An assembly method of a shaft boring machine with split assembly and split disassembly

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of shaft construction equipment, in particular to an assembly method for split mounting and split dismounting of a shaft tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps: excavating a first construction space in a shaft operation area and constructing a segment shaft; hoisting a main machine assembly into the shaft and preliminarily positioning the main machine assembly, and transferring the hoisting force to a plurality of hoisting machines, so that the hoisting machines respectively receive the end portions of corresponding supporting legs and perform attitude adjustment, positioning and welding; then, a second installation space is formed by excavating downwards in a mode of first center and then edge, a cutting arm assembly is hoisted into the second installation space and connected to the bottom of the main machine assembly; after tunneling to the designed depth, the cutting arm assembly is dismounted and hoisted out, then the main machine assembly is dismounted and hoisted out, and the split dismounting is completed. The problems of large excavation amount in the early stage, high risk of integral hoisting, poor fault tolerance of installation and positioning and disadvantageous stress of welding connection of the existing assembly mode of the shaft tunneling machine are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shaft construction equipment technology, specifically to an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for urban underground space development and deep vertical shaft construction, shaft boring machines are widely used in vertical shaft excavation construction.

[0003] Existing shaft boring machines typically employ a "shaft excavation first, installation later" construction method, which involves first excavating the shaft to a depth that meets the equipment installation requirements before installing the equipment. This results in a large amount of excavation work in the early stages, and it is difficult to carry out equipment installation and shaft construction in parallel, leading to a long overall construction cycle.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing construction methods typically involve assembling the main unit and cutting arm outside the well before hoisting the entire machine into the well. This increases the overall height, weight, and hoisting space requirements, raising the difficulty of hoisting and construction risks. During the main unit installation, multiple outriggers need to be accurately aligned with their corresponding installation positions inside the well. When manufacturing errors, construction errors, or hoisting deviations exist, alignment difficulties and repeated adjustments can easily occur. Furthermore, during the welding and fixing of the outriggers, the main unit's own weight can easily act on the welded joint, subjecting the weld to significant shear loads and affecting the stability of the welding process.

[0005] Therefore, the existing assembly methods for shaft tunneling machines have problems such as large initial excavation volume, high risk of overall hoisting, poor tolerance for installation and positioning errors, and unfavorable stress on welded connections. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the existing technology, it is desirable to provide an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft boring machine (TBM) to solve the problems of large initial excavation volume, high risk of overall hoisting, poor fault tolerance in installation and positioning, and unfavorable stress on welded connections in the existing assembly methods for TBMs. The assembly method includes the following steps: The first construction space is formed by excavation in the vertical shaft operation area, and the segment shaft is constructed on the side wall of the first construction space; The main assembly of the shaft boring machine is hoisted into the segment shaft, so that the main assembly is initially in place; The lifting force of the hoisting equipment is transferred to several winches set outside the segment shaft. Each winch is responsible for hoisting the end of a support leg of the main assembly. The end of the support leg bears at least part of the weight of the main assembly, and the attitude of the end of the support leg is adjusted and initially positioned. Under the lifting force of the winch, the welding of the outrigger end to the segment shaft is completed, so as to reduce the shear stress generated by the self-weight of the main assembly during welding; By excavating from the bottom of the first construction space downwards in a center-to-edge manner, a second installation space located underground is formed; The cutting arm assembly of the shaft boring machine is hoisted and lowered into the second installation space, and the cutting arm assembly is connected to the bottom of the main body assembly; After the shaft tunneling machine has tunneled to the designed depth, the shaft tunneling machine is disassembled in the following order: first, the cutting arm assembly is disassembled and lifted out, and then the main unit assembly is disassembled and lifted out.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the inner wall of the tunnel segment shaft is provided with an installation groove corresponding to the end of each outrigger of the main unit assembly. Each installation groove is provided with a winch. The winch is located on the ground outside the tunnel segment shaft. The winch includes a support arm, the first end of which extends into the tunnel segment shaft. The height of the first end relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space is a first height. The step of hoisting the main unit assembly of the shaft boring machine into the tunnel segment shaft to initially position the main unit assembly specifically includes the following steps: The main assembly is lowered from above the segment shaft using the hoisting equipment in a first posture, such that the height of the support leg end of the main assembly relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space is a second height, which is less than the first height. When the support leg ends of the main unit assembly are at the second height, the main unit assembly is rotated about the central axis of the segment well shaft to adjust the main unit assembly from the first posture to the second posture, so that the support leg ends of the main unit assembly are respectively aligned with the corresponding mounting grooves in the circumferential direction of the segment well shaft; The main unit assembly in the second posture is further lowered to a third height relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space, the third height being less than the second height, so that the ends of each of the legs enter the corresponding mounting slots and the ends of each of the legs correspond to the mounting portions on the sidewalls of the mounting slots, thereby completing the initial positioning of the main unit assembly.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the support arm is equipped with a pulley system, and the transfer of the lifting force of the hoisting equipment to a plurality of winches located outside the segment shaft specifically includes the following steps: The free end of the wire rope of the winch is wound around the pulley block, and the free end of the wire rope is installed at the end of the outrigger. Keeping the hoisting height of the hoisting equipment constant, the main assembly is hoisted to a fourth height by the winch. The fourth height is greater than the third height and less than the second height, so as to ensure that the winch can safely transfer the hoisting force of the hoisting equipment. After each winch has received the hoisting load of the main assembly, the hoisting force applied to the main assembly by the hoisting equipment is removed. The main assembly is lowered again to the third height using the winch.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the posture adjustment of the outrigger end specifically includes the following steps: The horizontal plane where the center of the main assembly is located is taken as the reference plane; The attitude parameters of the main unit assembly relative to the reference plane and the position parameters of each leg end in the current attitude of the main unit assembly are obtained. Based on the attitude parameters and the position parameters, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each leg end are determined respectively. The attitude parameters are used to characterize the actual tilt angle and tilt state of the main unit assembly, and the position parameters are used to characterize the position of the projection point of the leg end on the reference plane relative to the center of the main unit assembly. The winch is used to take in or release the rope based on the vertical adjustment direction of each outrigger end; the length of the winch wire rope is taken in or released based on the vertical displacement adjustment; the winch connected to each outrigger end is controlled to take in or release the rope respectively, so that each outrigger end produces a corresponding vertical displacement, so that the main assembly is in a horizontal state. After the main unit assembly is in the horizontal state, the actual height of the main unit assembly is obtained, and the height adjustment direction and height displacement adjustment amount of the main unit assembly in the vertical direction are determined according to the actual height and the preset installation height. Based on the height adjustment direction, each winch is synchronously winding or unwinding its rope. Based on the height displacement adjustment amount, the corresponding wire rope winding / unwinding length for each winch is determined. Each winch is controlled to synchronously wind or unwind its rope according to the corresponding wire rope winding / unwinding length, so that the ends of each outrigger produce vertical displacements of the same direction and magnitude. This is to adjust the actual height of the main assembly while maintaining its horizontal state, until the actual height reaches the preset installation height.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the steps of obtaining the attitude parameters of the main assembly relative to the reference plane and the position parameters of each leg end in the current attitude of the main assembly, and determining the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each leg end according to the attitude parameters and the position parameters, specifically include the following steps: A first measurement direction and a second measurement direction that pass through the center of the main assembly and are perpendicular to each other are determined on the reference plane. A first actual tilt angle and a first tilt state of the main assembly relative to the reference plane along the first measurement direction, and a second actual tilt angle and a second tilt state relative to the reference plane along the second measurement direction are obtained. The spatial position of each of the legs ends in the current posture of the main body assembly is obtained, and the spatial position of each of the legs ends is projected onto the reference plane to obtain the horizontal projection point corresponding to each of the legs ends. The horizontal projection point is projected onto the straight line of the first measurement direction to obtain the first division point and the first orientation side of the first division point is determined. The distance from the first division point to the center of the main assembly is taken as the first horizontal projection distance. The horizontal projection point is projected onto the straight line of the second measurement direction to obtain the second division point and the second orientation side of the second division point is determined. The distance from the second division point to the center of the main assembly is taken as the second horizontal projection distance. Based on the first tilt state, the first actual tilt angle, the first horizontal projection distance corresponding to each of the outrigger ends, and the first azimuth side, the first vertical adjustment component corresponding to each of the outrigger ends along the first measurement direction is determined respectively. Based on the second tilt state, the second actual tilt angle, the second horizontal projection distance corresponding to each of the outrigger ends, and the second azimuth side, the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to each of the outrigger ends along the second measurement direction is determined respectively; Based on the first vertical adjustment component and the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to each of the outrigger ends, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each outrigger end are determined.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, determining the height adjustment direction and height displacement adjustment amount of the host assembly along the vertical direction based on the actual height and the preset installation height specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the actual height and the preset installation height, and compare the actual height with the preset installation height; When the actual height is less than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the main unit assembly is determined to be upward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined according to the height difference between the preset installation height and the actual height. When the actual height is greater than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the main unit assembly is determined to be downward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined based on the height difference between the actual height and the preset installation height.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the preliminary positioning of the outrigger end specifically includes the following steps: Adjust the gap adjustment structure so that its end face fits against the mounting part; the gap adjustment structure is located at the end of the support leg; By adjusting the positioning structure, the end of the support leg is stably fitted to the mounting part; the positioning structure is detachably mounted on the side wall of the mounting groove.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the welding of the support leg end to the segment wellbore specifically includes the following steps: Multiple sets of pre-set positioning weld points are selected at intervals at the joint between the end of the outrigger and the mounting part; Weld each set of pre-set positioning weld points to fix the relative position between the end of the support leg and the mounting part; Starting from each preset positioning weld point, welding is performed along the joint to both sides of the preset positioning weld point until a continuous weld is formed between adjacent preset positioning weld points.

