Sensor arrangement method for backfilling of unmanned tunnel paste body

Abstract

The application discloses a sensor arrangement method for backfilling of an unmanned stope paste body, and determines the maximum allowable spacing of adjacent temporary supporting components according to the net height of the stope, the height of the supporting point, the target minimum overhanging height of the sensor, the suspension cable and the load and tension of the sensor; the suspension cable is configured for each temporary supporting component outside the stope, and a monitoring sensor is installed, and a plurality of temporary supporting components are cascaded and loaded on a remote walking platform. Each suspension cable is sequentially pulled from outside the stope, so that the temporary supporting components are gradually separated, turned over and clamped from the outermost layer to the innermost layer, and the distance between adjacent arrangement positions is not greater than the maximum allowable spacing; each suspension cable is tensioned, so that the lowest point of each overhanging section is located in a predetermined overhanging area. The application can complete the arrangement of the monitoring sensor without personnel entering the stope, is suitable for the stope environment of end-hill mining without permanent support, limited space and high roof risk, and significantly reduces the safety risk of manual operation into the stope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sensor deployment method, specifically a sensor deployment method for backfilling grout in unmanned mining pits. Background Technology

[0002] In open-pit mining, backfilling of the goaf with paste is often necessary to improve resource recovery and control the deformation of the surrounding rock. To monitor the deformation, stress, and stability of the paste after backfilling, fiber optic sensors, earth pressure cells, displacement gauges, or other monitoring devices need to be pre-installed before backfilling. These sensors typically need to be placed in specific locations within the goaf to accurately reflect the internal deformation and stress characteristics of the paste during backfilling and subsequent disturbance.

[0003] However, end-face mining pits are typically characterized by narrow spaces, lack of support, poor roof stability, and restrictions on personnel access. Traditional methods of manually deploying sensors within the pit pose significant safety risks. Furthermore, continued mining operations at the bottom and sides of the pit after backfilling may cut or disturb the edges of the backfill. If sensors are placed too close to the edges, they may become ineffective due to subsequent cutting, disturbance, or localized spalling, making it difficult to obtain reliable monitoring data. Therefore, sensors should be deployed as centrally as possible within the pit cross-section and kept somewhat suspended to avoid them adhering too closely to the pit floor, sidewalls, or edges of the backfill.

[0004] Current sensor deployment methods mainly rely on manual installation, anchor fixing, or positioning assistance from supporting components. However, these methods are difficult to implement under the constraint of no one entering the mining tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a sensor deployment method for backfilling paste in unmanned mining pits. This method enables the monitoring sensors to be deployed stably and suspended within the unmanned mining pit without personnel entering the pit. This is achieved through remote control delivery, external traction, flipping and securing, and suspension cable tensioning and positioning.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling, comprising the following steps: Based on the clear height of the mining tunnel, the support point height of the temporary support components, the target minimum suspended height of the monitoring sensor, the load of the suspension cable and the monitoring sensor, and the tension of the suspension cable, determine the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support components, so that the lowest point of the suspended section formed between adjacent temporary support components is not lower than the target minimum suspended height; Outside the mining tunnel, a corresponding suspension cable is configured for each temporary support component, and the monitoring sensor is fixed at the suspension section of one or more suspension cables; Multiple temporary support components are connected in sequence through detachable limiting parts in a cascade manner, and the innermost temporary support component is connected to the remote-controlled walking platform through the detachable limiting parts. The remote-controlled walking platform drags multiple temporary support components from the entrance of the mining chamber into the chamber. When the platform reaches the location of the first temporary support component inside the chamber, the length of the suspension cable corresponding to the first temporary support component is exhausted. The cable can be disconnected from the limiting part, separating the first temporary support component from the other temporary support components. At the same time, the suspension cable corresponding to the first temporary support component is pulled from outside the chamber. The bottom of the temporary support component forms a resistance point with the bottom plate of the chamber, causing the first temporary support component to rotate and rise around the resistance point until its top touches the top plate of the chamber. Then, the suspension cable corresponding to the first temporary support component is fixed outside the chamber. Thus, the first temporary support component is secured between the top plate and the bottom plate of the chamber. The remote-controlled walking platform continues to move forward, dragging the remaining temporary support components. When the remote-controlled walking platform reaches the location of the second temporary support component inside the mining chamber, the length of the suspension cable corresponding to the second temporary support component is exhausted. The second temporary support component is secured between the top and bottom plates of the mining chamber using the same method as above. This process continues until the last temporary support component separates from the remote-controlled walking platform and is secured between the top and bottom plates of the mining chamber. After the remote-controlled walking platform exits the mining chamber, the chamber is backfilled with paste.

