An adjustable vertical axis wind turbine and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of vertical axis fan wind power generation equipment, and discloses an adjustable vertical axis fan wind wheel device and a use method, which comprise a central shaft, lift blades are arranged on the central shaft in a circumferential direction, the lift blades are fixedly connected with the central shaft through support rods, and a generator or a speed-increasing power generation assembly is installed at the lower end of the central shaft, the present application controls the unfolding and folding of resistance blades through the action of centrifugal force and magnetic force, the resistance blades are unfolded when the wind wheel is in a static state at low wind speed, a starting torque is provided to assist the starting of the vertical axis fan, and when the critical rotating speed is reached, the resistance blades are changed into a folded state, the wind shielding area is small, and the resistance blades almost have no influence on the rotation of the wind wheel, so that the effect of unfolding to assist the starting of the fan at low wind speed and folding to avoid the influence on the rotation of the wind wheel at high wind speed is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical axis wind turbine power generation equipment, and particularly to an adjustable vertical axis wind turbine rotor device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical axis wind turbines are widely used in distributed energy applications due to their advantages such as not requiring wind contact, stable operation, and high safety. Vertical axis wind turbines are divided into drag-type and lift-type. Lift-type wind turbines have high wind energy utilization coefficients and good efficiency at high tip speed ratios, but poor starting performance at low wind speeds; drag-type wind turbines have large starting torque and are easy to self-start, but have high wind resistance and low efficiency at high speeds.

[0003] In existing technologies, fixed resistance structures are often used to assist the start-up of lift-type wind turbines, but this will generate additional resistance at high speeds, reducing the aerodynamic efficiency of the lift blades. Other technologies use active mechanisms such as motors and connecting rods to adjust the blade attitude, but these are complex in structure, have a high failure rate, and are costly, making them unsuitable for long-term outdoor operation.

[0004] To address the above issues, a vertical axis wind turbine structure is needed that is simple in structure, requires no external control, and can automatically adjust the swept area of ​​the drag blades according to the rotational speed. At low speeds, the drag blades assist in starting, while at high speeds, the drag blades are retracted to ensure efficient operation of the lift blades. This approach balances starting performance and operational efficiency, improving upon the current situation of difficult wind turbine startup and low wind energy utilization.

[0005] Therefore, the above problems are solved by an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device and a method of using it, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a central shaft, wherein lifting blades are provided along the circumferential direction of the central shaft, the lifting blades are fixedly connected to the central shaft by a support rod, and a generator or speed-up generator assembly is installed at the lower end of the central shaft.

[0008] Preferably, there are two support rods, both of which are located between the lifting blade and the central axis, and there is a gap between the two support rods, the width of which is less than the length of the lifting blade.

[0009] Preferably, each of the two supporting rods has a sliding rail on its facing surfaces, and a resistance plate is slidably disposed between the two sliding rails.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding track includes a sliding groove inside, and a magnetic attraction device is installed at one end of the sliding groove near the central axis.

[0011] Preferably, a slider is arranged inside the sliding groove, and the sliders in the upper and lower sliding grooves are connected by a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the resistance plate, and the slider slides radially to drive the resistance plate to open and close.

[0012] Preferably, the resistance blade has rotating holes on both ends, which are used for mounting the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a hinge is installed on one side of the end face of the drag blade, and the hinge is used to connect adjacent drag blades.

[0014] A method of using an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device: when the fan is stationary or at low speed, the magnetic attraction force provided by the magnetic attraction device is greater than the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the resistance blades. The resistance blades are in the deployed state, facing the wind and receiving the flow, generating an auxiliary starting torque to drive the impeller to rotate. As the wind turbine speed gradually increases, the centrifugal force on the drag blades increases accordingly. Once the centrifugal force exceeds the magnetic attraction force, the drag blades on the side closest to the central axis will detach from the magnetic attraction device and automatically slide outward along the sliding track to fold into a retracted state. When retracted, the windward area of ​​the drag blades is significantly reduced, with virtually no interference to the normal aerodynamic performance of the lift blades, allowing the wind turbine to switch to pure lift mode for efficient power generation.

[0015] Preferably, the critical speed at which the drag blades expand and retract is 1.2 to 1.5 times the wind turbine's cut-in speed.

[0016] Preferably, when the fan speed is lower than the set value, the magnetic attraction force is greater than the centrifugal force, and the resistance blades remain deployed to provide auxiliary starting torque; When the fan speed exceeds the set value, the centrifugal force is greater than the magnetic attraction force, and the resistance blades automatically slide radially outward along the slide rail and retract, reducing the frontal area.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention controls the deployment and retraction of the drag blades through the action of centrifugal force and magnetic attraction. The drag blades deploy when the wind speed is low and the impeller is stationary, providing starting torque to assist the vertical axis fan in starting. When the critical speed is reached, the drag blades retract, and their wind-blocking area becomes smaller, hardly affecting the rotation of the impeller. This achieves the effect of deploying to assist the fan in starting at low wind speeds and retracting at high wind speeds to avoid affecting the rotation of the impeller.