[0014] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the support leg end is welded to the segment well barrel while excavating downwards from the bottom surface of the first construction space.

[0015] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the main assembly includes a main drive and an adapter frame, the adapter frame being rotatably disposed at the bottom of the main drive, and the cutting arm assembly including a first cutting arm and a second cutting arm. Connecting the cutting arm assembly to the bottom of the main assembly specifically includes the following steps: Control the rotation of the adapter frame to form a first hoisting space within the second installation space for lowering the first cutting arm; Hoist the first cutting arm and lower it to the first preset position within the second installation space; The first cutting arm is detachably connected to one end of the adapter frame; Control the rotation of the adapter frame to form a second hoisting space within the second installation space for lowering the second cutting arm; Hoist the second cutting arm and lower it to the second preset position within the second installation space; The second cutting arm is detachably connected to the other end of the adapter.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application breaks with the conventional "well-first, installation-later" work model. By first fixing the main unit assembly inside the shaft and simultaneously excavating the second underground installation space, the equipment installation and shaft excavation processes can be carried out in parallel (three-dimensional cross-operation). This design allows the shaft boring machine to begin positioning and installing the core equipment without waiting for the shaft to be fully excavated to the design depth, thereby significantly reducing the initial single excavation depth and the amount of earthwork, shortening the construction preparation cycle, and reducing initial capital investment; it also avoids the high risks and high difficulty requirements of hoisting everything on the ground.

[0017] This application completely breaks through the traditional installation mode of "pre-fixing the slot and passively inserting" by adopting a reverse process design of "first lowering the main unit, then actively bearing the load with the winch system, and finally performing positioning welding". In terms of mechanical system reconstruction, this application uses five winches to pull in coordination from different directions, transforming the hundreds of tons of gravity of the main unit from the shear load of the weld seam to the active mechanical load of the winch system. This makes the weld seam almost unaffected by gravity load during the welding operation, and after the welding is completed, the weld seam mainly bears compressive stress and tensile stress rather than dangerous shear stress and peeling stress, fundamentally eliminating the mechanical hidden dangers of the weld seam as the main load-bearing structure in the traditional scheme. Regarding installation accuracy and fault tolerance, since it no longer relies on rigid positioning fixtures for pre-positioning, this application allows the main unit to be hoisted into the well and initially positioned. Then, millimeter-level attitude fine-tuning is performed through the coordinated raising and lowering of five winches, so that the end face of the outriggers is precisely fitted with the installation part. This feedback positioning logic of "active fine-tuning after positioning" greatly reduces the stringent requirements for hoisting accuracy, effectively compensates for component manufacturing errors and hoisting deformation errors, and avoids the risk that the main unit cannot be positioned due to the deviation of the positioning fixture in the traditional solution.

[0018] In terms of construction safety and efficiency, this application changes the welding process from "load-bearing welding under high-altitude suspension" to "positioning welding under stable hoisting conditions", resulting in a more stable working environment and lower operational risks.

