Drill pipe straight push type tunnel water inrush profiling water blocking device and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling rod straight pushing type tunnel water inrush profiling water blocking device and a construction method, relates to the technical field of tunnel emergency rescue, and comprises a profiling expansion bag, a center flow guide pipe is penetrated in the middle part of the profiling expansion bag, a permeation support base is inlaid in the bottom of the profiling expansion bag, the cross section of the profiling expansion bag is designed as an asymmetric horseshoe-shaped structure matched with the cross section of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and the cross section profile of the profiling expansion bag is self-adaptingly attached to the tunnel excavation face surrounding rock profile when the profiling expansion bag is expanded, the drilling rod straight pushing type tunnel water inrush profiling water blocking device adopts the asymmetric horseshoe-shaped bag to realize full-face self-adapting sealing, constructs a pressure relief mechanism, realizes hierarchical gradient pressure relief through the cooperation of the straight flow guide pipe and the spiral flow guide pipe, utilizes overpressure triggering in-situ grouting consolidation, eliminates the pipe gushing hidden danger, and improves the water inrush emergency disposal efficiency and structural safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel emergency rescue technology, specifically to a drill rod direct-push tunnel water inrush contour blocking device and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Downhill tunnels are highly susceptible to mudslides and water inrushes when traversing water-rich faults or underground rivers. After a water inrush occurs, the water level will quickly rise downhill and flood the excavated tunnel section. Traditional disaster relief methods rely on high-powered water pumps for forced drainage or manual wading to pour concrete grout-stopping walls. However, under the enormous dynamic water pressure of tens or even hundreds of meters of water head, personnel cannot approach the tunnel face, and conventional sealing materials will be instantly washed away by the water.

[0003] Currently, the concept of using expandable cylindrical bags for sealing has been proposed in existing technologies. However, in actual implementation, the following defects exist: the cross-section of tunnels is mostly horseshoe-shaped (city gate-shaped) with straight bottom edges. After the cylindrical bag expands, huge leakage gaps will be generated at the two right angles at the bottom. In addition, the blasting operation before the water inrush will leave a large amount of rubble and waste in the tunnel floor. The bag can only press on the surface of the waste. High-pressure water inrush is very likely to cause "basal piping" along the gaps in the waste, resulting in complete failure of sealing.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a drill rod direct-push tunnel water inrush contour-guided water-blocking device and its supporting construction method. Through a contour-guided structural design adapted to the tunnel cross-section and a targeted foundation treatment structure, it solves the technical defects of traditional cylindrical bag sealing that easily generate leakage gaps and cause piping in the foundation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a drill rod-driven tunnel water inrush contour-guided water-blocking device and construction method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability of traditional bladders to achieve complete sealing and the occurrence of piping in the foundation due to residual waste at the bottom.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a drill rod direct-push tunnel water inrush conformal water blocking device, comprising a conformal expansion bladder, wherein a central guide pipe is penetrated through the middle of the conformal expansion bladder, and a permeation support base is embedded in the bottom of the conformal expansion bladder; The cross-section of the contoured expansion bag is designed to match the cross-section of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel. When the contoured expansion bag expands, its cross-sectional profile adapts to the profile of the surrounding rock at the tunnel excavation face, and can fill the two right-angled areas at the bottom of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel to avoid water leakage gaps. The inner cavity of the central guide tube is fitted with a DC flow tube, and several spiral diverter tubes surround the outside of the DC flow tube. A pressure sensing tube is fixedly installed at the front end of the central guide tube. The DC flow tube is used to provide a DC pressure relief channel. The spiral diverter tubes can divert part of the water when the water pressure increases, so as to prevent the shape-conforming expansion bladder from being over-compressed. The inner cavity of the permeation support base is connected to the inner cavity of the conformal expansion bladder. The bottom of the permeation support base is provided with several flow guides and burst valves. The flow guides can block the overflow of water from the bottom of the conformal expansion bladder, and the burst valves can launch polymer slurry to solidify the crushed stone and eliminate the piping phenomenon at the base.

