requires leaving a gap at the top of the wall and filling it with sloping bricks. The sloping bricks contact the upper and lower surfaces... Relying solely on mortar bonding requires high operational precision and struggles to guarantee the fullness of mortar joints, easily creating weak points in airtightness. This method, however, eliminates the need for pre-reserved gaps between the top and bottom layers. Reinforcing bars are directly tied to the top surface of wall 1, formwork for connecting beam 2 is erected, and concrete is poured, ensuring a tight bond between the concrete and the top surface of wall 1. This creates a continuous whole between connecting beam 2 and the wall 1 below, eliminating gaps at the beam-wall junction and forming a unified load-bearing unit. Simultaneously, a delayed construction process for structural columns 3 is employed. The reinforcing bars for structural columns 3 are tied synchronously with the wall construction progress, but are not tied until the predetermined number of walls 1 and their corresponding connecting beams 2 are completed. Then, the structural column 3 is poured. This construction process allows the connecting beam 2 and the lower wall 1 to fully settle naturally under their own weight, avoiding cracking at the column-beam joint due to differential settlement. Furthermore, it increases the single pouring height of the structural column 3 to several meters (e.g., pouring the three-layer connecting beam 2 in one go), significantly reducing the number of vertical construction joints, enhancing the overall integrity of the structural column 3, and reducing the workload of construction joint treatment. During the plastering stage, reinforcing mesh is laid at the connection points of wall 1 and connecting beam 2, wall 1 and structural column 3, and the intersection of wall 1, connecting beam 2, and structural column 3, followed by layered plastering. This method effectively prevents plaster layer cracking and forms a complete airtight protective layer. Before handover for grain loading after construction, airtightness testing is conducted according to the testing methods specified in GB / T25229-2010, "Airtightness Requirements for Flat-roofed Grain and Oil Storage Warehouses." Before testing, all doors, windows, ventilation openings, axial fan holes, and other openings in the warehouse are sealed. A blower is used to pressurize the warehouse until the pressure reaches 500 Pa, then pressurization is stopped, the air inlet valve is closed, and the time required for the pressure to drop from 500 Pa to 250 Pa (half-life) is recorded. Each warehouse is tested at least three times, and the average value is taken as the final test result. Field testing has verified that the brick-concrete frame structure warehouses constructed using this method have an average pressure half-life of 1100 seconds from an initial pressure of 500 Pa to 250 Pa, effectively improving the airtightness of the brick-concrete frame structure warehouses and fully meeting the requirements for sealed fumigation and controlled atmosphere storage.

[0023] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for ensuring high airtightness of a brick-concrete frame structure warehouse, which further includes the following steps: Construction Preparation: A specialized construction plan was developed, and technical briefings were conducted on key processes such as the 500mm thick small brick masonry and the pre-embedded nodes of the connecting beam 2. New pre-embedded bolt wall ties were custom-made in advance, categorized and stacked according to specifications, and rust-proofed. Masonry materials were pre-wetted with water, with the moisture content controlled at 10%~15%. The concrete mix ratio was optimized in advance based on the site temperature. Sintered shale common bricks with specifications of 240mm×115mm×53mm and strength grade MU15 were used, with samples taken and tested for each batch. Mb10 pre-mixed mortar was also used.

[0024] Measurement and layout: A plane control network is established using a total station. The axis is checked every two floors. The verticality deviation of wall 1 is controlled within 3mm / m. An elevation control line is marked at the position of connecting beam 2 to ensure that the position deviation of the pre-embedded bolts is no more than 5mm.

[0025] To effectively prevent mortar leakage channels, in one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall 1, the wall 1 adopts an alternating method of header and stretcher bricks, that is, each course of header bricks alternates with stretcher bricks, and the upper and lower courses are staggered by 1 / 4 bricks. Tooth joints are required on both sides of the structural column 3. The mortar joint thickness of the wall 1 is controlled at 8~12mm, that is, the thickness of both the horizontal and vertical mortar joints is controlled at 8~12mm. The fullness is checked course by course using a mortar joint thickness detector, and adjustments are made immediately if the deviation exceeds the range.

[0026] In one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall 1, a verticality check is performed every 1.5m of masonry, and the height difference between adjacent masonry sections (both sides of the structural column 3) does not exceed 30mm. Furthermore, when constructing the wall 1 on the connecting beam 2, the concrete strength of the connecting beam 2 should reach 80% of the concrete design strength before proceeding to the next layer of masonry.

