Dual mechanism stepped damper

Abstract

The application discloses a double-mechanism hierarchical damper, and relates to the technical field of dampers, which comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, a friction damper and a metal damper are arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, the two are connected in series with each other, further comprising a limiting device arranged on both sides of the metal damper, an inertial part arranged on one side of the friction damper, a hierarchical mechanism arranged on the upper end face of the bottom end, the double-mechanism hierarchical energy dissipation structure is formed by connecting the friction damper and the metal damper in series, only friction energy dissipation occurs when small displacement, multi-stage energy dissipation occurs when large displacement, the position of the limiting device is dynamically adjusted by a cam and a resisting plate linkage mechanism, the starting time of the metal damper is adaptively changed according to the vibration intensity, the hierarchical level is further enriched, and the adaptability to different intensity vibrations is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of damper technology, and more specifically, to a dual-mechanism graded damper. Background Technology

[0002] Building dampers are safety devices installed on buildings to mitigate earthquake and wind-induced vibration damage. They are widely used in civil buildings, industrial buildings, bridges, and other engineering structures. When an earthquake or strong wind occurs, the damper absorbs and dissipates the impact energy of external excitation into the structure to the maximum extent through its own energy dissipation mechanism, significantly mitigating the structural vibration response and protecting the main structure from damage.

[0003] Although various types of dampers have their own characteristics, they often cannot meet the energy dissipation requirements at different frequencies when facing variable vibration environments. Some dampers are sluggish in response to small displacement vibrations, while others require larger displacements to work effectively. This makes it difficult for a single type of damper to achieve efficient energy dissipation under all working conditions in scenarios where daily wind vibrations and rare earthquakes coexist. To address this, we propose a dual-mechanism graded damper. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-mechanism graded damper.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a top plate and a bottom plate, wherein a friction damper and a metal damper are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the two are connected in series to increase friction energy dissipation; and further including a limiting device, which is provided on both sides of the metal damper to drive the metal damper to move. The grading mechanism is located on the upper surface of the base plate. As the vibration of the friction damper increases, the metal damper is driven to consume energy multiple times through the cooperation of the inertial components and the grading mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the friction damper includes vertical plates symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base plate, a fixing plate is provided at the bottom end of the top plate, the fixing plate is located between the two sets of vertical plates, a friction plate is provided between the two sets of vertical plates, the vertical plates and the fixing plate are connected by bolts, and a disc spring is provided between the two vertical plates.

[0007] Preferably, the metal damper includes side plates disposed opposite to each other on the upper surface of the base plate, a core plate between the two sets of side plates, and a stiffening plate disposed on the outside of the side plates, and the limiting device is fixed to the side of the side plate away from the friction damper.

[0008] Preferably, the inertial component includes a limiting rail disposed on the outside of the vertical plate, a limiting block disposed inside the limiting rail, a telescopic rod disposed at the bottom end of the top plate, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod disposed on the upper end face of the limiting block.

[0009] Preferably, the grading mechanism includes a support plate disposed on the upper surface of the bottom end, the upper surface of the support plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and an annular plate is disposed in the arc-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the annular plate is provided with a friction ring, and an inner ratchet is formed on the inner side of the annular plate.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical plate is provided on the upper surface of the base plate, a fixing rod is provided inside the vertical plate, and a tension spring is provided on the outer wall of the fixing rod.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical plate is provided with a movable column, a pawl is provided on one side of the movable column, and one end of the tension spring is provided on the outer wall of the pawl.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the movable column is provided with an inclined groove, the side wall of the limiting block is provided with a straight plate, the side wall of the straight plate is provided with a positioning rod, and the positioning rod is correspondingly slidably connected in the inclined groove.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating shaft is provided on the inner side of the vertical plate, a limiting pawl is provided at the end of the rotating shaft, a torsion spring is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is provided on the side wall of the vertical plate, and the limiting pawl is engaged in the inner ratchet.