[0007] Preferably, the wall of the conformal expansion bladder is composed of a sealing and pressure-maintaining layer, a skeleton layer, and an anti-slip rubber layer from the inside to the outside. Several pre-embedded grouting pipes are inserted into one side of the conformal expansion bladder. The front end of the pre-embedded grouting pipes penetrates into the inner cavity of the sealing and pressure-maintaining layer of the conformal expansion bladder. A valve is installed at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe, and a pressure display gauge is inserted into the side wall of one of the pre-embedded grouting pipes.

[0008] Preferably, the front end of the DC tube passes through the pressure sensing tube, the front end face of the pressure sensing tube is provided with a hollow partition, the middle of the hollow partition is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the front end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a conical crushing head, the end of the rotating shaft passes through to the inner side of the hollow partition and is equipped with a drive module, and a brush rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft. The end of the central guide pipe is fixedly installed with a flange for connecting the drill rod and a water shut-off valve.

[0009] Preferably, an annular partition is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure sensing tube, the annular partition is fixedly connected to the front end face of the central guide tube, an annular sealing plug is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure sensing tube, a circular cavity is provided in the middle of the annular sealing plug, the front end of the DC tube passes through the annular sealing plug, and the outer wall of the DC tube is tightly fitted with the circular cavity in the middle of the annular sealing plug.

[0010] Preferably, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular sealing plug, the sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the DC tube, a pressure spring is surrounded around the outside of the sleeve, the front end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the annular sealing plug, and the end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the annular partition.

[0011] Preferably, the front end sidewall of the DC tube is provided with a plurality of inner permeation grooves, and the sidewall of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of outer permeation grooves, and the plurality of inner permeation grooves correspond one-to-one with the plurality of outer permeation grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the front end of the spiral diverter passes through the annular partition, and the end end of the spiral diverter passes through the end face of the central guide pipe.

[0013] Preferably, several of the flow guides are irregularly distributed at the bottom of the permeation support base, and each flow guide is provided with a flow guide groove.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for constructing a tunnel water inrush prevention device using a drill rod direct-push type, which includes the following steps: S1: Connect and fix the end flange of the central diversion pipe and the water shut-off valve to the drill rod of the geological drilling rig. Tie the grouting pump body and control pipeline to the outside of the drill rod in parallel with the straps. After confirming that the pipelines are properly sealed and the valves can be opened and closed flexibly, the prefabrication is completed.

[0015] S2: Open the water-cutting gate valve at the end of the central diversion pipe, lock the rotation function of the geological drilling rig power head, start only the hydraulic feed cylinder, and push the entire device towards the water-bearing face through the linear thrust of the drill rod. During the pushing process, the drive module is activated to drive the front cone crusher head to rotate continuously, actively breaking through the crushed sludge accumulated in the tunnel. The brush rod simultaneously cleans the surface of the hollow partition to prevent sludge from clogging the water passage until the device is pushed to the designed predetermined position. S3: Start the grouting pump and inject water-foaming polymer grout into the conformal expansion bladder through the pre-embedded grouting pipe. The grout first fills the bottom area of ​​the bladder and then gradually fills upwards. The asymmetric horseshoe-shaped bladder expands adaptively to fit the tunnel contour rock wall. After the pressure display reaches the preset pressure threshold, close the valve at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe to stop grouting and complete the initial water-blocking structure layout. S4: After the initial deployment is completed, under low water pressure conditions, the water inrush is quickly depressurized through a single channel via the DC pipe. When the water pressure rises above the set threshold, the water pressure pushes the annular sealing plug backward, triggering the alignment and connection of the inner and outer permeation tanks. The high-pressure water inrush enters the spiral diversion pipe to achieve auxiliary diversion and depressurization. S5: If the water pressure in the sealing area continues to rise and exceeds the final pressure threshold, the overpressure grout will open the burst valve at the bottom of the seepage support base, injecting the polymer grout into the pile of gravel on the tunnel floor. The grout will spread evenly along the guide channel and foam and solidify upon contact with water, cementing the loose waste into a dense anti-piping solidification base. After the grout has completely solidified, the water shut-off valve will be closed to convert the dynamic water into static water. The drill rod will be withdrawn, and the water in the tunnel will be drained through the central guide pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional cylindrical balloon structures by employing an asymmetric horseshoe-shaped bag design that matches the tunnel cross-section. By utilizing an aramid fiber skeleton layer to limit the ultimate expansion volume, combined with a high-elongation sealing and pressure-retaining layer, the bag, when injected with water-reactive foaming polymer slurry, preferentially fills the bottom and evenly adheres upwards, forcibly squeezing into irregular rock surfaces and right-angled bottom edges. This achieves a full-section, dead-angle-free initial water-blocking seal, solving the problem of poor fit in irregularly shaped tunnels using traditional structures.

