An interbedded formation impact drilling interface early warning and stroke auxiliary control method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of interface early warning and stroke auxiliary control method and system of interbedded strata impact drilling, the method includes: collection or input basic parameter;Robust median processing is carried out to test pore-forming result;Parameter validity is judged, and after review confirmation, the strength difference and strength mutation gradient are calculated according to hard rock strength parameter and soft rock strength parameter;According to the representative, basic stroke, strength mutation gradient and dip angle inverse calculation empirical coefficient k obtained by test pore-forming;Interface control stroke is calculated, back substitution check and check failure processing;Determine stroke switching early warning position;Real-time depth measurement is converted into current drill depth;Early warning before interface;Interface control section is executed;Interface after recovery prompt;Program automatically records construction data.The application can realize interface depth quantization early warning, stroke parameter automatic calculation and man-machine collaborative semi-automatic auxiliary control scheme of acoustic-optical prompt based on the depth data obtained by real-time depth measuring device and in combination with parameter calculation program.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of geotechnical engineering construction, pile foundation construction, and impact drilling control technology, and particularly to a method and system for early warning and stroke-assisted control of impact drilling interfaces in interbedded strata. Background Technology

[0002] In percussion drilling or pile construction, when the drill bit approaches the interface of quartz sandstone-limestone interbedded layers, the interface of alternating soft and hard layers, or the local dissolution zone, problems such as drill bit swaying, hole deviation, local hole collapse, necking, and abnormal thickening of sediment are easily caused due to the large difference in strength between the upper and lower rock layers, the inclination of the rock layer, and the sudden change in the stress on the drill bit.

[0003] In current on-site construction, interface recognition and stroke switching mostly rely on the operator's experience. The common practice is to mark the interface depth on the wire rope with red paint, and the operator reduces the stroke and changes the impact frequency based on experience when approaching the marked position.

[0004] The existing technology has at least the following shortcomings: 1. The interface recognition is crude, and the depth control precision is insufficient. Traditional red paint marking methods can only provide approximate depth indications and are easily affected by mud, dust, visibility conditions, nighttime lighting, and wire rope swaying, making it difficult to achieve stable, accurate, and real-time interface warnings.

[0005] 2. Lack of parameterized basis for stroke switching. When to decelerate, to what stroke, and when to resume operation after passing the interface usually rely on the operator's experience and feel, lacking a unified quantitative standard, resulting in poor consistency in operation between different shifts and operators.

[0006] 3. Lack of a complete closed loop of "early warning - switchover - recovery" Existing construction methods often only provide a rough indication of the approach interface, and cannot simultaneously provide suggested stroke parameters, recovery conditions and retesting nodes, making it difficult to form a standardized and reusable control process.

[0007] 4. Construction data is difficult to record and review. Red paint markings and manual experience-based control methods typically do not record real-time depth, alarm time, stroke switching time, and recovery time, which is not conducive to quality traceability and technical assessment.

