A full hydraulic double-cavity cooperative energy storage accelerating jar

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for oil drilling, and particularly relates to a full-hydraulic double-cavity collaborative energy storage accelerating jar, which comprises driving modules, a hydraulic accelerating module and a hydraulic energy storage module arranged in sequence along an axial direction, the driving module comprises a spline spindle and an impact hammer, the hydraulic accelerating module comprises an accelerating spindle, an accelerating cavity outer cylinder and a moving piston, the accelerating cavity outer cylinder and the accelerating spindle form a hydraulic accelerating cavity filled with compressible fluid, the hydraulic energy storage module comprises an energy storage spindle, an energy storage cavity outer cylinder, a balance piston and a pressure relief mechanism, the energy storage cavity outer cylinder and the energy storage spindle form a hydraulic energy storage cavity filled with hydraulic oil, and the two cavities are independent of each other. The jar synchronously stores energy in the energy storage stage through the two cavities, and the two energy streams are instantaneously superimposed to act on the impact hammer when released, and the rigid impact of the hydraulic oil and the elastic buffering of the compressible fluid form a composite energy output mode, which can adapt to different downhole sticking conditions with different resistances and improve the efficiency of the unjamming operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of downhole tools technology for oil drilling, and specifically relates to a fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock device. Background Technology

[0002] During oil and gas drilling operations, drill string sticking failures frequently occur due to various factors such as complex formation structures, wellbore collapse, sediment accumulation, and drill string adhesion. These failures can range from minor delays and increased operating costs to severe damage to drilling tools and even wellbore abandonment, resulting in significant economic losses. Hydraulic shock absorbers are the core tools for downhole unsticking operations. They convert the hydraulic energy accumulated during drill string lifting or lowering into instantaneous impact energy, which is then applied to the stuck point to unstick the drill string. They are widely used in various downhole unsticking operations.

[0003] Currently, most traditional hydraulic shock absorbers on the market adopt a single-chamber energy storage structure, relying solely on a single hydraulic medium to achieve energy storage and impact operation. These tools typically consist of a spindle, piston, hydraulic cylinder, valve body, and sealing components. The spindle moves to compress hydraulic oil, which slowly overflows and releases pressure through the gap between the valve body and the valve core. During the pressure build-up process, energy is stored in the drill string. When the piston moves to the pressure relief position, the pressure-up oil is suddenly unloaded, releasing the stored energy and generating a shock. However, this single-cavity structure has revealed many technical defects in long-term engineering practice: First, the energy storage method is singular and the energy storage capacity is limited. For stubborn stuck drill conditions such as deep wells and hard formations, the impact force is insufficient and the success rate of unsticking is low. Second, the energy output mode is singular, consisting only of rigid hydraulic impact without elastic buffering and energy amplification structures. It cannot adapt to complex stuck drill conditions such as soft formations and light resistance, and its versatility is poor. Third, the energy conversion efficiency is low, the impact response speed is slow, the energy loss in a single operation is large, and the stability of continuous operation is insufficient. Fourth, the single-cavity structure cannot achieve energy superposition and amplification, making it difficult to improve the impact speed and impact force, and its adaptability to high-intensity unsticking operations is extremely poor.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, some existing improvement solutions optimize the fit clearance between the valve body and valve core or use adjustable flow valves to regulate the oil discharge rate, aiming to improve the controllability of the impact force. Others employ a dual-cylinder or dual-chamber structure to achieve bidirectional impact functionality. Furthermore, a split-type solution has emerged in engineering practice, where a hydraulic accelerator is connected in series above the impactor as an independent tool. The accelerator stores elastic potential energy using a compressible medium, which is released during impact to enhance the effect. However, none of these improvements overcome the energy bottleneck of single-chamber energy storage. While a dual-cylinder structure can achieve bidirectional impact, each chamber is still filled with a single type of hydraulic oil, failing to achieve functional zoning and energy superposition for energy storage and acceleration. Although a split-type accelerator can increase the impact force, it must be used in series with the impactor as an independent tool, increasing the length and complexity of the downhole tool assembly. Moreover, the energy release has a sequential order, preventing instantaneous superposition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber, which solves the technical problems of existing hydraulic shock absorbers that, due to their single-chamber energy storage structure and reliance on a single hydraulic medium for energy storage and impact, have limited energy storage capacity, insufficient impact force, and a single energy output mode.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A fully hydraulic dual-chamber collaborative energy storage and acceleration shock absorber is provided, comprising a drive module, a hydraulic acceleration module and a hydraulic energy storage module arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction; The drive module includes a splined mandrel and an impact hammer connected to the splined mandrel; The hydraulic acceleration module includes an acceleration mandrel, an acceleration chamber outer cylinder, and a moving piston. The upper end of the acceleration mandrel is connected to the impact hammer. The moving piston is mounted on the acceleration mandrel. The acceleration chamber outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the acceleration mandrel. A hydraulic acceleration chamber is formed between the acceleration chamber outer cylinder and the acceleration mandrel. The hydraulic acceleration chamber is filled with compressible fluid. The hydraulic energy storage module includes an energy storage mandrel, an outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber, a balance piston, and a pressure relief mechanism. The pressure relief mechanism is sealed to the energy storage mandrel. The upper end of the energy storage mandrel is connected to the lower end of the acceleration mandrel. The balance piston is located at the lower end of the energy storage mandrel. The upper end of the outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber is connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder of the acceleration chamber. The outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber is sleeved on the outside of the energy storage mandrel. A hydraulic energy storage chamber is formed between the outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber and the energy storage mandrel. The hydraulic energy storage chamber is filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber are independent of each other.