[0017] This invention constructs an intelligent pressure relief system consisting of a single-channel DC-flow pipe, a spiral diversion pipe, and a pressure sensing pipe. When the water pressure is low, the DC-flow pipe quickly relieves pressure. When the water pressure rises to a set threshold, the water pressure pushes the annular sealing plug to slide, automatically connecting the inner and outer permeation tanks, and activating the spiral diversion pipe for auxiliary diversion. The spiral diversion pipe utilizes its specific spiral structure to guide and dissipate the water flow, effectively reducing the dynamic water impact force during diversion. At the same time, the spiral flow channel can extend the water flow path and increase the water residence time, further reducing the impact of high-pressure water flow on the overall structure of the device and improving the stability of the overall structure of the water-blocking device.

[0018] This invention introduces a linkage scheme between a permeable support base and a burst valve. When the internal grout pressure exceeds the highest set threshold, the burst valve is automatically triggered, injecting high-pressure grout into the bottom gravel and waste residue. This transforms the "gravel and waste residue," which would otherwise cause leakage, into a pressure-resistant and seepage-proof "concrete base," fundamentally eliminating the hidden danger of piping in the foundation. At this point, the retaining wall is not only held in place by the rock wall but also deeply rooted in the bedrock through this "seepage-proof skirt," completely eliminating the potential for bottom voids. This reduces emergency response time, lowers construction costs, and improves rescue efficiency and safety.

[0019] This invention adopts a tiered and progressive sealing and pressure control concept. First, a prefabricated horseshoe-shaped expansion bladder quickly adapts to the irregular tunnel cross-section to complete the initial water-blocking seal. Then, using water pressure as an automatic power source, single-channel pressure relief and auxiliary diversion pressure relief are initiated in stages according to the actual water pressure. Finally, in-situ grouting and consolidation of the base are triggered by overpressure. From bladder sealing to tiered pressure control and base reinforcement, a complete and continuous protection system is formed, which avoids one-time damage to the water-blocking structure caused by sudden high-pressure water inrush and improves the safety and reliability of the overall sealing construction. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a bottom view.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the contour-following inflatable bladder portion of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the central guide tube and the pressure sensing tube of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the central guide tube of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure sensing tube of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the pressure sensing tube of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram comparing the misalignment and overlap of the outer and inner permeation tanks of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Contouring expansion bladder; 101. Sealing and pressure-maintaining layer; 102. Skeleton layer; 103. Anti-slip rubber layer; 2. Central guide pipe; 201. Direct flow pipe; 202. Diversion pipe; 203. Inner permeation tank; 3. Permeation support base; 301. Flow guide; 302. Bursting valve; 303. Flow guide groove; 4. Pressure sensing tube; 401. Hollowed-out partition; 402. Conical crushing head; 403. Annular partition; 404. Annular sealing plug; 405. Sleeve; 406. Pressure spring; 407. Outer permeation tank; 5. Pre-embedded grouting pipe; 6. Pressure display gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a drill rod direct-push tunnel water inrush conformal water blocking device, including conformal expansion bag 1, a central guide pipe 2 passing through the middle of the conformal expansion bag 1, and a permeation support base 3 embedded in the bottom of the conformal expansion bag 1. The cross-section of the contoured expansion bag 1 is designed to match the cross-section of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel. When the contoured expansion bag 1 expands, its cross-sectional profile adapts to the profile of the surrounding rock at the tunnel excavation face, which can fill the two right-angled areas at the bottom of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel and avoid the formation of water leakage gaps. The inner cavity of the central guide tube 2 is fitted with a DC flow tube 201, and several spiral diversion tubes 202 surround the outside of the DC flow tube 201. A pressure sensing tube 4 is fixedly installed at the front end of the central guide tube 2. The DC flow tube 201 is used to provide a DC pressure relief channel. The spiral diversion tubes 202 can divert part of the water when the water pressure increases, so as to prevent the shape-contouring expansion bladder 1 from being over-compressed. The inner cavity of the permeation support base 3 is connected to the inner cavity of the conformal expansion bladder 1. The bottom of the permeation support base 3 is provided with several flow guides 301 and burst valves 302. The flow guides 301 can block the overflow of water from the bottom of the conformal expansion bladder 1, and the burst valves 302 can launch polymer slurry to solidify the crushed stone and eliminate the piping phenomenon at the base.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the wall of the conformal expansion bag 1 is composed of a sealing and pressure-maintaining layer 101, a skeleton layer 102, and an anti-slip rubber layer 103 from the inside to the outside. Several pre-embedded grouting pipes 5 are inserted into one side of the conformal expansion bag 1. The front end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5 penetrates into the inner cavity of the sealing and pressure-maintaining layer 101 of the conformal expansion bag 1. A valve is installed at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5, and a pressure display gauge 6 is inserted into the side wall of one of the pre-embedded grouting pipes 5. The front end of the DC tube 201 passes through the pressure sensing tube 4. The front end face of the pressure sensing tube 4 is provided with a hollow partition 401. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the hollow partition 401. A conical crushing head 402 is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft passes through to the inner side of the hollow partition 401 and is equipped with a drive module. A brush rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft. The end of the central guide pipe 2 is fixedly equipped with a flange for connecting the drill rod and a water shut-off valve; It should be noted that the entire conformal expansion bag 1 is designed with three layers. The innermost sealing and pressure-retaining layer 101 is used to encapsulate the chemical slurry and provide high elongation. The skeleton layer 102 is made of aramid fiber woven mesh, and its ultimate expansion volume is limited to 1.1 to 1.2 times the tunnel design cross-sectional area. The anti-slip rubber layer 103 is made of thickened nitrile rubber with anti-slip ridges evenly distributed on the surface. The two ends of the bag wall are mechanically and sealed to the outer wall of the central guide tube 2 through heavy-duty clamping flanges. The specific dimensions and thickness of the conformal expansion bag 1 can be designed according to the actual application environment.

