A solid waste heat recovery device

Abstract

The application discloses a solid waste heat recovery device, which comprises a wheeled conveying unit, a waste heat recovery chamber (3) and a hot air circulation unit. The wheeled conveying unit comprises a driving wheel (6), a supporting wheel (8), a driving motor (6-1), a conveying belt (7) and a material receiving disc (1), and the material receiving disc (1) is arranged on the conveying belt (7) and can move back and forth. The waste heat recovery chamber (3) is arranged at the middle part of the conveying belt (7), the top part is provided with an air outlet (3-1), and the two sides are provided with an inlet door (3-2) and an outlet door (3-3). The hot air circulation unit comprises a steam generator (4), a hot air fan (9) and a wind distribution pipe (2), which are connected in sequence, the wind distribution pipe (2) is arranged in the waste heat recovery chamber (3) and above the material receiving disc (1), the wind distribution pipe (2) is provided with a wind distribution opening (2-1) facing the material receiving disc (1), and a forced convection circulation loop is formed. The application is suitable for waste heat recovery of various high-temperature materials such as slag and formed solid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste heat recovery technology, and in particular to a solid waste heat recovery device. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial waste heat can be carried by gases, liquids, and solids. While gaseous and liquid waste heat are more readily recovered, solid waste heat recovery is less common, especially for high-temperature solids such as steel slag, copper slag, castings, and forgings at temperatures of several hundred or even thousands of degrees Celsius. These often require natural cooling or water spray cooling to reach their required temperature. During natural cooling, the high-temperature heat dissipates into the air; during water spray cooling, the high-temperature heat dissipates into the cooling water and steam, resulting in ineffective heat recovery and utilization.

[0003] There are three main existing solid waste heat recovery technologies: One method is natural cooling. For example, solid wastes such as ferroalloy slag, copper slag, castings, and forgings are poured into slag pots (which resemble large crucibles with high-temperature resistant linings such as fireproof bricks) at the outlet of the smelting furnace. When they are naturally cooled to about 400°C, water is sprayed on them. The solids cool and shrink, separating from the slag pot, and then the whole thing is poured out. Castings and forgings are transported to the storage area by vehicles or conveyor belts and then naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0004] One method is water cooling. For example, steel slag is directly poured into a large water tank, which raises the temperature of the water in the tank, and some of the water vaporizes. This water is called slag flushing water, and its temperature is generally between 70-80℃. It can be reused through heat exchange, but compared with the original high-temperature steel slag of thousands of degrees, its temperature is significantly lower, making it difficult to utilize at a high level (such as for steam production, which requires the addition of high-grade electrical energy). It is mostly used for heating.

[0005] The last type is for solids that have slag pots or can be used in the process. The material is collected in the slag pot and then transported to the waste heat recovery device via a track. The waste heat recovery device is surrounded by water-cooled walls. Waste heat is recovered through radiation, heating the water in the water-cooled walls to produce steam or hot water. After cooling to a certain time or temperature, the slag pot is then sent out via a track to the water-cooled area of ​​the original process for the next operation.

