A kind of energy-saving based on drilling fluid circulation collapse column directional drilling equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on drilling fluid circulation energy-saving collapse column directional drilling equipment, it is related to geological drilling equipment technical field, including drilling machine, the inside of the drilling machine is provided with drill rod, the end of the drill rod is installed with drill bit, the outside of the drill rod is provided with reinforcing mechanism;The reinforcing mechanism includes rotationally installed in the outside of the drill rod rotation sleeve, the end of the rotation sleeve is rotationally installed with several annular alloy flaps that are evenly distributed, the rear of each alloy flap is extruded and distributed with one alloy push plate, the inside of each alloy push plate is also provided with a blanking port, the alloy flap and the alloy push plate are parallel distribution, so that the drilling fluid mixture generated by the drill bit drilling is circulated from the blanking port.The application discloses a kind of based on drilling fluid circulation energy-saving collapse column directional drilling equipment can be adapted to collapse column terrain, maintain the stable circulation of drilling fluid, with the effect of high perfection and multifunctionality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving. Background Technology

[0002] Collapse columns are common, concealed geological structures in my country's coal mining. Their internal rock masses are fractured and highly fissured, making them a major channel for mine water inrush. During directional drilling in collapse column areas, severe formation fracturing leads to significant drilling fluid loss, a core challenge restricting project efficiency. Studies show that leakage rates in fractured formations can reach 7-8 m³ / h or more, making wellhead water return difficult and hindering the establishment of positive circulation. This severe drilling fluid loss not only wastes materials and increases construction costs but also leads to poor cuttings removal and frequent borehole accidents, directly impacting drilling efficiency and project quality.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main solutions to drilling fluid loss during collapse column drilling are passive measures such as grouting and increasing drilling fluid viscosity. However, these methods suffer from long construction cycles, high costs, and unstable results. In terms of drill string structure, there are existing reamers that can enlarge the borehole diameter, but they lack the function of actively utilizing formation characteristics to seal leakage channels during drilling. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an energy-saving drilling equipment that can actively address drilling fluid loss and achieve drilling fluid recycling during collapse column drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving, which aims to solve the problem of drilling fluid loss in collapse column drilling. Traditional equipment's passive response measures have technical problems such as long construction period, high cost and unstable effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A collapse column directional drilling device based on drilling fluid circulation energy saving includes a drilling rig, a drill rod is provided inside the drilling rig, a drill bit is installed at the end of the drill rod, and an active drilling fluid leakage prevention reinforcement mechanism is provided on the outside of the drill rod, the reinforcement mechanism being distributed behind the drill bit.

[0007] The reinforcement mechanism includes a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the outside of the drill pipe. Several alloy flaps evenly distributed in a ring are rotatably mounted on the end of the rotating sleeve. An alloy push plate is squeezed and distributed behind each alloy flap. The alloy push plate is slidably mounted on the outside of the rotating sleeve. A discharge port is opened through the interior of each alloy push plate. Under normal conditions, the alloy flaps and alloy push plates are distributed in parallel, causing the drilling fluid mixture generated by the drill bit to flow through the discharge port.

[0008] Building upon existing sinkhole drilling equipment and technology, a reinforcement mechanism is installed immediately behind the drill bit. This reinforcement mechanism consists primarily of an alloy flapper and an alloy pusher plate. Normally, the alloy pusher plate and alloy flapper are horizontally distributed, with the built-in discharge port on the alloy pusher plate controlling the discharge of the drilling fluid mixture. Upon contact with the sinkhole, the alloy pusher plate extends the alloy flapper, coordinating with the drill bit's movement to guide the drilling fluid mixture towards and press it against the borehole wall. This reinforcement mechanism then creates a seal on the borehole wall. This reinforcement layer significantly reduces drilling fluid loss into the fractured formation of the collapse column, enabling the drilling fluid to effectively flow back to the surface for solids control and recycling. This saves drilling fluid material consumption, reduces overall drilling costs, and allows the reinforcement mechanism to simultaneously complete borehole wall preparation, impurity compression, and sealing layer formation during drilling. No additional procedures are required, and the pure drilling time is not increased, resulting in high construction efficiency. The compacted sealing layer also acts as a wall protector, which helps maintain the stability of the borehole wall in the fractured formation and reduces borehole accidents such as collapse and stuck drill bits.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, an alloy kit is sleeved and fixed to the outer sides of several alloy push plates. The alloy kit seals the gaps between the alloy push plates and compresses the drilling fluid mixture as it flows between the inner wall of the borehole and the outer wall of the alloy kit. A sealing component is sleeved and fixed to the outer side of the drill pipe, which seals the gaps between the expanded alloy flaps.