[0032] In addition, several pre-embedded grouting pipes 5 are inserted into one side of the contoured expansion bag 1. Water-reactive foaming polymer grout is injected into the contoured expansion bag 1 through an external grouting pump. The grout fills the bottom and top chambers sequentially at a set pressure, causing the bag to expand adaptively and squeeze into and fill the irregular rock surfaces at the corners of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, forming an initial water-retaining wall. This method abandons the traditional cylindrical balloon structure and pre-sewn a horseshoe-shaped bag with a large margin according to the tunnel size. The internal multi-chamber first fills the bottom, and the material's flexibility is used to force it into the irregular rock surfaces and right-angled bottom edges, achieving a full-section seal without dead angles. The specific sealing process is as follows: First, connect the flange at the end of the central guide pipe 2 directly to the drill rod of the geological drilling rig. Then, tie the grouting pump body and control pipeline to the outside of the drill rod in parallel with the straps. Open the water shut-off valve, lock the rotation function of the power head of the geological drilling rig, and only start the hydraulic feed cylinder. Through the linear thrust of the drill rod, the front rotating cone-shaped crusher head 402 is used to forcefully push open the waste in the tunnel. The conical crushing head 402 is rotatably connected to the perforated partition 401 via a rotating shaft. The grooves on the surface of the perforated partition 401 allow water to pass through and block large particles of gravel and impurities from entering the pressure sensing tube 4, preventing them from getting stuck. The drive module drives the rotating shaft to rotate continuously. The drive module mainly consists of a protective shell and a drive motor. This drive module is existing technology and is therefore not shown in the figure. During the drill rod pushing process, the conical crushing head 402 rotates continuously to actively break up the sludge at the front of the tunnel face. It works in conjunction with the brush rod to continuously clean the surface of the perforated partition 401, preventing sludge from clogging the water passages of the perforated partition 401 and ensuring smooth water flow.

[0033] Subsequently, upon reaching the water-bearing area, water-foaming polymer grout is continuously injected into the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5 via a grouting pump. As the liquid is injected, the contoured expansion bag 1 begins to expand. During the expansion process, the asymmetric horseshoe-shaped bag structure first fills the bottom area of ​​the tunnel, and the subsequently injected grout gradually fills upwards, making the bag uniformly conform to the tunnel contour rock wall. The pressure display is observed, and when the pressure value reaches the preset pressure threshold (generally, the internal pressure when the bag is completely in contact with the rock wall is about 1.0 MPa), the valve at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5 is immediately closed to stop grouting, completing the installation and positioning of the contoured expansion bag 1. The water-blocking structure can be quickly deployed without the need for large-scale forced drainage operations in advance.