[0027] In one embodiment, during the masonry construction of the warehouse wall 1, the mortar spreading operation is carried out as follows: the length of each mortar spreading is controlled between 500mm and 750mm; mortar is fully spread on the top surface of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed on the mortar layer and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the brick joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel. After each course of bricks is laid, a designated person checks the horizontal mortar joints, and if any gaps are found, they are immediately filled with mortar to ensure that the mortar fullness of the horizontal mortar joints meets the set requirements; mortar is fully spread on the vertical end face of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed close to the end face and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the vertical mortar joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel. After each course of bricks is laid, a designated person checks the vertical mortar joints, and if any gaps are found, they are immediately filled with mortar to ensure that the mortar fullness of the vertical mortar joints meets the set requirements.

[0028] In one embodiment, during the construction of the warehouse wall 1, after the wall 1 is built, the mortar joints on the inner and outer surfaces of the wall 1 are grouted. The grooving uses 1:2 cement mortar with a grooving depth of 3-5mm. After grooving, the surface is compacted and smoothed to form a dense mortar joint surface layer.

[0029] In one implementation, during the construction of the warehouse wall 1, after each layer of wall 1 (approximately 1.5m in height) is completed, a quality inspector conducts a comprehensive inspection of the mortar joints. A grid is used to check the mortar fullness, with at least 5 locations checked at each layer of wall 1, and 3 bricks checked at each location. The number of bricks with a fullness below 100% must not exceed 5% of the total number checked, and there must not be 3 consecutive bricks with insufficient fullness.

[0030] In one embodiment, during the construction of the connecting beam 2 in the warehouse wall, when the wall 1 is built to the bottom elevation of the connecting beam 2, the anchorage position of the reinforcing steel of the connecting beam 2 is reserved, and the anchorage length meets the design requirements and is not less than 35d; the formwork of the connecting beam 2 is made of wood, and the upper and lower sides of the connecting beam 2 are both made of 50mm×100mm square timber as backing. According to the beam height, in order to avoid the concrete of the connecting beam 2 from expanding, beam clamps are used on site for reinforcement, with a spacing of not more than 600mm. At the same time, the upper part of the beam is reinforced laterally with wooden boards. Before installing the side formwork, apply a 5mm thick and 20mm wide double-sided sponge adhesive strip to the inside corner where the top surface of wall 1 contacts the side formwork. The strip should be applied straight and without wrinkles. After installation, press the sealing strip to form a sealed structure, preventing grout leakage during concrete pouring. Any portion of the sponge strip protruding from the inside of the formwork must be cut off before rebar tying to prevent it from embedding into the beam concrete and affecting structural quality. Before concrete pouring, a wire mesh partition strip should be installed at the junction of connecting beam 2 and structural column 3. The height of the partition strip should be the same as the cross-sectional height of connecting beam 2. This partition strip should only be installed in the pouring layer of connecting beam 2; no partition strip is needed in the pouring layer of structural column 3 to prevent concrete from flowing into the construction area of ​​structural column 3 during the pouring of connecting beam 2. Concrete pouring should be done using a Φ50 immersion vibrator with a vibration point spacing of no more than 400mm. Vibration should continue until the concrete surface shows signs of grouting, no longer sinks, and no air bubbles overflow. Under-vibration and over-vibration are strictly prohibited. The elevation accuracy of the concrete pouring and the flatness of the finished concrete surface must be strictly controlled. When pre-embedding the wall tie bolts, use a special positioning mold for fixing. The exposed length of the bolts should be controlled between 100 and 120 mm and perpendicular to the two side molds of the connecting beam.

[0031] In one embodiment, during the construction of the silo wall structural column 3, concrete pouring of the structural column 3 is carried out after every three construction layers are completed.

[0032] Specifically, in the construction steps of the structural column 3 of the warehouse wall, the steel bars of the structural column 3 are tied along with the construction progress of the masonry. The column is poured after every 3 layers of masonry construction. This is to allow the connecting beam 2 and the lower wall 1 to settle naturally as a whole, and to reduce the number of column joints. Before sealing the structural column 3, it should be checked that there is no loose concrete at the bottom of the column and at the toothed joint, and that the separation strip has been removed. The height of the concrete pouring for each sealing is about 4m. Before pouring, it is necessary to check the quality of the steel bar tying, the verticality of the formwork, and to ensure that the concrete is firmly bonded to the masonry wall 1. The joint area should be cleaned and free of debris.

[0033] In one embodiment, the construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention further includes the following steps: Scaffolding erection: The inner and outer scaffolding are erected layer by layer in sync with the on-site construction progress; after the construction of connecting beam 2 is completed, the wall ties embedded in the side wall of connecting beam 2 are used to rigidly connect with the scaffolding, and at the same time, the inner and outer scaffolding above the construction work surface can be temporarily connected to form an overall load-bearing structure.