[0015] Preferably, a baffle is provided on the upper surface of the base plate, a circular plate is provided on the outer side of the annular plate, and a cam is provided at one end of the circular plate that passes through the baffle.

[0016] Preferably, the outer side of the baffle is provided with a sliding groove, the inner wall of the sliding groove is provided with a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is provided with a stop plate, one end of the stop plate abuts against the outside of the limiting device, the outer side of the stop plate is provided with a limiting part, and the cam abuts against the outside of the limiting part.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, a dual-mechanism graded energy dissipation structure is formed by connecting a friction damper and a metal damper in series, which realizes a multi-level energy dissipation response from small displacement to large displacement, significantly improving the total energy dissipation capacity of the damper. The friction damper uses disc spring bolts to adjust the preload, which can flexibly adjust the initial friction force to adapt to different seismic requirements.

[0018] 2. In this invention, the energy dissipation of high-frequency micro-vibrations is achieved through the linkage of the inertial component and the ratchet mechanism. The limiting block generates relative sliding during vibration, which is driven by the straight plate, positioning rod and inclined groove driving column, driving the pawl to move the inner ratchet to make the ring plate rotate in one direction. The friction ring continuously dissipates energy, and the limiting pawl cooperates with the torsion spring to prevent reverse rotation, ensuring that the accumulated energy is not released. This widens the effective working frequency range of the damper and improves the comfort of the structure under daily wind vibration.

[0019] 3. In this invention, during small and medium vibrations, energy is mainly consumed by friction. When the vibration intensifies, the cam push increases, and the core plate enters the yielding state in advance, achieving seamless connection of multi-level energy consumption. This structure can adjust the intervention timing of the metal damper, enriching the levels of graded energy consumption and improving the adaptability to different vibrations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal view diagram of the invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the friction damper proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal ratchet proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the baffle proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting claw proposed in this invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Top plate; 2. Bottom plate; 3. Friction damper; 4. Metal damper; 5. Limiting device; 6. Inertial component; 7. Grading mechanism; 8. Vertical plate; 9. Fixed plate; 10. Friction pad; 13. Disc spring; 14. Side plate; 16. Core plate; 17. Stiffening plate; 18. Limiting rail; 19. Limiting block; 20. Telescopic rod; 21. Support plate; 22. Arc groove; 23. Annular plate; 24. Friction ring; 25. Inner ratchet; 26. Vertical plate; 27. Fixed rod; 28. Tension spring; 29. ​​Movable column; 30. Pawl; 31. Inclined groove; 32. Straight plate; 33. Positioning rod; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. Limiting pawl; 36. Torsion spring; 37. Baffle; 38. Circular plate; 39. Cam; 40. Slide groove; 41. Compression spring; 42. Abutment plate; 43. Limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] Example 1 further illustrates a dual-mechanism graded damper proposed in this invention, comprising a top plate 1 and a bottom plate 2, with a friction damper 3 and a metal damper 4 disposed between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, connected in series to increase frictional energy dissipation. It also includes a limiting device 5, which is deformable and disposed on both sides of the metal damper 4 to drive the metal damper 4 to move. A grading mechanism 7 is disposed on the upper end face of the bottom plate 2. As the vibration of the friction damper 3 increases, the metal damper 4 is driven to dissipate energy multiple times through the cooperation of the inertial element 6 and the grading mechanism 7. Depend on Figures 1 to 3It can be seen that the friction damper 3 includes vertical plates 8 symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base plate 2, a fixed plate 9 installed at the bottom end of the top plate 1, the fixed plate 9 is located between the two sets of vertical plates 8, a friction plate 10 abuts between the two sets of vertical plates 8, the vertical plates 8 and the fixed plate 9 are connected by bolts, and a disc spring 13 is provided between the two vertical plates 8. Specifically, the disc spring 13 is located between the vertical plates 8 and the fixed plate 9. The disc spring 13 is used to apply preload. By adjusting the preload of the disc spring 13 on the bolt, the initial friction force of the friction damper 3 can be changed, thereby realizing the adjustability of the energy dissipation capacity. The metal damper 4 includes a side plate 14 fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 2, a core plate 16 between the two sets of side plates 14, and a stiffening plate 17 fixed to the outside of the side plate 14. The limiting device 5 is fixed to the side plate 14 away from the friction damper 3. The grading mechanism 7 is located on the upper surface of the bottom end and is used for multi-stage energy dissipation of the friction damper 3 and the metal damper 4 as vibration increases.