[0034] At this time, the water inrush area forms a closed area. As the water level in the water inrush area increases, the water pressure increases. The water first passes through the hollow partition 401 and enters the direct current pipe 201 inside the pressure sensing tube 4, and is discharged sequentially through the direct current pipe 201. At this time, the central guide pipe 2 forms a pressure relief channel. This channel can achieve a continuous and stable pressure relief effect. Combined with the waterproofing of the conformal expansion bladder 1, it greatly reduces the operational risks and time costs of emergency rescue.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, an annular partition 403 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure sensing tube 4. The annular partition 403 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the central guide tube 2. An annular sealing plug 404 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure sensing tube 4. A circular cavity is provided in the middle of the annular sealing plug 404. The front end of the DC tube 201 passes through the annular sealing plug 404, and the outer wall of the DC tube 201 is tightly fitted with the circular cavity in the middle of the annular sealing plug 404. A sleeve 405 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular sealing plug 404. The sleeve 405 is sleeved on the outer wall of the DC tube 201. A pressure spring 406 is surrounded around the outside of the sleeve 405. The front end of the pressure spring 406 is fixedly connected to the annular sealing plug 404, and the end of the pressure spring 406 is fixedly connected to the annular partition 403. The front end side wall of the DC tube 201 is provided with a number of inner permeation grooves 203, and the side wall of the sleeve 405 is provided with a number of outer permeation grooves 407, and the number of inner permeation grooves 203 and the number of outer permeation grooves 407 correspond one-to-one. The front end of the spiral diverter 202 passes through the annular partition 403, and the end end of the spiral diverter 202 passes through the end face of the central guide pipe 2. It should be noted that as the water pressure gradually increases, the bladder begins to be squeezed. When the pressure exceeds 1.0 MPa and is between 1.0 and 1.5 MPa, the central direct current pipe 201 can no longer meet the pressure relief requirements. To prevent the conformal expansion bladder 1 from being excessively squeezed and deformed before the internal polymer slurry is depressurized, the auxiliary pressure relief channel is immediately activated. Specifically, the water pressure in the blocked area is used as a power source. The water pressure will push the annular sealing plug 404 in the pressure sensing tube 4 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure spring 406 and slide backward along the outer wall of the direct flow pipe 201. The annular sealing plug 404 drives the sleeve 405 to move backward in sync, so that the inner permeation groove 203 on the side wall of the direct flow pipe 201 gradually aligns and connects with the outer permeation groove 407 on the side wall of the sleeve 405. At this time, some of the high-pressure water will enter the spiral diversion pipe 202 through the aligned and connected groove, and be diverted and discharged backward through the spiral diversion pipe 202, thereby sharing the discharge pressure of the direct flow pipe 201 and avoiding the water-blocking structure being damaged by high pressure due to insufficient flood discharge capacity of the single channel.

[0036] The spiral diverter 202 utilizes its specific spiral structure to guide and dissipate water flow, effectively reducing the dynamic water impact force during diversion. At the same time, the spiral flow channel can extend the water flow path and increase the water residence time, providing secondary buffering and dissipation of water pressure in the inrush area, further reducing the impact of high-pressure water flow on the overall structure of the device, and improving the stability of the overall structure of the water blocking device.