[0007] Furthermore, the temporary support assembly includes two legs, a lower resistance section, an upper connecting top, a detachable limiting section, and a support section; The tops of the two support legs are hinged to the lower end of the support, the upper part is set at the top of the support, and the detachable limiting part is set on the front side of the support.

[0008] Furthermore, a cable guide hole is opened in the middle of the support part, and the outer end of the suspension cable of the outermost temporary support component is directly led to the outside of the mining chamber. The outer ends of the suspension cables of the other temporary support components pass through the cable guide holes of each of the outermost temporary support components in sequence and are led to the outside of the mining chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower resistance section is made of non-metallic materials such as bamboo, wood, fiberglass, or carbon fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the detachable limiting part is a magnet, and the magnetic force of the magnet on the outer temporary support assembly is weaker than that of the magnet on the inner temporary support assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the cable guide hole is fitted with a lubricating bushing, and both the inlet and outlet of the cable guide hole are provided with arc-shaped chamfers.

[0012] Furthermore, the maximum permissible spacing between adjacent temporary support components is determined as follows: Assume the height of the temporary support assembly's support point for the suspension cable from the bottom plate of the mining tunnel is... The minimum ground clearance of the target monitored by the sensor is The height at which the monitoring sensor extends downward relative to the suspension cable is The reserved safe height is The maximum allowable sag of the suspension cable is then... for: ; Let the horizontal spacing between adjacent temporary support components be... The horizontal component of the working tension of the suspension cable is The equivalent uniformly distributed load formed by the suspension cable is Maximum sag caused by uniformly distributed load for: ; Horizontal components It can be based on the axial tension of the suspension cable and the angle between the suspension cable at the support point and the horizontal direction. Sure: ; When monitoring sensors are installed between adjacent temporary support components to form a concentrated load, let the concentrated load be... The additional sag caused by it for: ; Among them, concentrated loads To monitor the force of gravity acting on the sensor, it is determined according to the following formula: ; In the formula, To monitor the total mass of the sensors; The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ; Uniformly distributed load and concentrated load When acting together, the maximum sag of the suspended section for: ; The lowest point of the suspension cable or monitoring sensor shall not be lower than the target's lowest ground clearance. It should satisfy: ; Right now ; The results were: ; Taking the positive root of the above quadratic inequality, we obtain the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support components. : ; In actual deployment, the actual horizontal spacing between adjacent temporary support components satisfy: ; Assume the total length of the monitoring sensors that need to be suspended within the mining tunnel is... The maximum allowable spacing calculated above is The number of overhanging segments It can be determined according to the following formula: ; Actual average spacing for: ; And satisfy: .

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring sensor includes one of the following: fiber optic sensor, earth pressure cell, strain sensor, displacement sensor, temperature sensor, or pore pressure sensor; the monitoring sensor is fixed to the corresponding suspended section by binding, clamping, sleeve limiting, or adhesive bonding.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer end of the suspension cable is tensioned and locked outside the cave entrance by a manual or hydraulic anchor cable tensioner. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention enables the deployment of monitoring sensors without personnel entering the mining chamber. It is suitable for mining environments with no permanent support, limited space, and high roof risk in end-side mining, significantly reducing the safety risks of manual entry into the mining chamber.

[0015] This invention loads multiple temporary support components onto the same remote-controlled walking platform in a cascade manner. By sequentially pulling the suspension cables corresponding to each temporary support component from outside the mining tunnel, the multiple temporary support components are separated, flipped, and secured from the outermost layer to the innermost layer. Multiple support nodes can be continuously deployed in a single entry into the tunnel, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of unmanned deployment in long-distance mining tunnels.