[0008] 5. Existing automatic control solutions have high implementation barriers. If a PLC or a complete automatic control system is directly adopted for modification, it often involves docking with the drilling rig control system, interface modification, anti-interference processing and programming debugging, which makes on-site implementation difficult and is not conducive to rapid promotion.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for a human-machine collaborative semi-automatic auxiliary control scheme that does not require large-scale modification of the drilling rig control system and can achieve interface depth quantification early warning, automatic calculation of stroke parameters, and audible and visual prompts based on depth data obtained from real-time depth sounding devices and parameter calculation programs. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for interface early warning and stroke-assisted control of percussion drilling in interbedded formations based on real-time depth sounding and parameter calculation, in order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. This method and system solves the problems of rough interface identification, stroke switching relying on experience, lack of quantitative early warning and recovery logic, and difficulty in leaving traces of construction data in existing percussion drilling operations.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: This invention provides a method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in percussion drilling of interbedded formations, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Before construction, collect or input parameters, including: foundation stroke h0 for homogeneous hard rock; hard rock strength parameter P. h Soft rock strength parameter P s ; Rock surface dip angle parameter α, or the angle γ between the rock surface and the gravity direction; Original ground elevation Z0; Elevation of the soft-hard interface Z j The sample value h of the compliant control stroke obtained from one or more sets of trial drilling. i Warning distance before the interface is L1; recovery judgment distance after the interface is L2; S2: For the input h i The representative control stroke h is obtained by robustly performing median statistical processing on the numerical values. m ; S3: Determine the validity of the input parameters and base them on the hard rock strength parameter P. h With soft rock strength parameter P s Calculate the strength difference ΔP = P h - P s and intensity gradient G = ΔP / P h ; S4: Representative control stroke h obtained from trial drilling m Calculate the empirical coefficient k by taking the basic stroke h0, the intensity gradient G, and the inclination angle α. S5: Calculate the interface control stroke h based on the back-calculation empirical coefficient k. opt :h opt = h0× [1 - k × G × (1+ sinα)]; h opt For the final output control stroke used in the interface control segment execution, h opt With representative control stroke h mThe comparison is performed; if the result is within the preset range, the interface control stroke h is used. opt This is the value executed by the interface control section; S6: Based on the original ground elevation Z0 and the soft-hard interface elevation Z... j The difference calculation of the drilling depth D corresponding to the hard-soft interface. j The elevation Z of the hard-soft interface j The sum of the stroke switching warning position Z and the warning distance is used as the stroke switching warning position Z. p Based on the original ground elevation Z0 and the soft-hard interface elevation Z... j The drilling depth D is calculated based on the pre-warning distance L1 from the interface. p ; S7: During construction, the current cumulative displacement value of the wire rope is obtained through a real-time depth measuring device, and the displacement waveform of the wire rope rebounding and jumping at the moment of the impact drill is sampled at high frequency. The moving average filtering algorithm is used to remove abnormal jump peaks and convert them into the current drill bit depth D. S8: Pre-interface warning: Based on the drilling depth D corresponding to the soft / hard interface. j Calculate the remaining distance L based on the difference between the current drill bit depth D and the current drill bit depth D; when the current drill bit depth D reaches the warning drilling depth D... p Or, if the current remaining distance L is less than or equal to the preset warning distance L1, a warning signal is output to prompt the operator to prepare to switch to the interface control section; S9: Interface control segment execution: When the drill bit enters the interface control segment, the program displays the interface control stroke h. opt The operator was instructed to reduce the stroke and increase the impact frequency. S10: Interface recovery prompt: When the drill bit passes through the soft and hard interface and continues drilling to reach the preset interface recovery judgment distance L2, the program prompts to re-measure the hole position, verticality or deviation, and resumes the normal stroke after the re-measurement is qualified. S11: Program construction record, automatically records various data and operator information during the construction process.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for performing robust median statistics in step S2 of the present invention is as follows: The input sample value h of the target control stroke i The median is used after removing extreme values ​​using IQR; when the sample size is less than a certain threshold, the backoff directly uses the original input target control stroke sample value h. i of the median.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for determining validity in step S3 of the present invention is as follows: The program will output an error message and prevent further access to the interface for control if any of the following occurs: Hard rock strength parameter Ph Less than or equal to zero; Soft rock strength parameter P s Less than zero; The basic stroke h0 is less than or equal to zero; The intensity abrupt change gradient G is zero or its absolute value is less than a preset threshold; The dip angle α of the rock surface exceeds the preset effective range; Input parameters are missing or exceed the preset reasonable threshold range for the project; When parameters are abnormal, the program prompts you to re-enter the parameters, review the test hole data, or use manual experience values ​​for verification.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for calculating the intensity difference ΔP and the intensity abrupt change gradient G in step S3 of the present invention is as follows: ΔP = P h - P s G = ΔP / P h Among them, P h P is a hard rock strength parameter. s These are the strength parameters for soft rock.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for calculating the back-calculated empirical coefficient k in step S4 of the present invention is as follows: Based on the representative control stroke h obtained from the trial drilling m Given the basic stroke h0, the intensity gradient G, and the inclination angle α, the program calculates the empirical coefficient k using the following formula: k = [1 - (h m / h0)] / [ G × (1 + sinα) ] Where k is used to characterize the coupling relationship between geological conditions and equipment status.