[0037] When the water pressure decreases, the pressure spring 406 releases its elastic force, pushing the annular sealing plug 404 to reset. The inner infiltration tank 203 and the outer infiltration tank 407 are repositioned and separated, and the discharge returns to the mode of only passing through the direct current pipe 201. The device can automatically adjust the scale of diversion and pressure discharge according to the water pressure, and adaptively match the flood discharge needs of different water conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pressure sensing tube 4 is connected to the central guide tube 2. On the one hand, it guides the high-pressure water through, and on the other hand, it can sense the water pressure in the gushing area. When the water pressure is low, only the direct current pipe 201 is activated to achieve single-channel rapid pressure relief to ensure the pressure relief rate. When the water pressure increases, the spiral diversion pipe 202 will be automatically triggered to assist in diversion and pressure relief. The spiral diversion pipe 202 can extend the water flow path and increase the water residence time. The diversion pipe 202 is used for secondary diversion and auxiliary pressure relief to further control the water pressure in the gushing area. Pressure self-control is formed before the final protective effect is triggered. If the secondary pressure relief operation can offset the impact of the increased water pressure, there is no need to consume additional polymer slurry, thereby reducing the consumption of polymer slurry and reducing construction costs. If secondary depressurization still cannot completely offset the water pressure impact, when the entire bladder is squeezed and deformed, the internal slurry pressure increases. The sealing effect can be further enhanced by subsequent base grouting and filling, forming a graded and progressive pressure buffer system.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, several flow guides 301 are irregularly distributed at the bottom of the permeation support base 3, and each flow guide 301 is provided with a flow guide groove 303.

[0040] It should be noted that the permeation support base 3 is located in the rear half of the conformal expansion bladder and has an internal cavity structure that communicates with the inner cavity of the bladder. When the water pressure in the sealing area continues to increase, it further compresses the bladder, causing it to deform. When the internal grouting pressure exceeds the set threshold of 1.5 MPa, the overpressure grout will open the burst valve 302 at the pressure relief pipe port. Utilizing the principle of physical pressure difference, when the bladder expands and compacts the rock wall pressure, the bottom valve automatically bursts, forcibly injecting the polymer grout into the bottom rubble pile. The polymer grout foams and solidifies upon contact with water, cementing the loose waste residue into a dense anti-piping solidification base. This polymer grout is an existing technical solution, and the specific foaming and solidification process will not be elaborated in detail.

[0041] With the injection of polymer grout, the "rubble and waste" that would otherwise cause leakage is cemented in place and transformed into a pressure-resistant and seepage-proof "concrete base", fundamentally eliminating the hidden danger of piping in the foundation. At this time, the retaining wall is not only stuck to the rock wall, but also deeply rooted in the bedrock through this "seepage-proof skirt", and the hidden danger of bottom gap is completely eliminated.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a flow guide 301 is added to the permeation support base 3. The flow guide 301 is irregularly distributed, and each flow guide 301 is provided with a flow guide groove 303. The staggered flow guide grooves 303 form a complex seepage path on the permeation support base 3, guiding the injected polymer slurry to spread evenly along the grooves, ensuring that the slurry can fully fill the gaps of waste residue at different depths and positions, and improving the overall seepage prevention stability of the base.

[0043] After the blasting valve 302 ruptures, the contoured expansion bag 1 will release pressure at the bottom instantly. The bottom of the contoured expansion bag 1 is not tightly fitted to the original tunnel ground. The irregularly distributed guide grooves 303 can extend, disperse and dissipate energy in stages when high-pressure water passes through, slowing down the flow rate of water seeping out from the bottom gap, preventing high-pressure water from directly breaking through the grout consolidation zone, providing sufficient reaction time for grout foaming and consolidation, and ensuring the forming quality of the base seepage prevention structure.

[0044] Once the slurry has completely solidified, the water shut-off valve is closed via mechanical cable or hydraulic control line. At this point, the flowing water becomes still water, and the gushing water is completely cut off. The drilling rig fixing pin is pulled out, and the drill rod is withdrawn. Without the obstruction of the drill rod, the water shut-off valve is fully open. At the same time, a high-flow water pump is used to drain the water in the tunnel through the direct current pipe 201 of the central guide pipe 2. Once the geological conditions are completely stable, the temporary polymer wall is broken up, and normal blasting and tunneling operations are resumed. After the pressure is released, the remaining polymer slurry is pumped back through the pump body. At this time, the entire contour expansion bag 1 contracts. The drill rod is restarted to retract it. During the retraction process, the entire contour expansion bag 1 is slightly lifted, so that a gap is formed between the guide plate 301 and the slurry solidified block, and then it can be withdrawn.

[0045] This device adopts a graded and progressive sealing and pressure control concept. First, the prefabricated horseshoe-shaped expansion bladder 1 quickly adapts to the irregular tunnel cross-section to complete the initial water-blocking and sealing. Then, using water pressure as an automatic power source, it initiates single-channel pressure relief and auxiliary diversion pressure relief in stages according to the actual water pressure. Finally, it triggers in-situ grouting and consolidation of the base through overpressure. From bladder sealing to graded pressure control and base reinforcement, a complete and continuous protection system is formed, which avoids one-time damage to the water-blocking structure caused by sudden high-pressure water inrush and improves the safety and reliability of the overall sealing construction.