[0007] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: This shock absorber integrates the two major functions of energy accumulation and impact acceleration into a single tool by arranging the drive module, hydraulic acceleration module, and hydraulic energy storage module sequentially along the axial direction. This changes the traditional shock absorber's working mode of relying on a single hydraulic chamber to simultaneously complete energy storage and impact. The hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber are independent of each other and are filled with hydraulic oil and compressible fluid, respectively. This allows the two chambers to simultaneously store hydraulic energy and elastic potential energy during the energy storage phase. During the release phase, the two energies are instantaneously superimposed and act together on the impact hammer through the structure of the impact hammer being fixedly connected to the acceleration mandrel and the energy storage mandrel, respectively. As a result, the impact energy output in a single operation is much higher than that of the traditional single-chamber structure. This effectively solves the technical problems of traditional single-chamber shock absorbers, which have limited energy storage capacity, insufficient impact force, and a single energy output mode due to the single energy storage method and reliance on a single hydraulic medium.

[0008] In the drive module, the splined mandrel is fixedly connected to the impact hammer, allowing the drill string motion to be directly transmitted to the impact hammer. This ensures that the impact hammer moves synchronously with the splined mandrel during energy storage and achieves sufficient acceleration during the release phase. The hydraulic acceleration chamber is formed by the outer cylinder of the acceleration chamber and the acceleration mandrel. The moving piston moves with the acceleration mandrel and compresses the compressible fluid, allowing the compressible fluid to store elastic potential energy, creating a liquid spring effect. Upon release, this elastic potential energy is rapidly converted into the kinetic energy of the impact hammer, achieving secondary energy amplification. Simultaneously, the buffering characteristics of the compressible fluid give the impact force elastic characteristics, avoiding excessive damage to the drill bit from rigid impacts. The hydraulic energy storage chamber is formed by the outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber and the energy storage mandrel. The balance piston moves with the energy storage mandrel and compresses the hydraulic oil, utilizing the incompressible nature of the hydraulic oil to achieve stable energy storage. The pressure relief mechanism is sealed to the energy storage mandrel, ensuring reliable sealing of the hydraulic oil during energy storage. Upon release, the pressure relief mechanism releases the seal, and the hydraulic oil instantly releases pressure, generating a rigid explosive force that complements the elastic impact of the compressible fluid. Furthermore, the two working media with different characteristics generate two types of power outputs: rigid impact and elastic impact. This allows the shock absorber to provide high-intensity impact on stubborn stuck points such as deep wells and hard formations, while also being able to adapt to complex working conditions such as soft formations and low resistance through elastic buffering. This significantly improves the efficiency and success rate of downhole unblocking operations.