[0034] Specifically, during the scaffolding erection process, the external scaffolding uses coupler-type steel pipe scaffolding, while the internal and external scaffolding is erected layer by layer in sync with the on-site construction progress. Outriggers are used to enhance the lateral stability of the scaffolding and prevent the risk of collapse. After the completion of connecting beam 2, the wall ties embedded in the side wall of connecting beam 2 are used to rigidly connect it to the scaffolding, and the internal and external scaffolding above the working surface can be temporarily connected to form a unified load-bearing structure. The working layer is at least 1.2m above the masonry surface, with scaffold boards fully laid and fixed, and safety netting fully hung on the outside of the scaffolding. A scissor brace is installed at each end, corner, and every 15m in the middle of the scaffolding, and should be continuously installed from bottom to top. A wall tie is installed every 2 layers and every 3 spans, and is fixed to the embedded bolts with double nuts. The tightening torque is controlled at 40~65 N·m, and post-installation drilling is strictly prohibited.

[0035] In one embodiment, the construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention further includes the following steps: Removal of wall ties and repair of holes: Before the plastering construction, remove the wall ties layer by layer from top to bottom, and use a wrench to unscrew the bolts. It is strictly forbidden to pry them forcibly. Fill the remaining holes with micro-expansion waterproof mortar in two layers. After repair, water curing should be carried out within 24 hours. Then, waterproofing treatment should be carried out layer by layer according to the wall decoration and renovation method to ensure the waterproof performance of the wall surface.

[0036] In one embodiment, during the plastering process, the mesh is laid in the following manner: The vertical joints and top horizontal joints at the junctions of different materials (wall 1, connecting beam 2, structural column 3) of wall 1 are weak points in terms of airtightness. A 300mm wide wire mesh (0.6mm wire diameter, 10mm aperture) is installed, with the junction as the center line and 150mm on each side. The wire mesh is fixed with nails, with a nail spacing of no more than 300mm, arranged in a quincunx pattern. The wire mesh should be stretched taut and laid flat, closely adhering to the base layer, without any warping or bulging.

[0037] In one implementation, before plastering, a sample test (with an area of ​​not less than 10m²) should be conducted on the interior wall. Only after the construction, supervision, and construction parties confirm its suitability can large-scale plastering begin. The sample test should include key areas such as the junctions of different substrates, internal corners, and door and window openings.

[0038] In one embodiment, during the plastering process, the surface of the wall 1 is cleaned of floating dust and oil before plastering, and it is moistened with water 24 hours in advance, with a moistening depth of not less than 10mm. The surfaces of the connecting beam 2 and the structural column 3 are roughened or coated with an interface agent to enhance the adhesion between the plaster layer and the base layer.

[0039] In one implementation, during the plastering process, the inside corners between walls are rounded with a radius of at least 100mm. A special rounding trowel is used to ensure a straight arc and a smooth surface. Rounding the inside corners eliminates stress concentration at right angles, preventing the plaster layer from cracking at the corners and thus ensuring airtightness.

[0040] In one embodiment, the plastering process involves two layers: a base coat and a top coat. The base coat, 8-10mm thick, is made of polymer waterproof mortar, compacted, smoothed, and then roughened. The top coat, 5-8mm thick, is applied after the base coat has fully set, and is also compacted and smoothed. Water curing is carried out within 24 hours of plastering completion, and the curing period is no less than 7 days. During the curing period, collisions and vibrations should be avoided.

[0041] The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention is specifically applied to the Maoming Grain Depot. The project has a total construction area of ​​33,077.08 square meters and a total storage capacity of 176,100 tons. It includes the construction of 9 shallow circular silos, each 31.30 meters high and 27.0 meters in diameter, with a single silo loading height of 24.0 meters and a single silo capacity of 10,000 tons (based on wheat); a newly built No. 1 lifting tower, 6 stories above ground and 1 story underground (equipment pit), with a building height of 49.3 meters; 7 newly built single-story bulk storage silos, each 13.35 meters high, with a loading height of 8.0 meters and a single silo capacity of 12,300 tons; and a newly built 1-story machinery warehouse, 2 stories above ground, with a building height of 13.35 meters and 4 warehouse canopies. The main structure of the warehouse adopts a reinforced concrete frame structure. The warehouse walls are constructed with sintered shale common bricks (approximately 3.4 million bricks in total) and connecting beams 2 in an alternating pattern, with vertical through-structure columns 3. During construction, the walls 1 are built layer by layer, and the connecting beams 2 are poured simultaneously. This process eliminates the need to wait for settlement stabilization, significantly shortening the construction period. Furthermore, the overall integrity of the silo walls is superior to traditional methods, ensuring the airtightness of the silo. The scaffolding and unloading platform are erected layer by layer as construction progresses, and the wall ties utilize pre-embedded bolts, facilitating rapid wall repair after scaffolding dismantling. Compared to the traditional construction sequence of pouring beams first and then building the walls, the construction period for a single silo is reduced by approximately 50 days, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0042] The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Cost savings from formwork support: Single-compartment formwork support usage: (48-3.2)×3.2×0.02446×500×(1.5+0.7)×7≈28T.