[0016] Furthermore, step S4 of the present invention also includes a method for determining a reasonable range for the inversely calculated empirical coefficient k: When k exceeds the preset empirical range, or when the fluctuation of k calculated based on different test well sample values ​​is greater than the preset threshold, the program outputs an "Empirical coefficient abnormal" prompt and performs at least one of the following processing methods: The system prompts you to re-enter or verify the test well sample value h. i ; Re-execute h m Robust statistical processing; Use the default values ​​of the preset empirical coefficients; Enter manual confirmation mode.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S5 of the present invention, h opt With representative control stroke hm The comparison method is as follows: When h opt with h m When the deviation is within the preset allowable range, h is used. opt As the execution value of the interface control section; When h opt with h m When the deviation exceeds the preset allowable range, the program outputs a "back-substitution verification failed" message and performs at least one of the following processing methods: Return to step S2 and repeat h. m Robust statistical processing; Return to step S1 and re-verify the basic parameters; Return to step S4 and recalculate the empirical coefficient k. Enter manual confirmation mode, where the operator confirms whether to use conservative control stroke.

[0018] Furthermore, the conversion method for the current drill bit depth D in step S7 of the present invention is as follows: The real-time depth sounding device is an electronic depth sounding device with display and alarm output functions; The program or real-time depth sounding device preprocesses the acquired depth data, and the preprocessing includes at least one of the following: High-frequency sampling; Moving average filtering; Abnormal mutation removal; Consistent consistency determination across multiple points.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for recording construction data in step S11 of the present invention is as follows: The program automatically records the following data: station number or borehole number, input parameters, and representative control stroke h. m Experience coefficient k, back-substitution verification results, stroke switching warning position, alarm trigger time, interface control start time, recovery prompt time, retest results, and operator information; The empirical coefficient k and its corresponding stratigraphic parameters, construction equipment parameters and construction results are associated and stored to form a parameter library that can be called upon by subsequent similar stratigraphic units.

[0020] This invention provides an interface early warning and stroke-assisted control system for percussion drilling in interbedded formations. The system comprises at least: a parameter input module, a data processing module, a robust test result processing module, a real-time depth measurement module, an early warning judgment module, an audible and visual prompt module, a visual display module, and a construction record module. Each module works together to execute a computer program to implement the aforementioned method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interlayer percussion drilling interface.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Improve the accuracy of interface-based early warnings. This invention upgrades interface alerts from rudimentary manual prompts to quantitative judgment based on real-time depth data, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of interface alerts.

[0022] 2. Convert empirical stroke switching into parameter calculation. This invention calculates the empirical coefficient k using a parameter program and then calculates the suggested control impulse h. opt This provides a quantitative basis for interface construction control.

[0023] 3. Form a closed loop of "calculation - early warning - switchover - retesting - recovery". This invention not only provides calculation results, but also provides stroke switching warning positions and recovery conditions, making the construction control process complete.

[0024] 4. It does not rely on extensive modification of the entire PLC system, making it easy to promote. This invention employs a human-machine collaborative approach that combines a real-time depth measurement device, a parameter calculation program, and an audio-visual prompting unit. It eliminates the need for extensive modifications to the overall control system of the impact drill and exhibits good field adaptability.

[0025] 5. Traditional centralized control via a host computer is prone to alarm delays due to communication latency. This invention performs complex calculations via a host computer and sends early warning thresholds to the real-time depth sounding system in advance; alarm actions can be triggered locally by the real-time depth sounding system, thereby reducing the risk of alarm delays caused by communication latency and improving the system response reliability in environments with strong vibrations and electromagnetic interference at construction sites.

[0026] 6. Can generate construction records and parameter databases. This invention, by recording the test hole, construction, and alarm processes, can gradually establish an experience parameter library for similar strata and equipment, which is beneficial for subsequent construction methods and patent expansion.