[0009] Furthermore, the moving piston includes an upper moving piston and a lower moving piston, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the outer wall of the acceleration spindle.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer circular seals of the upper and lower moving pistons respectively form interference-fit seal sections with the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the acceleration chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure relief mechanism includes an upper valve body assembly and a lower valve body assembly. The energy storage spindle passes through the inner holes of the upper valve body assembly and the lower valve body assembly, and the outer wall of the energy storage spindle forms an interference fit section with the inner wall of the upper valve body assembly and the lower valve body assembly, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic energy storage module also includes a balance outer cylinder, which is sleeved on the outside of the balance piston. The upper end of the balance outer cylinder is connected to the lower end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder, and a lower connector is provided at the lower end of the balance outer cylinder. The upper valve body assembly is located on the inner wall of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder, and the lower valve body assembly is located on the inner wall of the balance outer cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the balance piston and the inner wall of the balance outer cylinder slide and seal together.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower end of the spline mandrel and the upper end of the impact hammer, the lower end of the impact hammer and the upper end of the acceleration mandrel, and the lower end of the acceleration mandrel and the upper end of the energy storage mandrel are all threaded connections.

[0015] Furthermore, the drive module also includes a splined outer cylinder, a first transition joint, and a second transition joint. The splined outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the splined mandrel, and the first transition joint is sleeved on the outer wall of the impact hammer. The upper end of the first transition joint is connected to the lower end of the splined outer cylinder, and the lower end of the first transition joint is connected to the upper end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder. The upper end of the second transition joint is connected to the lower end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder, and the lower end of the second transition joint is connected to the upper end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder. At least one of the first and second transition joints has a vent hole in its middle.

[0016] Furthermore, the compressible fluid is silicone oil.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydraulic acceleration module also includes an upper fixing nut and a lower fixing nut, which are respectively mounted on the acceleration spindle and abut against the upper end face of the upper moving piston and the lower end face of the lower moving piston.

[0018] In summary, the fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention integrates energy storage and impact acceleration into the same tool by arranging the drive module, hydraulic acceleration module and hydraulic energy storage module in sequence along the axial direction, which changes the traditional working mode of simultaneously completing energy storage and impact in a single chamber. The hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber are independent of each other and are filled with hydraulic oil and compressible fluid respectively, so that the two chambers simultaneously store hydraulic energy and elastic potential energy during the energy storage stage. When released, the two energies are instantaneously superimposed and act together on the impact hammer through the connection between the impact hammer and the acceleration mandrel and the energy storage mandrel. This effectively solves the technical problems of limited energy storage capacity, insufficient impact force and single energy output mode of the single chamber energy storage structure.

[0019] (2) In this invention, the spline mandrel of the drive module is fixedly connected to the impact hammer, so that the drill string movement can be directly transmitted to the impact hammer, ensuring that the impact hammer moves synchronously with the spline mandrel during the energy storage process and obtains sufficient acceleration stroke during the release phase, providing a structural basis for the efficient conversion of the energy stored in the hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber into the kinetic energy of the impact hammer.

[0020] (3) In this invention, the hydraulic acceleration chamber is formed by the outer cylinder of the acceleration chamber and the acceleration mandrel. The moving piston moves with the acceleration mandrel and compresses the compressible fluid, so that the compressible fluid stores elastic potential energy to form a liquid spring effect. When released, the elastic potential energy is quickly converted into the kinetic energy of the impact hammer to achieve secondary energy amplification. At the same time, the buffering characteristics of the compressible fluid make this part of the impact force have elastic characteristics, avoiding excessive damage to the drill bit caused by a single rigid impact.