[0016] After deployment, this invention enables the remote-controlled walking platform to exit the mining chamber, preventing the deployment equipment from being left behind and affecting subsequent paste backfilling operations.

[0017] This invention determines the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support components based on the tunnel clearance, the support point height of temporary support components, the minimum suspended height of the monitoring sensor target, the load of the suspension cable and the monitoring sensor, and the tension of the suspension cable, and ensures that the actual spacing between each component does not exceed the maximum allowable spacing. This allows long-distance suspension to be converted into multiple controlled suspension sections, reducing the sag of the suspension cable and keeping the lowest point of each suspension section within a predetermined suspended area. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the deployment method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary support component structure and its connection structure with the remote-controlled walking platform of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the present invention when deployed in a mining tunnel; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the present invention when it is deployed in the mining tunnel; In the diagram: 1-Remote control walking platform, 2-Temporary support assembly, 21-Outrigger, 22-Lower resistance section, 23-Upper connection top, 24-Cable guide hole, 25-Releasable limiting section, 26-Support section, 3-Suspension cable, 4-Mining tunnel, 5-Monitoring sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling, comprising the following steps: Based on the net height of the tunnel 4, the support point height of the temporary support assembly 2, the target minimum suspension height of the monitoring sensor 5, the load of the suspension cable 3 and the monitoring sensor 5, and the tension of the suspension cable, the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support assemblies 2 is determined so that the lowest point of the suspended section formed between adjacent temporary support assemblies 2 is not lower than the target minimum suspension height.

[0022] Outside the mining tunnel 4, a corresponding suspension cable 3 is configured for each temporary support component 2. The monitoring sensor 5 is fixed at the suspension section of one or more suspension cables 3. The monitoring sensor 5 includes one of the following: fiber optic sensor, earth pressure cell, strain sensor, displacement sensor, temperature sensor or pore pressure sensor. The monitoring sensor 5 is fixed to the corresponding suspension section by binding, clamping, sleeve limiting or adhesive. Multiple temporary support components 2 are connected in sequence through detachable limiting part 25 in a cascade manner. The innermost temporary support component 2 is connected to the remote-controlled walking platform 1 through the detachable limiting part 25.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the temporary support assembly 2 includes two legs 21, a lower resistance part 22, an upper connecting top 23, a detachable limiting part 25, and a support part 26. The top ends of the two legs 21 are respectively hinged to the lower end of the support part 26. The upper connecting top 23 is located at the top of the support part 26, and the detachable limiting part 25 is located on the front side of the support part 26. A cable guide hole 24 is opened in the middle of the support part 26. The outer end of the suspension cable 3 of the outermost temporary support assembly 2 is directly led to the outside of the mining chamber 4. The outer ends of the suspension cables 3 of the other temporary support assemblies 2 pass through the cable guide holes 24 of each of their outermost temporary support assemblies 2 in sequence and are led to the outside of the mining chamber 4. In order to improve the passage of the suspension cable 3 in the cable guide hole 24, a lubricating bushing is embedded in the inner wall of the cable guide hole 24, and the inlet and outlet of the cable guide hole 24 are provided with arc-shaped bevels.