[0006] The aforementioned solid waste heat recovery device has two problems: First, it is only suitable for solid waste heat from slag, such as copper slag and steel slag, which are collected in large slag pots before waste heat recovery, and is not suitable for already formed castings and forgings; Second, the waste heat output is uncontrollable when using radiation to recover waste heat, which may result in high temperature and high waste heat output efficiency in the early stage, and low temperature and low waste heat output efficiency in the later stage. At the same time, relying solely on radiation heat exchange results in low heat exchange efficiency and long time. Under the process requirements, either not enough heat can be recovered within a fixed time, or an excessively long cooling time is required.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solid waste heat recovery device that can simultaneously adapt to slag and shaped solids, has high heat exchange efficiency, and allows for controllable waste heat output. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solid waste heat recovery device. This device uses a wheeled conveyor system to deliver a receiving tray carrying high-temperature solids into a sealed waste heat recovery chamber. A hot air fan extracts high-temperature hot air from the top of the chamber and sends it to a steam generator for heat exchange and cooling. The cooled hot air is then blown onto the surface of the high-temperature solids through air distribution ducts evenly distributed on all four sides of the center of the waste heat recovery chamber, forming a forced convection circulation. Simultaneously, a water-cooled heat exchanger connection point can be reserved in the hot air ducts to form a two-stage cooling expansion interface. The receiving tray adopts a disc-shaped or flat plate structure to accommodate slag or shaped solids respectively. This solves the technical problems of existing solid waste heat recovery devices, such as limited applicability (unable to simultaneously process slag and shaped solids), low heat exchange efficiency (pure radiation heat exchange efficiency decreases sharply over time), and uncontrollable waste heat output (overshooting in the early stage and insufficient output in the later stage). The device achieves the effects of simultaneously accommodating slag and shaped solids, efficient and rapid heat exchange dominated by forced convection, and stable waste heat output through airflow adjustment.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a solid waste heat recovery device, comprising: a wheeled conveyor unit including a drive wheel 6, a support wheel 8, a drive motor 61, a conveyor belt 7, and a receiving tray 1, the receiving tray 1 being placed on the conveyor belt 7 and capable of reciprocating with the conveyor belt 7; a waste heat recovery chamber 3 located in the middle of the conveyor belt 7, lined with insulation material, with an inlet door 3-2 and an outlet door 3-3 on the left and right sides respectively, and an air outlet 3-1 at the top of the waste heat recovery chamber 3; and a hot air circulation unit including a steam generator 4, a hot air fan 9, and a distribution duct 2, the air outlet 3-1, the steam generator 4, the hot air fan 9, and the distribution duct 2 being connected in series via a hot air pipeline, the distribution duct 2 being located inside the waste heat recovery chamber 3 and above the stopping position of the receiving tray 1, and the distribution duct 2 having an air outlet 2-1 facing the receiving tray 1, forming a forced convection circulation loop.

[0010] This invention, through an innovative hardware architecture design of a wheeled conveyor unit and a hot air circulation unit, constructs a continuously reciprocating material conveying and forced convection heat transfer coupling path between the two units. This transforms the existing pure radiation heat transfer and fixed, single-displacement material conveying methods in solid waste heat recovery into a continuous operation process that coordinates hot air circulation and material step-by-step conveying: The receiving tray 1, carrying high-temperature solids, enters the waste heat recovery chamber 3 via the conveyor belt 7 through the feed gate 3-2 and stops below the air distribution pipe 2. The heat released by the high-temperature solids heats the air inside the chamber, creating a high-temperature environment. Hot air is drawn out through the air outlet 3-1 and flows sequentially through the steam generator 4 and the hot air fan 9. The steam generator 4 replaces the heat in the high-temperature hot air to generate steam, which is then output outward. The cooled hot air is blown through the air distribution port 2-1 of the air distribution pipe 2 onto the high-temperature solid in the receiving tray 1, forming a forced convection circulation loop of "indoor heating and rising → extraction and heat exchange → return and purging". This fundamentally solves the technical problem of low heat exchange efficiency (pure radiation heat exchange efficiency drops sharply over time and takes a long time) of existing solid waste heat recovery devices, and achieves a significant effect of rapid and efficient heat exchange dominated by forced convection.

[0011] Furthermore, the hot air blower 9 is located after the steam generator 4.

[0012] Furthermore, the device also includes a water-cooled heat exchanger 10, which is connected in series on the hot air duct.

[0013] Furthermore, the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is disposed between the hot air blower 9 and the air distribution pipe 2, or between the steam generator 4 and the hot air blower 9.

[0014] Furthermore, the waste heat recovery chamber 3 is provided with a water-cooled wall 3-4, the upper end of the water-cooled wall 3-4 is connected to a water collection tank 3-5, the water collection tank 3-5 is provided with a second steam outlet 3-6, and the lower end of the water-cooled wall 3-4 is provided with a water supply pipe 3-7.

[0015] Furthermore, the device also includes a sprayer 5, which is installed outside the discharge gate 3-3 and above the stopping position of the receiving tray 1. Its spraying range covers the opening area of ​​the receiving tray 1 and is used to spray cooling water onto the high-temperature solid after the receiving tray 1 is removed from the waste heat recovery chamber 3.