[0021] (4) In this invention, the hydraulic energy storage chamber is formed by the outer cylinder of the energy storage chamber and the energy storage mandrel. The balance piston moves with the energy storage mandrel and compresses the hydraulic oil. The incompressible property of the hydraulic oil is used to achieve stable energy storage. The pressure relief mechanism and the energy storage mandrel are sealed together to ensure that the hydraulic oil is reliably sealed during the energy storage process. When released, the pressure relief mechanism releases the seal, and the hydraulic oil is depressurized instantaneously to generate a high-intensity rigid explosive force, which complements the elastic impact generated by the compressible fluid. This allows the shock absorber to provide high-intensity impact on stubborn stuck points such as deep wells and hard formations, and to adapt to complex working conditions such as soft formations and light resistance through elastic buffering, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of downhole unblocking operations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fully hydraulic dual-cavity synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage starting point structure of the hydraulic energy storage module under the condition of shock.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage starting point structure of the hydraulic acceleration module under the above shock condition.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic energy storage module release end structure under the condition of shock.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic acceleration module release end structure under the above shock condition.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the impact surface under the above-ground impact condition.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage starting point structure of the hydraulic energy storage module under the condition of a downward shock.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage starting point structure of the hydraulic acceleration module under the condition of a shock.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic energy storage module release end structure under the condition of a shock.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic acceleration module release end structure under the condition of a shock.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the impact surface location under the lower impact state.

[0033] The components are as follows: 1. Splined mandrel; 2. Straightening outer cylinder; 3. Splined outer cylinder; 4. Impact hammer; 5. First transition joint; 6. Upper sealing piston; 7. Upper fixing nut; 8. Upper moving piston; 9. Accelerating mandrel; 10. Lower moving piston; 11. Lower fixing nut; 12. Accelerating chamber outer cylinder; 13. Lower sealing piston; 14. Second transition joint; 15. Energy storage chamber outer cylinder; 16. Upper valve body protective sleeve; 17. Upper valve body assembly; 18. Connecting joint; 19. Lower valve body assembly; 20. Lower valve body protective sleeve; 21. Energy storage mandrel; 22. Balance piston; 23. Balance outer cylinder; 24. Lower joint. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration impactor provided by the present invention includes a drive module, a hydraulic acceleration module, and a hydraulic energy storage module arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction. The drive module includes a splined mandrel 1, a centering outer cylinder 2 sleeved on the outside of the splined mandrel 1, a splined outer cylinder 3 connected to the lower end of the centering outer cylinder 2, and an impact hammer 4 connected to the lower end of the splined mandrel 1. A first transition joint 5 is sleeved on the outer wall of the impact hammer 4. The upper end of the first transition joint 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the splined outer cylinder 3, and the lower end of the first transition joint 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder 12. A vent hole is provided in the middle of the first transition joint 5. The centering outer cylinder 2 is sleeved on the outside of the splined mandrel 1 to ensure the centering of the splined mandrel 1 during its movement. The splined mandrel 1 is fixedly connected to the impact hammer 4, so that the lifting or lowering movement of the drill string can be directly transmitted to the impact hammer 4, ensuring that the impact hammer 4 moves synchronously with the splined mandrel 1 during the energy storage process and obtains sufficient acceleration stroke during the release phase.