[0024] The top part 23 is used to contact and secure the top plate of the mining chamber 4; the lower resistance part 22 is used to form a resistance point with the bottom plate of the mining chamber 4. The lower resistance part 22 is made of non-metallic materials such as bamboo, wood, fiberglass or carbon fiber, which has good strength and lightweight characteristics, and can reduce interference to subsequent backfilling of paste, mining cutting or monitoring signals; the two support legs 21 are hinged to the lower end of the support part 26. Rotating the support legs 21 can adjust the overall height of the temporary support assembly 2 to adapt to mining chambers 4 of different heights; the cable guide hole 24 allows the suspension cable 3 to pass through and supports and guides the suspension cable 3; the detachable limiting part 25 is used for the temporary connection between adjacent temporary support assemblies 2 or between the temporary support assembly 2 and the remote control walking platform 1. It is preferably a magnet, and the magnetic force of the magnet on the outer temporary support assembly 2 is weaker than that on the inner temporary support assembly 2, so as to achieve the purpose of detachment from the outside to the inside.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, the remote-controlled walking platform 1 drags multiple temporary support components 2 from the entrance of the mining chamber 4 inwards. When the remote-controlled walking platform 1 reaches the placement position of the first temporary support component 2 inside the mining chamber 4, the length of the suspension cable 3 corresponding to the first temporary support component 2 is exhausted. At this point, the first temporary support component 2 cannot continue to move with the remote-controlled walking platform 1. Since the magnetic force of the outermost magnet is relatively weaker than that of the inner magnet, the outermost detachable limiting part 25 disconnects, causing the first temporary support component 2 to separate from the other temporary support components 2. At the same time, the first temporary support component 2 is pulled by the outside of the mining chamber 4. For a softer base plate, the lower resistance part 22 of the suspension cable 3 can form an insertion resistance; for a harder base plate, the lower resistance part 22 can form resistance through abutment, friction, or anti-slip end. The lower resistance part 22 at the bottom of the temporary support assembly 2 forms a resistance point with the base plate of the mining chamber 4, causing the first temporary support assembly 2 to rotate and rise around the resistance point until the upper top 23 abuts against the top plate of the mining chamber 4. The outer end of the suspension cable 3 corresponding to the first temporary support assembly 2 is tensioned by a manual or hydraulic anchor cable tensioner and locked outside the opening. Thus, the first temporary support assembly 2 is secured between the top plate and the base plate of the mining chamber 4.

[0026] The remote-controlled walking platform 1 continues to move forward, dragging the remaining temporary support components 2. When the remote-controlled walking platform 1 moves to the position of the second temporary support component 2 inside the mining chamber 4, the length of the suspension cable 3 corresponding to the second temporary support component 2 is exhausted. The second temporary support component 2 is secured between the top plate and the bottom plate of the mining chamber 4 using the same method. This process continues until the last temporary support component 2 separates from the remote-controlled walking platform 1 and is secured between the top plate and the bottom plate of the mining chamber 4. Thus, multiple temporary support components 2 are deployed sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0027] The maximum permissible spacing between adjacent temporary support assemblies 2 is determined as follows: Let the height of the support point of the temporary support assembly 2 to the suspension cable 3 from the bottom plate of the mining tunnel 4 be... The minimum ground clearance of the target monitored by sensor 5 is The height at which the monitoring sensor 5 extends downward relative to the suspension cable 3 is The reserved safe height is Then the maximum allowable sag of suspension cable 3 for: ; Among them, the target minimum ground clearance A height of 0.5 meters is acceptable. This applies when the lowest point of the monitoring sensor 5 and its mounting structure is not lower than the lowest point of the suspension cable 3. Zero; when monitoring sensor 5 is suspended below suspension cable 3, Take the actual height of the monitoring sensor 5 extending below the suspension cable 3, and reserve a safe height. It is used to compensate for factors such as construction errors, elastic elongation of suspension cables, and undulation of the bottom plate of the mining tunnel.

[0028] Let the horizontal distance between adjacent temporary support components 2 be... The horizontal component of the working tension of suspension cable 3 is The equivalent uniformly distributed load formed by suspension cable 3 is Maximum sag caused by uniformly distributed load for: ; In the formula, The unit is Newtons per meter. and The unit is meters. The unit is Newton. Horizontal component. Based on the axial tension of the suspension cable and the angle between the suspension cable 3 at the support point and the horizontal direction. Sure: ; Axial tension The tension can be measured by a tension detection device installed at the traction end of the suspension cable 3, or determined according to the preset working tension of the traction device.