[0019] In summary, this application provides a more flexible, safer, and more fault-tolerant technical approach for the installation of large-diameter shaft tunneling machines by replacing passive structural constraints with an active control system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main assembly on the ground for assembling a shaft boring machine assembly method for separate installation and disassembly provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of a method for assembling and disassembling a shaft tunneling machine by excavating downwards from the bottom of the first construction space to form a second installation space located underground. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of connecting the cutting arm assembly to the bottom of the main assembly in an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft boring machine provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shaft tunneling machine after it has been tunneled to the designed depth, illustrating an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft tunneling machine provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 This is a structural diagram illustrating the disassembly and hoisting of the cutting arm assembly, which is part of an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine provided in this application embodiment. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the disassembly and hoisting out of the main assembly structure of a method for assembling and disassembling a shaft boring machine in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A top view of a reference plane for an assembly method of a shaft boring machine that involves separate installation and disassembly, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the first actual tilt angle and first tilt state of the main assembly of a shaft boring machine in a first measurement direction relative to a reference plane, provided in an embodiment of this application for a method of assembling and disassembling a shaft boring machine in a split assembly and disassembly manner; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the second actual tilt angle and second tilt state of the main assembly of a shaft boring machine in a second measurement direction relative to a reference plane, provided in an embodiment of this application for a method of assembling and disassembling a shaft boring machine in a split assembly and disassembly manner; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the first horizontal projection distance and first orientation side, and the second horizontal projection distance and second orientation side of the horizontal projection point corresponding to the leg end of a shaft boring machine assembly method for separate assembly and disassembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft tunneling machine, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Numbering on the map: 1. First construction space; 2. Segment shaft; 3. Main unit assembly; 4. Lifting equipment; 5. Winch; 7. Cutting arm assembly; 8. Second installation space; 9. Installation slot; 11. Support platform; 21. Annular steel cutting foot; 30. Main drive; 31. Outrigger; 32. Adapter frame; 33. Swing arm cylinder; 51. Support arm. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-11 This application provides an assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a shaft boring machine, the assembly method comprising the following steps: S1: Excavate in the vertical shaft operation area to form the first construction space 1, and construct the segment shaft 2 on the side wall of the first construction space 1; S2: Hoist the main assembly 3 of the vertical shaft tunneling machine into the segment shaft 2, so that the main assembly 3 is initially in place; S3: Transfer the lifting force of the hoisting equipment 4 to a number of winches 5 set outside the segment shaft 2. Each winch 5 is used to hoist the end of the support leg 31 of the main assembly 3. The end of the support leg 31 bears at least part of the weight of the main assembly 3, and the attitude of the end of the support leg 31 is adjusted and initially positioned. S4: Under the lifting force of the winch 5, the welding of the end of the outrigger 31 to the segment shaft 2 is completed, so as to reduce the shear stress generated by the self-weight of the main assembly 3 during welding. S5: Excavate downwards from the bottom of the first construction space 1 in a center-to-edge manner to form the second installation space 8 located underground; S6: Hoist the cutting arm assembly 7 of the shaft tunneling machine into the second installation space 8, and connect the cutting arm assembly 7 to the bottom of the main body assembly 3; S7: After the shaft tunneling machine has tunneled to the designed depth, the shaft tunneling machine is disassembled in the following order: first, the cutting arm assembly 7 is disassembled and lifted out, and then the main unit assembly 3 is disassembled and lifted out.

[0025] In this embodiment, the segment shaft 2 includes several ring segments assembled vertically. Each ring segment structure is formed by splicing several segments circumferentially. The several ring segments together enclose a shaft space for the main assembly 3 to be lowered and installed. The bottom of the segment shaft 2 is provided with an annular steel cutting foot 21 for supporting the bottom of the segment shaft 2 and guiding the segment shaft 2 during the tunneling process of the vertical shaft boring machine.

[0026] In this embodiment, while the first construction space 1 is being excavated in the shaft operation area, the main unit assembly 3 is being assembled on the ground, specifically including the following steps: Hoist the adapter frame 32 onto the support platform 11; Hoist the main drive 30 onto the adapter frame 32, aligning the bottom of the main drive 30 with the top of the adapter frame 32, and connect the main drive 30 to the adapter frame 32. A swing arm cylinder 33 is installed at the bottom of the adapter frame 32; Multiple outriggers 31 are sequentially hoisted to the connection positions corresponding to the main drive 30, and the connection between each outrigger 31 and the main drive 30 is completed. Specifically, by synchronizing the excavation of the first construction space 1 with the ground assembly of the main unit assembly 3, the occupancy of the main unit assembly 3 on the shaft construction progress can be reduced. Once the first construction space 1 meets the conditions for lowering the main unit, the main unit assembly 3 can be hoisted, thereby shortening the overall assembly cycle of the shaft tunneling machine.

[0027] Specifically, this application breaks with the conventional "well-first, installation-later" operating model. By first fixing the main unit assembly 3 inside the shaft and simultaneously excavating the second underground installation space 8, the equipment installation and shaft excavation processes can be carried out in parallel (three-dimensional cross-operation). This design allows the shaft boring machine to begin positioning and installing the core equipment without waiting for the shaft to be fully excavated to the design depth, thereby significantly reducing the initial single excavation depth and the amount of earthwork, shortening the construction preparation cycle, and reducing initial capital investment; it also avoids the high-risk and high-difficulty problems associated with hoisting everything on the ground.

[0028] Furthermore, this application completely breaks through the traditional installation mode of "pre-fixing the slot and passively inserting" by designing a reverse process of "first lowering the main unit, then actively bearing the load with the winch 5 system, and finally performing positioning welding". In terms of mechanical system reconstruction, this application uses five winches 5 to pull in coordination from different directions, transforming the hundreds of tons of gravity of the main unit from the shear load of the weld seam to the active mechanical load of the winch 5 system. This makes the weld seam almost unaffected by gravity load during welding operations. After welding, the weld seam mainly bears compressive and tensile stress rather than dangerous shear and peeling stress, fundamentally eliminating the mechanical hazards of the weld seam as the main load-bearing structure in the traditional scheme. Specifically, in terms of installation accuracy and fault tolerance, since it no longer relies on rigid positioning fixtures for pre-positioning, this application allows the main unit to be hoisted into the well and initially positioned, and then the attitude fine-tuning is carried out at the millimeter level through the coordinated raising and lowering of five winches 5, so that the end face of the outrigger 31 is precisely fitted with the installation part. This feedback positioning logic of "active fine-tuning after positioning" greatly reduces the stringent requirements for hoisting accuracy, effectively compensates for component manufacturing errors and hoisting deformation errors, and avoids the risk that the main unit cannot be positioned due to the deviation of the positioning fixture in the traditional solution.

[0029] Specifically, in terms of construction safety and efficiency, this application changes the welding process from "load-bearing welding under high-altitude suspension" to "positioning welding under stable suspension of winch 5", resulting in a more stable working environment and lower operational risks.