[0036] The hydraulic acceleration module includes an acceleration mandrel 9, an acceleration chamber outer cylinder 12, a moving piston, an upper sealing piston 6, and a lower sealing piston 13. The moving piston includes an upper moving piston 8 and a lower moving piston 10. The upper end of the acceleration mandrel 9 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the impact hammer 4. The upper moving piston 8 and the lower moving piston 10 are mounted on the acceleration mandrel 9. An upper fixing nut 7 is located above the upper moving piston 8, and a lower fixing nut 11 is located below the lower moving piston 10. The upper fixing nut 7 and the lower fixing nut 11 are respectively fixed to the acceleration mandrel 9 to limit the axial position of the upper moving piston 8 and the lower moving piston 10 on the acceleration mandrel 9. The upper sealing piston 6 is located on the outside of the connection between the impact hammer 4 and the acceleration mandrel 9, and the lower sealing piston 13 is located inside the lower end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder 12. The upper sealing piston 6 and the lower sealing piston 13 are respectively used to prevent the compressible fluid in the hydraulic acceleration chamber from leaking along the gap between the acceleration mandrel 9 and the acceleration chamber outer cylinder 12, ensuring the sealing reliability of the hydraulic acceleration chamber during the energy storage process. The outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber is sleeved on the outside of the acceleration mandrel 9. Both ends of the outer cylinder 12 are respectively provided with oil injection holes and plugs that mate with the oil injection holes, facilitating the injection and replacement of compressible fluid within the hydraulic acceleration chamber. A hydraulic acceleration chamber is formed between the outer cylinder 12 and the acceleration mandrel 9, and is filled with compressible fluid. In this embodiment, the compressible fluid is dimethyl silicone oil 201-100#, with a kinematic viscosity of 100±5 mm. 2 / s, density is 0.962-0.972 g / cm³ 3 The open flash point is not lower than 310℃, the volume compressibility is 1.7% at 35MPa pressure, 3.15% at 70MPa pressure, and 5.50% at 140MPa pressure. The outer circular seals of the upper piston 8 and the lower piston 10 form an interference seal with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber. During the energy storage process, when the piston moves with the acceleration spindle 9 and compresses the compressible fluid, the interference seal can effectively prevent the compressible fluid from leaking past the piston during compression, ensuring that the pressure in the hydraulic acceleration chamber continues to rise until the preset release condition is reached.

[0037] The hydraulic energy storage module includes an energy storage spindle 21, an energy storage chamber outer cylinder 15, a balance piston 22, a balance outer cylinder 23, an upper valve body assembly 17, a lower valve body assembly 19, and a connecting joint 18. The upper end of the energy storage spindle 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the acceleration spindle 9, and the balance piston 22 is provided at the lower end of the energy storage spindle 21. The energy storage chamber outer cylinder 15 is sleeved on the outside of the energy storage spindle 21, and the upper end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second transition joint 14. A hydraulic energy storage chamber is formed between the energy storage chamber outer cylinder 15 and the energy storage spindle 21, and the hydraulic energy storage chamber is filled with hydraulic oil. In this embodiment, 46# anti-wear hydraulic oil is selected. The upper valve body assembly 17 is disposed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 15 of the energy storage chamber, and the lower valve body assembly 19 is disposed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 23 of the balance. The energy storage spindle 21 passes through the inner holes of the upper valve body assembly 17 and the lower valve body assembly 19, and the outer wall of the energy storage spindle 21 forms an interference seal with the inner walls of the upper valve body assembly 17 and the lower valve body assembly 19, respectively. In addition, an upper valve body protective sleeve 16 is disposed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 15 of the energy storage chamber and the upper valve body assembly 17, and a lower valve body protective sleeve 20 is disposed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 23 of the balance and the lower valve body assembly 19, respectively, to protect the upper valve body assembly 17 and the lower valve body assembly 19, preventing the valve body assemblies from being directly subjected to the scouring of high-pressure fluid and the wear of abrasive particles, thereby extending the service life of the valve body assemblies. During the energy storage process, the interference seal can reliably seal the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic energy storage chamber, ensuring that the pressure in the energy storage chamber continues to rise until the preset release condition is reached. The outer balance cylinder 23 is sleeved on the outside of the balance piston 22. The outer wall of the balance piston 22 and the inner wall of the outer balance cylinder 23 slide and seal against each other, allowing the balance piston 22 to move smoothly along the axial direction during energy storage, avoiding energy storage failure due to skewness or jamming. At the same time, it prevents hydraulic oil from leaking through the gap between the balance piston 22 and the outer balance cylinder 23 during energy storage. The upper end of the outer balance cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder 15 of the energy storage chamber through the connecting joint 18. The lower end of the outer balance cylinder 23 is provided with a lower joint 24, which is used to fix the shock absorber and the lower drill string assembly. This allows the impact force generated by the shock absorber to be directly transmitted to the lower drill string assembly through the lower joint 24 and act on the jamming point, shortening the transmission path of the impact force and reducing energy loss during transmission.