[0016] Furthermore, the device also includes a tilting mechanism 11, which is disposed at the bottom of the receiving tray 1, for tilting the receiving tray 1 after cooling and demolding to unload the solid.

[0017] Furthermore, a high-temperature resistant sealing strip is provided between the feed door 3-2 and the discharge door 3-3 and the corresponding door frame; the edges of the feed door 3-2 and the discharge door 3-3 are also provided with raised edges, and the corresponding door frame is provided with a groove. When the door is closed, the raised edges are embedded in the groove to form a labyrinth sealing channel.

[0018] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is provided at the air outlet 3-1 of the waste heat recovery chamber 3, and the rotation speed of the hot air fan 9 is adjusted according to the comparison result between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the preset target temperature: when the measured temperature is higher than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is increased, and when the measured temperature is lower than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is decreased.

[0019] Furthermore, the receiving tray 1 adopts a disc-shaped structure to accommodate slag materials, or a flat plate structure to accommodate shaped solids.

[0020] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Adaptability to Multiple Materials, Expanding Application Range: This invention utilizes a synergistic configuration of a wheeled conveyor unit and a receiving tray. The receiving tray employs a disc-shaped structure to accommodate slag materials or a flat plate structure to accommodate shaped solids, enabling the same device to simultaneously process bulk slag materials such as steel slag and copper slag, as well as block-shaped shaped solids such as castings and forgings. Compared to existing pure radiative waste heat recovery devices that can only process slag materials through slag pots and cannot adapt to shaped solids, this invention achieves broad-spectrum adaptability to both slag materials and shaped solids, significantly expanding the application range of solid waste heat recovery devices.

[0021] 2. Forced convection-driven, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency: This invention abandons the passive approach of existing pure radiative waste heat recovery devices that rely solely on radiative heat exchange. Instead, a hot air fan extracts high-temperature air from the top of the waste heat recovery chamber and forces it onto the high-temperature solid surface through air distribution ducts and outlets, forming a forced convection circulation loop. This allows the heat from the high-temperature solid surface to be continuously and rapidly removed. Compared to the inefficient heat exchange of pure radiative heat exchange, which decreases sharply over time, forced convection heat exchange is faster and has a larger heat exchange capacity, significantly shortening the cooling time and greatly improving waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0022] 3. Stable and controllable waste heat output: This invention stabilizes the outlet air temperature of the waste heat recovery chamber near a preset target value by adjusting the airflow of the hot air fan (in conjunction with temperature sensor feedback control). Compared to the uncontrollable output problem of pure radiation heat exchange, which is characterized by "high temperature and high waste heat output efficiency in the early stage, but low temperature and low waste heat output efficiency in the later stage," this invention achieves stable and controllable waste heat output, overcoming the output fluctuation defects of pure radiation heat exchange, which are characterized by "overshoot in the early stage and insufficient output in the later stage."

[0023] 4. Cascaded heat extraction to achieve high-grade utilization of waste heat: This invention connects a steam generator in series on the hot air circulation pipeline to generate steam by direct replacement of high-temperature hot air. The high-grade waste heat of high-temperature solids is output in the form of steam, avoiding the low-grade utilization method of heat loss or temperature drop caused by existing natural cooling or water spray cooling, which can only be used for heating. This invention achieves efficient recovery and high-quality output of high-grade waste heat.

[0024] 5. Two-stage expansion interface for flexible adaptation to various heating needs: This invention features a water-cooled heat exchanger connection point on the hot air circulation pipeline (after the steam generator), allowing users to flexibly choose whether to connect the water-cooled heat exchanger based on their needs. If only steam is required, the hot air returns directly to the air distribution duct after heat exchange in the steam generator; if both steam and hot water are needed, the hot air passes sequentially through the steam generator and the water-cooled heat exchanger, achieving tiered utilization of waste heat. The steam generator uses high-grade heat energy to produce steam, while the water-cooled heat exchanger uses low-grade waste heat to produce hot water, meeting the diverse heating needs of different users.