[0030] In summary, this application provides a more flexible, safer, and more fault-tolerant technical approach for the installation of large-diameter shaft tunneling machines by replacing passive structural constraints with an active control system.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the segment shaft 2 is provided with mounting grooves 9 corresponding to the ends of each leg 31 of the main unit assembly 3. Each mounting groove 9 is provided with a winch 5. The winch 5 is located on the ground outside the segment shaft 2. The winch 5 includes a support arm 51. The first end of the support arm 51 extends into the segment shaft 2, and the height of the first end relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space 1 is a first height. The step of hoisting the main unit assembly 3 of the vertical shaft boring machine into the segment shaft 2 to initially position the main unit assembly 3 specifically includes the following steps: The main assembly 3 is lowered from above the segment shaft 2 using the hoisting equipment 4 in a first posture, such that the height of the end of the support leg 31 of the main assembly 3 relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space 1 is a second height, which is less than the first height. When the end of the support leg 31 of the main assembly 3 is at the second height, the main assembly 3 is rotated about the central axis of the segment well 2 to adjust the main assembly 3 from the first posture to the second posture, so that the end of each of the support legs 31 of the main assembly 3 is aligned with the corresponding mounting groove 9 in the circumferential direction of the segment well 2. The main unit assembly 3, which is in the second posture, is further lowered to a third height relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space 1. The third height is less than the second height, so that the ends of each of the legs 31 enter the corresponding mounting slots 9, and the ends of each of the legs 31 correspond to the mounting portions on the side walls of the mounting slots 9, thereby completing the initial positioning of the main unit assembly 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, the mounting groove 9 is formed on the segment structure of the segment shaft 2 away from the bottom surface of the first construction space 1. The top of the mounting groove 9 and the side facing the inside of the segment shaft 2 are both open structures, so that the end of the support leg 31 can enter the mounting groove 9 from the top of the mounting groove 9.

[0033] In this embodiment, the segment structure is embedded with an installation steel plate, and part of the surface of the installation steel plate is exposed in the installation groove 9 to form an installation part corresponding to the end of the support leg 31. After the end of the support leg 31 enters the installation groove 9, its vertical position and posture are adjusted by the corresponding winch 5 so that the end of the support leg 31 corresponds to the installation part, and the end of the support leg 31 is welded and fixed to the installation steel plate of the installation part while the winch 5 is under load.

[0034] Specifically, the first posture is that the ends of each of the support legs 31 are misaligned with the corresponding mounting grooves 9 along the circumference of the segment shaft 2, so that the main assembly 3 avoids interference with the support arm 51 during the lowering process; when the ends of the support legs 31 are lowered to the second height, the ends of each of the support legs 31 are located below the first end of the support arm 51, thereby forming a clearance space for the main assembly 3 to rotate around the central axis of the segment shaft 2.

[0035] Furthermore, when the ends of the outriggers 31 of the main assembly 3 are at the second height, the main assembly 3 is rotated about the central axis of the segment shaft 2, so that the main assembly 3 is adjusted from the first posture to the second posture. The second posture is that the ends of each outrigger 31 are aligned with the corresponding mounting slots 9 in the circumferential direction of the segment shaft 2, so that when the main assembly 3 continues to be lowered, the ends of each outrigger 31 can enter the mounting slot 9 through the top opening of the corresponding mounting slot 9. This achieves the avoidance lowering, circumferential alignment and slot positioning of the main assembly 3, providing initial installation conditions for the subsequent load-bearing of the winch 5, posture fine adjustment and welding and fixing of the ends of the outriggers 31 to the mounting part.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the support arm 51 is provided with a pulley system, and the transfer of the lifting force of the hoisting equipment 4 to a plurality of winches 5 located outside the segment shaft 2 specifically includes the following steps: The free end of the wire rope of the winch 5 is wound around the fixed pulley, and the free end of the wire rope is installed at the end of the support leg 31. Keeping the lifting height of the hoisting equipment 4 unchanged, the main assembly 3 is hoisted to a fourth height by the winch 5. The fourth height is greater than the third height and less than the second height, so as to ensure that the winch 5 can safely transfer the lifting force of the hoisting equipment 4. After each of the winches 5 has borne the lifting load of the main assembly 3, the lifting force applied to the main assembly 3 by the lifting equipment 4 is removed. The main unit assembly 3 is lowered again to the third height by the winch 5.

[0037] Specifically, during the process of the winch 5 lifting the main assembly 3, the hoisting equipment 4 is kept connected to the main assembly 3. When the hoisting wire rope between the hoisting equipment 4 and the main assembly 3 changes from a taut state to a slack state, it is determined that the hoisting load of the main assembly 3 has been stably and reliably transferred to each of the winches 5. Then, the hoisting force applied to the main assembly 3 by the hoisting equipment 4 is removed. In this way, the weight of the main assembly 3 can be smoothly transferred from the hoisting equipment 4 to each of the winches 5, reducing the risk of impact, swaying and attitude deviation caused by sudden load changes during the load switching process. This allows the main assembly 3 to return to the initial installation position under the stable load of the winches 5, providing a stable load-bearing foundation for the subsequent attitude adjustment, positioning and welding fixation of the outrigger 31 ends.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the posture adjustment of the end of the support leg 31 specifically includes the following steps: The horizontal plane where the center of the main assembly 3 is located is taken as the reference plane; The attitude parameters of the main unit assembly 3 relative to the reference plane and the position parameters of the ends of each leg 31 in the current attitude of the main unit assembly are obtained. Based on the attitude parameters and the position parameters, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each end of the leg 31 are determined respectively. The attitude parameters are used to characterize the actual tilt angle and tilt state of the main unit assembly 3, and the position parameters are used to characterize the position of the projection point of the end of the leg 31 on the reference plane relative to the center of the main unit assembly 3. The winch 5 is used to take in or release the rope according to the vertical adjustment direction of the end of each of the outriggers 31; the length of the wire rope of the winch 5 is taken in or released according to the vertical displacement adjustment; the winch 5 connected to the end of each outrigger 31 is controlled to take in or release the rope respectively, so that the end of each outrigger 31 produces a corresponding vertical displacement, so that the main assembly 3 is in a horizontal state. After the main unit assembly 3 is in the horizontal state, the actual height of the main unit assembly 3 is obtained, and the height adjustment direction and height displacement adjustment amount of the main unit assembly 3 in the vertical direction are determined according to the actual height and the preset installation height. Based on the height adjustment direction, each winch 5 is synchronously winding or unwinding the rope. Based on the height displacement adjustment amount, the corresponding wire rope winding and unwinding length of each winch 5 is determined. Each winch 5 is controlled to synchronously wind or unwind the rope according to the corresponding wire rope winding and unwinding length, so that the ends of each outrigger 31 produce vertical displacement in the same direction and of the same magnitude, so as to adjust the actual height of the main unit assembly 3 while keeping the main unit assembly 3 in a horizontal state, until the actual height reaches the preset installation height.

[0039] Specifically, before each of the winches 5 operates, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31 are determined in advance based on the posture parameters of the main assembly 3 and the position parameters of the ends of each outrigger 31. These are then further converted into the rope winding and unwinding direction and wire rope winding and unwinding length corresponding to each of the winches 5. This allows multiple winches 5 to operate in coordination according to the predetermined adjustment parameters, thereby enabling each outrigger 31 end to complete a differentiated vertical adjustment in one go. This achieves precise leveling of the main assembly 3 in one go, reducing the cumulative error and construction time caused by repeated measurements and adjustments.