[0038] The lower end of the accelerating outer cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second transition joint 14, and the lower end of the second transition joint 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder 15. A vent hole is provided in the middle of the second transition joint 14. The vent holes of the first transition joint 5 and the second transition joint 14 are used to balance the air pressure in the cavities at the connection points of the drive module, the hydraulic acceleration module, and the hydraulic energy storage module, preventing additional resistance caused by changes in air pressure within the sealed cavities, and ensuring smooth movement of each moving component during energy storage and release. The second transition joint 14 simultaneously ensures that the hydraulic acceleration chamber and the hydraulic energy storage chamber are independently sealed, realizing a fixed connection between the hydraulic acceleration module and the hydraulic energy storage module, forming an integrated series structure between the hydraulic acceleration module and the hydraulic energy storage module. This ensures that the energy storage and release actions of the two cavities can be performed synchronously, thereby ensuring that the energy from both cavities is superimposed and acts on the impact hammer 4 at the same time.

[0039] Combination Figures 2 to 6 The working process of the shock-activated card release in this embodiment will be further explained.

[0040] When the drill string assembly at the bottom of the vibrator gets stuck and requires upper vibration to release it, the operator lifts the drill string, which drives the splined mandrel 1 upward. The splined mandrel 1 drives the impact hammer 4 connected to it upward, and the impact hammer 4 drives the acceleration mandrel 9 and the energy storage mandrel 21 to move upward synchronously.

[0041] Energy Storage Stage: When the interference section of the upper part of the energy storage spindle 21 enters the inner hole of the lower valve body assembly 19 inside the balance outer cylinder 23, as the spline spindle 1 continues to rise, the balance piston 22 continues to move upward under the drive of the energy storage spindle 21, compressing the 46# anti-wear hydraulic oil in the hydraulic energy storage chamber. Due to the incompressible nature of hydraulic oil, the compressed hydraulic oil slowly overflows and releases pressure through the overflow valve mechanism inside the lower valve body assembly 19. The balance piston 22 and the energy storage spindle 21 slowly move upward through the interference section of the inner hole of the lower valve body assembly 19, and the hydraulic energy storage chamber begins to accumulate pressure and store energy. During this process, the hydraulic oil is gradually compressed and stores hydraulic energy, while the slow pressure release through the overflow valve ensures the stability of the energy storage process. At the same time, the upper piston 8 on the acceleration spindle 9 moves upward with the acceleration spindle 9 and enters the interference sealing section inside the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber. The upper piston 8 compresses the silicone oil in the hydraulic acceleration chamber. Silicone oil has good compressibility. During compression, its molecular helical structure is compressed and stores elastic potential energy, forming a liquid soft spring effect. The hydraulic acceleration chamber begins to store elastic potential energy. At this point, the hydraulic acceleration module and the hydraulic energy storage module simultaneously complete energy storage. The simultaneous energy storage of the two modules allows the hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber to complete the storage of hydraulic energy and elastic potential energy respectively within the same time window, providing the energy basis for the subsequent superposition and release.

[0042] Release Phase: When the energy storage spindle 21 drives the balance piston 22 to the energy storage release position, that is, when the upper sealing pressure position of the energy storage spindle 21 moves to the end of the inner hole of the lower valve body assembly 19, the interference seal between the inner hole of the lower valve body assembly 19 and the energy storage spindle 21 is released, and the pressure in the hydraulic energy storage chamber is released instantaneously. At the same time, the outer circle seal of the upper moving piston 8 on the acceleration spindle 9 moves to the end of the sealing pressure position of the inner hole of the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber, and the interference seal between the inner hole of the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber and the upper moving piston 8 is released, and the elastic potential energy in the hydraulic acceleration chamber is released synchronously. The energy released by the hydraulic energy storage module and the hydraulic acceleration module works together on the impact hammer 4. Under unrestrained conditions, the elastic potential energy stored in the upper drill string assembly due to tensile deformation rebounds rapidly, driving the impact hammer 4 to move upward with great inertia.