[0025] 6. Integrated Waste Heat Recovery and Demolding Processes Improve Efficiency: This invention integrates a sprayer on the outside of the discharge gate. After the receiving tray is removed from the waste heat recovery chamber, the sprayer sprays cooling water onto the high-temperature solids, causing them to cool and shrink rapidly, separating them from the receiving tray. Then, a tipping mechanism tilts the receiving tray to unload the solids. Compared to the shortcomings of existing natural cooling or water cooling methods where solid-adhered slag tanks are difficult to demold, this invention continuously completes the waste heat recovery and demolding / unloading processes in the same device, eliminating the need for additional equipment or transfer procedures, significantly improving overall process efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 1 Add a water-cooled heat exchanger to the existing structure. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 2 Add water-cooled walls to the existing structure. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 1 (Add sprinklers to the existing structure).

[0027] Figure label: 1: Receiving tray; 2: Air distribution duct; 21: Air distribution outlet; 3: Waste heat recovery chamber; 3-1: Air outlet; 3-2: Feed gate; 3-3: Discharge gate; 3-4: Water-cooled wall; 3-5: Water collection tank; 3-6: Second steam outlet; 3-7: Water supply pipe; 4: Steam generator; 4-1: First steam outlet; 4-2: Water supply port; 5: Sprayer; 5-1: Spray water pump; 5-2: Nozzle; 6: Drive wheel; 6-1: Drive motor; 7: Conveyor belt; 8: Support wheel; 9: Hot air fan; 10: Water-cooled heat exchanger; 10-1: Cold water pipe; 11: Tilting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0029] To address the problems of existing solid waste heat recovery devices, such as limited applicability (inability to simultaneously process slag and shaped solids), low heat exchange efficiency (pure radiation heat exchange efficiency drops sharply over time), and uncontrollable waste heat output (overshooting in the early stage and insufficient output in the later stage), this invention proposes a solid waste heat recovery device. This device can realize the recovery of waste heat from high-temperature materials in various forms, such as slag and shaped solids, on the same equipment. This invention employs a hardware architecture design combining a wheeled conveyor unit and a hot air circulation unit. The receiving tray, carrying high-temperature solids, enters the waste heat recovery chamber via the conveyor belt through the feed gate and stops below the air distribution duct. The heat released by the high-temperature solids heats the indoor air, forming high-temperature hot air. This hot air is extracted through the air outlet and flows sequentially through a steam generator and a hot air blower. The steam generator displaces the heat in the high-temperature hot air to generate steam, which is then output. The cooled hot air is blown through the air distribution duct's outlet onto the high-temperature solids in the receiving tray, forming a forced convection circulation loop of "indoor heating and rising → extraction and heat exchange → return for purging." Simultaneously, the receiving tray uses a disc-shaped structure to accommodate slag or a flat plate structure to accommodate shaped solids, enabling the same device to simultaneously process both loose slag and blocky shaped solids. A pre-reserved water-cooled heat exchanger connection point between the hot air blower and the air distribution duct constitutes a two-stage cooling expansion interface, allowing users to flexibly choose whether to connect to obtain hot water according to their needs. This invention can achieve rapid and efficient recovery of high-temperature solid waste heat, while significantly improving the adaptability of the device to materials of different forms and the stability of waste heat output, providing stable, economical and efficient technical support for industries such as metallurgy, building materials and chemicals.

[0030] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The solid waste heat recovery device provided by the present invention will be described.

[0031] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a solid waste heat recovery device, including a wheeled conveyor unit, a waste heat recovery chamber 3, and a hot air circulation unit.

[0033] The wheeled conveyor unit includes a drive wheel 6, a support wheel 8, a drive motor 6-1, a conveyor belt 7, and a receiving tray 1. The drive wheel 6 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 6-1. The conveyor belt 7 is wound between the drive wheel 6 and the support wheel 8. The receiving tray 1 is placed on the conveyor belt 7 and can move back and forth with the conveyor belt 7. The drive motor 6-1 can rotate in both directions to realize the reciprocating movement of the receiving tray 1. The receiving tray 1 is equipped with heat-insulating material (such as refractory bricks) to prevent high-temperature solids from damaging the receiving tray 1 and other components such as the conveyor belt 7, while ensuring that heat is mainly discharged upwards from the top of the receiving tray 1, reducing heat loss to the bottom of the receiving tray 1 and towards the conveyor belt 7. The receiving tray 1 has three fixed positions on the conveyor belt 7: a receiving area, a heat dissipation area, and a discharge area. The positions of the three positions are fixed, and the receiving tray 1 can be accurately stopped at each position by controlling the number of rotations of the drive motor 6-1 or by using a positioning device. The receiving tray 1 can be configured according to the form of the material being processed. It can adopt a disc-shaped structure to adapt to slag materials (such as steel slag, copper slag and other bulk materials), or a flat plate structure to adapt to shaped solids (such as castings, forgings and other block materials). This allows the same device to adapt to both bulk slag materials and shaped solid materials at high temperatures. This effectively overcomes the single-application defect of existing pure radiation waste heat recovery devices, which can only process slag materials through slag pots and cannot adapt to shaped solids. This greatly expands the application scope of solid waste heat recovery devices.