[0028] Working principle: When the structure encounters wind-induced vibration, the friction plates 10 between the vertical plate 8 and the fixed plate 9 gradually press together, generating friction and achieving first-level energy dissipation. At this time, the core plate 16 of the metal damper 4 has not yet contacted the limiting device 5 and is in an elastic state, not participating in energy dissipation. When low-frequency vibration occurs, it drives the internal structure of the inertial component 6 to slide, thereby causing the grading mechanism 7 to contact the friction damper 3 for second-level energy dissipation. When the vibration intensifies, the friction damper 3 continues to slide and dissipate energy. At the same time, the core plate 16 of the metal damper 4 moves with the side plate 14 to contact the limiting device 5. The limiting device 5 prevents the core plate 16 from moving further freely, forcing the core plate 16 to undergo shear yielding and enter the plastic energy dissipation state. At this time, the friction damper 3 and the metal damper 4 work simultaneously to achieve multi-level energy dissipation.

[0029] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, the following technical features are added: the inertial component 6 includes a limiting rail 18 fixed to the outside of the vertical plate 8, a limiting block 19 slidably connected inside the limiting rail 18, a telescopic rod 20 movably connected to the bottom end of the top plate 1, the bottom end of the telescopic rod 20 movably connected to the upper end face of the limiting block 19, and the grading mechanism 7 includes a support plate 21 fixed to the upper end face of the bottom end, an arc groove 22 provided on the upper end face of the support plate 21, an annular plate 23 slidably connected inside the arc groove 22, a friction ring 24 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular plate 23, and an inner ratchet 25 formed on the inner side of the annular plate 23; Depend on Figures 1 to 5 It can be seen that the limiting rail 18 and the limiting block 19 are T-shaped structures. Since the bottom end of the top plate 1 is movably connected to the telescopic rod 20, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod 20 is movably connected to the upper end face of the limiting block 19, when the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 move relative to each other, the telescopic rod 20 drives the limiting block 19 to slide along the limiting rail 18. The limiting block 19 drives the friction ring 24 on the outside of the annular plate 23 to rotate in the arc groove 22 through the grading mechanism 7, further consuming energy. A vertical plate 26 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate 2. A fixing rod 27 is installed inside the vertical plate 26. A tension spring 28 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod 27. The tension spring 28 is a carbon spring with high strength. A movable column 29 is rotatably connected inside the vertical plate 26. A pawl 30 is rotatably connected to one side of the movable column 29. One end of the tension spring 28 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pawl 30. A groove 31 is provided at the end of the movable column 29. A straight plate 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting block 19. A positioning rod 33 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the straight plate 32. The positioning rod 33 is correspondingly slidably connected in the groove 31. A rotating shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the vertical plate 26. A limiting pawl 35 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 34. A torsion spring 36 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34. The torsion spring 36 is a carbon spring. One end of the torsion spring 36 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical plate 26. The limiting pawl 35 is stuck in the inner ratchet 25. Depend on Figures 4 to 8 It can be seen that a sloping plate-like structure is integrally formed on the left side of the vertical plate 26. A fixed rod 27 is installed inside the sloping plate-like structure. The fixed rod 27 is connected to a pawl 30 through a tension spring 28. At the same time, the movable column 29 is rotatably connected inside the vertical plate 26. A sloping plate-like structure is formed on the lower left side of the movable column 29. One end of the pawl 30 is rotatably connected inside the sloping plate-like structure. When the movable column 29 rotates, it drives the pawl 30 to rotate synchronously. The pawl 30 pushes the inner ratchet 25 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the tension spring 28 deforms. When the movable column 29 reverses, the pawl 30 moves counterclockwise to the upper tooth, and the limiting pawl 35 is locked in the inner ratchet 25 to prevent it from rotating back. Working principle: When the structure vibrates, a rapid relative displacement occurs between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. Due to inertia, the limiting block 19 slides relatively relatively relative to the vertical plate 8 within the limiting rail 18. This sliding is transmitted to the inclined groove 31 through the straight plate 32 and the positioning rod 33, driving the movable column 29 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the pawl 30 to move the inner ratchet 25 of the annular plate 23, causing the annular plate 23 to rotate unidirectionally along the arc groove 22. When the annular plate 23 rotates, the friction ring 24 on its outer wall generates friction energy with the support plate 21 or adjacent structures. At the same time, the limiting pawl 35 prevents the annular plate 23 from reversing under the action of the torsion spring 36, ensuring that the accumulated unidirectional rotation is not released. As the number of vibrations increases, the annular plate 23 gradually rotates, and the friction ring 24 continues to consume energy, realizing the sensitive start of high-frequency vibration with small displacement.