[0043] Accordingly, the rental cost of formwork materials for a single warehouse is reduced by approximately 80,000 yuan; at the same time, the processing, installation and dismantling of the bottom formwork of the connecting beam 2 are eliminated, saving approximately 50,000 yuan per warehouse in formwork materials and labor costs.

[0044] 2. Maintenance Costs: Traditional methods cost approximately 15 RMB / ㎡ to repair wall cracks and leaks. This method reduces quality defects at the source. For a single-unit building area of ​​approximately 2226㎡, the traditional method costs approximately 33,000 RMB / unit for repairs, while this method costs only approximately 5,000 RMB / unit, resulting in a saving of 28,000 RMB per unit.

[0045] 3. Benefits of reusable materials: The scaffolding is erected and dismantled layer by layer as the construction progresses, reducing the time occupied by reusable materials such as steel pipes and fasteners by 20% and saving 15% in reusable materials costs.

[0046] Comprehensive calculations show that using this construction method reduces the overall cost of the leveled area by 8% to 12% compared to traditional methods, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Warehouse wall construction: The construction layers are divided according to the structural height of the warehouse. The walls of each construction layer are constructed with sintered shale bricks and premixed mortar. The mortar is fully applied during construction to ensure that the mortar joints are full and dense. Construction of warehouse wall connecting beams: According to the structural height of the warehouse, from bottom to top, after the wall at the corresponding elevation is completed, the steel reinforcement of the connecting beams is tied, the formwork is erected and the concrete is poured on the top surface of the current wall, so that the connecting beams and the wall below form a continuous whole; Construction of warehouse wall structural columns: The steel bars of the structural columns are tied in sections according to the progress of each construction layer, and the concrete pouring operation of the structural columns is carried out after the set number of construction layers are completed. Plastering of warehouse walls: Lay mesh at the joints between the wall and the connecting beam, the joint between the wall and the structural column, and the joints between the wall, the connecting beam and the structural column, and then plaster in layers.

2. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the construction of the warehouse wall, the wall adopts the alternating method of full header and full stretcher, the thickness of the mortar joint is controlled at 8~12mm, and the fullness is checked layer by layer.

3. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the masonry construction of the warehouse wall, the mortar spreading operation is carried out as follows: the length of each mortar spreading is controlled between 500mm and 750mm; mortar is fully spread on the top surface of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed on the mortar layer and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the brick joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel to ensure that the mortar fullness of the horizontal joints meets the set requirements; mortar is fully spread on the vertical end face of the already laid brick layer, the bricks to be laid are placed close to the end face and positioned, and the mortar is squeezed out evenly from the vertical joints by pressing, and then the excess mortar is scraped smooth with a shovel to ensure that the mortar fullness of the vertical joints meets the set requirements.

4. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of building the warehouse wall, after the wall is built, the mortar joints on the inner and outer surfaces of the wall are grouted. The grooving is done with 1:2 cement mortar, with a grooving depth of 3-5mm. After grooving, the surface is compacted and smoothed to form a dense mortar joint surface layer.

5. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the construction step of the silo wall connecting beam, before the concrete of the connecting beam is poured, a separation strip is set at the junction of the connecting beam and the structural column, and the height of the separation strip is the same as the height of the connecting beam.

6. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the construction steps of the silo wall structural columns, the concrete pouring operation of the structural columns is carried out after every three construction layers are completed.

7. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the plastering construction steps, before plastering, the surface of the wall should be cleaned of floating dust and oil stains, and the surface should be moistened with water in advance, with a moistening depth of not less than 10mm. The surface of the connecting beam and the surface of the structural column should be roughened or an interface agent should be applied to enhance the adhesion between the plaster layer and the base layer.

8. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the plastering process, the inside corners between walls are rounded.

9. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the plastering construction steps, the plastering is carried out in two layers: a base layer and a top layer. The base layer plaster is 8-10mm thick and uses polymer waterproof mortar. After compaction and smoothing, it is roughened. The top layer plaster is 5-8mm thick and is carried out after the base layer plaster has fully set. It is then compacted and smoothed.

10. The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of brick-concrete frame structure warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method for ensuring high airtightness of the brick-concrete frame structure warehouse also includes... The process includes the following steps: Scaffolding erection: The inner and outer scaffolding are erected layer by layer in sync with the on-site construction progress; After the connecting beams are completed, the wall ties embedded in the side walls of the connecting beams are used to rigidly connect the scaffolding, and the inner and outer scaffolding above the construction work surface can be temporarily connected to form an overall load-bearing structure; Removal of wall ties and repair of holes: Before the plastering construction step, the wall ties are removed layer by layer from top to bottom, and the remaining holes are filled tightly with waterproof mortar.

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