[0029] When monitoring sensors 5 are installed between adjacent temporary support components 2 to form a concentrated load, let the concentrated load be... The additional sag caused by it for: ; Among them, concentrated loads To monitor the gravitational force acting on sensor 5, it is determined according to the following formula: ; In the formula, The total mass of sensor 5 is measured in kg. The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ; Uniformly distributed load and concentrated load When acting together, the maximum sag of the suspended section for: ; The lowest point of the suspension cable 3 or the monitoring sensor 5 shall not be lower than the target's lowest ground clearance. It should satisfy: ; Right now ; The results were: ; Taking the positive root of the above quadratic inequality, we obtain the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support components 2. : ; In actual deployment, the actual horizontal spacing between adjacent temporary support components 2 satisfy: ; According to the maximum allowable spacing Determine the quantity and actual placement of temporary support components 2, and based on the actual horizontal spacing. The design sag and support point height determine the length of the suspension cable 3 suspension section between adjacent temporary support components 2; Assume that the total length of the suspended monitoring sensors 5 to be installed within mining tunnel 4 is [missing information]. The maximum allowable spacing calculated above is The number of overhanging segments It can be determined according to the following formula: ; Actual average spacing for: ; And satisfy: .

[0030] When the uniformly distributed load, the number of monitoring sensors 5, the height of the support points, and the tension of the suspension cable 3 are basically the same in each suspension section, multiple temporary support components 2 can be evenly spaced according to the actual average spacing. Deployment: When the number, weight, installation location, or support point height of the monitoring sensors 5 differ in different suspension sections, the maximum allowable spacing for each suspension section can be calculated separately. And it adopts a customized spacing layout based on monitoring needs.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, after all temporary support components 2 are secured, each suspension cable 3 forms multiple suspended sections between adjacent temporary support components 2. Each suspension cable 3 is tensioned from outside the mining chamber 4, ensuring that the lowest point of each suspended section is within a predetermined suspended area. The predetermined suspended area is determined based on the net height of the mining chamber 4, the width of the mining chamber 4, the backfilling range of the grout, and the subsequent mining cutting boundary. Preferably, the predetermined suspended area is located in the middle of the cross-section of the mining chamber 4 and maintains a preset safe distance from the bottom plate of the mining chamber 4, the sidewalls of the mining chamber 4, and the subsequent mining disturbance boundary, thereby reducing the probability of the monitoring sensor 5 falling into the grout edge disturbance area. Then, the remote-controlled walking platform 1 is controlled to exit the mining chamber 4 and perform grout backfilling.

[0032] If the monitoring sensor 5 is selected as a fiber optic sensor, then it needs to be continuously laid along the entire length of the suspension cable 3. In order to reduce the impact of compression on working stability, it is preferable to add a cable guide hole 24 on the upper part of the support part 26 of the support component 2. The suspension cable 3 with fiber optic sensor is laid passes through the cable guide hole 24 above each temporary support component 2 on its outer side in sequence and is led to the outside of the mining chamber 4.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deploying sensors for backfilling grout in unmanned mining pits, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the net height of the mining tunnel (4), the support point height of the temporary support assembly (2), the target minimum suspended height of the monitoring sensor (5), the load of the suspension cable (3) and the monitoring sensor (5) and the tension of the suspension cable, determine the maximum allowable distance between adjacent temporary support assemblies (2) so that the lowest point of the suspended section formed between adjacent temporary support assemblies (2) is not lower than the target minimum suspended height; Outside the mining tunnel (4), a corresponding suspension cable (3) is configured for each temporary support component (2), and the monitoring sensor (5) is fixed at the suspension section of one or more suspension cables (3); Multiple temporary support components (2) are connected in sequence through a detachable limiting part (25) in a cascade manner, and the innermost temporary support component (2) is connected to the remote-controlled walking platform (1) through the detachable limiting part (25). The remote-controlled walking platform (1) drags multiple temporary support components (2) from the opening of the mining chamber (4) into the interior. When the remote-controlled walking platform (1) moves to the position of the first temporary support component (2) inside the mining chamber (4), the length of the suspension cable (3) corresponding to the first temporary support component (2) is exhausted, and it can be disconnected from the limiting part (25) to separate the first temporary support component (2) from other temporary support components (2). At the same time, the suspension cable (3) corresponding to the first temporary support component (2) is pulled from outside the mining chamber (4). The bottom of the temporary support component (2) forms a resistance point with the bottom plate of the mining chamber (4) and causes the first temporary support component (2) to rotate and rise around the resistance point until its top touches the top plate of the mining chamber (4). Then the suspension cable (3) corresponding to the first temporary support component (2) is fixed outside the mining chamber (4). Thus, the first temporary support component (2) is fixed between the top plate of the mining chamber (4) and the bottom plate of the mining chamber (4). The remote-controlled walking platform (1) continues to move while dragging the remaining temporary support components (2). When the remote-controlled walking platform (1) moves to the location of the second temporary support component (2) inside the mining chamber (4), the length of the suspension cable (3) corresponding to the second temporary support component (2) is exhausted. The second temporary support component (2) is secured between the top plate and the bottom plate of the mining chamber (4) in the same way as above. This process continues until the last temporary support component (2) is separated from the remote-controlled walking platform (1) and secured between the top plate and the bottom plate of the mining chamber (4). After the remote-controlled walking platform (1) exits the mining chamber (4), it performs paste backfilling on the mining chamber (4).

2. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temporary support assembly (2) includes two legs (21), a lower resistance part (22), an upper top (23), a detachable limiting part (25), and a support part (26). The tops of the two legs (21) are respectively hinged to the lower end of the support (26), the top (23) is set at the top of the support (26), and the detachable limiting part (25) is set on the front side of the support (26).

3. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support part (26) has a cable guide hole (24) in the middle. The outer end of the suspension cable (3) of the outermost temporary support component (2) is directly led to the outside of the mining chamber (4). The outer ends of the suspension cables (3) of the other temporary support components (2) pass through the cable guide holes (24) of each of the temporary support components (2) on their outer sides and are led to the outside of the mining chamber (4).

4. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower resistance section (22) is made of non-metallic materials such as bamboo, wood, fiberglass or carbon fiber.

5. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable limiting part (25) is a magnet, and the magnetic force of the magnet on the outer temporary support assembly (2) is weaker than that of the magnet on the inner temporary support assembly (2).

6. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the cable guide hole (24) is fitted with a lubricating bushing, and the inlet and outlet of the cable guide hole (24) are both provided with arc-shaped bevels.

7. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum permissible spacing between adjacent temporary support assemblies (2) is determined as follows: Let the height of the support point of the temporary support assembly (2) to the suspension cable (3) from the bottom plate of the mining tunnel (4) be... The minimum ground clearance of the target monitored by sensor (5) is The height at which the monitoring sensor (5) extends downward relative to the suspension cable (3) is The reserved safe height is Then the maximum allowable sag of the suspension cable (3) is... for: ； Let the horizontal distance between adjacent temporary support components (2) be . The horizontal component of the working tension of the suspension cable (3) is The equivalent uniformly distributed load formed by the suspension cable (3) is Maximum sag caused by uniformly distributed load for: ； Horizontal components The axial tension of the suspension cable (3) can be used as a reference. and the angle between the suspension cable (3) at the support point and the horizontal direction. Sure: ； When a monitoring sensor (5) is installed between adjacent temporary support components (2) to form a concentrated load, let the concentrated load be... The additional sag caused by it for: ； Among them, concentrated loads To monitor the gravity acting on sensor (5), the following formula is used: ； In the formula, To monitor the total mass of sensor (5); The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ; Uniformly distributed load and concentrated load When acting together, the maximum sag of the suspended section for: ； The lowest point of the suspension cable (3) or monitoring sensor (5) shall not be lower than the lowest ground clearance of the target. It should satisfy: ； Right now ； The results were: ； Taking the positive root of the above quadratic inequality, we obtain the maximum allowable spacing between adjacent temporary support components (2). : ； In actual deployment, the actual horizontal spacing between adjacent temporary support components (2) satisfy: ； Assume that the total length of the suspended monitoring sensors (5) to be installed within the mining tunnel (4) is... The maximum allowable spacing calculated above is The number of overhanging segments It can be determined according to the following formula: ； Actual average spacing for: ； And satisfy: 。 8. The sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring sensor (5) includes one of the following: fiber optic sensor, earth pressure cell, strain sensor, displacement sensor, temperature sensor or pore pressure sensor; the monitoring sensor (5) is fixed to the corresponding suspended section by binding, clamping, sleeve limiting or adhesive.

9. A sensor deployment method for unmanned mining pit slurry backfilling according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer end of the suspension cable (3) is tensioned and locked outside the opening by a manual or hydraulic anchor tensioner.

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