[0046] Furthermore, the device can be directly pushed into place by the drill rod of a geological drilling rig, eliminating the need for large-scale dredging and drainage operations in advance. This significantly reduces the emergency response time after a sudden water inrush, providing a valuable window for on-site rescue. Compared to traditional processes such as rockfill embankment construction and pre-grouting for water blocking, the construction process is simpler, more adaptable to sudden situations, and has a lower overall cost.

[0047] The following describes a construction method for a drill rod direct-push tunnel water inrush contour-guided water-blocking device, which includes the following steps: S1: Connect and fix the end flange of the central guide pipe 2 and the water shut-off valve to the drill rod of the geological drilling rig. Tie the grouting pump body and control pipeline to the outside of the drill rod in parallel with the straps. After confirming that the pipeline is sealed normally and the valves open and close flexibly, the prefabrication is completed.

[0048] S2: Open the water-cutting gate valve at the end of the central guide pipe 2, lock the rotation function of the geological drilling rig power head, start only the hydraulic feed cylinder, and push the whole device towards the water-bearing face through the linear thrust of the drill rod. During the pushing process, the drive module is activated to drive the front cone crusher head 402 to rotate continuously, actively breaking through the crushed sludge accumulated in the tunnel. The brush rod simultaneously cleans the surface of the hollow partition plate 401 to prevent sludge from blocking the water passage until the device is pushed to the designed predetermined position. S3: Start the grouting pump and inject water-foaming polymer grout into the conformal expansion bag 1 through the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5. The grout first fills the bottom area of ​​the bag and then gradually fills upwards. The asymmetrical horseshoe-shaped bag expands adaptively to fit the tunnel contour rock wall. After the pressure display 6 reaches the preset pressure threshold, close the valve at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 5 to stop grouting and complete the initial water-blocking structure layout. S4: After the initial setup is completed, under low water pressure conditions, the water inrush is quickly depressurized through the DC pipe 201 in a single channel. When the water pressure rises above the set threshold, the water pressure pushes the annular sealing plug 404 to move backward, triggering the inner permeation tank 203 and the outer permeation tank 407 to align and connect. The high-pressure water inrush enters the spiral diversion pipe 202 to achieve auxiliary diversion and depressurization. S5: If the water pressure in the blocked area continues to rise and exceeds the final pressure threshold, the overpressure grout will open the burst valve 302 at the bottom of the permeation support base 3, injecting the polymer grout into the pile of gravel on the tunnel floor. The grout will spread evenly along the guide channel 303 and foam and solidify upon contact with water, cementing the loose waste residue into a dense anti-piping solidification base. After the grout has completely solidified, the water cut-off valve will be closed to convert the dynamic water into static water. The drill rod of the drilling rig will be withdrawn, and the water in the tunnel will be drained through the central guide pipe 2.

[0049] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device, comprising a conformal expansion bladder, characterized in that: A central guide tube runs through the middle of the contoured expansion bladder, and a permeation support base is embedded in the bottom of the contoured expansion bladder. The cross-section of the contoured expansion bag is designed to match the cross-section of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel. When the contoured expansion bag expands, its cross-sectional profile adapts to the profile of the surrounding rock at the tunnel excavation face, and can fill the two right-angled areas at the bottom of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel to avoid water leakage gaps. The inner cavity of the central guide tube is fitted with a DC flow tube, and several spiral diverter tubes surround the outside of the DC flow tube. A pressure sensing tube is fixedly installed at the front end of the central guide tube. The DC flow tube is used to provide a DC pressure relief channel. The spiral diverter tubes can divert part of the water when the water pressure increases, so as to prevent the shape-conforming expansion bladder from being over-compressed. The inner cavity of the permeation support base is connected to the inner cavity of the conformal expansion bladder. The bottom of the permeation support base is provided with several flow guides and burst valves. The flow guides can block the overflow of water from the bottom of the conformal expansion bladder, and the burst valves can launch polymer slurry to solidify the crushed stone and eliminate the piping phenomenon at the base.