[0043] Impact Phase: The impact hammer 4 strikes the lower end face of the splined outer cylinder 3 with extremely high speed and force, causing an upper impact. The impact force is transmitted through the splined outer cylinder 3 to the stuck point via the lower drill string assembly connected to the lower connector 24, thus achieving upper impact release. Because the hydraulic energy released from the hydraulic storage chamber and the elastic potential energy released from the hydraulic acceleration chamber are superimposed at the same time, they jointly drive the impact hammer 4 to move. The movement speed of the impact hammer 4 is significantly higher than that of a traditional single-chamber impactor, and the impact force generated is also much greater than that of an impactor with a single energy source, which can effectively break through stubborn stuck points in deep wells and hard formations.

[0044] After a single shock operation is completed, the drill string is lowered to restore the equipment to its initial energy storage and preparation state, and then the next operation cycle can begin.

[0045] Combination Figures 7 to 11 The working process of shock-based card release under this embodiment will be further explained.

[0046] When the drill string assembly at the bottom of the vibrator gets stuck and requires downward vibration to release it, the operator lowers the drill string, which drives the splined mandrel 1 downward. The splined mandrel 1 drives the impact hammer 4 connected to it downward, and the impact hammer 4 drives the acceleration mandrel 9 and the energy storage mandrel 21 to move downward synchronously.

[0047] Energy Storage Stage: When the interference section of the upper part of the energy storage spindle 21 enters the inner hole of the upper valve body assembly 17 inside the outer cylinder 15 of the energy storage chamber, as the spline spindle 1 continues to descend, the energy storage spindle 21 continues to move downward under the drive of the spline spindle 1, compressing the 46# anti-wear hydraulic oil in the hydraulic energy storage chamber. Due to the incompressible nature of hydraulic oil, the compressed hydraulic oil slowly overflows and releases pressure through the overflow valve mechanism inside the upper valve body assembly 17. The energy storage spindle 21 slowly moves downward through the interference section of the inner hole of the upper valve body assembly 17, and the hydraulic energy storage chamber begins to store pressure and energy. At the same time, the downward piston 10 on the acceleration spindle 9 moves downward with the acceleration spindle 9 and enters the interference sealing section inside the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber. The downward piston 10 compresses the dimethyl silicone oil 201-100# silicone oil in the hydraulic acceleration chamber. The silicone oil is compressed and stores elastic potential energy, and the hydraulic acceleration chamber begins to store elastic potential energy. At this point, the hydraulic acceleration module and the hydraulic energy storage module have completed energy storage simultaneously.

[0048] Release Phase: When the energy storage spindle 21 moves to the energy storage release position, that is, when the sealing pressure position on the energy storage spindle 21 moves to the end of the inner hole of the upper valve body assembly 17, the interference seal between the inner hole of the upper valve body assembly 17 and the energy storage spindle 21 is released, and the pressure in the hydraulic energy storage chamber is released instantaneously. At the same time, the outer circle seal of the lower piston 10 on the acceleration spindle 9 moves to the end of the sealing pressure position of the inner hole of the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber, and the interference seal between the inner hole of the outer cylinder 12 of the acceleration chamber and the lower piston 10 is released, and the elastic potential energy in the hydraulic acceleration chamber is released synchronously. The energy released by the hydraulic energy storage module and the hydraulic acceleration module works together on the impact hammer 4. Under unrestrained conditions, the elastic potential energy stored in the upper drill string assembly due to compression deformation rebounds rapidly, driving the impact hammer 4 to move downward with great inertia.

[0049] Impact phase: The impact hammer 4 strikes the upper surface of the first transition joint 5 with extremely high speed and force, causing a downward impact. The impact force is transmitted through the splined outer cylinder 3 to the equipment shell and the lower drill string assembly connected by the lower joint 24 to the stuck position, realizing the downward impact to release the stuck position.

[0050] The working principle of lower shock release is the same as that of upper shock release. The difference is that the drill string moves in the opposite direction, and the corresponding energy storage and release components are symmetrically arranged, so that the equipment can achieve synchronous energy storage and instantaneous superimposed release in both the lifting and lowering directions, thereby meeting the requirements of different stuck drill conditions in the well for the shock direction.

[0051] After a single shock to release the stuck device is completed, the drill string is raised or lowered to restore the equipment to its initial energy storage and preparation state, and then the next work cycle can begin, achieving continuous reciprocating shock operations.