[0018] This invention utilizes a retractable drag blade design, which allows for an unrestricted installation radius for the drag blades. Without affecting the lift blades, the installation radius can be maximized, thereby improving self-starting capability.

[0019] The drag blade design of this invention can also provide some support for the blade support rod, thereby improving structural stability.

[0020] This invention avoids complex control systems through mechanical design, effectively reducing manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0021] The vertical axis fan auxiliary start device of this invention adopts a modular design and standardized interface. Different specifications of auxiliary start modules can be selected according to the unit capacity. The whole auxiliary start device is simple and easy to install, effectively reducing manufacturing and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable resistance plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the resistance plate structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating hole structure of the drag blade of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding track structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged sliding track structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Central shaft; 2. Support rod; 3. Lifting blade; 4. Resistance plate; 401. Resistance blade; 402. Rotating shaft; 403. Slider; 404. Hinge; 405. Rotating hole; 5. Sliding track; 501. Sliding groove; 502. Magnetic suction device. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 7The present invention relates to an adjustable vertical axis wind turbine rotor device, wherein the central shaft 1 serves as the main rotating component of the rotor, and three H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine lift blades 3 are evenly distributed along the circumference of its outer circumference. The lift blades 3 preferably adopt a straight airfoil to obtain a higher wind energy utilization coefficient under a high tip speed ratio.

[0032] Each lifting blade 3 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 1 by two horizontally arranged support rods 2. The two support rods 2 are parallel and spaced apart between the lifting blade 3 and the central shaft 1. The outer end is connected to the root of the lifting blade 3, and the inner end converges to the central shaft 1. The "two rods and one blade" skeleton formed by this creates a stable H-shaped frame structure. The distance between the two support rods 2 is clearly less than the height of the lifting blade 3, thereby avoiding torsional instability of the lifting blade 3 under aerodynamic load. This distance also provides space for the installation of the auxiliary starting mechanism.

[0033] A sliding track 5 is mirror-imagely provided on the inner sides of the two supporting rods 2. A resistance plate 4 is slidably arranged between the two sliding tracks 5. The resistance plate 4 specifically includes a slider 403. The material of the slider 403 is the same as that adsorbed by the magnetic attraction device 502, such as steel. A rotating shaft 402 is installed on its end face. A resistance blade 401 is assembled on the outer circular surface of the rotating shaft 402. Rotating holes 405 are provided on both ends of the resistance blade 401 so that the rotating shaft 402 can pass through and be positioned. One side of the end face of the resistance blade 401 is hinged to the adjacent resistance blade 401 through a hinge 404. The resistance plate 4 can slide radially in the sliding groove 501 with the slider 403 to realize the unfolding and retraction.

[0034] The number of sliders 403 corresponds to the number of resistance blades 401. One slider 403, which is farthest from the magnetic attraction device 502, is fixed inside the sliding groove 501, while the other sliders 403 slide inside the sliding groove 501. That is, the slider 403 closest to the lifting blade 3 inside the sliding groove 501 is fixed inside the sliding groove 501, while the other sliders 403 slide inside the sliding groove 501.

[0035] The sliding track 5 has a through sliding groove 501 radially opened inside the wind turbine. The end of the sliding groove 501 near the central shaft 1 is open. A magnetic attraction device 502 is fixedly installed at the opening. The magnetic attraction device 502 is a permanent magnet or an adjustable electromagnet. The magnetic attraction device 502 is used to provide axial magnetic attraction force during operation to attract the slider 403. The slider 403 serves as the radial movement carrier of the resistance plate 4, is embedded in the sliding groove 501 and can slide radially back and forth along the groove.

[0036] Specifically, when the resistance plate 4 is in the unfolded or retracted state, its slider 403 and rotating shaft 402 both span between the two support rods 2, giving the two support rods 2 an additional rigid support point. This prevents the support rods 2 from cracking or breaking due to centrifugal fatigue caused by the long-term rotation of the central shaft 1, and improves the overall structural stability.

[0037] When the fan is stationary or in a low wind speed or low speed state, natural wind blows towards the wind turbine. The lifting blade 3 is not able to start automatically due to its extremely small starting torque. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the resistance blade 401 rotating with the central shaft 1 is less than the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction device 502. The slider 403 is attracted and positioned at the end of the sliding groove 501 near the opening of the central shaft 1. The resistance blade 401 remains unfolded, with the maximum windward area, generating an auxiliary starting torque to drive the wind turbine to rotate.

[0038] As the rotor speed gradually increases, the centrifugal force on the resistance blades 401 increases proportionally to the square of the rotational speed. The critical speed for deployment and retraction is preset to 1.2 to 1.5 times the fan's entry speed, and is calibrated by adjusting the magnetic force of the magnetic attraction device 502 or the mass of the resistance plate 4. For a 10kW vertical axis fan unit, the generator assembly cut-in speed is 21 rpm, and the critical speed is set from 25.2 rpm (1.2 times) to 31.5 rpm (1.5 times). During factory commissioning, the centrifugal force is made to be just greater than the magnetic attraction force when the speed crosses the above range by selecting the corresponding magnetic attraction device 502 or adding or removing the counterweight of the resistance plate 4.