[0027] 7. More targeted control of pores at complex interlayer interfaces This invention is particularly applicable to construction scenarios where quartz sandstone-limestone interbedded, abrupt changes in hardness, and localized dissolution interfaces are prone to cavitation deviation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system composition block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the real-time depth measuring device and the drilling rig wire rope according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the interface warning and recovery control according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter calculation and construction record program interface according to an embodiment of the present invention; Attached diagram: 1-Real-time depth sounding system, 2-Wind, 3-Impact drill frame, 4-Wire rope, 5-Impact drill bit, 6-Yellow light buzzer, 7-Red light buzzer, 8-Meter counter, 9-Data cable, 10-Base, 11-Encoder, 12-Driven wheel, 13-Drive wheel, 14-Line stabilizer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] Example 1 This invention provides a method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of percussion drilling at interbedded layers based on real-time depth sounding and parameter calculation. It particularly relates to a method suitable for complex formations such as quartz sandstone-limestone interbedded layers, abrupt changes in soft and hard rocks, and karst development. The method includes at least the following steps: S1: Collect or input basic parameters Before construction, obtain or enter the following parameters: Stroke h0 (m) for homogeneous hard rock foundation. Hard rock strength parameter P h (Uniaxial compressive strength in MPa); Soft rock strength parameter P s (Uniaxial compressive strength in MPa); The rock surface dip angle parameter α, or the angle γ between the rock surface and the direction of gravity; When the input is γ, convert it according to α = 90° - γ; Original ground elevation Z0 (m); Elevation Z of the hard-soft interface j (m); The sample value hi (m) of the standard control stroke obtained from one or more sets of trial drilling; The warning distance in front of the interface is L1 (m); After the interface is restored, the distance L2 (m) is determined.

[0031] S2: Robust median processing of the test hole drilling results For multiple sets of input h i The numerical values ​​are subjected to robust statistical processing to obtain h. mIt is preferable to use the median after removing extreme values ​​as the representative value.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the program processes multiple sets of input h i The median after removing extreme values ​​using IQR is used; when the sample size is small, the original median is used as a fallback. This can reduce the influence of extreme test values ​​on the back-calculation results of empirical coefficients.

[0033] S3: Parameter validity assessment and intensity gradient calculation Before performing intensity gradient calculation and empirical coefficient inverse calculation, the validity of the input parameters is determined.

[0034] The parameter calculation program will output an error message and prevent access to subsequent interface control conditions if any of the following conditions occur: (1) Hard rock strength parameter P h Less than or equal to zero; (2) Soft rock strength parameter P s Less than zero; (3) The basic stroke h0 is less than or equal to zero; (4) The intensity abrupt change gradient G is zero or its absolute value is less than a preset threshold; (5) The dip angle α of the rock surface exceeds the preset effective range; (6) Input parameters are missing or exceed the reasonable range of the preset project.

[0035] Preferably, when parameters are abnormal, the program prompts the user to re-enter the parameters, review the test hole data, or use manual experience values ​​for verification.

[0036] After verification and confirmation, based on the hard rock strength parameter P h With soft rock strength parameter P s Calculate the intensity difference ΔP and the intensity abrupt change gradient G: ΔP = P h - P s G = ΔP / P h S4: Back-calculation of empirical coefficient k Based on the representative h obtained from the trial drilling m Given the basic stroke h0, the intensity gradient G, and the inclination angle α, the program calculates the empirical coefficient k using the following formula: k = [1 - (h m / h0)] / [ G × (1 + sinα) ] Wherein, k is used to characterize the coupling relationship between geological conditions and equipment status.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, when the rock surface dip angle α is greater than a preset threshold, the parameter calculation program applies a lower limit constraint to the interface control stroke to further reduce the risk of borehole deviation under extremely steep interface conditions.

[0038] Among them, the intensity abrupt change gradient G and the rock bedding dip angle α jointly characterize the influence of the inter-layer interface conditions on the stress state of the drill bit. Based on this, the parameter calculation program corrects the basic stroke h0 to obtain the recommended stroke h applicable to the interface control section. opt .

[0039] Preferably, the parameter calculation program determines the reasonable range of the empirical coefficient k obtained by back-calculation.

[0040] When k exceeds the preset empirical range, or when the fluctuation of k calculated based on different test well sample values ​​is greater than the preset threshold, the program outputs an "Empirical coefficient abnormal" prompt and performs at least one of the following processing methods: (1) Prompt to re-enter or verify the test well sample value h i ; (2) Re-execute h m Robust statistical processing; (3) Use the default values ​​of the preset empirical coefficients; (4) Enter manual confirmation mode.