[0052] The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration impactor provided by this invention features a structure in which the hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber are independent and filled with hydraulic oil and compressible fluid respectively. This allows the two chambers to simultaneously store hydraulic energy and elastic potential energy during the energy storage phase. During the release phase, the two energies are instantaneously superimposed and act together on the impact hammer 4, resulting in an impact energy output far exceeding that of traditional single-chamber structures in a single operation. The combination of the rigid impact generated by the hydraulic oil and the elastic buffering impact generated by the compressible fluid constitutes a composite energy output mode that combines rigidity and flexibility. This mode can provide high-intensity impact for stubborn stuck points such as deep wells and hard formations, while also adapting to complex working conditions such as soft formations and low resistance through elastic buffering.

Claims

1. A fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber, characterized in that: It includes a drive module, a hydraulic acceleration module, and a hydraulic energy storage module arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction; The drive module includes a splined mandrel and an impact hammer connected to the splined mandrel; The hydraulic acceleration module includes an acceleration mandrel, an acceleration chamber outer cylinder, and a moving piston. The upper end of the acceleration mandrel is connected to the impact hammer. The moving piston is disposed on the acceleration mandrel. The acceleration chamber outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the acceleration mandrel. A hydraulic acceleration chamber is formed between the acceleration chamber outer cylinder and the acceleration mandrel. The hydraulic acceleration chamber is filled with a compressible fluid. The hydraulic energy storage module includes an energy storage mandrel, an energy storage chamber outer cylinder, a balance piston, and a pressure relief mechanism. The pressure relief mechanism is sealed to the energy storage mandrel. The upper end of the energy storage mandrel is connected to the lower end of the acceleration mandrel. The balance piston is located at the lower end of the energy storage mandrel. The upper end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder is connected to the lower end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder. The energy storage chamber outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the energy storage mandrel. A hydraulic energy storage chamber is formed between the energy storage chamber outer cylinder and the energy storage mandrel. The hydraulic energy storage chamber is filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic energy storage chamber and the hydraulic acceleration chamber are independent of each other.

2. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving piston includes an upper moving piston and a lower moving piston, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the outer side wall of the acceleration mandrel.

3. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circular sealing sections of the upper moving piston and the lower moving piston respectively form interference-fit sealing sections with the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the acceleration chamber.

4. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief mechanism includes an upper valve body assembly and a lower valve body assembly. The energy storage spindle passes through the inner holes of the upper valve body assembly and the lower valve body assembly. The outer wall of the energy storage spindle forms an interference fit section with the inner wall of the upper valve body assembly and the lower valve body assembly, respectively.

5. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic energy storage module also includes a balance outer cylinder, which is sleeved on the outside of the balance piston. The upper end of the balance outer cylinder is connected to the lower end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder, and a lower connector is provided at the lower end of the balance outer cylinder. The upper valve body assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder, and the lower valve body assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the balance outer cylinder.

6. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the balance piston and the inner wall of the balance outer cylinder are in a sliding sealing fit.

7. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the splined mandrel is threaded to the upper end of the impact hammer, the lower end of the impact hammer is threaded to the upper end of the acceleration mandrel, and the lower end of the acceleration mandrel is threaded to the upper end of the energy storage mandrel.

8. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive module further includes a splined outer cylinder, a first transition joint, and a second transition joint. The splined outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the splined mandrel. The first transition joint is sleeved on the outer wall of the impact hammer. The upper end of the first transition joint is connected to the lower end of the splined outer cylinder, and the lower end of the first transition joint is connected to the upper end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder. The upper end of the second transition joint is connected to the lower end of the acceleration chamber outer cylinder, and the lower end of the second transition joint is connected to the upper end of the energy storage chamber outer cylinder. At least one of the first transition joint and the second transition joint has a vent hole in its middle.

9. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressible fluid is silicone oil.

10. The fully hydraulic dual-chamber synergistic energy storage and acceleration shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic acceleration module also includes an upper fixing nut and a lower fixing nut, which are respectively disposed on the acceleration spindle and abut against the upper end face of the upper moving piston and the lower end face of the lower moving piston.

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