[0040] Furthermore, after the main assembly 3 is leveled, the overall height of the main assembly 3 is adjusted by the synchronous winding or unwinding of the rope by each of the winches 5. This allows the ends of each support leg 31 to move synchronously while maintaining a constant relative height relationship. As a result, while keeping the main assembly 3 in a horizontal state, the ends of each support leg 31 reach the installation height that matches the corresponding mounting part, providing an accurate and stable spatial positional relationship for the subsequent welding of the ends of the support leg 31 to the mounting part.

[0041] Furthermore, after leveling and height adjustment, each winch 5 continues to bear the load on the main assembly 3, ensuring that the ends of each support leg 31 remain stably positioned during welding. This prevents localized welding positions from prematurely bearing large shear loads or eccentric loads due to tilting of the main assembly 3, height deviation, or uneven force distribution at the ends of the support legs 31. Consequently, welding can be completed under a balanced and stable stress state, which is beneficial for improving weld formation and the stability of welded connections, and enhancing the overall load-bearing reliability of the main assembly 3 after welding.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, obtaining the attitude parameters of the main unit assembly 3 relative to the reference plane, and the position parameters of the ends of each leg 31 in the current attitude of the main unit assembly, and determining the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each end of the leg 31 based on the attitude parameters and the position parameters, specifically includes the following steps: A first measurement direction and a second measurement direction that pass through the center of the main assembly 3 and are perpendicular to each other are determined on the reference plane. A first actual tilt angle and a first tilt state of the main assembly 3 relative to the reference plane along the first measurement direction, and a second actual tilt angle and a second tilt state relative to the reference plane along the second measurement direction are obtained. The spatial position of the end of each of the legs 31 in the current posture of the main body assembly 3 is obtained, and the spatial position of the end of each of the legs 31 is projected onto the reference plane to obtain the horizontal projection point corresponding to the end of each leg 31. The horizontal projection point is projected onto the straight line of the first measurement direction to obtain the first division point and the first orientation side of the first division point is determined. The distance from the first division point to the center of the main assembly 3 is taken as the first horizontal projection distance. The horizontal projection point is projected onto the straight line of the second measurement direction to obtain the second division point and the second orientation side of the second division point is determined. The distance from the second division point to the center of the main assembly 3 is taken as the second horizontal projection distance. Based on the first tilt state, the first actual tilt angle, the first horizontal projection distance corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31, and the first azimuth side, the first vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31 along the first measurement direction is determined respectively. Based on the second tilt state, the second actual tilt angle, the second horizontal projection distance corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31, and the second azimuth side, the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31 along the second measurement direction is determined respectively; Based on the first vertical adjustment component and the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each end of the outrigger 31 are determined.

[0043] Specifically, a dual-axis tilt measuring device is set at the center of the main unit assembly 3. The two measuring axes of the dual-axis tilt measuring device correspond to the first measuring direction and the second measuring direction, respectively. The positive directions of the first measuring direction and the second measuring direction are predetermined. The dual-axis tilt measuring device outputs the signed tilt angle values ​​along the first measuring direction and the second measuring direction, respectively. Furthermore, it is stipulated that when the height gradually increases along the positive direction of the corresponding measurement direction, the marked inclination angle value is positive; when the height gradually decreases along the positive direction of the corresponding measurement direction, the marked inclination angle value is negative. Taking the first measurement direction as an example, when the first actual inclination angle value is greater than zero, the side pointed to by the positive direction of the first measurement direction is determined as the high side, and the opposite side is determined as the low side; when the first actual inclination angle value is less than zero, the side pointed to by the positive direction of the first measurement direction is determined as the low side, and the opposite side is determined as the high side; the second actual inclination angle and the second tilt state are determined in the same way.

[0044] For example, the first measurement direction is defined as west to east as the positive direction, and the second measurement direction is defined as south to north as the positive direction. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the direction from -x to +x is the first measurement direction, and the direction from -y to +y is the second measurement direction. The intersection of the first and second measurement directions is the center of the main assembly 3, denoted as O. If the dual-axis tilt measuring device outputs a first actual tilt angle of +0.5° and a second actual tilt angle of -0.3°, then... Figure 8 As shown, Indicates the first actual dip angle. =+0.5° indicates that the main assembly 3 is higher on the east side and lower on the west side along the first measurement direction, such as Figure 9 As shown, Indicates the second actual dip angle. =-0.3° indicates that the main assembly 3 is higher on the south side and lower on the north side along the second measurement direction.

[0045] Specifically, the spatial positions of the center of the main assembly 3 and the ends of each of the legs 31 are obtained by a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device. The three-dimensional coordinate measuring device is preferably a total station, but a laser tracker or other measuring equipment capable of acquiring spatial coordinates can also be used.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the spatial position of the end of the i-th leg 31 is projected onto the reference plane to obtain the corresponding horizontal projection point P. i Then project the horizontal projection point P i Projecting the data onto the first measurement direction and the second measurement direction respectively, we obtain the first division point P. i1 Second dividing point P i2 According to the first dividing point P i1 Located on one side of the positive direction or the opposite direction of the first measurement direction at the center of the main assembly 3, determine the corresponding first orientation side, and mark the first dividing point P. i1 The distance to the center of the main assembly 3 is determined as the first horizontal projection distance. When the first dividing point P i1 When located on one side of the positive direction of the first measurement direction, the first horizontal projected distance Take a positive value when the first division point P i1 When located on the opposite side of the first measurement direction, the first horizontal projected distance Take negative values; determine the second azimuth side and the second horizontal projection distance in the same way. ; For example, if the horizontal projection point corresponding to the end of a certain leg 31 is located on the northeast side of the center of the main body assembly 3, its first horizontal projection distance is... The second horizontal projection distance is 0.618m. If the value is 1.902m, then: =+0.618m, =+1.902m.

[0047] According to the formula Calculate the first vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the legs 31 along the first measurement direction; in, For the first vertical adjustment component at the end of the i-th support leg 31, The first horizontal projection distance of the end of the i-th support leg 31 This is the first actual tilt angle value.

[0048] For example,

[0049] According to the formula Calculate the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the legs 31 along the second measurement direction; in, The second vertical adjustment component is the end of the i-th support leg 31. The second horizontal projection distance is the end of the i-th support leg 31. This is the second actual tilt angle value.

[0050] For example,

[0051] according to Calculate the final vertical adjustment value at the end of each outrigger 31; in, This is the vertical adjustment value at the end of the i-th support leg 31.

[0052] For example,

[0053] when At that time, the vertical adjustment direction of the end of the i-th support leg 31 is determined to be upward, and the vertical displacement adjustment amount is... ; when At that time, the vertical adjustment direction of the end of the i-th support leg 31 is determined to be downward, and the vertical displacement adjustment amount is... ; when At this time, the corresponding end of the support leg 31 does not need to be adjusted vertically; Therefore, the final vertical adjustment direction of the end of the outrigger 31 is upward, and the vertical displacement adjustment amount is approximately 4.57 mm. The ends of the remaining outriggers 31 are calculated in the same way, thereby determining the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of all the outriggers 31 before the operation of each of the winches 5.