[0041] S5: Back-substitution verification and verification failure handling The program calculates the control stroke h based on the back-calculated k. opt , where h opt For the final output control stroke used in the interface control segment: h opt = h0× [1 - k × G × (1 + sinα)] The program will further h opt With representative control stroke h m A comparison is made to determine whether the input parameters and the inverse calculation results are consistent.

[0042] Preferably, when h opt with h m When the deviation is within the preset allowable range, the h is used. opt As the execution value of the interface control section; When h opt with h m When the deviation exceeds the preset allowable range, the program outputs a "back-substitution verification failed" message and performs at least one of the following processing methods: (1) Return to step S2 and repeat h. m Robust statistical processing; (2) Return to step S1 and re-verify the basic parameters; (3) Return to step S4 and recalculate the empirical coefficient k; (4) Enter the manual confirmation mode, and the operator confirms whether to use conservative control stroke.

[0043] S6: Stroke switching warning position When the elevation of the hard-soft interface is Z j When the original ground elevation is Z0, the drilling depth corresponding to the soft-hard interface is denoted as D. j ,in: D j = Z0 - Z j Preferably, the stroke switching warning position is set at 0.3m to 0.8m above the interface, more preferably at 0.5m above the interface.

[0044] When the warning distance is L1: Stroke switching warning position Z p = Z j + L1 Corresponding warning drilling depth D p = Z0- (Z j + L1) When the current drill bit depth D reaches the warning drilling depth D p A warning is triggered when the current remaining distance L = D. j - When D is less than or equal to L1, an early warning is also triggered.

[0045] When D≥ D j + L2 enters the retest / recovery judgment. S7: Real-time depth sounding During construction, the cumulative displacement value of the wire rope is obtained through a real-time depth sounding device. Since the wire rope bounces violently when the impact drill strikes, this step performs high-frequency sampling on the collected displacement waveform, and uses a moving average filtering algorithm to remove abnormal jump peaks, and converts them into the current drill bit depth D.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the real-time depth sounding device is an electronic depth sounding device with display and alarm output functions.

[0047] Preferably, in order to reduce the impact of wire rope rebound, vibration impact or instantaneous sampling jitter on the early warning judgment, the parameter calculation program or real-time depth measuring device preprocesses the acquired depth data.

[0048] The preprocessing includes at least one of the following: (1) High-frequency sampling; (2) Moving average filtering; (3) Removal of abnormal mutations; (4) Consistent consistency determination of multiple points.

[0049] The preprocessed depth value is used for subsequent early warning judgment and interface control prompts.

[0050] S8: Preview Warning Based on the current drill bit depth D and the corresponding drilling depth D at the soft-hard interface j Calculate the current remaining distance L, where: L = D j - D.

[0051] When the current drill bit depth D reaches the warning drilling depth D p If the remaining distance L is less than or equal to the preset warning distance L1, the real-time depth sounding device and / or the matching audio-visual prompting unit will output a warning signal based on the warning judgment result, prompting the operator to prepare to switch to the interface control mode.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the host computer parameter calculation program can write the target depth of the warning into the local warning unit of the real-time depth sounding device; when the actual depth D reaches the threshold, the real-time depth sounding device locally triggers an audible and visual alarm output to reduce the risk of alarm lag caused by communication delay.

[0053] S9: Interface control section execution When the drill bit enters the interface control section, the program displays a suggested control stroke h. opt The interface control mode prompts the operator to reduce the stroke and increase the impact frequency.

[0054] Operators manually adjust the stroke and construction rhythm based on the displayed recommended values.

[0055] S10: Restore prompt after interface After the drill bit passes through the interface between soft and hard surfaces and continues drilling to reach the preset recovery distance L2, the program prompts for a retest of the hole position, verticality, or deviation.

[0056] Once the retest results meet the preset allowable deviation requirements, the program outputs a prompt message indicating that the normal basic stroke h0 or the corresponding normal stroke has been restored.

[0057] When the retest result does not meet the preset allowable deviation requirements, the program keeps the interface control status valid, or outputs further manual processing prompts, and resumes the normal stroke after the retest is qualified.