2. The drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contoured expansion bladder's body wall is composed of a sealing and pressure-maintaining layer, a skeleton layer, and an anti-slip rubber layer from the inside out. Several pre-embedded grouting pipes are inserted into one side of the contoured expansion bladder. The front end of each pre-embedded grouting pipe penetrates into the inner cavity of the sealing and pressure-maintaining layer of the contoured expansion bladder. A valve is installed at the end of each pre-embedded grouting pipe, and a pressure display gauge is inserted into the side wall of one of the pre-embedded grouting pipes.

3. The drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the DC tube passes through the pressure sensing tube. The front end face of the pressure sensing tube is provided with a hollow partition. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the hollow partition. A conical crushing head is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft passes through to the inner side of the hollow partition and is equipped with a drive module. A brush rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft. The end of the central guide pipe is fixedly installed with a flange for connecting the drill rod and a water shut-off valve.

4. The drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular baffle is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure sensing tube. The annular baffle is fixedly connected to the front end face of the central guide tube. An annular sealing plug is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure sensing tube. A circular cavity is provided in the middle of the annular sealing plug. The front end of the DC-current tube passes through the annular sealing plug, and the outer wall of the DC-current tube is tightly fitted with the circular cavity in the middle of the annular sealing plug.

5. A drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular sealing plug. The sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the DC tube. A pressure spring is surrounded around the outside of the sleeve. The front end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the annular sealing plug, and the end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the annular partition.

6. A drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end sidewall of the DC tube is provided with several internal permeation grooves, and the sidewall of the sleeve is provided with several external permeation grooves, with each internal permeation groove corresponding to the other external permeation groove.

7. A drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the spiral diverter passes through the annular partition, and the end end of the spiral diverter passes through the end face of the central guide pipe.

8. A drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned flow guides are irregularly distributed at the bottom of the permeation support base, and each of the aforementioned flow guides has a flow guide groove.

9. A method for constructing a tunnel water inrush prevention and control system using a drill rod direct-push method, characterized in that: The drill pipe direct-push type tunnel water inrush conformal water blocking device according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S1: Connect and fix the end flange of the central diversion pipe and the water shut-off valve to the drill rod of the geological drilling rig. Tie the grouting pump body and control pipeline to the outside of the drill rod in parallel with the straps. After confirming that the pipelines are properly sealed and the valves can be opened and closed flexibly, the prefabrication is completed. S2: Open the water-cutting gate valve at the end of the central diversion pipe, lock the rotation function of the geological drilling rig power head, start only the hydraulic feed cylinder, and push the entire device towards the water-bearing face through the linear thrust of the drill rod. During the pushing process, the drive module is activated to drive the front cone crusher head to rotate continuously, actively breaking through the crushed sludge accumulated in the tunnel. The brush rod simultaneously cleans the surface of the hollow partition to prevent sludge from clogging the water passage until the device is pushed to the designed predetermined position. S3: Start the grouting pump and inject water-foaming polymer grout into the conformal expansion bladder through the pre-embedded grouting pipe. The grout first fills the bottom area of ​​the bladder and then gradually fills upwards. The asymmetric horseshoe-shaped bladder expands adaptively to fit the tunnel contour rock wall. After the pressure display reaches the preset pressure threshold, close the valve at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe to stop grouting and complete the initial water-blocking structure layout. S4: After the initial deployment is completed, under low water pressure conditions, the water inrush is quickly depressurized through a single channel via the DC pipe. When the water pressure rises above the set threshold, the water pressure pushes the annular sealing plug backward, triggering the alignment and connection of the inner and outer permeation tanks. The high-pressure water inrush enters the spiral diversion pipe to achieve auxiliary diversion and depressurization. S5: If the water pressure in the sealing area continues to rise and exceeds the final pressure threshold, the overpressure grout will open the burst valve at the bottom of the seepage support base, injecting the polymer grout into the pile of gravel on the tunnel floor. The grout will spread evenly along the guide channel and foam and solidify upon contact with water, cementing the loose waste into a dense anti-piping solidification base. After the grout has completely solidified, the water shut-off valve will be closed to convert the dynamic water into static water. The drill rod will be withdrawn, and the water in the tunnel will be drained through the central guide pipe.

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