[0054] Furthermore, the winding or unwinding direction of the corresponding winch 5 is determined according to the vertical adjustment direction corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers 31, and the winding and unwinding length of the wire rope of the winch 5 is determined according to the vertical displacement adjustment amount corresponding to the end of each outrigger 31 and the transmission relationship of the corresponding pulley group, so that each of the winches 5 can work together according to the predetermined adjustment parameters, so that the main assembly 3 can be adjusted to a horizontal state in one go.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, determining the vertical height adjustment direction and height displacement adjustment amount of the main unit assembly 3 based on the actual height and the preset installation height specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the actual height and the preset installation height, and compare the actual height with the preset installation height; When the actual height is less than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the main unit assembly 3 is determined to be upward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined according to the height difference between the preset installation height and the actual height. When the actual height is greater than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the main unit assembly 3 is determined to be downward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined according to the height difference between the actual height and the preset installation height.

[0056] Specifically, the actual height can be obtained by measuring the height of the height measurement point calibrated on the main assembly 3 relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space 1; the preset installation height is the target height corresponding to the height measurement point when the main assembly 3 is installed.

[0057] Furthermore, when the actual height is less than the preset installation height, it indicates that the main unit assembly 3 is lower than the target installation position, and each of the winches 5 synchronously winds up the rope, causing the ends of each of the outriggers 31 to produce the same upward vertical displacement; when the actual height is greater than the preset installation height, it indicates that the main unit assembly 3 is higher than the target installation position, and each of the winches 5 synchronously unwinds the rope, causing the ends of each of the outriggers 31 to produce the same downward vertical displacement; when the actual height is equal to the preset installation height, each of the winches 5 stops adjusting the height of the main unit assembly 3.

[0058] Furthermore, by adjusting the overall height after leveling, the ends of each support leg 31 can be accurately aligned with the corresponding mounting part while maintaining a horizontal correspondence. This provides a stable mounting position for subsequent welding of the ends of the support legs 31 to the mounting part and avoids the premature contact of some support leg 31 ends with the mounting part due to overall height deviation, thus preventing localized load formation. This helps to reduce the eccentric load and shear load of the weld during welding and improves the balance and stability of the force at each welding position.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the preliminary positioning of the end of the support leg 31 specifically includes the following steps: Adjust the gap adjustment structure so that its end face fits against the mounting part; the gap adjustment structure is located at the end of the support leg 31. By adjusting the positioning structure, the end of the support leg 31 is stably attached to the mounting part; the positioning structure is detachably mounted on the side wall of the mounting groove 9.

[0060] Specifically, the adjustment gap adjustment structure includes: A connecting end plate is fixed to the end of the support leg 31 away from the main body assembly 3. A supporting steel plate is disposed on the side of the connecting end plate away from the main assembly 3; Multiple limiting connectors are provided, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side of the supporting steel plate near the connecting end plate, and the other end of which movably passes through the connecting end plate and is threaded with a nut; the nut is located on the side of the connecting end plate away from the supporting steel plate and is used to prevent the limiting connector from coming off the connecting end plate; Multiple adjusting bolts are provided, which are threadedly connected to the connecting end plate. The bolt heads of the adjusting bolts are located on the side of the connecting end plate away from the supporting steel plate, and the end of the adjusting bolt away from the bolt head abuts against the side of the supporting steel plate near the connecting end plate.

[0061] Specifically, when adjusting the gap adjustment structure, each adjusting bolt is rotated to move the adjusting bolt axially relative to the connecting end plate, and the end of the adjusting bolt away from the bolt head pushes the supporting steel plate to change the distance between the supporting steel plate and the connecting end plate. When there is a gap between the supporting steel plate and the mounting part, the ends of the multiple adjusting bolts away from the bolt head are moved closer to the mounting part, pushing the supporting steel plate closer to the mounting part. When the supporting steel plate is in contact with the mounting part, the nut is tightened so that the nut abuts against the connecting end plate, thereby compensating for the installation gap between the end of the support leg 31 and the mounting part, so that the supporting steel plate is stably in contact with the mounting part before welding.

[0062] Specifically, the adjustment positioning structure includes: Multiple positioning plates are provided, one end of which is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting groove 9, and the other end is used to abut against the side of the supporting steel plate away from the supporting part; positioning holes are provided on the positioning plates, and fixing holes are provided on the side wall of the mounting groove 9. Multiple fasteners are provided, which are inserted through the positioning hole and the fixing hole to lock the positioning plate. Specifically, when the supporting steel plate is in contact with the mounting part, the positioning plate is rotated so that the positioning part abuts against the side of the supporting steel plate away from the supporting part, and the positioning hole and the fixing hole are aligned. The fixing member is then inserted through the positioning hole and the fixing hole to lock the positioning plate, thereby restricting the positioning plate from continuing to rotate and keeping the positioning plate in a pressing state against the supporting steel plate. This reduces the possibility of the supporting steel plate shifting or deviating relative to the mounting part during the welding process.

[0063] Furthermore, after the welding of the supporting steel plate to the mounting part is completed, the locking of the fixing member to the positioning plate is released, thereby releasing the restriction of the positioning structure on the supporting steel plate. Thus, the positioning structure only provides temporary positioning during the positioning and welding process of the supporting steel plate and the mounting part, and does not serve as a permanent load-bearing structure after welding.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the welding of the end of the support leg 31 to the segment wellbore 2 specifically includes the following steps: Multiple sets of pre-set positioning weld points are selected at intervals at the joint between the end of the support leg 31 and the mounting part; Weld each set of pre-set positioning weld points to fix the relative position between the end of the support leg 31 and the mounting part; Starting from each preset positioning weld point, welding is performed along the joint to both sides of the preset positioning weld point until a continuous weld is formed between adjacent preset positioning weld points.

[0065] Specifically, by setting multiple sets of opposite preset positioning welding points at intervals at the joint, the relative position of the end of the support leg 31 and the mounting part can be fixed at multiple points, reducing the positional displacement caused by local heating during subsequent continuous welding.

[0066] Furthermore, by extending the welding from each preset positioning weld point to both sides, the welding heat can be more dispersed, reducing thermal deformation and welding stress concentration caused by continuous welding on one side, thereby improving the weld formation quality and the stability of the connection between the end of the support leg 31 and the mounting part.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the support leg 31 is welded to the segment wellbore 2 while excavation is carried out from the bottom surface of the first construction space 1.