[0034] The waste heat recovery chamber 3 is located in the middle of the conveyor belt 7 and is lined with insulation material to reduce heat loss. The waste heat recovery chamber 3 has an inlet door 3-2 and an outlet door 3-3 on its left and right sides, respectively. Preferably, both the inlet door 3-2 and the outlet door 3-3 are electric doors. After the receiving tray 1 receives the high-temperature solid, it is conveyed into the waste heat recovery chamber 3 through the inlet door 3-2 by the conveyor belt 7, and then removed through the outlet door 3-3 after cooling. Specifically, when the receiving tray 1 receives the high-temperature solid, it moves to the right with the conveyor belt 7 to the inlet door 3-2, the inlet door 3-2 opens, the receiving tray 1 enters the waste heat recovery chamber 3, and stops at a predetermined position below the air distribution duct 2 in the heat dissipation area; after the receiving tray 1 enters the waste heat recovery chamber 3, the inlet door 3-2 closes. After the high-temperature solid completes waste heat recovery in the waste heat recovery chamber 3, the discharge door 3-3 opens, and the receiving tray 1 moves out from the discharge door 3-3 to the right discharge area along with the conveyor belt 7, and then performs the next cooling or direct unloading operation; after the operation on the right is completed, the drive motor 6-1 reverses and sends the receiving tray 1 back to the initial position of the left receiving area, waiting for the next receiving.

[0035] Preferably, high-temperature resistant sealing strips are provided between the inlet door 3-2 and the outlet door 3-3 and their corresponding door frames to form a preliminary seal when the doors are closed. Furthermore, the edges of the inlet door 3-2 and the outlet door 3-3 are also provided with raised edges, and the corresponding door frames are provided with grooves. When the doors are closed, the raised edges are embedded in the grooves to form a labyrinth sealing channel. Through the combination of the high-temperature resistant sealing strips and the labyrinth sealing channel, the path for high-temperature gas to leak out of the waste heat recovery chamber 3 is effectively blocked, reducing heat loss and ensuring the stability of the indoor hot air temperature, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] The top of the waste heat recovery chamber 3 is equipped with an air outlet 3-1, and a temperature sensor is installed at the air outlet 3-1 to detect the air outlet temperature.

[0037] The hot air circulation unit includes a steam generator 4, a hot air fan 9, and a distribution duct 2. The air outlet 3-1, steam generator 4, hot air fan 9, and distribution duct 2 are connected in series via a hot air pipeline. In this embodiment, the air outlet 3-1 is connected to the hot air inlet of the steam generator 4, and the hot air outlet of the steam generator 4 is connected to the air inlet of the hot air fan 9. That is, the hot air fan 9 is located after the steam generator 4, and the air outlet of the hot air fan 9 is connected to the air inlet of the distribution duct 2. Because the hot air fan 9 is located at a lower temperature position in the hot air circulation loop (the hot air enters the fan after being cooled by heat exchange in the steam generator 4), direct contact between the high-temperature hot air and the fan impeller and motor is avoided, thus extending the service life of the fan.

[0038] In some embodiments, the heat exchange tube bundle of the steam generator 4 is made of high-temperature resistant alloy material, with a design pressure of up to 9.8 MPa and a steam outlet temperature of approximately 300°C. The high-temperature solid inlet temperature can reach up to approximately 1000°C, and the hot air temperature in the waste heat recovery chamber 3 can reach over 400°C, which can meet the needs of medium-pressure steam users.