[0010] By setting alloy kits and sealing components on the outer sides of the alloy push plate and alloy flip plate respectively, as the alloy push plate pushes the alloy flip plate horizontally, the alloy kits and sealing components can maintain the relative sealing of the gap between the push plate and the flip plate while the alloy push plate and the flip plate change state, preventing large-scale sludge blockage inside the reinforcement mechanism and improving the integrity of the equipment operation.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly includes several triangular pieces that fit closely into the gap between the alloy flaps. The triangular pieces and the alloy flaps are interspersed, and each triangular piece is fixedly connected by a cutting edge and the same clamp. The clamp is sleeved and installed on the outside of the drill rod.

[0012] By setting the main body of the enclosed component to consist of a triangular piece and a cutting edge, the triangular piece maintains the relative sealing between the alloy flaps while the cutting edge can crush large volumes of rock as the drill rod moves continuously, thereby improving the completeness and functionality of the equipment.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the alloy flap is provided with a sliding groove, the end of the alloy push plate is provided with a sliding member, the sliding member and the sliding groove are slidably connected, the end of the alloy flap is provided with an arc-shaped surface, the arc-shaped surface and the alloy push plate are in pressing contact, the top of the alloy push plate is provided with a connecting surface, when the alloy flap is in a horizontal state, the arc-shaped surface and the top of the sliding member are flush and connected, when the alloy flap is in an extended state, the arc-shaped surface and the connecting surface are flush and connected.

[0014] First, a sliding groove and sliding component structure are provided between the alloy flap and the alloy push plate. The sliding groove and sliding component structure maintain the relative stability between the two. At the same time, the arc-shaped surface and connecting surface structure on the outer side of the alloy flap and the alloy push plate cooperate with the top of the sliding groove to adapt to different operating states of the mechanism, while maintaining the relative sealing of the equipment in various operating states and improving the operational completeness of the equipment.

[0015] As can be seen from the above, the directional drilling equipment for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation provided by the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0016] Firstly, this equipment utilizes the relative transformation of alloy push plates and alloy flaps to control the normal discharge of drilling fluid mixtures by switching their forms, and guides the drilling fluid mixtures towards the inner wall of the borehole and presses them onto the inner wall, thereby forming a sealing layer on the borehole wall. This significantly reduces the leakage of drilling fluid into the collapsed column and broken formation, allowing the drilling fluid to effectively flow back to the surface for solids control and recycling, saving drilling fluid material consumption and reducing overall drilling costs.

[0017] Secondly, the operation of this reinforcement mechanism can simultaneously complete borehole wall preparation, impurity squeezing, and sealing layer formation during drilling, without the need for additional procedures or increased drilling time, resulting in high construction efficiency. The compacted sealing layer also serves as a protective layer, which helps maintain the stability of the borehole wall in fractured formations and reduces borehole accidents such as collapse and stuck drill bits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe operating state proposed in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe operating state proposed in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the reinforcement mechanism structure proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alloy pusher plate structure proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a side view of the alloy pusher plate structure proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the operational status changes of the reinforcement mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Drilling rig; 2. Drill rod; 201. Drill bit; 202. Bolt; 3. Reinforcing mechanism; 301. Rotating sleeve; 302. Alloy flap; 3021. Sliding groove; 3022. Arc surface; 303. Alloy push plate; 3031. Sliding component; 3032. Connecting surface; 3033. Storage groove; 304. Discharge port; 305. Hydraulic push rod; 306. Alloy kit; 307. Enclosure assembly; 3071. Triangular component; 3072. Cutting edge; 3073. Clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] The present invention discloses a directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving, which is mainly used in the scenario of drilling exploration of the terrain around collapse columns.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 8 A directional drilling device for a collapse column based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving includes a drilling rig 1, a drill rod 2 is provided inside the drilling rig 1, a drill bit 201 is installed at the end of the drill rod 2, and a reinforcement mechanism 3 for actively preventing drilling fluid leakage on the inner wall of the borehole is provided on the outside of the drill rod 2. The reinforcement mechanism 3 is distributed behind the drill bit 201.