[0030] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 2, the following technical features are added: A baffle 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base plate 2; a circular plate 38 is integrally formed on the outer side of the annular plate 23; a cam 39 is fixedly connected to one end of the circular plate 38 that passes through the baffle 37; a sliding groove 40 is provided on the outer side of the baffle 37; a compression spring 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 40; the compression spring 41 is a carbon spring with high strength; a stop plate 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the compression spring 41; one end of the stop plate 42 abuts against the outer side of the limiting device 5; a limiting part 43 is integrally formed on the outer side of the stop plate 42; and the cam 39 abuts against the outer side of the limiting part 43.

[0031] Depend on Figures 3 to 8 It is known that a baffle 37 is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate 2. The baffle 37 is not in contact with the circular plate 38, and the circular plate 38 is integrally formed with the annular plate 23. When the annular plate 23 rotates, it drives the cam 39 on the outer side of the circular plate 38 to rotate. Since the baffle 37 has a long strip groove 40 on the outer side, and a stop plate 42 is fixed in the groove 40 by a compression spring 41, when the cam 39 rotates, its outer arc surface contacts the limiting part 43, thereby driving the stop plate 42 to squeeze the limiting device 5, thus advancing the contact between the core plate 16 and the limiting device 5, achieving the effect of multi-stage energy consumption. Working principle: When the annular plate 23 rotates unidirectionally along the arc groove 22 under the action of the pawl 30, the circular plate 38 integrally formed with it rotates synchronously, driving the cam 39 fixed at the end of the circular plate 38 to rotate. The outer edge of the cam 39 is an arc surface, which is always in contact with the limiting part 43 on the outer side of the abutment plate 42. As the cam 39 rotates, its arc surface gradually pushes the limiting part 43, causing the abutment plate 42 to overcome the elastic force of the compression spring 41 and move outward along the slide groove 40. The other end of the abutment plate 42 directly presses against the limiting device 5, thereby applying an increased thrust to the limiting device 5. Under normal conditions, the core plate 16 of the metal damper 4 needs to move a certain distance with the side plate 14 before it can contact the limiting device 5. However, in this embodiment, since the abutment plate 42 pushes the limiting device 5 in advance, the limiting device 5 deforms, which is equivalent to shortening the gap between the core plate 16 and the limiting device 5. In this way, even if the core plate 16 has not yet moved into place, the limiting device 5 has actively approached the core plate 16 under the push of the abutment plate 42, so that the core plate 16 contacts the limiting device 5 earlier and undergoes shear yielding. When the vibration is still at a low to medium level, the rotation angle of the annular plate 23 is small, and the cam 39 is not squeezed against the limiting part 43. The energy is mainly consumed by the friction damper 3. When the vibration increases and the rotation angle of the annular plate 23 increases, the cam 39 pushes the limiting device 5 to a position closer to the core plate 16, so that the core plate 16 is forced to yield under a smaller structural displacement, thus entering the dual-machine energy consumption stage in advance. As the vibration continues to intensify, the core plate 16 of the metal damper 4 comes into full contact with the limiting device 5. The limiting device 5 prevents the core plate 16 from moving freely further, forcing the core plate 16 to undergo shear yielding and enter the plastic energy dissipation state. At this time, the friction damper 3 and the metal damper 4 work simultaneously to achieve multi-stage energy dissipation.