[0039] The air distribution duct 2 is located inside the waste heat recovery chamber 3 and above the stopping position of the receiving tray 1. The air distribution duct 2 is evenly distributed on all four sides inside the waste heat recovery chamber 3, and the air distribution duct 2 is provided with an air distribution port 2-1 facing the receiving tray 1 to ensure that the hot air can be blown evenly onto the high-temperature solid surface. The air distribution duct 2, the air outlet 3-1, the steam generator 4, the hot air fan 9 and the connecting pipes constitute a forced convection circulation loop.

[0040] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: After receiving tray 1 carries high-temperature solids (such as steel slag, copper slag, castings, forgings, etc.), it enters waste heat recovery chamber 3 through feed gate 3-2 via conveyor belt 7 and stops at a predetermined position below air distribution pipe 2. The heat released by the high-temperature solids heats the air in waste heat recovery chamber 3, forming high-temperature hot air. The high-temperature hot air rises to the top of waste heat recovery chamber 3, is extracted through air outlet 3-1, and enters steam generator 4. Steam generator 4 uses the heat of the high-temperature hot air to generate steam, which is output through first steam outlet 4-1 (steam generator 4 is also equipped with water inlet 4-2 for replenishing heat exchange medium). The high-temperature hot air directly washes over the heat exchange tube bundle of steam generator 4 and generates steam by displacement, avoiding the irreversible loss caused by multiple heat exchanges of the intermediate medium in existing indirect heat exchange methods. This achieves efficient recovery and high-quality output of high-grade waste heat, and the generated steam can be used for power generation or industrial steam applications.

[0041] After cooling, the hot air is pressurized by the hot air fan 9 and sent into the air distribution duct 2. The air is then blown from the air distribution port 2-1 of the air distribution duct 2 onto the surface of the high-temperature solid in the receiving tray 1, performing forced convection heat exchange on the high-temperature solid. Compared with existing pure radiation heat exchange methods, forced convection heat exchange is faster and has a larger heat exchange capacity, significantly shortening the cooling time and greatly improving waste heat recovery efficiency. After carrying away the heat from the solid, the hot air rises again to the top of the waste heat recovery chamber 3 and is extracted through the air outlet 3-1, forming a forced convection circulation loop of "heating and rising inside the chamber → extraction and heat exchange → return for purging". The high-temperature solid is continuously scouring and exchanging heat with the hot air in the sealed waste heat recovery chamber 3 until it drops to the target temperature, after which it is removed from the discharge door 3-3 by the conveyor belt 7.

[0042] Furthermore, the rotational speed of the hot air fan 9 is adjusted based on the comparison between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the preset target temperature: when the measured temperature is higher than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is increased to enhance convective heat transfer and quickly remove heat from the solid; when the measured temperature is lower than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is decreased to maintain a stable outlet air temperature. Through the above control strategy, the hot air temperature output from the waste heat recovery chamber 3 is stabilized within the set range, overcoming the output fluctuation problem of "overshoot in the early stage and undershoot in the later stage" in the pure radiation heat exchange method, and improving the controllability of waste heat output.

[0043] This embodiment utilizes a forced convection circulation loop to continuously flush and heat the high-temperature solid within a sealed waste heat recovery chamber, achieving rapid and efficient heat exchange primarily driven by forced convection. This significantly shortens cooling time and improves waste heat recovery efficiency. Simultaneously, by adjusting the speed of the hot air fan, stable and controllable waste heat output is achieved.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 1 (Add a water-cooled heat exchanger to the existing structure).

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is similar to Figure 1 The difference in the embodiment is that a water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is also connected in series on the hot air duct. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is provided with a cold water pipe 10-1 for introducing cooling water.

[0046] The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can be installed between the hot air fan 9 and the air distribution duct 2, or between the steam generator 4 and the hot air fan 9. When the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is installed between the steam generator 4 and the hot air fan 9, the hot air enters the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 for further cooling after heat exchange and cooling in the steam generator 4, and is then sent into the air distribution duct 2 by the hot air fan 9. When the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is installed between the hot air fan 9 and the air distribution duct 2, the hot air enters the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 for further cooling after heat exchange and cooling in the steam generator 4, and is then sent into the air distribution duct 2 by the hot air fan 9. Both arrangements can achieve tiered heat utilization. The steam generator 4 uses high-grade heat energy to generate steam, and the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 uses low-grade waste heat to generate hot water, avoiding the loss of usable energy caused by using high-grade heat energy for low-grade heating. Users can flexibly choose whether to connect the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 according to their actual needs. If only steam is needed, the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can be bypassed or removed. If both steam and hot water are needed, they can be connected in series to meet the diverse heating needs of different users.