[0058] S11: Construction Record The program automatically records the following data: station number or borehole number, input parameters, and representative control stroke h. mThe data includes: experience coefficient k, back-substitution verification results, stroke switching warning position, alarm trigger time, interface control start time, recovery prompt time, retest results, and operator information.

[0059] Preferably, the empirical coefficient k and its corresponding formation parameters, construction equipment parameters, and construction results are stored together to form a parameter library that can be used in subsequent similar formations. The accumulation of relevant data will bring adaptive calibration capabilities. Through the back-calculation mechanism of the first trial borehole, the system can implicitly integrate "the mechanical wear of a specific drilling rig model, the weight of the hammer, and the geological characteristics of a specific site" into the coefficient k. As construction data for similar formations accumulates, the parameter library can provide more targeted parameter references for subsequent construction in similar formations.

[0060] Preferably, the relevant empirical coefficient k and its corresponding formation parameters, construction equipment parameters and construction results are written into the parameter library only when the back-substitution verification is passed and the retest results meet the preset allowable deviation requirements; For data that fails verification, fails retest, or is under abnormal construction conditions, the program will only record it and will not use it as the basis for subsequent parameter recommendations.

[0061] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this embodiment of the invention provides specific experimental data.

[0062] 1. Back-calculation of trial hole parameters and construction preparation: At a pile location in a quartz sandstone-limestone interbedded layer, the stroke of the homogeneous hard rock foundation is taken as h0 = 3.0m, and the hard rock strength parameter P... h = 120 MPa, soft rock strength parameter P s = 65 MPa, input angle type is α, angle value is 30°.

[0063] The following are the sets of acceptable stroke values ​​obtained from the trial drilling: 2.35m, 2.40m, 2.42m, 2.39m The program performs robust processing on the above multiple sets of qualified stroke sample values ​​to obtain the representative median h. m ; and then according to k = [1 - (h m / h0)] / [((P h - P s ) / P h ) × (1 + sinα)] Inversely calculate the empirical coefficient k; Subsequently, according to: h opt = h0× [1 - k × ((P h - P s) / P h ) × (1 + sinα)] The control stroke is back-checked.

[0064] 2. Calculation of Stroke Switching Warning Position In this embodiment, the original ground elevation is 128.6m and the elevation of the soft-hard interface is 112.3m.

[0065] If the program uses "0.5m above the interface" as the stroke switching warning position, then: Stroke switching warning position = 112.3 + 0.5 = 112.8m The corresponding drilling depth is 128.6 - 112.8 = 15.8m. That is, when the real-time depth sounding device shows that the drilling depth has reached approximately 15.8m, the pre-interface warning stage is initiated.

[0066] 3. On-site early warning and manual control Set up the impact drill frame and winch mechanism on site, install the real-time depth measurement system at the wire rope motion measurement position, and connect its alarm output to the yellow light buzzer and red light buzzer.

[0067] In this embodiment, the real-time depth sounding system preferably adopts a meter counter system.

[0068] After construction begins, the real-time depth measurement system records the displacement of the wire rope in real time and converts it into the drill bit depth.

[0069] When the drill bit depth reaches the stroke switching warning position, the yellow light buzzer 6 is triggered to remind the construction personnel to prepare to switch strokes. At this time, the data processing terminal interface displays a suggested control stroke h. opt It also suggests using interface control conditions that reduce the stroke and increase the impact frequency; When the drill bit passes through the preset interface depth, the red light buzzer 7 is triggered, indicating to the construction personnel that the current interface crossing control stage is underway.

[0070] 4. Restore control after interface approval Once the drill bit passes through the interface and continues drilling to the preset recovery distance L2, the program prompts for a verticality retest.

[0071] If the retest results meet the preset allowable deviation requirements, the program interface will prompt "Restore normal stroke"; If the retest result does not meet the preset allowable deviation requirements, the program will keep the interface control status valid or prompt for further manual processing, and will resume the normal stroke after the retest is qualified.