[0030] The reinforcement mechanism 3 includes a rotating sleeve 301 rotatably mounted on the outside of the drill rod 2. Several alloy flaps 302 evenly distributed in a ring are rotatably mounted on the end of the rotating sleeve 301. An alloy pusher 303 is squeezed and distributed behind each alloy flap 302. The alloy pusher 303 is slidably mounted on the outside of the rotating sleeve 301. A discharge port 304 is opened through the interior of each alloy pusher 303. Under normal conditions, the alloy flaps 302 and alloy pushers 303 are distributed in parallel, causing the drilling fluid mixture generated by the drill bit 201 to flow through the discharge port 304.

[0031] In this embodiment: the drilling rig 1 controls the drill rod 2 to move along the geological layer to be explored, and the drill bit 201 moves along the geological layer while drilling and injecting drilling fluid. The drilling fluid mixture mixed with gravel and fragments flows from the feed port 304 and is discharged from the borehole. After being filtered by external equipment, it is guided back into the drill bit 201 for recycling. When the drill rod 2 enters the collapsed column fractured stratum, the alloy pusher plate 303 moves horizontally. While moving, it squeezes the alloy flap 302, causing the alloy flap 302 to expand towards the inner wall of the borehole and interact with the alloy... The tops of the pusher plates 303 are in contact with each other. As the drill pipe 2 rotates and advances, the drilling fluid mixture generated during drilling will be guided and moved along the surface of the alloy flap 302, and the rock cuttings, gravel and other impurities generated during drilling will be guided to the annular gap formed by the borehole wall and the alloy pusher plates 303. Subsequently, during the continuous rotation of the alloy pusher plates 303, the impurities accumulated in the annular gap will be squeezed, and some of the impurities will be compacted on the surface of the borehole wall and in the cracks, forming a dense sealing layer, thereby sealing the cracks in the borehole wall and preventing a large amount of leakage during the backflow of drilling fluid to the borehole outlet.

[0032] Each alloy push plate 303 is driven to a hydraulic push rod 305 at its tail. The hydraulic push rod 305 is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating sleeve 301. The bottom of the alloy flip plate 302 is provided with a sliding groove 3021. The end of the alloy push plate 303 is provided with a sliding member 3031. The sliding member 3031 and the sliding groove 3021 are slidably connected to maintain the stability between the alloy push plate 303 and the alloy flip plate 302.

[0033] Furthermore, the alloy push plate 303 has a storage groove 3033 on its back, and the hydraulic push rod 305 is stored inside the storage groove 3033. The storage groove 3033 is used to hide and store the hydraulic push rod 305. Each drill rod 2 has a bolt 202 at its end, and the drill rods 2 are connected to each other by bolts 202.

[0034] Reference Figures 2 to 5 In a preferred embodiment, an alloy kit 306 is sleeved and fixed to the outer side of several alloy push plates 303. The alloy kit 306 seals the gap between the alloy push plates 303 and compresses the drilling fluid mixture when it flows between the inner wall of the borehole and the outer wall of the alloy kit 306. A sealing component 307 is sleeved and fixed to the outer side of the drill pipe 2. The sealing component 307 seals the gap between the expanded alloy flaps 302. The sealing component 307 includes several triangular pieces 3071 that fit tightly against the gap between the alloy flaps 302. The triangular pieces 3071 and the alloy flaps 302 are interspersed. Each triangular piece 3071 is fixedly connected by a cutting edge 3072 and the same clamp 3073. The clamp 3073 is sleeved and installed on the outer side of the drill pipe 2.

[0035] Under normal conditions, when the alloy flap 302 and the alloy push plate 303 are in their initial positions, the sealing component 307 can move along with the drill rod 2 and use the cutting edge 3072 to cut and guide the gravel generated during drilling. When the alloy push plate 303 pushes the alloy flap 302 to fold, the sealing component 307 can use the triangular piece 3071 to block the gap between the alloy flaps 302.

[0036] Reference Figures 2 to 8 In a preferred embodiment, the end of the alloy flap 302 is provided with an arc-shaped surface 3022, which is in contact with the alloy push plate 303. The top of the alloy push plate 303 is provided with a connecting surface 3032. When the alloy flap 302 is in a horizontal state, the arc-shaped surface 3022 and the top of the sliding member 3031 are flush and connected. When the alloy flap 302 is in an extended state, the arc-shaped surface 3022 and the connecting surface 3032 are flush and connected. This ensures that the alloy flap 302 can cooperate with the alloy push plate 303 to stably guide the impurities generated during drilling, regardless of the working mode of the equipment.