[0068] Specifically, the welding operation between the end of the outrigger 31 and the segment shaft 2 is located at the upper part of the first construction space 1, while the downward excavation operation is located at the bottom of the first construction space 1. The two are staggered in vertical space, so they can be carried out simultaneously. By welding and fixing the main assembly 3 in parallel with the excavation of the second installation space 8, the waiting time between processes can be reduced, the overall assembly cycle of the shaft tunneling machine can be shortened, and the utilization efficiency of the shaft construction space and construction equipment can be improved.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the main unit assembly 3 includes a main drive 30 and an adapter frame 32, the adapter frame 32 being rotatably disposed at the bottom of the main drive 30, and the cutting arm assembly 7 including a first cutting arm and a second cutting arm. Connecting the cutting arm assembly 7 to the bottom of the main unit assembly 3 specifically includes the following steps: The adapter frame 32 is rotated to form a first hoisting space within the second installation space 8 for lowering the first cutting arm; Hoist the first cutting arm and lower it into the second installation space 8; The first cutting arm is detachably connected to one end of the adapter frame 32; The adapter frame 32 is rotated to form a second hoisting space within the second installation space 8 for lowering the second cutting arm; Hoist the second cutting arm and lower it into the second installation space 8; The second cutting arm is detachably connected to the other end of the adapter 32.

[0070] Specifically, both the first and second cutting arms are hoisted using a ground-mounted hoisting device 4. During hoisting, the hook of the hoisting device 4 is connected to the corresponding hoisting position on the cutting arm. By adjusting the force on the hoisting point, the corresponding cutting arm is positioned in the required hoisting posture, and the cutting arm maintains a preset installation angle relative to the horizontal plane. Subsequently, the hoisting device 4 gradually lowers the cutting arm from above the segment shaft 2 into the second installation space 8.

[0071] After the corresponding cutting arm is lowered to the preset position, the hoisting equipment 4 maintains its holding position on the cutting arm, and controls the rotation of the adapter frame 32 so that one end of the adapter frame 32 rotates to the docking position corresponding to the cutting arm. While the hoisting equipment 4 continues to hold the cutting arm, the position and posture of the cutting arm are finely adjusted to align the connection positions of the cutting arm with the adapter frame 32 and the swing arm cylinder 33, and the detachable connection between them is completed. After the connection is stable, the hoisting connection between the hoisting equipment 4 and the cutting arm is released. After the first cutting arm is installed, the second cutting arm is hoisted and connected in the same way.

[0072] Specifically, by controlling the rotation of the adapter frame 32 within the second installation space 8, the hoisting channels for the first and second cutting arms can be sequentially cleared, allowing the two cutting arms to be lowered to preset positions at corresponding preset installation angles. The adapter frame 32 is then actively aligned with the corresponding cutting arms by rotation. Thus, the lowering and assembly of the two cutting arms can be completed sequentially within the limited second installation space 8, reducing the risk of interference between the cutting arms and the main assembly 3 during hoisting. This also reduces the requirements for the dimensions of the second installation space 8 and the precision of the hoisting posture adjustment, improving the feasibility and installation efficiency of the downhole assembly of the cutting arm assembly 7.

[0073] Specifically, the cutting arm assembly 7 docks with the main assembly 3, which is already installed inside the segment shaft 2, within the second installation space 8. This transforms the installation of the cutting arm from a high-altitude assembly operation above the ground outside the shaft to an on-site assembly operation within the second installation space 8 inside the shaft. This eliminates the need for construction personnel to hoist the cutting arm to the corresponding height at the bottom of the main assembly 3 outside the shaft for alignment, connection, and fastening. It reduces high-altitude installation work, lowers the risk of falls from heights and high-altitude swinging of the cutting arm, and improves the stability and ease of operation of the cutting arm installation process. At the same time, it avoids the problem of increasing the overall height of the machine by pre-installing the cutting arm assembly 7 onto the main assembly 3 on the ground outside the shaft. This reduces the lifting height, center of gravity height, and risk of swinging during hoisting, and reduces the requirements for the lifting capacity of the large hoisting equipment 4 and the ground working space.

[0074] Specifically, after the shaft tunneling machine has tunneled to the designed depth, the position of the main assembly 3 is adjusted by the winch 5, and the connection between the first and second cutting arms and the adapter 32 is disconnected in sequence. The first and second cutting arms are then lifted out of the segment shaft 2 by the hoisting equipment 4. After the cutting arm assembly 7 is dismantled, the welding connection between the end of the outrigger 31 and the segment shaft 2 is disconnected. The main assembly 3 is then lifted out of the segment shaft 2 by the winch 5 and the hoisting equipment 4, thus completing the disassembly of the shaft tunneling machine.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for assembling and disassembling a shaft boring machine in separate parts, characterized in that, The assembly method includes the following steps: The first construction space (1) is formed by excavation in the vertical shaft operation area, and the segment shaft (2) is constructed on the side wall of the first construction space (1). The main assembly (3) of the shaft tunneling machine is hoisted into the segment shaft (2) to put the main assembly (3) into initial position; The lifting force of the hoisting equipment (4) is transferred to several winches (5) set outside the segment shaft (2). Each winch (5) hoists one end of the support leg (31) of the main assembly (3). The end of the support leg (31) bears at least part of the weight of the main assembly (3), and the end of the support leg (31) is adjusted in attitude and initially positioned. Under the lifting force of the winch (5), the end of the outrigger (31) is welded to the segment shaft (2) to reduce the shear stress generated by the self-weight of the main assembly (3) during welding. The second installation space (8) is formed underground by excavating from the bottom surface of the first construction space (1) in a manner that proceeds from the center to the edge. The cutting arm assembly (7) of the shaft tunneling machine is hoisted and lowered into the second installation space (8), and the cutting arm assembly (7) is connected to the bottom of the main body assembly (3); After the shaft tunneling machine has tunneled to the designed depth, the shaft tunneling machine is disassembled in the following order: first, the cutting arm assembly (7) is disassembled and lifted out, and then the main unit assembly (3) is disassembled and lifted out.

2. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the shaft tunnel (2) is provided with an installation groove (9) corresponding to the end of each leg (31) of the main unit assembly (3). Each installation groove (9) is provided with a winch (5). The winch (5) is located on the ground outside the shaft tunnel (2). The winch (5) includes a support arm (51). The first end of the support arm (51) extends into the shaft tunnel (2). The height of the first end relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space (1) is the first height. The specific steps of hoisting the main unit assembly (3) of the shaft tunneling machine into the shaft tunnel (2) to initially position the main unit assembly (3) include the following steps: The main assembly (3) is lowered from above the segment shaft (2) by the hoisting equipment (4) in a first posture, so that the height of the end of the support leg (31) of the main assembly (3) relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space (1) is a second height, which is less than the first height; When the end of the support leg (31) of the main assembly (3) is at the second height, the main assembly (3) is rotated about the central axis of the segment well (2) to adjust the main assembly (3) from the first posture to the second posture, so that the end of each of the support legs (31) of the main assembly (3) is aligned with the corresponding mounting groove (9) in the circumferential direction of the segment well (2); The main unit assembly (3) in the second posture is further lowered to a third height relative to the bottom surface of the first construction space (1), the third height being less than the second height, so that the ends of each of the legs (31) enter the corresponding mounting slots (9), and the ends of each of the legs (31) correspond to the mounting portions on the side walls of the mounting slots (9), thereby completing the initial positioning of the main unit assembly (3).

3. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support arm (51) is equipped with a pulley block, and the transfer of the lifting force of the hoisting equipment (4) to several winches (5) located outside the segment shaft (2) specifically includes the following steps: The free end of the wire rope of the winch (5) is wound around the pulley block, and the free end of the wire rope is installed at the end of the outrigger (31). Keeping the hoisting height of the hoisting equipment (4) unchanged, the main assembly (3) is hoisted to a fourth height by the winch (5). The fourth height is greater than the third height and less than the second height, so as to ensure that the winch (5) can safely transfer the hoisting force of the hoisting equipment (4). After each of the winches (5) has received the hoisting load of the main assembly (3), the hoisting force applied to the main assembly (3) by the hoisting equipment (4) is removed; The main unit assembly (3) is lowered again to the third height by the winch (5).

4. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The posture adjustment of the end of the outrigger (31) specifically includes the following steps: The horizontal plane at the center of the main assembly (3) is taken as the reference plane; The attitude parameters of the main unit assembly (3) relative to the reference plane and the position parameters of the ends of each leg (31) under the current attitude of the main unit assembly (3) are obtained. Based on the attitude parameters and the position parameters, the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each end of the leg (31) are determined respectively. The attitude parameters are used to characterize the actual tilt angle and tilt state of the main unit assembly (3), and the position parameters are used to characterize the position of the projection point of the end of the leg (31) on the reference plane relative to the center of the main unit assembly (3). The winch (5) is instructed to take in or release the rope according to the vertical adjustment direction of the end of each of the outriggers (31); the length of the wire rope of the winch (5) is determined according to the vertical displacement adjustment amount; the winch (5) connected to the end of each outrigger (31) is instructed to take in or release the rope respectively, so that the end of each outrigger (31) produces a corresponding vertical displacement, so that the main assembly (3) is in a horizontal state. After the host assembly (3) is in the horizontal state, the actual height of the host assembly (3) is obtained, and the height adjustment direction and height displacement adjustment amount of the host assembly (3) in the vertical direction are determined according to the actual height and the preset installation height. Based on the height adjustment direction, each winch (5) is synchronously wound up or unwound the rope. Based on the height displacement adjustment amount, the wire rope winding and unwinding length corresponding to each winch (5) is determined. Each winch (5) is controlled to synchronously wound up or unwound the rope according to the corresponding wire rope winding and unwinding length, so that the ends of each outrigger (31) produce vertical displacement in the same direction and of the same magnitude, so as to adjust the actual height of the main unit assembly (3) while keeping the main unit assembly (3) in a horizontal state, until the actual height reaches the preset installation height.

5. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps of obtaining the attitude parameters of the main assembly (3) relative to the reference plane and the position parameters of the ends of each leg (31) in the current attitude of the main assembly (3), and determining the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each end of each leg (31) according to the attitude parameters and the position parameters, specifically include the following steps: A first measurement direction and a second measurement direction that pass through the center of the main assembly (3) and are perpendicular to each other are determined on the reference plane. The first actual tilt angle and the first tilt state of the main assembly (3) relative to the reference plane along the first measurement direction, and the second actual tilt angle and the second tilt state relative to the reference plane along the second measurement direction are obtained. Obtain the spatial position of the end of each of the legs (31) in the current posture of the host assembly (3), project the spatial position of the end of each of the legs (31) onto the reference plane, and obtain the horizontal projection point corresponding to the end of each of the legs (31); Project the horizontal projection point onto the straight line of the first measurement direction to obtain the first division point and determine the first orientation side where the first division point is located. Take the distance from the first division point to the center of the main assembly (3) as the first horizontal projection distance. Project the horizontal projection point onto the straight line of the second measurement direction to obtain the second division point and determine the second orientation side where the second division point is located. Take the distance from the second division point to the center of the main assembly (3) as the second horizontal projection distance. Based on the first tilt state, the first actual tilt angle, the first horizontal projection distance corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers (31), and the first azimuth side, the first vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers (31) along the first measurement direction is determined respectively. Based on the second tilt state, the second actual tilt angle, the second horizontal projection distance corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers (31), and the second azimuth side, the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers (31) along the second measurement direction is determined respectively; Based on the first vertical adjustment component and the second vertical adjustment component corresponding to the end of each of the outriggers (31), the vertical adjustment direction and vertical displacement adjustment amount of each of the outriggers (31) are determined.

6. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the vertical adjustment direction and height displacement of the main unit assembly (3) based on the actual height and the preset installation height specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the actual height and the preset installation height, and compare the actual height with the preset installation height; When the actual height is less than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the host assembly (3) is determined to be upward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined according to the height difference between the preset installation height and the actual height. When the actual height is greater than the preset installation height, the height adjustment direction of the host assembly (3) is determined to be downward, and the height displacement adjustment amount is determined according to the height difference between the actual height and the preset installation height.

7. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preliminary positioning of the end of the outrigger (31) specifically includes the following steps: Adjust the gap adjustment structure so that the end face of the gap adjustment structure fits against the mounting part; the gap adjustment structure is located at the end of the support leg (31); By adjusting the positioning structure, the end of the support leg (31) is stably attached to the mounting part; the positioning structure is detachably mounted on the side wall of the mounting groove (9).

8. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The welding of the end of the support leg (31) to the segment wellbore (2) specifically includes the following steps: Multiple sets of pre-set positioning weld points are selected at intervals at the joint between the end of the support leg (31) and the mounting part; Weld each set of pre-set positioning weld points to fix the relative position between the end of the support leg (31) and the mounting part; Starting from each preset positioning weld point, welding is performed along the joint to both sides of the preset positioning weld point until a continuous weld is formed between adjacent preset positioning weld points.

9. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, While the end of the outrigger (31) is welded to the segment well (2), it is excavated from the bottom surface of the first construction space (1).

10. The assembly method for the separate installation and disassembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main unit assembly (3) includes a main drive (30) and an adapter frame (32). The adapter frame (32) is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the main drive (30). The cutting arm assembly (7) includes a first cutting arm and a second cutting arm. Connecting the cutting arm assembly (7) to the bottom of the main unit assembly (3) specifically includes the following steps: Control the rotation of the adapter (32) to form a first hoisting space for lowering the first cutting arm within the second mounting space (8); Hoist the first cutting arm and lower it into the second installation space (8); The first cutting arm is detachably connected to one end of the adapter (32); Control the rotation of the adapter (32) to form a second hoisting space within the second mounting space (8) for lowering the second cutting arm; Hoist the second cutting arm and lower it into the second installation space (8); The second cutting arm is detachably connected to the other end of the adapter (32).

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