[0072] Example 3 In this embodiment of the invention, to implement the above method, a construction early warning and stroke auxiliary control system can be configured. The system includes at least: a parameter input module, a data processing module, a test hole result robust processing module, a real-time depth measurement module, an early warning judgment module, an audio-visual prompt module, a visualization display module, and a construction record module.

[0073] Each module works together to implement the method described in steps S1 to S11.

[0074] Example 4 This invention provides a program implementation, wherein the parameter calculation program of this invention is preferably deployed in a local visualization terminal.

[0075] In a preferred implementation, the parameter calculation program includes a graphical interface, a parameter input area, a calculation trigger area, and a result display area, and supports the following functions: Parsing multiple h i Input value; Calculate the median or the median after removing extreme values; High-frequency sampling and moving average filtering preprocessing are performed on real-time data; Automatically calculate k; Automatic back-substitution verification h opt ; Automatically calculates the stroke switching warning position and corresponding depth; Output the complete calculation process and results.

[0076] Example 5 This invention provides an implementation scheme for a device. The auxiliary device for implementing this method includes at least: a real-time depth sounding device, an alarm, a data processing terminal, a display terminal, a power supply module, and an optional communication module.

[0077] The data processing terminal has a built-in parameter calculation program, which preferably performs the following functions: Multiple groups of h i Input parsing; Calculate h using median / robust median m ; k is calculated inversely; h opt Back to the verification; Stroke switching warning position calculation; High-frequency sampling and moving average filtering of the input data are used to filter out displacement waves caused by the rebound of the wire rope.

[0078] The results are displayed visually.

[0079] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0080] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Before construction, collect or input parameters, including: stroke h0 of the homogeneous hard rock foundation; hard rock strength parameter P. h Soft rock strength parameter P s ; Rock surface dip angle parameter α, or the angle γ between the rock surface and the gravity direction; Original ground elevation Z0; Elevation of the soft-hard interface Z j The sample value h of the compliant control stroke obtained from one or more sets of trial drilling. i Warning distance before the interface is L1; recovery judgment distance after the interface is L2; S2: For the input h i The representative control stroke h is obtained by robustly performing median statistical processing on the numerical values. m ; S3: Determine the validity of the input parameters and base them on the hard rock strength parameter P. h With soft rock strength parameter P s Calculate the intensity difference ΔP and the intensity abrupt change gradient G; S4: Representative control stroke h obtained from trial drilling m Calculate the empirical coefficient k by taking the basic stroke h0, the intensity gradient G, and the inclination angle α. S5: Calculate the interface control stroke h based on the back-calculation empirical coefficient k. opt :h opt = h0 × [1 - k × G × (1 +sinα)]; h opt For the final output control stroke used in the interface control segment execution, h opt With representative control stroke h m The comparison is performed; if the result is within the preset range, the interface control stroke h is used. opt This is the value executed by the interface control section; S6: Based on the original ground elevation Z0 and the soft-hard interface elevation Z... j The difference calculation of the drilling depth D corresponding to the hard-soft interface. j The elevation Z of the hard-soft interface j The sum of the stroke switching warning position Z and the warning distance is used as the stroke switching warning position Z. p Based on the original ground elevation Z0 and the soft-hard interface elevation Z... j The drilling depth D is calculated based on the pre-warning distance L1 from the interface. p ; S7: During construction, the current cumulative displacement value of the wire rope is obtained through a real-time depth measuring device, and the displacement waveform of the wire rope rebounding and jumping at the moment of the impact drill is sampled at high frequency. The moving average filtering algorithm is used to remove abnormal jump peaks and convert them into the current drill bit depth D. S8: Pre-interface warning: Based on the drilling depth D corresponding to the soft / hard interface. j Calculate the remaining distance L based on the difference between the current drill bit depth D and the current drill bit depth D; when the current drill bit depth D reaches the warning drilling depth D... p Or, if the current remaining distance L is less than or equal to the preset warning distance L1, a warning signal is output to prompt the operator to prepare to switch to the interface control section; S9: Interface control segment execution: When the drill bit enters the interface control segment, the program displays the interface control stroke h. opt The operator was instructed to reduce the stroke and increase the impact frequency. S10: Interface recovery prompt: When the drill bit passes through the soft and hard interface and continues drilling to reach the preset interface recovery judgment distance L2, the program prompts to re-measure the hole position, verticality or deviation, and resumes the normal stroke after the re-measurement is qualified. S11: Program construction record, automatically records various data and operator information during the construction process.

2. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for performing robust median statistics in step S2 is as follows: The input sample value h of the target control stroke i The median is used after removing extreme values ​​using IQR; when the sample size is less than a certain threshold, the backoff directly uses the original input target control stroke sample value h. i of the median.

3. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining validity in step S3 is as follows: The program will output an error message and prevent further access to the interface for control if any of the following occurs: Hard rock strength parameter P h Less than or equal to zero; Soft rock strength parameter P s Less than zero; The basic stroke h0 is less than or equal to zero; The intensity abrupt change gradient G is zero or its absolute value is less than a preset threshold; The dip angle α of the rock surface exceeds the preset effective range; Input parameters are missing or exceed the preset reasonable threshold range for the project; When parameters are abnormal, the program prompts you to re-enter the parameters, review the test hole data, or use manual experience values ​​for verification.

4. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the intensity difference ΔP and the intensity abrupt gradient G in step S3 is as follows: ΔP = P h - P s G = ΔP / P h Among them, P h P is a hard rock strength parameter. s These are the strength parameters for soft rock.

5. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the back-calculated empirical coefficient k in step S4 is as follows: Based on the representative control stroke h obtained from the trial drilling m Given the basic stroke h0, the intensity gradient G, and the inclination angle α, the program calculates the empirical coefficient k using the following formula: k = [1 - (h m / h0)] / [ G × (1 + sinα) ] Where k is used to characterize the coupling relationship between geological conditions and equipment status.

6. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of interbedded formation percussion drilling interface according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S4 also includes a method for determining a reasonable range for the inversely calculated empirical coefficient k: When k exceeds the preset empirical range, or when the fluctuation of k calculated based on different test well sample values ​​is greater than the preset threshold, the program outputs an "Empirical coefficient abnormal" prompt and performs at least one of the following processing methods: The system prompts you to re-enter or verify the test well sample value h. i ; Re-execute h m Robust statistical processing; Use the default values ​​of the preset empirical coefficients; Enter manual confirmation mode.

7. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of interbedded formation percussion drilling interface according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, h opt With representative control stroke h m The comparison method is as follows: When h opt with h m When the deviation is within the preset allowable range, h is used. opt As the execution value of the interface control section; When h opt with h m When the deviation exceeds the preset allowable range, the program outputs a "back-substitution verification failed" message and performs at least one of the following processing methods: Return to step S2 and repeat h. m Robust statistical processing; Return to step S1 and re-verify the basic parameters; Return to step S4 and recalculate the empirical coefficient k. Enter manual confirmation mode, where the operator confirms whether to use conservative control stroke.

8. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of the interface in interbedded formation percussion drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion method for the current drill bit depth D in step S7 is as follows: The real-time depth sounding device is an electronic depth sounding device with display and alarm output functions; The program or real-time depth sounding device preprocesses the acquired depth data, and the preprocessing includes at least one of the following: High-frequency sampling; Moving average filtering; Abnormal mutation removal; Consistent consistency determination across multiple points.

9. The method for early warning and stroke-assisted control of interbedded formation percussion drilling interface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for recording construction data in step S11 is as follows: The program automatically records the following data: station number or borehole number, input parameters, and representative control stroke h. m Experience coefficient k, back-substitution verification results, stroke switching warning position, alarm trigger time, interface control start time, recovery prompt time, retest results, and operator information; The empirical coefficient k and its corresponding stratigraphic parameters, construction equipment parameters and construction results are associated and stored to form a parameter library that can be called upon by subsequent similar stratigraphic units.

10. A percussion drilling interface early warning and stroke-assisted control system for interbedded formations, characterized in that, The system includes at least the following modules: parameter input module, data processing module, robust test result processing module, real-time depth measurement module, early warning judgment module, audio-visual prompt module, visual display module, and construction record module. Each module executes a computer program in a coordinated manner to implement the interlayer formation impact drilling interface early warning and stroke-assisted control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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