[0037] Working Principle: During operation, the drilling rig 1 controls the drill rod 2 to move along the geological layer to be explored. The drill bit 201 moves along the geological layer while drilling and injecting drilling fluid. The drilling fluid mixture mixed with gravel and fragments flows from the feed port 304 and is discharged from the borehole. After being filtered by external equipment, it is guided back into the drill bit 201 for recycling. When the drill rod 2 enters the collapsed column fractured stratum, the alloy push plate 303 is driven by the hydraulic push rod 305 and moves horizontally. While moving, it squeezes the alloy flap 302, causing the alloy flap 302 to expand towards the inner wall of the borehole and come into contact with the top of the alloy push plate 303. At this time, as the drill rod 2 rotates and advances, the drilling fluid mixture generated during drilling will be guided along the surface of the alloy flap 302, and the rock cuttings, gravel and other impurities generated during drilling will be guided into the annular gap formed by the borehole wall and the alloy push plate 303. The specific state is shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown; subsequently, the alloy kit 306 located outside the alloy pusher plate 303 exerts a squeezing effect on the impurities accumulated in the annular gap during continuous rotation, compacting some of the impurities onto the surface of the borehole wall and in the cracks, forming a dense sealing layer, thereby sealing the cracks in the borehole wall and preventing drilling fluid from seeping into the cracks in the borehole wall.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving, comprising a drilling rig (1), characterized in that, The drilling rig (1) is equipped with a drill rod (2) inside, and a drill bit (201) is installed at the end of the drill rod (2). An active reinforcement mechanism (3) for preventing drilling fluid leakage is provided on the outside of the drill rod (2). The reinforcement mechanism (3) is located behind the drill bit (201). The reinforcement mechanism (3) includes a rotating sleeve (301) rotatably mounted on the outside of the drill rod (2). Several alloy flaps (302) evenly distributed in a ring are rotatably mounted on the end of the rotating sleeve (301). An alloy push plate (303) is squeezed and distributed behind each alloy flap (302). The alloy push plate (303) is slidably mounted on the outside of the rotating sleeve (301). A discharge port (304) is opened through the interior of each alloy push plate (303). Under normal conditions, the alloy flaps (302) and the alloy push plates (303) are distributed in parallel, so that the drilling fluid mixture generated by the drill bit (201) flows through the discharge port (304).

2. The energy-saving directional drilling equipment for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of each alloy push plate (303) is driven to a hydraulic push rod (305), which is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating sleeve (301).

3. The energy-saving directional drilling equipment for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An alloy kit (306) is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of several alloy push plates (303). The alloy kit (306) seals the gap between the alloy push plates (303) and compresses the drilling fluid mixture when it flows between the inner wall of the borehole and the outer wall of the alloy kit (306). A sealing component (307) is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the drill pipe (2). The sealing component (307) seals the gap between the expanded alloy flaps (302).

4. The energy-saving directional drilling equipment for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The enclosure component (307) includes several triangular pieces (3071) that fit closely into the gaps of the alloy flap (302), and the triangular pieces (3071) and the alloy flap (302) are interspersed.

5. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the triangular pieces (3071) is fixedly connected by a cutting edge (3072) and the same clamp (3073), which is sleeved on the outside of the drill rod (2).

6. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the alloy flap (302) is provided with a sliding groove (3021), and the end of the alloy push plate (303) is provided with a sliding member (3031). The sliding member (3031) and the sliding groove (3021) are slidably connected.

7. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the alloy flap (302) is provided with an arc-shaped surface (3022), and the arc-shaped surface (3022) and the alloy push plate (303) are in extrusion contact.

8. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the alloy push plate (303) is provided with a connecting surface (3032). When the alloy flip plate (302) is in a horizontal state, the top of the arc surface (3022) and the top of the sliding member (3031) are flush together. When the alloy flip plate (302) is in an extended state, the arc surface (3022) and the connecting surface (3032) are flush together.

9. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alloy push plate (303) has a storage groove (3033) on its back, and the hydraulic push rod (305) is stored inside the storage groove (3033).

10. A directional drilling device for collapse columns based on drilling fluid circulation and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each drill rod (2) is provided with a bolt (202) at its end, and the drill rods (2) are connected to each other by means of the bolt (202).

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