[0047] The cooling water source for the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can be an independent water supply system, a plant circulating water system, or a process water system. The outlet water temperature is set according to the user's needs (such as heating hot water at 40-80℃ or process hot water at 80-95℃). By setting up the water-cooled heat exchanger 10, this embodiment can further recover low-grade waste heat to generate hot water while generating steam, realizing the cascade utilization of waste heat and further improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 2 (Add water-cooled walls to the existing structure).

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is similar to Figure 2 The difference in the embodiment is that the waste heat recovery chamber 3 is also provided with a water-cooled wall 3-4 as a supplementary module for radiative heat exchange, used to absorb the heat emitted by high-temperature solids and the interior wall surface. Preferably, the water-cooled wall 3-4 is disposed inside the insulation material of the waste heat recovery chamber 3, and is composed of multiple vertically arranged heat exchange tubes, covering the inner wall surface of the insulation material of the waste heat recovery chamber 3.

[0050] The upper end of the water-cooled wall 3-4 is connected to a water collection tank 3-5, which has a second steam outlet 3-6. A water supply pipe 3-7 is located at the lower end of the water-cooled wall 3-4. Water circulation within the water-cooled wall 3-4 adopts a natural circulation method: the water supply pipe 3-7 supplies water to the bottom of the water-cooled wall 3-4. The water is heated by radiant heat within the water-cooled wall 3-4, reducing its density and causing it to rise. Upon reaching the water collection tank 3-5, some of the water evaporates into steam and is discharged from the second steam outlet 3-6. The unevaporated water flows back along the water-cooled wall 3-4 to continue being heated, forming a natural convection circulation. This natural circulation method requires no external power, is reliable, and consumes no electricity, further reducing system operating costs.

[0051] Water-cooled wall 3-4, as a supplementary module for radiative heat exchange, further absorbs heat radiated from the high-temperature solids and the inner wall of the waste heat recovery chamber, building upon the forced convection circulation. Working in conjunction with the forced convection circulation loop, it further improves waste heat recovery efficiency and reduces heat loss. The water-cooled wall structure has a large coverage area and uniform heat absorption, effectively reducing the temperature of the inner wall of the waste heat recovery chamber, minimizing heat loss, and simultaneously increasing steam output.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solid waste heat recovery device in an embodiment of the present invention (in... Figure 1 (Add sprinklers to the existing structure).

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is similar to Figure 1 The difference in the embodiment is that a sprayer 5 is provided on the outside of the discharge gate 3-3. The sprayer 5 includes a spray water pump 5-1 and a nozzle 5-2.

[0054] The sprayer 5 is installed outside the discharge gate 3-3 and above the stopping position of the receiving tray 1, and its spray range covers the opening area of ​​the receiving tray 1. When the receiving tray 1, carrying the cooled solid, moves out of the discharge gate 3-3 of the waste heat recovery chamber 3 and reaches the predetermined position in the discharge area, the sprayer 5 is activated. The spray water pump 5-1 delivers cooling water to the nozzle 5-2, which sprays cooling water onto the high-temperature solid in the receiving tray 1, causing the solid to cool down and shrink rapidly and detach from the surface of the receiving tray 1, facilitating subsequent unloading. After spraying, the receiving tray 1 is tilted by the tipping mechanism 11 to unload the solid. The sprayer 5 is activated immediately after the receiving tray 1 is in position, and the spray water acts directly on the surface of the solid, causing it to cool down and shrink rapidly, avoiding the problem of the high-temperature solid sticking to the receiving tray during the cooling process and being unable to detach.