[0032] This device dynamically adjusts the position of the limiting device 5, thereby allowing the activation timing of the metal damper 4 to adapt to the vibration intensity, further enriching the levels of graded energy consumption and improving the damper's adaptability to different vibrations.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mechanism graded damper, comprising a top plate and a bottom plate, characterized in that, A friction damper and a metal damper are connected in series between the top plate and the bottom plate to increase frictional energy dissipation. The damper also includes... Limiting devices are located on both sides of the metal damper to drive the metal damper to move. The grading mechanism is located on the upper surface of the base plate. As the vibration of the friction damper increases, the metal damper is driven to consume energy multiple times through the cooperation of the inertial components and the grading mechanism. The grading mechanism includes an inertial component, which includes a limiting rail disposed on the outside of the vertical plate, and a limiting block disposed within the limiting rail; A vertical plate is provided on the upper surface of the base plate, a fixed rod is provided inside the vertical plate, a tension spring is provided on the outer wall of the fixed rod, a movable column is provided inside the vertical plate, a pawl is provided on one side of the movable column, one end of the tension spring is provided on the outer wall of the pawl, a slanted groove is provided at one end of the movable column that passes through the vertical plate, a straight plate is provided on the side wall of the limiting block, a positioning rod is provided on the side wall of the straight plate, and the positioning rod is correspondingly slidably connected in the slanted groove; A rotating shaft is provided on the inner side of the vertical plate. A limiting pawl is provided at the end of the rotating shaft. A torsion spring is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is provided on the side wall of the vertical plate. The limiting pawl is engaged in the inner ratchet.

2. The dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction damper includes vertical plates symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base plate, a fixed plate at the bottom of the top plate, the fixed plate being located between the two sets of vertical plates, friction plates being arranged between the two sets of vertical plates, the vertical plates and the fixed plate being connected by bolts, and disc springs being arranged between the two sets of vertical plates.

3. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal damper includes side plates disposed opposite each other on the upper surface of the base plate, a core plate between the two sets of side plates, and a stiffening plate disposed on the outside of the side plates. The limiting device is fixed to the side of the side plate away from the friction damper.

4. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, A telescopic rod is provided at the bottom of the top plate, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod is located on the upper surface of the limiting block.

5. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grading mechanism includes a support plate disposed on the upper surface of the bottom end, the upper surface of the support plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and an annular plate is disposed in the arc-shaped groove.

6. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, A friction ring is provided on the outer wall of the annular plate, and an inner ratchet is formed on the inner side of the annular plate.

7. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, A baffle is provided on the upper surface of the base plate, a circular plate is provided on the outer side of the annular plate, and a cam is provided at one end of the circular plate that passes through the baffle.

8. A dual-mechanism graded damper according to claim 7, characterized in that, The baffle is provided with a sliding groove on the outside, and a compression spring is provided on the inner wall of the sliding groove. One end of the compression spring is provided with a stop plate, and one end of the stop plate abuts against the outside of the limiting device. A limiting part is provided on the outside of the stop plate, and the cam abuts against the outside of the limiting part.

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