[0039] For a 50kW vertical axis fan unit, if the cut-in speed is 10 rpm, the critical speed is set to 12 rpm (1.2 times) to 15 rpm (1.5 times). Similarly, the magnetic attraction-centrifugal balance calibration is completed.

[0040] When the actual rotational speed of the wind turbine increases to the corresponding critical value, the slider 403 disengages from the magnetic attraction device 502 and automatically slides radially outward along the sliding groove 501. Through the rotating shaft 402, the resistance blade 401 is driven to fold and retract via the hinge 404, significantly reducing the windward area and avoiding interference with the aerodynamic characteristics of the lift blade 3. The wind turbine then enters the high-efficiency power generation mode.

[0041] A method of using an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device: when the fan is stationary or at low speed, the magnetic attraction force provided by the magnetic attraction device 502 is greater than the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the resistance blades 401. The resistance blades 401 are in the deployed state, facing the wind and receiving the flow, generating an auxiliary starting torque to drive the impeller to rotate.

[0042] As the wind turbine speed gradually increases, the centrifugal force on the resistance blade 401 increases accordingly. Once the centrifugal force exceeds the magnetic attraction force, the side of the resistance blade 401 closest to the central shaft 1 will detach from the magnetic attraction device 502 and automatically slide outward along the sliding track 5 to fold into a retracted state.

[0043] In the retracted state, the windward area of ​​the drag blade 401 is significantly reduced, which has virtually no impact on the normal aerodynamic performance of the lift blade 3, allowing the wind turbine to switch to pure lift mode for efficient power generation.

[0044] When the fan speed is lower than the set value, the magnetic attraction force is greater than the centrifugal force, and the resistance blades 401 remain deployed to provide auxiliary starting torque.

[0045] When the fan speed exceeds the set value, the centrifugal force is greater than the magnetic attraction force, and the resistance blade 401 automatically slides radially outward along the slide rail and retracts, reducing the frontal area.

[0046] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device, characterized in that: It includes a central shaft (1), and the central shaft (1) is provided with lifting blades (3) along the circumferential direction. The lifting blades (3) are fixedly connected to the central shaft (1) by a support rod (2). A generator or speed-up generator assembly is installed at the lower end of the central shaft (1).

2. The adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two support rods (2), both of which are located between the lifting blade (3) and the central axis (1). There is a gap between the two support rods (2), and the width of the gap is less than the length of the lifting blade (3).

3. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding rail (5) is provided on the facing surfaces between the two support rods (2), and a resistance plate (4) is slidably provided between the two sliding rails (5).

4. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding track (5) includes a sliding groove (501) inside, and a magnetic suction device (502) is installed at one end of the sliding groove (501) near the central shaft (1).

5. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding groove (501) is equipped with a slider (403). The sliders (403) in the upper and lower sliding grooves (501) are connected by a rotating shaft (402). The rotating shaft (402) passes through the resistance blade (401). The slider (403) slides radially to drive the resistance blade (401) to open and close.

6. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The resistance blade (401) has rotating holes (405) on both ends, and the rotating holes (405) are used for mounting the rotating shaft (402).

7. An adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hinge (404) is installed on one side of the end face of the resistance blade (401), and the hinge (404) is used to connect adjacent resistance blades (401).

8. A method of using an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: When the fan is stationary or at low speed, the magnetic attraction force provided by the magnetic attraction device (502) is greater than the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the resistance blade (401). The resistance blade (401) is in the unfolded state, facing the wind and receiving the flow, generating an auxiliary starting torque to drive the wind turbine to rotate. As the wind turbine speed gradually increases, the centrifugal force on the resistance blade (401) increases accordingly. Once the centrifugal force is greater than the magnetic attraction force, the resistance blade (401) on the side near the central axis will disengage from the magnetic attraction device (502) and automatically slide outward along the sliding track (5) to become folded up. In the retracted state, the windward area of ​​the drag blade (401) is significantly reduced, which has virtually no impact on the normal aerodynamic performance of the lift blade (3), and the wind turbine switches to pure lift mode for efficient power generation.

9. The method of using an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The critical speed at which the resistance blade (401) unfolds and retracts is 1.2 to 1.5 times the wind turbine's cut-in speed.

10. The method of using an adjustable vertical axis fan impeller device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the fan speed is lower than the set value, the magnetic attraction force is greater than the centrifugal force, and the resistance blades (401) remain deployed to provide auxiliary starting torque; When the fan speed exceeds the set value, the centrifugal force is greater than the magnetic attraction force, and the resistance blade (401) automatically slides radially outward along the slide rail and retracts, reducing the windward area.

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