[0055] The sprayer 5 is installed at a low position, with its spray direction facing the inside of the receiving tray 1, to prevent spray water from splashing onto the conveyor belt 7 or the support rollers 8. A protective cover can be installed above the discharge area corresponding to the conveyor belt 7 and the support rollers 8 to further prevent spray water from splashing onto the transmission components and causing rust or thermal shock, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0056] A tipping mechanism 11 is located at the bottom of the receiving tray 1 and is used to tilt the receiving tray 1 after cooling and demolding to unload the solid. Preferably, the tipping mechanism 11 is a hydraulic lifting tipping mechanism, including a hydraulic cylinder, a lifting arm, and a base. The hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting arm to lift one side of the receiving tray 1, tilting the receiving tray 1 to a predetermined unloading angle (e.g., 45°~60°), and the solid slides down and is unloaded under gravity. After the solid is completely unloaded, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod retracts, the lifting arm swings in the opposite direction, and the receiving tray 1 slowly falls back to a horizontal position, waiting for the next receiving. The hydraulic lifting tipping mechanism achieves automatic tipping and unloading, with large lifting force, smooth operation, and controllable tilt angle. It eliminates the need for close contact between personnel and high-temperature materials, improving operational safety.

[0057] This embodiment completes the waste heat recovery and demolding / unloading processes continuously in the same device, without the need for additional equipment or transfer processes, which significantly improves the overall process efficiency.

[0058] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A solid waste heat recovery device, characterized in that, include: The wheeled conveyor unit includes a drive wheel (6), a support wheel (8), a drive motor (6-1), a conveyor belt (7), and a receiving tray (1). The receiving tray (1) is placed on the conveyor belt (7) and can move back and forth with the conveyor belt (7). Waste heat recovery chamber (3) is located in the middle of the conveyor belt (7), lined with heat insulation material, and has a feed door (3-2) and a discharge door (3-3) on the left and right sides respectively. The top of the waste heat recovery chamber (3) is provided with an air outlet (3-1). The hot air circulation unit includes a steam generator (4), a hot air fan (9), and a distribution pipe (2). The air outlet (3-1), the steam generator (4), the hot air fan (9), and the distribution pipe (2) are connected in series through a hot air pipeline. The distribution pipe (2) is located inside the waste heat recovery chamber (3) and above the stopping position of the receiving tray (1). The distribution pipe (2) is provided with an air outlet (2-1) facing the receiving tray (1), forming a forced convection circulation loop.

2. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot air blower (9) is located after the steam generator (4).

3. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A water-cooled heat exchanger (10) is connected in series on the hot air duct.

4. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water-cooled heat exchanger (10) is located between the hot air blower (9) and the air distribution pipe (2), or between the steam generator (4) and the hot air blower (9).

5. The solid waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery chamber (3) is equipped with a water-cooled wall (3-4), the upper end of the water-cooled wall (3-4) is connected to a water collection tank (3-5), the water collection tank (3-5) is equipped with a second steam outlet (3-6), and the lower end of the water-cooled wall (3-4) is equipped with a water supply pipe (3-7).

6. The solid waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: Sprayer (5), the sprayer (5) is installed outside the discharge gate (3-3) and above the stopping position of the receiving tray (1), its spray range covers the opening area of ​​the receiving tray (1), and is used to spray cooling water onto the high temperature solid after the receiving tray (1) is removed from the waste heat recovery chamber (3).

7. The solid waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: The tipping mechanism (11) is located at the bottom of the receiving tray (1) and is used to tilt the receiving tray (1) after cooling and demolding to unload the solid.

8. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed door (3-2) and discharge door (3-3) are provided with high-temperature resistant sealing strips between them and the corresponding door frames; the edges of the feed door (3-2) and discharge door (3-3) are also provided with raised edges, and the corresponding door frames are provided with grooves. When the door is closed, the raised edges are embedded in the grooves to form a labyrinth sealing channel.

9. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is provided at the air outlet (3-1) of the waste heat recovery chamber (3). The speed of the hot air fan (9) is adjusted according to the comparison result between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the preset target temperature: when the actual temperature is higher than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is increased; when the actual temperature is lower than the preset target temperature, the fan speed is decreased.

10. The solid waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving tray (1) adopts a disc-shaped structure to accommodate slag materials, or a flat plate structure to accommodate molded solids.

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